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PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  MANCHESTER 


HISTORICAL  SERIES 

No.  xn. 


The  Ejected  of  1662 

IN 

Cumberland  &  Westmorland 


Sherratt  &  Hughes 

Publishers  to  the  Victoria  University  of  Manchester 

Manchester:  34  Cross  Street 

London:    33  Soho  Square,    W. 


Agents  for  the  United  States 

Longmans,  Green  &  Co. 

443-449  Fourth  Avenue,  New  York 


^% 


The   Ejected  of  1662 


in 


Cumberland  &  Westmorland 


Their  Predecessors  and  Successors 


^ 


BY 


B.   NIGHTINGALE,   M.A. 


IN    TWO     VOLUMES 


VOL.    I. 


1 

MANCHESTER 

At   the   University   Press 
1911 


V 


V^ 


(  ^ 

\ 

\ 


University  of  Manchester  Publications 
No.  LXII. 


CONTENTS 


Prhfacb 

Abbreviations    Explained 

Principal  Authorities  Consulted 

Chapter  I.     Brief  Summary  of  the  Period 
,,       II.     The  Area  in  Question 
,,     III.     The   Men  and  Their   Story 


PAGE 

xi 

XV 

xvii 

1 

71 

131 


I 


CUMBERLAND. 

I .  The  Carlisle  Group  :  — 

1.  Carlisle  (St.  Mary's  and  St.  Cuthbert's) 

2.  Stanwix    ... 

3.  Crosby-on-Eden 

4.  Wetheral   and  Warwick 

5.  Kirkandrews-on-Eden 

6.  Beaumont  with  Grinsdale 

7.  Burgh-by-sands 

8.  Great  Orton        

9.  Dalston 

II.  The  Brampton  Group:  — 
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 


Brampton 

Castle   Carrock 

Cumrew 

Cumwhitton 

Nether  Denton 

Farlam 

Lanercost 

Walton 

Irthington 

10.  Hay  ton 

11.  Stapleton 

12.  Scaleby 

13.  Bewcastle 

14.  Kirkandrews-on 

15.  Arthuret 

16.  Kirklinton 

17.  RoclifEe 


Esk 


133 
188 
199 
207 
216 
218 
223 
227 
234 

249 
262 
268 
271 
274 
277 
278 
282 
283 
285 
2e8 
290 
292 
297 
302 
307 
314 


vi  Contents 

PAGE 

III,  The  Lazonbt  Group:  — 

1 .  Lazonby             ...          ...          ■  ■  •                      ••  ■          •  •  •  318 

2.  Hesket-in-the-Forest                327 

3.  Kirkoswald        331 

4.  Renwick             ...          ...          •••          •■•          •••          •••  347 

5.  Addingham       ...          ...           ..          ...          .••          ••■  349 

6.  Great  Salkeld              358 

7.  Melmerby          ..           ...         ...         ...         ...         ••■  383 

8.  Ousby.                387 

9.  Kirkland            391 

10.  Alston                 399 

11.  Ainstable           402 

12.  Croglin               •        ..  406 

IV.  The  Penrith  Group:  — 

1.  Penrith                ...  417 

2.  Edenhall              439 

3.  Newton  Reigny              ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  450 

4.  Greystoke             ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  454 

5.  Skelton ...  479 

6.  Hutton-in-the-Forest                  486 

7.  Castle   Sowerby               492 

8.  Sebergham           499 

9.  Raugbton   Head             502 

10.  Dacre       507 

11.  Watermillock      510 

12.  Matterdale            518 


V.  The  Wigton  Group:  — 

1.  Wigton 520 

2.  Westward  526 

3.  Thursby 531 

4.  Caldbeck 547 

5.  Uldale      554 

6.  Ireby        559 

7.  Bolton      564 

8.  AUhallows  571 

9.  Torpenhow  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  574 

10.   Plumbland  ...  533 

VI.  The  Holm  Cui.tram  Group:  — 

1.  Holm  Cultram 59I 

2.  Kirkbride  ...  ...  ...  ...  595 


Contents  vii 

PAGE 

3.  Bowness 600 

4.  Kirkbampton      ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ••■  606 

5.  Aikton      609 

6.  Bromfield             638 

7.  Aspatria              ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  643 

VII.  The  Keswick  Group:  — 

1.  Crosthwaite          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  647 

2.  Thornthwaite      659 

3.  Threlkeld             667 

4.  Bassenthwaite     ...          .  .          ...          ...          ...          ...  671 

5.  Embleton             ... 677 


VIII.  The  Cockermouth  Group  : — 

1.  Cockermouth       ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  681 

2.  Bridekirk  707 

3.  Isel  723 

4.  Dearham  728 

5.  Gilcrux 731 

6.  Cross  Canonby   ..  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  735 

7.  Lorton      738 

8.  Loweswater  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  742 

9.  Brigham  746 

10.  Camerton  758 

11.  Dean         761 

12.  Lamplugh  770 

IX.  The  St.  Bees  Group.  — 

1.  St.   Bees  779 

2.  Workington         786 

3.  Harrington  ...  ..  ...  ...  ...  ...  791 

4.  Distington  799 

5.  Moresby    ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  805 

6.  Arlecdon  808 

7.  Whitehaven  ...  810 

8.  Ennerdale ...  ...  815 

9.  Cleator     ... ...  ...  816 

10.  Egremont  820 

11.  Haile        831 

12.  Beckermet  and  Calderbridge    ...  ...  ...  ..  833 

13.  Ponsonby  835 

14.  Gosforth 836 

15.  Drigg       841 


VIU 


Contents 

PAGE 

16.  Irton        

844 

17.  Eskdale  and  Wasdale    ... 

845 

,  18.  Muncaster 

848 

19,  Waberthwaite     ... 

850 

20.  Corney     

854 

21.  Bootle       

858 

22.  Whitbeck              

866 

23.  Whicliam              

870 

24.  Millom     

872 

WESTMORLAND. 


I.  The  Kendal  Groui 

1.  Kendal     ... 

2.  Crosthwaite 

3.  Heversham 

4.  Beetham 

5.  Burton 

6.  Old  Button 

7.  Firbank 

8.  Killington 

9.  Kirkby    Lonsdale 


875 

962 

968 

981 

988 

997 

1002 

1004 

1009 


II.  The  Windermere  Group:  — 

1.  Windermere 

2.  Troutbeck  

3.  Ambleside 

4.  Grasmere 

III.  The  Kirkby  Stephen  Grout 

1.  Kirkby  Stephen 

2.  Crosby   Garrett 

3.  Ravenstonedale 

4.  Great  Asby 

5.  Great  Musgrave 

6.  Brough     ... 

7.  Warcop    ... 


1035 
1047 
1051 
1059 


1071 
1092 
1100 
1111 
1116 
1119 
1123 


IV.  The  Appleby  Group:  — 

1.  Appleby  (a.  St.  Lawrence;  b.  St.  Michael  or  Bon- 

gate)   1129 

2.  Ormside 1143 

3.  Long  Marton      ...  ...         ...  ...  ...  ...    1147 


Contents  ix 

PAGE 

4.  Dufton 1153 

5.  Newbiggin           ...          ...          ...          •••          ••■          •••  1157 

6.  Milburn               1160 

7.  Kirkby  Thore 1164 

8.  Temple   Sowerby            1173 

9.  Bolton      1175 

10.  Morland               1177 

V.  The  Shap  Group: — 

1.  Shap 1189 

2.  Crosby  Ravensworth     ...          ...          ...          •■■          ...  1196 

3.  Orton       1200 

4.  Bampton             1211 

5.  Askham    ... 1217 

6.  Barton 1224 

7.  Patterdale           1229 

8.  Martindale           1232 

9.  Lowther               1234 

10.  Clifton     1239 

11.  Cliburn 1242 

12.  Brougham           1246 

Chapter  IV.     Their  Works  do  Fot.LOw  Them 1251 


APPENDICES. 

I.     The  Commonwealth  Survey  for  1649      1299 

II.     The   Commonwealth   Survey  for   1656-7  1300 

III.  Ministerial  Augmentations  for  1655 — 1658       ...  ...  1313 

IV.  Collections  for  the  Piedmontese  Sufferers  1655-6         ...  1326 
V.     Conventicle  Returns  for  1669       ...  1329 

VI.     Presentments  for  Nonconformity,  &c.,  1662,  1670,  &c.  1.330 

VII.  Indulgence  Licenses  for  1672       ...  ...  ...  ...  1365 

VIII.  Tithe  and  other  Disputes  1373 

IX.     Dates  of  Parish  Registers  and  Transcripts        ...  ...  1379 

Corrigenda  et  Addenda       ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  1385 

Bibliography  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         ...  1409 

Index  1425 


PREFACE 

Five  years  ago,  when,  as  a  research  student  of 
Manchester  University,  I  took  in  hand  the  subject  of 
this  worli,  it  promised  no  considerable  fruit.  About 
thirty  names  in  Calamy's  list  of  Ejected  Ministers 
constituted  a  working  basis.  They  were  little  more 
than  names,  and  probably  a  dozen  pages  would  have 
represented  all  the  information  which  then  seemed  to  be 
available.  As  may  be  surmised  from  this,  the  first  idea 
was  to  restrict  enquiry  to  the  thirty  names  referred  to; 
in  other  words  to  test  Calamy  for  this  particular  area; 
but  it  soon  became  clear  that  a  restriction  of  that  kind 
would  have  very  serious  disadvantages,  and  that  it  was 
in  every  way  desirable  to  link  with  the  Ejections  of  the 
Restoration  and  the  Uniformity  Act  the  Sequestrations 
of  the  Commonwealth  Period.  That  was  equivalent  to 
testing  Walker,  whose  book  was  issued  as  a  rejoinder 
to  Calamy's.  The  idea  was  to  fill  in  the  blank  in  the 
various  Incumbent  lists  from  about  1640  to  1662,  with 
a  view  to  seeing  what  men  were  displaced  under  the  two 
regimes,  a  blank  which  is  a  very  serious  one,  and  which 
County  Histories  almost  invariably  ignore.  It  became 
evident,  however,  that,  if  this  principle  were  strictly 
adhered  to,  a  large  amount  of  most  valuable  information 
would  have  to  be  ruled  out;  and  the  idea  was  again 
enlarged.  The  ultimate  aim,  therefore,  has  been  to 
give  a  list  of  Incumbents  for  the  17th  Century.  Nor 
have  I  hesitated  to  give  a  very  liberal  interpretation  to 
the  phrase  "17th  Century,"  overlapping  often  on  both 
sides,  particularly  in  cases  where  the  information  added 
has  not  appeared  in  print.  It  is,  therefore,  very 
necessary  that  the  reader  should  remember  that,  while 
every  care  has  been  taken  to  carry  out  faithfully  the 
enlarged  idea,  make  the  list  in  each  case  as  accurate  and 


Xll 


Preface 


complete  as  possible  for  the  period,  the  main  strength 
has  been  devoted  to  the  years  covered  by  the 
Sequestrations  and  Ejections.  County  Histories  are 
fairly  reliable  guides  for  periods  preceding  and 
succeeding  the  one  with  which  I  am  specially  concerned. 
What  promised  to  be  a  comparatively  barren  subject 
has  produced  the  present  considerable  work ;  and  I  have 
most  reluctantly  had  to  refuse  admission  to  further 
material,  or  the  work  would  have  been  even  more 
seriously  large  than  it  is.  The  truth  is  that  to  enquiries 
of  this  kind  there  appears  to  be  no  finality,  and  the 
earnest  student  never  needs  to  despair  of  any  subject, 
however  unpromising  it  may  appear. 

The  particular  attention  of  the  reader  is  called  to  the 
Appendices  and  other  matters  at  the  end  of  the  book. 
Much  of  the  information  given  there  is  of  the  utmost 
importance.  It  supplements  and  occasionally  modifies 
the  text  and  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  it.  It 
came  to  hand  too  late  to  be  embodied  in  the  work  proper ; 
but  I  felt  that  the  reader  should  be  put  in  possession  of  it, 
though  it  involved  some  sacrifice  of  literary  order  and 
unity. 

The  book  is  not  meant  to  be  an  apologetic  for  any 
particular  type  of  religious  life.  I  have  had  no  brief 
except  for  historic  facts,  and  I  have  given  to  such  facts 
the  only  interpretation  which  seemed  permissible.  If  I 
have  presented  a  more  favourable  view  of  the  policy  of 
the  Commonwealth  Rulers  in  reference  to  the  Royalist 
Clergy  than  is  entertained  in  some  quarters,  it  is  because 
no  other  view  seemed  open,  so  far,  at  least,  as  this  area 
is  concerned.  Possibly  the  part  of  the  book  which  will 
excite  most  diversity  of  opinion  is  that  which  deals  with 
the  problem  of  Presbyterianism ;  but  here  again  the 
position  assumed  seemed  to  be  the  only  defensible  one. 
The  book  does  not  pretend  to  be  above  criticism.  The 
enormous  mass  of  detail  which  it  contains  makes 
absolute  accuracy  almost  impossible;  and  all  that  I 
claim  is  that  the  best  open  to  me  amidst  the  exactions  of 
a  busy  Pastorate  has  been  put  into  it. 


Preface  xiii 

One  thing,  at  least,  it  is  hoped  the  work  will  do,  viz., 
deliver  writers  on  the  Ecclesiastical  History  of  this  area 
from  the  spell  of  Walker  and  Todd,  under  which  they 
have  hitherto  been.  Without  challenge  of  any  kind,  the 
statements  of  those  two  authors  have  been  taken  on  trust 
by  most  writers  ;  but,  while  both  of  them  gleaned 
diligently  in  the  byways  of  historic  research,  they  are 
quite  unreliable  in  relation  to  matters  of  this  kind. 
Both  have  written  what  is  grotesquely  coloured  and  even 
untrue.  The  writers  have  their  value,  but  the  value  is 
of  a  general  rather  than  specific  character.  As  Dr. 
Todd  himself  puts  it,  their  facts  must  not  be  "pressed 
too  close  at  the  heeles." 

At  least  the  work  can  claim  uniqueness.  I  do  not 
know  of  any  similar  attempt  for  any  other  area ;  and  I 
am  not  surprised;  the  labour  has  been  Herculean,  and, 
while  I  in  no  way  regret  it,  I  am  not  sorry  to  be  able 
to  write  "  finis." 

It  remains  for  me  to  acknowledge  my  indebtedness 
to  those  who  have  given  me  assistance.  The  Clergy, 
with  scarcely  an  exception,  during  three  Summer 
holidays  extended  to  me  the  warmest  welcome  and  the 
most  generous  hospitality.  The  exp>erience  will  remain 
with  me  as  one  of  the  happiest  memories  of  life.  The 
custodians  of  the  Carlisle  and  Chester  Diocesan  Registries 
along  with  Mr.  W.  H.  Satterthwaite,  M.A.,  of  Lancaster, 
who  has  charge  of  the  Transcripts  connected  with 
the  western  portion  of  the  ancient  Archdeaconry  of 
Richmond,  offered  me  every  facility  for  my  work. 
To  the  Bishop  of  Chester,  in  particular,  am  I  greatly 
indebted  for  securing  easy  access  to  the  documents 
belonging  to  that  part  of  his  See  with  which  I 
was  concerned.  To  his  Grace,  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  I  am  grateful  for  permission  to  print  the 
extracts  from  the  Lambeth  MSS.  which  appear  in  the 
work;  also  to  the  Librarians  of  the  Manchester  Free 
Library,  the  John  Rylands  Library,  the  Preston  Free 
Library,  the  Jackson  Library  (Carlisle),  Dr.  Williams's 
Library,   the  Congregational   Library   (Memorial   Hall, 


xiv  Preface 

London),  the  Bodleian,  the  Lambeth  Library,  the  Sion 
College  Library,  the  Authorities  of  the  British  Museum, 
and  the  Record  Office,  the  Town  Clerks  of  Carlisle  and 
Kendal  respectively,  the  Secretary  and  Trustees  of  the 
Presbyterian  Fund,  and  the  Secretary  and  Trustees  of 
the  Congregational  Fund  Board.  Professor  Tout, 
M.A.,  and  Principal  Gordon,  M.A.,  have  taken  real 
interest  in  the  work  from  the  beginning,  and  helped  me 
with  many  valuable  suggestions.  The  latter,  in  par- 
ticular, has  laid  me  under  great  obligation  by  his  most 
generous  assistance  in  many  directions.  In  addition  to 
much  else,  the  comprehensive  Index,  which  is  not  the 
least  valuable  part  of  the  book,  is  almost  entirely  his  work. 
Professor  Firth,  M.A.,  Litt.D.  of  Oxford  also,  who 
has  seen  much  of  the  MS.,  has  assisted  not  a  little  by 
his   kindly  encouragement. 

If  the  book  in  any  way  stimulates  pursuit  of 
knowledge ;  suggests  sources  of  information  for  those 
who  desire  to  write  Parish  Histories ;  and  quickens 
interest  in  the  great  religious  problems  of  the  17th 
Century  my  labour  will  have  been  to  good  purpose. 

B.  NIGHTINGALE. 

The  Manse, 

Bairstow  Street, 
Preston. 

December,  191 1. 


ABBREVIATIONS   EXPLAINED 


Cal.  S.P.  Dom. 

S.P.  Dom. 

L.J. 

C.J. 

Al.  Ox. 

Ath.  Cant. 

Cant.  Grad. 

Nicolson  and  Burn. 

Hutchinson. 

Whellan. 

Calamy. 

Non.  Mem. 

Miscel. 

Neal's  Hist.  Pur. 
Trans.  (O.S.). 


Trans.   (N.S.). 

Rel.  Bax. 
Walker. 
W.  Ath. 
Hist.  Eng.  Ch. 


MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

H.M.C. 
Bodl.  MSS. 
Lewis's  Hist. 

Clarendon. 

Hanbury. 

C.S.   (O.S.). 

C.S.  (N.S.). 

Dryadale. 

Annals. 

Baillie. 


Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic  Series. 

State  Papers,  Domestic  Series. 

Lords  Journal. 

Commons  Journal. 

Foster's  Alunmi  Oxoni&nses. 

Cooper's  Athenae  Cantabrigienses. 

Cantabrigienses   Craduati. 

History  of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland. 

History  of  Cumberland. 

History  of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland. 

Calamy's  Account  of  the  Ejected  Ministers. 

Palmer's  Nonconformist's    Memorials. 

Bishop  Nicolson's  Miscellany  Accounts  of  the 
Diocese  of  Carlisle,   1703-4. 

History  of  the  Puritajis  (1737  Edition). 

Transactions  of  the  Cumberland  and  West- 
morland Archaeological  Society,  Old 
Series. 

Transactions  of  the  C.  and  W.  Archaeological 
Society,  New  Series. 

Reliquiae  Baxterianae. 

Sufferings  of  the  Clergy. 

Wood's  Athenae. 

Shaw's  History  of  the  English  Church  during 
the  Civil  Wars  and  under  the  Common- 
wealth (1640—1660). 

HS.  Minute  Book  of  the  Cockermouth  Con- 
gregational Church. 

Historical  MSS.  Commission. 

MSS.  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 

History  of  the  Congregational  Church,  Cock- 
ermouth. 

History  of  the  Rebellion  (1839  Edition), 

Historical  Memorials. 

Chetham  Society  Publications,  Old  Series. 

Chetham  Society  Publications,  New  Series. 

History  of  the  Presbyterians  in  England. 

M'Crie's  Annals  of  English  Presbytery, 

Letters  and  Journals. 


xvi  Abbreviations 

Hist.  Eng.  Cong.  Dale's  History  of  English  Congregationalism. 

Macphail.  The  Presbyterian  Church  :  Its  Doctrine,  Wor- 
ship and  Polity. 

Eng.   U.   Hist.  Gordon's  Heads  of  English  Unitarian  History. 

Lamb.   MSS.  MSS.  in  the  Lambeth  Library. 

Brit.   Mus.  British   Museum. 

Add.  MSS.  Brit  Mus.  Additional  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum. 

The  following  also  may  assist  the  reader  in  relation  to  the  extracts 
from  original  documents ;  and  it  may  be  well,  further,  to  point  out  that 
to  avoid  needless  repetition  the  documents  themselves  are  frequently 
abbreviated.  The  reader,  however,  who  is  so  disposed,  can  easily  fill  in 
the  blanks,  by  comparing  those  of  the  same  MS.  together.  Invariably  a 
complete  one  is  given  somewhere.  Take  Lamb.  MS.  996  for  example — 
an  unabbreviated  extract  appears  under  Ireby,  p.  560  : — 

yy  =  they. 
yt  =  that, 
or  =  our 

pducing  =  producing.     Almost  invariably  contractions  take  place  in  com- 
binations of  a  vowel  with  "r." 
pish  =  parish, 
pills  =  perils. 
pnt  =  present. 
Sept=Sepultus. 
wn  =  when.  > 

yrf ore  =  therefore 
Lp  and  Lorp  =  Lordship, 
possions  =  possessions, 
exaied  =  examined, 
accoted  =  accounted, 
povicon  =  provision. 

memorandum  memorandum.     Latin  endings  are  frequently  cut  off. 
yrly  =  yearly. 
sd  =  said 
sevall  =  several 
pfitts= profits 
pliamt = parliament 
pticulers  =  particulars. 


PRINCIPAL  AUTHORITIES  CONSULTED. 

I.  Paeish  Registers, 

About  130  of  these  have  been  examined  and  they  have 
supplied  information  of  the  utmost  value.  It  is  not 
suggested  that  the  examination  has  been  minute  and 
complete  for  each  document.  That  would  have  been  a 
very  serious  task,  as  the  area  is  large,  and  many  of  the 
places  are  remote  from  any  railway  station.  On  an 
average  two  hours  each  sufficed,  the  search  being  restricted 
to  the  period  with  which  this  work  is  concerned.  A 
sentence  or  two  descriptive  of  their  condition  appears 
under  each  heading. 

II.  Manuscripts. 

1.  Plundered  Ministers  MSS. 

There  are  over  60  of  these  in  the  Lambeth  Library, 
varying  considerably  in  size.  Dr.  Shaw  ("  English 
Church,"  &c.,  vol.  ii.)  describes  them.  They  have  all 
been  carefully  examined,  and  whatever  related  to  our 
area  has  been  transferred  to  this  work.  With  reference 
to  MS.  1021  Dr.  Shaw  writes  :  "  missing  for  a  long  time." 
This  document  has  been  quite  recently  found  by  the 
present  Librarian  after  being  lost  for  80  years.  With  the 
exception  of  the  Librarian  and  the  Archbishop,  I  was  the 
only  person  who  had  seen  it  at  the  time.  It  is  a  very 
bulky  volume,  would  seem  to  be  five  or  six  volumes  in  one, 
is  in  a  dilapidated  condition  and  without  covers.  It  is  a 
rough  Note  Book  of  the  Trustees'  Meetings,  and  covers  the 
years  January  1654,  to  September  1657.  The  notes  are 
considerably  better  written  and  fuller  than  is  usually  the 
case,  and  the  volume  is  of  real  value. 

In  the  Record  Office  are  about  10  volumes  dealing  with 
the  same  matters,  which  also  have  been  inspected  in  so 
far  as  they  relate  to  our  area. 

In  Sion  College  is  one  MS.  but  it  contains  nothing  with 
which  we  are  particularly  concerned. 


xviii  Authorities 

Three  MSS.  in  tlie  British  Museum  (Add.  MSS.,  15669, 
15670,  15671)  have  been  carefully  inspected  with  rich 
results;  and  similarly  the  nine  volumes  in  the  Bodleian, 
appearing  as  the  Bodl.  MSS.  322—329.  MS.  330  is  now 
Eawl.  D.  711.  It  is  a  mere  fragment  containing  names 
of  Ministers  who  subscribed  the  Engagement  of  1649. 
Nos.  328  and  329  have  nothing  relating  to  our  area. 
There  are  in  the  Lambeth  Library  also  several  volumes 
of  Surveys  which  have  been  examined. 

2.  State  P a/per s. 
These  are  in  the  Record  Office.  Almost  invariably  I  have 
gone  to  the  originals  an,d  copied  accordingly,  not  being 
content  with  the  summaries  given  in  Calendars,  which, 
while  good  as  guides,  often  omit  interesting  and  necessary 
details.  The  student  will  be  well  advised  to  do  this  as  far 
as  possible.  To  these  may  be  added  the  Institution  and 
Composition  Books  together  with  the  Exchequer  Deposi- 
tions and  Exchequer  Bills  and  Answers  (Legal  Search 
Room).  The  latter  in  particular  are  extremely  valuable 
and  being  arranged  in  Counties  are  easily  used. 

3.  The  Rawlinson  MSS. 

A  large  collection  in  the  Bodleian,  which  has  only  been 
indifferently  worked  by  writers  on  Nonconformist  History, 
and  yet  in  it,  especially  the  Letter  series,  are  immense 
materials  of  the  utmost  value  for  the  purpose. 

4.  The  Birch  MSS. 
These,  which  now  include  the  Ayscough  MSS,  are  in  the 
British  Museum.  They  are  a  large  and  most  valuable 
collection,  the  Letter  series  especially  being  rich.  They 
have  been  more  largely  used  by  writers  on  Nonconformist 
History  than  the  Rawlinson  MSS.,  but  there  is  still  much 
that  has  never  appeared  in  print. 

5.  The  Walker  31 SS. 
These  are  in  the  same  Library.    Walker's  own  notes  are 
of  little  use  because  they  have  been  largely  embodied  m 


Authorities  xix 

his  "Sufferings  of  the  Clergy,"  whilst  his  writing  is 
execrable.  But  besides  copies  of  some  rare  pamphlets  and 
other  materials  the  MSS.  contain  the  original  contribu- 
tions of  Walker's  correspondents  in  various  parts  of  the 
country.  These  give  interesting  views  from  behind,  which 
often  considerably  modify  the  front  view. 

6.  House  of  Lords  MSS. 
In  the  Library  of  the  House  of  Lords.  Among  other 
documents  are  the  original  Petitions  of  the  Clergy,  who 
sought  restoration  to  their  livings  in  1660.  A  list  is  given 
in  the  7th  Eeport  of  the  Hist.  MSS.  Com.,  Pt.  I,  pp.  104, 
108.  Those  relating  to  our  area  have  been  copied  and 
inserted. 

7.  The  Machell  and  Nicolson  MSS. 
The  first  are  the  work  of  Thomas  Machell,  Rector  of 
Kirkby  Thore.  There  are  several  volumes  of  miscel- 
laneous matters  relating  to  the  two  Counties,  and  occa- 
sionally they  supply  items  of  interest.  They  are  in  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  Library,  Carlisle.  The  Nicolson  MSS, 
the  work  of  Bishop  Nicolson,  are  in  the  same  place,  and 
are  mainly  extracts  from  the  Episcopal  Register.  They 
were  largely  used  by  Nicolson  and  Burn  in  their  work, 
and  so  have  yielded  little  independent  assistance  for  this. 

8.  The  Kendal  Indictment  and  Order  Books. 
These  are  in  the  custody  of  the  Town  Clerk  of  that  town, 
who  gave  every  facility  for  consulting  them. 

9.  The  Carlisle  Chamberlain's  Accounts. 
These  are  in  the  custody  of  the  Town  Clerk,  who  readily 
placed  them  at  my  disposal. 

10.  The  Evans  and  Baxter  MSS. 

Both  are  in  Dr.  Williams's  Library,  London.  The 
former  are  largely  used  in  James's  "  Presbyterian  Chapels 
and  Charities."  The  latter,  the  Letter  series,  in  particular, 
gave  a  few  results. 


XX  Authorities 

11.  The  Minutes  and  Cash  Boohs  of  the  Presbyterian 
Fund. 

A  large  and  well  kept  collection  in  Dr.  Williams's 
Library,  dating  from  1690  and  continuing  with  scarcely 
a  break  to  tbe  present  time, 

12.  The  Minutes  of  the  Congregational  Fund  Board. 

Tliese  are  in  tbe  Muniment  Room  of  the  Memorial 
Hall,  London.  They  are  not  near  so  rich,  full,  and  well 
kept  as  those  of  the  Presbyterian  Fund.  They  begin 
with  December  1695,  and  the  first  volume  ends  with 
1699.  Volume  II.  is  from  1700—1704,  and  Vol.  III. 
1738 — 1747.  There  appears  therefore  to  be  a  considerable 
gap  in  them.  Taken  along  with  the  Minutes  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Fund  they  are  invaluable  for  purposes  of  Non- 
conformist History;  and  it  is  surprising  that  so  little  use 
has  been  made  of  them. 

13.  The  Jackson  MSS. 

These  were  the  work  of  the  late  Wm.  Jackson,  F.S.A., 
who  bequeathed  them  with  many  of  his  rare  books  to  the 
Carlisle  Library  where  they  form  the  Jacksoniana  Biblio- 
theca.  The  MSS.  contain  Will  extracts.  Pedigrees  and 
other  interesting  material  which  he  collected  in  his 
life  time.  A  catalogue  of  this  Library  has  recently  been 
printed. 

14.  Transcripts,  etc. 

Those  kept  at  Carlisle  and  Lancaster  have  been  examined, 
so  also  has  the  Carlisle  Episcopal  Register.  At  Chester 
the  Act  and  Visitation  Books  have  been  similarly  treated. 

15.  The  Larkham  MSS. 

These  include :  — 

(a)  The  Cockermouth  Church  Book.  This  was  the  work 
of  George  Larkham  until  his  death,  a  few  additions  being 
made  by  later  hands.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  the 
Deacons  of  the  Cockermouth  Congregational  Church. 

(6)  The  Diary  of  Thomas  Larkham  from  1647.  This  is 
a  most  remarkable  document  and  is  about  the  same  size 
as  the  Cockermouth  Church  Book.  There  appear  to  be  in 
it  at  least  five  different  handwritings :  — 


Authorities  xxi 

1.  That  of  the  original  owner  who  seems  to  have  been 
an  apothecary.  The  writing  here  is  beautiful  and  the 
entries  are  such  as  would  concern  his  business.  The  date 
in  this  writing  goes  back  at  least  to  1697. 

2.  Near  the  end  of  the  book  are  several  pages  occupied 
with  Christenings,  Burials  and  Receipts  in  "  or  [our]  prish 
church  of  East  Greenwch,  by  G.  L.  then  elected  Clarke," 
beginning  with  December  1615.  The  writing  is  small 
and  neat,  but  distinctly  different  from  the  other. 

3.  Thomas  Larkham  was  sometime  Minister  of  East 
Greenwich,  and  probably  the  book  came  into  his  possession 
through  this  connection.  He  used  it  as  a  Diary  and  Book 
of  Accounts  and  the  earliest  date  is  1647.  These  items 
appear  in  the  various  spaces  which  the  other  writers  had 
left;  but  Larkham  was  not  satisfied  with  that,  he  has 
written  on  the  top  of  the  other,  actually  using  their  words 
and  letters  wherever  possible  for  his  own  purpose.  The 
result  is  that  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  pick  out  his 
entries. 

4.  From  Thomas  Larkham  the  book  appears  to  have 
passed  on  to  his  son  George,  the  Cockermouth  Minister, 
who  fills  in  remaining  spaces  and  adds  copies  of  letters 
which  Mr.  Lewis  has  printed. 

5.  The  next  writer  is  Larkham  Bowes,  George  Lark- 
ham's  grandson,  whose  entries  are  few. 

The  MS.  is  owned  by  H.  M.  Fawcett,  Esq.,  of  Whitley 
Bay,  a  descendant  of  Larkham,  who  kindly  lent  it  me  for 
some  time.  It  is  very  doubtful  if  a  complete  transcript 
can  ever  be  made  owing  to  the  superimposition  of 
Larkham's  writing  upon  the  original;  and  the  task  of 
making  a  fairly  readable  one  is  very  serious.  I  have, 
however,  proceeded  some  way  through  it.  The  MS.  is 
soiled  and  worn  in  places ;  and  was  rebound  by  the  owner 
a  short  time  ago. 

16.  The  Bradshaigh  MS. 

This  is  a  most  valuable  document  throwing  vivid  light 
upon  the  sufferings  of  Nonconformists  during  the  period 


xxii  Authorities 

of  the  Stuart  reigns.  It  is  in  the  possession  of  Dr.  Farrer, 
who  permitted  me  to  make  considerable  extracts  from  it. 
It  relates  mainly  to  Lancashire,  but  has  several  times 
served  to  illustrate  points. 

III.     Printed  Books. 

Among  County  Histories  that  of  Nicolson  and  Burn, 
published  in  1777,  stands  easily  first.  Though  some  areas 
are  treated  very  indifferently,  especially  the  West 
Cumbrian  side,  it  has  served  as  a  working  basis  and  been 
found  exceedingly  useful.  Hutchinson's  History  in  two 
volumes,  published  in  1794,  is  restricted  to  Cumberland. 
In  relation  to  the  inquiries  with  which  this  work  is  con- 
cerned, it  adds  little  new  and  simply  copies.  Jefferson's 
book  is  incomplete.  Published  during  the  years  1838  to 
1842,  the  author  has  given  only  three  volumes  :  "Allerdale 
above  Derwent,"  "  History  of  Carlisle,"  and  "  History  of 
Leath  Ward."  It  is  disappointing  because  it  promises  in 
the  Preface  to  supply  the  lack  of  the  other  Historians  in 
regard  to  the  Incumbents  of  the  various  Parishes,  and  yet 
it  merely  copies.  Whellan's  "  History  of  Cumberland  and 
Westmorland,"  published  in  1860,  contains  nothing  fresh 
but  inaccuracies,  of  which  there  is  an  abundance.  Very 
early  I  came  to  see  that  it  was  quite  unreliable.  The 
"  Victoria  County  History  "  has  not  proceeded  sufficiently 
far  to  be  of  service ;  but  the  Chapter  on  the  Ecclesiastical 
History  of  Cumberland  is  not  assuring.  There  is  a  great 
opportunity  for  a  thoroughly  good,  up  to  date  History  for 
these  two  Counties,  which  will  do  for  them  what  Baines 
has  done  for  Lancashire.  The  two  Histories  by  Chancellor 
Ferguson,  published  by  Elliot  Stock,  are  true  to  their 
name,  "  Popular  " ;  but  both,  along  with  the  "  Diocesan 
History  of  Carlisle  "  by  the  same  writer,  have  been  useful 
for  their  panoramic  views.  The  area  is  not  rich  in  purely 
Local  Histories,  but  those  in  existence  have  been  consulted. 
The  Transactions  of  the  Cumberland  and  Westmorland 
ArchiEological  Society,  numbering  some  sixteen  volumes, 
Old  Series,  and  ten.  New  Series,  have  been  carefully 
examined.     The  articles  are  sometimes  written  more  for 


Authorities  xxiii 

popular  consumptiou  than  with  a  view  to  the  needs  of  the 
student;  but  they  invariably  indicate  valuable  sources  of 
information. 

Baxter's  "  Reliquiae "  is  indispensable  to  the  student 
who  would  know  the  spirit  and  tendencies  of  the  time. 
Wood's  "Athenae,  Oxon,"  Brook's  "  Lives  of  the  Puritans,'' 
Marsden's  "  History  of  the  Puritans,"  and  in  particular 
Neal's  "  History  of  the  Puritans "  have  been  frequent 
companions. 

Calamy's  "  Account  of  the  Worthy  Ministers  who 
were  Ejected,  &c.,"  has  been  in  constant  requisition. 
I  have  had  by  me  the  First  Edition,  published  in  1702,  a 
very  unpretentious  little  work  of  one  volume,  only  about 
half  of  which  is  occupied  with  the  "Account."  In  most 
cases  the  information  is  very  meagre,  little  more  than 
names  being  given.  The  Second  Edition,  published  in 
1713,  the  Continuation  making  Vols.  III.  and  lY.,  being 
added  in  1727,  is  the  one  used  throughout  this  work. 
Palmer  undertook  to  "  abridge,  correct,  methodize  "  and 
make  additions,  and  an  Edition  called  the  "  Second 
Edition  "  appeared  in  1775.  The  work  was  reissued  in 
1802-O  and  again  it  is  called  a  "  Second  Edition."  It 
differs  somewhat  from  the  1775  Edition.  If  there  was  a 
First  Edition  I  have  not  seen  it;  but  the  others  are  in  my 
possession.  Palmer,  however,  has  not  done  his  work  well; 
and  I  greatly  prefer  the  original  Calamy. 

Walker's  "  Sufferings  of  the  Clergy  "  has  had  its  place 
side  by  side  with  Calamy.  Criticisms  of  this  book  appear 
in  the  work  and  the  original  MSS.  in  the  Bodleian  are  an 
interesting  commentary  upon  it.  Hanbury's  "  Historical 
Memorials,"  Wilson's  "Dissenting  Churches,"  and  Hunter's 
"Life  of  Oliver  Heywood"  have  yielded  considerable  help. 
Dr.  Shaw's  "History  of  the  English  Church,  &c.,"  has  been 
of  the  greatest  assistance,  not  only  in  its  careful  discussion 
of  17th  Century  religious  problems  ,  but  as  a  guide  to  the 
MS.  collections  open  to  students  of  that  period. 

Presbyterian  Historians,  like  Dr.  Drysdale,  Dr.  M'Crie, 
and  the  Eev.  W.  M.  Macphail,  M.A.,  have  been  carefully 


xxiv  Authorities 

lead,  even  as  have  Congregational  Historians  like  Dr. 
Dale,  Dr.  Stoughton,  Dr.  Dexter,  and  Dr.  Brown. 

Tlie  Calendars  of  State  Papers,  several  Reports  of  the 
Historical  MSS.  Commission,  the  Journals  of  the  House  of 
Lords  and  the  House  of  Commons  have  been  consulted; 
but,  as  previously  intimated,  in  almost  all  cases  I  have 
gone  behind  Calendars  and  Reports  to  original  documents. 

Very  large  use  has  been  made  of  Foster's  monumental 
work,  "Alumni  Oxonienses."  A  considerable  proportion 
of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  men  went  to  Oxford  for 
their  training,  to  Queen's  College  in  particular.  Cooper's 
"Athenae  Cantabrigienses "  has  occasionally  given  assist- 
ance, but,  breaking  off  near  the  end  of  the  16th  Century,  it 
rarely  touches  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned. 
The  "  Cantabrigienses  Graduati "  begins  with  1659  and  so 
there  is  a  gap  at  the  point  where  assistance  is  most  needed. 

Gough's  copy  of  the  "  Graduati  "  in  the  Bodleian  is  the 
one  that  has  been  used.  Scott's  "  Fasti,"  "  Catalogue  of 
Edinburgh  Graduates "  (Bannatyne  Ckib),  Baillie  s 
Letters,  &c.,  have  all  yielded  their  quotas. 

For  the  general  history,  Gardiner's  "  History  of  the 
Commonwealth"  and  "The  Cambridge  Modern  History," 
not  forgetting  Hume,  Clarendon,  Macaulay,  and  Green, 
are  the  books  upon  which  I  have  mainly  relied. 

Large  use  has  been  made  of  the  Tracts  of  the  Period  as 
catalogued  in  the  Thomason  Tracts;  and  as  treasured  in 
the  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle,  British  Museum,  and 
Bodleian.     Notices  of  these  appear  in  the  work. 

A  rich  storehouse  of  material  will  be  found  in  the 
Quaker  literature  of  the  time,  even  when  the  student  is 
not  dealing  directly  with  the  Quaker  movement.  Fox's 
"  Journal,"  Story's  "  Life,"  Besse's  "  Sufferings  of  the 
Quakers,"  Sewell's  "  History  of  the  Quakers,"  Smith's 
"  Bibliotheca  Anti-Quakeriana,"  "  The  First  Publishers  of 
the  Truth,"  Ferguson's  "  Early  Friends,"  with  many 
other  minor  works  have  been  in  constant  requisition. 
With  reference  to  Besse  and  others  one  has  sometimes 
been  a  little  disquieted  by  serious  date  errors,  but  in  other 
respects  we  may  take  them  as  generally  trustworthy. 


CHAPTER   I. 

Brief  Summary  of  the  Period. 

On  the  29tli  of  May,  1660,  Charles  II.  entered  London 
to  take  possession  of  his  father's  throne.  It  was  the 
King's  birthday,  his  thirtieth,  a  very  happy  coincidence, 
and  the  welcome  extended  to  him  lacked  nothing  in  the 
way  of  cordiality  and  warmth.  Indeed,  his  journej^  from 
Dover,  where  he  landed  on  the  25th,  was  a  triumphal 
march.  Pepys,  one  of  the  Royal  party,  writes  about  his 
reception  in  the  following  terms: — "Infinite  the  crowd 
of  people  and  the  horsemen,  citizens  and  noblemen  of 
all  sorts.  The  Mayor  of  the  town  came  and  gave  him  his 
white  staff e,  the  badge  of  his  place,  which  the  King  did 
give  him  again.  The  Mayor  also  presented  him  from  the 
town  a  very  rich  Bible,  which  he  took  and  said  it  was 
the  thing  that  he  loved  above  all  things  in  the  world.  A 
canopy  was  provided  for  him  to  stand  under,  which  he 
did,  and  talked  awhile  with  General  Monk  and  others, 
and  so  into  a  stately  coach  there  set  for  him,  and  so  away 
through  the  towne  towards  Canterbury,  without  making 
any  stay  at  Dover.  The  shouting  and  joy  expressed  by 
all  is  past  imagination.^"  John  Evelyn,  another  Diarist 
of  that  period,  thus  refers  to  his  entrance  into  London 
on  the  29th:— "With  a  triumph  of  above  20,000  horse 
and  foote,  brandishing  their  swords  and  shouting  with 
inexpressible  joy;  the  wayes  strew'd  with  flowers,  the 
bells  ringing,  the  streetes  hung  with  tapistry,  fountaines 
running  with  wine;  the  Aiaior,  Aldermen  and  all  the 
Companies  in  their  liveries,  chaines  of  gold  and  banners; 
Lords  and  Nobles  clad  in  cloth  of  silver,  gold  and  velvet; 
the  windows  and  balconies  well  set  with  ladies ;  trumpets, 
music,  and  myriads  of  people  flocking,  even  so  far  as  from 

1.  Diary,  edited  by  Lord  Braybrooke  (1890  Ed.),  p.  37. 


2  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Eochester,  so  as  they  were  seven  houres  in  passing  the 
Citty,  even  from  2  in  the  afternoone  till  9  at  night.  I 
stood  in  the  Strand  and  beheld  it,  and  bless'd  God.  And 
all  this  was  don  without  one  drop  of  bloud  shed,  and 
by  that  very  army  which  rebell'd  against  him ;  but  it 
was  the  Lord's  doing,  for  such  a  Eestauration  was  never 
mention'd  in  any  history  antient  or  modern,  since  the 
returne  of  the  Jews  from  the  Babylonish  captivity;  nor 
so  joyfull  a  day  and  so  bright  ever  seene  in  this  Nation, 
this  hapning  when  to  expect  or  effect  it  was  past  all  human 
policy."  1  Addresses  of  welcome  poured  in  from  religious 
bodies  all  over  the  country;  grave  and  reverend  divines 
quite  lost  their  heads  over  the  matter,  and  indulged  in 
language  of  adulation  about  the  restored  Monarch  which 
comported  little  with  the  dignity  of  their  sacred  calling. 
Manchester  was  particularly  forward.  Henry  Newcome 
says  that,  as  early  as  May  6th,  he  prayed  for  the  Xing 
"  by  periphrasis  " ;  and  that  the  Saturday  after  (May  12) 
"  they  resolved  to  proclaim  the  king  in  Manchester,  and 
we  went  first  into  the  church,  and  sung  a  Psalm,  and  after 
I  went  into  the  pulpit,  and  prayed  about  half  an  hour, 
wherein  the  Lord  did  affect  all  the  people,  the  change 
was  so  great."  2  This,  he  informs  us,  was  followed  on 
May  24th  by  "  a  public  day  of  thanksgiving  appointed 
by  authority,"  on  which  day  he  preached  on  2,  Sam.  19.  14. 

Preston,  another  Lancashire  town,  was  equally  forward 
and  equally  enthusiastic.  The  King  was  proclaimed  on 
May  11th,  1660,  and  on  the  24th  of  that  month,  William 
Cole,  Minister,  preached  the  sermon.  George  Larkham 
also,  the  Ejected  Minister  of  Cockermouth,  under  date 
May  21st,  says  : — "  Eex  Carolusthe  Second  was  proclaimed 
at  Cockermouth,  with  the  great  triumphing  of  many  wicked 
men."  ^ 

"  Over  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland,"  says  Masson, 
"  flew  the  news  of  the  King's  triumphal  entry  into  his 
Capital,  and  everywhere  with  the  same  delirium  of  joy. 

1.  Diary,  edited  by  William  Bray,  p.  265  (The  "  Chandos  Library"). 

2.  Autobiography,  vol.  xxvi,  p.  120.     C.  S.   (0.  S.). 

3.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  146. 


The   Restoration  3 

"In  Edinburgh,  Dublin  and  all  considerable  towns  there 
were  proclamations  and  reproclamations,  with  peals  of 
bell-ringing,  bonfires  and  shouting  mobs,  public  feasts 
and  wine  running  from  the  spouts  for  the  general  benefit, 
drinkings  of  his  Majesty's  health  and  of  Monk's,  and 
burnings  of  Oliver  in  effigy,  by  himself  or  with  a  twin 
effigy  of  the  Devil.  For  months  and  months  the  delirium 
was  to  continue  and  even  to  grow;  nor  through  the  whole 
reign  of  Charles  was  there  ever  to  be  an  end  or  even  much 
visible  abatement  of  that  mood  of  popular  adoration 
of  the  monarch,  with  hatred  to  the  memory  of  Oliver 
and  all  his  belongings,  which  ran  through  the  Island 
like  a  sudden  epidemic  in  the  first  year  of  the  Restora- 
tion." 1 

Barely  nine  years  previously,  after  the  disaster  at 
Worcester,  Cromwell's  "  crowning  mercy,"  Charles  had 
escaped  to  the  continent  with  the  utmost  difficulty;  and 
by  a  strange  irony  of  fate,  the  very  country,  which  had 
so  often  opened  its  gates  to  religious  refugees  from 
England,  offered  as^'lum  for  some  while  to  the  exiled 
Monarch.  The  perils  of  his  flight  and  his  narrow 
escapes  from  capture  appear  always  to  have  been  vividly 
in  his  memory;  and,  during  the  return  voyage,  he 
recited  some  of  his  more  striking  experiences  to  his 
sympathizers.  Pepys,  one  of  the  most  impressionable 
of  men,  declares  how  it  made  him  "  ready  to  weep  to 
hear  the  stories  that  he  told  of  his  difficulties  that  he  had 
passed  through,  as  his  travelling  four  days  and  three 
nights  on  foot,  every  step  up  to  his  knees  in  dirt,  with 
nothing  but  a  green  coat  and  pair  of  country  breeches  on, 
and  a  pair  of  country  shoes  that  made  him  so  soro  all  over 
his  feet,  that  he  could  scarce  stirr."  ^  Yet  when  he  came 
back  Charles  found  the  country  so  intoxicated  with  joy 
that  he  laughingly  remarked  that  it  was  his  own  fault 
that  he  had  not  come  back  sooner.  "  I  find  nobody,"  said 
he,  "  who  does  not  tell  me  he  has  always  longed  for  my 
return." 

1.  Life  of  John  Milton,  vol.  vi,  p.  11. 

2,  Diary,  p.   35. 


4  The   Ejected    of    1662 

What  had  led  to  this  swift  and  sweeping  change?  It 
is  usual  to  speak  of  it  as  the  "  E-estoration,"  meaning  by 
the  term  the  return  of  the  King  to  his  father's  throne; 
but,  roughly  speaking,  it  may  also  be  regarded  as  a 
return  to  the  old  order  of  things,  which  had  been 
disturbed  by  the  advent  of  Cromwell  and  the  Common- 
wealth. Only  roughly,  and  indeed,  very  roughly  so.  It 
is  never  possible  for  either  an  individual  or  a  nation  to 
get  quite  back  to  a  status  quo  ante;  and  it  is  certain 
that  the  throne  which  Charles  II.  ascended  was  very 
different  from  that  which  Charles  I.  left  for  the  scaffold. 
To  speak  of  the  Puritan  Kevolution  as  a  failure  is  to 
indicate  ignorance  of  the  real  tendencies  of  things :  the 
failure  was  only  seeming.  Cromwell,  Hampden,  Pym  and 
others  of  their  type,  had  not  lived  in  vain ;  the  Revolution 
and  Restoration  were  distinct  stages  in  the  political  and 
religious  progress  of  the  nation.  The  popular  conception 
may,  however,  for  the  moment  be  admitted;  and  the 
question  arises  as  to  the  cause  of  this  sudden  revulsion  of 
feeling,  this  wild  enthusiasm  for  the  Kingship  and  the 
man,  whose  father  had  been  executed  eleven  years 
previously,  and  who  himself  had  escaped  with  life  only 
after  the  most  perilous  adventures.  The  answer  is  not 
single. 

In  the  first  place,  Charles  was  the  son  of  his  father, 
who  in  the  public  eye  had  always  been  much  of  a  martyr. 
The  execution  of  the  King  had  never  been  popular. 
Whether  in  the  interests  of  the  nation  it  was  right  or 
wrong,  necessary  or  otherwise,  is  a  question  which  has 
always  divided  men ;  and  much  may  be  urged  on  either 
side.  To  maintain  that  a  King,  merely  because  he  is  a 
King,  is  not  to  be  held  amenable  to  law  in  all  its  forms, 
sanctions  and  penalties  would  surely  be  a  most  dangerous 
doctrine  to  proclaim.  In  the  ultimate  it  is  the  doctrine 
of  "  the  Divine  Right "  of  Kings  to  "  govern  wrong," 
against  which  the  17th  Century  waged  its  supreme 
conflicts.  But,  whatever  vicM^  be  taken  of  this  purely 
academic  question,  the  execution  of  the  King  had  never 
caught  on  with  the  public.     When  his  head  fell  in  front 


Cromwell's   Rule  5 

of  Whitehall  the  callous  executioner  exclaimed :  — 
"  Behold  the  head  of  a  traitor " ;  but  the  great  crowd 
groaned  with  horror  and  pity.  The  faults  of  the  unhappy 
Monjirch  were  forgotten  in  his  tragic  death;  his  pious 
devotions  impressed  the  awe  stricken  onlookers  with  his 
religious  character;  he  became  enshrined  in  their  thought 
as  a  martyr  for  his  country  and  his  Church;  and  his 
name  was  ever  held  in  sacred  memory  by  his  followers. 
The  opponents  of  Monarchy  risked  much  by  that  act;  the 
monner  of  his  father's  death  was  the  son's  most  valuable 
asset. 

Then  the  nation  was  still  Royalist  at  heart.  It  had 
indeed  been  strange  if  it  had  been  otherwise.  Behind  it 
were  centuries  of  training  in  this  respect;  long  lines  of 
Kings  and  Queens ;  and  nations  cannot  cast  off  old  habits, 
and  completely  transform  their  character  and  life  in  the 
space  of  a  few  months,  any  more  than  individuals.  At 
any  rate  we  cannot.  We  are  essentially  a  conservative 
people;  we  move  slowly.  Our  Revolutions  are  Evohitions, 
frequently  requiring  long  years  to  mature;  and  it  was 
because  the  Commonwealth  with  its  swiftly  changing 
scenes,  its  drastic  legislation,  and  sudden  overthrow  of 
policies  and  institutions  hoary  with  age,  was  in  sheer 
conflict  with  this  great  law,  which  has  been  operative  in 
all  our  history,  that  its  own  overthrow  was  so  easily  accom- 
plished. 

Further,  Cromwell's  rule,  from  its  very  nature,  readily 
exposed  itself  to  criticism.  It  was  a  "tyranny"  in  the 
old  Greek  sense  of  the  word ;  a  "  usurpation,"  as  many  are 
still  fond  of  calling  it,  violating  constitutional  usage  and 
law  at  almost  every  point;  and,  while  people  condoned 
frequent  breaches  of  Constitutionalism  in  their  Kings, 
they  were  not  prepared  to  do  so  in  the  case  of  Cromwell, 
whom  they  regarded  as  a  private  individual,  raised  by 
force  of  circumstances  to  a  position  of  absolute  power  in 
their  midst.  His  "  tyranny  "  was  in  many  respects  most 
beneficent ;  it  aimed  at  the  repression  of  vice,  the  purifica- 
tion of  religion  and  the  establishment  of  freedom.  In  his 
speech  to  the  House  of  Commons,  on  May  8th,  1657,  in 


6  The   Ejected   of    1662 

which   he   finally   declined   the   title   of   King,   Cromwell 

says  :  — 

I  have  the  best  I  can,  resolved  the  whole  Business  in  my  thoughts  : 
and  I  have  said  so  much  already  in  testimony  to  the  whole,  I  think 
I  shall  not  need  to  repeat  what  I  have  said.  I  think  it  is  an  "  Act  of  " 
Government  which,  in  the  aims  of  it,  seeks  the  Settling  of  the  nation 
on  a  good  foot,  in  relation  to  Civil  Eights  and  Liberties,  which  are 
the  Eights  of  the  nation.  And  I  hope  I  shall  never  be  found  one  of 
them  that  go  about  to  rob  the  nation  of  those  Eights;  but  "always" 
to  serve  it  what  I  can  to  the  attaining  of  them.  It  has  also  been 
exceedingly  well  provided  there  for  the  safety  and  security  of  honest 
men  in  that  great  natural  and  religious  liberty,  which  is  Liberty  of 
Conscience.  These  are  the  Great  Fundamentals ;  and  I  must  bear  my 
testimony  to  them ;  as  I  have  done  and  shall  do  still,  so  long  as  God 
lets  me  live  in  this  world  :  That  the  intentions  and  the  things  are 
very  honourable  and  honest  and  the  product  worthy  of  a  Parliament.' 

No  serious  student  will  question  that  statement  as  an  honest 
description  of  the  aims  and  ideals  of  that  distinguished  man. 
The  charges  of  simulation  and  hypocrisy,  once  so  freely 
levelled  at  him,  are  now  laid  aside  by  reputable  writers. 
Whatever  view  may  be  taken  of  Cromwell,  there  is  no 
disposition  to  deny  that  he  meant  well,  and  that  his  policy 
made  for  national  righteousness.  Even  good  E-ichard 
Baxter,  who  was  no  friend  of  the  Protector,  whose  judg- 
ments respecting  his  character  and  actions  often  impress 
us  as  singularly  unworthy,  and  who  permitted  himself  to 
indulge  in  language  about  him  common  in  the  lips  of  the 
roystering  Cavalier  of  the  day,  bears  frequent  testimony 
to  the  beneficence  of  his  rule.  Referring  to  Cromwell's 
"  Triers  "  he  says  :  — 

Though  their  authority  was  null  .  .  .  yet  to  give  them  their  due, 
they  did  abundance  of  good  to  the  Church  :  They  saved  many  a 
Congregation  from  ignorant,  ungodly  drunken  Teachers ;  that  sort  of 
men  that  intended  no  more  in  the  Ministry  than  to  say  a  sermon  as 
Eeaders  say  their  Common  Prayers,  and  so  patch  up  a  few  good  words 
together  to  talk  the  People  asleep  with  on  Sunday;  and  the  rest  of 
the  week  go  wilh  them  to  the  Alehouse,  and  harden  them  in  sin  :  And 

1.   Cromwell's  Letters,  etc.,  by  Carlyle  (Chapman  &  Hall),  vol.  v,  pp. 
69,  70. 


National   Chaos  7 

that  sort  of  Ministers  that  either  preacht  against  a  holy  life  or  preacht 
as  Men  that  never  were  acquainted  with  it;  all  those  that  used  the 
ministry  but  as  a  Common  Trade  to  live  by,  and  were  never  likely  to 
convert  a  s^oul ;  all  these  they  usually  rejected ,  and  in  their  stead 
admitted  of  any  that  were  serious  preachers,  and  lived  a  godly  Life  of 
what  tollerable  Opinion  soever  they  were.  So  that  though  they  were 
many  of  them  somewhat  partial  for  the  Independents,  Separatist, 
Fifth-Monarchy-men  and  Anabaptists,  and  against  the  Prelatists  and 
Arminians,  yet  so  great  was  the  benefit  above  the  hurt,  which  they 
brought  to  the  Church,  that  many  thousands  of  Souls  blest  God  for 
the  faithful  Ministers  whom  they  let  in,  and  grieved  when  the 
Prelatists  afterwards  cast  them  out  again.' 

Nor  was  it  alone  in  the  domain  of  religion  that  the  reform- 
ing spirit  of  the  Cromwellian  regime  made  its  presence 
and  power  felt,  it  was  the  same  in  every  department  of 
national  life ;  and,  as  might  be  expected,  one  chief  result 
was  the  deep  and  persistent  hatred  of  all  the  forces  of 
vested  interest,  privilege,  monopoly,  and  vice.  Some 
time,  therefore,  before  his  death,  there  were  distinct  signs 
of  considerable  national  unrest,  and  Cromwell  went  about 
haunted  with  the  feeling  that  his  life  was  in  constant 
jeopardy.  What  would  have  happened  if  he  had  lived 
another  dozen  years,  or  if  his  successor  had  been  as  strong 
and  capable  as  himself,  it  is  not  easy  to  say;  but  the 
moment  Richard  Cromwell  stepped  into  the  vacancy, 
which  his  father's  death  had  created,  the  return  of  the 
Monarchy  was  assured.  The  event  produced  chaos 
everywhere.  The  leaderless  Army,  Avhich  had  fought 
for  the  liberties  of  England,  became  a  serious  menace 
to  law  and  order.  Invincible  on  scores  of  battlefields 
it  was  rent  asunder  by  the  ambitions  and  intrigues  of  its 
officers.  It  was  not  so  much  before,  as  after,  Cromwell's 
death  that  events  ripened  quickly  in  favour  of  Royalist 
interests ;  the  confusion  and  anarchy  followed,  rather  than 
preceded  it;  and,  sick  at  heart  because  of  the  uncertainty 
and  hopelessness  of  the  position,  the  nation  turned  to  the 
King  for  salvation. 

Everything,  therefore,  tends  to  emphasize  the  greatness 
of  the  man,  who  for  a  decade  had  ruled  the  destinies  of 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.  72. 


8  The   Ejected   of   1662 

England  with  a  strength  and  justness  which  compelled 
the  respect,  or  fear,  of  men  everywhere,  and  whose  death 
left  open  the  way  for  Charles  II.  to  ascend  the  throne. 
The  fall  of  the  Commonwealth  was  not  evidence  of  Crom- 
well's weakness,  but  rather  of  his  strength :  when  the 
great  guiding  genius  was  gone  the  debacle  immediately 
followed. 

The  position  to  which  the  King  was  invited,  and  to 
which  he  came  with  such  lightness  of  heart,  was  no 
sinecure.  Had  he  been  as  strong  as  he  was  weak,  as  wise 
as  he  was  foolish,  as  serious  as  he  was  flippant,  and  as 
energetic  as  he  was  indolent,  he  might  well  have  taken 
the  way  to  it  with  considerable  hesitancy  and  fear.  The 
stupendous  tasks  which  awaited  him  called  for  the  highest 
statesmanship  and  the  most  consecrated  purpose.  The 
religious  difficulty  was  the  main  one;  and  the  religious 
difficulty  is  always  the  greatest  which  a  State  is  called 
upon  to  meet.  That  was  the  rock  upon  which  his  father 
before,  and  his  brother  after  him,  made  shipwreck. 

On  the  4th  of  April,  1660,  Charles  signed  his  famous 
Declaration  at  Breda,  which,  among  other  things,  con- 
tained the  following :  — 

And  because  the  passion  and  uncharitableness  of  the  times  have 
produced  several  opinions  in  religion,  by  which  men  are  engaged  in 
parties  and  animosities  against  each  other ;  which,  when  they  shall 
hereafter  unite  in  a  freedom  of  conversation,  will  be  composed,  or 
better  understood ;  we  do  declare  a  liberty  to  tender  consciences ;  and 
that  no  man  shall  be  disquieted,  or  called  in  question,  for  differences 
of  opinion  in  matters  of  religion  which  do  not  disturb  the  peace  of  the 
kingdom;  and  that  we  shall  be  ready  to  consent  to  such  an  act  of 
parliament,  as,  upon  mature  deliberation,  shall  be  offered  to  us  for 
the  full  granting  that  indulgence/ 

That  passage  suggests  where  the  King's  main  difficulties 
lay.  There  were  many  religious  consciences,  and  some  of 
them  were  "  tender  "  in  the  extreme.  That  few  discor- 
dant voices   were   heard   among   the   shouts   of   welcome, 

1.   Clarendon,  vol.  vii,  p.  506. 


Roman   Catholicism  9 

which  attended  the  King  during  his  triumphal  progress 
from  Dover  to  London,  does  not  argue  a  nation  united 
religiously;  on  the  contrary  it  was  sharply  divided.  We 
have  the  singular  paradox  of  a  people  deeply  devoted  to 
the  Monarchical  principle  in  politics,  while  in  religion 
Individualism  was  largely  dominant.  It  was  pre- 
eminently the  birth  period  of  the  Sects. 

It  will  assist  to  a  better  understanding  of  the  situation, 
as  well  as  prevent  much  confusion  afterwards,  if  we  look 
briefly  at  the  main  religious  divisions,  and  endeavour  to 
ascertain  the  ideas  which  the  various  denominational 
names  in  use  connoted.  It  should  be  noted  that  the 
emphasis  is  upon  the  word  "  main  "  :  for  it  is  quite  unne- 
cessary for  the  purpose  of  this  work  to  deal  with  the  minor 
religious  Sects,  many  of  which  barely  survived  the  Century 
in  which  they  were  born ;  mere  sporadic  movements 
affecting  the  general  volume  of  religious  life  only  to  a 
very  limited  extent. 

Take  first  the  Roman  Catholics,  whose  religious  position 
is  well  known.  Representatives  of  the  faith  of  pre- 
Reformation  times,  since  the  days  of  Mary  they  had  been 
more  or  less  under  a  cloud.  If,  as  is  frequently  alleged, 
the  Stuart  Kings  sympathized  with  them  it  was  only 
secretly.  Repressive  legislation  was  aimed  directly  at 
them ;  and  often,  when  tolerant  and  liberalising  enact- 
ments were  passed,  they  were  excluded  from  their  benefits. 
The  cruel  reign  of  the  great  Catholic  Queen  of  England 
had  burnt  itself  into  the  memory  of  the  nation  beyond  the 
possibility  of  obliteration.  It  became  fiercely  Protestant; 
and  to  be  known  as'a  "  papista  "  was  quite  sufficient  to  put 
a  person  outside  the  protection  of  the  law.  Doubtless 
many  Roman  Catholics  aggravated  the  situation  by  their 
various  "plots,"  aiming  in  them  at  the  re-establishment  of 
their  religion  by  force;  and  wandering  Jesuit  Priests 
assisted  to  keep  alive  and  strengthen  the  popular  suspicion 
and  alarm.  Hence  their  lot  was  almost  invariably  one  of 
considerable  hardship.  Even  Cromwell's  "  tolerant  in- 
stincts," which  led  him  to  give  relief  even  to  Jews,  could 
not  protect  Roman  Catholics  against  a  legislation  which 


lo  The   Ejected   of   1662 

bore  heavily  upon  them.^  Their  numbers  were  not  large, 
and  in  the  Civil  War  they  were  generally  on  the  Royalist 
side ;  hence  they  welcomed  Charles's  return  in  the  belief 
that  it  would  be  followed  by  easier  conditions  for  them- 
selves. 

Next  we  have  the  Episcopal  party.  Possessors  of  the 
disinherited  Roman  Catholic  Church,  they  had  in  turn 
been  disinherited  when  Presbyterianism  was  established, 
and  during  the  Cromwellian  rule.  The  two  main  principles 
of  Episcopacy,  at  least,  so  far  as  this  country  is  concerned, 
were  then,  as  they  are  now,  rule  by  Bishops  and  alliance 
with  the  State.  Nor  was  this  religious  body  nearly  so 
homogeneous  as  the  older  one  which  it  had  replaced. 
Within  the  Church  was  a  powerful  section  which  deplored 
the  abuses  of  the  Church,  sought  the  purification  of  its 
life,  the  simplification  of  its  ritual,  and  a  considerable 
restriction  of  Episcopal  rule.  "  Puritan  "  was  the  name 
given  to  this  party,  and  it  drew  to  itself  the  more  cultured 
and  spiritually  minded  of  both  Clergy  and  laity  within 
the  Church.  It  is  necessary  to  be  quite  clear  as  to  the 
significance  of  this  term  :  for  few  religious  names  have 
been  more  misunderstood,  and,  in  consequence,  the 
religious  history  of  the  country  has  often  been  greatly 
confused.  Writers  have  frequently  identified  it  with 
"  Separatism,"  the  name  given  to  the  Brownists,  who 
subsequently  came  to  be  known  as  "  Independents  "  or 
"  Congregationalists  " ;  but  the  Puritans  were  not  always 
Separatists,  though  the  Separatists  were  always  Puritans. 
Others  again  have  made  it  synonymous  with  "  Presby- 
terian " ;  but  it  is  a  very  much  larger  and  more  compre- 
hensive term  than  either.  The  truth  is  that  "  Puritan  " 
included  the  reform  party  in  the  Episcopal  Church,  the 
Presbyterians,  the  Independents,  and,  with  the  exception 
of  Roman  Catholics,  the  general  body  of  Nonconformists. 
The  Episcopal  party,  both  Puritan  and  other,  were 
Royalists  almost  to  a  man  :   they  furnished  the  Cavaliers 

1.  Gardiner's  History  of  the  Commonweallh  and  Protectorate,  vol.  iv, 
p.  18. 


Episcopalianism  1 1 

of  the  war,  and  they  never  ceased  to  endeavour  after  the 
King's  return.  They  were  firm  in  the  conviction  that  his 
restoration  would  be  rich  in  results  for  themselves ;  in  par- 
ticular, that  it  would  mean  the  reinstatement  of  their 
Church  in  its  former  position  of  power;  and  in  this  their 
faith  was  not  ill  founded.  With  Charles  II.  Episcopacy 
came  back.  The  House  of  Lords,  abolished  in  1649, 
resumed  its  place  in  the  Constitution;  the  Bishops,  who 
had  fallen  from  power  with  the  abolition  of  Episcopacy  in 
1646,^  returned  to  their  seats  of  authority;  and  the  Clergy 
who  had  been  sequestered  during  the  "  usurpation," 
reappeared  in  considerable  numbers  to  demand  restitution 
of  their  former  rights.  The  State  Papers  have  a  very 
significant  story  to  tell  in  this  respect.  Clergy  and  laity 
alike  clamoured  for  recognition  and  reward,  because  of 
something  done  or  suffered,  either  by  themselves  or  by 
some  relative. 

Reference  has  already  been  made  to  the  Independents, 
who  were  particularly  rich  in  names.  In  the  early  days 
of  Elizabeth  they  were  "  Brownists,"  followers,  that  is, 
of  Eobert  Browne,  a  Clergyman,  who  from  the  simple 
study  of  the  Sacred  Scriptures,  was  led  to  the  main 
Congregational  positions;  "  Barrowists,"  a  little  later, 
from  Henry  Barrowe,  who  with  John  Penry  and  John 
Greenwood,  was  executed  for  his  principles  in  the  early 
summer  of  1593 ;  "  »Separatists,"  about  the  same  time 
and  later,  because  they  held  the  twin  doctrines  of 
separation  from  a  corrupt  Church  and  separation  from  a 
worldly  State ;  and  people  of  the  "  Congregational  way," 
because  they  maintained  the  competence  of  each  Congre- 
gation of  Christians  to  rule  itself  in  all  spiritual  things. 
The  Independent  or  Congregational  position  is  clearly 
and  fully  stated  in  the  Savoy  Declaration  of  October  12th, 

1.  The  Journal  of  the  House  of  Commons  under  date  November  24, 
1646,  says  : — "  Whereas  amongst  other  Things  in  the  late  Ordinance  of  9 
Octobris,  1646,  for  the  abolishing  of  Archbishops  and  Bishops  within 
the  Kingdom  of  England,  and  Dominion  of  Wales,  and  for  settling  of 
their  Lands  and  Possessions  upon  Trustees  for  the  use  of  the  Common- 
wealth," etc.     (Vol.  iv,  p.  728.) 


12  The   Ejected   of  1662 

1658,  which  may  well  be  called  the  "  Charter  of  Congre- 
gationalism." It  is  a  truly  remarkable  document, 
especially  for  the  age  in  which  it  was  produced,  and 
represents  with  almost  perfect  accuracy  the  Congrega- 
tional position  of  to  day.  The  work  of  some  two 
hundred  delegates,  the  majority  being  laymen,  represent- 
ing a  hundred  and  twenty  Churches,  it  took  only  eleven 
days  to  complete,  "  part  of  which  also  was  spent  by 
some  of  us  in  prayer,  others  in  consulting,  and  in  the  end 
all  agreeing."  ^  Among  those  present  were  Thomas  Jollie 
of  Altham,  subsequently  Wymondhouses,  Lancashire; 
and  George  Larkham  of  Cockermouth.  Jollie  "  preacht 
before  them  [the  Assembly]  with  acceptance  and  found 
much  of  God's  presence  in  the  meeting  and  of  His  grace 
in  the  management  of  matters  from  first  to  last."  ^ 
George  Larkham,  of  whom  "  the  Church  did  make 
choice  to  go  there  as  their  Messenger,"  began  his  journey 
Sept.  the  20th,  1658.3 

The  Declaration  was  not  issued  as  a  creed  for  the 
binding  of  others;  it  was,  as  its  name  indicates, 
simply  declaratory  of  the  things  most  surely  believed 
by  those,  who  were  of  the  Congregational  way. 
"  Such  a  transaction,"  write  the  authors  in  their  Preface, 
"  is  to  be  looked  upon  but  as  a  meet  or  fit  medium  or 
means  whereby  to  express  that  their  '  common  faith  and 
salvation ' ;  and  in  no  way  to  be  made  use  of  as  an 
imposition  upon  any.  Whatever  is  of  force  or  constraint 
in  matters  of  this  nature,  causeth  them  to  degenerate 
from  the  name  and  nature  of  Confessions ;  and  turns  them, 
from  being  Confessions  of  Faith,  into  exactions  and 
impositions  of  faith."  *  The  following  paragraphs  deal 
with  the  question  of  polity:  — 

To  each  of  these  churches  thus  gathered  according  unto  his  mind 
declared  in  his  Word  He  hath  given  all  that  power  and  authority 
which  is  any  way  needful  for  their  carrying  on  that  order  in  worship 
and  discipline   which   he   hath  instituted    for   them   to  observe,   with 

1.  Hanbury,  vol.  iii,  p.  522. 

2.  Jolly's  Note  Book.     C.S.  (N.S.),  vol.  xxxiii,  p.  129. 

3.  MS.  Min.  Bk.,  Cock.  Ch. 

4.  Hanbury,  vol.  iii,  p.  517. 


Independency  i 3 

commands  and  rules  for  the  due  and  right  exerting  and  executing  of 
that  power. 

These  particular  churches  thus  appointed  by  the  authority  of 
Christ,  and  intrusted  with  Power  from  Him  for  the  ends  before 
expressed,  are  each  of  them  as  unto  those  ends  the  seat  of  that  power 
which  he  is  pleased  to  communicate  to  his  saints  or  subjects  in  this 
world,  so  that  as  such  they  receive  it  immediately  from  Himself. 

As  all  churches  and  all  the  members  of  them,  are  bound  to  pray 
continually  for  the  good,  or  prosperity,  of  all  the  churches  of  Christ 
in  all  places,  and  upon  all  occasions  to  further  it, — every  one,  within 
the  bounds  of  their  places  and  callings,  in  the  exercise  of  their  gifts 
and  graces, — so  the  churches  themselves,  when  planted  by  the  provi- 
dence of  God  so  as  they  may  have  opportunity  and  advantage  for  it, 
ought  to  hold  communion  amongst  themselves  for  their  peace,  increase 
of  love  and  mutual  edification. 

In  cases  of  difficulties  or  differences,  either  in  point  of  doctrine  or 
in  administrations,  wherein  either  the  churches  in  general  are  con- 
cerned or  any  one  church,  in  their  (or  her)  peace,  union  and  edificaticm ; 
or  any  member  or  members  of  any  church  are  injured  in  or  by  any 
proceeding  in  censures  not  agreeable  to  truth  and  order ;  it  is 
according  to  the  mind  of  Christ  that  many  churches  holding  com- 
munion together  do  by  their  messengers  meet  in  a  synod  or  council,  to 
consider  and  give  their  advice  in  or  about  that  matter  in  difference,  to 
be  reported  to  all  the  churches  concerned ;  howbeit,  these  synods  so 
assembled  are  not  intrusted  with  any  church-power  properly  so  called, 
or  with  any  jurisdiction  over  the  churches  themselves,  to  exercise  any 
censures  either  over  any  churches  or  persons,  or  to  impose  their 
determinations  on  the  churches  or  officers. 

Besides  these  occasional  synods  or  councils,  there  are  not  instituted 
by  Christ  any  stated  synods  in  a  fixed  combination  of  churches  or  their 
officers,  in  lesser  or  greater  assemblies ;  nor  are  there  any  synods 
appointed  by  Christ  in  a  way  of  subordination  to  one  another.' 

One  thin^  is  made  clear  by  those  passages,  viz.,  that, 
while  the  authors  of  the  Savoy  Declaration  never  wavered 
in  their  insistence  uipon  the  perfectly  autonomous 
character  of  each  Church,  they  saw  nothing  inconsistent 
therein  with  the  principle  of  association  for  mutual 
counsel,  advice  and  help.  The  rigid  Independency, 
therefore,  of  later  years,  which  was  entirely  self-centred, 
and  from  which  modem  Congregationalism  is  emancipating 
itself,  was  a  serious  departure  from  the  Independency  of 

1.  Hanbury,  vol.  iii,  pp.  545,  548. 


14  The   Ejected   of  1662 

tlie  Commonwealtli.  It  is  surely  a  little  significant  in 
this  direction  that  the  preference  of  the  men  of  those  days 
was  for  the  term  "  Congregational "  rather  than 
"  Independent."  The  Savoy  Declaration  was  "  A 
Declaration  of  the  Eaith  and  Order  owned  and  practised 
in  the  Congregational  Churches  in  England."  ^ 

Some  further  reason  for  this  preference  may  be  found 
in  the  fact  that  the  term  "  Independent "  was  used  less 
precisely  than  the  other.  "  Historically,"  says  Dr.  Dale, 
"  the  two  terms  have  been  used  interchangeably.  For  the 
last  two  hundred  years  most  '  Independents  '  have  been 
Congregationalists — or,  at  least,  the  Churches  describing 
themselves  as  '  Independent '  Churches  have  preserved  the 
traditions  of  the  Congregational  polity.  But  under  the 
Commonwealth  and  the  Protectorate  many  Congrega- 
tionalists objected  to  be  described  as  Independents;  and 
there  were  many  Independents  who  were  not  Congrega- 
tionalists. In  a  word  the  '  Independents,'  sometimes 
called  '  political  Independents,'  were  agreed  on  the  one 
point  that  every  separate  congregation  should  be  free  from 
all  external  ecclesiastical  control,  and  that  the  power  of 
the  civil  magistrate  should  be  altogether  withdrawn 
from  the  province  of  religion  or  should  be  subjected  to 
limitations  that  would  leave  '  tolerated '  congregations  a 
very  large  freedom ;  the  '  Congregationalists '  were  not 
only  agreed  in  asserting  the  independence  of  every 
separate  congregation  but  held  a  very  definite  theory  on 
the  manner  in  which  every  separate  congregation 
claiming  to  be  a  Christian  Church  ought  to  be  organised."  2 
Dr.  Dale  is  correct  as  to  the  fact  of  difference,  but  he  is  a 
little  too  dogmatic  in  his  analysis  of  the  difference.  The 
truth  is  that,  like  some  other  religious  names,  "  Inde- 
pendent "  was  used  with  considerable  laxity ;  and  within 
it  were  included  many  Congregationalists,  not  a  few 
Anabaptists,  and  others  of  the  minor  Sects. 

It  will,  of  course,  be  quite  obvious  that  the  Independent 
or  Congregational  position  was  entirely  at  variance  with 

1.   Hanbury  vol.  iii,  p.  517. 

'2.   Hist.  Eng.  Cong.,  pp.  375,  376. 


Presby  terianism  1 5 

any  form  of  Episcopacy;  and,  though  considerable  differ- 
ences obtained  among  the  men  who  followed  this  "  way," 
both  in  reference  to  doctrine  and  polity,  the  relation  of 
the  Church  to  the  State,  and  the  Monarchy,  generally 
they  were  averse  to  the  King's  return.  Cromwell,  who 
himself  belonged  to  the  Independents,  found  in  them 
his  chief  strength  and  support.  His  famous  Ironsides 
were  drawn  largely  from  that  source;  and,  after  Dunbar 
and  Worcester,  he  and  the  Independents  became  supreme. 
It  is  unnecessary  to  deal  with  the  Anabaptists;  and 
the  other  minor  Sects  may  be  dismissed ;  while  an  account 
of  the  Quaker  movement  is  reserved  for  the  succeeding 
Chapter. 

One  further  name,  Presbyterian,  calls  for  attention ; 
and  it  has  been  reserved  for  the  end  because  it  deserves 
much  fuller  treatment  than  has  been  devoted  to  the  others. 
It  will  help  us  considerably  if  we  can  get  an  accurate  idea 
of  the  real  intent  and  content  of  the  name.  Unfortu- 
nately, however,  even  Presbyterian  writers  themselves  are 
much  less  explicit  in  relation  to  the  matter  than  ought  to 
be  the  case.  Dr.  Drysdale  gives  the  following  as  "  the 
three  leading  features"  of  Presbyterianism  :  — 

1.  The  parity  of  preaching  Pastors  or  Presbyters,  who  are  all  the 
presiding  Bishops  of  the  Church,  with  no  higher  order  over  them  by 
divine  right.  Bishops  and  Presbyters  it  holds  to  be  of  the  same 
order ;  and  no  one  can  preside  over  them  by  any  other  tenure  than  as 
Primus  inter  pares,  or  first  among  equals.  In  this  body  or  Council  of 
Presbyter-bishops  is  lodged  by  apostolic  institution  the  right  and 
power  to  obtain  other  Presbyter-bishops. 

2-  Church  Government  and  administration  to  be  in  the  hands  of  a 
body,  or  council,  or  senate  of  elders  and  office-bearers.  We  never 
read  but  of  bishops  or  elders,  and  deacons  in  every  Church  (the 
bishops  or  elders  always  in  the  plural  as  well  as  the  deacons) ;  election 
to  office  being  in  the  hands  of  the  people,  but  Cliurch  rule  for 
doctrinal,  disciplinary,  and  financial  purposes,  being  in  the  hands  of 
the  respective  classes  of  office  bearers. 

3.  Organic  Union,  or  the  right,  duty,  and  privilege  of  different 
Churches  or  bodies  of  the  faithful  to  associate  together  in  organic 
union,  so  as  to  cultivate  and  manifest  an  esprit  de  corps  or  interest  in 
the  separate  Churches'  well  being  at  large  and  secure  the  benefits  of 
the  union  that  is  strength.* 

1.  Drysdale,  pp.  6,  7. 


1 6  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  case  is  not  put  very  clearly,  because  there  is  little 
in  the  passage  which  is  really  distinctive  of  Presbyte- 
rianism.  At  any  rate,  Congregationalism,  which  is  sup- 
posed to  be  its  opposite,  could  use  the  language  as 
descriptive  of  itself  with  very  slight  modification.  Dr. 
Drysdale  is  a  little  more  explicit  when  he  adds  :  — 

Organic  Union  is  to  be  retained  by  means  of  a  Synod  or  Common 
Council  of  the  Elders.  It  is  in  brotherly  Council,  not  in  autocratic 
jurisdiction,  Presbyterianism  finds  the  key  of  both  liberty  and  order 
in  the  Church.  Presbyterianism  proceeds  not  on  any  monarchical 
principle  as  in  Diocesan  Episcopacy,  nor  on  any  merely  associative  or 
co-ordinative  principle  as  in  Congregationalism,  but  on  the  representa- 
tive or  subordinative  principle  embodying  itself  in  Presbyteries, 
Classes  and  Synods,  Assemblies,  or  vyhatever  else  such  gatherings  for 
counsel  or  appeal  may  be  called.' 

The  central  principle  of  the  system,  the  principle,  at 
least,  which  most  clearly  distinguishes  it  from  Congrega- 
tionalism, is  really  suggested  in  the  last  few  words  of  that 
passage.  The  individual  Christian  Society  is  more  or  less 
subject  to  pressure  from  this  outside  authority  represented 
by  Presbytery,  Synod  and  Assembly,  to  which  "  appeal  " 
may  be  made.  Mr.  Black  greatly  depreciates  this  prin- 
ciple. "  The  rule  of  the  eldership  or  Presbyterate  over 
the  congregation,"  he  declares  to  be  of  the  essence  of 
Presbyterianism,  but  "  the  organisation  of  Presbyteries 
and  Synods  "  is  not.^  The  same  tendency  appears  in  the 
latest  writer  on  this  subject.  "  Presbyterianism,"  says 
Mr.  Macphail,  "  might  so  far  as  the  word  goes  mean  the 
rule  of  one  Presbyter,  but  it  is  of  the  essence  of  the 
system  that  the  rule  is  always  exercised  by  a  Presbytery 
or  Council  of  Elders."  ^  This,  of  course,  is  the  Congre- 
gational Presbytery,  Mr.  Black's  "  Presbyterate,"  which 
he  declares  to  be  of  the  "essence  of  Presbyterianism." 
Mr.    Macphail,    however,    gives    among    "the    distinctive 

1.  Drysdale,  p.  7. 

2.  "Presbyterianism  in  England  in  the  18th  and  19th  Centuries,"  by  the 
Rev.  John  Black,  pp.  13,  14 ;  vide  "  An  English  Ulster,"  by  the  Rev.  A. 
Mearns,  p.  3. 

3.  Macphail,  p.  128. 


Presbyterianism  1 7 

features  of  Presbyterianism"  "the  Organic  Unity  of  the 
Church,"  in  relation  to  which  he  says :  — 

A  country  is  divided  into  so  many  districts,  in  each  of  which  all 
the  congregations,  the  strong  and  the  weak,  are  bound  together  under 
the  common  administration  of  the  District  Presbytery,  once  known  as 
the  Classis,  but  now  generally  called  simpliciter  "  The  Presbytery," 
which  is  composed  of  the  minister  and  one  or  more  Elders,  elected  by 
the  Session  of  each  congregation  within  the  bounds.  An  appeal  lies 
from  all  decisions  of  a  Session  to  the  Presbytery.  The  ministers  are 
elected  by  their  respective  congregations,  but  they  hold  office  by 
authority  of  the  Presbytery,  and  are  accountable  to  the  Presbytery 
alone  for  the  discharge  of  their  duties.  Similarly  the  Presbyteries 
are  grouped  together  to  form  Synods.  In  some  cases,  e  g.,  in  the 
Presbyterian  Church  of  England,  the  Synod  embraces  all  the  Pres- 
byteries and  is  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Church,  being  generally 
composed  of  all  the  ministers  and  a  representative  Elder  from  each 
congregation  throughout  the  Church.  Where  there  are  more  Synods 
than  one,  as  in  the  Scottish  Churches,  they  combine  to  form  the 
General  Assembly,  which  in  most  cases  consists  of  the  ministers  and 
representative  Elders  of  a  certain  proportion — a  half  or  a  third  or  a 
fourth — of  the  congregations  in  each  Presbytery  in  rotation.^ 

It  is  difficult  to  avoid  the  feeling  that  it  is  trifling  with 
the  subject  to  thus  emphasize  this  "  essence  "  of  the  "  Pres- 
byterian idea,"  and  belittle  the  elaborate  machinery  of 
Presbytery,  Synod  and  Assembly,  through  which  alone 
this  exterior  "authority"  is  exercised.  The  "essence"  of 
the  "  Congregational  idea "  is  autonomousness ;  each  con- 
gregation of  believers  is  self  contained.  Within  the 
range  of  that  idea  there  is  abundant  scope  for  diversity  in 
relation  to  methods  of  work,  machinery  of  government, 
ordination  of  Ministers,  the  amount  of  authority  to  be 
delegated  to  officers,  etc.  The  "essence"  of  the  "Presby- 
terian idea,"  that  which  presbytrates  it,  is  rule  by  Presby- 
tery, not  as  represented  merely  by  the  local  Church 
Session,  but  by  the  Presbytery  of  a  district,  by  Synod, 
Classis,  and  Assembly.  It  is  this  which  really  differen- 
tiates it  from  Congregationalism.  "  The  two  moot  points 
on  which  Presbyterian  and  Independent  had  been  at  war 
since  1644,"  says  Dr.  Shaw,  "were  ordination  of  the  pastor 

1.  Macphail,  pp.  130,   131. 
C 


iB  The   Ejected   of  1662 

and  the  exercise  of  exterior  authority  over  a  single 
congregation."^  Doubtless  in  relation  to  ordination 
differences  existed,  but  they  were  not  the  things  which 
really  divided  the  two  bodies  :  for,  as  already  intimated, 
among  Congregationalists  themselves  opinions  have  always 
varied  considerably  as  to  the  value  of  ordination,  its 
obligation  and  mode.  The  root  difference  is  the  second  of 
Dr.  Shaw's  "moot  points,"  the  freedom  within  itself,  of 
each  congregation.  At  any  rate  it  was  no  denuded 
Presbyterian  idea  that  was  thrust  upon  the  country  in  the 
17th  Century,  but  Presbyterianism  in  its  fully  organized 
form.  There  is  no  thought  in  all  this  of  comparing  these 
two  forms  of  religious  life  with  a  view  to  showing  the 
superiority  of  the  one  over  the  other.  That  is  not  the 
purpose  of  this  work :  the  aim  throughout  is  to  get  at  the 
real  state  of  things.  Across  the  Tweed,  Prebyterianism 
has  taken  deep  root  and  grown  into  a  rich  and  stately  tree. 
Since  the  days  of  John  Knox,  who  may  be  regarded  as  its 
founder  in  Scotland,  it  has  been  the  prevailing  form  of 
religious  life  there;  and  the  more  than  three  centuries  of 
achievement  which  stand  to  its  credit  make  one  of  the 
most  fascinating  chapters  of  religious  history.  England, 
however,  has  never  seemed  to  provide  it  with  a  congenial 
soil.  That  is  meant  as  no  reflection  upon  it;  it  is  merely 
the  statement  of  a  fact  which  continually  presents  itself 
to  the  student  of  Comparative  E,eligion. 

Introduced  into  this  country  in  the  days  of  Elizabeth 
by  men  like  Cartwright,  who  had  borrowed  it  from  the 
continent,  Presbyterianism  made  no  serious  impression 
upon  the  nation's  thought  and  life,  and  secured  no  per- 
manent foothold.  "  The  Presbyterianism  of  the  days  of 
Elizabeth,"  says  Dr.  Shaw,  "was  an  academic  movement 
principally,  never  in  a  national  sense  a  clerical  movement. 
It  was  apparently  confined  to  three  counties  and  London, 
and  to  a  small  portion  of  the  ministers  even  of  these 
counties.  It  never  asserted  itself  in  actual  organization 
and  fell  away  before  the  close  of  Elizabeth's  reign.  There 
are  no  traces  of  any  inheritance  of  the  ideas  or  influence 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  170. 


Presbyterianism  1 9 

of    ttis    Elizabethan    Presbyterianism    by    tbe    English. 
Puritans  of  the  days  of  James  I.  and  Charles  I."  ^ 

The  testimony  of  Dr.  Roland  Gr,  Usher  is  to  the  same 
effect :  — 

The  movement  is  chiefly  distinguishable  from  later  Presbyterianism 
in  that  it  was  a  movement  inside  the  Church  to  stay  in  it,  or  at  most 
to  modify  its  government.  The  later  movement  was  an  attempt  to 
supplant  the  Established  Church  by  a  systematic  Presbyterian  govern- 
ment. There  was,  moreover,  no  connection  between  the  two  move- 
ments ;  there  was  even  no  continuity  reaching  from  one  to  the  other, 
from  the  Presbyterians  of  Elizabeth  to  the  Presbyterians  of  the  Civil 
War.  .  .  .  The  movement  had  been  one  for  Presbyteriajiism,  but  its 
actual  result  was  Congregationalism. 2 

The  Presbyterianism  of  that  period  was  quite  nebulous ; 
it  provides  abundant  opportunity  for  the  historian  to 
indulge  his  imagination  in  relation  to  the  "  Presbyterian 
idea  "  and  the  "  Presbyterian  essence  " ;  and  the  collapse 
of  the  movement,  sudden  and  complete  as  it  was,  shows 
how  little  it  had  succeeded  in  rooting  itself  in  the  country. 
When  James  I.  ascended  the  throne,  seeing  that  he  had 
been  reared  in  Presbyterianism,  it  was  naturally  ex- 
pected that  he  would  considerably  favour  that  form  of 
faith;  but  those  who  cherished  such  expectations  were 
-doomed  to  speedy  disappointment.  Whatever  else  he 
brought  with  him  across  the  Tweed,  he  left  his  Presby- 
terianism behind.  In  his  own  blunt  fashion  he  quite 
early  made  known  his  opinion  in  relation  to  this  matter. 
"A  Scottish  Presbytery,"  said  he,  "  agreeth  as  well  with 
monarchy  as  God  with  the  devil."  On  the  25th  of 
September,  1643,  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  was 
agreed  to;  and  in  June,  1646,  Parliament  passed  an 
ordinance  by  which  Presbyterianism  became  the  estab- 
lished religion  of  the  country  in  place  of  the  Episcopacy 
which  it  thus  swept  away. 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  i,  pp.  5,  6. 

2.  "  The  Presbyterian  Movement  in  the  Reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  as 
illustrated  by  the  Minute  Book  of  the  Dedham  Classis,  1582-1589,"  by 
Roland  G.  Usher,  Ph.D.  (Harvard),  Intro.,  pp.  xxiv,  xxv. 


20  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Two  facts  require  attention  here.  "English  presbytery," 
says  Dr.  M'Crie,  "  wlien  in  tlie  ascendant,  may  be  said 
to  have  sprung  out  of  the  bosom  of  the  church  of  England. 
It  was  no  exotic  plant,  but  indigenous  to  English  soil.  It 
came  neither  from  Geneva,  nor  Frankfort,  nor  Scotland, 
but  from  her  own  clergy,  many  of  whom  had  long  held  it 
in  theory,  and  who,  as  soon  as  the  arm  of  arbitrary  power 
was  withdrawn,  grew  of  their  own  accord  into  presby- 
terians.  What  is  more,  English  presbytery  had  a 
character  of  its  own,  and  it  may  be  said  to  have  left  its 
peculiar  stamp  on  the  religion  of  Scotland."  ^  Precisely 
the  opposite  to  what  is  there  stated  is  the  fact. 
Presbyterianism  as  thus  established  was  an  "  exotic  " ;  it 
was  not  even  the  free  choice  of  the  nation,  or  of  Parlia- 
ment as  representing  the  nation.  In  its  struggle  with 
the  King,  Parliament  found  itself  compelled  to  look  to 
Scotland  for  assistance ;  the  Solemn  League  and 
Covenant  was  the  price  it  had  to  pay  for  that  assistance ; 
and  the  long  drawn  out  negotiations,  which  preceded  the 
acceptance  of  the  Covenant,  witness  to  the  reluctance  with 
which  it  was  accepted.  It  is  morally  certain  that  had 
there  been  no  Scotch  Army  in  the  Civil  War  there  would 
have  been  no  established  Presbyterianism  in  England 
during  the  Commonwealth.     Says  Dr.  Shaw  :  — 

Ha5  the  success  of  the  Parliament  been  immediate  a<nd  decisive,  as 
was  at  one  time  expected,  the  Church  question  would  have  been 
treated  in  a  purely  national  sense,  probably  on  the  lines  sketched  out 
in  the  debates  on  the  Root-and-Branch  Bill.  There  may  have  been — 
there  doubtless  would  have  been — some  concession  to  clerical  feeling,  but 
there  would  not  have  been,  as  there  subsequently  was,  a  formation  of 
presbyteries,  parochial  and  classical,  possessing  censorial  powers,  and 
proceeding  by  legal  methods.  There  would  have  been  none  of  the 
Scotch  element  of  jurisdiction  in  the  English  Church  of  the  years, 
1643-51.  As  it  was,  no  sooner  had  it  become  apparent  that  the  war 
could  not  be  finished  at  a  stroke,  than  the  necessity  of  securing 
Scotland  for  the  Parliamentary  cause  was  at  once  seen.  The  only 
possible  condition  was  the  adoption  of  the  Covenant — of  a  uniformity 
of  Church  government — so  much  was  known  from  the  first ;  the 
question  then  became  one  of  time,  or  of  the  immediate  fortune  of  the 

1.  Annals,  p.  183. 


Presbyterianism  2 1 

war.  Fortune  declared  against  Parliament,  and  the  Covenant  was 
accepted.  It  may  be  that  a  slight  portion  of  the  Commons  had  no 
dislike  for  a  pure  Presbyterian  System — it  is  certain  that  a  Presby- 
terian party  had  sprung  up  amongst  the  clergy^ — it  may  also  be  that 
the  course  of  the  ecclesiastical  debates  of  the  year,  1641,  had 
educated  the  majority  of  the  Commons,  or  had  habituated  them  to  the 
conceptions  and  terminology  of  a  primitive  Presbyterian  system  in  the 
abstract,  but  none  the  less  the  final  adoption  of  the  Covenant  was, 
under  the  circumstances,  of  the  nature  of  a  capitulation.' 

Robert  Baillie,  one  of  the  eight  ^  Scottish  Commis- 
sioners sent  to  the  Assembly  of  Divines,  at  Westminster, 
whose  first  meeting  was  on  July  1st,  1643,  in  his 
illuminating  letters  tells  a  most  interesting  story  of  the 
long  and  protracted  negotiations,  the  wearisome  discus- 
sions, the  hopes  and  fears  which  alternated  in  the  breasts 
of  the  Scotch  contingent,  and  more  than  once  naively 
states  that  the  pressure  of  the  Scotch  Army  was  needed  to 
speed  progress.  "  Mr.  Henderson's  hopes,"  says  he,  "  are 
not  great  of  their  conformitie  to  us,  before  our  armie  be 
in  England."  3  "The  weakness  of  our  army  .  .  .  and  its 
delay  to  march  southward,  he  continues,  .  .  .  "have 
made  us  [the  Scotch  in  London]  almost  contemptible,  and 
this  contempt  hath  occasioned  jealousie  and  provocations, 
which  may  (if  not  provided  for)  prove  dangerous."*  He 
hopes  "  it  may  please  God  to  advance  our  armie,  which 
we  expect  will  much  assist  our  arguments."  ^  The  case 
is  not  too  strongly  put  by  Dr.  Brown  when  he  says  :  — 
"  When  the  first  regiments  of  the  Scottish  Army  crossed 
the  Tweed,  on  January  19th,  1644,  they  may  be  said  to 
have     brought     Presbyterianism     with     them."  ^        The 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  i,  pp.   141,  142. 

2.  The  Scottish  Commissioners  were  five  Ministers  :  Alexander  Hen- 
derson, Robert  Douglas,  Samuel  Rutherford,  Robert  Baillie  and  George 
Gillespie ;  and  three  laymen  :  John,  Earl  of  Cassilis,  John,  Lord 
Maitland,  and  Sir  Archibald  Johnston  of  Warriston. 

3.  Baillie,  vol.  ii,  p.  104. 
4    Ibid.,  vol.  ii,  p.  26?. 

5.  Ibid.,  vol.  ii,  p.  111. 

6.  Commonwealth  England,  p.  92  :  vide  also  "The  English  Puritans," 
by  the  same  author,  recently  published  by  "The  Cambridge  University 
Press." 


22  The   Ejected   of  1662 

correctness  of  the  position  here  assumed  is  abundantly 
demonstrated  by  the  early  debates  on  the  Root  and  Branch 
Bill.  Dr.  Shaw  is  generous  in  his  estimate  of  the  growing 
influence  of  Presbyterianism  during,  and  as  the  result  of, 
those  debates.  The  sentiment  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
as  of  the  country,  was  Episcopalian  rather  than  Presby- 
terian ;  and  it  was  a  modified  Episcopacy  for  which 
successive  speakers  pleaded. 

The  other  fact  is  consequential,  viz.,  that  Presby- 
terianism as  thus  established  never  became  popular  and 
was  the  national  religion  only  in  name.  It  has  already 
been  intimated  that  the  Westminster  Assembly  and 
the  House  of  Commons  consumed  nearly  three  years 
before  the  ordinance  for  the  establishment  of  Presby- 
terianism, in  1646,  could  be  agreed  upon  and  issued; 
and  it  took  nearly  three  years  longer  to  complete 
the  "  Directory  for  Public  Worship,"  the  "  Form  of 
Presbyterial  Church  Government  and  Ordination  of 
Ministers,"  with  other  matters  inherent  in  the  system. 
"On  Thursday,  February  22,  1648-9,"  says  Dr.  Dale, 
"  three  weeks  after  the  death  of  the  King,  the  Assembly 
met  for  the  last  time  as  an  Assembly,  and  held  its  one 
thousand  one  hundred  and  sixty  third  session.  It  had 
sat  for  five  years  and  six  months."^  And  those  prolonged 
sittings  were  due  to  heated  controversies,  to  hopeless 
divergencies  of  opinion,  and  to  the  difficulty  of  securing 
decisions  which  Parliament  would  accept.  Three  further 
Parliamentary  ordinances  also  in  support  of  this  new 
religious  system  were  found  to  be  almost  immediately 
necessary.  In  April,  1647,  it  was  reported  to  the  House 
of  Commons  that  there  were  "  divers  obstructions  in  the 
business  of  Church  government,"  and  that  "  in  most  places 
neither  election  of  elders  nor  division  of  classes  had  taken 
place."  2  The  House  promptly  resolved  upon  certain 
remedies.  In  response  to  a  further  appeal  for  help  the 
House  adopted  on  January  27,  1647-'8,  "  an  ordinance  for 
the  speedy  and  more   effectual  settling  the  Presbyterial 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Cong.,  p.  303. 

2.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  14. 


Presbyterianism  23 

government,  and  removing  and  remedying  some  obstruc- 
tions therein."  ^  Again,  on  the  29th  of  August  following, 
was  passed  "  the  Form  of  Church  government  to  be  used  in 
the  Churches  of  England  and  Ireland,"  "  a  comprehensive 
ordinance,  the  last  of  which  was  issued  by  the  Parliament 
on  the  subject  of  the  establishment  of  the  Presbyterian 
system."  2  Yet  though  sent  forthwith  these  high  sanctions 
the  area  in  which  the  Presbyterian  system  succeeded  in 
planting  itself  was  not  considerable.  Dr.  Shaw  names 
the  following  as  Counties  where  "  a  purely  classical 
organization"  existed  : — Cheshire,  Derbyshire,  Devonshire, 
Durham,  Essex,  Hampshire,  Lancashire,  Lincolnshire, 
London,  Northumberland,  Shropshire,  Somerset,  Suffolk, 
Surrey,  Sussex,  Warwickshire,  Wiltshire,  and  Yorkshire. 
The  Minutes  of  a  few  only  of  these  Classical  Associations 
are  extant,  and  in  the  absence  of  such  documents 
evidence  for  their  existence  is  very  slender.  It  is 
quite  certain  that  Dr.  Shaw's  estimate  is  exceedingly 
liberal,  and  the  way  in  which  he  arrives  at  his  results  is 
far  from  satisfactory.  "  Whenever  a  body  is  found 
performing  the  work  of  ordination  in  the  years  1647-53," 
says  he,  "  it  was  a  properly  constituted  classis,  composed 
of  elders  freely  elected  into  a  parish  eldership  and  freely 
delegated  from  such  elderships  to  a  classis."  3  Surely 
that  is  extremely  arbitrary  and  anything  but  a  safe 
principle  to  follow.  Unless  we  are  to  assume  that  only 
ordinations  of  a  Presbyterian  type  were  possible  during 
those  years,  the  fact  of  a  body  ordaining  only  proves 
that  it  ordained.  If  by  ordaining  body  is  meant  a  Classis 
then  it  needs  to  be  remembered  that  the  word  was  used 
with  considerable  laxity.  But  it  was  not  at  all  necessary 
to  have  an  organized  body  to  ordain  :  the  Ministers  of  a 
neighbourhood  were  quite  competent  for  such  work.  On 
January  28,  1651-2,  before  the  era  of  Voluntary  Associa- 
tions, George  Larkham  was  ordained  at  Cockermouth  "  by 
the  imposion  of  the  hands  of  three  ordained  presbyters 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  16. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  19- 

3.  Ibid.,  p.  28. 


24  The   Ejected   of   1662 

then  present  (called  by  the  church  to  that  worke  for  feare 
of  offending  the  godly  brethren  of  ye  Presbyteriall  way) ."  i 
The  ordainers  were  Thomas  Larkham  of  Tavistock,  Devon, 
the  Pastor's  father;  George  Benson  of  Bridekirk;  and 
Gawin  Eaglesfield  of  Plumbland.  The  ordination  was 
specially  arranged  with  a  view  to  the  scruples  of  brethren 
of  the  "  Presbyteriall "  way,  yet  the  Ministers  were  not  all 
Presbyterian,  they  were  not  even  neighbours :  and  there 
is  no  suggestion  of  a  Classical  organization  for  Cumber- 
land, whose  Voluntary  Association  arose  very  shortly  after 
this  date.  In  later  years,  also,  the  years  of  Jollie, 
Frankland,  Heywood  and  others,  in  the  ordinations  of 
which  we  read  the  organized  bodies  conducting  them  were 
only  individual  Ministers  called  together  for  the  purpose. 
It  is  certain,  therefore,  that  not  a  few  of  the  names  in 
the  list  above  given  should  be  deleted ;  while  in  other 
cases  only  a  few  Classes  existed.  The  truth  is  that 
outside  London  and  Lancashire  with  a  few  eastern  and 
southern  Counties,  Presbyterianism  made  no  real  impres- 
sion upon  the  country;  and,  even  where  it  succeeded  in 
planting  itself,  its  hold  was  very  precarious.  This  is 
made  clear  by  the  study  of  its  career  in  Lancashire,  one 
of  the  very  first  Counties  to  adopt  the  Classical  system, 
and  where  the  system  reached  its  most  finished  form. 
Nowhere  was  Presbyterianism  more  aggressive,  nowhere 
did  it  assume  larger  powers,  yet  a  creeping  paralysis 
appears  to  have  been  upon  it  from  the  very  first.  For- 
tunately the  Minutes  of  the  Bury  arid  Manchester  Classes 
have  been  preserved  and  printed  ;2  and  they  vividly  illus- 
trate the  point  at  issue.  The  course  of  each  Classis  was 
an  exceedingly  troubled  one.  Its  authority  was  con- 
tinually defied  by  Ministers  and  laymen  alike,  and  its 
decisions  were  ignored  by  contumacious  Churches.  Here, 
in  Lancashire,  where  the  Classical  system  was  strongest, 
its  inherent  weakness  and  unpopularity  are  plainly  written 
across  all  its  proceedings.  It  no  sooner  began  to  be  than 
it  began  to  decay.     Dr.  Shaw  says  :  — 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

2.  C.  S.  (N.  S.),  vols.  36  and  41  for  the  former ;  and  vols.  20,  22  and  24 
for  the  latter. 


Presby  terianism  2  5 

The  few  classical  records  that  are  in  existence  tell  an  unvarying  tale 
of  classical  impotence.  Within  the  limits  of  the  accepted  or  estab- 
lished presbyteries,  the  erection  of  the  government  was  by  no  means 
uniform ;  and  though  it  still  might  remain  the  nominal  Church  system 
of  the  country,  the  coercive  power  was  gone.  It  was  not  so  much  that 
the  wooden  sword  of  excommunication  had  fallen  from  the  nerveless 
hands  of  the  parish  presbytery.  On  that  point  the  clerical  spirit 
fought  to  its  last  gasp,  and,  where  the  Sacrament  could  not  be 
administered  with  such  safeguards  as  they  chose  to  erect,  they  pre- 
ferred rather  to  cease  the  celebration  of  the  Communion  altogether. 
It  was  much  more  to  the  point  that  the  compulsive,  coercive  or 
directive  power  of  the  classes  over  the  parochial  presbytery  was  at  an 
end  from  the  moment  of  the  triumph  of  the  army.l 

This     represents    the    condition    of    things     to    about 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  100.  To  this  may  be  appended  the 
following  : — 

"England's  Deliverance  from  the  Northern  Presbytery,  compared  with 
its  Deliverance  from  the  Roman  Papacy  :  or  a  Thanksgiving  Sermon, 
Preached  on  Nov.  5,  1651,  at  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  Before  the 
Supreme  Authority  of  this  nation. 

The  High  Court  of  Parliament  By  Peter  Sterry,  once  Fellow  of 
Emmanual  CoUedge  in  Cambridge  Now  Preacher  to  the  Right  Honble 
the  Councel  of  State,  sitting  at  Whitehall,  London. 

Printed  by  Peter  Cole,  and  are  to  be  sold  at  the  Signe  of  the  Printing 
Presse  neer  the  Royal  Exchange  1652. 

Text  Jer.  Chap.   16.   14,   15. 

But  then  let  us  say  againe  with  a  louder  Noise  of  praises,  that  may 
drown  the  former  voice  [of  praise  for  deliverance  from  Romish  Papacy] 
The  Lord  liveth,  who  hath  brought  us  up  out  of  the  Scotch  Tyranny, 
and  Scotch-Presbytery,  which  came  like  a  Tempest  from  the  North.  .  . 
In  many  mercies  as  especially  that  of  saving  us  from  this  Bloody  Designe 
of  the  Egyptian  Papacy,  thou  hast  done  Gratiously,  and  Wonderfully ; 
but  this  last  Mercy,  by  which  thou  hast  saved  us  from  the  Black  plots 
and  Bloody  power  of  the  northern  presbytery  hath  Excell'd  them  all." 
P.  7.     (Copy  in  the  John  Rylands  Library.) 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  preachers  of  Peter  Sterry's  type  were  not 
nimierous,  for  it  is  impossible  to  commend  either  his  language  or  spirit ; 
and  this  sermon  might  have  been  left  unnoticed  had  it  not  been  for 
the  occasion  on  which  it  was  delivered.  That  such  a  sermon  was 
possible  before  such  an  Assembly  is  a  fact  which  lets  in  a  flood  of 
light  upon  the  state  of  feeling  at  the  time.  It  surely  shows  how 
exceedingly  unpopular  in  the  country  the  Scottish  alliance,  with  Pres- 
bytery as  its  annexe,  had  become. 


26  The   Ejected   of   1662 

1650/  when  Cromwell's  victory  at  Dunbar,  followed  by- 
Worcester  the  succeeding  year,  gave  him  and  his  Army  a 
freer  hand.  The  Commonwealth  never  either  "  declara- 
tively  or  legislatively  annulled  presbytery  or  established 
Independency  in  its  place  "  ;^  for  there  was,  at  least,  no 
need  that  it  should  do  the  former,  because  there  was  little 
or  nothing  to  annul.  Nominally  Presbyterianism  lived  the 
length  of  the  Long  Parliament,  but  as  an  organized  religious 
force  in  the  country  it  had  ceased  to  exist  long  before  1660. 
When  therefore  the  King  came  back  to  the  throne  the 
transition  to  Episcopacy  was  quite  easy  :  Presbyterianism 
was  no  longer  a  serious  competitor.  This  view  of  the 
matter  is  supported  by  one  or  two  further  considerations. 

In  the  first  place  no  attempt  was  ever  made  afterwards 
to  resurrect  the  Presbyterian  system.  Not  even  did 
Presbyterian  Lancashire,  or  London,  seek  to  rebuild  the 
structure  upon  whose  erection  so  much  labour  had  been 
expended.  It  is  difficult  to  explain  this  omission  if 
Presbyterianism  had  the  place  in  the  religious  life  of  the 
country  up  to,  and  after  the  Restoration,  claimed  for  it  by 
some  writers.  Apology  for  this  is  usually  sought  in  the 
state  of  the  law  as  represented  by  the  Toleration  Act.  It 
is  maintained  that  this  was  inimical  to  the  Presbyterian 
system.  "  There  was  little  or  nothing  indeed  in  the  new 
regulations  respecting  religious  liberty,"  says  Dr.  Drys- 
dale,  "  that  expressly  prevented  a  full  Presbyterial  organi- 
zation; but  the  whole  spirit  of  the  arrangements  was 
hostile  to  the  rise  and  development  of  such  a  display  of 
Dissenting  incorporation.  The  law  did  not  expressly 
forbid  the  constitution  of  Presbyteries  and  Synods  with 
juridical  functions ;  but  as  it  did  not  expressly  allow  them. 

1.  Throughout  this  work  the  terms  "  Commonwealth  "  and  "  Crom- 
wellian  regime  "  are  applied  to  this  period,  from  about  1646  to  1660,  in 
its  entirety,  though  the  one  fact  of  which  the  student  is  conscious  is  a 
dividing  line  about  1650  when  Presbyterianism  fell  from  power  and 
Independency  became  ascendant.  Were  this  a  history  of  the  religious 
life  of  this  period  it  would  be  necessary  to  note  this  division  and  insist 
upon  it ;  but  in  the  present  work  any  attempt  to  preserve  it  would  lead 
to  endless  confusion. 

2.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.    vol.  ii,  p.  98. 


Presbyterianism  27 

they  were  ipso  facto  not  in  accordance  with  the  scope  and 
aims  of  the  measure."  ^  It  is  not  easy  to  take  a  conten- 
tion of  that  kind  seriously;  and  yet  it  is  repeated  in 
substance  by  the  latest  author  of  Presbyterian  History. 
"  The  Act  of  Toleration,"  says  Mr.  Macphail,  "  did  less 
for  Presbyterians  than  for  other  Nonconformists,  because 
it  did  not  remove  the  interdict  on  meetings  of  Presbytery 
and  Synod.  It  secured  only  freedom  of  worship  for  con- 
gregations." 2  This  type  of  statement  is  not  complimen- 
tary to  the  men  whom  the  writers  are  really  wishful  to 
honour.  Practically  it  charges  those  old  Nonconformists 
with  having  grown  quite  indifferent  to  one  of  the  root 
principles  of  Presbyterianism;  or,  on  the  other  hand,  it 
makes  them  distinctly  unheroic.  For  they  give  no  indica- 
tion of  chafing  under  the  pressure  of  any  "  interdict " ; 
they  indulge  in  no  complaints  about  religious  disabilities ; 
and  they  make  no  attempt  to  take  the  law  into  their  own 
hands,  set  up  their  system  and  accept  the  risk.  Yet  they 
were  men  of  strong  make ;  many  of  them  were  "  outed  " 
in  1662 ;  and  in  obedience  to  what  they  believed  to  be  the 
voice  of  sacred  duty  endured  the  utmost  privation. 
Surely  the  truer  explanation  of  their  conduct  is  to  be 
found  in  Dr.  M'Crie's  admission :  "  It  is  too  plain  that, 
for  some  years  before  the  Revolution  they  had  ceased  to 
act  as  presbyterians.  The  regular  meetings  of  presby- 
teries, the  due  subordination  of  church  courts,  and  their 
authority  as  representative  courts  of  appeal  and  review, 
had  been  virtually  given  up."  ^ 

To  the  same  conclusion  are  we  led  when  we  trace  the 
evolution  of  those  old  Dissenting  interests,  which  are  said 
to  have  had  their  origin  in  the  Commonwealth  Presbyte- 
rianism, and  which,  it  is  contended,  lived,  though  in 
greatly  mutilated  form,  after  the  Restoration ;  especially 
if  we  take  a  district  free  from  influences  likely  to  inter- 
rupt its  natural  course.  Take  Lancashire,  again,  for 
example,    which,    because    of    its    pronounced    Presbyte- 

1.  Drysdale,  p.  428. 

2.  Macphail,  p.  261. 

3.  Annals,  p.  306. 


28  The   Ejected    of  1662 

rianism  in  Commonwealth,  times,  might  naturally  be 
expected  to  tell  against  rather  than  for  the  position  here 
assumed.  What,  however,  is  the  fact?  Four  only  of 
these  old  Dissenting  interests — Tunley,  Risley,  Dundee 
and  Wharton — at  the  present  time  belong  to  the  Presby- 
terian body;  and  these  have  been  acquired  by  that  body 
comparatively  recently.  The  rest  have  become  either 
Unitarian  or  Congregational.  Not  one  of  these  old  foun- 
dations has  in  normal  fashion  found  its  way  back  into 
that  ecclesiastical  system  whence  so  many  of  them  are 
said  to  have  sprung.  The  fact  is  not  easily  explained  on 
the  assumption  of  a  Presbyterian  origin  for  them. 

Similar  evidence  may  be  deduced  from  the  Indulgence 
Licenses  of  1672.  It  is  perfectly  clear  that  the  term 
"  Presbyterian  "  was  used  with  considerable  laxity,  almost 
interchangeably  with  the  term  "  Congregational  " ;  at  any 
rate,  that  it  no  longer  indicated  a  distinct  and  compact 
religious  body,  as  it  did  in  Commonwealth  times.  It  is 
no  uncommon  thing  to  find  the  same  Minister  described 
in  the  Licenses  as  a  "  Presbyterian  "  and  a  "  Congrega- 
tionalist,"  the  same  building  bearing  the  two  names,  and 
a  "Presbyterian  "  Minister  taking  a  License  to  officiate  in 
a  "  Congregational  "  building,  and  vice  versa.^  Cuthbert 
Harrison,  "  Presbyterian,"  for  example,  secures  a  License 
for  Elswick  Lees,  "  Congregational" ;  James  [should  be 
Michael]  Briscoe,  "Congregational,"  licenses  a  Meeting 
House  in  Toxteth  Park,  which  is  both  "Presbyterian"  and 
"Congregational" ;  and  George  Larkham  the  "Congrega- 
tional" Minister  of  Cockermouth,  licenses  a  house  at 
Bridekirk  as  "Presbyterian,"  etc. 

Equally  interesting  evidence  is  furnished  by  the  ordina- 
tion services  of  post  Restoration  times.  Ministers  of  both 
types  being  found  sharing  in  them.  Thomas  Jollie,  the 
Congregationalist,  Oliver  Heywood,  and  Richard  Frank- 
land,  Presbyterians,  frequently  joined  in  ordaining  a  man 
who  might  be  a  Congregationalist  or  a  Presbyterian.  It 
is  true  that  sometimes  they  scrupled  certain  points ;  but  it 

1.  Vide  Cal.  S.  P.,  Dom.  for  1672-3,  p.  xlii. 


Richard   Baxter  29 

is  also  true  that  at  least  the  term  "Presbyterian"  had  lost 
the  rigid  significance  in  the  matter  of  ordination  that  it 
formerly  had. 

What  then  was  the  situation  at  the  time  of  the  Restora- 
tion in  reference  to  the  men  who  had  borne  the  Presbyte- 
rian name,  and  who  had  contributed  very  largely  towards 
the  King's  return?  How  did  they  stand  in  relation  to 
the  prevailing  religious  Sects  of  the  time?  If  Presby- 
terianism,  in  any  real  sense  of  the  word,  in  any  sense  of 
the  word  in  which  it  is  used  to  day,  or  was  used  during  the 
period  of  its  ascendency  in  this  country,  had  ceased  to  be 
among  its  religious  organizations,  how  are  those  men  to 
be  classified?  It  is  at  once  frankly  admitted  that  it  is 
not  easy  to  define  their  position  precisely,  because,  in  a 
way,  they  had  none.  Torn  from  their  old  moorings  by 
the  force  of  events,  they  were  as  yet  without  proper 
anchorage.  They  were  in  process  of  evolution,  drifting 
in  two  quite  opposite  directions ;  on  the  one  hand,  towards 
Episcopacy,  and  on  the  other,  towards  Independency  or 
Congregationalism.  The  one  tendency  explains  why  so 
many  of  the  so  called  Presbyterian  Ministers  conformed 
in  1662.  They  had  no  great  objection  to  Episcopacy  as 
such,  nor  even  to  the  use  of  the  Prayer  Book.  They  were 
already,  and  had  been  all  along  more  than  half  Episco- 
palian at  heart;  hence  it  cost  them  little  to  alter  their 
name,  retain  their  livings,  and'  accept  the  new  order  of 
things.  The  repressive  legislation  of  later  times,  however, 
sent  others,  and  these  a  very  considerable  number,  to 
greater  distances  from  Episcopacy.  These  were  the 
Nonconformists  of  1662,  whose  ideas  crystallised  and 
hardened  in  the  direction  of  Congregationalism. 

Perhaps  no  man  more  distinctly  illustrates  these  latter 
tendencies  than  Richard  Baxter,  one  of  the  greatest 
figures  of  the  17th  Century,  and  whose  influence  can 
scarcely  be  over  estimated.  It  has  already  been  intimated 
that  he  had  no  great  affection  for  Cromwell,  and  that  many 
of  his  judgments  of  him  impress  us  as  singularly  un- 
generous and  harsh.  With  Philip  Nye  and  John  Owen, 
leading   Congregational   Ministers   of   the   time,   he   had 


30  The   Ejected    of  1662 

frequent  and  lively  controversies ;  and,  though  brought 
up  in  the  Episcopal  Church,  himself  Episcopally  ordained, 
having  distinct  sympathy  with  a  modified  form  of  Epis- 
copacy, and  going  even  to  the  length  of  preparing  a 
reformed  Liturgy,  yet  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  sufEer 
Ejection  through  the  Uniformity  Act  of  1662.  He  has, 
of  course,  been  claimed  as  a  Presbyterian,  though  he  him- 
self has  been  careful  to  repudiate  the  name.  Writing  of 
the  time  when  he  was  a  Chaplain  in  Cromwell's  army  he 
says : — 

Col.  Whalley,  though  Cromwell's  Kinsman  and  Commander  of  the 
Trusted  Regiment,  grew  odious  among  the  Sectarian  Commanders  at 
the  Headquarters  for  my  sake;  and  he  was  called  a  Presbyterian, 
though  neither  he  nor  I  were  of  that  Judgmeait  in  severall  Points.* 

It  is  noteworthy  also  that  when  he  took  out  his  License  to 
preach  on  October  2Tth,  1672,  he  entered  himself,  not  as 
a  Presbyterian,  but  as  "  a  Nonconforming  Minister."  2 
Nor  did  he  during  the  Presbyterian  regime  ever  attempt 
to  set  up  the  Presbyterian  system.  This  was  not  for  lack 
of  opportunity  or  power :  for  it  has  been  well  said  that 
"Richard  Baxter  in  his  best  days,  was  a  stronger  power 
with  the  religious  people  of  England  than  either  the  West- 
minster Assembly  or  the  Parliamentary  leaders."  ^  Yet 
in  his  own  County  of  Worcestershire,  where  he  exercised 
a  lengthened  and  powerful  ministry,  the  Classical  system 
was  never  adopted.  In  its  place,  in  1653,  appeared  the 
Worcestershire  Agreement  for  the  "Associated  Ministers 
of  the  County  of  Worcester  and  some  adjacent  parts"; 
mainly,  if  not  exclusively,  his  handiwork.  The  Associa- 
tion was  perfectly  voluntary  and  the  following  interesting 
account  of  its  character  and  aims  deserves  notice :  — 

The  Worcestershire  Agreement  was  based  on  the  rectoral  rights  of 
the  parish  clergyman.  It  was  the  clergyman's  business'  to  rule  his 
parish  as  well  as  to  teach  it.  He  might  order  his  parish  on  the 
Presbyterian  model  or  on  the  Congregational  or  on  the  old  system  of 
churchwardens,  which  Baxter  himself  preferred ;  but  this  was  at  the 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.  55. 

2.  Cal.  S.  P.,  Dom.  for  1672/3,  p.  88      ' ' 

3.  Eng.  U.  Hist.,  p.  65. 


Richard   Baxter  31 

rector's  choice,  he  being  the  person  responsible  for  these  things. 
The  county  clergy,  Episcopalian,  it  might  be,  in  theory,  Presbyterian, 
Congregational,  even  Baptist  if  they  would,  were  to  meet  together. 
There  were  to  be  no  lay  assessors;  the  clergy  mutually  bound  by  a 
doctrinal  profession,  which,  so  far  as  it  went  was  of  strict  orthodoxy, 
were  to  meet  for  religious  exercises  and  mutual  advice,  without 
jurisdiction  one  over  another.' 

The    same    writer    thus    describes    the    spread    of    the 
Baxterian  Association  :  — 

Cheshire  never  had  anything  to  do  with  the  Parliamentary 
Presbyterianism.  Immediately  on  the  publication  of  the  terms  of 
the  Worcestershire  Agreement  (1653),  Cheshire  followed  Baxter 
(October,  1653)  under  the  leadership  of  Adam  Martindale.  So  did 
Cumberland  and  Westmoreland,  on  the  other  side  of  Lancashire. 
Northumberland  went  with  the  Parliament,  as  did  Derbyshire  on  the 
off  side  of  Cheshire.  All  over  England,  we  find  contiguous  counties 
religiously  organised,  here  on  the  Parliamentary  there  on  the  Baxter 
model.  And  it  was  the  Baxter  model  which  gained  ground.  Norfolk, 
Essex  and  Devonshire,  for  example,  began  with  the  Parliamentary 
system,  and  after  trying  it,  came  over  to  Baxter.  The  South  of 
Ireland,  which  had  resisted  Presbyterianism,  fell  into  hne  with  the 
Baxterian  principle   of  Associatio«n  in   1655.2 

E-ichard  Baxter,  therefore,  is  not  easily  classified. 
There  were  things,  he  informs  us,  both  among  the 
Episcopalians,  the  Presbyterians,  the  Independents,  and 
even  the  Anabaptists,  that  he  liked,  and  things  which 
he  did  not  like.  He  was  a  great  Comprehensionist, 
labouring  all  his  lifetime  to  heal  the  divisions  of  the 
Church  and  bring  its  various  branches  into  effective 
union ;  compelled  to  be  a  Nonconformist  in  relation  to  the 
Established  Church  of  the  nation,  and  beyond  that  it  is 
scarcely  possible  to  predicate  anything  definite  about  him. 

The  foregoing  is  not  intended  to  suggest  that  Presby- 
terianism had  become  identical  in  all  points  with 
Congregationalism.  To  do  that  would  be  to  close  the  eye 
to  some  of  the  most  obvious  facts  of  history.  The  way 
in  which  the  name  persisted  indicates  that  it  stood  for 
€ertain  divergencies  from  the  recognized  Congregationalism 

1.  Eng.  U.  Hist.,  p.  65. 
2    Ibid.,   p.    66. 


32  The   Ejected    of  1662 

of  the  time.  It  is,  however,  contended  that  these 
divergencies  were  not  sufficient  to  justify  the  use  of  the 
name ;  that  the  Presbyterian  idea  had  so  far  emptied  itself 
of  its  contents  as  to  represent  neither  the  Presbyterianism 
of  Commonwealth  days  nor  the  Presbyterianism  of  modern 
history;  and  that  the  two  sections  of  the  one  common 
Nonconformity  were  being  rapidly  fused.  The  "  Happy 
Union,"  as  it  came  to  be  called,  consummated  in  the 
early  part  of  1691,  according  to  which  the  so  called 
Presbyterians  and  Congregationalists  were  to  lay  aside, 
among  other  things,  their  respective  names,  and  be  known 
henceforth  as  "  The  United  Brethren,"  was  the  expression 
of  tendencies  which  had  long  been  operating.  True  the 
Union  had  only  a  brief  existence,  especially  in  London, 
where  it  was  born;  but  it  split  not  on  the  rock  of  polity 
but  on  that  of  doctrine.  The  name  "Presbyterian"  still 
lingered,  and  in  every  respect  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  it 
did  so.^  Had  it  passed  with  the  Long  Parliament,  which, 
so  far  as  this  country  is  concerned,  gave  it  position  and 
powe'r,  much  historic  confusion,  and  not  a  little  religious 
controversy  would  have  been  avoided.  It  is,  however, 
easy  to  see  why  it  did  persist.  It  represented  a  form  of 
Church  life  that  had  claimed  to  be  the  religion  of  the 
nation,  and  that  for  a  time  had  actually  been  established 
by  law,  the  religion  that  replaced  Episcopacy  and  which 
in  turn  was  replaced  by  Episcopacy.  Everything  therefore 
tended  to  make  it  bulk  in  the  national  imagination  and 
thought;  consequently  the  habit  was  to  think  and  speak 
of  Nonconformists,  especially  those  of  "  a  spiritual  serious 
way  of  worship,"  ^  as  "  Presbyterians."  The  County  of 
Lancashire  again  furnishes  a  very  striking  illustration  of 
this.     The  Bradshaigh  MS.,  which  gives  a  vivid  picture 

1.  It  ought  to  be  stated  also  that  the  name  has  been  used,  and  still  is, 
in  reference  to  those  old  Dissenting  foundations  at  present  in  the  hands 
of  the  Unitarians,  though  the  tendency  is  for  that  body  to  drop  it. 
The  only  justification  for  its  use  by  them  is  the  claim  that  they  have 
lineally  descended  from  those  Nonconformists  who  originated  them. 
In  point  of  doctrine  and  polity  they  are  quite  remote  from  them. 

2.  Eel.  Bax.,  p.  278. 


Summary  33 

of,  Nonconformity  in  Lancashire  during  the  repressive 
legislation  following  upon  tlie  Restoration,  is  concerned 
largely  with  the  suppression  of  "  Conventicles  "  and  the 
search  for  "  Conventiclers."  "  Presbyterian  "  is  the  term 
frequently  applied  to  both,  though  in  the  list  of 
"  Conventiclers  "  appear  pronounced  Congregationalists 
like  Thomas  Jollie  and  Michael  Briscoe.  In  Presbyterian 
Lancashire  the  name  would,  of  course,  die  hard. 

To  sum  up :  — All  the  evidence  goes  to  show  that  at  no 
period  of  its  history  was  Presbyterianism  ever  a  great 
religious  force  in  this  country;  that  during  the  years  of 
its  so  called  ascendency  (1646-1650)  the  area  of  its 
influence  was  very  restricted;  that  it  ceased  to  count  as  a 
serious  religious  organization  after  the  rupture  with  the 
Scotch  Army  and  the  triumph  of  Cromwell;  and,  in 
particular,  that  it  is  a  distinct  historic  inaccuracy  to  label 
with  the  term  "Presbyterian"  the  ^Nonconformists  of  post 
Restoration  times.  That  is  said  with  the  full  conscious- 
ness of  the  fact  that  not  a  few  of  these  men  persisted 
in  calling  themselves  by  the  name  for  many  years ;  it  had, 
however,  come  to  be  so  completely  a  misnomer  that  writers 
would  be  wise,  they  would  greatly  contribute  to  historic 
clearness  and  accuracy,  if  they  would  restrict  the  name 
to  the  period  to  which  it  really  belongs,  and  in  reference 
to  these  men  after  the  Restoration  employ  the  more 
general  one  of  "  Nonconformist."  The  application  of  this 
to  the  old  Nonconformist  foundations  in  the  area  with 
which  we  are  mainly  concerned  will  be  considered  later; 
and  it  is  only  necessary  to  add  that  the  last  thing  the 
serious  student  of  history  will  attempt  is  to  maintain  that 
modern  Presbyterianism  is  in  historic  continuity  with 
the  Presbyterianism  of  the  Commonwealth.  It  is  an 
"exotic,"  a  comparatively  recent 'importation,  like  its 
17th  Century  predecessor,  again  from  across  the  Tweed, 
but  happily  with  far  greater  promise  of  permanency  and 
success. 

This,  then,  was  the  state  of  the  country  religiously  when 
Charles  II.  ascended  the  throne.  The  people  were  divided 
to  bitterness,  and  the  problems  awaiting  him  in  conse- 

D 


34  The   Ejected   of  1662 

quence  were  such  as  called  for  the  highest  wisdom  and  the 
most  skilful  statesmanship.  Nor  were  events  long  in 
moving.  The  Convention,  so  called  because  summoned 
without  Royal  writ,  when  it  invited  Charles  back  to  the 
throne  decreed  that  "according  to  the  ancient  and  funda- 
mental laws  of  this  kingdom  the  government  is  and  ought 
to  be  by  Xings,  Lords  and  Commons."  Petitions  began  to 
pour  in  from  the  Sequestered  Clergy,  and,  in  September, 
1660,  the  Convention  Parliament  passed  an  Act  for  the 
"  restoration  of  ejected  ministers  to  their  livings  and  for 
the  confirmation  of  the  present  holders  of  livings  in  cases 
where  the  rightful  incumbent  was  dead."  ^  It  is  of  first 
importance  to  remember  this,  because  frequently  it  is 
assumed  that  it  was  not  until  the  passing  of  the  Uniform- 
ity Act  of  1662,  that  the  ministerial  Ejections  took  place. 
In  point  of  fact  the  displacement  began  probably  with  the 
Restoration,  certainly  with  the  September  Act  just  named, 
and  continued  even  after  the  1662  Ejectment  Act.  Neal 
informs  us  that  "every  sequester'd  Minister  who  has  not 
justified  the  late  King's  Murder,  or  declared  against  Infant 
Baptism,  shall  be  restored  to  his  Living  before  the  25th 
of  DeceTuher  [1660]  next  ensuing,  and  the  present  Incum- 
bent shall  peaceably  quit  it,  and  be  accountable  for  Dilapi- 
dations, and  all  Arrears  of  Fifths  not  paid."  ^  The  result 
of  this  Act,  he  informs  us,  was  that  "some  hundreds  of 
Nonconformist  Ministers  were  dispossessed  of  their  Livings 
before  the  Act  of  Uniformity  was  formed.  -Here  was  no 
Distinction  between  good  or  bad;  but  if  the  Parson  had 
been  Episcopally  Ordained,  and  in  Possession,  he  must  be 
restored,  tho'  he  had  been  ejected  upon  the  strongest 
Evidence  of  Immorality  or  Scandal."  3  Dr.  Stoughton 
states  that  on  the  26th  of  May,  1660,  three  days  before  the 
King's  arrival  in  London,  "Prynne  made  a  report  touching 
the  quiet  possession  of  ministers,  schoolmasters,  and  other 
ecclesiastical   persons   in   sequestered   livings,   until   they 

1.  The  Cambridge  Modern  History,  vol.  v,  p.   96. 

2.  Hist.   Pur.,  vol.  iv,  p.  303. 

3.  Ibid. 


The    Uniformity   Act  35 

should  be  legally  convicted;  and  two  days  afterwards 
allusion  is  made  in  a  further  report  from  the  same  member 
to  several  riots  which  had  '  been  committed,  and  forcible 
entries  made  upon  the  possessions  of  divers  persons, 
ecclesiastical  and  temporal."  "'  ^ 

The  Savoy  Conference  convened  by  the  King  on  April 
15th,  1661,  in  fulfilment  of  his  promise  to  the  Puritan 
party,  was  ostensibly  for  the  purpose  of  readjusting 
religious  differences  that  there  might  be  peace  in  the 
realm.;  but  it  was  doomed  to  failure  beforehand.  The 
Independents  had  no  representatives  in  it,  the  Presbyte- 
rian or  Puritan  party  had  as  their  leader  Richard  Baxter, 
who  expected  great  things  from  it.  The  Prelatical  party, 
however,  conceded  nothing  of  any  moment,  and  the  Con- 
ference ended  on  July  24th,  1661,  having  accomplished 
nothing  beyond  the  still  further  embitterment  of  the 
respective  parties.  In  the  meantime  the  Convention  Par- 
liament had  been  dissolved  and  a  new  one  summoned  in 
May,  1661,  so  violently  Poyalist  in  its  sympathies  that  it 
came  to  be  known  as  the  "Cavalier  Parliament."  It  lost 
no  time  in  indicating  its  spirit  and  policy.  Little  more 
than  two  months  after  assembling,  Parliament  passed  a 
Bill  for  restoring  the  Prelates  to  the  House  of  Lords,  and 
before  the  year  was  out  the  Corporation  Act  had  been 
placed  upon  the  Statute  Book.  This  Act  "required  that 
all  members  of  Corporations  should,  besides  taking  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy,  swear  that  it  is  not  lawful,  under  any 
pretence,  to  bear  arms  against  the  King,  and  that  the 
Solemn  League  and  Covenant  was  illegal.  It  also 
declared  every  one  ineligible  for  a  municipal  office, 
who  had  not,  within  one  year,  received  the  Lord's  Supper, 
according  to  the  rites  of  the  Church  of  England."  2  On 
the  19th  of  May,  1662,  the  Uniformity  Act  received  the 
Royal  assent.  It  is  an  exceedingly  lengthy  document  3 
and  Neal's  summary  will  be  sufficient.     This  is  as  follows  : 

1.  Religion  in  England,  vol.  iii,  p.  89. 

2.  Ihid.,  p.  196. 

3.  Printed  in  full  in  Bayne's  "English  Puritanism,"  pp.  386 — 404. 


36  The   Ejected   of  1662 

An  Act  for  the  Uniformity  of  publick  Prayers,  and  Administration 
of  Sacraments,  and  other  Rites  and  Ceremonies,  and  for  establishing 
the  Forms  of  making,  ordaining,  and  consecrating  Bishops,  Priests 
and  Deacons  in  the  Church  of  England. 

The  Preamble  sets  forth,  That  from  the  first  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
there  had  been  one  uniform  Order  of  Common  Service  and  Prayer 
enjoined  to  be  used  by  Act  of  Parliament,  which  had  been  very 
comfortable  to  all  good  People,  till  a  great  Number  of  People  in 
divers  Parts  of  the  Realm,  living  without  Knowledge  and  the  due 
Fear  of  God,  did  wilfully  and  schismatically,  refuse  to  come  to 
their  Parish  Churches,  upon  Sundays,  and  other  Days  appointed  to 
be  kept  as  Holy  Days.  And  whereas,  by  the  scandalous  Neglect  of 
Ministers  in  using  the  Liturgy  during  the  unhappy  Troubles,  many 
People  have  been  led  into  Factions  and  Schisms,  to  the  Decay  of 
religion  and  the  Hazard  of  many  Souls;  therefore,  for  preventing  the 
like  for  Time  to  come,  the  King  had  granted  a  Commission,  to  review 
the  Book  of  Common-Prayer,  to  those  Bishops  and  Divines  who  met 
at  the  Savoy ;  and  afterwards  his  Majesty  required  the  Clergy  in 
Convocation  to  revise  it  again ;  which  Alterations  and  Amendments 
having  been  approved  by  his  Majesty,  and  both  Houses  of  Parliament ; 
therefore  for  settling  the  Peace  of  the  Nation,  for  the  Honour  of 
Religion,  and  to  the  Intent  that  every  Person  may  know  the  Rule 
to  which  he  is  to  conform  in  publick  Worship  it  is  enacted  by  the 
King's  most  excellent  Majesty,  &c. 

That  all  and  singular  Ministers  shall  be  bound  to  say  and  use  the 
Morning  Prayer,  Evening  Prayer,  and  all  other  Common- Prayers 
in  such  Order  and  Form  as  is  mentioned  in  the  Book ;  and  that  every 
Parson,  Vicar,  or  other  Minister  whatsoever,  shall  before  the  Feast 
of  St.  Bartholomew  which  shall  be  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  1662, 
openly  and  publickly,  before  the  Congregation  assembled  for  Religious 
Worship,  declare  his  unfeigned  Assent  and  Consent  to  the  Use  of  all 
Things  contained  and  prescribed  in  the  said  book,  in  these  Words,  and 
no  other.  I  A.B.  do  here  declare  my  unfeigned  Assent  and  Consent 
to  all  and  every  Thing  contained  and  prescribed  in  and  by  the  Book, 
entitled,  the  Book  of  Common-Prayer,  and  Administration  of 
Sacraments,  and  other  Rites  and  Ceremonies  of  the  Church,  according 
to  the  Use  of  the  Church  of  England,  together  with  the  Psalter,  or 
Psalms  of  David,  pointed  as  they  are  to  be  sung  or  said  in  Churches; 
and  the  Form  and  Manner  of  making,  ordaining,  and  consecrating  of 
Bishops,  Priests  and  Deacons.  The  Penalty  for  neglecting  or  refusing 
to  make  this  Declaration,  is  Deprivation  i'pso  facto  of  all  his  spiritual 
PromotioJis. 

And  it  is  further  enacted,  that  every  Dean,  Canon,  Prebendary ;  all 
Masters,  Heads,  Fellows,  Chaplains,  and  Tutors  in  any  College,  Hall, 
House  of  Learning,  or  Hospital ;   all  publick  Professors,  Readers  in 


The    Uniformity   Act  2>7 

either  University,  and  in  every  College  and  elsewhere;  and  all 
Parsons,  Vicars,  Curates,  Lecturers ;  and  every  School-Master  keeping 
any  publick  or  private  School ;  and  every  Person  instructing  Youth  in 
any  private  Family,  shall  before  the  Feast  of  St.  Bartholomew  1662, 
subscribe  to  the  following  Declaration  (viz.)  I  A.B.  do  declare,  that 
it  is  not  lawful  upoai  any  Pretence  whatsoever,  to  take  Arms  against 
the  King ;  and  that  I  do  abhor  that  traitorous  Position  of  taking  Arms 
by  his  Authority,  against  his  Person,  or  against  those  that  are 
comfnissioned  by  him ;  and  that  I  will  conform  to  the  Liturgy  of  the 
Church  of  England,  as  it  is  by  Law  established.  And  I  do  hold, 
that  there  lies  no  Obligation  upon  me,  or  on  any  other  Person,  from 
the  Oath  commonly  called  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant,  to 
endeavour  any  Change  or  Alteration  of  Government  either  in  Church 
or  State;  and  that  the  same  was  in  itself  an  unlawful  Oath,  and 
imposed  upon  the  Subjects  of  this  Realm  against  the  known  laws 
and  Liberties  of  this  Kingdom. 

This  Declaration  is  to  be  subscribed  by  the  Persons  above- 
mentioned  before  the  Archbishop,  Bishop,  or  Ordinary  of  the  Diocese, 
on  Pain  of  Deprivation,  for  those  who  were  possessed  of  Livings; 
and  for  School-Masters  and  Tutors  three  Months  Imprisonment  for 
the  first  Offence ;  and  for  every  other  Offence  three  Months  Imprison- 
ment, and  the  Forfeiture  of  five  Pounds  to  his  Majesty.  Provided 
that  after  the  25th  of  March,  1682,  the  Renouncing  of  the  Solemn 
League  and  Covenant  shall  be  omitted. 

It  is  further  enacted,  that  no  Person  shall  be  capable  of  any 
Benefice,  or  presume  to  consecrate  and  administer  the  holy  Sacrament 
of  the  Lord's  Supper,  before  he  be  ordained  a  Priest  by  Episcopal 
Ordination,  on  pain  of  forfeiting  for  every  offence  one  hundred 
Pounds.  No  Form,  or  Order  of  Common-Prayer  shall  be  used  in  any 
Church,  Chapel,  or  other  Place  of  publick  Worship,  or  in  either  of 
the  Universities,  than  is  here  prescribed  and  appointed.  None  shall 
be  received  as  Lecturers,  or  be  permitted  to  preach,  or  read  any 
Sermon  or  Lecture  in  any  Church  or  Chapel,  unless  he  be  approved 
and  licensed  by  the  Archbishop  or  Bishop,  and  shall  read  the  Thirty 
Nine  Articles  of  Religion,  with  a  Declaration  of  his  unfeigned  Assent 
and  Consent  to  the  same ;  And  unless  the  first  Time  he  preaches  any 
Lecture  or  Sermon  he  shall  openly  read  the  Common-Prayer,  and 
declare  his  Assent  to  it ;  and  shall  oh  the  first  Lecture-Day  of  every 
Month  afterwards  before  Lectiwe,  or  Sermon  read  the  Common- 
Prayer  and  Service,  under  pain  of  being  disabled  to  preach;  and  if 
he  preach  while  so  disabled,  to  suffer  three  Months'  Imprisonment  for 
every  Offence.  The  several  Laws  and  Statutes  formerly  made  for 
Uniformity  of  Prayer  &c.  shall  be  in  force  for  confirming  the  present 
Book  of  Common-Prayer,  and  shall  be  applied  for  punishing  all 
Offences  contrary  to  the  said  Laws,  with  relation  to  the  said  Book, 


38  The   Ejected   of  1662 

and  no  other.  A  true  printed  Copy  of  the  said  Book  is  to  be 
provided  in  every  Parish  Church,  Chapel,  College  and  Hall,  at  the 
Cost  and  Charge  of  the  Parishioners,  or  Society,  before  the  Feast  of 
St.  Bartholomew,  on  pain  of  forfeiting  three  Pounds  a  Month,  for  so 
long  as  they  shall  be  unprovided  of  it.^ 

Obviously  this  Act  did  not  err  on  tlie  side  of  generosity; 
and  it  Avas  not  meant  that  it  should.  The  spirit  of  those 
who  were  responsible  for  it  will  be  evident  from  what 
Dr.  Sheldon,  the  Bishop  of  London,  subsequently  Arch- 
bishojD  of  Canterbury,  said.  Referring  to  the  Uniformity 
Act,  Dr.  Allen  remarked: — " 'Tis  pity  the  Door  is  so 
strait":  Sheldon  replied  : — "' 'Tis  no  pity  at  all;  if  we 
had  thought  st)  many  of  them  would  have  conformed  we 
would  have  made  it  straiter."  2  This  harsh  and  vindictive 
temper  reveals  itself  also  in  the  shortness  of  the  time 
limit  fixed  between  the  passing  of  an  Act  of  such  a 
momentous  character  and  the  date  Avhen  it  was  to  come 
into  operation.  "  The  Book  of  Common  Prayer  with  the 
new  corrections  was  that  to  which  they  were  to  subscribe," 
says  Bishop  Burnet, "but  the  corrections  were  so  long  a 
preparing,  and  the  vast  number  of  copies,  above  two 
thousand,  that  were  to  be  wrought  off  for  all  the  parish 
churches  of  England,  made  the  impression  go  on  so 
slowly,  that  there  were  few  books  set  out  to  sale  when 
the  d"ay  came.  So,  many  that  were  affected  to  the 
church,  but  that  made  conscience  of  subscribing  to  a  book 
that  they  had  not  seen,  left  their  benefices  on  that  very 
account.  Some  made  a  journey  to  London  on  purpose  to 
see  it.  With  so  much  precipitation  was  that  matter 
driven  on,  that  it  seemed  expected  that  the  clergy  should 
subscribe  implicitly  to  a  book  they  had  never  seen.  This 
was  done  by  too  many,  as  I  was  informed  by  some  of  the 
bishops."  ^  jSTeal  adds  that  there  was  "  not  one  Divine 
in  ten  that  lived  at  any  considerable  Distance  from 
London  that  did  peruse  it  within  that  Time."  "*  Additional 

1.  Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  pp.  359-362. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  366. 

3.  History  of  his  own  Times,  p.   126  (William  Smith). 

4.  Hist.   Pur.,  vol.   iv,  p.   363. 


► 


The   Conventicle   Act  39 

hardship  was  caused,  and  designedly  so,  in  ordaining  that 
the  Act  was  to  come  into  force  on  St.  Bartholomew's  Day. 
This  day  was  fixed  upon,  says  Bishop  Burnet,  that  "  if 
they  were  then  deprived,  they  should  lose  the  profits  of 
the  whole  year,  since  the  tithes  are  commonly  due  at 
Michaelmas."  ^ 

The  prime  author  of  this  Act  was  Edward  Hyde,  Earl 
of  Clarendon.  "A  strong  man,"  passionately  devoted  to 
his  Church,  enthused  with  the  Laudian  spirit,  he  scrupled 
not  at  the  harshest  proceedings  necessary  in  his  judgment 
to  strengthen  the  position  of  the  Church,  of  which  he  was 
such  a  zealous  friend  and  champion;  and  it  will  be  well 
at  this  point  to  indicate  briefly  two  other  measures,  his 
handiwork  also,  the  appropriate  sequel  to  his  Uniformity 
Act.  The  one  was  the  Conventicle  Act  of  1664.  It 
declared  :  — 

The  35th  of  Queen  Elizabeth  to  be  in  full  force,  which  condemns 
all  Persons  refusing  peremptorily  to  come  to  Church,  after  Conviction, 
to  Banishment,  and  in  case  of  Return,  to  Death,  without  Benefit  of 
Clergy.  It  enacts  furthei%  "  That  if  any  Person  above  the  age  of 
sixteen,  after  the  first  of  July,  1664,  shall  be  present  at  any  Meetirfg, 
under  Colour  or  Pretence  of  any  Exercise  of  Religion,  in  other 
manner  than  is  allowed  by  the  Liturgy  or  Practice  of  the  Church  of 
England,  where  shall  be  five  or  more  Persons  than  the  Household, 
shall  for  the  first  Offence  suffer  three  Months  Imprisonment,  upon 
Record  made  upon  Oath  under  the  Hand  and  Seal  of  a  Justice  of 
Peace ;  or  pay  a  Sum  not  exceeding  five  Pounds ;  for  the  second 
Offence  six  Months  Imprisonment,  or  ten  Pounds ;  and  for  the  third 
Offence  the  Offender  to  be  banished  to  some  of  the  American  Plantations 
for  seven  Years,  or  pay  one  hundred  Pounds,  excepting  New  England 
and  Virginia ;  and  in  case  they  return,  or  make  their  Escape,  such 
Persons  are  to  be  adjudged  Felons,  and  suffer  Death  without  Benefit 
of  Clergy.  Sheriffs,  or  Justices  of  Peace,  or  others  commissioned  by 
them,  are  empowered  to  dissolve,  dissipate,  and  break  up  all  unlawful 
Conventicles,  and  to  take  into  Custody  such  of  their  Number  as 
they  think  fit.  They  who  suffer  such  Conventicles  in  their  Houses 
or  Barns  are  liable  to  the  same  Forfeitures  as  other  Offenders.  The 
Prosecution  is  to  be  within  three  Months.  Married  women  taken  at 
Conventicles  are  to  be  imprisoned  twelve  Months,  unless  their 
Husbands   pay    forty   Shillings   for  their  Redemption.     This   Act   to 

1.  History  of  his  own  Times,  p.  126. 


40  The   Ejected   of  1662 

continue  in   force  for  three  Years  after  the  next  Session  of   Parlia- 
ment.   ' 

The  other  was  the  Five  Mile  Act  of  1665,  which  ordained 

that :  — 

Nonconformist  Ministers  shall  not  after  the  24th  of  March,  1665, 
unless  in  passing  the  Road,  come,  or  be  within  five  Miles  of  any  City, 
Town  Corporate,  or  Borough  that  sends  Burgesses  to  Parliament;  or 
within  five  Miles  of  any  Parish,  Town  or  Place  wherein  they  have 
since  the  Act  of  Oblivion  been  Parson,  Vicar  or  Lecturer  &c.  or  when 
they  have  preached  in  any  Conventicle  on  any  Pretence  whatsoever, 
before  they  have  taken  and  subscribed  the  abovesaid  Oath  ^  before 
the  Justices  of  Peace  at  their  Quarter  Sessions  for  the  County, 
in  open  Court;  upon  Forfeiture  for  every  such  Offence  of  the  Sum 
of  Forty  Pounds,  one  third  to  the  King,  another  third  to  the  Poor, 
and  a  third  to  him  that  shall  sue  for  it-  And  it  is  further  enacted. 
That  such  as  shall  refuse  the  Oath  aforesaid  shall  be  incapable  of 
teaching  any  publick  or  private  Schools,  or  of  taking  any  Boarders  or 
Tablers  to  be  taught  or  instructed,  under  pain  of  Forty  Pounds,  to 
be  distributed  as  -above.  Any  two  Justices  of  Peace,  upon  Oath  made 
before  them  of  any  Offence  committed  against  this  Act,  are  empowered 
to  commit  the  Offender  to  Prison  for  Six  Months,  without  Bail  or 
Mainprize.' 

This  series  of  Acts,  whose  *  animus  towards  everything 
bearing  the  semblance  of  Nonconformity  is  so  marked,  is 
generally  referred  to  as  the  "  Clarendon  Code." 

Returning  to  the  Uniformity  Act,  as  might  be  expected, 
considerable  numbers,  in  various  parts  of  the  country, 
accepted  the  new  condition  of  things  and  so  retained  their 
livings.     Baxter  names  three  sets  of  Conformists  :  — 

(1)  Some  of  the  old  Ministers,  called  Presbyterians  formerly,  who 
had  been  in  possession  before  the  King  came  in. 

(2)  Those  called  Latitudinarians,  mostly  Cambridge  men,  Platonists 
or  Cartesians,  many  of  them  Arminians,  with  some  additions. 

1.  Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  p.  394. 

2.  I,  A.  B.  do  swear,  that  it  is  not  lawful  upon  any  Pretence  whatso- 
ever, to  take  Arms  against  the  King  :  and  that  1  do  abhor  that 
traiterous  Position  of  taking  Arms  by  his  Authority,  against  his  Person, 
or  against  those  that  are  commissioned  by  him,  in  pursuance  of  such 
Commissions  :  and  that  I  will  not  at  any  Time  endeavour  any  Alteration 
of  Government  either  in  Church  or  State.     (Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  p.  400.) 

3.  Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  pp.  400,  401. 


Nonconformists  4 1 

(3)  Those  that  were  heartily  Conformists  throughout,  zealous  for 
the  Diocesan  Party  and  the  Cause.' 

A  great  number,  however,  refused  to  conform,  and  con- 
sequently were  silenced  or  ejected;  and  these  were  among 
the  most  cultured,  hard  working,  devout  and  saintly 
Ministers  in  the  Church.  Baxter  classes  them  under  the 
four  following  heads  :  — 

(1)  Some  few  (of  my  acquaintance)  who  were  for  the  old  Con- 
formity, for  Bishops,  Prayer  Book,  Ceremonies,  the  Old  Subscripticm 
and  against  the  imposing  and  taking  of  the  Covenant  (which  they 
never  took)  and  the  Parliament's  wars.  They  were  however  unable 
to  subscribe  their  "  assent  and  coaisent  to  all  things  now  imposed." 

(2)  A  greater  number  of  no  Sect  or  Party,  but  abhorring  the  very 
Name  of  Parties ;  who  like  Ignatius's  Episcopacy  but  not  the  English 
Diocesan  Frame  :  and  like  what  is  good  in  Episcopals,  Presbyterians 
or  Independents ;  but  reject  somewhat  as  evil  in  them  all  :  being  of 
the  Judgment  which  I  have  described  myself  to  be  in  the  beginning 
of  this  Book  :  that  can  endure  a  Liturgy,  and  like  not  the  Imposition 
of  the  Covenant ;  but  cannot  Assent  and  Consent  to  all  things  required 
in  the  Act,  nor  absolve  three  Kingdoms  from  all  Obligation  by  their 
Vows  to  endeavour  in  their  Places  the  Alteration  of  the  English 
Diocesan  Form  of  Government. 

(3)  The  Presbyterians,  the  soberest  and  most  judicious,  unanimous, 
peaceable,  faithful,  able,  constant  Ministers  in  the  Lord,  or  that  I 
have  heard  or  read  of  in  the  Christian  World. 

(4)  The  Independents,  for  the  most  part  a  serious  godly  People, 
some  of  them  moderate,  going  with  Mr.  Norton  and  the  New  England 
Synod  and  little  differing  from  the  moderate  Presbyterians,  and  as 
well  ordered  as  any  Party  that  I  know ;  but  others  more  raw  and  self- 
conceited  and  addicted  to  Separations  and  Divisions,  their  Zeal  being 
greater  than  their  Knowledge  who  have  opened  the  door  to  Anabaptists 
first  and  then  to  all  the  other  Sects. 2 

Baxter  himself  was  one  of  the  very  first  to  refuse 
Conformity,  being  at  the  time  without  "  place  but  only 
that  I  preached  twice  a  Week  by  Request  in  other  Men's 
Congregations  (at  Milkstreet  and  Blackfriars)."^  He 
preached  his  last  sermon  in  this  capacity  on  May  25th, 
1660,  just  six  days  after  the  Royal  signature  was  appended 

1.  Eel.  Bax.,  pp.  386,  387. 

2.  Ihid.,  p.  387. 

3.  Ihid.,  p.  384. 


42  The    Ejected   of  1662 

to  the  measure.     His  reason  for  acting  thus  early  is  given 
in  the  following  terms  :  — 

I  would  let  all  Ministers  in  England  understand  in  time,  whether 
I  intended  to  Conform  or  not :  For  had  I  stayed  to  the  last  day  some 
would  have  Conformed  the  sooner,  upon  a  Supposition  that  I  intended 
it.' 

Others,  however,  in  London  and  elsewhere,  preached 
Farewell  Sermons,  and  took  leave  of  their  congregations 
in  most  affecting  circumstances  the  Sunday  immediately 
preceding  St.  Bartholomew's  Day.  "  Such  a  passionate 
Zeal  for  the  Welfare  of  their  People  ran  through  their 
Sermons,"  says  Neal,  "as  dissolved  their  Audiences  into 
Tears."  2 

The  number  of  men  thus  silenced  and  ejected  is  usually 
given  as  two  thousand.     It  will  at  once  be  suspected  that 
this  is  only  a  general  term,  and  the  information  necessary 
to  preciseness  in  the  matter  is  never  likely  to  be  forth- 
coming.    All  investigation,  however,  goes  to  show  that 
the  figure  is  none  too  high.     Writes  Principal  Gordon  :  — 
Calamy's  own  volmnes  record  the  names  of   2465,   including  after- 
conformists.     Palmer  has  added  others.     Neither  Calamy  nor  Palmer 
is   exhaustive.      In  every  county  where  the   list   has   been   tested   by 
modern  research,  it  has  been  extended.     Thus,  in  Cheshire,   Calamy 
and   Palmer   give  fifty-two    names  :     Urwick    produces    authority    for 
sixty-two.     For  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  Calamy  and  Palmer  supply  one 
hundred  and  eighty-two  names  :    Browne,   while   removing   two  (one 
ejected    in    another    county),    adds    fourteen,    on    the    authority    of 
ecclesiastical  registers.     On  the  whole,  Oliver  Hey  wood  may  be  right 
in  estimating  those  permanently  disabled  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  at 
2500  :    while   Baxter  is  probably  justified   in  saying  that  about   1800 
of  them  entered  on  active  work  in  the  Nonconformist  ministry.' 

Mr.  Bate  in  his  recent  work  says  :  — 

As  regards  the  numbers  ejected,  after  some  months'  work  upon  the 
question,  we  would  offer  the  following  statistics,  at  the  same  time 
giving  warning  that  though  they  may  be  more  accurate  than  any 
offered  hitherto,  much  remains  to  be  done  before  reliable  statistics 
can  be  obtained. 

Ejected  in  England  and  Wales  between  May,  1660,  and  St. 
Bartholomew,    1662, — 450.     Ejected   in    England    and    Wales    at    St. 

1.  Eel.  Bax.,  p.  384. 

2.  Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  p.  369. 

3.  Eng.  U.  Hist.,  p.  80. 


Calamy's   Figures  43 

Bartholomew — 1,800.     These  figures  do  not  include  schoolmasters,  or 
clergy  who  were  merely  silenced.' 

When  we  come  to  examine  the  area  with  which  we 
are  specially  concerned,  it  will  be  found  to  present 
peculiarities  quite  its  own;  to  show  that  while  Calamy's 
list  is  in  no  way  inflated,  its  testimony  in  reference  to  the 
number  of  men  displaced  is  less  marked  in  that  direction 
than  in  the  cases  just  cited. 

The  lot  of  these  "on ted"  men  was  one  of  great  hardship 
and  suffering.  Baxter,  who  was  not  given  to  exaggeration 
in  these  matters,  says  :  — 

Hundreds  of  able  Ministers,  with  their  Wives  and  Children,  had 
neither  House  nor  Bread  :  For  their  former  Maintenance  served  them 
but  for  the  time,  and  few  of  them  laid  up  anything  for  the  future  : 
For  many  of  them  had  not  past  30  or  iOl  per  Annum  apiece,  and 
most  but  about  60  or  80^  per  Annum,  and  very  few  above  1001,  and 
few  had  any  considerable  Estates  of  their  own.  The  Peoples  Poverty 
was  so  great,  that  they  were  not  able  much  to  relieve  their  INIinisters. 
The  Jealousie  of  the  State,  and  the  Malice  of  their  Enemies  were  so 
great,  that  People  that  were  willing  durst  not  be  known  to  give  to 
their  ejected  Pastors,  least  it  should  be  said  that  they  maintained 
Schism,  or  were  making  Collections  for  some  Plot  or  Insurrection.* 

Calamy,  upon  very  reliable  authority,  tells  many  touch- 
ing stories  of  the  straits  to  which  these  men  were  reduced, 
and  contemporary  records  support  the  Historian  in  his 
"Account."^      Neal  contends  that  their  hardships  were 

1.  The  Declaration  of  Indulgence,  1672.  Appendix  II.  I  confess  to 
some  surprise  that  Mr.  Bate  should  venture  these  figures  after  only 
"some  months'  work  upon  the  question."  They  may  be  quite  correct,^ 
but  from  the  very  nature  of  the  case  they  cannot  be  more  than  a  guess. 
After  some  years'  work  upon  only  a  fraction  of  the  area  covered  by 
Calamy,  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  a  really  scientific  examina- 
tion of  his  work  means  stupendous  labour.  Superficial  defects  may  more 
easily  be  removed,  and,  perhaps,  even  that  is  worth  doing ;  but  a 
thorough  testing  of  Calamy's  figures  and  revision  of  his  work  is  almost 
beyond  pos-sibility  for  any  one  man.  One  fact  alone  will  make  this 
clear.  That  work  cannot  be  properly  done  without  an  examination  of 
the  Registers  of  each  Parish ;  and  "  who  is  sufficient  for  these  things  ?" 

2.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.   385. 

3.  Vide  Adam  Martindale's  Diary,  Henry  Newcome's  Autobiography 
and  Diary,  Diary  of  Roger  Lowe,  Thomas  Jollie's  Note  Book,  George 
Larkham's  Cockermouth  Ch.  Bk.  and  Oliver  Haywood's  Diaries. 


44  The   Ejected   of  1662 

greater  far  tlian  tliose  which  overtook  the  Roman  Catholics 
in  Queen  Elizabeth's  Protestant  Reformation,  or  the 
Loyalists  in  the  time  of  the  Civil  War.  The  latter  state- 
ment, in  particular,  has  been  frequently  contravened,  and 
still  is.  It  has  often  been  asserted  that  the  whole  period 
from  1646  to  1660,  during  which  Presbyterianism  and  the 
Commonwealth  were  in  the  ascendency,  was  a  tyranny  of 
the  worst  type,  and  especially  a  religious  tyranny. 
Walker,  whose  book  was  intended  as  a  counterblast  to 
Calamy's,  by  his  exaggerations  has  helped  to  strengthen 
that  idea.  ^  Doubtless  there  were  cases  of  real  hardship 
and  suffering  among  the  Sequestered  Clergy,     "Toleration 

1.  "  If  it  were  worth  while,"  says  Dr.  Brown,  "  to  test  Walker's 
statements  through  all  the  counties  of  England  and  Wales,  it  would 
probably  be  found  that  his  8,000  would  shrink  to  about  1,800,  and  that 
many  of  the  stories  he  was  told,  and  honestly  believed,  would  turn  out 
to  be  myths."  (Commonwealth  England,  p.  74.)  To  this  may  be  added 
the  testimony  of  Richard  Baxter,  no  friend  to  Cromwell  and  his  rule  : 
"  I  must  needs  say,  that  in  all  the  Countreys  where  I  was  acquainted, 
six  to  one  at  least  (if  not  many  more)  that  were  Sequestred  by  the 
Committee,  were  by  the  Oaths  of  Witnesses  proved  insufficient,  or 
scandalous,  or  both ;  especially  guilty  of  Drunkenness  or  Swearing ;  and 
those  that  being  able,  godly  Preachers  were  cast  out  for  the  War  alone, 
as  for  their  Opinions  Sake,  were  comparatively  very  few.  This  I  know 
will  displease  that  Party;  but  this  is  true."  (Rel.  Bax.,  p.  74.) 
Dr.  Brown's  criticism  of  Walker  is  here  cited  not  because  in  the  matter 
of  its  numbers  it  commends  itself  to  my  judgment.  I  have  not  tested 
Walker's  statements  "  through  all  the  counties  of  England  and  Wales," 
and,  therefore,  am  not  competent  to  pronounce  in  relation  to  the  whole 
question ;  but,  so  far  as  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  are  concerned, 
the  evidence  tells  strongly  in  the  other  direction.  As  tiie  reader 
proceeds  he  will  meet  with  name  after  name  which  finds  no  place  in 
Walker's  list,  and  yet  the  Sequestration  is  beyond  all  doubt-  Walker 
may  have  somewhat  inflated  his  list,  the  tendency  in  these  matters  is  to 
do  so;  but  it  is  only  right  to  say  that  the  evidence  for  this  is  not 
furnished  in  our  area.  It  is  the  second  part  of  Dr.  Brown's  criticism, 
in  which  he  is  in  agreement  with  Baxter,  upon  which  the  accent  should 
be  put.  Walker's  pages  are  full  of  the  idle  gossip  of  the  time ;  and 
many  of  the  pictures  of  suffering  which  he  sketches  were  largely 
imaginative,  though  doubtless  honestly  believed  by  their  author;  while 
the  character  of  a  very  large  proportion  of  the  Sequestered  was  entirely 
inconsistent  with  the  duties  of  their  sacred  calling. 


Sequestration  45 

was  a  new  idea,"^  says  Professor  Gwatkin,  and,  because 
new,  must  have  been  very  imperfectly  developed.  In  the 
bour  of  their  ascendency,  the  Presbyterians  called  the  civil 
power  to  their  assistance  to  coerce  the  consciences  of  others 
to  such  an  extent  that  Milton  in  his  scathing  lines  on 
"  new  Forcers  of  Consciences,"  said  "  new  Presbyter  is  but 
Old  Priest  writ  large."  Even  Cromwell,  probably  the 
most  liberal  minded  and  tolerant  man  of  his  day,  by  his 
"proclamation  of  November  25th,  1655,  forbade  seques- 
tered or  ejected  ministers  to  keep  any  school  either  public 
or  private,  or  either  publicly  or  privately  (except  in  their 
own  family),  preach  or  use  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer. 
But  Cromwell  seems  to  have  meant  this  rather  in  terrorem 
than  for  serious  use."  ^  That  this  was  so  is  made  clear  by 
the  case  of  Robert  Rickerby,  who,  after  being  sequestered 
from  Cockermouth,  served  as  Schoolmaster  at  Crosthwaite, 
and  actually  received  Augmentation  grants  as  such.^ 

It  has  already  been  intimated  that  the  charges  brought 
against  the  Clergy  thus  sequestered  more  than  justified 
their  removal.  They  were  charges  of  neglect  or 
"  delinquency,"  the  Incumbents  in  some  cases  having 
gone  to  the  King's  quarters  and  deserted  their  cures ;  of 
"  scandalousness,"  the  holders  of  not  a  few  of  the  livings 
being  openly  dissolute  and  immoral,  as  well  as  ignorant 
and  incompetent;  and  of  "malignancy,"  the  Incumbents 
being  violent  opponents  of  the  ruling  authority,  and  using 
their  positions  to  preach  rebellion.  Apart  from  all  this, 
however,  two  or  three  things  emerge  clearly  out  of  the 
chaos  of  that  period,  which  place  in  striking  contrast  the 
conduct  of  the  men  who  were  responsible  for  these  Seques- 
trations, when  set  sfde  by  side  with  that  of  those  who 
framed  and  enforced  the  Uniformity  Act  of  1662.  A 
careful   examination   of   the   three    MSS.   in   the   British 

1.  The  Cambridge  Modern  History,   vol.  v,   p.   326. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  328. 

3.  Vide  pp.  658,  683. 


46  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Museum  covering  the  years  1644—7/  also  of  the  Bodleian 
MSS.  and  other  documents,  furnishes  the  following  facts, 
all  of  which  receive  illustration  in  the  area  with  which 
we  are  concerned  :  — 

1.  Pluralism,  one  of  the  crying  scandals  of  the  time, 
was  vigorously  assailed  by  the  Committee  of  Plundered 
Ministers,  the  aim  being  to  secure  a  more  effective  ministry 
and  care  of  the  various  parishes. ^  Dr.  Shaw  seems  to 
suggest  that  this  was  one  of  many  "  excuses  "  of  which 
the  Committee  eagerly  availed  themselves,  for  the 
purpose  of  sequestering  the  Hoyalist  Clergy;^  but  such 
was  not  the  case.  The  men  in  question  were  summoned 
before  the  Committee  to  elect  which  living  they  would 
keep  and  which  relinquish ;  and  it  was  not  because  they 
were  Poyalist  Clergy  that  they  were  ordered  to  make 
this  choice.  It  was  the  principle  of  Pluralism  that  was 
assailed,  the  root  of  much  neglect  and  spiritual  destitution, 
and  the  Royalist  not  less  than  the  Parliamentarian 
was  frequently  left  undisturbed  in  his  single  living. 
Dr.  Shaw's  treatment  of  this  question  of  Sequestration 
is  the  least  satisfactory  part  of  his  valuable  work.  He  is 
too  much  in  bondage  to  the  traditional  view,  the  view 
which  is  the  product  of  ecclesiastical  bias,  the  view  of 
Walker  and  his  School.  He  assumes  that  the  regnant 
power  was  bound  to  retaliate,  to  satisfy  the  clamours  of 
its  supporters  and  sycophants ;  but  the  evidence  for  this  is 
not  forthcoming.  It  has  already  been  stated  that  cases 
of  real  hardship  doubtless  occurred.  That  would  be  in- 
evitable because  of  the  disturbed  condition  of  the  times, 
and  because  local  feeling  counted  for  so  much;  but 
everything  goes  to  show  that  responsible  authorities 
sought  to  deal  justly,  often  indeed  generously,  with  men 

1.  Additional  MSS.,  Nos.  15669—15671. 

2.  This  was  in  accordance  with  the  Act  "  against  the  enjoying  of 
pluralities  of  benefices  by  Spiritual  persons  and  non-residence,"  which 
was  passed  Jan.  16,  1642-3. 

3.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  188. 


I 


Pluralism  47 

who  were  even  known  not  to  be  in  sympathy  with  them. 
Where  a  Clergyman  used  his  position  to  preach  sedition, 
his  "  malignancy  "  not  infrequently  cost  him  his  living ; 
and  it  is  difficult  to  see  how  it  could  have  been  otherwise. 
He  had  simply  become  a  political  partisan ;  and,  assuming 
that  the  preservation  of  the  Commonwealth  was  their 
care,  it  was  scarcely  to  be  expected  that  ruling  authorities 
would  actually  place  men  in  positions  of  vantage,  which 
they  would  employ  with  a  view  to  their  own  subversion. 
The  chief  religious  aim  of  the  Commonwealth  regime  was 
to  establish  a  godly,  "  painefull,"  and  efficient  ministry, 
decently  supported,  throughout  the  country.  In  doing 
this,  it  singled  out  Pluralism  for  special  attack ;  and  there 
was  need,  for  the  system  largely  prevailed  and  its  evils 
were  most  serious.  No  better  evidence  of  the  viciousness 
of  Pluralism  can  be  furnished  than  the  entries  in  Bishop 
Nicolson's  A^isitation  Book  and  Diaries.^  The  picture 
which  he  sketches  of  the  condition  of  the  Clergy,  and  the 
Churches  in  the  Carlisle  Diocese  at  the  beginning  of  the 
18th  Century,  mainly  as  the  result  of  this  system,  is 
unspeakably  sad.  That  it  is  not  overdrawn  we  may  be 
quite  certain ;  but  there  was  scarcely  a  place  of  which  he 
could  speak  in  terms  of  unrestricted  praise.  He  tells  us 
that  the  Church  buildings  were  ill  kept ;  the  "  quires 
nasty,"  to  use  his  own  strong  and  expressive  language; 
and  the  Incumbents  disorderly  in  their  conduct  and 
doubtful  in  their  character.  It  was  this  sort  of  thing 
which  led  to  such  widespread  Sequestration  in  Common- 
wealth days. 

2.  Where  Sequestration  was  threatened  full  warning 
was  given  and  the  convenience  of  the  Sequestered  was  in 
every  way  considered.  The  marvellous  patience  of  the 
Committee  with  Bernard  Robinson  of  Torpenhow,  whose 
Royalist  proclivities  were  most  pronounced,  and  whose 
"  malignancy "  against  the  Government  was  so  marked, 
is  quite  an  outstanding  fact  in  the  story  of  that  place.  2 

1.  Miscel.  ;  also  Diaries — Trans.  (N.S.),  vols,  i — v.  Vide  also  Dr. 
Brown's  "English  Puritans,"  p.  68. 

2.  Vide  p.  574. 


48  The   Ejected   of  1662 

3.  On  August  ITtli,  1643,  Parliament  ordained  that  a 
Fifth  of  a  Sequestered  living  should  be  given  to  the  wife 
of  the  Sequestered  Minister  for  the  maintenance  of 
herself  and  children.  This  ordinance  is  much  depreciated 
by  certain  writers,  but  the  MSS.  in  question  make  it 
perfectly  plain  that  the  Plundered  Ministers'  Committee 
were  most  anxious  that  it  should  be  anything  but  a  dead 
letter.  The  case  of  William  Cole  of  Kirkby  Lonsdale  is 
particularly  interesting  from  that  point  of  view.  He  had 
taken  the  place  of  Greorge  Buchanan,  and  being  charged 
with  neglecting  or  refusing  to  pay  the  usual  Fifths  to 
the  Sequestered  Yicar's  wife,  though  he  was  their  own 
nominee,  the  Committee  gave  definite  instructions  that 
unless  the  Fifths  with  all  arrears  were  paid  within  a 
given  time,  the  living  should  be  sequestered  from  him. 
It  was  much  the  same  with  Simon  Atkinson  of  Lazonby, 
and  Richard  Hutton  of  Caldbeck.^  It  was  human  for 
those  men  to  object  to  such  big  slices  being  taken  out  of 
their  incomes;  but  the  one  thing  upon  which  the  Com- 
mittee appear  to  have  made  up  their  mind,  in  carrying  out 
their  Sequestration  orders,  was  that  needless  suffering 
should  not  be  inflicted ;  that,  at  any  rate,  the  wives  and 
children  should  be  protected  as  far  as  possible.  It  is 
impossible,  as  we  read  these  things,  not  to  feel  that  the 
conduct  of  the  Commonwealth  Sequestrators  stands  in 
pleasant  contrast  to  that  of  Clarendon,  Sheldon  and  others, 
who  framed  and  administered  the  Uniformity  Act  of 
1662. 

Clarendon  fell  from  power  in  1667,  and  fled  to  France 
for  safety,  where  he  passed  the  rest  of  his  life;  but  the 
repressive  legislation,  of  which  he  had  largely  been  the 
author,  continued  in  force ;  and,  in  1670,  the  Conventicle 
Act  was  renewed  and  made  more  stringent,  the  penalties 
imposed  upon  Nonconformists  being  considerably  heavier 
than  those  of  the  previous  Act. 

On  the  15th  of  March,  1671-2,  Charles  issued  his 
famous  Declaration  of  Indulgence,  which  suspended  the 

1.  Vide  pp.  319,  549. 


Indulgence   Declaration  49 

operation  of  all  the  penal  enactments  just  enumerated, 
and  gave  Nonconformists  permission  to  have  their  own 
religious  worship  in  places  licensed  for  the  purpose.  As 
this  document  is  of  supreme  importance  it  is  here  printed 

in  extenso  :  — 

Charles  Rex. 

Our  Care  and  Endeavours  for  the  Preservation  of  the  Rights  and 
Interests  of  the  Church,  have  been  sufficiently  manifested  to  the 
World,  by  the  whole  Course  of  our  Government  since  our  happy 
Restoration,  and  by  the  majiy  and  frequent  Ways  of  Coercion  that 
we  have  used  for  reducing  all  erring  or  dissenting  Persons,  and  for 
composing  the  unhappy  Differences  in  Matters  of  Religion,  which  we 
found  among  -our  Subjects  upon  our  Return ;  but  it  being  evident  by 
the  sad  Experience  of  twelve  Years,  that  tl:  ere  is  very  little  Fruit  of 
all  these  forcible  Courses,  We  think  our  self  obliged  to  make  use 
of  that  supream  Power  in  Ecclesiastical  Matters  which  is  not  only 
inherent  in  us,  but  hath  been  declared  and  recognized  to  be  so,  by 
several  Statutes  and  Acts  of  Parliament;  and  therefore  we  do  now 
accordingly  issue  this  our  Declaration,  as  well  for  the  quieting  of  our 
good  Subjects  in  these  Points,  as  for  inviting  Strangers  in  this 
Conjuncture  to  come  and  live  under  us ;  and  for  the  better  Encourage- 
ment of  all  to  a  chearful  following  of  their  Trades  and  Callings,  from 
whence  we  hope,  by  the  Blessing  of  God,  to  have  many  good  and 
happy  Advantages  to  our  Government ;  as  also  for  preventing  for  the 
Future  the  Danger  that  might  otherwise  arise  from  private  Meetings 
and  seditious  Conventicles.  And  in  the  first  Place,  we  declare  our 
express  Resolution,  Meaning  and  Intention  to  be  that  the  Church  of 
England  be  preserved,  and  remain  entire  in  its  Doctrine,  Discipline 
and  Government  as  mow  it  stands  established  by  Law;  and  that 
this  be  taken  to  be,  as  it  is,  the  Basis,  Rule,  and  Standard  of  the 
general  and  publick  Worship  of  God,  and  that  the  Orthodox  conform- 
able Clergy  do  receive  and  enjoy  the  Revenues  belonging  thereunto, 
and  that  no  Person,  tho'  of  a  different  Opinion  and  Persuasion,  shall 
be  exempt  from  paying  his  Tithes,  or  other  Dues  whatsoever.  And 
further  we  declare,  that  no  person  shall  be  capable  of  holding  any 
Benefice,  Living,  or  Ecclesiastical  Dignity  or  Preferment,  of  any  kind 
in  this  our  Kingdom  of  England,  who  is  not  exactly  conformable. 
We  do  in  the  next  place  declare  our  Will  and  Pleasure  to  be,  that 
the  Execution  of  all,  and  all  manner  of  Penal  Laws  in  Matters 
Ecclesiastical,  against  whatsoever  Sort  of  Non-Conformists  or 
Recusants,  be  immediately  suspended,  and  they  are  hereby  suspended ; 
and  all  Judges,  Judges  of  Assize  and  Gaol  Delivery,  Sheriffs,  Justices 
of  Peare,  Mayors,   Bailiffs,  and   other   Officers   whatsoever,   whether 

E 


50  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Ecclesiastical  or  Civil,  are  to  take  Notice  of  it,  and  pay  due  Obedience 
thereunto. 

And  that  there  may  be  no  Pretence  for  any  of  our  Subjects  to 
continue  their  illegal  Meetings  and  Conventicles,  we  do  declare,  that 
we  shall  from  Time  to  Time  allow  a  sufficient  Number  of  Places,  as 
they  shall  be  desired,  in  all  Parts  of  this  our  Kingdom,  for  the  Use 
of  such  as  do  not  conform  to  the  Church  of  England,  to  meet  aaad 
assemble  in  order  to  their  publick  Worship  and  Devotion,  which 
Places  shall  be  open  and  free  to  all  Persons. 

But  to  Prevent  such  Disorders  and  Inconveniences  as  may  happen 
by  this  our  Indulgence,  if  not  duly  regulated ;  and  that  they  may  be 
the  better  protected  by  the  Civil  Magistrate,  our  express  Will  and 
Pleasure  is,  that  none  of  our  Subjects  do  presume  to  meet  in  any 
Place,  until  such  Places  be  allowed,  and  the  Teacher  of  that  Congre- 
gation be  approved  by  us. 

And  lest  any  should  apprehend  that  this  Restriction  should  make 
our  said  Allowance  and  Approbation  difficult  to  be  obtained,  we  do 
further  declare,  that  this  our  Indulgence,  as  to  the  Allowance  of  the 
publick  Places  of  Worship,  and  Approbation  of  the  Preachers,  shall 
extend  to  all  sorts  of  Non-Conformists  and  Recusants,  except  the 
Recusants  of  the  Roman  Catholick  Religioai,  to  whom  we  shall  in  no 
wise  allow  publick  Places  of  Worship,  but  only  indulge  them  their 
Share  in  the  common  Exemption  from  the  Penal  Laws,  and  the 
Exercise  of  their  Worship  in  their  private  Houses  only. 

And  if  after  this  our  Clemency  and  Indulgence  any  of  our  Subjects 
shall  pretend  to  abuse  this  Liberty,  and  shall  preach  seditiously,  or 
to  the  Derogation  of  the  Doctrine,  Discipline  or  Government  of  the 
Established  Church,  or  shall  meet  in  Places  not  allowed  by  us,  we 
do  hereby  give  them  Warning  and  declare,  we  will  proceed  against 
them  with  all  imaginable  Severity.  And  we  will  let  them  see,  we  can 
be  as  severe  to  punish  such  Offenders  when  so  justly  provoked,  as 
we  are  indulgent  to  truly  tender  Consciences. 

Given  at  our  Court  at  Whitehall  this  15th  Day  of  March  in  the 
four  and  Twentieth  Year  of  our  Reign.  ^ 

This  Declaration  was  generally  welcomed  by  Noncon- 
formists because  of  the  relief  which  it  offered.  Some 
scrupled  and  hesitated,  but  they  were  comparatively 
few.  Staunch  men  and  advanced  like  Thomas  Jollie  of 
Wymondhouses,  and  George  Larkham  of  Cockermouth, 
held  Thanksgiving  Services  and  secured  their  Licenses  at 
the  earliest  convenient  moment.  The  first  batch  was 
issued  as  early  as  April  2nd,   1672,   little  more  than  a 

1.  Hist.  Pur.,  vol.  iv,  pp.  443-445. 


Indulgence  Licenses  5 1 

fortnight  after  the  Indulgence  had  been  made  public; 
and  there  was  quite  a  large*  number  of  them.  It  is 
interesting  to  note  that  the  second  License  issued  was  for 
"  Theophilus  Polwheele,  M.A.,"  formerly  a  Cumberland 
Minister,  then  resident  at  Tiverton ;  and  that  "  Comfort 
Starre "  also,  previously  at  Carlisle,  then  at  Sandwich, 
Kent,  and  William  Baldwin  at  Chisnall,  Lancashire, 
where  Eoger  Baldwin,  formerly  of  Penrith,  preached, 
appear  in  the  earliest  list  of  applicants. 

Allowing  somewhat  for  a  vigorous  imagination,  Mr. 
J,  B.  Marsh  catches  the  spirit  of  the  time  as  he  thus  vividly 
describes  the  reception  of  the  Indulgei  ce  Declaration  in 
the  country :  — 

Carriers  in  charge  of  country  waggons  spread  the  intelligence  in 
every  little  village  through  which  they  passed.  Guards  of  fast  coaches 
caused  the  Declaration  to  be  read  aloud  by  the  landlords  of  inns  at 
which  they  stopped  to  bait  or  change  their  horses.  Itinerant 
preachers  carried  the  Declaration  in  their  Bibles  and  read  it  to  the 
congregations  to  which  they  preached.  And  whether  the  news  was 
told  in  barn  or  kitchen,  in  cellar  or  wainscotted  chamber,  everywhere 
it  excited  exceeding  happiness.  The  fact  of  the  Indulgence  added 
point  to  many  a  sermon,  inspired  the  devotion  of  many  a  prayer,  and 
gave  volume  to  the  singing  of  many  a  psalm-  The  tin-streamers  as 
they  laboured  amoaigst  the  gorse  on  the  hill-sides  of  Cornwall,  spoke 
to  each  other  joyfully  of  the  great  concessions  made  by  the  King. 
The  weavers  of  Lancashire,  as  they  bent  over  their  looms,  sang  psalms 
in  their  joy,  and  were  no  longer  fearful  of  the  listeners  who  might 
be  at  their  doors.  The  armourers  of  Warwickshire,  the  blacksmiths 
of  Northumberland,  the  coal-winners  of  Wales,  partook  of  the  general 
joy.  Artisans  in  towns,  and  fishermen  on  the  coasts,  manifested  a 
similar  amount  of  enthusiasm ;  while  poor  hinds,  as  they  drove  their 
awkward  ploughs  through  the  rich  soil,  chanted  psalms  with  glad 
hearts  because  of  the  King's  Indulgence.' 

It  is  not  easy  to  fix  precisely  the  number  of  Licenses 
issued;  but  the  writer  just  quoted,  who  had  made  a 
careful  study  of  the  original  documents,  in  the  Record 
Office,  says :  — 

Altogether  there  were  granted  between  April  2nd,  1672,  and 
February   3rd,   1672-3,^    3,356   licenses   for   preachers   and   preaching- 

1.  The  Congregationalist  for  1872,  p.  464. 

2.  The  Declaration  was  withdrawn  on  Feb.   7th,   1672-3. 


52  The   Ejected   of  1662 

places.  Of  that  number  1,712  were  preachers'  licenses;  and  of  the 
remaining  1,644  licensed  places  simply,  upwards  of  1,000  were  houses 
belonging  to  men  who  were  doubtless  in  the  habit  of  preaching  to 
small  congregations  in  their  own  dwellings,  l 

Mr.  F,  H.  Blackburne  Daniell,  M.A.,  in  his  elaborate 
and  carefully  prepared  Introduction  to  the  Calendar  of 
State  Papers,  2  gives  the  number  of  personal  Licenses 
issued  in  England  and  Wales  including  three  for 
Guernsey  as  1,481 ;  while  Mr.  Bate  says :  "Allowing  that 
the  numbers  may  need  revision,  1,508  preachers  were 
licensed."  ^ 

Professor  Lyon  Turner  in  answer  to  an  enquiry  sends 
the  following :  — 

The  number  of  Licenses,  excluding   duplicates  and  triplicates,  by 

actual  Counting;   both  for  Teachers  and  Householders  (for  meeting 

places)  is  as  follows  : — 

1.  Teachers  : 

i.  England  and  Channel  Islands 1,549 

ii.  Wales        65 

Total       1,614 

2.  Householders  : 

i.  England  and  Channel  Islands 2,457 

ii.  Wales        109 

Total       2,566 

These  make  a  Grand  Total  of  4,180  Individuals  actually  licensed  in 
1672/3.     Of  these  : 

Presbyterians   were     935 


Coaigregationalists        

Baptists  

No  particular  Denomination 
Antinomian  


464 
210 

4 
1 


1,614 

Then  there  is  the  question  of  undated  entries.  Are  they  to  be 
reckoned  as  actually  issued  or  not?  There  were  over  1,100  entries 
undated. 

With  reference  to  the  original  licenses  still  extant  I  have  come  upon 
8  in  addition  to  the  6  mentioned  by  Bate. 
1.  The  Congregationali.st  for  1872,  p.  467. 

2,  Cal.  S.  P.,  Dom.  for  1672—1673,  p.  xliii. 

3.  The  Declaratiooi  of  Indulgence,  1672,  p.  98. 


Indulgence   Licenses  .  53 

As  just  intimated  the  Licenses  both  for  buildings  and 
persons  were  issued  under  certain  denominational  names, 
the  numbers  being  as  stated  in  Prof.  Turner's  communi- 
cation. Richard  Baxter  and  Francis  Bampfield  are 
simply  called  "  IS^onconf orming  "  Ministers;  two,  Jerome 
Gregorie  in  Buckinghamshire  and  John  Axford  in 
Wiltshire,  are  without  denominational  name ;  while 
Richard  Coore  of  Tonge,  in  Yorkshire,  is  described  as  an 
"Antinomian."  The  Quakers  do  not  appear :  they  applied 
for  no  Licenses.  Mr.  Daniell  from  his  careful  analysis 
of  the  License  documents  deduces  some  interesting  facts 
as  to  the  relative  strength  of  Nonconformity  in  various 
parts  of  the  country.  "  Some  of  the  most  remarkable 
facts  that  appear,"  says  he,  "  are  (1)  the  great  strength 
of  the  Nonconformists  in  and  about  London  and  in  the 
West.  Deducting  duplicates,  London,  Middlesex,  Surrey, 
Essex,  and  Kent  contain  272  ministers  and  the  four 
Western  Counties,  Devon,  Dorset,  Somerset,  and  Cornwall 
263,  being  respectively  a  little  over  and  a  little  under  18 
per  cent,  of  the  total  number.  (2)  Their  weakness  in  the 
four  Northern  Counties  and  in  Wales.  In  the  former 
there  were  only  31,  and  in  the  latter  only  45."  ^  With 
two  of  the  Northern  Counties  we  shall  deal  a  little  more 
fully  subsequently. 

The  original  applications  for  Licenses  are  preserved  in 
the  Record  Office,  and,  doubtless,  many  a  pathetic  story 
lies  enshrined  within  the  simple  documents.  "  There 
are  some  hundreds  of  pieces  of  paper,"  says  Mr.  Marsh, 
"  no  bigger  than  the  palm  of  a  man's  hand,  containing 
the  name  and  address  of  the  writer;  many  bear  signs  of 
having  been  torn  out  of  some  book,  others  are  large  sheets 
with  as  many  as  thirty  addresses  upon  each."  ^     Where  a 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1672-3,  Intro.,  p.  Ix.  The  whole  of  this  Article 
will  repay  careful  study  on  the  part  of  any  one  interested  in  these  Indul- 
gence Documents.  It  is  necessary,  however,  to  remember  what  has  been 
previously  said  in  reference  to  the  significance  of  the  terms  "  Presby- 
terian "  and  "  Congregational  "  (vide  p.  28). 

2.  The  Congregationalist  for  1872^  p.   465. 


54  The   Ejected   of  1662 

License  was  issued  in  full  and  proper  form  it  is  represented 
in  tlie  E-ecord  Office  by  three  documents :  — 

1.  Application  for  License  accompanied  sometimes  by 
a  Petition  from  a  considerable  body  of  people. 

2.  Date  of  actual  issue  of  License. 

3.  Receipt  for  tbe  License  thus  issued.  ' 

Not  infrequently  the  applications  appear  to  have  been 
duplicated,  and  sometimes  the  Licenses  are  undated,  a 
fact  which  has  led  to  the  conjecture  that  such  were  never 
actually  issued,  i 

The  Licenses  were  of  three  kinds  :  — 

1.  To  be  a  Preacher  in  a  particular  Place  and  to  a 
particular  Congregation. 

2.  To  be  a  Preacher  at  large. 

3.  For  a  particular  Building. 

The  following  is  a  specimen  of  the  kind  issued  for 
No.  1,  blanks  being  left,  of  course,  for  names  of 
Persons,  Places,  and  Congregations.  This  is  the  one 
issued  to  John  Angier  of  Denton ;   it  is  still  in  existence. 

Charles  R. 

Charles  by  the  Grace  of  God,  King  of  England,  Scotland,  France 
and  Ireland,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  &c.  To  all  Mayors,  Bayliffs, 
Constables,  and  other  Our  Officers  and  Ministers,  Civil  and  Military, 
whom  it  may  concern,  Greeting.  In  pursuance  of  Our  Declaration  of 
the  15th  of  March,  167^.  We  have  allov^red,  and  We  do  hereby  allow 
of  a  Rooms  or  Roomes  in  the  house  of  John  Angier  of  Manchester 
pish  in  Lancash.  to  be  a  place  for  the  Use  of  Such  as  do  not  conform 
to  the  Church  of  England,  who  are  of  the  Perswasion  conunonly 
called  presbyterien  to  meet  and  assemble  in,  in  order  to  their  publick 
Worship  and  Devotion.  And  all  and  singular  Our  Officers  and 
Ministers,  Ecclesiastical,  Civil  and  Military,  whom  it  may  concern, 
are  to  take  due  notice  hereof  :  And  they,  and  every  of  them,  are 
hereby    strictly    charged    and    required    to    hinder    any    tumult    or 

1.  The  late  Rev.  Bryan  Dale,  M.A.,  however,  in  a  letter  to  me  shortly 
before  his  death,  said  that  this  conjecture  could  not  be  sustained,  as  he 
himself  had  found  several  undated  Licenses  in  Yorkshire,  which  were 
known  to  have  been  issued. 


Dr.    Butler  55 

disturbance,  and  to  protect  them  in  their  said  Meetings  and 
Assemblies.  Given  at  our  Court  at  Whitehall,  the  30th  day  of 
September  in  the  24th  year  of  Our  Reign,  1672. 

By  His  Majesties  Commaoid. 
John  Angler's  house.  Arlington.* 

The  buildings  tlius  licensed  for  religious  worship  were 
of  every  possible  description :  barns,  brick  kilns,  out- 
houses, private  dwelling  houses,  an  occasional  Court 
house,  "  newly  erected  meeting  houses,"  and,  in  a  few 
instances,  a  Church  or  a  Chapel.  At  first,  however,  there 
was  considerable  difficulty  in  securing  a  License  for  the 
latter  kind  of  building,  lest  Nonconformist  worship,  as 
thus  observed,  should  prove  to  be  a  serious  competitor  to 
that  of  the  Established  Church.  This  led  Dr.  Butler,2 
who  acted  as  a  sort  of  intermediary  between  the  Noncon- 
formists on  the  one  hand,  and  Sir  Joseph  Williamson  and 
Lord  Arlington  on  the  other,  to  take  up  their  case.  His 
letter  to  Lord  Arlington  dated  April  26th,  1672,  is  thus 
epitomised :  — 

I  should  not  be  faithful  if  I  concealed  the  daily  growth  of 
jealousies.  Protestant  Dissenters  conclude  this  their  liberty,  so 
graciously,  so  freely  granted  by  his  Majesty,  will  be  short  lived  in 
regard  it  is  so  stifled  in  the  birth.  Public  places,  which,  it  was 
declared,  should  be  allowed,  are  now  refused,  and  they  licensed  to  no 
more  than  what  those  of  the  Romish  persuasion  freely  enjoy.  They 
say,  why  not  Halls,  Schools,  or  Chapels  not  endowed,  they  being  by 
declaration  only  debarred  Church  benefices  ?  Let  others  supply  un- 
endowed chapels  with  preaching  ministers,  Dissenters'  desires  of  them 
presently  cease,  otherwise  they  conclude  where  God  hath  his  church, 
the  Devil  might  have  his  chapel,  it  being  his  great  work  to  keep  the 
Gospel  from  being  preached.  Every  day  almost  affords  tidings  (I  can 
show  some)  from  the  countries  of  the  many  frequent  and  fervent 
blessing  of  God  and  the  King.  'Tis  great  pity  that  anything,  by 
lessening  his  Majesty's  so  merciful  grant,  should  be  done  to  hinder  so 
good,  so  advantageous  a  work,  as  the  getting  the  hearts  of  the  people, 
which  now,  as  the  heart  of  one  man,  begin  to  say — 'Long  may  your 
Majesty  live,  and  rule  over  us.'  These  are  weighty  reasons,  I 
conceive,  rather  of  choice  to  allow  them  these  public  places.3 

1.  Copied  from  facsimile  of  original  in  "  Historical  Account  of  Dukin- 
field  Chapel,"  by  Alexander  Gordon,  M.A.,  p.  28. 

2.  Vide  p.  56,  note  2. 

3.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1671-2,  p.  381. 


56  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Previously,  indeed  only  four  days  after  the  Indulgence 
Declaration,  Dr.  Butler  had  made  a  number  of  sugges- 
tions to  Sir  Joseph  Williamson  in  reference  to  the  matter, 
all  in  the  interests  of  those  for  whom  the  Indulgence  was 
intended.  His  letter,  dated  Tuesday,  March  19th,  1671-2, 
11  o'clock,  is  again  summarised  thus:  — 

(1)  That  some  reasonable  time  be  given  to  the  countries  for  taking 
licences.  (2)  That  where  no  public  meeting-house  is,  a  private  one  be 
allowed,  but  yet  as  public ;  if  they  have  not  fixed  it  at  present,  that 
time  be  given  for  it.  (3)  That  they  be  licensed  to  preach  in  any 
licensed  place.  (4)  That  they  be  licensed  on  particular  occasions  to 
preach  in  private  families  as  for  fasting  or  thanksgiving.  (5)  That 
all  Nonconformists,  which  have  not  a  people,  but  preach  occasionally., 
may  be  licensed,  being  obliged  to  set  the  doors  open,  wherever  they 
shall  so  preach  (Note  by  Williamson,  'Negatived').  (6)  That  so  far 
as  with  safety  may  be,  a  connivance  be  had  to  those  whose  wild 
principles  suffer  them  not  to  accept  this  act  of  so  great  grace  (Noted 
'Quakers,  Fifth  Monarchy').  (7)  That  the  way  of  obtaining  licence 
be  not  made  burdensome  or  troublesome.  ...  If  to  this  great  act  of 
grace  were  added  a  way  for  the  people  to  come  at  justice  in  law  cases 
in  a  short  time,  I  think  it  would  be  beyond  the  power  of  the  devil 
and  bad  men  to  give  his  Majesty  any  disturbance  in  his  kingdoms. 
These  things  will  abundantly  please.' 

It  has  already  been  suggested  that  the  securing  of  a 
License  required  some  effort.  Generally  it  was  done 
through  an  agent,  Dr.  Butler  ^  just  mentioned  acting  in 
that  capacity. 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1671-2,  p.  217. 

2.  Professor  Turner,  in  a  letter,  says  that  he  was  "a  Church  of 
England  Clergyman  who  was  for  ever  place-seeking  and  hanging  on  the 
Court  through  Prince  Kupert  and  others."  This,  however,  has  been 
found  to  be  incorrect,  that  description  applying  to  a  Dr.  John  Butler, 
who  for  some  time  was  Chaplain  to  the  English  Colony  at  Breda  and 
afterwards  to  Prince  Rupert  on  the  "Royal  George."  The  License 
agent  was  Nicholas  Butler,  Doctor  of  Medicine,  who  obtained  his  degree 
from  Cambridge  University  by  Royal  Letters  from  Charles  II.  in 
recognition  of  his  volimtary  service  rendered  to  the  suffering  poor 
during  the  Great  Plague.  He  petitioned  the  King  in  1672  for  pardon 
on  having  married  a  second  time,  his  first  wife,  who  had  been  divorced 
for  adultery,  being  still  alive.  He  is  an  interesting  person  and 
for  some  reason  or  other,  championed  very  vigorously  the  Nonconformist 
cause  in  this  matter  of  Licenses. 


Thomas   Blood  57 

The  following  letter  from  his  pen  throws  light  upon  the 
way  in  which  these  Licenses  were  obtained :  — 

Letter  from  Mr.  Butler  of  London  to  a  Dissenter  in  the  Country.' 

"Lond.  Ap.  4th.  '72. 
I  am  not  unmindful  of  friends,  and  therefore  thought  good  to  offere 
my  service  to  you  and  any  of  your  brethren,  in  order  to  procuring 
licenses.  [They]  shall  cost  nothing.  Our  London  ministers  have 
returned  thankes,  and  most  have  already  taken  out  their  licenses.  Its 
expected  that  someth  :  by  way  of  addresse  be  sent  from  those  in  the 
countrey.  2  examples  I  have  sent  you,  coppyed  by  my  men  from  the 
originall ;  the  places  must  be  mentioned  and  so  licensed,  the  name  of 
the  minister  and  his  Persuasion,  and  so  he  wiH  [would]  not  only  be 
licensed  to  this  place,  but  to  all  places  whatever  we  have  licensed. 
If  you  please  you  may  direct  your  letter  to  mee  in  little  St.  Hellens  in 
Bishopgate  Street, 

I  am 

Sr.  your  loving  friend 

Nicholas  Butler."^ 

John  Hickes  also  served  in  a  similar  capacity.  He  was 
the  distinguished  Nonconformist  Minister  ejected  from 
Stoke  in  Devonshire,  who  suffered  death  in  1685  in  con- 
nection with  the  Monmouth  Eebellion.s 

Colonel  Thomas  Blood  was  another  of  these  License 
agents.  His  theft  of  the  Crown  Jewels  about  twelve 
months  previously  made  him  notorious.  The  Bradshaigh 
MS.  gives  considerable  information  respecting  attempts 
made  to  effect  his  capture  in  Lancashire  on  other  and 
earlier  charges.  Sir  William  Morton,  "  one  of  his  Maties 
Justices  of  the  Court  of  Kinges  Bench,"  in  his  instructions 
"  to  all  Sherrif  es  Mayors  Balliffes  Constables  head 
boroughes  Tythingmen  &  othr  his  Maties  Officers  as  well 
within  Libertys,"  dated  February  23rd,  1670-1,  says:  — 
Whereas  J  am  Credibly  informed  that  Marke  Bloud  Thomas  Bloud 

and  Willm  Moore  stand  outlawed   for  high  Treason  in   Ireland   and 

doe  lurke  up  and  downe  in  this  Kingdome  of  England,   Theise  are 

1.  The  author  of  the  work  from  which  it  is  extracted  appends  a  note 
to  the  effect  that  in  all  probability  this  Dissenter  lived  in  Lancashire. 

2.  Presbyterian  and  General  Baptist  Chiorches  in  the  West  of  England, 
by  Jerom  Murch,  p.  378. 

3.  Calamy,  vols,  ii,  p.  248 ;  iii,  p.  333. 


58  The   Ejected   of  1662 

therefore  to  will  &  require  you  &  in  his  Maties  name  to  Charge  & 
Comand  you  &  evry  one  of  you  upon  sight  hereof  to  make  diligent  search 
and  Inquiry  in  all  suspected  places  within  yor  sevall  pr'sincts  where  the 
sd  psons  may  bee  ffound  and  use  yor  Uttmost  Endeavours  for  the 
Apprehension  of  the  aforesd  Marke  Bloud  Thomas  Bloud  and  Willm 
Moore,  &  ev'ry  of  them,  And  them  to  bringe  before  me  or  some  other 
of  his  Maties  Justices  of  the  peace  neare  the  place  where  they  or  any 
of  them  shall  be  taken  &c. 

Two  letters  relating  to  the  matter  addressed  to  Sir 
Roger  Bradshaigli,  Deputy  Lieutenant  of  the  County  of 
Lancashire,  are  here  appended  :  — 

Honrd  Sr. 

Yors  of  the  24th.  J  thanke  you  for,  and  have  Inclosed  a  discription 
of  Blood  which  J  did  allsoe  on  this  day  seavennight  my  Cossen  Roger 
Reed  your  Irs.  as  I  was  with  him  to  see  him  take  Coach  to  Puttney — 
he  din'd  with  a  Create  many  Cheshire  and  Lancashire  Gent,  uppon  A 
Invitation  of  Doctor  Smalewood  who  gave  us  a  noble  treate  yesterday- 
meane  tyme  aboute  3  of  the  Clocke  in  the  afternoone  the  Dutches  of 
Yorke  dy'd,  This  day  his  Matie  is  Expected  in  toune  from  New- 
markett.  The  house  is  now  upon  the  Law  bill,  And  I  beleeve  wee 
shall  rise  within  this  fortnight,  since  his  Matie  sent  to  us  to  make  a 
recesse  on  this  day  senight.  I  hope  to  see  you  soone  after  our  risinge 
of  the  house  and  therefore  referr  what  I  have  to  say  till  I  see  you 
My  Lord  Ormond  thankes  you  for  your  Care,  &  desires  your  Con- 
tinuance Mr.  Vice  Chancellor  gave  you  an  account  of  what  pass'd 
Concerninge  Tyldesley,  I  shall  say  noe  more,  but  you  may  be  very  well 
Satisfy'd  with  his  Maties  good  opinion  of  you.  My  Service  to  your 
good  Lady  Cossen  Betty  and  all  my  good  friends,  to  Betty  my 
Blessing,  Bro  :  and  Sister  Errington  p'sent  there  Service  to  you  are 
glad  you  seale  your  pte-  God  will  reward  you  for  your  care  of  your 
Betty  and  her  Brothers.  Brother  Freddy  doath  much  obstruct  them. 
I  am  Sorry  things  are  not  soe  fairely  Carry'd  amongst  soe  neare 
relaccons,  I  thought  a  poore  Satisfaction  for  my  Children,  better  then 
to  have  longe  Suite  to  greate  hazard  and  Cost,  Deare  Sr  I  am 

Yours 
London  Aprill  L  71.  R.  Kiekby. 

The  house  sitt  raorninge  and  afternoone 
and  I  am  call'd  downe  into  the  house. 

Mr.  Blood  is  aslendor  man  some  what  Inclining  to  Tallnes,  a  Long 
leane  pale  face  with  pocke  holes  in  it,  Smale  Grey  Eyes  and  hollow, 
with  a  light  Browne  straight  haire. 

*  this  Blood  and  his  Sone,  and  one  ]\Ir.  Moore  were  the  psona  who 
attempted  to  Steale  the  Kings  Crowne  out  of  the  Tower  and  had  got 


Thomas   Blood  59 

it  to  the  2d  Gate  they  weare  the  psons  allsoe  suspected  that  Assaulted 
James  duke  of  Ormond  in  his  Coach,  and  had  taken  him  out  to  have 
Murther'd  him. 
[*  From  this  point  the  writing  is  in  a  later  hand.] 

A  Copy  of  Mr.  Jno.  Willson  of  Warrington  Ire  [letter]  Concerning 
Blood  &  the  rest. 

Ever  Honrd  Sr. 

You  may  phapps  have  thought  yt  I  have  beene  to  remisse  in  that 
business  you  imploy'd  me  in  Concerning  Blood  but  in  deed  I  have 
beene  Very  Active  and  att  Last  I  hope  to  effect  ye  business  to  your 
desire.  Sr  I  have  made  use  of  Thomas  Benett  who  is  Brother  in 
Lawe  to  Mr.  Ed  :  Standish  to  Enquire  wh>t  sweet  hearts  Mrs  : 
Grimsdicte  or  her  Daughters  had  &  how  often  they  came  a  wooinge 
this  was  ye  way  I  thought  might  prove  the  most  prudent  way  to 
discover  what  you  Imployed  mee  to  doe  &  the  least  suspected  &  he 
hath  found  out  yt  there  are  2  Gentlemen  yt  frequente  yt  house  of 
Grimsdicte  &  yt  the  one  of  ym  is  said  to  be  Sonn  to  Sr.  George 
Warburton  ye  other  his  Companion  but  it  is  beleeved  to  be  Blood  & 
his  ffellow  K —  Sr.  I  am  goeinge  on  as  secretly  as  I  can,  &  doe  hope 
by  the  assistance  of  Leivt.  Coll.  Daniell,  who  I  knowe  Is  a  greate 
lover  of  my  Lord  Duke  de  Ormond  as  also  of  your  Selfe  &  Coll. 
Kirkby  whos  assistance  I  can  have  upon  a  very  short  warninge  but  if 
possible  I  would  have  your  Worsp  theare  when  tyme  is ;  Sr  you  shall 
have  notice  how  things  succeed  and  god  Willing  I  will  doe  my  Uttmost 
Endeavours  to  serve  you  to  best  of  my  Skill  or  Last  droppe  of  Blood  : 

Whilst  I  am 
Warrington  March  the  19th  1670.  John  Wilson. 

For  the  ever  Honrd  Sr.  Roger  Bradshaigh 
Knt  at  his  house  Haigh. 

These.' 

Blood's  pardon  and  restoration  to  Royal  favour  is  one  of 
the  most  singular  incidents  in  Charles's  reign.  His 
marriage,  on  June  21st,  1650,  with  Maria,  daughter  of 
Holcroft  of  Holcroft,  Colonel  in  the  Parliamentary  Army, 
appears  in  the  Parish  Registers  of  Newchurch,  near 
Warrington.     He  died  August  26th,  1680. ^ 

Blood  acted  as  License  agent  for  George  Larkham  of 
Cockermouth  and  Richard  Gilpin,  then  at  Newcastle. 
Evidently  in  this,  however,  as  in  other  matters,  his  actions 

1.  The  Bradshaigh  MS. 

2.  "Colonel  Blood,"  by  Whittenburg  Kaye,  pp.  vii,  258. 


6o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

were  distinctly  shady.  Writing  to  "  William  Mascall, 
chirurgeon  at  Romford,"  on  May  14tli,  1672,  he  says  :  — 
I  enclose  the  licences  you  gave  me  a  note  for.  If  you  need  any 
other  places  to  be  licensed,  you  can  have  them.  There  is  no  charge 
for  them,  only  it  is  agreed  that  5s.  for  the  personal  licences  be  gotten, 
and  the  doorkeepers  and  under  clerks  should  afterwards  be  remembered 
by  a  token  of  love.i 

Two  days  after  this  Thomas  Gilson,  Nonconformist 
Minister   of   Little    Baddow,    writes   to    Mr.   Mascall    as 

follows  :  — 

I  have  had  a  conceit  that  Blood  has  detained  the  personal  licences 
for  me  and  Mr.  Kiteley  till  you  send  him  word  of  the  money  he 
mentioned.  Therefore  if  you  write  to  him,  write  smartly  that  we 
cannot  take  it  kindly  to  be  so  disingenuously  dealt  with,  as  if  he 
would  stop  our  personal  licences,  though  he  knows  us  both,  and  only 
send  down  licences  for  our  houses,  which  signify  nothing  without  a 
person ;  and  we  should  have  takeji  it  better  if  he  had  sent  down  the 
personal  licences,  and  left  to  our  courtesy  what  we  would  gratify  the 
clerks  and  doorkeepers  with,  rather  than  to  have  a  sum  imposed  on 
us,  contrary  to  the  King's  express  command  that  nothing  should  be 
required,  and  therefore  advise  him  to  send  down  presently  the  personal 
licences  for  us,  lest  we  make  our  address  some  other  way.2 

A  much  more  interesting  person,  who  figures  promin- 
ently in  connection  with  these  Licenses,  is  Sir  Joseph 
Williamson,  subsequently  Secretary  of  State  in  succession 
to  Lord  Arlington.  He  was  a  native  of  Cumberland, 
being  born  at  Bridekirk,  near  Cockermouth,  where  his 
father,  the  E-ev.  Joseph  Williamson,  was  Vicar  from  1626 
to  1634,  his  death  taking  place  in  August  of  the  latter 
year.  It  was  just  twelve  months  previous  to  this  that 
young  Joseph  was  born,  as  the  following  from  the  Bridekirk 
Parish  Registers  shows  : . — 

1633  Aug  4  Josephus  fil.  Josephi  Williamson  Cler.  Vicarij  de  Bride- 
kirk Bapt. 

"At  his  first  setting  out  in  the  world,"  write  Nicolson 
and  Burn,  "  the  young  man  was  entertained  by  Robert 
Tolson  esquire,  representative  in  parliament  for  Cocker- 
mouth,  in  the  time  of  the  great  rebellion,  as  his  clerk  or 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1671-2,  p.  568. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  689. 


Sir   Joseph   Williamson  6i 

amanuensis."  ^  Whilst  with  his  master,  Mr.  Tolson,  in 
London,  he  was  introduced  into  Westminster  School,  and 
being  "  a  youth  of  a  quick  apprehension  and  unwearied 
diligence,"  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Head  Master, 
Dr.  Busby,  he  went  to  Queen's  College,  Oxford.  He 
matriculated  Nov.  18,  1650;  took  his  B.A.  Feb.  2,  1653-4; 
M.A.  by  diploma  Nov.  11,  1657;  incorporated  at  Cam- 
bridge 1659;  was  created  D.C.L.  June  27,  1674;  became 
barrister-at-law.  Middle  Temple,  1664,  and  of  Lincoln's 
Inn,  1672;  Clerk  of  the  Council  and  was  knighted  Jan.  24, 
1671-2;  Secretary  of  State  1674—1679;  Member  of  Par- 
liament for  Thetford  (1669 — 1689)  in  five  Parliaments, 
for  Rochester  (1690 — 1701)  in  four  Parliaments;  Clare  in 
Ireland  1692-5,  Limerick  and  Portarlington,  1695;  and 
was  President  of  the  E-oyal  Society,  a  position  which  he 
resigned  Feb.  9,  1678-9.  His  death  took  place  on  October 
3rd,  1701,  and  he  was  interred  in  Westminster  Abbey  on 
the  14th.  To  the  College  to  which  he  owed  so  much,  "  in 
his  lifetime  and  at  his  death  he  gave  in  plate,  books, 
building  and  money  to  the  value  of  £8,000.  To  the 
grandchildren  of  Dr.  Langbaine,  his  patron,  [Provost  of 
Queen's  College]  he  left  by  will  £500.  And  he  sent  to 
this  parish  [Bridekirk]  gilt  bibles  and  prayer  books,  velvet 
covering  and  rich  linen  for  the  altar,  with  silver  flagons 
and  chalices  for  the  administration  of  the  holy  commu- 
nion." 2  Sir  Joseph  Williamson  was  never  permitted  to 
forget  that  he  belonged  to  Cumberland.  Whilst  he  was 
at  the  State  Secretary's  office,  letters  and  petitions  to  him 
poured  in  continually  from  all  sorts  of  people  with  all 
kinds  of  requests;  and  judging  from  the  language  em- 
ployed he  was  regarded  in  his  native  County  as  a  sort  of 
divinity.  It  was  an  age  of  flattery,  and  in  relation  to 
few  men  has  this  been  more  freely  employed  than  it  was 
in  reference  to  him.^    All  this  has  made  the  little  County, 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  101. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  p.  101.  Vide  also  Hutchinson,  Foster's  AI.  Ox., 
Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.,  Wood's  Athenae,  Cals.  S.  P.  Dom.,  and  Letters  to 
Sir  Joseph  Williamson  (Camden  Soc,  Second  Series,  vols.  8  and  9). 

3.  Vide  pp.  437,  719. 


62  The   Ejected    of  1662 

remote  though  it  was  from  the  heart  of  the  kingdom, 
assume  quite  an  importance  in  the  State  Papers  of  that 
period. 

The  Licenses  bear  different  dates.  As  previously 
intimated  some  were  taken  very  early,  but  others  were 
issued  quite  late.^  Doubtless  the  explanation  is  to  be 
found  in  a  variety  of  things.  Possibly  the  fact  indicates 
lack  of  faith  in  the  efficacy  of  the  License  on  the  part  of 
some ;  still  more  probable  is  it  that  local  feeling  and 
opinion  were  such  as  made  haste  in  the  matter  unneces- 
sary. Possibly  also  many  a  romance  lies  in  this  delay,  if 
we  only  knew  it.  At  any  rate,  whatever  the  explanation, 
the  fact  is  that  some  of  the  Licenses  wer.e  not  petitioned 
for  and  secured  until  within  a  month  or  two  of  the  Declar- 
ation being  cancelled.  On  the  7th  of  February,  1672-3, 
the  Indulgence  Declaration  was  withdrawn,  "  the  king 
breaking  with  his  own  hand  the  Great  Seal  appended  to 
it."^  The  Declaration  had  been  issued  on  the  King's  own 
responsibility.  It  was  not  an  Act  of  Parliament;  it  was 
an  exercise  of  that  dispensing  power  which  Charles 
claimed  to  be  vested  in  the  Kingship;  and  it  is  curious  to 
note  that  it  was  the  very  Parliament  which  had  shown 
itself  in  all  else  to  be  so  subservient,  the  Cavalier  Parlia- 
ment, whose  Royalist  sympathies  were  most  pronounced, 
that  had  maintained  the  Declaration  to  be  illegal  from 
the  first,  had  pressed  incessantly  for  its  recall,  and  which 
now  accomplished  its  purpose.  Clearly  the  lessons  of  the 
past  had  not  been  forgotten,  the  exercise  of  the  Royal 
prerogative  was  carefully  watched,  and  even  this  Parlia- 
ment kept  strict  guard  over  its  own  rights. 

1.  It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  in  Mr.  Bate's  book,  excellent  in 
many  respects,  there  is  the  very  serious  defect  of  a  list  of  these  Licenses 
without  a  single  date.  The  list  is  not  near  so  valuable  as  it  would  have 
been  if  the  dates  had  been  supplied,  while  many  of  the  errors,  which 
have  already  appeared  in  print,  are  perpetuated.  This  lack  has  been 
met  by  the  monumental  work  of  Professor  G.  L.  Turner,  M.A.,  on 
"  Original  Kecords  of  Early  Nonconformity  under  Persecution  and 
Indulgence,"  which  has  just  been  issued. 

2.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1672-3,  Intro.,  p.  xxxvi. 


The    Great    Schism  63 

This  was  immediately  followed  by  the  Test  Act  requir- 
ing all  who  held  office  in  the  State  to  receive  the  Sacrament 
according  to  the  Church  of  England  and  renounce  the 
doctrine  of  Transubstantiation.  Complaint  being  made 
that  notwithstanding  the  withdrawal  of  the  Indulgence 
Declaration,  Nonconformists  still  met  for  worship,  acting 
on  the  advice  of  the  Bishops,  on  February  3rd,  1675-6, 
Charles  recalled  all  Licenses  and  commanded  that  care 
should  be  taken  for  the  suppression  of  all  Conventicles. 

What  now  was  the  result  of  all  this  religiously?  The 
creatfon  of  a  Nonconformity  that  was  to  be  a  permanent 
force  in  the  religious  life  of  the  country.  Efforts  in  the 
direction  of  compromise  and  schemes  of  comprehension 
had  been  repeatedly  put  forth  from  almost  the  beginning 
of  the  Century.  Richard  Baxter,  in  particular,  had 
cherished  the  hope  of  a  reunion  of  Protestant  Christen- 
dom, of  such  a  modification  of  the  doctrines,  worship,  and 
polity  of  the  Church  of  England  as  would  permit  of  a 
return  to  its  Communion  on  the  part  of  those  who  had 
long  been  exiled  from  it;  and,  by  speech  and  pen,  in 
season  and  out  of  season,  he  had  laboured  towards  that 
end.  It  is  indeed  quite  pathetic  to  read  the  story  of  his 
life  as  revealed  in  his  own  writings,  and  see  how  he  clung 
to  this  hope.  He  was  not  himself  specially  fitted  to  lead 
in  such  a  movement :  he  was  too  keen  a  controversialist 
and  his  temper  was  too  quick.  But  from  whatever  quarter 
the  suggestion  of  a  reunion  scheme  came,  it  never  failed 
to  find  in  him  a  sympathetic  and  quick  response.  There 
can  be  little  doubt,  also,  that  at  certain  stages  of  the 
conflict  the  prospects  of  reunion  were  remarkably  favour- 
able. At  the  Restoration,  for  example,  had  the  returning 
Episcopalians  been  more  conciliatory  and  less  unbending 
a  very  large  proportion  of  the  Presbyterians,  who  had  no 
rooted  objection  either  to  Episcopacy  as  such,  or  to  a  State 
Church,  would  have  been  won  over;  and  the  course  of 
religious  history  in  this  country  during  the  last  two 
hundred  and  fifty  years  would  have  been  altogether 
different.  The  lex  talionis,  however,  had  too  strong  an 
attraction  for  them;   wiser  and  more  moderate  counsels 


64  The   Ejected   of  1662 

were  set  aside ;  and  there  followed  the  years  of  repressive 
and  cruel  legislation  which  have  been  briefly  outlined, 
with  the  result  that  English  Christianity  became  hope- 
lessly rent  asunder.  Baxter  and  others  still  dreamed  of 
Comprehension,  but  the  dreams  were  impossible  of  fulfil- 
ment :  the  current  of  separation  had  set  in  too  strongly 
to  be  diverted  from  its  course.  The  "  Great  Schism  "  hqd 
taken  place,  Nonconformity  had  got  a  definiteness  of 
character  and  a  volume  of  life  that  prophesied  perma- 
nency for  it.  The  two  events  just  named — the  Ejection 
of  1662  and  the  Indulgence  Declaration  of  1672 — were 
mainly  responsible  for  this.     Mr.  Wakeman  writes:  — 

Through  all  the  mists  and  confusion  generated  by  politics,  the  eye 
of  the  historian  can  see  clearly  enough  that  the  two  systems  of  religion 
were  ever  growing  further  and  further  away  from  each  other,  as  they 
developed  themselves  on  their  own  religious  lines  by  their  own 
religious  power  from  the  day  of  the  birth  of  Puritanism  in  the  reign 
of  Edward  VI.  to  the  day  ot  its  final  exclusion  from  the  national 
Church  in  1662.  There  never  was  a  time  when  they  were  compatible 
with  each  other.  There  was  often  a  time  when  it  seemed  that  one 
would  completely  exterminate  the  other.  By  1662  it  was  clear  that 
neither  comprehension  nor  extermination  was  possible,  and  as  the 
Church  was  in  possession  of  the  field,  Puritanism  had  to  go  forth 
into  the  wilderness.  The  Reformation  struggle  was  ended.  The 
Church  of  England  reformed  on  Catholic  lines,  and,  freed  from 
Puritanism,  was  able  to  discharge  her  own  duties  to  her  own  people 
in  her  own  way.  Puritanism,  relieved  from  its  struggle  for  ascend- 
ency over  the  Church,  was  able  to  develop  its  principles  in  the 
freedom  of  voluntary  societies.  For  a  time,  it  is  true,  the  toleration 
which  this  altered  state  of  affairs  demanded  was  refused  by  politi- 
cians ;  but  in  the  purely  religious  sphere  the  problems  of  the 
Reformation  were  solved  at  the  Restoration.* 

It  is  not  necessary  to  assume  that  in  every  particular  that 
passage  is  an  accurate  resume  of  the  Puritan  movement; 
but  its  one  correct  pronouncement  is  that  the  Uniformity 
Act  marks  the  great  dividing  line  in  English  History ; 
and  the  same  is  true  in  reference  to  the  Indulgence 
Declaration  of  1672.     Dr.    Edward   Stillingfleet,   Bishop 

1.  Hist,  of  the  Church  of  Eng.,  by  H.  0.  Wakeman,  M.A.,  pp.  387, 
388. 


Policy   of   Charles  65 

of  Worcester,  dates  from  it  what  lie  calls  the  "  Presby- 
terian Separation."  1 

It  is  easy  to  see  how  the  matter  would  work.  The 
Ejected  Ministers  frequently  lingered  in  the  neighbour- 
hood in  which  they  had  lived  and  laboured.  Generally 
many  of  their  parishioners  were  deeply  devoted  to  them, 
common  suffering  binding  them  still  more  closely  together ; 
and,  even  at  considerable  risk,  when  the  days  were  most 
threatening  secret  worship  was  occasionally  held.  Under 
the  Indulgence  Declaration  these  would  frequent  their 
licensed  meeting  places,  and  would  serve  as  the  nuclei  for 
the  Nonconformist  Churches,  which  arose  when  the  advent 
of  William  and  Mary  put  an  end  to  religious  persecution 
and  secured  for  all  Dissenters  religious  Toleration.  The 
policy  of  repression,  therefore,  pursued  so  unfalteringly 
by  a  dominant  Episcopacy  after  the  Restoration  was  self 
destructive.  It  was  the  Church  which  persecuted  that 
stood  to  lose.  "  So  mistaken  a  policy,"  says  Mr.  Wake- 
man,  "  brought  its  own  retribution  in  the  deadening  of 
spiritual  life,  and  contributed  to  the  loss  of  half  the 
English-speaking  races  to  the  allegiance  of  the  Church."  ^ 

The  question  now  arises  as  to  what  was  the  policy  of 
Charles  II.  during  all  these  years.  What  were  his  inten- 
tions and  aims?  Historians,  both  ecclesiastical  and 
other,  have  done  much  to  make  Charles  the  Sphinx  of 
the  17th  Century.  The  idea  which  has  largely  obtained 
among  them,  and  still  does,  is  that  he  was  abnormally, 
almost  supernaturally,  clever;  that  he  succeeded  in  hood- 
winking all  who  were  about  him;  that  his  true  self 
seldom,  if  ever,  appeared  upon  the  surface ;  and  that  even 
when  he  was  most  engrossed  in  pleasure  he  was  faithful 
to  the  two  ideals  which  he  had  made  his  own,  and  for 
whose  realisation  he  was  always  steadily  and  secretly 
endeavouring — the  two  ideals  being  Kingly  Absolutism 
and  the  re-establishment  in  his  kingdom  of  Roman 
Catholicism.     It   is    interesting    to    note    how   this    idea 

1.  Eng.  U.  Hist.,  p.  87. 

2.  Hist,  of  the  Church  of  Eng.,  p.  393. 


66  The   Ejected    of  1662 

asserts  itself  even  in  authors  who  give  evidence  of  anxiety 
to  escape  its  enthralment ;  but  in  no  case  is  it  more 
strongly  and  persistently  emphasized  than  by  John 
Richard   Green.     He  writes:  — 

The  degradation  of  England  was  only  a  move  in  the  political  game 
which  he  was  playing,  a  game  played  with  so  consimomate  a  secrecy 
and  skill  that  it  deceived  not  only  the  closest  observers  of  his  own 
day  but  still  misleads  historians  of  ours.  What  his  subjects  saw  in 
their  king  was  a  pleasant,  brown- faced  gentleman  playing  with  his 
spaniels,  or  drawing  caricatures  of  his  ministers,  or  flinging  cakes  to 
the  water-fowl  in  the  park.  To  all  outer  seeming,  Charles  was  the 
most  consummate  of  idlers  .  .  .  meanwhile  he  went  on  patiently 
gathering  up  what  fragments  of  the  old  Royal  power  still  survived, 
and  availing  himself  of  whatever  new  resources  offered  themselves. 
.  .  .  He  wished  to  break  down  English  Protestantism.  In  heart  he 
had  long  ceased  to  be  a  Protestant.  Whatever  religious  feeling  he 
had  was  on  the  side  of  Catholicism.^ 

The  insertion  of  that  passage  is  not  at  all  to  be  taken 
as  suggesting  that  modern  historians  hold  that  view  with 
anything  like  the  strength  with  which  Green  appears  to 
have  done,  Nor  indeed  is  it  easy  to  reconcile  with  it 
much  else  that  Green  himself  has  written;  but  it  is  given 
because  it  presents  the  view  in  question  in  such  clear  and 
emphatic  form.  It  may  at  once  be  conceded  that  Charles 
had  gifts  of  no  mean  order ;  that  his  travels  had  furnished 
him  with  a  wide  knowledge  of  men  and  things;  that  he 
had  leanings  towards  Roman  Catholicism,  as  other  Stuart 
Kings  had ;  and  that  he  found  the  idea  of  Kingly  Abso- 
lutism pleasant  to  entertain.  I  am  not  even  disposed  to 
deny  the  story  of  his  reception,  as  he  lay  dying,  of  Father 
Huddleston,  the  priest  who  had  saved  his  life  after  the 
Worcester  defeat,  or  even  of  his  private  reconciliation 
with  the  Church  of  Rome;  but  it  is  denied  that  he  had 
any  real  care  for  either  the  one  or  the  other,  a  care  suffi- 
ciently strong  to  induce  him  to  take  them  as  the  ideals 
of  his  life.  The  following  points  will  assist  in  making 
this  position  clear  :  — 

Men  never  play  at  tyranny.  That  is  the  one  thing 
which  is  always  taken  seriously  and  lived  openly.     There 

1.  Short  Hist,  of  the  Eng.  People,  pp.  616-620. 


Policy   of   Charles  67 

is  never  any  difficulty  in  discovering  the  Absolutist,  either 
in  religion  or  in  politics — the  Church  or  the  State.  The 
verdict  of  history  is  clear  and  decisive  on  that  point.  If 
on  the  other  hand  Charles  was  a  E-oman  Catholic  he  was 
an  exceedingly  indifferent  and  unprofitable  one.  During 
all  his  long  reign  it  is  impossible  to  discover  a  single 
thing  which  he  did  in  furtherance  of  that  faith.  All  the 
repressive  legislation  of  that  period,  which  told  so 
heavily  against  Nonconformists,  told  with  equal  force 
against  Roman  Catholics;  and  there  is  no  evidence  that 
he  ever  sought  to  secure  for  them  exemption.  In  the 
Indulgence  Declaration,  which  some  say  was  intended 
mainly  in  their  interests,  the  exemption  was  the  other 
way.  While  it  gave  Nonconformists  generally  liberty 
to  license  all  kinds  of  buildings  and  hold  their  worship 
publicly,  it  ordained  that  "  the  recusants  of  the  Homan 
Catholic  religion  should  in  no  wise  be  allowed  public 
places  of  worship" ;  but  only  that  they  should  be  indulged 
"  their  share  in  the  Common  exemption  from  the  penal 
laws,  and  the  exercise  of  their  worship  in  their  private 
houses  only."  Then  the  Test  Act,  which  followed  almost 
immediately,  was  deliberately  aimed  at  them,  and  the 
King  raised  no  protesting  voice.  If  Charles  was  of  that 
religious  persuasion  it  owed  him  nothing;  he  risked 
nothing;  he  achieved  nothing  for  it. 

Moreover,  if  the  two  things  named  were  the  ideals  of 
his  life  he  entirely  failed  in  their  realisation.  At  the 
end  of  his  reign  the  re-establishment  of  Roman  Catholic- 
ism was  less  possible  than  it  was  at  the  beginning;  and 
the  personal  rule  of  the  King  had  given  way  to  rule  by 
Parliament. 

During  the  greater  part  of  his  reign  Charles  was  in  the 
hands  of  his  ministers — his  Junto,  his  Cabal.  It  was  not 
so  much  that  he  played  off  each  against  the  other  to 
secure  for  himself  position  and  power  as  that  each  played 
himself  and  the  King  against  the  other  with  a  view  to  his 
own  ends. 

Charles's  policy  was  determined  by  his  character,  and 
his  character  appears  in  the  distinctly  illuminating  sen- 


68  The   Ejected    of  1662 

tence  which  once  escaped  his  lips,  when  he  declared  that 
he  had  no  intention  "  to  set  out  on  his  travels  again." 
It  was  laughingly  spoken,  but  it  contained  the  one  really- 
fixed  principle  of  his  life.  In  more  serious  vein  the 
other  words  with  which  he  is  credited,  when  in  reference 
to  Yane,  who  was  being  tried  for  treason,  he  said :  — "  He 
is  too  dangerous  a  man  to  live  if  we  can  safely  put  him 
away."  The  two  statements,  however,  were  the  product 
of  the  same  spirit :  it  was  his  personal  safety,  convenience, 
pleasure,  to  which  he  always  gave  first  consideration.  At 
heart  the  Stuart  Kings  were  considerable  cowards. 
Nobody  questions  that  in  relation  to  the  first  James.  His 
weakness  and  folly  led  to  his  being  mockingly  described 
as  "  the  wisest  fool  in  Christendom."  His  son,  Charles, 
was  much  less  an  exception  than  would  at  first  appear. 
His  fatal  habit  of  lying  was  quite  as  much  responsible 
for  the  troubles  of  his  reign  as  his  obstinacy  and  wilful- 
ness, and  lying  is  always  the  coward's  castle;  while  his 
desertion  of  Strafford,  after  assuring  him  that  "  on  the 
word  of  a  king  "  he  should  "  not  suffer  in  life,  honour,  or 
fortune,"  was  a  pitiful  piece  of  weakness,  if  not  something 
worse.  The  second  James,  again,  after  years  of  so  called 
resolute  rule,  completely  collapsed  in  the  supreme  hour, 
offered  to  concede  et^erything  which  his  opponents  had 
demanded,  and  eventually  ran  away  from  his  kingdom. 
Charles  II.  had  this  weakness  of  the  Stuart  character 
emphasized  to  a  high  degree,  and  he  was  honest  enough 
not  to  attempt  to  be  other  than  himself.  He  was  always 
receding  from  positions  which  he  had  taken  up.  It  cost 
him  little  to  forget  the  Breda  Declaration  in  which  he 
promised  relief  for  "  tender  consciences,"  when  his  Par- 
liament demanded  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  which  sent 
those  tender  consciences  into  exile.  The  Indulgence 
Declaration,  which  again  was  in  the  interests  of  the  per- 
secuted party,  was  withdrawn  under  the  pressure  of  the 
same  Parliament.  Too  idle,  too  indulgent  and  voluptuous 
to  take  in  hand  the  affairs  of  the  State,  given  up  to  women 
and  gambling,  "  Love's  mere  pensioner,"  like  Gallio  for 
things  of  a  serious  character,  he  had  no  care  whatever. 


Policy   of   Charles  69 

His  policy  was  all  with,  a  view  to  saving  himself.  He  had 
no  deep  religious  convictions,  or  indeed  deep  convictions 
of  any  kind.     He  was  the  great  opportunist  of  his  day. 

Nor  is  it  in  the  least  difficult  to  account  for  those 
rumours  of  his  Romanist  leanings,  which  were  so  frequent 
in  his  time.  The  nation  was  feverishly  Protestant;  it 
scented  the  Popish  peril  everywhere.  Even  Quakers  were 
charged  with  being  E-onianists  in  disguise;  and  the  Titus 
Gates  forgeries,  which  were  accepted  on  evidence  that 
would  not  have  borne  a  moment's  investigation,  witness 
to  the  excited  and  hysterical  state  of  public  feeling.  Not 
too  seriously  even  must  be  taken  th.e  Treaty  of  Dover, 
completed  on  June  1st,  1670 ;  according  to  which,  among 
other  things,  Charles  was  to  acknowledge  himself  a 
"  Catholic  whenever  lie  thought  fit  to  do  so"  ;  and  in  return 
was  to  receive  a  large  sum  of  money  with  considerable 
troops  from  Louis  of  France  to  be  employed  in  his  defence 
against  his  own  people.  The  Treaty  was  a  secret  one,  not 
even  known  to  two  members  of  the  Cabal ;  and  that  Charles 
was  an  adept  in  making  promises,  whose  fulfilment  sat 
lightly  upon  his  conscience,  is  almost  axiomatic.  One 
thing  is  certain,  viz.,  that  he  never  "thought  fit"  to  make 
the  necessary  pronouncement,  and  that  the  fulfilment  of 
the  promise  was  never  attempted.  Charles  had  simply 
sold  himself  to  France  for  money;  and  the  Dover  Treaty 
proves  nothing  beyond  the  King's  shameful  weakness  and 
unreliability. 

Charles's  religious  policy,  therefore,  was  not  dictated 
by  principles  of  cruelty :  he  had  no  thought  of  being  a 
persecutor  of  Nonconformists.  There  is  no  reason  to 
suppose  that  the  Indulgence  Declaration  was  other  than 
an  honest  attempt  to  put  an  end  to  the  twelve  years'  sad 
experience  of  repressive  legislation,  "  during  which  little 
fruit  had  resulted  from  all  these  forcible  courses."  There 
is  no  evidence  to  show  that  the  Uniformity  Act,  and  the 
other  persecuting  edicts  which  range  themselves  around 
it,  would  ever  have  been  passed,  if  behind  him  had  not 
been  a  minister  like  Clarendon  and  an  ecclesiastic  like 
Sheldon.     Charles  clearly  saw  that  the  more  of  national 


JO  The   Ejected   of  1662 

unrest  there  was,  the  more  insecure  was  his  throne. 
There  can,  of  course,  be  no  admiration  for  a  character 
like  that  of  Charles,  who  "  laughed  at  religion  when  well 
and  turned  to  Catholicism  when  sick  and  serious" ;  and 
yet  even  his  was  the  type  that  was  calculated  to 
contribute  to  national  progress  at  that  particular  time. 
It  filled  up  a  sort  of  lacuna  in  the  national  life,  which, 
occupied  by  a  character  of  a  different  type,  would  have 
issued  in  disaster.  His  very  weaknesses  were  the  oppor- 
tunity for  the  steady  growth  of  the  Constitutional  spirit. 
The  nation  was  in  no  mood  to  play  either  with  its  Pro- 
testantism or  its  liberties.  James  II.  on  succeeding 
Charles,  tried  to  do  both ;  and  the  result  was  calamitous 
for  himself.  He  did  not  lose  his  head,  as  his  father  did, 
but  he  lost  his  crown.  Charles  the  Second's  reign  made 
certain  the  dethronement  of  James  the  Second  and  the 
Revolution  of  1688.^ 

1.  The   reader  interested   in  the  questions  raised  in  this   chapter   in 
addition  to  the  works  already  cited  will  do  well  to  consult  the  following  : 
The  Creeds  and  Platforms  of  Congregationalism   (Walker). 
Congregationalists  in  America  (Dunning). 

Inner  Life  of  the  Religious  Societies  of  the  Commonwealth  (Barclay). 
The  Puritan  in  England  and  New  England  (Byington). 
The  Congregationalism  of  the  Last  Three  Hundred  Years  as  seen  in 

its  Literature  (Dexter). 
The  Pilgrim  in  Old  England  (Bradford). 
The  Evolution  of  Congregationalism  (Mackennal). 
The  England  and  Holland  of  the  Pilgrims  (Dexter). 
Richard  Baxter's  Self  Review  &c.   (Bishop  of  Chester). 
Life  of  John  Howe  (Rogers). 
Historical  Enquiry  (Wilson). 

Presbyterian  Chapels  and  Charities  &c.   (James). 
English  Puritanism  (Bayne). 


CHAPTER    11. 

The  Area. 

It  was  originally  intended  to  include  in  +liis  area  that 
part  of  Lancashire  which  lies  north  of  Morecambe  Bay, 
between  the  Kent  on  the  one  hand  and  the  Irish  Sea  on 
the  other.  This  with  the  two  Counties,  Cumberland  and 
Westmorland,  coincides  almost  exactly  with  the  modern 
Diocese  of  Carlisle.  The  work,  however,  has  grown  so 
considerably  that  it  has  been  found  necessary  to  drop  the 
Lancashire  portion,  and  restrict  the  enquiry  to  the  two 
Counties  just  named.  The  exception,  hinted  at  in  the 
previous  sentence,  is  the  Parish  of  Alston,  which,  though 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  is  in  the  Diocese  of  New- 
castle. In  reference  to  it  Chancellor  Ferguson  thus 
writes  :  — 

The  exclusion  of  the  Cumberland  parish  of  Alston  from  the  diocese 
of  Carlisle  may  at  first  sight  seem  an  anomaly,  but  it  is  not  so.  By 
.  all  the  laws  of  geography  the  parish  belongs  to  the  County  of 
Northumberland,  and  to  the  diocese  of  Durham,  or  since  1882,  of 
Newcastle ;  the  anomaly  is  that  it  belongs  to  the  county  of  Cumber- 
land, to  which  it  has  access  only  over  a  col,  whose  summit  is  1,900 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea.  This  arises  from  the  fact  that  Alston 
contained  jura  regalia,  silver  mines,  whose  profits  the  Crown  of 
England  found  it  convenient  to  collect  through  the  Sheriff  of  Cum- 
berland and  Alston  thus  became  fiscally  severed  from  the  district  to 
which,  ecclesiastically  and  geographically  it  belongs.^ 

In  the  north  eastern  part  of  the  same  County,  also 
contiguous  to  the  Northumbrian  border,  is  Upper  or  Over 
Denton,  which  previous  to  the  early  part  of  the  18th 
Century  was  an  unclaimed  parish,  a  sort  of  ecclesiastical 
"  No  Man's  Land" ;  but  since  then  it  has  been  definitely 

1.  DiocesBJi  Histories,  Carlisle,  pp.  3,  4. 


72  The   Ejected   of  1662 

associated  with  the  Diocese  of  the  County  in  which  it 
appears.     Writing  in  1703,  Bishop  Nicolson   says:  — 

There's  another  Church  at  Upper  or  Over-Denton,  which  is  said 
to  be  in  the  Diocese  of  Durham.  .  .  .  Upon  consulting  Dr.  Smith, 
Prebendary  of  Durham,  about  the  jurisdiction  of  Upper-Denton,  I 
had  this  State  of  ye  matter  from  him  in  a  Letter  dated  Mar.  4. 
1703-4  : — "  I  employed  Mr.  Rowel  in  the  Search  .  .  .  who  says  [among 
other  things]  that  he  has  often  seen  it  in  diverse  old  Synod  and 
Visitation  Rolls  of  the  Clergy  in  the  Bishop's  Registry.  But  he 
believes  no  notice  has  been  taken  of  it,  nor  any  Exercise  of  Jurisdiction 
claimed,  for  nigh  a  hundred  years.  And,  if  your  Lp  will  take  it,  none 
will  oppose  you  from  hence.  And,  if  the  Minister  or  Parishioners 
should  contest  it,  he  believes  you  may  depend  upon  wt  assistance  can 
be  made  you,  either  by  disclaiming  it  or  otherwise.  I  have  also 
discours'd  Archdeacon  Morton  about  it;  who  is  of  the  same  opinion."  ' 

The  Carlisle  Diocese,  as  we  now  have  it,  is  quite  modern. 
Previous  to  1856  it  was  barely  two  thirds  of  its  present 
size,  the  other  third  then  added  having  been  carved  out  of 
the  large  and  wealthy  Diocese  of  Chester.  A  line  drawn 
from  Workington  on  the  Cumbrian  coast  across  the 
country  to  the  head  of  Bassenthwaite  Lake,  traversing  the 
eastern  side  to  below  Thirlmere,  striking  east  again  about 
midway  between  Ullswater  and  Windermere  until  the 
Lune  is  reached  a  little  below  Tebay,  taking  in  all  that 
part  of  Westmorland,  and  terminating  near  Arnside  on 
Morecambe  Bay,  will  indicate  the  portion  which  was  then 
added  to  the  Diocese.  It  formed  part  of  the  Archdeaconry 
of  Richmond,  one  of  the  largest,  most  ancient  and 
wealthy  in  the  kingdom.  As  already  indicated  the  North 
Lonsdale  portion  has  been  most  reluctantly  omitted.  It 
is  a  compact  area  for  the  purpose  of  study,  and  its  physical 
homogeneity  at  once  impresses  the  student.  It  is  pre- 
eminently "  the  Land  of  the  Mountain  and  the  Flood" ; 
and,  in  consequence,  is  only  sparsely  populated.  Even 
to  day  it  is,  for  the  most  part,  cut  off  from  the  main 
stream  of  life,  whose  throb  is  felt  so  powerfully  in  the 
neighbouring  Counties  of  Yorkshire  and  Lancashire.  It 
is  sparingly  intersected  by  railways,  though  its  well  kept 

1.  Miscel.,  pp.  3,  4. 


Isolation  "]}> 

roads  invite  the  cyclist  and  motorist  to  its  delightful 
retreats.  With  the  exception  of  Carlisle,  Penrith,  Cocker- 
mouth,  Workington,  Appleby  and  Kendal,  its  towns  are 
little  more  than  good  sized  villages;  its  villages  are 
scattered  and  often  mere  hamlets;  and  the  traveller, 
fresh  from  the  stress  and  strain  of  Lancashire  life,  feels 
the  reposefulness  of  a  quaint  old  worldishness  wherever 
he  goes.  The  population  of  the  entire  area  is  far  from 
equal  to  that  of  Manchester  or  Liverpool :  the  two 
Counties  are  among  the  most  rural  and  thinly  populated 
parts  of  England.  If  these  are  the  characteristics  of  this 
district  to  day  they  were  the  same,  greatly  emphasized, 
in  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned.  Chancellor 
Perguson,  writing  in  1894,  says :  — 

For  the  greater  part  of  the  last  century  the  Lake  District  was  as 
primitive  and  as  out-of-the-world  a  place  as  could  possibly  be  im- 
agined. English  travellers  did  not  visit  mountains  for  the  sake  of 
mountain  scenery,  but  only  to  traverse  them  into  Italy.  They  liked 
their  sherry  sv^eet  and  their  scenery  flat.  A  fine  champaign  country 
was  their  idea  of  the  picturesque ;  and  small  blame  to  them  if  they 
preferred  the  view  from  Richmond  Hill,  in  Surrey,  to  any  other  in 
the  world.  ^ 

Occasional  writers,  like  West  and  Gilpin,  toured  through 
the  Lake  District  in  the  second  half  of  the  18th  Century, 
and  gave  to  the  world  their  impressions  of  the  glories 
which  they  had  seen;  but  it  was  not  until  near  the  end 
of  that  Century  that  travellers  began  to  turn  their  atten- 
tion seriously  to  it.  Curiously  enough  this  was  in  large 
measure  due  to  the  French  Revolution,  that  wonderfully 
liberalising,  though,  in  many  respects,  terribly  iconoclastic 
movement,  which  in  all  sorts  of  ways  influenced  the  life 
of  this  country.  Chancellor  Ferguson  observes  that  it 
"  closed  the  Continent  to  English  travellers  and  they 
turned  to  the  Lake  District."  2  To  the  same  end  also 
contributed  the  literary  Renaissance,  which  that  period 
witnessed,  that  "  new  Romanticism  "  which  made  litera- 
ture living  and  fresh,  the  work  of  men  like  Wordsworth, 

1.  History  of  Westmorland,  pp.  6,  7.     (Popular  County  Histories.) 

2.  Ibid.,  p.   7. 


74  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Coleridge  and  Southey;  men  who  were  either  natives  of 
the  district,  or  who  made  their  home  there  for  some  while ; 
and  who,  having  communed  with  nature  in  all  its  impres- 
siveness  and  splendour,  sang  of  it  in  telling  verse,  with 
the  result  that  strangers  sought  out  these  parts  and  found 
therein  a  world  of  unexplored  beauty.  The  significance 
of  this  will  appear  in  what  follows.  The  physical  envi- 
ronment of  a  people  does  much  to  stamp  the  character  of 
a  people's  life,  even  as  does  their  moral.  It  is  not  alone 
the  animal  and  the  insect  that  have  the  power  to  adjust 
themselves  to  the  climatic  conditions  in  which  they  find 
themselves,  man  also  feels  the  pressure  of  this  law  con- 
tinually. 

The  two  Counties  were  overwhelmingly  Royalist,  by 
far  the  greater  proportion  of  the  territorial  magnates 
being  active  supporters  of  the  King.  The  Musgraves  of 
Edenhall,  the  Lowthers  of  Lowther,  the  Howards  of 
Naworth,  the  Lamplughs  of  Lamplugh,  the  Huddlestons 
of  Millom,  the  Curwens  of  Workington,  the  Fletchers  of 
Cockermouth,  the  Featherstonhaughs  of  Kirkoswald,  the 
Flemings  of  Rydal,  with  many  others,  were  vigorous 
upholders  of  Church  and  King.  The  Puritan  or  Parlia- 
mentary interests  were  represented  by  very  few  landed 
families.  Chief  among  these  were  the  Whartons  of 
Wharton  Hall,  near  Ravenstonedale,  whose  most  distin- 
guished member  was  the  "  Good  Lord  Philip  Wharton," 
the  friend  and  shelterer  of  Nonconformists  in  the  days 
of  their  exile  and  suffering.  At  one  time  he  was  Colonel 
of  a  Regiment  of  Horse  in  the  Parliamentary  Army  and 
at  the  Restoration,  though  in  favour  of  a  Monarchy,  he 
stood  in  some  risk  of  life.^  The  Wharton  influence  was 
much  felt  in  the  Eden  Valley;  and  it  was  this  Lord 
Wharton  that  left  the  Wharton  Bequest  of  Bibles  for 
distribution  among  the  school  children  of  certain  places 
specified  in  his  Will.     The  Briscos^  of  Crofton  and  the 

1.  Vide  the  Masy  Letters,  p.  879. 

2.  In  the  British  Museum  is  a  pamphlet  containing  "  a  Perfect  List  of 
the  names  of  Persons  returned  to  Serve  in  this  Parliament  1656  for  the 
several    Counties  and    Corporations   within   the    Commonwealth"    from 


County   Families  75 

Barwises  of  Ilekirk  together  with  the  Lawsons  of  Isel  were 
Puritan  in  their  sympathies ;  and  to  that  may  be  attributed 
the  fact,  says  Chancellor  Ferguson  "  that  Wigton,  Holm 
Cultram  and  Cockermouth  were  full  of  Puritans  and 
fanatics."  1  The  Braithwaites  of  Ambleside  Hall  also 
were  somewhat  Puritan  in  their  proclivities,  and,  may  be, 
helped  to  check  the  aggressions  of  Sir  Daniel  Fleming  of 
Rydal  Hall,  to  whose  family  they  were  closely  related. 
In  this  overwhelming  preponderance  of  Royalist  influ- 
ence will  be  found,  in  part,  at  least,  the  explanation  of  a 
fact  which  is  such  a  marked  feature  of  this  area.  The 
story  of  the  Ejection  has  often  been  recited  in  most 
dramatic  fashion,  and  the  painful  leave  taking  of  the 
devoted  pastors  from  their  congregations  immediately 
before  St.  Bartholomew's  Day  has  been  sketched  in  most 
vivid  colours;  and  there  is  abundant  reason  for  this.  We 
have  already  seen  how  the  London  Ministers  preached 
their  Farewell  Sermons  to  their  flocks,^  in  dignified  and 
restrained  phrase,  the  very  Sunday  preceding  the  day 
when  the  Act  came  into  force ;  ^  and  the  same  holds 
doubtless  of  other  places.  It  is  quite  certain  that  it  does 
of  Lancashire  and  Yorkshire,  where  the  two  contending 
parties  were  more  evenly  balanced;  but  in  relation  to 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland  it  is  otherwise.  jS^ot  more 
than  half  a  dozen  appear  to  have  waited  for  the  Act  of 
Uniformity;  immediately  the  King  returned  and  Episco- 
pacy was  restored  to  power  the  necessary  machinery  was 
set  in  motion,  and  the  displacement  of  men  began.  In 
many  parts  of  the  country,  indeed,  men  did  not  wait  for 
these  events :   action  began  to  be  taken  as  soon  as  it  was 

which  the  following  is  extracted  : — "  For  Cumberland — Major-Generall 
Charles  Howard,  William  Briscoe,  Esq.  For  Carlisle — Scoutmaster- 
generall  Downey.     For  Westmorelajid— none  yet  returned." 

1.  Hist,  of  Cumberland,  p.  255.     (Popular  County  Histories.) 

2.  Vide  p.  42. 

3.  A  "collection  of  Farewell  Sermons  preached  by  Calamy  [and  others] 
to  their  respective  congregations  at  their  departure  from  them "  was 
published  in  1662. 


76  The    Ejected    of  1662 

decided  that  Monarchy  should  be  restored;  but,  at  least, 
the  action  was  definite  and  decisive  after  the  King 
actually  returned.  It  has  already  been  stated  that  Peti- 
tions from  Sequestered  Ministers  and  suffering,  or  pseudo- 
suffering,  E-oyalists  of  all  kinds  began  to  pour  in.  The 
Journals  of  the  House  of  Lords  for  May  and  June,  1660, 
abound  with  them.  In  some  cases  the  request  was  for 
actual  and  immediate  reinstatement  in  benefices  from 
which  the  petitioners  had  been  sequestered  "  by  Oliver 
Cromwell  and  his  pretended  Council " ;  ^  also  that  "  satis- 
faction"' might  be  made  "for  the  profits  so  unjustly  "  kept 
from  them,  "  or  at  least  that  the  fifths  might  be  paid." 
In  other  cases  petitioners  ask  that  "  the  tithes  and  other 
profits  of  sequestered  livings  "  may  be  secured  "to  Church 
Wardens  and  Overseers  of  the  poor  of  tlie  several  parishes 
until  the  titles  of  the  sequestered  Clergy  and  of  the 
present  possessors  should  be  determined."  -  In  the 
Seventh  Report  of  the  Historical  MSS.  Commission, 
appear  the  names  of  some  580  petitioning  Clergy,  ranging 
over  all  the  country,  their  Petitions  being  presented  to 
the  House  of  Lords  on  June  23rd,  1660,  among  them 
eleven  from  Westmorland  and  Cumberland;  and  the 
administration  being  in  local  hands  it  is  easy  to  see  what 
would  happen  in  those  places  in  which  local  feeling  was 
deeply  stirred.  The  possessor  of  a  living,  who  did  not 
happen  to  be  a  Hoyalist,  would  know  how  little  chance 
there  was  of  success  in  contesting  any  claim  to  continuance 
therein.  The  Convention  Parliament,  also,  by  its  ordin- 
ance of  September,  1660,  authorizing  the  return  of 
Sequestered  Incumbents,  where  still  living,  contributed 
largely  in  the  same  direction ;  and  possibly  the  influence 
of  Richard  Sterne,  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  with  his  Dean,  Dr. 
Guy  Carleton,  a  strong  and  active  supporter  of  the 
Royalist  cause,  even  more. 

There  is  quite  a  conflict  of  opinion  as  to  the  real  charac- 
ter of  Richard  Sterne.     Burnet's  description  of  him  as 

1 .  H.  M.  C.  Seventh  Report,  Part  i,  p.  100. 

2.  Ihid  ,  p.  104. 


Richard   Sterne  "jj 

"  a  sour  ill  tempered  man  who  minded  chiefly  the  enrich- 
ing of  his  family  and  was  suspected  of  popery,  because  he 
was  more  than  ordinarily  compliant  in  all  things  to  the 
court  and  very  zealous  for  the  duke,"  ^  is  questioned  by 
some,  though  for  what  reason  it  is  not  easy  to  discover. 
E-ichard  Baxter,  referring  to  the  Savoy  Conference  of 
1661,  gives  Sterne  a  character  not  very  dissimilar :  — 

Among  all  the  Bishops  there  was  none  who  had  so  promising  a 
Face  as  Dr.  Sterne,  the  Bishop  of  Carlisle.  He  look'd  so  honestly, 
and  gravely,  and  soberly,  that  I  scarce  thought  such  a  Face  could 
have  deceived  me ;  and  when  I  was  intreating  them  not  to  cast  out 
BO  many  of  their  Brethren  through  the  Nation,  as  scrupeled  a 
Ceremony  which  they  confess'd  indifferent,  he  tum'd  to  the  rest  of 
the  Reverend  Bishops,  and  noted  me  for  saying  [in  the  Nation].  He 
will  not  say  [in  the  Kingdom]'  saith  he,  lest  he  own  a  King.  This 
was  all  that  ever  I  heard  that  worthy  Prelate  say  :  But  with  grief 
I  told  him,  that  half  the  Charity  which  became  so  grave  a  Bishop, 
might  have  sufficed  to  have  helpt  him  to  a  better  Exposition  of  the 
word  [Nation];  from  the  Mouths  of  such  who  have  so  lately  taken 
the  Oaths  of  Allegiance  and  Supremacy,  and  sworn  Fidelity  to  the 
King  as  his  Chaplains,  and  had  such  Testimonies  from  him  as  we 
have  had  :  and  that  our  case  was  sad,  if  we  could  plead  by  the  King's 
Commission  for  Accommodation,  upon  no  better  Terms,  than  to  be 
noted  as  Traytors,  every  time  we  used  such  a  word  as  the  [Nation] 
which  all  monarchical  Writers  use.2 

Nicolson  and  Burn  endeavour  to  tone  down  Bishop 
Burnet's  estimate  of  him,  and  present  him  in  a  more 
favourable  light.  They  cite  a  letter  from  York,  whither 
Sterne  was  transferred,  in  1664,  to  the  Archiepiscopal 
Chair,  in  which,  among  other  things,  it  is  said  that  "he 
was  greatly  respected  and  generally  lamented.  All  the 
clergy  commemorate  his  sweet  condescensions,  his  free 
communications,  faithful  counsels,  exemplary  temperance, 
chearful  hospitality,  and  bountiful  charity."  ^  Thomas 
Pickard's  letter  is  much  to  the  same  effect.  *  Dr.  Stough- 
ton,  also,  seems  wishful    to  take  a  slightly  more  generous 

1.  Hist,  of  his  Own  Times,  p.  382. 

2.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.  338. 

3.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  289. 

4.  Vide  p.  766. 


78  The   Ejected   of  1662 

view  of  his  character,  though  he  scarcely  succeeds  in  doing 
so.  On  summing  up  the  position,  he  says :  — "  It  only 
follows  that  the  Archbishop  showed  himself  an  exceed- 
ingly disagreeable  man  to  such  as  belonged  to  the  opposite 
party,  and  quite  a  pleasant  one  to  those  who  belonged  to 
his  own."  ^  Thoresby  has  the  following  suggestive 
reference  to  his  son  under  date  February  19,  1683 : — "At 
Street  house,  took  up  a  gentleman  and  his  man  who  proved 
very  good  company  (not  so  hot  as  I  feared,  being  the 
Archbishop's  son)  Richard  Sterne,  Esq.,  Parliament  man 
for  Ripon."  ^  Hutchinson,  however,  asserts  that  the 
letter  in  question  is  practically  valueless  because  anony- 
mous, and  complains  more  than  once  of  the  ecclesiastical 
bias  of  Nicolson  and  Burn's  work.-^  Sterne  being  a  pro- 
nounced Royalist  had  suifered  considerably  under  the 
Commonwealth  regime.  For  conveying  the  plate  of 
Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  when  he  was  Master  there,  to 
Charles  I.  at  York,  he  was  imprisoned  for  several  months; 
and  he  appears  to  have  carefully  preserved  the  memory 
of  his  experiences  during  these  times.  ^  His  translation 
to  the  See  of  Carlisle  was  near  the  end  of  1660,  his  Con- 
secration taking  place  in  December  of  that  year.  He 
appears  in  the  list  of  petitioners  previously  mentioned,  s 
against  his  name  being  the  words  "  Harleton  Camb  " ;  and 
his  removal  from  that  place  occurred  almost  immediately 
after.  The  domestic  Chaplain  of  Archbishop  Laud, 
attending  him  on  the  scaffold  at  his  death,  whatever 
else  he  may  have  been,  we  may  expect  to  find  that  he  was 
a  strong  and  aggressive  Churchman.  That  he  was  such 
the  Episcopal  Register  at  Carlisle  abundantly  testifies. 
He  held  ordination  services  quite  frequently,  licensed  a 
large  number  of  men,  and  with  his  advent  and  that  of 
his  Dean  changes  began  to  register  themselves  through 

1.  Eeligion  in  England,  vol.  iii,  p.  486. 

2.  Diary,  vol.  i,  p.  154. 

3.  Hutchinson,  vol.  ii,  p.  632. 

4.  In  Le  Neve's  Lives  of  the  Bishops  is  a  letter  from  his  pen  dated 
Oct.  9th,  1643,  in  which  he  details  fully  his  sufferings. 

5.  Vide  p.  76. 


Calamy  79 

the  Diocese.  Richard  Gilpin  of  Greystoke  made  way  for 
William  Morland  the  old  Eector  towards  the  end  of  1660 ; 
George  Larkham  was  ejected  by  violence  in  November, 
1660;  George  Benson  lost  his  vicarage  at  Bridekirk  in 
October,  1660;  and  so  with  the  rest.  In  other  Counties 
the  Act  of  Uniformity  was  a  necessity,  because  local 
feeling  was  fairly  evenly  balanced;  but  it  was  not  so  in 
this  area.  Had  there  been  no  Act  of  Uniformity  it  would 
have  been  much  the  same  so  far  as  Cumberland  and 
Westmorland  are  concerned.  Nearly  every  man  who  went 
out  did  so  before  St.  Bartholomew's  Day ;  in  some  instances 
almost  two  years  before.  It  is  still,  of  course,  quite  per- 
missible to  speak  of  the  "  Ejected  Ministers  "  in  relation 
to  St.  Bartholomew's  Day,  and  Calamy,  the  Historian, 
does  not  in  the  least  stand  discredited  by  the  discovery 
of  this  fact.  His  book  is: — "An  Account  of  the  Minis- 
ters, Lecturers,  Masters  and  Fellows  of  Colleges  and 
Schoolmasters,  who  were  Ejected  or  Silenced  after  the 
Restoration  in  1660,  By,  or  before,  the  Act  of  Uniformity." 
It  is  true  that  in  the  various  sketches  he  is  not  always 
careful  to  indicate  who  went  out  "before,"  and  who  "by," 
the  Act  of  Uniformity;  and  that  is  a  defect  in  the  work. 
In  his  Preface  he  gives  us  the  principles  which  guided 
him  in  its  composition.  "A  Catalogue  of  them"  [the 
Ejected],  says  he,  "was  Printed  in  1663,  but  it  was  diffi- 
cult to  come  by,  and  very  scarce.  I  could  not  obtain  a 
sight  of  it,  till  my  first  Edition  of  this  Work  was  got 
through  the  Press ;  and  when  I  look'd  into  it,  I  found  it 
very  deficient.  It  mentions  the  names  of  those  who  were 
Ejected  in  London  and  Essex,  and  Eight  Counties  more, 
but  has  not  a  word  of  all  the  rest,  and  yet  it  bears  the 
Title  of  an  exact  Catalogue."  ^  This  list,  he  says,  con- 
tains not  more  than  "  Five  or  Six  Hundred."  Four  other 
lists  came  into  his  hands.  "  One  was  Collected  with  great 
Industry  and  Application  by  the  Reverend  Mr.  William 
Taylor,  late  of  jSTewbery,  who  while  Chaplain  to  the  late 
Lord  Wharton,  had   a  Correspondence   in  most  parts   of 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  iv. 


8o  The    Ejected    of  1662 

England,  in  pursuit  of  his  Design" ;  "two  I  receiv'd  from 
the  laborious  Mr.  Roger  Morrice" ;  "the  fourth  I  receiv'd 
from  another  hand."  ^  He  informs  us  that  he  collated 
these  several  lists  and  drew  up  one  "out  of  all  of  them, 
omitting  none  where  they  were  all  agreed;  and  where  they 
differ' d,  1  sometimes  foUow'd  one  copy,  and  sometimes 
another,  with  respect  to  the  several  Counties,  according  to 
the  Information  and  Advice  of  such  as  T  consulted  in 
Person,  and  by  Letter,  for  the  Places  with  which  they 
were  best  Acquainted."  The  person  upon  whom  he  mainly 
relied  for  our  area  was  Dr.  Thomas  Dixon  of  Whitehaven. 
It  is  not  easy  to  suggest  safer  principles  than  those 
which  Calamy  adopted,  yet  they  did  not  preserve  him 
from  error;  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  1663  list 
to  which  he  refers,  whilst  defective,  is  more  accurate  than 
his  own  in  one  or  two  particulars.  It  is  also  particularly 
valuable  because  it  distinguishes  between  those  ejected 
"  before "  and  "  by "  the  Uniformity  Act.  A  copy  of 
this  rare  Tract  appears  in  the  Walker  MSS.  from  which 
the  following  is  extracted  :  — 

An   Exact   Catalogue    of    the    names    of    several    Ministers    lately 
Ejected  out  of  their  Levings  in  several  Counties  of  England,  Because 
they  could  not  conform  for  Conscience  Sake,  London,  printed  1663. 
In  Westmerland  : 

Ministers  outed  upon  Title  : 

Mr.   Langhorne  of  Askam. 

Mr.  Jackson,  of  Crosby  on  the  Hill. 

Mr.  Wallace  of  Evesham. 
Ministers  outed  for  Nonconformity  : 

Mr.  Higgeson  of  Kirby  Stephen. 

Mr.  Dodgson  of  Rushendale. 

Mr.  Roberts  of  Barton. 

Mr.   Dalton  of   Shape. 

Mr.    Greenwood   of  Hutton,   near   Kendal. 
In  Cumberland  : 

Ministers   outed    since  1660  : 

Mr.  Gilpin  of  Graystock. 

Mr.   Baldwin  of  Penrith. 

Mr.   Starre  of  Carlisle. 

Mr.  Larkham  of  Cockermouth. 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  v.      * 


Calamy  8 1 


Mr.    Benson  of  Bride   Kerke. 

Mr.  Lane  [Cave]  of  Cros  [Crosthwaite]  in  Keswick  Parish 
Mr.  Hopkins  of  Mellerby. 
Mr.  Askyns  [Atkinson]  of  Lazonby. 
Mr.   Broadly  of  Addingham. 
Mr.  Forward  of  Bolton. 
Mr.  John  Jacksoin  of  Hutton. 
Mr.  Peter  Jackson  of  Sowerby. 
Mr.  Yates  of  Ainstable. 
Mr.  Carmitchel  of  Thursby. 
Mr.  Tayler  of  Eadnal  [Edenhall]. 
Mr.  Saxton  of  Bonus  [Bowness]. 
Mr.  Cragge  of  New  Kerke. 
Ministers  outed  upon  the    Act  : 
Mr.  Rogers  of  Crogelyn. 
Mr.  Barnard  of  Brampton.' 

It  may  be  that  the  plan  here  followed,  comparatively 
easy  in  1663,  in  Calamy's  day,  had  become  impossible; 
but  no  one  can  read  his  Preface  and  be  in  any  doubt  as 
to  his  intentions.  His  list  is  meant  to  include  all  the 
"Silenced"  and  "Ejected"  between  the  years  1660  and 
1662.  Both  Calamy  and  Palmer  give  the  number  of  men 
ejected  for  Cumberland  as  thirty,  of  whom  four  are  said  to 
have  conformed  afterwards;  for  Westmorland  nine,  of 
whom  four  conformed;  and  two  are  singled  out  as  un- 
worthy of  being  remembered  because  of  some  scandalous 
conduct  associated  with  their  names. 

We  shall  see  later  how  far  these  figures  are  accurate. 
What,  however,  impresses  the  reader  is  the  largeness  of 
the  number  of  those  who  accepted  the  new  situation,  and, 
therefore,  were  left  undisturbed,  as  compared  with  the 
neighbouring  County  of  Lancashire ;  and  the  still  further 
fact,  that  many  of  those  who  were  displaced  or  ejected 
were  undistinguished.  In  Calamy's  list  they  are  mere 
names,  not  a  sentence  being  given  about  them ;  and  in  the 
case  of  not  a  few  the  most  careful  research  has  resulted  in 
establishing  little  more  than  that  such  and  such  persons 
lived.     The  truth  is  that  the  livings  were  small  and  in 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  8,  fol.  20,  Bodl.  It  will  be  noted  that  this  list 
contains  fewer  names  than  Calamy's,  and  that  it  makes  clear  the 
Ejection  of  Wallace  from  Heversham. 

G 


82  The   Ejected   of  1662 

out  of  tke  way  places,  and  that,  while  the  men  in  them 
doubtless  served  faithfully,  they  lacked  those  qualities 
that  were  likely  to  make  them  appear  much  in  the  public 
eye. 

Reference  has  several  times  been  made  to  the  Seques- 
tration of  the  Clergy  before  the  Restoration,  and  it  may 
be  well  to  hark  back  a  little  and  look  at  the  situation  from 
that  point  of  view.  The  machinery  used  for  this  purpose 
appears  to  have  been  of  a  complicated  character,  but  the 
following  briefly  summarised  facts  will  help  to  an  under- 
standing of  the  matter.  "  The  Committee  for  Scandalous 
Ministers,"  ^  says  Dr.  Shaw,  "was  the  first  mechanism 
invented  by  the  Long  Parliament  for  dealing  expressly 
with  the  clergy."  It  began  its  work  four  months  after 
the  Long  Parliament  was  summoned  into  being  and  on  the 
22nd  of  November,  1643,  published  the  first  century  of 
Scandalous  Ministers. 2  It  will,  of  course,  be  remembered 
that  when  this  Committee  was  appointed  the  King  was 
still  on  the  throne,  the  Civil  War  had  not  broken  out,  and 
there  was  no  thought  of  the  overthrow  of  either  Episco- 
pacy or  Monarchy.  Within  a  year  or  two  this  Committee 
was  replaced  by  the  Plundered  Ministers'  Committee,  one 
of  the  most  powerful  of  all  the  Committees  which  those 
years  produced.  The  Committee  for  the  Reformation  of 
the  Universities,  more  or  less  operative  since  1646,  exer- 
cised many  of  the  functions  of  the  Plundered  Ministers' 
Committee;  but  the  latter  body  absorbed  the  former  in 
February,  1652-3,  and  the  Plundered  Ministers'  Com- 
mittee itself  was  replaced  by  the  Trustees  for  Maintenance 
of   Ministers    in    1653.     The    powers    of    the    Plundered 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  178.  The  facts  given  here  are  largely 
drawn  from  this  excellent  work.  Dr.  Shaw  has  brought  order  out  of 
chaos,  and  unravelled  the  tangled  skein  in  relation  to  the  various 
Committees  called  into  existence  during  the  Long  Parliament's  life  for 
dealing  with  Church  matters.  He  confesses  that  there  are  still  some 
things  requiring  fuller  light,  but  under  his  guidance  the  reader  may 
walk  confidently,  and  in  the  end  he  will  arrive  at  a  fairly  accurate 
knowledge  of   the  situation. 

2.  "1st  February,  1640-41.  Ordered.  That  the  Committee  for 
Scandalous  Ministers  shall  begin  to  meet  tomorrow."    C.J.,  vol.  ii,  p.  96. 


Committees  83 

Ministers'  Committee  were  at  certain  times  exceedingly 
large,  relating  to  Augmentation  of  Stipends,  Sequestration 
of  Livings,  and  Examination  of  Ministers.  With  regard 
to  the  latter  question  there  were  various  examining  bodies. 
During  the  Presbyterian  regime,  1646 — 1650,  the  Classis 
examined  and  ordained.  The  Plundered  Ministers'  Com- 
mittee, Trustees  for  Maintenance  of  Ministers,  Committee 
for  Reformation  of  Universities  more  or  less  exercised 
this  function.  On  the  20th  of  March,  1653-4,  Cromwell 
and  his  Council  established  the  Commissioners  for  Appro- 
bation of  Public  Preachers,  the  "  Triers,"  as  they  came 
to  be  called.     Says  Dr.  Shaw:  — 

The  Act  was  made  retrospective  as  far  as  related  to  all  presentations 
made  since  1st  April,  1653.  The  Commissioners  were  not  to  grant 
any  such  instrument  of  admission  to  any  who  could  not  produce  to 
them  a  testimonial  or  certificate  of  three  persons  of  known  godliness 
and  integrity,  one  of  them  a  minister,  to  whom  the  applicant  was  to 
be  personally  known.  They  were  not  to  grantadmission  to  sequestered 
or  delinquent  ministers  except  upon  a  signification  from  the  Protector 
and  his  Council.' 

All  this  central  machinery  was,  of  course,  worked  in 
conjunction  with  local  assistance;  but,  in  particular, 
sectional  Committees  were  called  into  existence  on  whom 
very  large  powers  were  devolved,  one  of  the  most  impor- 
tant being  the  "  Committee  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  in  the  four  Northern  Counties."  In  consequence 
of  a  petition  from  these  four  Counties  in  reference  to  the 
state  of  religion  in  them,  as  early  as  December  20th,  1649, 
a  Committee  was  appointed  to  deal  with  the  matter;  and 
in  the  February  following,  "  Sir  Arthur  Haselrig  was 
ordered  to  bring  in  a  bill  for  settling  ministers  in  the 
northern  counties. "^  It  was  passed  on  March  1st,  1649-50, 
as  "  an  Act  for  the  better  propagating  the  Gospel  in  the 
four  Northern  Counties  of  Northumberland,  Cumberland, 
Westmorland  and  Durham." 

It  is  not  easy  to  arrive  at  the  true  character  of  Sir 
Arthur  Haselrig,  the  prime  mover  in  this  matter,  whose 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  284. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  226. 


84  The    Ejected    of   1662 

personality  made  itself  felt  considerably  in  this  area 
during  these  years.  He  was  one  of  the  "  five  members," 
whom  Charles  I.  impeached  and  attempted  to  arrest  in 
the  House  of  Commons;  and  he  is  generally  regarded  as 
one  of  Cromwell's  most  faithful  supporters.  Appointed 
governor  of  Newcastle,  it  would  appear  that  he  played 
considerably  for  his  own  hand.  In  the  "  Musgrave 
Tracts  "  ^  a  decidedly  unfavourable  character  is  given  to 
him.  He  is  charged  with  advancing  his  own  material 
interests  at  the  expense  of  the  State,  with  appointing  men 
to  livings  irrespective  of  their  character  and  attitude 
towards  the  Government,  and  with  lending  to  the  Govern- 
ment a  very  doubtful  support.  These  charges  were  prin- 
cipally levelled  by  William  Lampit,  an  Independent 
Minister,  and  so  possibly  must  be  discounted  a  little, 
though  his  appointments  suggest  that  he  certainly  did  not 
favour  Independency.  After  Cromwell's  death,  and  while 
Monk  was  arranging  matters  his  attitude  was  doubtful; 
and  at  the  Restoration  along  with  Lambert  he  escaped 
with  imprisonment  for  life. 

It  is  impossible  to  give  the  precise  number  of  men 
sequestered  by  Sir  Arthur  Haselrig  and  others ;  but  so  far 
as  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  are  concerned  it  is  quite 
certain  that  Walker  has  considerably  understated  it. 
The  main  point  to  remember,  however,  is  that  the  Clergy 
at  this  time  were  not  noted  either  for  their  character, 
their  efl&ciency,  or  devotion  to  duty;  and  it  has  already 
been  indicated  that  the  one  thing  which  the  various  Com- 
mittees sought  to  secure  in  all  parts  of  the  country  was 
"  an  able  and  godly  ministry."  There  is  no  reason  what- 
ever to  think  that  where  the  Clergy  faithfully  did  their 
duty,  and  where  they  did  not  make  themselves  obnoxious 
to  the  Government,  they  were  disturbed.  Evidence 
indeed  abounds  that  they  were  not  only  left  unmolested, 
bu-f  that  the  greatest  patience  was  exercised  towards  them, 
even  when  they  proved  to  be  fiercely  "  malignant." 
Richard    Archer    of    Windermere    is    described    as    "  a 

1.  Vide  p.  613. 


Commonwealth    Tolerance  85 

Kon-covenanter  and  disaffected,"  yet  lie  continued  in 
the  living  until  his  death  in  1653;  William  Eichardson 
of  Brough  was  "  a  Non-covenanter  and  disaffected,"  yet 
he  remained  until  Restoration  times ;  Lancelot  Lowther  of 
Kirkby  Thore  is  given  as  "  a  Malignant  and  pluralist 
lately  come  from  ye  Kinges  Quarters,"  but  he  was  dis- 
turbed mainly,  if  not  exclusively,  because  of  his  Plural- 
ism; and  in  like  manner  with  others.  It  is  clear,  there- 
fore, that  the  regime  of  that  period  has  been  greatly 
caricatured.  As  previously  intimated  local  feeling  was 
without  doubt  an  important  factor  in  the  situation,  and 
that  could  not  always  be  restrained  or  properly  directed ; 
but  the  central  authority  endeavoured,  as  far  as  possible, 
to  eliminate  from  its  action  the  element  of  harshness. 
Hence  it  is  disappointing  to  find  the  latest  County  History 
so  seriously  straying  in  this  matter,  and  adopting  a  view 
which  stands  quite  discredited  in  the  light  of  actual  fact. 
In  the  Chapter  on  the  Ecclesiastical  History  of  Cumber- 
land Dr.  Wilson,  the  Editor,  says  :  — 

For  several  yeaxs  little  else  but  anarchy  prevailed  in  the  county, 
as  the  fortunes  of  the  opposing  forces  fluctuated  in  favour  of  the 
King  or  the  parliament.  In  the  sequestrations  which  followed  the 
military  triumph  of  puritanism,  the  leading  clergy  of  the  diocese,  as 
well  as  the  dean  and  chapter,  were  ejected  from  their  livings.  If 
there  was  any  tendency  on  the  part  of  those  with  royalist  proclivities 
to  hold  on,  the  committee  of  "  tryers  "  accepted  the  most  flimsy  charges 
wherewith  to  oust  them  from  their  parishes.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
that  many  of  the  clergy,  specially  those  in  the  poorer  and  more 
secluded  parishes,  bent  their  necks  to  the  puritan  yoke  and  stood 
their  ground.  It  is  difficult  to  estimate  the  motives  of  those  who 
accepted  the  directory  and  swore  to  maintain  the  covenant,  but  there  is 
evidence  that  if  some  did  so  from  conviction,  others  acted  from  policy. 
Against  these  may  be  placed  the  example  of  Timothy  Tullie,  rector 
of  Cliburn,  who  became  the  "bright  particular  star"  of  presby- 
terianism  while  the  Commonwealth  lasted,  but  who  altered  his  orbit 
without  dimming  his  lustre  by  becoming  a  Canon  of  York  on  the 
restoration  of  the  church  and  crown.  The  committee  of  "  tryers," 
notwithstanding  the  supposed  leniency  with  which  they  exercised 
their  unpleasant  vocation,  were  quite  unable  to  find  substitutes  of 
their   own   way  of   thinking    for  the  vacant   benefices.     For    fourteen 


86  The   Ejected   of  1662 

years  the  precincts  of  the  cathedral  lay  in  ruins,  aaid  the  floor  of  the 
cathedral  itself  was  common  ground  at  the  disposal  of  all  the  sects. 
The  principal  churches  of  the  diocese  were  supplied  either  by  resident 
or  itinerant  ministers  of  the  presbyterian,  independent  or  baptist 
persuasion,  but  the  presbyterians  predominated  in  number  and 
influence.  If  pluralism  could  be  alleged  with  truth  as  a  defect  of  the 
order  of  church  government,  it  was  repeated  in  an  aggravated  form, 
though  perhaps  from  necessity,  when  the  sequestrators  had  finished 
their  work,  for  it  was  no  uncommon  thing  for  one  minister  under  the 
new  regime  to  be  the  peripatetic  pastor  of  three  parishes.  Some  of 
the  churches  were  shut  up,  and  most  of  the  preachers  admitted  by  the 
commissioners  were  not  ministers  at  all,  not  even  according  to  the 
religious  conceptions  of  the  period.  For  some  time  after  the  fall  of 
episcopacy  there  was  no  ecclesiastical  or  religious  organization  among 
the  ministers  and  no  cohesion  among  the  parishes.  The  vacant 
churches  had  been  allotted  to  members  of  various  sects  as  each  sect 
in  turn  had  gained  the  mastery  of  the  local  committees.  In  any  group 
of  parishes  it  was  possible  to  find  the  ministers  in  charge  belonging 
to  opposing  denominations.  The  presbyterians  endeavoured  to  find 
some  sort  of  church  discipline,  but  every  attempt  at  combination 
created  jealousy  among  the  rest  and  led  to  controversy  and  strife. 
The  first  effort  to  form  an  alliance  between  the  presbyterians  and 
independents  was  begun  in  1653,  "but  it  took  not"  among  the 
brethren  of  the  "congregational  judgment."  It  is  a  singular  coinci- 
dence that  it  was  in  this  year  that  George  Fox  commenced  his 
mission  in  the  county.  There  was  a  cloud  upon  the  horizon,  at  this 
time  no  bigger  than  a  man's  hand,  which  soon  grew  to  such  stupendous 
proportions  that  the  two  principal  denominations  were  forced  to  combine 
in  order  to  preserve  themselves  from  extinction.  Fox  made  a  progress 
from  parish  to  parish  through  the  western  portion  of  the  county. 
At  Brigham  he  converted  John  Wilkinson,  "  who  was  preacher  of  that 
parish  and  of  two  other  parishes  in  Cumberland,'  in  which  neighbour- 
hood "many  hundreds  were  convinced.  Consternation  is  scarcely  the 
word  to  describe  the  state  of  feeling  which  filled  the  hearts  of  the 
religious   leaders   in  that   portion   of   the   county   at   the  missionary 

success  of  Fox The  religious  instincts  of  the  people,  so  far  as 

they  were  represented  by  the  preachers  who  had  supplanted  the  old 
order  of  clergy,  began  to  gravitate  towards  Fox,  who,  in  a  few  years, 
was  almost  universally  accepted  as  the  sovereignpontiff  of  Cumberland. 
The  puritan  teachers  were  so  utterly  forsaken  that  the  churches  in 
some  parishes  stood  empty.  It  can  be  readily  imagined  that  the 
external  pressure  oi  Fox's  preaching  contributed  in  no  small  measure 
to  "the  agreement  of  the  associated  ministers  and  churches  of  the 
counties  of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland,"  which  was  brought  to  a 
successful     issue     in     1656.  .  •  .  All     scandalous     persons,     such    as 


I 


Pluralism  87 

episcopalians,  papists  and  quakers,   were  rigidly  excluded   from  the 
Association  till  they  had  publicly  recanted  their  errors.^ 

There  is  a  very  considerable  amount  of  literary  em- 
broidery in  that  passage,  permissible,  may  be,  in  even  the 
serious  historian,  provided  it  does  not  entice  him  into 
error;  but  in  this  case  it  has  done  so.  Lengthy  as  the 
quotation  is,  there  is  scarcely  a  sentence  in  it  which  might 
not  be  successfully  contravened.  It  is  far  from  correct, 
for  example,  to  suggest  that  a  person  was  deemed  "scan- 
dalous" because  he  was  an  "Episcopalian  " ;  and  that  the 
"tryers"  accepted  "flimsy  charges"  against  those  who  had 
Royalist  proclivities  with  a  view  to  ousting  them  from 
their  livings.  Enough  has  already  been  said  to  show  how 
little  ground  there  is  for  statements  of  that  kind,  and  that 
many  of  the  Royalist  Clergy  held  on,  though  they  were 
not  careful  to  conceal  their  hostility  to  the  existing 
Government. 

Still  more  does  the  statement  about  Pluralism  mis- 
represent the  case.  It  has  already  been  shown  that  the 
one  evil  which  the  Puritans  set  themselves  to  remove  was 
Pluralism,  that  the  Clergyman  was  merely  compelled  to 
make  choice  of  the  living  in  which  he  would  serve,  not 
with  a  view  to  his  Sequestration,  though  a  Royalist,  but 
with  a  view  to  a  more  efficient  ministry  among  the  people. 
The  "  peripatetic  pastor "  is  much  of  a  fiction.  With 
the  exception  of  James  Cave,  an  Itinerant  Minister  in  the 
Bassenthwaite  Lake  district,  of  whom  more  presently, 
and  John  Smith,  who  laboured  similarly  in  the  Eskdale 
district,  the  "  peripatetic  pastor  of  three  parishes "  is 
unknown.  Neighbouring  Parishes  were  frequently  linked 
together  and  served  by  one  man ;  that,  however,  is  not  the 
sort  of  Pluralism  which  was  assailed  by  the  Puritans,  but 
rather  where  Parishes  as  wide  apart  as  Workington  and 
Kirkby  Thore,  Grasmere  and  Asby,  Bowness  and  Bramp- 
ton, Barton  and  Asby,  Skelton  and  Ousby,  were  in  the 
hands  of  the  same  Incumbent,  leading,  as  it  did,  to  all 
the  evils  of  non  residence. 

1.  The  Victoria  History  of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  vol.  ii,  pp.  93-97, 
edited  by  James  Wilson,  M.A.,  Litt.D. 


88  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Then,  though  there  is  not  the  slightest  wish  to  minimize 
the  influence  of  George  Fox,  whose  success  was  quite 
phenomenal,  as  will  be  shown  in  the  account  of  the 
Quaker  movement,  the  matter  is  greatly  exaggerated  in 
the   paragraph  just  mentioned. 

Still  further  the  account  of  the  Cumberland  and  "West- 
morland Agreement  is  quite  incorrect.  This  "Agree- 
ment," largely  the  work  of  E-ichard  Gilpin,  was  one  of 
the  earliest  of  its  kind.  It  is  sometimes  regarded  as  the 
fruit  of  the  Worcestershire  Association ;  but  that  this  was 
not  so  E-ichard  Baxter  himself  is  at  pains  to  make  clear : — 

About  the  same  time  that  we  were  thus  associating  in  Worcestershire 
it  pleased  God  to  stir  up  the  Ministers  of  Cuunberland  and  Westmor- 
land to  the  same  Course;  who  though  they  knew  not  what  we  had 
done,  yet  fell  upon  the  same  way,  and  agreed  on  Articles  to  the  same 
purpose  and  of  the  same  Sense  and  Importance  as  ours  were ;  of 
which  Mr.  Richard  Gilpin  (one  of  them,  a  worthy  faithful  Minister) 
sent  me  word,  when  he  saw  our  Articles  in  print;  and  they  also 
printed  theirs  (to  save  the  writing  of  many  Copies  and  to  excite  others 
to  the  same  way)  and  they  found  the  same  readiness  to  Union  among 
the  Brethren  as  we  had  done.' 

In  the  letter  also  of  these  Associated  Ministers  to 
Richard  Baxter,  dated  September  1st,  1653,  addressed 
from  Penrith,  they  say :  — 

Whatever  Advantage  others  may  reap  by  your  Endeavours  we  are 
sure  the  Advantage  that  we  have  by  them  is  double.  We,  before  we 
had  heard  of  your  Book,  had  undertaken  a  Work  of  the  like  nature; 
Several  of  us  meeting  together  to  consult  about  managing  the  Lord's 
Work  in  our  Hands,  were  convinced  that  for  Reformation  of  our 
People,  more  ought  to  be  done  by  us  than  bare  Preaching,  a  brotherly 
Association  of  Ministers  appeared  to  be  the  likliest  course  for  the 
attainment  of  our  Desires,  and  accordingly  was  resolved  on  :  And 
because  we  knew  that  many  of  our  Brethren  in  the  Ministry  differed 
from  us,  we  resolved  to  draw  up  severall  Proposals  wherein  we  and 
they  by  a  mutual  Condescention  might  agree  as  Brethren  in  Love 
and  Peace  to  carry  on  the  same  Work,  and  therefore  required  nothing 
of  them  but  what  we  proved  by  the  Confessions  of  the  Congregational 
Brethren  (their  own  Party)  to  be  of  less  Moment,  and  not  of  absolute 
Necessity.  Wherein  (we  urged)  they  might  and  ought  to  yield  for 
the  Churches  Peace  :  but  our  Endeavours  to  gain  them  were  frustrated, 

1.  Rel.   Bax.,  p.   162. 


The  Association   Movement  89 

they  were  so  resolved  that  they  would  not  so  much  as  read  our 
Proposals  and  Reasons.  We  therefore  set  about  the  Work  ourselves, 
and  made  some  Progress  in  it;  by  this  time  we  began  to  feel  what 
we  expected  at  the  first  setting  out,  viz.  the  Rage  and  Malice  of 
wicked  men  vented  in  Railings  and  Slanders  on  the  cme  hand  and 
bitter  Censures  and  Suspicions  of  the  Brethren  on  the  other-  In  the 
midst  of  all  this  we  received  your  Book  as  a  seasonable  Refreshment ; 
Our  Hands  were  much  strengthened  by  it ;  it  was  a  great  Encourage- 
ment to  us,  to  see  that  other  godly  and  learned  Men  had  walked  much 
what  in  the  same  Steps,  and  had  pleaded  our  Cause  almost  by  the 
same  Arguments  wherewith  we  endeavoured  to  strengthen  it.' 

To  the  same  effect  their  statement  in  "  Explication."  ^ 

The  publication  of  the  Worcestershire  Agreement 
appears  to  have  given  encouragement  and  stimulus  to  the 
Cumbrian  brethren,  but  the  independent  origin  of  their 
Association  is  beyond  question. 

The  letter  just  referred  to,  which  deals  with  a  number 
of  points  in  the  Worcestershire  Agreement  upon  which 
the  writers  desired  fuller  light,  is  signed  by :  — 
"  E-i.  Gilpin,  Pastor  at  Graystock. 

John  Makmillane,  Pastor  at  Odenhall  [Edenhall]. 

Roger  Baldwin,  Minister  of  Penrith. 

John  Billingsley,  Minister  at  Addingham. 

Elisha  Bourne,  Minister  at  Skelton. 

John  Jackson,  Pastor  of  Hutton. 

Thomas  Turner,  Preacher  of  the  Gospel."  3 

From  the  signatures  it  would  appear  that  some,  at  least, 
of  the  brethren  of  the  "  Congregational  way  "  still  stood 
aloof  from  the  movement,  though  shortly  after  they  joined 
it.  George  Larkham  preached  before  the  Ministers 
assembled  at  Cockermouth  on  May  10th,  1654,  and  he 
addressed  them  as  "  Reverend  and  Honoured  Brethren  in 
the  Ministry,  and  you,  my  neighbours  and  friends."  * 

On  the  12th  of  August,  1656,  they  published  their 
"Agreement  with  something  for  Explication  and  Exhorta- 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  pp.  162,  163. 

2.  Vide  p.   97. 

3.  Rel.  Bax.,  pp.   163-4. 

4.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  164. 


90  The   Ejected   of  1662 

tion  annexed."  As  this  pamphlet  is  extremely  rare  ^  and 
most  important  as  a  study  of  the  Association  movement 
and  the  spirit  of  the  men  who  were  its  leaders,  consider- 
able extracts  are  here  appended  :  — 

The 

AGREEMENT 

of  the 

Associated 

Ministers  and  Chueches 

of  the 

COUNTIES 

of 
Cumberland 
and 
Westmorland, 
With   something    for 
Explication  and  Exhortation 
Annexed. 
Texts.     1  Cor.  1,  10,  11,   12,  13. 
1  Cor.  3,  3,  4. 
Rom.  14,  19. 
Phil.  2,  4. 
Rom.  16,  17,  18. 
London,  Printed  by  T.  L.   for  Simon  Waterson  and  are  sold  at  the 
sign  of  the  Globe  in  PauTs  Church-yard,  and  by  Richard  Scot,  Book- 
seller in  Carlisle,  1656. 

PROPOSITIONS  Agreed  upom  by  the 

Associated  Ministers 

*  of  the 

Counties  of 

Cumberland  and  WAstmorland. 

1.  That  in  the  exercise  of  Discipline,  it  is  not  only  the  most  safe 
course,  but  also  most  conducing  to  brotherly  union  and  satisfaction. 
That  particular  Churches  carry  on  as  much  of  their  work  with  joynt 
and  mutual  assistajice,  as  they  can  with  conveniency  and  edification, 
and  as  little  as  may  be  in  their  actings,  to  stajid  distinctly  by 
themselves  and  apart  from  each  other. 

2.  That  in  matters  of  Church  Discipline,  those  things  which  belong 
onely  ad  melivs  esse,  ought  to  be  laid  aside,  both  in  respect  of 
publication  ajid  practice,  rather  then  that  the  Churches  peace  should 

.  be  hindered. 

1.  A  copy  is  in  the  Jackson  Library,   Carlisle,   and  another  in  the 
British  Museum. 


The   Association   Movement  91 

3.  That  where  different  principles  lead  to  the  same  practice, 
wee  may  joyn  together  in  that  practice,  reserving  to  each  of  us  our 
own  principles. 

4.  That  where  we  can  neither  agree  in  principle  nor  in  practice,  we 
are  to  bear  with  one  another's  differences  that  are  of  a  less  and 
desputable  nature,  without  making  them  a  ground  of  division  amongst 
us.  Yet  notwithstanding,  we  do  not  hereby  binde  up  our  selves  from 
endeavouring  to  inform  one  another  in  those  things  wherein  we  differ, 
so  that  it  be  done  with  a  spirit  of  love  and  meekness,  and  with 
resolutions  to  continue  our  brotherly  Amity  and  Association,  though 
in  those  particulars  our  differences  should  remain  uncomposed. 

Taking  these  four  general  principles  as  "  a  Basis  and 
Foundation  "  tliey  resolve  upon  a  number  of  particulars 
thus :  — 

1.  To  endeavour  the  discharge  of  our  duty  and  trust  herein,  un- 
reservedly, and  with  all  faithfulness,  to  the  utmost  of  our  power, 
though  hereby  we  hazard  reproach,  revilings,  contempts,  injuries, 
loss  of  friends,  and  maintenance,  or  what  so  ever  else  may  be  dear  to 
us. 

2.  To  observe  the  temper,  disposition,  and  capacity  of  the  gener- 
ality of  the  people,  and  to  suit  ourselves  not  onely  in  our  matter 
to  the  people's  conditions,  but  also  in  our  expressions  to  the  people's 
apprehensions,  that  so  our  sermons  may  be  plain,  peercing,  seasonable, 
and  profitable. 

3.  To  reprove  the  sins  that  most  abound  in  our  people,  to  convince 
men  of  their  carnal  security,  to  discover  the  rotten  and  deceitful 
props  on  which  it  is  built. 

4.  To  lay  out  ourselves  in  keeping  Lectures  (as  the  seasons  of  the 
year  will  permit)  wherein  we  will  more  especially  have  regard  to 
those  places  that  are  destitute  of  preaching. 

5.  To  Catechise  and  instruct  the  people  committed  to  us,  making 
use  of  the  Assemblies  larger  and  shorter  Catechism. 

6.  Besides  the  work  of  publike  preaching,  and  catechising,  to 
instruct  them  privately  from  house  to  house. 

7.  To  be  as  diligent  in  visiting  the  sick  and  afflicted,  as  other 
labours,  greatness  of  our  charge,  and  ability  to  go  abroad  will  suffer 
us ;  and  that  not  only  the  rich,  and  those  that  desire  us,  but  also  the 
poor  and  those  that  send  not  for  us. 

8.  In  our  Society,  as  well  as  in  dispencing  of  Ordinances,  to  put  a 
difference  between  the  precious  and  the  vile. 

9.  To  reprove  the  Sins  of  Sabbath  breaking.  Swearing,  Fornication 
and  Drunkenness  in  publike  and  private,  and  endeavour  to  bring 
such  Offenders  to  the  punishment  of  the  Law,  in  those  cases  provided. 


92  The   Ejected   of  1662 

10.  To  instruct  our  people  publikely,  Concerning  the  nature  of  the 
discipline  of  Christ  and  press  the  necessity  of  their  submission  to  it, 
according  to  the  Rule  of  Scripture. 

11.  Because  temptations  to  Apostacie  and  backslidings  from  the 
faith  are  strong  and  frequent  and  our  hearts  are  so  ready  to  start 
aside  from  the  Power  of  Discipline  to  require  from  our  people  an 
Assent  to  the  Truths  of  Christ  (contained  in  a  short  Confession  of 
Faith  hereunto  Annexed)  and  a  Profession  of  their  consent  to  submit 
unto,  and  accept  of  the  terms  of  the  Covenant  of  Grace,  and  to 
submit  to  Discipline  and  Government. 

Yet 

(1)  We  resolve  not  to  satisfie  our  selves  with  the  bare  recital  and 
repetition  of  the  words  of  the  Profession  &c.  but  to  make  the  people 
not  onely  profess  with  the  Understanding  but  (so  far  as  we  can) 
with  feeling  Apprehensions  of  what  they  speak. 

(2)  Neither  do  we  intend  strictly  to  bind  all  to  the  same  circum- 
stances of  professing  their  Consent,  but  (if  any  professing  and 
owning  the  substance)  shall  scruple  at  any  particular  circumstance, 
we  resolve  to  use  towards  such  all  possible  meekness  and  condiscention. 

12.  We  resolve  to  require  an  unblameable  Conversatiooi  in  all  those 
whom  we  shall  admit  to  the  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper. 

13.  In  judging  and  determining  of  peoples  present  fitness  for  that 
Sacrament,  we  resolve  to  set  before  us  these  following  Rules,  both  in 
point  of  Knowledge  and  Scandal  : — 

In  point  of  Knowledge. 

(1)  Resolve  not  to  admit  to  the  Sacraments  of  the  Supper  persons 
with  a  total  ignorance  of  the  Fundamentals  of  Religion. 

(2)  Not  to  reject  as  ignorant  any  that  have  a  Competent  Knowledge 
of  certain  heads  of  Devinity  specified. 

(3)  Must  not  expect  from  the  ordinary  sort  of  people  (who  through 
want  of  breeding,  and  other  natural  defects,  are  usually  unable  well 
to  express  their  minds)  a  distinct  or  continued  discourse  of  these 
things,  and  therefore  we  shall  be  satisfyed  if  we  can  but  perceive 
that  they  understand  the  substance. 

(4)  Must  take  care  not  to  make  a  Question  more  difficult  by  our 
dark  and  cloudy  Expressions ;  but  must  endeavor  to  propound  things 
in  the  plainest  terms  we  can. 

(5)  Though  we  may  propound  higher  and  more  difiicult  Questions 
for  discovery  of  and  provocation  to  growth  in  Knowledge ;  yet  wil 
always  (as  neer  as  we  can)  make  their  Knowlege  or  Ignorance  in 
the  points  mentioned,  the  rule  of  our  discerning  determination. 

(6)  In  case  any  give  not  that  satisfaction  we  desire,  we  will 
endeavour  to  discover  whether  it  be  from  unacquaintedness  with  the 
terms  and  words  of  the  Question,  from  bashfulness  or  shamefacedness, 
from  natural  impediments,  or  from  ignorance  of  the  thing  itself ;  and 


The   Association   Movement  93 

accordingly  we  will  propound  the  Question  in  other  words,  or  fetch  a 
compass  to  see  if  they  can  take  a  hint  from  something  introductory ; 
however  in  case  no  satisfactory  account  can  be  given,  we  wil  not  set 
the  parties  aside,  as  if  we  took  no  further  care,  but  shall  endeavour 
to  instruct  them  with  all  meekness  and  patience. 

(7)  Because  we  finde  by  experience,  that  many  people  speak  of  the 
Fundamentals  of  Religion  in  a  meer  form  of  words  by  roat,  without 
understanding  the  sense  and  meaning  thereof ;  in  propounding  our 
Questions  we  will  of  purpose  forbear  the  words  and  method  of 
ordinary  Catechisms. 

In  point    of    Scandal. 

(1)  Resolve  not  to  receive  any  (of  what  degree,  quality  or  relation 
so  ever)  to  this  Ordinance,  that  can  be  proved  to  be  scandalously 
sinful. 

(2)  We  resolve  in  matters  of  Scandal,  not  to  proceed  against  any 
according  to  our  private  satisfactions,  suspitions,  dis-satisfactions,  or 
rumours ;  but  according  to  outward,  visible,  and  full  proof  of  the 
matter  of  fact. 

(3)  Resolve  to  distinguish  betwixt  Sin  and  Sin;  wherein  that  we 
may  proceed  both  more  unanimously  and  safely,  we  shall  take  the 
Assemblies  direction  for  our  rule,  looking  upon  those  Sins  mentioned 
by  them  in  the  form  of  Church  Government  as  scandalous,  though  but 
once  committed  [Sins  quoted]. 

(4)  Much  tenderness  to  be  used  in  judging  of  less  sins  that  have 
more  than  ordinary  advantage  against  men  by  sudden  surprisal,  as 
Passion,  the  outbreaking  of  sins  formerly  customary  ordinary  failings, 
as  Debt,  &c. 

(5)  In  less  sins  resolve  to  have  regard  to  the  constant  tenure  of 
the  parties  life  and  carriage,  whether  ordinarily  otherwise  strict  or 
careless,  to  the  provocation,  &c. 

(6)  The  party  offending  upon  Reproof  manifesting  repentance  ought 
to  be  received  again. 

(7)  The  party  professing  repentance  returning  to  the  same  sin 
once  and  again;  or  to  any  other  scandalous  sin,  though  again 
professing  repentance  readmission  deferred  until  we  have  trial  of  his 
reformation  for  some  competent  time. 

(8)  That  brotherly  inspection  may  not  degenerate  into  an  unbrotherly 
prying  into,  and  discovering  of  other  men's  actions ;  and  generally  for 
the  avoiding  of  disorder,  and  other  inconveniences,  we  resolve  not  to 
encourage  any  private  Christian,  immediately  to  acquaint  the  Church 
with  the  private  failings  of  a  brother,  till  he  have  first  admonished 
him  privately,  and  (in  case  he  hearken  not)  before  witnesses,  and 
when  the  fruitlessness  of  these  endeavours  shall  necessitate  the 
publication  of  the  Fact,  yet  will  we  not  Countenance  the  bringing  of 


94  The   Ejected   of  1662 

the  matter  before  the  Congregation  until  the  Church  officers  be  first 
acquainted  with  it. 

(9)  Forasmuch  as  in  the  business  of  scandal  it  is  unreasonable  and 
uncharitable  to  rake  up  against  men  old  offences  of  any  considerable 
distance  from  the  time  present;  and  because  in  some  cases  it  will  be 
necessary  to  require  some  testimony  of  humiliation,  even  for  sins  of 
ancient  date ;  and  in  regard  we  cannot  punctually  determine  how  far 
back  into  the  time  past  we  may  look  for  laying  scandals  to  men's 
charges ;  therefore  we  resolve  to  proceed  warily  in  such  cases,  and 
not  to  do  anything  without  the  advice  of  the  Association. 

(10)  We  shall  do  the  like  in  those  sins  that  render  men  obnoxious 
to  the  Law,  either  in  regard  of  life,  liberty  or  estates,  as  also  ia  any 
other  case  not  foreseen,  or  provided  for,  in  the  foregoing  rules. 

14.  Agree  not  to  press  a  declaration  of  the  time  and  manner  of  the 
work  of  grace  upon  the  people,  as  a  necessary  proof  of  their  actual 
present  right  to  the  Lord's  Supper  nor  to  exclude  persons  merely  for 
want  of  that,  yet  will  we  accept  it,  if  freely  offered. 

15.  Agree  not  to  rest  satisfyed  with  bare  exclusion  of  an  obstinate 
scandalous  sinner  from  the  Sacrament  of  the  Supper,  but  to  prosecute 
the  rule  of  Christ.     Matt.,  18.  17. 

16.  Because  members  living  much  distant  from  their  Pastors,  and 
from  one  another,  must  unavoidably  be  (in  great  part)  deprived  of 
the  priviledge,  and  come  short  of  the  duty,  both  of  constant  inspection 
and  mutual  edefication ;  and  also  for  the  preventing  of  disorders  and 
offences,  both  in  Ministers  and  people,  we  agree.  That  we  will  not 
admit  into  any  of  our  churches,  those  that  live  in  other  Congregations, 
except.  They  have  no  Minister  at  all,  or  have  one  that  is  scandalous,  or 
one  that  hath  not  competent  abilities  for  the  work  of  the  Ministry. 

Yet 

(1)  In  case  afterwards  a  godly  able  Minister  be  established  where 
was  none,  or  such  as  were  scandalous  and  unfit ;  we  will  seriously 
advise  those  whom  in  the  cases  aforesaid  we  have  admitted,  to  joyn 
themselves  to  that  Minister. 

(2)  Resolve  to  consult  with  the  Association  concerning  the  justness 
or  un justness  of  exceptions  in  point  of  scandal,  or  enabilitie  of 
Ministers,  made  by  those  that  desire  to  be  entertained  in  other 
Congregations,  because  we  conceive  that  neither  the  people  that  desire 
to  depart  from  such  Ministers,  nor  the  Ministers  with  whom  they 
desire  to  joyne  are  competent  judges  in  such  an  interested  case;  yet 
if  the  Exceptions  be  such  as  are  approved  of  by  the  Association,  we 
conceive  it  fittest  for  the  Reasons  above  said,  that  they  joyne  them- 
selves to  the  neerest  Congregation,  where  a  godly  and  able  Minister  is 
setled. 

(3)  We  do  not  intend  hereby  to  debar  people  from  occasional  hearing 
of  other  Ministers  or  from  the  occasional  partaking  of  other  Ordin- 


The   Association   Movement  95 

ances  in  another  Congregation,  so  that  this  liberty  be  not  used  to  the 
apparent  prejudice  of  the  Ministry  and  Discipline  of  their  own 
Congregation. 

17.  When  a  INIinister  is  to  be  ordained  unto  a  Congregation  agree 
that  godly  and  able  Ministers  of  neighbor  Congregations  be  called  to 
be  employed  in  the  examination  and  trial  of  the  fitness  of  the  party 
to  be  set  apart  tc  that  weighty  Office,  and  in  the  Act  of  Ordination. 

18.  Though  we  differ  abcut  the  first  subject  of  the  power  of  the 
Keys,  yet  forasmuch  as  we  all  agree,  that  the  affairs  of  the  Church 
are  to  be  managed  by  the  officers  thereof,  therefore  we  conclude  that 
the  examination  and  determination  of  things  in  cases  of  admission  and 
rejections,  and  other  church  acts,  shall  be  permitted  by  the  Officers ; 
yet  so  that  the  people  have  notice  of  what  they  resolve  and  conclude 
upon,  in  matters  of  moment  that  in  case  any  thing  be  done  against 
which  the  people  may  (upon  probable  grounds  at  least)  object  from  the 
word  of  God,  it  may  either  be  forborne,  or  their  satisfaction  en- 
deavoured. 

19.  And  forasmuch  as  we  cannot  all  proceed  according  to  the 
ordinary  rules  in  managing  of  the  affairs  of  our  particular  Congrega- 
tions, through  the  want  of  fit  persons  to  be  made  church-officers,  and 
for  other  causes ;  therefore  we  resolve  by  our  mutual  assistance  to 
supply  the  want,  because  we  may  have  (according  to  Scripture 
warrant)  recourse  to  an  extraordinary  expedient,  the  ordinary  rule 
failing,  and  because  this  seems  to  us  to  come  neerest  the  ordinary 
rule. 

Yet 

(1)  Intend  not  this  to  be  perpetual,  but  only  during  the  present 
want,  and  in  order  to  the  setling  of  our  Churches  according  to  the 
rules  of  the  Gospel. 

(2)  Neither  intend  we  hereby,  to  put  into  any  Ministers  hand,  a 
superior  power  over  his  Brethren. 

(3)  Nor  would  we  be  understood  as  making  our  many  Churches  to 
be  but  one  particular  Church,  or  giving  the  Pastor  of  one  Church  a 
true  Pastoral!  power  and  charge  over  other  Churches. 

20.  Albeit  we  differ  as  to  the  power  of  associated  Churches  over 
particular  Congregations ;  yet  we  agree  that  it  is  not  only  lawful 
and  useful,  but  in  many  cases  necessary  that  several  churches  should 
hold  communion  and  correspondency  together ;  and  to  that  end  we 
resolve  to  associate  our  selves,  and  to  keep  frequent  meetings  for 
mutual  advice  and  help,  as  occasion  shall  require. 

21.  We  take  our  selves  and  our  churches  bound  to  follow  whatso- 
ever advice,  direction  or  reproof  (being  agreeable  to  the  word)  any  of 
us  shall  receive  from  the  Brethren  in  association  with  us. 

22.  And  in  case  it  should  so  fall  out,  that  our  brethren  in 
asBociatioin  should  advise  that  which  might  seem  less  convenient  in  the 


96  The   Ejected   of  1662 

judgement  of  the  Parties  immediately  and  specially  concerned,  in  the 
advice  or  reproof,  or  to  the  particular  apprehensions  of  any  other  of 
us  (it  being  of  less  moment,  and  not  apparently  contrary  to  Scripture) 
then  we  resolve  to  submit  to  it  rather  then  to  endanger  the  peace  of 
the  churches  and  to  become  examples  and  encouragers  of  disorder  by 
our  dissent  and  refusal. 

23.  Particularly,  Forasmuch  as  the  censure  of  excommunication  is 
of  great  weight  and  concernment,  wherein  we  are  sure  we  can  never 
be  too  circumspect  and  careful  therefore  we  resolve,  first  to  advise  with 
the  association,  before  we  proceed  by  that  sentence  to  cast  any  out  of 
our  particular  churches  :  and  whosoever  shall  thus  be  cast  out  of  one 
Church,  wee  wil  repute  him  equally  cast  out  of  all,  and  avoid 
communion  with  him  accordingly. 

24.  If  it  should  so  fall  out,  that  any  Minister  or  particular  church, 
should  obstinately  and  wilfully,  after  many  endeavours,  and  much 
waiting,  reject  the  direction  and  Counsel  of  the  association,  in  things 
apparently  agreeable  to  the  word  of  Grod,  then  we  resolve  to  draw 
the  right  hand  of  fellowship  from  such  Minister  or  church. 

25.  For  the  better  carrying  on  of  our  intended  association  we 
resolve  : — 

(1)  To  divide  ourselves  into  three  associations,  Carlisle,  Penrith 
and  Cockermouth,  meet  once  a  moneth,  more  or  less  as  occasion  shall 
require,  and  the  major  part  of  the  association  shall  think  fit;  yet  in 
this  we  do  not  intend  to  exclude  any  Minister  (not  being  scandalous) 
from  any  of  the  associations,  that  will  be  pleased  to  take  the  paijis  to 
be  present  there,  nor  yet  the  Ministers  of  other  Counties  that  shall 
desire  to  joyne  with  any  of  them. 

(2)  At  these  meetings  shall  hear  and  determine  things  of  common 
concernment,  endeavour  to  resolve  doubts,  compose  differences,  con- 
sider the  justness  &  weight  of  the  grounds  and  reasons  of  Ministers 
removal  from  any  place,  when  such  cases  shall  fall  out,  Counsell  and 
advise  above  special  emergencies  that  may  happen  to  our  Ministry 
or  Congregations  in  part. 

(3)  Kesolve  to  hear  impartially  complaints  made  against  any  Minister 
in  association  with  us. 

(4)  Eesolve  sometimes  to  meet  all  together,  especially  when  there 
shall  fall  out  any  thing  of  more  extraordinary  and  publike  nature  or 
difficulty,  which  cannot  be  easily  and  satisfactorily  decided  in  any  of 
our  particular  associations. 

(5)  If  any  that  shall  offer  to  joyne  with  us  in  our  associatioin,  lie 
under  the  common  repute  of  scandal,  then  we  will  deferr  his  admission 
till  he  have  cleared  himself,  or  otherwise  given  satisfaction ;  and  for 
the  prevention  of  offences,  we  resolve  not  to  admit  any  into  our 
associations  without  the  consent  of  the  whole  or  major  part  of  them. 


I 


The   Association   Movement  97 

(6)  Lastly,    we   will  endeavour   a  closure   of   affection,    as   well  as 
judgement  and  practise,  and  to  that  end  we  resolve,  wholly  to  lay 
aside,  and  bury  all  names  and  terms  of  difference,  to  carry  our  selves 
each  to  other  as  brethren,  forbearing  (as  much  as  we  can)  whatsoever 
might,  either  in  word  or  action,  occasion  mis-reports  and  offences,  or 
raise  up  grounds  of  iealousie  an4  exception  one  against  another. 
Omnibus  hisce 
Consentimus. 
The  Ministers  of  Westmerland  gave  their  Coaisent  in  these  words  : 
We  whose  Names  are  here  under-written,   do  subscribe  to  the  fore- 
m,entioned  Propositions,  except  what  concerns  the  County  of  Cumberland 
in  particular 

[Unfortunately  no  names  appear  in  printed  copies.] 

This  is  followed  by :  The  Confession  of  Faith,  and  then 
covaesihe^^Ex'plication  of  some  of  the  foTTner  Propositions," 
which  is  addressed  :  — 

TO   ALL 

That  profess  the  Name  of  the 
LOKD  JESUS 

IN   THE 

COUNTIES 

OF 

Cumberland,  and  Westmerland, 

BOTH 

Magistrates,  and  People. 

The  Explication  occupies  about  two  thirds  of  the 
document,  and  is  especially  interesting  because  it  throws 
light  upon  the  origin  of  the  movement,  the  difficulties 
which  had  to  be  confronted,  and  the  stages  by  which 
ultimate  success  was  achieved.  In  particular,  it  shows 
that  so  far  from  the  movement  being  due  to  the  "pressure" 
of  the  Quaker  incursion,  as  contended  by  Dr.  Wilson, 
that  was  the  very  thing  which  "  beat  "  the  men  off  from 
their  purpose  and  "  forced  them  to  lay  other  things  aside 
to  quench  those  flames."     Thus  they  write:  — 

We  who  have  engaged  our  selves  in  this  undertaking,  have  (we 
hope)  thoroughly  considered,  what  in  all  probability  it  may  cost  us, 
that  while  we  look  for  reproach  &  contradiction  which  yet  we  would 
not  willingly  finde,  our  opposers  may  find  that  undaunted  courage  in 
our  prosecution  of  this  work  which  they  would  not  readily  have 
looked  for. 

H 


98  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  great  distance  of  this  from  the  first  undertaking,  and  Report 
of  our  Agreement,  doth  necessarily  draw  forth  this  brief  Account  of 
its  Birth  and  Progress.  About  three  yeers  ago  some  of  us  joyned 
together  in  an  Expedient  much  of  this  nature,  which  we  propounded  to 
some  of  our  Brethren  of  different  perswasions  in  these  things,  but  it 
took  not;  whereupon  we  resolved  to  prosecute  it  among  our  selves, 
and  made  some  Progress  in  it :  At  which  time  Worcestershire  Asso- 
ciation, with  Mr.  Baxter's  Explication,  came  forth.  Upon  this  we 
began  to  conceive  more  probability  of  some  reconciliation  (at  least)  of 
different  judgements,  in  matters  of  Church  Government,  then  formerly, 
because  we  hoped  the  prejudice  which  possibly  might  arise  from  our 
single  attempt  (in  a  business  of  that  nature)  would  be  much  removed, 
when  they  saw  we  were  not  alone,  and  that  the  way  was  led  by 
others  of  so  much  worth  and  ability ;  we  therefore  resolved  to  take 
up  our  former  design  again  and  to  propound  it  to  the  whole  Ministry 
of  the  County  in  general.  To  that  end  several  Meetings  were  desired, 
and  at  last  we  agreed  in  these  following  Propositions,  which  were 
cheerfully  subscribed  by  several,  both  of  the  Presbyterian,  and 
Congregational  Judgement.  During  the  agitation  of  these  things,  some 
of  us  were  much  affected  to  observe  : 

1.  The  Assent  of  men  both  able  and  judicious,  and  such  as  had 
throughly  studyed  the  Congregational  way,  and  from  whom  (in 
probability)  opposition  might  have  been  expected,  in  case  these  things 
had  been  inconsistent  with  these   Principles. 

2.  That  Prejudice  (which  like  a  hateful  Monster,  empoysons  the 
best  things,  seeks  Fuel  from  its  own  ignorance  and  blindness,  and 
from  the  very  distance  which  it  self  caused,  like  a  Fiery  Oven  devours 
all  that's  cast  into  it,  and  musters  up  all  the  Passions  to  fight  against 
it  knows  not  what)  hath  the  greatest  hand  in  hindering  the  Unity 
and  Concord  of  Brethren. 

3.  That  the  best  way  to  cure  it,  is  friendly  and  brotherly  debates, 
especially  after  it  hath  tyred  it  self  with  its  own  Activity,  and 
evaporated  something  of  its  Fury. 

4.  That  the  Churches  Peace  (if  by  all  parties  seriously  laid  to 
heart)  is  a  very  forceable  medicine  to  infer  a  conclusion  to  Unity. 

Yet  all  was  not  done  when  we  had  proceeded  thus  far  :  Action  (the 
life  of  all)  was  yet  behinde ;  Satan  is  enraged  (and  surely  that  must 
needs  be  good  which  he  so  furiously  opposeth)  and  endeavours  to 
stifHe  it  in  the  birth  to  effect  which  he  desgorgeth  from  his  hateful 
stomack  a  swarm  of  Quakers ;  these  at  that  very  time,  wheoi  all  things 
were  ready  for  practice,  came  upon  us  like  a  furious  Torrent;  all  is 
on  fire  on  the  sudden,  many  are  unsetled,  the  foundations  shaken,  and 
some  apostatize ;  here  we  are  beaten  off,  and  are  forced  to  lay  other 
things  aside,  that  we  might  more   fully  binde  our  selves  to  quench 


The   Association   Movement  99 

these  flames.  After  a  while  this  storm  abates,  and  we  begin  to  think 
of  our  former  work. 

But  the  last  Parliament  was  then  sitting,  and  because  something 
of  that  nature  was  expected  from  them,  it  was  advised  we  should 
yet  a  little  forbear,  till  we  might  see  the  issue.  The  Parliament 
being  ended,  we  encountered  with  an  other  Demurrer  which  was  this  : 
The  providence  of  God  so  ordered  things,  that  many  Ministers  in  this 
County  were  unfixed,  supposed  they  should  be  necessitated  to  remove ; 
and  several  did  remove  to  other  Counties,  so  that  we  were  again 
forced  to  let  all  alone,  expecting  what  way  things  would  be  cast. 
And  now  all  these  things  being  over,  we  have  once  more  re-assumed 
our  ancient  Resolutions,  casting  our  selves  upon  the  Lord,  and  looking 
up  to  him  for  asistance  that  things  concerning  his  Honor  and  House, 
with  so  much  difficulty  now  brought  to  the  birth,  may  not  miscarry- 

When  these  were  now  ready  it  pleased  the  Lord  to  give  us  this 
encouragement;  Our  Brethren,  the  Ministers  of  our  neighbor- County 
of  W estmerland ,  desired  of  us  a  Copy  of  our  Propositions  and 
Confession ;  and  after  they  had  among  themselves  considered  and 
debated  them,  they  signified  to  us  their  free  consent  to  all,  except 
what  concerned  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  particular. 

It  will  not  be  requisite  to  speak  much  in  Explanation  or  Vindication 
of  what  we  propose ;  because  in  most  things  it  is  fully  done  to  our 
hands,  by  Judicious  and  Learned  Mr.  Baxter  in  his  Explication  of 
the  Worcestershire  Association,  unto  which  we  refer  you  for  satis- 
faccion,  whiles  we  give  a  brief  touch  upon  something  in  the  general. 

L  Know  that  several  things,  as  to  Method,  Phrase,  and  Omissions, 
(which  those  that  are  versed  in  the  Controversies  about  Government, 
will  readily  observe)  were  not  done  altogether  upon  neglect  or 
madvertency,  but  on  design. 

2.  That  these  were  not  calculated  for  every  Meridian;  we  were 
forced  to  have  an  eye  to  the  general  temper  of  our  people,  as  well 
as  the  differing  Judgements  of  one  another.  And  therefore  let  it  not 
be  blamed,  if  it  be  found  not  suitable  in  all  things  to  other  places. 

3.  Let  it  be  carryed  in  your  minde  all  along,  That  through  the 
contexture  of  the  whole  work,  our  Debates  were,  what  we  ought  to 
do  for  the  Churches  peace,  and  not  what  each  of  us  might  do, 
according  to  the  latitude  and  utmost  extent  of  the  usual  practice  of 
different  judgements. 

4.  In  all  this  Agreement  there  are  no  Principles  broken  on  either 
side;  and  nothing  condescended  unto  by  any,  which  hath  not  the 
subscription  and  assent  of  eminent  men  in  both  parties  in  their 
writings-  The  chief  Corner-Stones  of  this  Fabrick,  are  four,  which 
present  themselves  in  the  entrance,  whereof  the  first  and  last  Pro- 
positions neither  fear  opposition,  nor  require  explication ;  if  any  should 


loo  The   Ejected    of  1662 

question  them,  such  evidence  and  general  acception  doth  accompany 
them  that  they  will  finde  advocates  in  every  place. 

It  is  repeatedly  contended  in  this  Explication  that  no 
"  Presbyterian  principle  "  is  crossed  by  any  "  Proposition  " ; 
and  that  there  is  no  need  to  take  exception  "  against  the 
condescention  of  our  brethren  of  the  Congregational 
judgement "  in  relation  to  others ;  that  it  was  a  case  of 
running  up  "  severall  lines "  and  all  meeting  "  in  the 
same  point."  Whether  that  is  really  so  need  not  now  be 
considered,  the  important  point  is  that  it  was  an  "Agree- 
ment," in  the  production  of  which  each  party  had 
accommodated  itself  to  the  other  for  the  "  Churches 
peace."  The  "  Explication  "  ends  with  an  "  Exhortation 
to  all  that  love  the  Lord  Jesus  " ;  and  its  spirit  may  be 
gauged  from  the  following :  — 

Shall  the  Presbyterian  and  Congregational  Brethren  stand  at  a 
distance  still  ?  then  they  mutually  hinder  one  anothers  work,  and 
betwixt  them  endanger  the  interest  of  the  Gospel  :  Would  you  have 
either  of  them  to  drive  on  their  way  to  the  overthrow  of  the  other? 
that's  unchristian,  unbrotherly,  unmerciful  :  Is  there  hope  of  con- 
vincing each  other,  and  so  of  one  party  to  come  over  to  the  other? 
that's  not  to  be  expected.  Is  there  a  probability  of  union  of  affection 
while  the  difference  stands  as  wide  as  before  ?  Experience  teacheth 
the  contrary ;  alienation  of  affection  is  the  onely  issue  of  different 
judgement  and  practice.  What  other  thing  then  can  be  thought  of, 
besides  mutual  condescention  in  less  things?  And  if  both  parties 
would  but  stand  to  what  hath  been  written  on  either  side  and  improve 
their  mutual  concessions,  the  composure  of  the  difference  would  in  a 
great  part  be  effected.  And  as  for  the  remaining  differences,  if  they 
were  put  to  this  issue.  How  far  we  ought  to  yeeld  for  peace?  it  would 
(through  God's  blessing)  be  quickly  compleated. 

Time  did  more  for  ■  those  "  Unionists "  than  was 
anticipated ;  the  "  unexpected  "  happened ;  the  fusing 
process  already  begun  continued ;  the  one  party  did  pass 
over  to  the  other ;  in  point  of  fact,  the  Congregational  rod 
swallowed  up  the  Presbyterian. 

An  interesting  echo  of  the  past  appears  in  the  following, 
which  also  further  illustrates  the  spirit  of  the  men  who 
were  behind  this  movement :  — 

Some  (it  may  be)  think  an  utter  refusal  of  peace  with  the  Presby- 
terians is  but  a  just  requital  of  that  rigour  and  harshness  which  they 


The    Association   Movement  loi 

used  to  others  when  they  had  the  chair.  We  do  not  justifie  the 
failings  and  irregularities  of  any ;  all  parties  (we  think)  have  too 
much  cause  to  acknowledge  themselves  guilty  before  the  Lord,  and  to 
be  humbled  :  but  if  any  make  this  a  ground  of  distance,  let  him  call 
to  minde  that,  in  so  doing,  he  becomes  guilty  of  that  which  he 
condemns  in  them  :  Nay,  let  him  know,  that  whatever  were  the  • 
miscarriages  of  some  particular  men  at  that  time,  yet  the  Assembly 
were  even  then  no  less  desirous  of  concord  with  the  dissenting 
Brethren,  then  others  are  at  this  present :  They  that  will  read  the 
papers  of  Accommodation  annexed  to  the  Reasons  of  the  dissenting 
Brethren  may  sufficiently  satisfie  themselves  in  this. 

One  jarring  note  only  will  be  heard  in  the  document, 
and  it  is  near  the  end,  where  reference  is  made  to  the 
Quaker  movement.  Its  presence  there  is  of  the  highest 
significance;  it  shows  how  men  peacefully  disposed 
regarded  that  movement.  To  them  it  appeared  as  the 
swpreTnum  Tnalum.  The  Quaker  movement  sought  no 
quarter  at  their  hands ;  it  gave  them  none ;  and  they 
gave  none  to  it. 

As  for  the  quakers,  one  would  think  their  actions  and  principles 
would  make  a  man  that  had  any  of  common  reason  left  to  abominate 
and  abhor  them  :  Sure  we  are,  the  prevalency  of  that  madness  is  not 
from  any  strength  of  rational,  or  scriptural  satisfaction,  (we  have 
seen  many  strongly  and  passionately  possessed  with  that,  who  yet 
neither  understood  it,  nor  could  give  a  reason  for  it)  but  prove  an 
€V€pyia  TrX.avr]s  the  efftcacie  and  strength  of  deluswn,  through  divine 
judgement  upon  them  :  Shall  we  need  to  put  you  in  minde  of  that 
which  your  selves  know  so  well,  and  are  eye  and  ear  witnesses  of,  as 
well  as  we  ?  How  visible  is  the  devils  foot  in  the  beastly  nakedness 
of  men  and  women  in  our  Assemblies  :  In  what  a  strange  unchristian 
temper  of  railing,  reviling,  censuring,  and  lying  do  they  appear  in 
publike,  insomuch  that  a  Scold  with  a  stentorian  voice  is  the  fittest 
Antagonist  to  undertake  a  dispute  with  them.  What  gross  principles 
do  they  maintain  ?  as  of  setting  up  their  Conceits  and  Experiences, 
as  being  of  equal  authority  with  the  Scriptures;  and  that  the 
Scripture  bindes  not  them,  if  not  set  on  their  hearts  by  a  present 
impulse  :  Their  denying  interpretations  of  Scripture,  under  the  name 
of  Meanings  and  Additions  :  Their  following  the  Light  within  :  Their 
pleading  for  a  necessity  of  being  saved,  as  Adam  should  have  been, 
by  an  absolute  perfection  :  Their  grievous  conceits  concerning  Christ, 
to  the  subverting  of  the  Doctrine  of  his  Nature,  offices  and  satisfac- 
cion  :  Their  neglect  and  demise  of  the  observation  of  the  Lord's  Day 


I02  The   Ejected    of  1662 

and  Ordinances  as  Baptism,  and  the  Lord's  Supper  &c.  We  might 
tell  you  of  their  ridiculous  interpretation  of  Scripture  (interpretation 
of  Scripture  is  a  fault  in  other  men,  but  none  in  them)  of  their 
placing  their  religion  in  trivial  things,  as  Thou-ing,  and  keeping  on 
the  hat,  when  yet  the  weightier  matters  of  commumion  with  God  are 
neglected.  As  also  we  might  reckon  up  their  self-contradictions,  their 
ignorant  and  sottish  conceits  about  the  unlawfulness  of  using  words 
which  the  Scripture  useth  not  (as  Trinity,  Sacrament,  &c.)  or  habits 
which  the  Scripture  speaks  not  of,  when  yet  they  cannot  excuse 
themselves  from  what  they  condemn  in  others;  neither  is  it  to  be 
forgotten  that  when  they  have  stuffed  a  paper  as  full  of  lying  and 
nonsense  as  it  can  hold,  (and  we  have  many  of  them  in  our  hands) 
they  blush  not  to  father  all  upon  the  Spirit  of  God.  Consider  we 
pray  you  the  case  of  those  that  have  been  entangled,  and  yet  are 
pluck'd  out  as  a  brand  out  of  the  fire-  Consider  the  relation  of  John 
Gilping  well,  (you  see  what  pitiful  shifts  they  are  put  to,  when  they 
would  seem  to  say  something  in  answer  to  it)  observe  what  a 
favourable  aspect  all  their  opinions  have  to  Popery,  and  how  visibly 
those  poor  creatures  are  acted  by  the  Jesuits  as  by  the  relation  of 
the  man  of  Bristol,  and  others,  it  appears.  What  progress  in  grace, 
and  tnie  religious  walking  can  you  observe  in  them  since  their 
Apostasie?  Where  is  now  their  constant  Family  and  private  prayers? 
Where  is  that  conscientious  fear  (which  sometime  they  seemed  to 
have)  of  speaking  evill  of  what  they  know  not?  Lastly,  Doth  not  all 
that  they  say  against  us  (under  the  reviling  terms  Baals  Priests,  or 
Priests  of  the  World)  strike  also  against  all  those  Martyrs,  which  in 
Queen  Marie's  time,  and  before,  have  laid  down  their  lives  for  the 
Testimony  of  Jesus  ?  Oh !  then  beware,  if  you  love  your  own  souls  : 
what  is  there  here  that  can  be  called  Christian  ?  We  could  tell  you 
of  some  Christians  in  Cumberland,  that  have  thought  it  their  duty  to 
humble  themselves  solemnly  before  God  for  their  inclinations  this 
way  (when  the  error  first  appeared,  and  was  not  then  well  known) 
and  also  to  return  thanks  to  God  for  preserving  them  from  the 
infection ;  and  the  reasons  of  their  dislike  of  the  qvakers  (given  in 
writing)  were  most  of  these  that  we  have  hinted  to  you.  'Tis  good 
to  learn  the  danger  of  the  snare  from  other  men's  dear-bought 
experience.  Mark  therefore  them,  which  cause  divisions  and  offences, 
contrary  to  the  doctrine  which  yee  have  learned  and  avoid  them:  For 
they  that  are  such  serve  not  the  Lord  Jesus  but  their  own  belly, 
Eom.  16.  17.  We  shall  conclude  this  with  that  of  1  Tim.  6.  3.  4.  5. 
If  any  man  teach  otherwise,  and  consent  not  to  wholesome  words 
even  the  words  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  and  to  the  doctrine  which 
is  according  to  godliness,  he  is  proud,  knowing  nothing  <kc.  From 
such  withdraw  thyself. 


The   Association   Movement  103 

A  further  sentence  says  :  — 

These  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Westmerland  have  been  hitherto 
as  a  Proverb  and  a  by-word  in  respect  of  ignorance  and  prophaneness ; 
men  were  ready  to  say  of  them  as  the  Jews  of  Nazareth,  Can  any 
good  thing  come  out  of  them?  Let  us  now  labour  to  become  a 
blessing  and  a  praise,  that  people  may  say  concerning  us,  Behold  in 
the  Wilderness  waters  have  broken  out,  and  streams  in  the  Desert; 
the  'parched  ground  is  become  a  pole,  and  the  thirsty  land  springs  of 
water;  it  doth  re  Joyce  and  blossome  as  the  rose. 

This  document  thus  -epitomized  is  in  every  way 
remarkable.  It .  bears  upon  every  line  the  stamp  of 
the  highest  scholarship  and  Christian  statesmanship. 
Compromise  is  scarcely  the  word  to  use  in  relation 
to  it,  because  it  so  often  carries  with  it  sinister 
meanings;  while,  whatever  those  men  surrendered, 
and  possibly  they  surrendered  more  than  they  knew, 
it  was  for  them  a  sacred  offering  on  the  altar 
of  Christian  peace.  The  document  reveals  a  singular 
passion  for  the  success  of  the  Divine  Kingdom.  To 
secure  unity,  and  so  efficiency  in  the  Church,  that  it  might 
the  better  accomplish  its  mission,  was  the  inspiring 
motive  throughout.  What  also  impresses  the  reader  is 
the  entire  absence  of  any  authoritative  tone :  advice, 
counsel,  peace,  conciliation,  patience  and  forbearance,  are 
the  outstanding  and  dominant  words  in  it.  Yet  further, 
judged  by  this  document,  the  spirit  of  the  Association 
movement  was  manifestly  inclusive  and  not  exclusive. 
Dr.  Wilson  says :  "All  scandalous  persons,  such  as 
episcopalians,  papists,  and  quakers  were  rigidly  excluded 
from  the  Association  till  they  had  publicly  recanted  their 
errors."  There  is  not  the  slightest  warrant  for  any  such 
statement.  Papists  and  Quakers  were  obviously  inelig- 
ible; but  the  "scandalousness"  which  excluded  referred  to 
moral  and  spiritual  character,  and  not  to  denominational 
sentiment  and  creed.  There  is  not  a  sentence,  or  even  a 
word,  in  the  whole  document,  which  suggests  that  an 
"  Episcopalian  "  as  such  was  regarded  as  "  scandalous," 
and  so  debarred  fellowship  with  the  Association ;  but 
there  is  a  statement  to  the  effect  that  it  was  decided  to 


I04  The   Ejected   of  1662 

propound  the  design  in  the  "  whole  ministry  of  the 
County  in  general."  Episcopalians  are  nowhere  men- 
tioned by  name,  as  are  Presbyterians  and  Congregation- 
alists,  but  it  is  practically  certain  that  not  a  few  joined 
the  Association,  who,  if  any  thing  at  all,  were  Episcop- 
alian. 

It  will  further  illustrate  the  spirit  of  these  Associations 
if  we  consider  for  a  moment  the  Worcestershire  one. 
This  welcomed  Episcopalians  as  readily  as  representatives 
of  any  other  denomination.     Baxter  says:  — 

In  our  Association  in  this  County,  though  we  made  our  Terms 
large  enough  for  all,  Episcopal,  Presbyterians,  and  Independants, 
there  was  not  one  Presbyterian  joyned  with  us  that  I  know  of  (for 
I  knew  but  of  one  in  all  the  County  Mr.  Tho.  Hall)  nor  one 
Independant,  (though  two  or  three  honest  ones  said  nothing  against 
us)  nor  one  of  the  New  Prelatical  way  (Dr.  Hammond's)  but  three 
or  four  moderate  Conformists  that  were  for  the  old  Episcopacy ;  and 
all  the  rest  were  meer  Catholicks ;  Men  of  no  Faction,  nor  siding  with 
any  Party,  but  owning  that  which  was  good  in  all,  as  far  as  they 
could  discern  it;  and  upon  a  Cooicord  in  so  much,  laying  out  them- 
selves for  the  great  Ends  of  their  Ministry,  the  Peoples  Edification.' 

Again :  — 

The  Ministers  that  thus  associated  were  for  Number,  Parts  and 
Piety,  the  most  considerable  part  of  all  that  County,  and  some  out  of 
some  neighbouring  Counties  that  were  near  us.  There  was  not  that  I 
know  of,  one  thorough  Presbyterian  among  them,  because  there  was 
but  one  such  that  I  knew  of  in  all  the  County,  and  he  lived  somewhat 
remote :  Nor  did  any  Independant  subscribe,  save  one :  for  there 
were  (that  I  knew  of)  but  five  or  six  in  the  County,  and  two  of  the 
weightiest  of  them  approved  it  in  words,  and  the  rest  withdrew 
from  our  Debates,  and  gave  us  no  reason  against  anything  proposed. 
Those  that  did  not  come  near  us,  nor  concur  with  us,  were  all  the 
weaker  sort  of  Ministers,  whose  Sufficiency  or  Conversation  w£is 
questioned  by  others,  and  knew  they  were  of  little  esteem  among 
them,  and  were  neither  able  or  willing  to  exercise  any  Discipline  on 
their  Flocks  :  As  also  some  few  of  better  parts  of  the  Episcopal  way, 
who  never  came  near  us,  and  knew  not  of  our  Proposals,  or  resolved 
to  do  nothing  till  they  had  Episcopacy  restored;  or  such  whose 
Judgments  esteemed  such  Discipline  of  no  great  necessity  :  And  one 
or   two    very    worthy    Ministers,   who  approved    of    our    Agreement, 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.  97. 


The   Association   Movement  105 

subscribed  it  not,  because  they  had  a  People  so  very  Eefractory,  that 
they  knew  they  were  not  able  to  bring  them  to  submit  to  it.  i 

There  is  no  definite  information  as  to  the  extent  to 
which  Ministers  in  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  joined 
the  Association.  It  had  three  districts — Carlisle,  Penrith 
and  Cockermouth, — and  the  District  Meetings  appear  to 
have  been  monthly.  At  a  "  Generall  Meeting"  of  all  the 
Districts  held  at  Keswick  on  May  19th,  1658,  Dr.  Gilpin 
preached  a  Sermon  with  the  following  Title : 

THE  TEMPLE  REBUILT 
A  DISCOURSE 
on  Zachary  6.  13. 

Preached  at  a  General  Meeting  of  the  ASSOCIATED  MINISTERS 
of  the  County  of  Cumberland  at  Keswick   May  19. 

By  Richard  Gilpin,  Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Graistock  in  Cumberland. 

Not  by  Might,  nor  by  Power,  but  by  my  Spirit,  saith  the  Lord  of 
Hosts.     Zach.  4.  v.  6. 

London 
— by  E.  T.  for  Luke  Fawne  at  the  [Chu]rch-yard  and  are  to  be  sold 
at — Bookseller  in  Carlisle.^ 

On  the  inside  page  is  the  following :  — 

Wee,  the  Associated  Ministers  of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  do 
earnestly  desire  our  Reverend  Brother,  Mr.  Richard  Gilpin,  to  Print 
his  Acceptable  Sermon,  Preached  this  day  at  our  Generall  Meeting. 

Signed  by 
Ktswick  in   Cumberland  Timothy  Tullie, 

May  20.  1658.  Moderator  Pro  Temp. 

John  Iackson,  Scribe. 

The  Sermon  is  dedicated — 

To  my  Reverend,  Peaceable  and  dearly  Beloved  Brethren,  The 
Associated  Ministers  of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  and  is  from 

Your  unworthy  fellow-servant, 
Graistock  Aug.   2.  Richard  Gilpin. 

1658. 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.  148. 

2.  There  is  a  copy  in  the  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle.  The  front  page 
is  torn  a  little  at  each  comer,  and  some  of  the  later  pages  seem  to  be 
missing. 


io6  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  text  is  Zech,  vi.  13,  and  the  Sermon,  which  was 
preached  to  further  the  interests  of  the  Association, 
should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  "  Agreement." 
It  is  an  interesting  commentary  upon  it,  and,  while  it 
contains  a  strong  plea  for  peace  in  the  Church,  helps  to 
make  clear  the  purely  voluntary  character  of  the  Associa- 
tion to  whose  members  it  was  delivered.  In  the  dedication 
the  Preacher  says  :  — 

Among  the  many  favours  which  God  hath  bestowed  upon  us  and 
the  County  where  we  live;  this  is  none  of  the  least,  That  God  hath 
poured  upon  us  some  measure  of  his  Spirit  of  peace  and  hath  blessed 
us  thus  far  in  it ;  the  blessed  fruits  of  Concord  which  we  have  already 
tasted  (if  we  should  never  see  more)  together  with  the  sweetness  of 
the  testimony  of  Conscience  (thus  far  acquitting  us  from  the  guilt 
of  Church-Murther)  are  a  sufficient  recompence  for  all  the  trouble  it 
hath  given  us.  Great  are  the  advantages  that  we  and  our  people 
have  from  hence;  united  Counsels  promise  more  safety,  and  justly 
challenge  a  greater  respect  and  reverence  to  our  proceedings  :  our 
joint  concurrence  in  what  we  practice  puts  us  in  a  better  posture  of 
mutual  communication  of  gifts,  graces,  strength  and  assistance  (stones 
in  conjunction  as  in  an  arch,  will  support  one  another  and  bear  up 
the  weight  of  the  whole  Fabrick,  which,  being  divided  and  scattered, 
they  cannot  do)  besides,  it  may  do  much  to  cure  that  itch  after 
novelties,  that  intemperancy  of  roaving,  doubting  and  scepticism  in 
Christians  about  Government,  when  they  see  their  leaders  unanimous 
and  not  so  wedded  to  their  opinions  as  to  undo  the  Church  for 
Punctilios. 

The  "  Brethren  "  are  urged  to  keep  their  hands  to  the 
good  work,  and  reference  is  made  to  some  who  secretly 
malign,  and  whisper  against  the  "  peace,"  whose  further- 
ance the  Association  had  for  its  "design'.  "We  intend 
not,"  says  the  preacher,  "to  cut  off  the  liberty  of  particular 
Congregations." 

It  is  curious  to  note  that  no  attempt  appears  to  have 
been  made  to  introduce  Classical  Presbyterianism  into 
Cumberland,  though  in  closest  proximity  to  Scotland, 
where  it  was  all  powerful.  For  it  ought  to  be  made  quite 
clear  that  the  Association  just  named  was  not  a 
Presbyterian  movement.  Dr.  Drysdale  speaks  of  "  the 
Presbyterian  spirit  and  genius  of  these  Associations " ;  * 

1.  Drysdale,  p.  368. 


The   Association    Movement  107 

but  that  tells  rather  against  than  in  favour  of  their  real 
Presbyterian  character.  They  were  purely  voluntary 
Associations,  care  being  taken  to  make  it  perfectly  plain 
that  no  real  jurisdiction  could  be  exercised  over  any  one 
of  the  Associated  Churches.  It  was  the  appearance  of 
these  Associations,  which,  as  much  as  anything,  checked 
the  growth  of  Classical  Presbyterianism ;  to  their  spread 
must  be  attributed,  in  large  measure,  the  decay  of  the 
very  system  which  it  is  often  contended  they  helped  to 
conserve. 

The  Congregational  Magazine  for  1822,^  referring  to  this 
Association,  says :  — 

The  Baptist  brethren  appear  to  have  had  the  chief  management  of 
its  affairs  during  later  times  :  and  the  late  Rev.  Charles  Whitefield  of 
Hamsterly  is  said  to  "have  drawn  up  for  the  Baptist  Annual 
Register,  an  accurate  account  of  this  Association  from  the  year  1699, 
consisting  of  above  70  close  pages  in  4to."  See  Baptist  Annual 
Register,  Vol.  I,  p.  63,  1790.  In  the  year  1798  it  underwent  some 
alterations,  and  a  Society  was  formed  by  the  name  of  "  The  Northern 
Evangelical  Society  for  the  more  general  diffusion  of  the  Gospel  by 
itinerant  preaching,  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland,  Durham,  North- 
umberland and  Westmorland."  Id.  iii,  p.  425.  This  Society  having 
declined  another  was  established  in  1810,  which  has  been  since  known 
by  the  title  of  The  Congregational  Union  isi  Cumberland  and  West- 
morland. 

Only  very  remotely  indeed  can  any  historic  continuity 
be  found  between  the  Cumbrian  Congregational  Union  of 
the  19th  Century  and  the  Association  of  Commonwealth 
times ;  and  the  attempt  to  trace  these  connections  which 
are  more  poetic  and  sentimental  than  real,  is  apt  to  lead 
to  serious  historic  confusion.  It  is  almost  certain  that 
the  greater  part  of  these  Associations  died  after  the 
Restoration,  and  that  the  Unions  of  the  closing  years  of 
the  17th  Century  had  no  connection  with  them,  beyond 
the  fact  that  the  habit  of  associating,  which  those  earlier 
institutions  had  formed,  prepared  the  way  for  the  more 
permanent  Unions  of  later  times. 

The  sister  County  of  Westmorland  did  proceed  a  stage 

1.  P.,  714. 


io8  The    Ejected    of  1662 

farther  than  Cumberland  in  the  direction  of  Presby- 
terianism.  In  1645,  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Commons  was  authorized  to  send  a  letter  to  the  various 
County  Committees  of  Parliament,  to  ascertain  how  the 
respective  Counties  could  be  divided  for  Presbyterian 
purposes,  and  what  "  ministers  and  others  were  fitt  to 
be  of  each  Classis."  Westmorland  responded  early  in 
the  following  year,  suggesting  "  that  there  shalbe  one 
Classis  within  the  Barony  of  Kendall,"  and  another  "  for 
the  bottome  of  Westmerland  Division."  This  extremely 
interesting  and  curious  document,  containing  the  names 
of  both  Ministers  and  suggested  Elders,  is  still  in  exist- 
ence, and  the  following  is  a  copy  together  with  that  of  the 
letter  attached  to  it:^ — 

Honorable  Sr. 

Wee  received  yor  Honors  lettr  (dated  the  22d  of  September  last) 
the  3rd  of  ffebruary  last  Wherein  is  required  of  us,  with  advise  of 
Godly  Ministers  to  returne  to  yor  Honor  such  Ministers  and  Elders 
as  are  thought  fitt  for  the  Presbiteriall  way  of  Government,  (wch  wee 
much  desire  to  be  established)  and  the  Severall  Classes.  After  wee 
received  yor  Honrs  letter  to  that  purpose  (though  long  after  the  date) 
wee  speedily  had  a  meeting,  and  upon  due  consideration,  nominated 
the  Ministers  and  Elders  which  wee  thought  fittest  (as  yor  Honor 
may  Conceive  by  this  enclosed)  for  the  Presbyteriall  imploymint  as  is 
desired  and  have  devided  the  County  of  Westmerland  into  two 
Classes.  Since  the  expediting  of  this  yor  Honors  derection ;  wee 
have  heard  of  an  Ordinance  of  Parliamt  directing  to  the  Election 
of  such  Persons ;  But  as  yet  neither  Order  nor  Ordinance  hath  come 
unto  us.  Only  yor  Honors  Letter  is  or  [our]  Warrant  and  Instruction ; 
And  accordingly,  we  make  bould  to  send  (here  inclosed)  the  names 
both  of  Ministers  &  Elders  And  if  wee  faile  in  the  Parliaments 
method  in  this  perticular;  wee  shall  willingly  (upon  yor  Honrs 
next  direction)  rectify  any  mistake  for  the  present,  and  shalbe  willing 
to  Submitt  to  yor  Honors  and  Parliamentary  directions ;  which  wee 
shall  daily  expect  that  in  whatsoever  wee  have  missed,  wee  may 
amend  it. 

Thus  with  or  [our]  Service  recomended,  Wee  remaine 
Kendall  10th  Martij. 

1645/6.  Your  Honors  Servants. 

Ric.   Priscoe   Maior. 
Rich.  Brainthwaite.  Tho  :  Sleddall. 

Allan  Gilpin.  Ger.  Benson. 


"Westmorland    Certificate  109 

Thom  :  Sandes.  Rowland  Dawson. 

John  Archer.  Edmund   Guy. 

[Endorsed  on  the  outside] 
10  Martij  1645 

From  the  Maior  &  Comttee  at  Kendall  ffor  the  Hoble  Willm 

with  their  Classes  Lenthall  Esq   Speaker 

of  the  Comons  house 
of  Parliamt.* 

The  Classis  for  the  Division  of  the  Barony  of  Kendall,  in  the 
Countie  of  Westmerland. 

It  is  thought  Convent  by  us  of  the  Comittee  whose  names  are 
Subscribed  wth  ye  Advice  of  divrse  godly  ministrs  for  the 
Setlemt  of  the  Presbiterian  Govermt  that  there  shalbe  one  Classis 
wthin  the  Barony  of  Kendall. 

Mr.   Henry  Masy  mnr  of  Kendall. 

Elders. — Mr.   Nicholas    ffisher, 

Capt.  Roger  Bateman,  Mr.  Gervase  Benson,  Mr. 

Allan  Gilpin,  Mr.  John  Archer, 

Mr.  Thomas  Sandes,  William  Bateman,  William 

Sheepherd,  John  Rowlandson,  and 

Myles  Bateman,  junr. 

Mr.  Samuell  Cole,  mnr.  of  Heuersham. 

Elders. — James  Bellingham,  Esq.  Edward  Wilson,  gent. 

Edward    Brigges,    Myles    Greenwood, 

Willm  Moone,  William  Rawson,  and  Thomas  Benson. 

Mr.  William  Cole,  mnr  of  Kirkby  Lonsdale. 
Elders.— John  Midleton,  Esqr.   Mr.  Myles  Mann, 
Mathew  Atkinson,  John  Garnett, 
Wm.  Garnett,  Wm.  Ward,  and  Edward  Mansergh. 

Mr.  Johnson,  mnr  of  Burton,  one  whoe  hath  formerlie  Complyed  wth  ye 
enemie,  but  hath  since  taken  the  Covent,  and  the  oath  of  the  5th  of    Aprill. 
Elders. — Richard   Pendreth,  John   Cam,   William    Cartmell, 
Robt.  Claughton,  George  Jackson,  and  Richard  Wright. 

Mr.  Moone,  mnr..  of  Bethome,  a  verie  weake  and  unable  mnr. 

Elders.— Richard   Sill,  Roger  Sill,  Robt.    Button, 

Roger  Dickinson,  Rowland  Crosfeild,  &  Nicholas  Borwick. 

1.  Tanner  MSS.,  vol.  Ix,  fol.  532,  Bodl. 


no  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Mr.  Samuell  Harison,  mnr  of  Killington. 
Elders. — James   Madeson,   James  Aykerigg,  Anthony- 
Burrow,  and  Thomas  Priccott. 

Mr.  Richard  Archer,  mnr  of  Winderme,  lately  Come  from  the  Univsity 
at  Oxford.     A  Non  covenantr  and  disafiected. 
Elders. — George  Birkett,  John  CoUinson, 
George  Browne,  and  Adam  Birkett. 

Mr.  Henry  Wilson,  mnr  of  Gressmr,  a  notorious  maUgnt,  and  articled 

agt.  at  Parlt. 

Elders. — Mr.  Thomas  Brathwt,  Michaell  Benson. 

Edward  Knott,  and  Francis  Benson. 


The  Classis  for  the  bottome  of  Westmerland  Division 

Mr.  Thomas  Dodson,  Ministr  of  Ravenstondale. 

Elders — Mr.   Willm  ffothergill,  Anthony  ffothergill, 

Cuthbert  Hunter,  George  ffawcett,  Philip  Bousfell,  Ralph  Milner. 

Mr.  George  fEothergill,  vicar  of  Orton. 

Elders. — Mr.  Bryom  Berkbecke,  Mr.  George  Bindlass, 

John  Thornborrow,  Thomas  Vv  harton,  Robt.  Sharpe,  Edward  Berkbecke. 

Mr.  Joseph  Bousfell,  ministr  of  Crosby  Garratt. 
Elders. — Himiphrey  Bell,  James  Richardson, 
Thomas  Robinson,  James  Richardson. 

Vacancy  of  Kirkby   Stephen. 

Elders — Mr.  John  Covell,  Mr.  Robt.  Scaife,  John  Bracken, 

Christopher  Hindmer,  Peter  Wharton,  Rowland  Shaw. 

Mr.  Willm.  Richardson,  vicar  of  Brough,  a  non  covenantr,  &  disaffected. 
Elders. — Mr.  Thomas  Ewbanke,  John  Munkhouse, 
Robt.  Wardell,  George  ffothergill,  Rogr.  Nicholson. 

Mr.  Willm.  Curwen,  vicar  of  Crosby  Ravenswath. 
Elders. — Mr.  Miles  Berkbecke, 
Thomas  Robinson,  James  Salkeld. 

Dr.  Dawes,  Ministr  of  Barton  &  Parson  of  Asby,  a- pluralist,  &  Mr. 

Thomas  ffawcett,  curate,  of  Asby. 

Elders  for  Asby  par. — Allan  Bellingham,  Esq. 

Mr.  James  Bellingham,  James  Wilson,  Anthony  Parkin, 

Willm.  Richardson. 


"Westmorland   Certificate  1 1 1 

Mr.  Robt.  Simpson,  parson  of  Ormeside,    Vicar  of  Bongate,  a  non 

coventantr  &  a  pluralist. 

Elders  for  Ormeside  par — Willm.   Outhwaite,   Henry  ffawcett. 

Mr.  Thomas  [John]  Vaux,  Parson  of  Musgrave,  a  non  covenantr  & 

disaffected. 

Elders. — Thomas  Hall,  Thomas  Breake,  Richard  ffenton. 

Mr.  Edward  Mowson,  Vicar  of  Warcop  p  [arish]. 

Elders. — Johe  Scaife,  Bartholomew  Scaife,  John  Tompson. 

Mr.  Richard  Burton,  parson  of  Dufton,  a  pluralist. 
["  Elders  "  wanting]. — Mr.  John  Hewetson, 
Christopher   Elwood,   John   ffurnace,   Tho.    Walton. 

Mr.   Henry  Hutton,   parson  of  Long   Marton,   a  Non  covenantr  and 

disaffected. 

Elders. — Richard    Pearson,    John   Blamire,    Robt.    Richardson. 

Mr.  Lancelot  Lowther,  parson  of  Kirkbythuer,  a  Malignant  & 
pluralist  lately  come  from  ye  Kings  Quarters. 
Elders. — Heugh  Lawson,  Mr.  John  Hall. 

Mr.  Alexander  Bate,  ministr  of  Milburne. 

Elders — Sir  Richard  Sandford,  Kt.,  Mr.  Thomas  Harrison. 

Mr.  John  Moreland,  Minister  of  Nev«rbiggin,  a  non  covenantr. 
Elders. — Henry  Thompson,  Thomas  Gaskin. 

Mr.   Thomas  Robinson,  minister  of  Browham. 
Elders. — Thomas  Winter,  George  Birkbecke. 

Mr.  John  Winter,  minister  of  Clifton,  one  who  formly  complyed  wth 
the  Enemy,  but  since  taken  ye  Covent. 
Elders. — John  Wilkinson,  Thomas  Dawson. 

Mr.    Timothy    Tully,    Minister    of    Cliburne,    a    non    Covenantr    and 
disaffected,  but  hath  taken  ye  oath  of  ye  5th  of  Aprill. 
Elders. — Willm.  Cowp,  Stephen  Robinson,   Henry  Cliburne. 

Mr.   Willm.    Hall,  minister  of   Moreland,   formly  complyed   wth   the 

Enemie,  but  since  taken  the  Covenat. 

Elders.— Mr.  John  Moreland,  Mr.  Wilhn.  Bland, 

Mr.  John  ffallowfeild,  James  Webster,  Junior. 


112  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Mr.  John  Teasdall,  parson  of  Lowther. 
Elders. — Mr.  Christopher  Teasdale. 
Edward    Birbecke,    Robt.    Hudson. 

Doctr.  Dawes,  Minister  of  Barton,  ut  supra. 

Elders. — Willm.    Lancaster,    Willm.    Smith,  John   Harrison,    Thomas 

Browne. 

Mr.  Lancelot  Hutchinson,  minister  of  Askam,  hath  formly  complyed 
wth  the   Enemie,  but  since  taken  the   Covenant. 
Elders. — Thomas   CoUinson,   Edward  Lancaster, 
John  Strafford,   Henry  Winder. 

Mr.   Matthew   Wilkinson,   minister  of   Bampton. 
Elders. — Mr.  John  Bradely,  Thomas  Jackson,  Senr. 
Thomas  Jackson,  Jun.,  Thomas  Murthwait. 

Mr.  John  Dalton,  minister  of  Shap  p-CarishJ. 
Elders. — John  Barwicke,  John   Robinson. 
Thomas  Whinfell,  John  Langhome. 

Mr.  Robt.  Simpson,  Minister  of  Bongate,  a  non  covenantr&  a  pluralist. 

ut  supra. 

Elders. — Lancelot  Machell,  Esqr.,  Mr.  John  Lowson. 

Reginald  Leigh,  Anthony  Harrison. 

Mr.  Edward  Guy,  Minister  of  Appleby,  a  non  covenanfcr. 
Elders. — Mr.   Richard   Branthwaite,  Mr.  Edmond  Guy, 
Mr.  Thomas  Yaire,  Robt.  Nanson, 
John  Smith,  Jan.,  Willm.  Shepheard. 

[Endorsed] — Names   of   the   Classis   in   ye   Barony   of   Kendall   in  ye 
County  of  Westmrland.^ 

A  glance  at  the  ministerial  names  in  this  document, 
with  the  comments  appended  in  each  case,  will  show  how 
remote  was  the  chance  of  success  for  anything  in  the 
nature  of  real  Presbyterianism  in  Westmorland,  even  had 
it  been  adopted.  The  Masy  Letters  ^  are  even  more 
decisive  evidence  still.  The  writer,  who  possibly  had 
much  to  do  with  the  construction  of  the  scheme,  inces- 

1.  Tanner  MSS.,  vol.  Ix,  fols.  526-7. 

2.  Vide  p.  879. 


Conventicles  1 1 3 

santly  bewails  the  lack  of  some  such  Church  system,  and 
describes  the  district  as  "  rotten  "  because  there  was  so 
little  of  the  Presbyterian  sentiment  in  it.  The  plan, 
however,  never  was  adopted,  it  remained  a  purely  paper 
one;  the  simple  fact  is  that  in  this  area  organized 
Presbyterianism  never  obtained  footing. 

The  repressive  legislation,  to  which  the  Uniformity 
Act  was  a  kind  of  prelude,  did  not  put  an  end  to 
Nonconformity.  Meetings  were  held  in  secret  places, 
"  Conventicles,"  they  were  called ;  and  these  illicit 
gatherings  were  a  constant  source  of  trouble  and  anxiety 
to  the  authorities.  The  State  Papers  for  this  period 
throw  a  strong,  clear  light  upon  the  hysterical  condition 
of  the  time.  Rumours  of  plots  occasioned  by  the  gather- 
ings of  the  people  in  secret  places  played  havoc  with  the 
excited  imagination  of  the  authorities.  Sir  Philip 
Musgrave,  writing  to  Sir  Joseph  Williamson,  on  January 
loth,  1662-3,  says: — 

The  nonconformists  have  never  been  so  public  and  impudent  in  their 
meetings  since  they  had  a  king.  There  are  rumours  that  the  writer 
is  turned  out  as  governor  [of  Carlisle]  and  a  Papist  put  in  his  place. 
Sir  George  Fletcher  has  oflered  to  the  King  to  defend  the  place  at  a 
less  charge.' 

Writing  again  to  Williamson  from  his  home  at  Eden- 
hall,  on  October  26th,  1663,  he  says:  — 

Traced  the  plotters  in  Westmoreland,  on  October  12th,  to  their 
meeting  place.  They  said  Lord  Fairfax  would  lead  them,  with  a 
considerable  party  and  the  soldiers  sent  to  Portugal;  and  that  their 
friends  in  Scotland  and  Cumberland  were  in  arms.  Some  are  now  in 
Appleby  Gaol.  Capt.  Atkinson,  their  principal  man,  formerly  a 
pretended  intelligencer,  is  secured.  Hearing  of  the  stir  in  Yorkshire 
went,  although  ill,  to  Appleby,  to  take  examinations  and  view  the 
trained  bands.  Sir  Pat.  Curwen  has  behaved  very  handsomely ;  does 
not  draw  well  with  the  other  [deputy  lieutenants,]'.* 

The  following  is  from  the  pen  of  Sir  Daniel  Fleming 

1.  Cal.  S.  p.  Dom.,  1663-4,  p.  10. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  315.  \ 


114  ^li^   Ejected   of  1662 

of    E-ydal   Hall,    to    Sir    Joseph    Williamson,    and   it    is 
particularly  interesting  on  many  accounts  :  — 

Kendall,   Nov,    14,  '63. 
Sr. 

You  should  have  had  a  returne  long  ere  this  of  my  thankfuUness  for 
your  many  favours  at  my  last  beeing  in  Towne,  had  I  not  been  very 
loath  to  have  given  you  such  a  trouble  amongst  your  more  weigty 
affaires ;  Knowing  very  well,  yt  such  Trash  should  not  take  up  any 
of  your  time,  wch  is  alwayes  imployed  to  a  much  better  purpose ; 
And  since  I  have  hitherto  been  so  spareing,  I  hope  you'l  now  pardon 
ye  trouble  here  brought  you ;  ye  rather  since  its  omely  an  Act  of  my 
duty  to  give  you  some  Account  of  our  Actings  in  this  part  of  ye 
Countrey,  (beeing  a  stranger  unto  Sr  Henry  Bennet,  who  now  supplyes 
ye  place  of  our  Lord  Lieutenant  for  Westmerland)  yt  you  may 
comunicate  so  much  thereof,  as  you  shall  see  cause.  I  need  not  tell 
you,  yt  this  Country  is  divided  into  two  (almost)  equall  parts  (viz. 
Kendall  Barony  &  ye  Bottome  of  Westmerland)  &  yt  in  almost  all 
things  wee  act  severally,  being  divided  by  great  mountanes,  &  yt  in 
ye  former  there's  no  Deputy-Lieutenants  resident,  save  Mr.  Alan 
Bellingham  &  my  selfe,  nor  need  I  acquaint  you  with  ye  pticulars  of 
ye  Deputy  Lieutenants  proceeding  in  ye  Bottome  agt  Captaine  Atkinson 
&  ye  rest  of  ye  Plotters  there ;  since  I  am  confident  you  know  ye  same 
already  much  better  then  I  am  able  to  informe  you  :  But  as  to 
what  hath  been  acted  since  in  this  Countrey  I  shall  make  bold  to 
give  you  some  account,  ye  same  phaps  haveing  not  yet  arrived  at 
your  hand.  The  last  week  Mr.  Bellingham  &  I  received  an  intimation 
from  Sr  Philip  Musgrave,  that  Captaine  Atkinson  (who  not  long  since 
escaped  out  of  Appleby)  together  with  some  other  desperate  disaffected 
psons  (some  of  whom  Sr  Philip  presumed  to  live  here  in  ye  Barony) 
had  a  designe  for  another  riseing  shortly  &  to  release  all  ye  Plotters 
imprisoned  at  Appleby  before  ye  11th  instant  &  to  revenge  himself e 
upon  some  pticuler  gentlemen ;  whereupon  wee  forth  with  raised  all 
our  Train — hand-foot,  who  very  chearfully  &  well  appointed  mett 
us  at  Kendall  upon  Munday  last,  where  I  kept  them  upon  strict  duty 
for  three  dayes  till  I  heard  from  Sr  Philip  and  Sr  Geo.  Fletcher, 
yt  ye  designe  was  quashed  for  ye  present.  Mr.  Bellingham  and  I  then 
secured  about  twenty  psons,  who  had  been  Captaines  or  other  officers 
agt  his  Majesty,  ejected  Ministers,  leading  Quakers,  or  other  dis- 
affected &  suspicious  psons ;  all  whom  wee  dismissed  upon  Wednesday 
last  upon  good  Bond,  excepting  one  Captaine  French  (whom  wee  sent 
unto  Penrith  with  two  Troups  at  ye  instance  of  Sr  Philip)  and  one 
Wallis  an  ejected  Minister  whom  wee  (with  other  justices  of  ye 
Peace  sent  unto  Appleby,  there  to  bee  kept  prisoner  for  three  months, 
upon  a  Certificate   from   ye   Arch-Bishop   of   York  in   pursuance   of 


Captain   Atkinson  1 1 5 

ye  late  Act  of  Uniformity.  If  I  may  here  shoot  my  Bolt,  I  think 
wee  are  pretty  secure  from  any  danger  at  present,  since  wee  have  few 
active  psons  yt  are  disaffected  among  us ;  and  if  here  shall  happen 
any  Mischiefe,  I  dare  say  it  will  proceed  rather  from  ye  non-licensed 
Ministers  (which  if  ye  Ordinaries  will  but  certify,  will  bee  quickly 
made  fast)  of  whom  we  have  but  a  few ;  or  from  ye  Quakers  of  whom 
Wee  have  too  many,  this  part  of  ye  countrey  joyning  upon  yt  pt  of 
Lancashire  where  Geo.  Fox  &  most  of  his  Cubbs  are  &  have  been 
for  a  long  time  Kennel' d.  Tho  at  present  these  psons  are  not  much 
reguarded,  yet  I  am  confident  ye  first  reall  danger  wee  shall  bee 
in  will  bee  from  them;  for  they  are  psons  ye  most  numerous  of  any 
one  opinion  yt  are  here  agt  [against]  us;  of  ye  closest  correspondencies 
(keeping  constantly  their  meetings  weekly  within  eight  miles  one  of 
another  throughout  all  this  countrey,  if  not  england  also)  &  they 
are  such  yt  will  do  mischief  ye  most  resolutely  of  any,  if  Fox  or 
any  other  of  their  grand  Speakers  should  but  dictate  it  unto  them 
wch  sowA  of  ym  halfe  threaten  already.  Sr  Philip  yet  keepes  a 
guard  y.^on  ye  Prisoners  at  Appleby  to  prevent  all  danger,  some  of 
whom  I  heare  are  conveyed  unto  Carlile.  I  heare  from  my  Brother 
who  is  a  Captaine  in  Lancashire  under  Coll  :  Kirkby  yt  all  things 
are  quiet  there  onely  some  of  them  have  ye  same  thoughts  of  ye 
Quakers  there  as  we  have  here.  I  will  not  quite  weary  you  at  ye 
first,  but  have  some  mercy  of  you,  beeing 
Sr 

your  most  affectionate 
and  obliged  friend  & 
servant  Dan  :  Fleming. 

If  you  please  at  any  time  to  honour  mee  with  a  line,  direct  your 
Letter  to  bee  left  for  mee  at  Kendall  in  Westmerland.' 

There  can  be  little  doubt  that  some  of  this  is  very 
highly  coloured ;  and  that  many  of  the  so  called  plots  and 
intended  risings  were  pure  fictions.  It  was  the  oppor- 
tunity of  the  informer,  and  he  did  not  fail  to  use  it;  but 
it  serves  to  illustrate  the  excited  condition  of  the  time. 
Xor  were  all  these  rumours  baseless.  Sir  Philip 
Musgrave  and  Sir  Daniel  Fleming  were  particularly 
aggressive,  and  made  themselves  exceedingly  obnoxious 
to  those  whom  they  so  grievously  oppressed.  It  had 
been  strange,  therefore,  if  reprisals  had  not  been 
thought  of,  and  even  attempted.  Across  the  Tweed,  this 
kind  of  treatment  was  goading  the  Covenanters  into  open 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.,  Car.  II,  vol.  83,  No.   98. 


ii6  The   Ejected   of  1662 

rebellion,  and  Imman  nature  is  much  the  same  every- 
where. Captain  Robert  Atkinson  already  named,  was  no 
fictitious  person.  His  home  was  at  Mallerstang,  to  the 
south  of  Kirkby  Stephen,  among  the  wild  mountain 
scenery  which  is  still  rich  in  traditions  of  a  romantic  past. 
He  had  served  under  Cromwell  as  Captain  of  Horse,  and 
during  the  Commonwealth  had  been  most  active  against 
the  Royalists.  Immensely  popular  in  the  district,  he  had 
as  colleagues  in  his  aims  Captain  John  Waller  also  of 
Mallerstang,  Colonel  Richard  Richardson  of  Crosby 
Garrett,  Thomas  Fawcett  of  Ravenstonedale  and  Captain 
Cuthbert  Studholme  of  Carlisle,  formerly  a  Parliamentary 
Justice  of  the  Peace  in  that  city.^  The  object  of  Atkinson, 
and  those  who  were  in  league  with  him,  was  by  rising 
"  to  force  the  king  to  perform  his  promises  made  at  Breda, 
grant  liberty  of  Conscience  to  all  but  Romanists,  take 
away  excise,  chimney  money,  and  all  taxes  whatever,  and 
restore  a  Gospel  magistracy  and  mercy."  ^  The  meeting 
place  of  the  plotters  was  Kipper  or  Kaber  Rigg,  a  village 
about  two  and  a  half  miles  north  east  of  Kirkby  Stephen ; 
and,  as  previously  indicated,  the  rising  was  fixed  for 
October  12th,  1663.  It  was  alleged  to  be  part  of  a  great 
plan  affecting  a  considerable  portion  of  the  country;  but 
somehow  the  rising  did  not  take  place,  and  Captain 
Atkinson,  with  some  others,  was  captured  and  lodged  in 
Appleby  Gaol.  He  managed,  however,  to  escape,  but  he 
was  ultimately  recaptured,  and  is  "  next  heard  of  as  a 
prisoner  in  the  Tower.  There  he  was  examined  before 
the  Lord  Chancellor,  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  Hyde,  and 
Mr.  Secretary  Bennet  in  tlie  presence  of  Sir  Philip 
Musgrave  and  Sir  Thomas  Gower,  the  Sheriff  of  York- 
shire."^ 

Chancellor  Ferguson  says  that  Atkinson  "  appears  to 
have  confessed  somewhat,  lied  a  good  deal,  and  shuffled 
more,    so,    instead   of   the   pardon   he   expected,    he  was 

1.  Vide  pp.  187,  1365. 

2.  Hist,  of  West.,  by  Chancellor  Ferguson,  p.  221. 

3.  Ibid.,  p.  223. 


Indulgence   Licenses  1 1 7 

handed  over  to  Musgrave,  and  hung  either  at  Carlisle  or 
Durham  in  1664;  some  accounts  say  Appleby."  ^ 
In  the  Diary  of  the  Countess  of  Pembroke  is  the 
following :  — 

Aug.  20,  1664.  Robert  Atkinson,  one  of  my  tennants  in  Mallerstang, 
and  that  had  been  my  great  enemy,  was  condemned  to  be  hang'd, 
drawn,  and  quarter'd  as  a  traitor  to  the  King,  for  having  had  a  hand 
in  the  later  plott  and  Consperacy,  so  as  he  was  executed  accordingly 
the  first  day  of  the  month  following ;  and  the  24th  day  of  August 
they  went  away  from  hence  to  Kendal.  [These  were  the  two  Judges 
of  Assize.]  ^ 

In  1669  in  response  to  the  request  of  Sheldon,  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  Returns  of  Conventicles  from 
various  parts  of  the  country  were  furnished.  A  list  of 
those  relating  to  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  is  given 
in  Appendix  V.^  Obviously  the  "  Returns  "  are  too  meagre 
to  represent  the  full  strength  of  Nonconformity  in  the 
two  Counties;  but  they  are  interesting  as  showing  how 
various  areas  were  affected.  The  western  side  of  Cumber- 
land, in  the  neighbourhood  of  Cockermouth,  where  the 
influence  of  Benson  and  Larkham  would  be  felt;  the 
eastern  side  around  Kirkoswald,  where  Atkinson  had 
suffered  Ejection  and  Nicholson  and  Davis  laboured;  the 
northern  side,  in  and  around  Brampton,  where  Burnand 
had  been  outed,  were  the  infected  districts,  while  West- 
morland was  largely  occupied  by  Quakers. 

The  Declaration  of  Indulgence  was  welcomed  as  a 
breathing  time  here,  as  elsewhere.  A  list  of  the  Licenses 
secured  for  this  area  appears  in  Appendix  VII.*  For 
Cumberland  there  were  eight  Licenses  for  Teachers  and 
twenty  one  for  Householders ;  for  Westmorland  there  were 
only  two  for  Teachers  with  eight  for  Householders.  The 
Teachers'  Licenses  for  the  two  Counties  were  all  for  men 
who  had  been  displaced  in  consequence  of  the  Restoration ; 
and  what  strikes  us  is  the  paucity  of  such  Licenses.    Some 

1.  Hist,  of  West.,  p.  223. 

2.  Jackson's  Cumb.  and  West.  Papers  and  Pedigrees,  vol.  i,  p.  50. 

3.  Vide  p.  1329. 

4.  Vide  p.  1365. 


ii8  The   Ejected   of  1662 

of  those  who  had  been  ejected  doubtless  removed  to  other 
districts  and  took  out  Licenses  there;  indeed  we  know 
them  to  have  done  so.  George  Larkham  appears  to  have 
been  the  first  to  move  in  the  matter,  his  License  bearing 
date  May  8th,  1672,  barely  two  months  after  the  Indulg- 
ence had  been  made  public;  and  Gawin  Eaglesfield  was 
the  last,  his  License  being  dated  December  9th,  1672, 
about  two  months  before  the  Indulgence  was  withdrawn. 
The  withdrawal  of  this  Declaration,  and  the  subsequent 
cancelling  of  the  Licenses  which  had  been  issued,  was 
followed  by  a  renewal  of  persecution,  and  Presentments 
for  Nonconformity  in  Ecclesiastical  Courts  became 
common.  In  Appendix  YI.^  again  appears  a  list  of  persons 
so  presented  for  several  years,  copied  mainly  from  the 
Carlisle  Registry.  This  list  gives  a  much  better  idea  of 
the  strength  of  Nonconformity  than  the  Conventicle 
Returns  just  named;  and,  whilst  it  too  shows  that  certain 
areas  were  particularly  affected,  it  also  impresses  us  with 
the  fact  that  Nonconformity,  in  one  form  or  another,  had 
more  or  less  touched  the  whole  of  the  two  Counties. 

A  brief  account  of  the  Quaker  movement,  as  it  relates 
to  this  district,  will  fitly  conclude  this  Chapter.  George 
Fox,  its  great  Founder  and  Apostle,  was  a  native  of 
Leicestershire,  being  born  in  July,  1624,  at  Fenny 
Drayton  in  that  County.  His  father,  Christopher  by 
name,  "  righteous  Christer,"  as  the  neighbours  were 
accustomed  to  call  him,  was  by  "  profession  a  weaver,  an 
honest  man,"  and  his  mother  was  "  upright."  George  was 
piously  brought  up,  intended  by  his  relations  for  the 
Church,  but  ultimately  "  put  to  a  man  who  was  a  shoe 
maker  by  trade."  He  tells  about  having  frequent  inter- 
views with  "  the  priest  of  Drayton,  the  town  of  my  birth, 
whose  name  was  Nathaniel  Stevens."  "^  Probably,  there- 
fore. Fox  spent  his  early  days  amidst  Puritan  influences, 
though  he  says  of  Stevens,  "  this  priest  afterwards  became 

1.  Vide  p.  1330. 

2.  Fox's  Journal  (1765  Edition),  p.  3.  Nathaniel  Stevens  or  Stephens 
appears  in  Calamy's  list  of  Ejected  Ministers,  and  a  high  character  is 
given  to  him.     Vols,  ii,  p.  419 ;  iii,  577. 


The   Quaker   Movement  119 

my  great  persecutor."  As  a  child  he  was  quite  different 
from  others,  being  already  much  of  a  mystic.  "  In  my 
very  young  years,"  says  he,  "  I  had  a  gravity  and  stayed- 
ness  of  mind  and  spirit  not  usual  in  children " ;  and 
William  Penn,  his  most  distinguished  follower  and  friend, 
says  that  "  from  a  child  he  appeared  inward,  still,  and 
observing  beyond  his  Years  " ;  while  Fox  himself  speaks 
about  the  Lord  shewing  him,  when  only  eleven  years  of 
age,  the  things  which  in  after  life  constituted  his  Gospel. 
He  was  barely  in  his  twenties  when,  impressed  with  the 
coldness  and  formalism  which  had  overtaken  all  religion, 
and  disappointed  with  preachers  of  every  type,  he  set  out 
on  his  travels,  journeying  from  place  to  place  in  quest  of  a 
peace  which  for  a  while  he  could  not  find.  "  I  fasted 
much,"  says  he,  "  walked  abroad  in  solitary  places  many 
days,  and  often  took  my  bible,  and  sat  in  hollow  trees  and 
lonesome  places  till  night  came  on ;  and  frequently  in  the 
night  walked  mournfully  about  by  myself :  for  I  was  a 
man  of  sorrows  in  the  time  of  the  first  workings  of  the 
Lord  in  me."  ^  Peace  came,  however,  at  length;  and  he 
found  also  his  Mission. 

George  Fox  held  supremely  to  the  spiritual  character 
of  religion ;  and  what  moved  him  so  mightily,  and  made 
him  so  often  indignant,  was  the  sight  of  religion 
materialised,  as  he  believed,  by  those  in  whose  keeping 
it  was.  Hence  he  called  the  people,  who  were  in  the 
habit  of  attending  the  Churches,  "  professors " ;  the 
Churches  themselves  "  steeple  houses  " ;  and  the  Ministers 
"priests."  He  taught  also  a  kind  of  Perfectionism ;  that 
is,  the  full  conquest  of  sin,  because  the  doctrine  of  human 
depravity,  which  was  then  a  central  part  of  Christian 
Theology,  he  believed  to  be  used  as  an  excuse  for  continu- 
ance in  sin.  In  particular,  he  held  the  doctrine  of  the 
Inward  Light.  He  believed  that  God  speaks  direct  to 
every  man  through  His  Spirit;  and  this  doctrine  he 
emphasized  so  strongly  that  he  came  perilously  near  to 
destroying  the  authority  of  the  Bible. 

1.  Journal,   p.   6. 


I20  The   Ejected   of  1662 

He  began  his  Mission  about  1647  when  he  was  in  the 
early  twenties,  and  went  through  many  Counties  preach- 
ing and  teaching.  His  introduction  to  the  district  with 
which  we  are  concerned  was  due  to  a  visit  to  Lancashire 
in  1652.  "As  we  travelled,"  he  says,  "  we  came  near  a 
very  great  high  hill  called  Pendle  hill,  and  I  was  moved 
of  the  Lord  to  go  up  to  the  top  of  it;  which  I  did  with 
much  ado,  it  was  so  very  steep  and  high.  When  I  was 
come  to  the  top,  I  saw  the  sea  bordering  upon  Lancashire. 
From  the  top  of  this  hill  the  Lord  let  me  see  in  what 
places  he  had  a  great  people  to  be  gathered."  ^  It  is  a 
far  cry  from  Pendle  Hill  to  Wensleydale  and  Sedbergh, 
and  yet  it  would  appear  that  it  was  the  people  in  those 
dales  that  were  to  be  "  gathered."  This  is  made  clear 
by  what  happened  to  him  the  following  night.  "  Here," 
says  he,  "  the  Lord  opened  unto  me,  and  let  me  see  a 
great  people  in  white  raiment  by  a  river-side,  coming  to 
the  Lord.  The  place  that  I  saw  them  in  was  about 
Wentzerdale  [Wensleydale]  and  Sedbergh."  ^  Travelling 
by  way  of  Grisedale,  Dent  and  Sedbergh,  he  went  to 
Firbank  on  the  other  side  of  the  Lune,  about  five  miles 
from  Sedbergh,  and  first  touched  Westmorland  soil  there. 
It  was  in  the  early  part  of  1652  when  he  paid  this  first 
visit  to  Westmorland  and  his  account  of  the  day  is  worth 
inserting :  — 

The  next  first-day  I  came  to  Firbank  Chapel  i^  Westmorland,  where 
Francis  Howgill  and  John  Audland  had  been  preaching  in  the 
morning.  The  chapel  was  full  of  people,  so  that  many  could  not  get 
in.  Francis  said,  He  thought  I  looked  into  the  chapel,  and  his  spirit 
was  ready  to  fail,  the  Lord's  power  did  so  surprise  j  but  I  did  not 
look  in.  They  made  haste,  and  had  quickly  done,  and  they  and  some 
of  the  people  went  to  dinner  :  but  abundance  staid  till  they  came 
again.  John  Blakelin  and  others  came  to  me,  and  desired  me  not  to 
reprove  them  publickly;  for  they  were  not  parish  teachers,  but  pretty 
tender  men.  I  could  not  tell  them  whether  I  should  or  not,  though 
I  had  not  at  that  time  any  drawings  to  declare  publickly  against 
them ;  but  I  said,  They  must  leave  me  to  the  Lord's  movings.  While 
others  were  gone  to  dinner,  I  went  to  a  brook,  got  a  little  water,  and 

1.  Journal,  p.  66. 

2.  Ibid. 


The   Quaker   Movement  121 

then  came  and  sat  down  on  the  top  of  a  rock  hard  by  the  chapel. 
In  the  afternoon  the  people  gathered  about  me,  with  several  of  their 
preachers.  It  was  judged  there  were  above  a  thousand  people ;  to 
whom  I  declared  God's  everlasting  truth  and  word  of  life  freely  and 
largely  for  about  the  space  of  three  hours,  directing  all  to  the  Spirit 
of  God  in  themselves.  .  .  Many  old  people  went  into  the  chapel,  and 
looked  out  at  the  windows,  thinking  it  a  strange  thing  to  see  a  man 
preach  on  an  hill  or  mountain,  and  not  in  the  church,  as  they  called 
it.  .  .  .  Very  largely  was  I  opened  at  this  meeting ;  the  Lord's 
convincing  power  accompanied  my  ministry,  and  reached  home  to 
the  hearts  of  the  people ;  whereby  many  were  coaivinced,  and  all  the 
teachers  of  that  congregation  (who  were  many)  were  convinced  of 
God's'   everlasting  truth.  ^ 

Quite  recently  I  visited  'this  place,  the  gate  through 
which  the  Quaker  movement  entered  Westmorland  and 
thence  Cumberland.  It  is  an  impressive  spot,  away 
among  the  hills  with  not  a  house  near.  The  view  from  it 
is  magnificent,  commanding,  as  it  does,  some  of  the 
wildest  and  most  majestic  scenery  in  the  County.  The 
Chapel  has  entirely  gone,  but  it  would  not  be  difficult  to 
trace  the  foundations  and  it  must  have  been  quite  a 
miniature  structure,  A  strong  wall  surrounds  the 
enclosure,  and  a  few  crumbling  tombstones  together  with 
three  or  four  fir  trees  mark  the  place.  When  George  Fox 
visited  here  one  of  the  main  roads  of  the  district  ran  close 
by  the  Chapel,  but  to  day,  though  the  road  remains,  it  is 
untravelled  and  grass  grown.  On  each  side  of  the 
enclosure  is  a  rock,  either  of  which  would  serve  the 
purpose  to  which  it  was  put  by  George  Fox,  and  each  has 
its  advocates  for  the  honour.  From  Firbank,  Fox  went  to 
Preston  Patrick,  Underbarrow,  and  TJlverston,  where  he 
made  the  acquaintance  of  Judge  Fell's  wife  of  Swarth- 
moor,  whose  husband  he  became  on  the  death  of  the 
Judge.  Swarthmoor,  also,  became  the  chief  centre  of 
Quaker  influence,  and,  doubtless,  it  was  the  fact  that 
George  Fox  had  his  home  so  long  here  which  contributed 

1.  Journal,  pp.  68,  69.  In  "The  First  Publishers  of  Truth"  (p.  243) 
the  people  who  attended  Firbank  Chapel  are  described  as  "  a  seekeing 
and  religeous  people  ther  seprated  from  the  Comon  way  of  National! 
worshipe." 


122  The   Ejected   of   1662 

greatly  to  give  permanence  and  increase  to  the  movement. 
It  was  from  Swartlimoor  about  the  beginning  of  1653  that 
he  paid  his  first  visit  to  Cumberland,  selecting  the 
extreme  west  for  the  purpose.  "  Now  were  great 
threatenings  given  forth  in  Cumberland,"  says  he,  "  that 
if  ever  I  came  there,  they  would  take  away  my  life. 
"When  I  heard  it,  I  was  drawn  to  go  into  Cumberland; 
and  went  to  Miles  Wennington's  in  the  same  parish  from 
which  those  threatenings  came;  but  they  had  not  power 
to  touch  me."  ^  He  tells  about  going  into  "  the  steeple 
house  at  Bootle  " ;  thence  to  "  John  Wilkinson's  steeple 
house  near  Cockermouth,  a  preacher  in  great  repute  who 
had  three  parishes  under  him " ;  afterwards  to  "  the 
steeple  house  at  Cockermouth  where  priest  Larkhain 
lived " ;  to  "  another  great  steeple  house  of  John 
Wilkinson's  called  Brigham  " ;  then  to  "  Thomas  Bewley's 
near  Coldbeck " ;  and  thence  to  Carlisle  where  he  was 
imprisoned.  Gilsland,  Langlands,  Abbey  Holm,  Keswick, 
Kendal,  Strickland  Head,  Pardsey  Crag,  and  Wigton  were 
visited  by  him,  and,  in  each  case,  large  numbers  attended 
upon  his  preaching,  and  considerable  conversions  took 
place.  It  has  already  been  said  that  in  taking  exception 
to  Dr.  Wilson's  picture  of  the  Quaker  incursion  there  is 
no  thought  of  minimizing  its  wonderful  success.  There 
cannot  be  any  doubt  about  its  laying  hold  upon  the  two 
Counties ;  but  the  points  to  be  noted  are  that  it  was  not 
the  Puritan  preachers  alone  who  felt  this,  but  all  did; 
and  still  further,  that  the  Association  was  on  the  eve  of 
being  conceived  and  started  on  its  way  when  George  Fox 
first  set  his  foot  in  the  County. 

The  most  remarkable  phenomenon  connected  with  this 
movement  is  that  its  chief  Missionaries,  the  men  who, 
with  eloquent  speech  and  undying  enthusiasm,  went 
everywhere,  undeterred  by  hardship,  suffering,  imprison- 
ment, and  even  the  prospect  of  death,  preaching  this  new 
Evangel,  were  the  product  of  these  parts ;  largely,  indeed, 
Westmorland  men.      The  names  of  a  few  only  can  be 

1.  Journal,  p.  95. 


The   Quaker  Movement  123 

given.  Francis  Howgill  of  Todthorne  near  Grayrigg, 
one  of  the  Fil-bank  Chapel  preachers ;  Edward  Burrough, 
born  in  the  Barony  of  Kendal;  John  Audland, 
horn  near  Kendal,  another  of  the  Firbank  Chapel 
preachers;  John  Camm  of  Camsgil,  in  the  Barony  of 
Westmorland;  George  Whitehead  of  Orton  in  Westmor- 
land; Miles  Halhead  of  Mountjoy,  near  Underbarrow; 
John  Burnyeat  of  Crabtreebeck  in  the  parish  of  Lowes- 
water,  Cumberland ;  John  Banks  of  Brigham ;  Christopher 
Story  of  Righead,  in  the  parish  of  Kirklinton ;  John 
Boustead  of  Aglionby,  near  Carlisle;  James  Dickenson 
of  Lowmoor  House  in  the  parish  of  Dean ;  Samuel  Bownas 
of  Great  Strickland  in  Westmorland,  are  names  written 
large  in  the  history  of  the  Quaker  movement;  and  to 
their  labours  in  various  parts  of  the  country  the  movement 
owes  much  of  the  success  that  attended  it  during  the  17th 
Century. 

That  the  Quakers  aroused  persecution  goes  without 
saying;  indeed  of  all  the  religious  bodies  in  this  country 
none  have  suffered  more  for  their  principles.  Some 
evidence  of  this  has  already  been  given  in  the  extracts 
from  the  Calendars  of  State  Papers,  and  the  following 
will  serve  to  further  illustrate  the  point :  — 

Aug.  24th,  1663.  Sir  Phil.  Musgrave  to  Williamson.  Those  in 
authority  can  hardly  bear  the  insolence  of  the  Quakers,  who  meet 
200  or  more  every  week ;  they  keep  copies  of  proceedings  against 
them  by  justices  of  peace,  to  be  r^ady  against  a  time  when  they  shall 
call  the  justices  to  account ;  stricter  course  should  be  taken  with  them 
and  a  few  horse  kept  in  constant  pay  at  Carlisle.' 

Nov.  9th,  1663.  Appleby.  Chr.  Musgrave  to  [Williamson].  Capt. 
Atkinson,  who  escaped  from  Appleby  Groal,  is  trying  to  raise  a  party 
to  attack  the  gaol  and  liberate  the  other  prisoners.  A  servant  of  an 
eminent  Quaker,  taken  near  Berwick,  had  suspicious  papers  on  him. 
Corporal  Watson,  now  in  custody,  has  discovered  that  there  were 
Quakers  in  the  late  conspiracy.  The  gaol  is  full  and  weak ;  this 
should  be  considered.* 

Nov.  23rd,  1663.  Appleby.  Sir  Philip  Musgrave  to  Williamson. 
The  prisoners  begin,  to  impeach  each   other.     The  King  owes  much 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  fdr  1663-4,  p.  251. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  332. 


124  The   Ejected   of  1662 

to  Rich.  Braithwaite  for  discovery  of  this  dark  design.  The  Quakers 
have  had  a  deep  hand  in  the  plot ;  the  names  of  those  impeached  must 
not  be  made  public,  as  some  are  not  yet  in  custody,  but  a  proclamation 
against  those  who  are  fled  would  do  goodi 

January  7th,  1664.  Penrith.  Dan.  Fleming  to  Williamson. 
Thanks  for  his  promise  of  a  News-book  weekly.  The  gentry  there 
have  been  together  all  Christmas,  at  the  wedding  of  his  cousin 
Dalston's  eldest  son,  of  Acornbank.  Those  counties  are  quiet  except 
for  frequent  meetings  of  Quakers,  many  of  whom  are  bound  over  to 
the  sessions.  Hearing  of  an  intended  meeting  in  Lancashire,  seait  his 
two  brothers  thither,  who  took  50  of  them,  and  has  sent  the  most 
considerable  to  Lancaster,  to  be  presented  next  Sessions.  2 

January  16th,  1664.  Kendal.  D.  Fleming  to  Williamson.  Pro- 
ceeded smartly  at  Lancaster  assizes  against  the  Quakers ;  Committed 
George  Fox  and  half  a  score  more  to  close  gaol  for  refusing  the  Oath 
of  Allegiance,  and  fined  60  on  the  new  Act,  although  Mrs.  Fell 
(Oliver's  judge  Fell's  w^idow),  did  her  utmost  to  prevent  it.  The 
■  fines  are  to  be  levied,  or  they  carried  to  the  House  of  Correction. 
At  Appleby  many  are  fined.  This  will  soon  stop  their  meetings,  &c. 
unless  they  obtain  favour  at  Whitehall,  which  would  much  encourage 
them.  It  is  thought  that  Capt.  Atkinson,  who  is  reported  to  have 
given  himself  in  prisoner,  will  discover  more  of  the  York  traitors' 
design.  3 

May  12th,  1664.  Rydal.  Dan.  Fleming  to  Williamson.  The 
Westmorland  Quakers  are  so  obstinate  that  Sir  John  Lowther  has  had 
16  indicted  at  the  Quarter  Sessions  at  Appleby,  and  the  Justices  have 
requested  the  Parliament  men  to  press  remedies  for  prevention  of 
danger  from  fanatics.  Col.  Sawrey,  Major  Crisp,  and  Mr.  Gosling 
are  bound  over  to  good  behaviom*  to  keep  from  Conventicles  and  to 
appear  when  required.  Has  examined  Grcorge  Dixon  of  Troutbeck, 
about  a  letter  said  to  be  written  by  him,,  but  thinks  the  accusation 
untrue.  Has  committed  George  Walker  and  Rob.  Wharton  for  a 
share  in  the  late  plot,  but  they  are  obstinate  and  will  not  confess ; 
will  send  them  to  Appleby,  the  gaoler  at  Kendal  being  himself  a 
fanatic.  4 

These  excerpts  might  be  considerably  multiplied,  but 
they  are  sufficient  to  show  that  the  fiercest  anger  of  the 
authorities  was  directed  against  the  Quakers.     Sir  Daniel 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1663-4,  p.  346. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  433. 

3.  Ihid.,  p.  445. 

4.  Ibid.,  Vol.  xcviii. 


The   Quaker   Movement  125 

Fleming  was  especially  aggressive;  he  appears  in  parti- 
cular to  have  kept  a  sharp  eye  upon  Swarthmoor,  where, 
as  he  says,  George  Fox  and  his  "  Cubbs  were  kennel'd." 
Whether  there  is  any  truth  in  the  charge  that  the  Quakers 
were  involved  in  the  rumoured  plots  and  risings,  of 
which  the  times  produced  such  a  plentiful  crop,  is  not 
certain.  Probably  some  of  the  reports  were  fictions,  and 
others  grossly  exaggerated ;  but  it  is  diflScult  to  account 
for  them  all  except  on  the  ground  of  complicity  on  the 
part  of  some.  "Apparently,  at  the  time  of  the  plot,"  says 
Chancellor  Ferguson,  "  the  local  justices  included  under 
the  name  of  '  Quaker '  every  dissentient  from  their  own 
religion  except  Papists.  Westmorland  was  also  full  of 
Quakers  who  had  been  disowned  by,  or  who  had  seceded 
from,  the  Society  of  Friends,  for  in  those  days  of  religious 
excitement  men  roamed  rapidly  from  one  form  of  religion 
to  another."  ^  It  is  not,  however,  necessary  to  resort  even 
to  such  an  explanation.  There  must  have  been  some 
bearing  this  name,  men  made  wild  and  reckless  by  cease- 
less persecution,  whose  thoughts  turned  for  a  remedy  in 
those  directions ;  and  a  few  such  would  be  quite  sufficient 
in  the  popular  judgment,  especially  in  the  excited  state 
of  the  times,  to  involve  the  whole  in  suspicion.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  committals  in  1653,  the  year  that 
George  Fox  was  itinerating  in  the  two  Counties :  — 

CXTMBERLANB  : 

George  Fox  committed  Aug.,   1653,  for  saying  he  was  the  Son  of 
God  and  other  words,  which  they  say  are  blasphemy,  and  yet  on  one 
particular  within  the  Act. 
Westmerland. 

Jo.    Morland    committed   by    the    Judge    of  Assize    at    Apleby   in 
August  last  for  refusing  to  be  sworn  on  a  Jury  and   fined   51. 

Miles  Halhead  :  committed  14  Aug.  1653  for  speaking  in  the  Steeple 
house  after  the  Priest  had   done. 

Margaret  Gilpin  committed  the  same  day  for  speaking  in  the  Steeple 
house  before  the  Priest  had  done. 

Thos.   Casley  committed  the  21  of  Aug.   1653  for  speaking  in  the 
Steeple  house  when  the  Priest  had  done. 

1.  Hist  of   West.,   p.    223. 


126 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Henry  Ward  committed  the  28  of  Aug.  1653  for  speaking  in  the 
Steeple  house  after  all  was  ended. 

Chrestof.  Atkinson  committed  4  Sept.  1653  for  speaking  in  the 
Steeple  house  after  the  Priest  had  ended  his  prayer. 

John  Aray  committed  the  same  day  for  going  with  him  and  saying 
nothing. 

Francis  Howgill  committed  4  of  Sept.  1653,  for  speaking  in  the 
Steeple  house  after  all  was  ended. 

Mary  Cdllinson  28  Aug.  1653  for  saying  (while  the  Freest  was 
speaking)  Tremble  before  the  Lord. 

11  September  1653. 

Margaret  Smith  committed   for  speaking  to  the   Priest. 
Robert  Newby  for  speaking  to  the  Mayor. 
Dorothy  Waugh  for  speaking  to  the  Priest. 
Agnes  Wilkinson  for  speaking  to  the  Mayor. 
Mary  Dodding  for  speaking  to  the  Priest. 
Edmond  AlUngton  for  speaking  to  the  Preist. 

A  maid  in  Lancashire  whose  name  I  know  not  committed  for 
speaking  to  a  preest. 


Thomas  Holm  28  August  1653 
Alice  Wilson  1  September  1653 
Margaret  Newby  1  Septem.  1653 
Jane  Waugh  4  September  1653 
Mary  Howgill  4  September  1653 
Agnes  Wilson  3  September  1653 
Dorothy  Waugh  6  September  1653 
Mabel  Warriner  6  September  1653 
Anne  Thompson  4  September  1653 
Eliza  Levens  4  September  1653 
Eliza  Bateman  4  September  1653. 


.A.11  these  persons  being  moved  to 
go  to  a  Justice  of  Peace  in  Kendal 
to  speak  to  him  against  his  perse- 
cution and  Tyranny  and  to  warn 
him  of  the  evil  to  come  were  by 
him  committed  to  Prison.  The 
words  spoken  by  them  severally 
to  him  as  also  the  substance  of 
what  the  others  spoke  in  the 
Steeple  houses  might  have  been 
set  down,  but  this  is  not  in- 
tended as  an  accusatio«n  of  any, 
nor  to  shew  forth  their  ignorance 
or  weaknesses.     ' 


Many  of  the  Parish  Registers  furnish  evidence  of  a 
similar  character,  containing  "  Presentments  "  of  Quakers 
for  offences  of  one  sort  or  another,  and  the  literature  of 
the  time  witnesses  to  the  intensity  of  the  feeling  which 
the  movement  had  excited. 


1.  Quakers'   Persecution  in   Northern   England  by  Anthony  Pearson, 
October   3,    1653,   pp.    4,   5.     Copy  in   British   Museum. 


The   Quaker  Movement  127 

Those  were  not  days  of  smooth  speech  and  elegant 
diction.  The  lampooner,  the  rhymster,  and  the  satirist 
were  common.  If  the  pen  was  virile  it  was  often 
vitriolic ;  and  nowhere  did  this  obtain  so  much  as  in  the 
domain  of  religion.  In  an  account  of  Henry  Winder's 
case  by  Samuel  Audland,  the  author  styles  his  pamphlet : 
"  The  Spirit  of  Quakerism  Cloven-footed,"  and  ends  by 
saying  that  he  expects  a  rejoinder  under  some  such  title 
as  this :  "  Truth  once  more  Victorious,  or  Zion  Rearing 
up  her  Glorious  Head  again.  Wherein  S.  A.,  Henry 
Winder  and  all  his  Friends,  are  sent  to  the  Bottomless- 
Pit."  1  William  Browns  word,  also,  of  Kendal,  was  a 
vigorous  Anti-Quaker  writer,  and  very  early  in  his  career 
he  published :  — "  The  Quaker  Jesuite  or  Popery  in 
Quakerisme;  Being  a  clear  Discovery  (1)  That  their 
Doctrines  with  their  Proofs  and  Arguments  are  fetcht 
out  of  the  Council  of  Trent,  Bellarmine  and  others. 
(2)  That  their  Practices  are  fetcht  out  of  the  Rules  and 
Practices  of  Popish  Monks.  With  a  serious  admonition 
to  the  Quakers,  to  consider  their  ways  and  return  from 
whence  they  are  fallen,"  Francis  Higginson  of  Kirkby 
Stephen,  is  said  to  have  written  "  the  first  Book  that  ever 
was  written  against  that  sink  of  Blasphemies  Entituled — 
The  Irreligion  of  Northern  Quakers."  Another  pamphlet 
of  local  interest  is :  "  The  Quakers  Shaken ;  or  a  Fire- 
brand snach'd  out  of  the  Fire.  Being  A  brief  e  Relation  of 
God's  Wonderfull  Mercie  extended  to  John  Gilpin  of 
Kendale  in  Westmoreland  and  Who,  as  will  appeare  by 
the  Sequel  was  not  only  deluded,  but  possessed  by  the 
Devil."  This  pamphlet  printed  July  4th,  1653,  as  the 
title  indicates,  gives  an  account  of  John  Gilpin's  enfran- 
chisment  from  the  bonds  of  Quakerism ;  and  the  truth  of 
the  narrative  is  attested  as  follows  :  — 

I  believe  this  Relation  to  be  true  Edward  Turner  Mayor  of  Kendale. 

By  what  I  have  heard  of  the  carriage  of  John  Gilpin  and  his 
actings  I  do  beleeve  this  Relation  to  be  true — John  Archer. 

I  saw  him  when  he  went  through  the  Towne  declaring  himselfe  the 
way,  truth  and  life,  Ja  :  Cocke. 

1.  A  copy  of  this  rare  and  interesting  book  is  in  my  possession. 


128  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Wee  believe  this  Eelation  to  be  true 

J.  [Thomas]  Walker  Pastor  of  Kendale. 

J.   Myriell  Master  of  the  Free  schoole  there. 

Rich.  Prissoe. 

The.  Sandes. 

Allan  Gilpin. 

John  Washington. 

Rob.  Fisher.^ 

Tlie  Quakers  themselves  were  responsible  for  much  of 
this.  It  was  not  merely  that  they  indulged  in  certain 
harmless  eccentricities;  such  as  refusing  to  uncover  in 
Church,  to  adopt  the  customary  forms  of  speech;  and  to 
take  the  usual  oaths  in  Courts  of  Law,  though  these  things 
counted  for  much  in  that  age,  but  that  they  outraged  the 
common  decencies  of  life.  Their  practice  of  going 
through  the  streets  naked  as  a  "sign"  was  an  unpardon- 
able exaggeration;  while  the  way  in  which  they  disturbed 
public  worship,  and  flung  insulting  language  at  both 
preachers  and  congregation  was  bound  to  excite  deep  and 
bitter  feeling.  It  was  by  no  means  in  every  case  that 
persons  received  their  committals  "  for  speaking  in  the 
Steeple  House  after  all  was  ended  " ;  or  as  another,  almost 
humorously,  remarks  for  "  going  to  the  Steeple  House  and 
doing  nothing  " ;  it  was  much  more  frequently  quite  the 
reverse.  George  Fox  himself  set  a  bad  example  in  this 
respect.  His  language  about  "  Priest  Lampit,"  the 
Ulverston  Minister,  whose  spirit  he  describes  as  "  foul," 
and  whom  he  did  not  spare  even  at  death,  declaring  him 
to  be  "an  old  deceiver,  and  perverter  of  the  right  way  of 
the  Lord,  and  a  persecutor  .  .  an  old  false  prophet,"  ^ 
did  not  err  on  the  side  of  Christian  charity.  The  only 
excuse  for  all  this  lies  in  the  fact  that  in  their  wildest 
deeds,  and  most  senseless  vagaries,  they  acted  from  highest 
motives.  It  was  the  "  voice  within "  which  indicated 
the  way  of  duty,  loyalty  to  conscience,  an  unenlightened 
conscience  possibly,  which  constrained  people,  otherwise 
so  orderly  and  quiet,  to  act  in  such  fantastic  and  objection- 
able fashion;    and  if  it  brought  upon  them  suffering,  it 

1.  Copy  of  pamphlet  in  Brit.  Mus. 

2.  Journal,  p.  495. 


The   Quaker   Movement  129 

was  a  suffering  which  was  cheerfully  borne.  They  were 
sent  to  prison  wholesale;  at  one  time  throughout  the 
kingdom  thousands  were  incarcerated,  yet  they  set  at 
defiance  the  cruel  enactments  which  oppressed  them. 
They  met  openly  for  worship,  and,  as  already  intimated, 
not  one  Quaker  License  was  issued  whilst  the  Indulgence 
was  in  force,  because  not  one  was  sought ;  and  there  can 
be  little  doubt  that  the  Quaker  movement,  despite  all  the 
oddities  and  objectionable  features  of  its  earliest  days, 
contributed  largely  towards  the  inbringing  of  that  greater 
freedom  which  the  closing  years  of  the  17th  Century 
witnessed. 

It  is  an  interesting  question,  as  to  how  it  came  about 
that  this  movement  caught  on  so  readily,  and  achieved 
such  phenomenal  triumphs  in  this  district.  In  no  other 
part  of  the  country  does  it  appear  to  have  been  so 
welcomed.  Is  the  answer  to  be  found,  partly  at  least, 
in  the  physical  environment  of  the  people?  George 
Fox  was  an  enthusiast  and  a  visionary.  He  was  always 
seeing  visions  and  hearing  voices  which  he  believed 
to  be  Divine.  He  acted  as  "  the  Spirit  moved  " ;  he 
tells  us  repeatedly  that  he  felt  "  drawn "  to  a  certain 
course,  and  that  the  message  which  he  delivered  had  come 
direct  from  God.  Living  among  the  hills  and  dales  of 
these  two  Counties,  in  daily  communion  with  Nature  as 
she  appears  in  her  wondrous  majesty  and  impressiveness, 
and  with  the  imaginative  faculties  in  consequence  highly 
developed  the  people  would  feel  the  impact  of  such  a 
personality.  To  them  George  Fox  would  appear  as  one  of 
the  old  prophets,  and,  holding  their  meetings,  as  they 
frequently  did,  amid  the  great  silences  of  Nature,  every- 
thing would  conspire  to  make  the  Mission  of  the  preacher 
a  success.  Account  for  it,  however,  as  we  may,  here  is 
the  fact  that  the  movement  gained  its  greatest  victories 
in  this  area;  found  here  its  most  heroic  sufferers;  and 
discovered  the  men,  who,  as  its  Missionaries,  not  only 
tramped  England  through  and  through,  but  even  went  to 
other  countries  with  that  new  Evangel,  which  had  so 
marvellously  conquered  themselves. 

J 


CHAPTER    III. 

The  Men  and  their  Story. 

While  tlie  main  purpose  of  this  Chapter  is  to  give,  as 
fully  as  possible,  an  account  of  the  "  Ejected  "  Ministers 
of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland,  using  the  term  in  the 
freer  sense  previously  explained,  it  will  not  by  any  means 
be  restricted  to  that.  No  student  of  17th  Century  eccle- 
siastical history  can  fail  to  be  impressed  with  the  fact 
that,  though  much  has  been  written  upon  it,  there  is  still 
much  left  unexplained.  "  Parochial  histories,"  says  Dr. 
Shaw,  "invariably  break  down  over  the  Commonwealth 
period.  It  is  not,  or  not  merely,  prejudice.  The  period 
is  not  yet  understood  ...  I  really  cherish  the  hope  that 
my  book  will  inaugurate  a  new  era  in  this  matter,  and 
that  both  in  our  county  histories  and  in  the  increasing 
number  of  our  parochial  histories  we  shall  see  an  end  of 
that  '  1640-60 '  blank  system.  The  period  was  by  no 
means  blank. "^  That  statement  errs  on  the  side  of 
generosity  in  relation  to  the  reason  for  this  "  blank 
system."  "Prejudice"  has  played  a  very  large  part  in 
the  matter.  The  County  Histories  of  Nicolson  and  Burn, 
Hutchinson  and  Jefferson  are  quite  disappointing  in  this 
respect.  There  appears  to  have  been  no  really  serious 
attempt  to  put  an  end  to  this  irritating  hiatus.  The 
period  seems  to  have  been  regarded  as  a  "  usurpation  " 
and  the  Ministers  as  "  intruders,"  and,  in  consequence,  as 
deserving  of  little  or  no  attention.  Historically  there  can 
be  no  justification  for  this.  The  years  were  there,  the 
period  was  anything  but  "  blank"  ;  and  whatever  attitude 
may  be  assumed  towards  the  Commonwealth,  whose  rise 
and  fall  it  witnessed,  the  Century  is  incomplete  without 
those  years.     Whatever  view  also  may  be  taken  of  the 

1.  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  i,  preface  xii. 


132  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Ministers,  and  whatever  names  may  be  assigned  to  them, 
the  hard  fact  remains  that  they  held  the  livings,  drew  the 
stipends  and  served  the  Cures,  and  the  history  of  any 
particular  parish  which  ignores  them  is  distinctly  mis- 
leading and  imperfect.  To  meet  this  defect  is  the  purpose 
of  this  work,  and  of  this  Chapter  in  particular.  The  task 
is  far  from  easy,  and  it  has  been  rendered  the  more 
difficult  by  these  long  years  of  neglect.  It  is  not  in  the 
least  intended  to  sketch,  even  in  briefest  outline,  the 
history  of  each  Church  in  the  area.  That  clearly  would 
be  impossible,  besides  travelling  far  beyond  the  purpose 
of  this  work.  Moreover  a  large  number  of  these  founda- 
tions do  not  come  within  the  scope  of  our  enquiries,  from 
the  fact  that  they  are  of  late  date.  As  intimated  in  the 
Preface,  the  idea  is  to  give,  as  far  as  may  be,  a  full  and 
correct  list  of  17th  Century  Incumbents  in  each  case,  so 
that  the  reader  may,  for  himself,  see  what  men  were 
displaced  during  the  Commonwealth  regime,  and  what 
by  the  Restoration  and  the  Uniformity  Act.  In  this  way 
both  Walker's  list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy "  and  Calamy'a 
list  of  "  Ejected  Ministers "  will  be  frequently  tested. 
In  every  case  the  Parish  Registers  have  been  examined 
for  the  purpose.  The  enquiries,  as  already  indicated, 
have  been  restricted  to  the  17th  Century,  liberally  inter- 
preted. By  way  of  further  explaining  what  follows  it 
may  be  added  that  the  divisions  are  purely  arbitrary. 
They  represent  neither  modern  Dioceses  nor  ancient 
Archdeaconries ;  they  are  simply  chosen  for  convenience, 
the  idea  being  to  fix  upon  an  important  centre  in  each 
case  and  then  range  a  number  of  Churches  around  it. 
Purely  again  in  the  interests  of  convenience  and  clearness 
the  term  "  Sequestered  "  is  reserved  for  a  Minister  dis- 
placed during  the  Commonwealth,  and  "  Ejected "  for 
one  displaced  at  the  Restoration,  or  by  the  Uniformity 
Act. 


CUMBERLAND. 

I.    THE  CARLISLE  GROUP. 

I.     CAELISLE. 

St.  Mary's  and  St.  Cuthbert's. 

In  1643,  owing  to  repeated  reverses  in  its  conflict  with 
the  King,  Parliament  decided  to  call  in  the  assistance  of 
the  Scottish  nation.  From  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War 
this  contingency  had  been  anticipated,  and  negotiations 
had  been  more  or  less  in  progress;  but  it  was  not  until 
September  22nd  of  that  year  that  the  Solemn  League  and 
Covenant  was  adopted  by  both  Houses  of  Parliament. 
The  decision  was  a  most  momentous  one ;  and  it  had  far- 
reaching  issues.  Among  other  things  it  gave  to  these 
two  northern  Counties  a  position  and  influence  in  the  war, 
which  otherwise  they  would  never  have  obtained.  In 
particular,  the  border  City  of  Carlisle,  which  lay  in  the 
direct  line  of  communication  between  the  two  countries, 
frequently  became  transformed  into  the  theatre  of  stirring 
incident  and  even  fateful  battle.  Twelve  months  after 
the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  had  been  accepted,  the 
Scottish  forces,  under  General  Leslie,  appeared  before 
Carlisle,  and  the  City  stood  besieged  from  October,  1644, 
to  June  of  the  following  year.  Isaac  Tullie,  a  young  man 
of  eighteen,  and  brother  to  Timothy  Tullie,  subsequently 
Minister  at  St.  Mary's  Church,  kept  a  Diary  of  the  Siege. ^ 
In  it  is  a  list  of  contributions  towards  the  needs  of  the 
beleaguered  City  from  prominent  people  in  the  district, 
the  names  of  several  of  the  local  Clergy  appearing  in  it. 
The  list  of  the  latter  is  here  appended. 

1.  This  small  Tractate  was  published  by  Jefferson  of  Carlisle  in  1840 
and  is  now  rarely  to  be  met  with.  The  original  MS.  is  in  the  British 
Museum. 


134  The    Ejected   of  1662 

£     s.  d. 
The  dean  and  chapter  of  Carlisle,  viz.,  the  dean  £4 

and  every  prebend  30s. 10     0     0 

Mr.  Usher  of  Kirk  Andrews 3     0     0 

Mr.  Constable  of  Arthuret 3     0     0 

Mr.  Welchman  of  Stanwix -       1     0     0 

Mr.  Head  of  Aikton  .        .        -        -  -        -      3     0     0 

Mr.  Warwick  of  Bowness  and  Brampton    -         -         -       2     0     0 

Mr.  Burton  of  Orton 2     0     0 

Mr.  Priestman  for  Kirklinton       -         -         -         -         -       1     0     0 
Dr.  Sibson  for  Bewcastle  or  the  sequestrators   -        -      2     0     0 

Mr.  Gibson  for  Castle  Carrick 10     0 

Mr.  Morland  for  Graystock 5     0     0 

Mr.  West  for  Addingham    -        -        -        -         -        -       1     0     0 

The  sequestrators  of  Great  Salkeld  parsonage    -        -       1     0     0 
Mr.  Goodwin  of  Lasonby     -        -        -        -        -        -100 

Mr.  Sharpies  of  Croglin 10     0 

Mr.  Milburne  for  Skelton  and  Ouseby   -         -         -         -     2     0     0 
Mr.  Langbaine  for   Keswick         -         -         -  -       2     0     0 

Mr.  Tunstell  for  Caldbeck    - 2     0     0 

Mr.  Hudson  for  Uldale  and  Kirkbride      -  -      2     0     0 

Mr.  Eobinson  for  Torpenhow 200 

Mr.  Fairfax  for  Bolton 2     0     0 

Mr.  Fletcher  of  Plumbland  -        -        -        -        -      2     0     0 

Mr.  Wilkinson  of  Gilcrux 10    0 

Mr.  Beck  of  Brumfield 1  10     0 

Mr.  Cookson  of  Brigham -100 

Mr.  Fletcher  of  Dean 2     0     0 

Mr.  Lowther  of  Workington 2     0     0 

Mr.  Antrobus  of  Egremond 1  10     0 

Mr.  Fletcher  of  Distington 1  10     0 

Mr.   Hudson  of  Harrington  -         -  -         -       2     0     0 

Mr.  Tubman  of  Whitcham 10     0 

Mr.  Braithwaite  of  Lamplugh 10     0' 

The  City  made  a  long  and  brave  defence,  and  the  people 
suffered  much  hardship,  subsisting  for  a  time  on  horse- 
flesh ;  but  eventually  the  besiegers  were  admitted,  certain 
articles  of  surrender  having  been  agreed  upon.  Isaac 
Tullie  writes  not  unfavourably  of  the  terms,  and  of  the 
conduct  of  the  General  in  carrying  out  the  agreement. 
"  The  next  day,"  says  he,  "being  25th  of  June,  the  Articles 
were  agreed  upon,  and  the  Citty  of  Carlyle,  little  in 
circuite,  but  great  and  memorable  for  Loyalty,  received 
1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  236. 


1 


Carlisle    Siege  135 

a  Scots  garrison  upon  the  28th  of  June,  upon  these  noble 
articles,  which  by  David  Leslys  strict  command  and 
p'sonall  conduct  were  punctually  performed,  both  to  those 
that  marched  out,  and  to  the  Cittysons  that  staid  at 
Home."  ^  Chancellor  Ferguson  takes  some  exception  to 
Isaac  TuUie's  generous  view  of  the  conduct  of  the  con- 
querors and  says  :  — 

The  shattered  condition  of  the  nave  of  Carlisle  Cathedral,  and  of 
the  conventual  buildings,  shows  that  Tullie  viewed  very  leniently 
some  of  Lesley's  doings,  if  he  did  not  consider  the  pulling  down  a 
great  part  of  the  nave,  and  of  the  conventual  buildings,  an  infraction 
of  the  3rd  article  of  surrender  "that  no  church  be  defaced." 2 

Chancellor  Ferguson's  own  description   of  matters  is  in 

the  following  terms  :  — 

The  victors,  in  violation  of  the  articles  of  surrender,  played  havoc 
with  the  cathedral ;  they  pulled  down  great  part  of  the  nave,  cloisters, 
and  prebendal  houses,  and  used  the  materials  for  the  repair  of  the 
fortifications.  This  surrender,  indeed,  made  a  clean  sweep  of  every- 
thing   in    Carlisle ;     bishop,    dean,    and    prebendaries    had    all    been 

sequestrated  and  deprived  prior  to  the  siege,   and  disappear 

The  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  of  1643  had  ejected  several  of  the 
Episcopalian  clergy  of  the  diocese,  and  some  that  remained  were 
ejected  on  the  "Vacancy  of  Ministers"  in   1655.3 

The  tendency,  however,  in  these  .matters,  is  to  draw 
largely  upon  the  imagination;  and  it  has  repeatedly  been 
found  necessary  in  this  work  to  take  exception  to  this 
type  of  statement.  The  authority  for  it  is  almost  invari- 
ably either  Walker  or  Todd,  both  of  whom  wrote  greatly 
embittered  against  everything  relating  to  Cromwell  and 
the  Commonwealth.  How  little  reliance  may  be  placed 
upon  the  statement  just  cited  will  be  evident  from  the 
fact  that  the  paragraph  in  Dr.  Todd's  MS.,  upon  which 
Chancellor  Ferguson  bases  it,  ends  with  the  following 
sentence  :  — "  It  was  their  intention  to  have  destroyed  the 
whole  of  the  cathedral,  but  they  were  prevented  by  the 
restoration."  *      Fifteen  years   elapsed  between  the  sur- 

1.  Hist,  of  Cumb.,  by  Chancellor  Ferguson,  p.  261. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Diocesan  Histories,  Carlisle,  pp.  138,  139. 

4.  Jefferson's  History  of  Carlisle,  p.  56. 


136  The   Ejected   of  1662 

render  of  the  City  and  the  Restoration,  and,  if  there  had 
been  any  wish  to  destroy  the  Cathedral,  it  is  not  easy  to 
see  how  the  Restoration  could  have  hindered.  Moreover, 
the  request  of  the  Trustees  for  the  Maintenance  of 
Ministers,  in  1658,  to  be  supplied  with  information  as  to 
the  needs  of  the  place,  and  their  grant  of  a  sum  towards 
its  repair,  indicates  no  such  iconoclastic  spirit  as  is  here 
suggested.^  The  truth  is  that  five  years  previously  the 
Cathedral  buildings  were  in  a  condition  calling  for  real 
concern;  and  the  following  letter  from  the  King  in 
relation  to  the  matter  together  with  the  Bishop's  reply  is 
extremely  interesting. 

September  4th. 
Whitehall. 
The  King  to  Dr.  Cumber,  2  Dean  of  Carlisle  and  Master  of  Trinity 

College,   Cambridge.       We  have   lately   been  informed,   both   at  our 

1.  Vide  p.  166. 

2.  At  this  time  there  was  a  considerable  amount  of  non-residence. 
The  Dean  himself.  Dr.  Comber,  was  an  absentee,  and  judging  from  the 
following,  at  least  most  of  the  Petty  Canons  were  : — 

"  1639. 

Petition  of  Robert  Browne,  preacher  of  God's  Word,  to  the  King. 
The  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle,  in  view  of  service  done  by  petitioner, 
gratified  him  with  a  lease 'of  the  tithes  of  Brisco  in  Cumberland,  and 
parcel  now  of  their  revenue,  but  of  which  they  had  no  profit  until 
petitioner  recovered  the  same  by  law  at  his  great  charge,  soon  after 
which  they  required  him  to  yield  up  his  interest  therein.  In  lieu 
whereof  they  promised  petitioner  that  he  should  have  the  first  petty 
canon's  place  in  the  church  of  Carlisle  which  should  become  void ; 
whereupon  he  surrendered  the  same,  and  soon  after  was  invested  in  the 
said  place,  and  continued  so  for  some  years  past.  Yet,  notwithstanding, 
of  late  they  have  made  an  Act  to  deprive  him  of  that  preferment  with- 
out admonition  or  calling  upon  him  to  show  cause  to  the  contrary,  and 
have  placed  another  in  his  seat  contrary  to  law.  Conceives  no  other 
reason  can  be  shown  for  his  deprivation  but  non-residence,  a  privilege 
which  all  or  most  part  of  the  rest  enjoy,  and  are  allowed  their  substi- 
tutes. Prays  the  King  out  of  his  abundant  clemency  to  restore  him  to 
his  former  place." 

It  is  certified  by  John  Baynes,  Mayor  of  Carlisle,  Sir  William 
Musgrave,  and  two  others.  Justices  of  the  Peace  (Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for 
1639-40,  p.  202).  For  Mr.  Browne,  licensed  preacher  in  1636,  see  the 
Watermillock  preachers,  p.  516. 


Carlisle   Cathedral  137 

being  in  the  North  and  since,  that  our  cathedral  church  at  Carlisle 
is  fallen  exceedingly  into  decay,  and  indeed  so  far  that  if  there  be  not 
present  care  taken  for  the  repair  thereof  it  cannot  be  long  upheld. 
The  government  of  this  place  is  by  us  Committed  to  you  and  the 
chapter  there,  and  we  doubt  your  long  continued  absence  together 
with  some  negligence  of  your  predecessors,  have  hastened  this  fabric, 
which  should  have  been  upheld  both  by  your  charge  &  care,  toward 
the  ruin  in  which  it  is  now  like  to  fall  without  speedy  supply.  And, 
though  St.  Paul's  in  London  has  found  very  good  assistance  and  large 
contribution  from  our  subjects  in  general,  yet  you  must  not  think 
that  the  charge  of  repairing  other  inferior  cathedrals  can  be  put  off 
from  yourselves  upon  the  tState.  These  are  therefore  to  require  you 
by  yourself  or  your  vice-dean  and  chapter  to  take  present  care  for  the 
yearly  repair  of  such  parts  of  that  church  as  are  most  faulty,  that  so 
every  year  somewhat  may  be  done  according  to  your  means  there,  till 
the  whole  church  shall  be  sufficiently  repaired.  And  of  this  we 
charge  you  and  the  chapter  not  to  fail.  We  further  you,  that  these 
oui'  letters  be  registered,  that  in  them  "  succession  "  may  read  our  care 
and  their  duty  in  this  behalf.  We  have  likewise  commanded  one  of 
our  Principal  Secretaries  of  State  to  write  to  the  bishop  of  that  see  to 
require  him  to  take  care  that  these  our  commands  be  obeyed,  and  to 
inform  us  from  time  to  time  if  they  be  not.' 

Dec.  6.  1639. 

Bishop  Potter  of  Carlisle,  to  Sec.  Windebank.  As  soon  as  1  could 
receive  an  answer  from  the  dean,  1  come  to  give  you  account  of  my 
care  to  see  his  ^Majesty's  royal  and  religious  commands  performed, 
for  the  repairing  of  the  cathedral  church  of  Carlisle.  As  soon  as  1 
received  your  letter,  I  sent  for  the  prebends, — -we  have  but  four  in 
all, — and  acquainted  them  with  his  Majesty's  pleasure,  making  it 
plain  to  them  that  if  the  reparation  of  the  church  should  rest  upon 
the  remainder  of  the  rents,  when  all  other  duties  and  officers'  [fees] 
were  discharged,  there  could  nothing  be  done  to  any  purpose  in  many 
years.  Indeed  the  rents  in  divers  years  come  short  to  discharge  all 
claims,  and  therefore  I  entreated  that  out  of  the  fines  which  they  had 
received  the  last  year,  averaging  almost  £300  to  every  prebend,  and 
about  £700  to  the  dean,  they  would  give  something.  Three  of  the 
prebends  who  were  present  promised  £50  apiece  if  the  dean  would 
pay  in  proportion  his  part,  which  they  rated  to  £200.  Thereupon  I 
wrote  to  the  dean  and  acquainted  him  with  the  prebends'  offer.  His 
answer  to  me  was,  that  he  conceived  the  meaning  of  his  Majesty's 
letter  to  be,  that  the  reparations  of  the  church  should  rise  only  out  of 
the  rents  and  not  from  the  fines,  yet  he  would  be  content  to  give 
£100,    towards  the    present    reparations.       This    will    not    please    the 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1639,  p.  478. 


o 


8  The   Ejected    of  1662 


prebends,  because,  they  say,  it  is  but  a  small  proportion  for  the  dean, 
the  prebends  having  barely  Jt;20  a  year  and  the  dean  £120.  As  for 
the  fines,  the  dean  has  a  third  part,  and  the  four  prebends  have  the 
rest,  and  therefore  the  prebends  fall  back  from  their  promise  of  £50, 
unless  the  dean  will  pay  in  his  proportion.  Yet  order  is  taken  for 
providing  some  materials  against  the  spring,  but  if  the  charge  be  laid 
only  upon  the  rents  little  will  be  done,  and  if  there  be  not  something 
yearly  reserved  out  of  the  fines,  I  am  not  like  to  live  to  see  the  church 
sufficiently  repaired.  As  occasion  shall  serve,  1  shall  be  careful  to 
give  his  Majesty  a  true  account  how  his  commands  are  obeyed.' 

Whether  the  work  of  repair  was  taken  in  hand,  and,  if  so, 
to  what  extent,  we  have  no  means  of  knowing. 

That  the  Cathedral  buildings  suffered  during  the  Siege 
may  be  regarded  as  certain;  but  in  all  probability  it  was 
simply  an  accident  of  the  war.  The  truth  is,  that  much 
of  what  is  alleged  in  this  way  was  simply  impossible, 
because  of  the  political  and  religious  complexion  of  this 
area :  it  was  too  preponderatingly  Royalist  for  a  tithe 
of  the  evil  things  to  have  happened,  which  writers  are  in 
the  habit  of  assigning  to  that  period.  Certainly  the 
statement  about  the  Bishop,  etc.,  being  swept  away 
"  prior  to  the  Siege"  is  at  fault :  for  Episcopacy  was  not 
definitely  abolished  until  1646.  Nor  is  there  any  evidence 
of  Sequestrations  in  this  area  as  early  as  1643.  That  the 
Prebends,  at  least,  were  in  existence  in  1644,  the  time  of 
the  Siege,  is  clear  from  the  fact  that  together  with  the 
Dean  they  contributed  £10.  "With  the  fall  of  Episcopacy 
however,  went  the  Cathedral  Hierarchy;  and  a  brief  note 
about  the  respective  persons  affected  is  necessary. 

The  Bishop  at  the  time  was  the  learned  Dr.  James 
TJssher,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  who  had  the  Carlisle  See 
conferred  upon  him  in  commendavi  on  the  death  of 
Bishop  Potter  in  1641.  The  grant  was  given  to  him  on 
February  16th,  1641-2,  and  he  received  the  revenue  till 
the  autumn  of  1643.  He  was  a  man  of  great  culture  and 
wide  knowledge,  a  large  contributor  to  Biblical  literature, 
of  unstained  character,  of  gentle  spirit  and  liberal  view. 
He  laboured  unsparingly  to  promote  religious  unity  and 
peace  in  his  day;  and  propounded  a  modified  scheme  of 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1639—40,  p.  149. 


The   Cathedral   Clergy  139 

Episcopacy,  which  Richard  Baxter  and  others  of  his 
school  were  quite  prepared  to  accept.  Bishop  Ussher  was 
non-resident,  and  probably  never  saw  his  Carlisle  Diocese. 
He  died  at  the  age  of  75  years,  on  March  21,  1656;  and 
Cromwell,  who  always  had  the  highest  regard  for  his 
character  and  gifts,  ordered  his  burial  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  which  took  place  on  the  17th  of  the  following 
month. 

The  Archdeacon  and  Chancellor  was  Isaac  Singleton, 
M.A.  He  died  in  1643,  and  an  account  of  him  appears 
under  Crosthwaite,  of  which  place  he  was  Vicar. ^ 

The  Prebendary  of  the  First  Stall  was  Dr.  Lancelot 
Dawes  who  was  appointed  in  1619.  He  was  Vicar  of 
Barton  and  E-ector  of  Asby,  and  died  in  1655. ^ 

The  Prebendary  of  the  Second  Stall,  appointed  in  1640, 
was  Frederick  Tunstall,  M.A.,  subsequently  the  Seques- 
tered Rector  of  Caldbeck.^ 

The  Prebendary  of  the  Third  Stall  was  Lewis  West, 
M.A.,  the  Sequestered  Vicar  of  Addingham.  He  was 
appointed  in  1637  and  also  became  Archdeacon.  To  both 
positions  he  returned  at  the  Restoration.  ^ 

The  Prebendary  of  the  Fourth  Stall,  appointed  in  1643, 
was  Henry  Hutton,  M.A.  He  was  Rector  of  Long 
Marton.  ^ 

At  this  time  Carlisle  had  two  Churches ;  and,  respecting 
the  one  dedicated  to  St.  Mary,  Jefferson,  writing  in  1838, 
says : — 

It  is  under  the  same  roof  as  the  cathedral,  the  west  limb  of  that 

venerable   building   having   been   appropriated,   as   it   would   appear, 

from  the  earliest  period,  for  the  performance  of  the  parochial  duties. 

During  the  civil  wars  its  dimensions  were  considerably  curtailed,  two 

arches  only  of  the  original  nave  being  left  by  the  ruthless  spoilers. 

This  fragment  has  been  galleried  and  pewed,  and  the  space  formerly 

occupied  by  the  remainder  of  the  edifice  is  converted  into  a  cemetery.  6 

1.  Vide  p.  649. 

2.  Vide  pp.  1111,  1224. 

3.  Vide  p.  548. 

4.  Vide  p.  349. 

5.  Vide  p.  1149. 

6.  Hist,  of  Carlisle,  p.  268. 


I40  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  Registers  begin  in  1648,  the  earliest  volume  being 
long,  thick  and  narrow.  It  is  of  parchment  and  in  fair 
condition,  the  writing  being  quite  decipherable.  It  begins 
with  "  Weddings  " — baptisms  being  the  same  date.  At  the 
other  end  of  the  book  is  "  the  Parish  Register  of  St.  Maries 
Carlisle,"  commencing  August,  1655,  and  ending  December, 
1732,  "containing  thirty  four  leaves."  An  interesting  feature 
of  these  Registers  is  the  appearance  against  each  person's 
name  of  the  place  name  of  the  district  to  which  he  belonged, 
as  :  "  Castlegate,"  "  Abbeygate,"  "  Richargate,"  etc. 

The  other  Church,  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert,  is  only  a 
short  distance  away.  The  Registers  begin  in  April,  1693. 
Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  says  1603 ;  but  whether 
that  is  a  mistake  for  1693  is  not  clear.  The  Transcripts, 
however,  begin  with  May,  1666 ;  and  in  addition,  there  is 
one  folio  occupied  with  baptisms  for  the  years  1604  and 
1605.  This  folio  would  seem  to  indicate  the  existence 
of  earlier  Registers,  which  may  explain  Bishop  Nicolson's 
date. 

It  is  extremely  difficult  to  say  how  these  two  Churches 
were  served  during  the  17th  Century.  No  one  of  the 
historians  makes  any  attempt  to  indicate  this,  still  less  to 
construct  a  list  of  Incumbents.  Chancellor  Ferguson 
alone  is  helpful  in  the  matter.  In  his  interesting  and 
valuable  paper  on  the  Carlisle  Lectureship  he  says  :  — 

Up  to  this  time  [1655]  1  have  little  doubt  that  the  incumbents  of 
S.  Cuthbert's  and  S.  Mary's  were  not  licensed  preachers,  and  that  all 
the  preaching  that  was  done  in  Carlisle  was  done  by  the  Bishop,  his 
chaplains,  the  prebends,  and  the  lecturer.  I  have  already  pointed  out 
that  the  sermons  and  the  service  were  at  different  times.' 

From  what  appears  elsewhere  ^  this  surmise  about  the 
Cathedral  Clergy  would  seem  to  be  correct  except  that  the 
date,  1655,  is  late.  Isaac  Tullie  informs  us  that 
the  following  rendered  service  as  preachers  during 
the      Siege: — Frederick     Tunstall      and     Lewis     "West, 

1.  "The  Lectureship  and  Lectures  at  St.  Cuthbert's  Church,  Carlisle," 
by  Chancellor  Ferguson,  reprinted  from  "  The  Transactions  of  the 
Cumberlaind  and  Westmorland  Archasological  Society"  for  1883,  p.  320. 

2.  Vide  p.  142,  &c.,  for  Lecturers. 


Carlisle    Lectureship  141 

Prebendaries ;  Timothy  Tullie,  then  at  Cliburn ;  Jonathan 
Goodwin  of  Lazonby ;  and  Featherstonhaugh ;  from  neigh- 
bouring Counties,  Dr.  Basire,  Prebendary  of  Durham  and 
Archdeacon  of  Xorthiimberland,  Dr.  Marshall,  possibly 
the  Sequestered  Minister  of  Houghton-le-Spring,  Thomas 
Norgate,  B.D.,  Chaplain  to  Sir  Thomas  Glenham,  Gover- 
nor of  Carlisle ;  and  Scotch  Ministers,  Mr.  Thompson  and 
Mr.  Sandulans. 

The  Lectureship,  an  institution  of  Puritan  origin,  was 
highly  popular  at  this  time.  Its  aim  was  to  supplement 
the  work  of  the  Parish  Minister  with  a  view  to  securing 
for  the  people  the  fullest  possible  measure  of  religious 
instruction  and  worship.  It  was  often  resented  as  an 
intrusion  by  the  resident  Incumbent;  but  it  sought  to 
further  the  interests  of  the  people  by  supplying  them  with 
appropriate  services  when  the  Minister  in  charge,  through 
infirmity,  years,  indifference,  neglect,  incompetence,  or 
the  largeness  of  his  Parish,  had  ceased  to  meet  the 
religious  needs  of  the  district.  These  Lectureships  appear 
in  Kendal,  Kirkby  Lonsdale  and  Penrith;  and  precisely 
•how  long  the  institution  had  been  in  existence  in  Carlisle 
we  have  no  means  of  knowing.  In  1625,  however,  an 
Indenture,  dated  August  16  of  that  year,  made  between 
"  Henrye  Baynes  Maior  of  the  Cittye  of  Carlell  &  ye 
Cittizens  of  the  same  of  thone  [the  one]  ptie  [party]. 
And  Edwarde  Aglionbye  Esquyer  Lanclote  Dawes  Thomas 
Fayerfaxe  Clerk  And  Willm  Barwick  &  Mathewe  Cape 
Gentilmen  on  thother  ptie,  Witnessethe  "  that  "  ye  Deane 
&  Chapter  of  Carelile  haue  graunted  by  lease  for  one  & 
twentye  yea'res  the  tythe  corne  of  Briskoe  &  Scugger 
houses  to  ye  sayde  Edwarde  Aglionbye  Lanclote  Dawes 
Thomas  Fayerfaxe  Willm  Barwicke  &  Mathewe  Cape  for 
ye  payment  of  twentye  Marks  by  yeare  to  A  lectorer  or 
preatcher  in  St.  Maries  in  Augmentacion  of  his  former 
Stipend  of  twentye  pounds  so  as  ye  Maior  &  Cittizens  of 
Carelell  woulde  make  up  ye  sayde  some  of  thirtye  three 
pounds  sex  shilling  and  Eight  pence  to  be  fortye  pounds 
by  yeare  to  ye  sayde  lecturer  or  preacher."  ^     It  further 

1.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  327. 


142  The   Ejected   of  1662 

states  that  "  the  sayd  Maior  &  Cittizens  of  Carlell  (un- 
willing to  be  anye  meanes  of  hinderinge  so  good  a  worke 
but  to  sett  forwarde  the  same  by  their  good  example)  Do 
by  thes  presents  for  them  &  their  Successors  geue  & 
graunte  unto  ye  sayde  Edwarde  Aglionbye  Lancelote 
Dawes  Thomas  Fayerfaxe  Willm  Barwicke  and  Mathew 
Cape  one  Anewetie  or  yearely  E-ent  of  sex  poundes  thirtene 
shillings  fower  pence  by  yeare  to  be  issewinge  &  goinge 
oute  of  their  Water  Corne  Mills  belonginge  to  ye  sayd 
Cittye  payable  yearelye  at  ye  seuerall  f  castes  of  ye  purifi- 
cacion  of  or  [our]  blessed  virgin  &  ye  first  daye  of  Auguste 
caled  Lammas  Daye  by  eaven  portions  to  be  by  them 
payde  over  to  ye  sayde  lecturer  or  Preatcher  yearely 
duringe  the  tearme  of  twentye  &  one  yeares."  ^  It  would 
be  quite  a  mistake  to  infer  that  the  Lectureship  was  a 
mere  appendage  to  either  St.  Mary's  or  St.  Cuthbert's. 
It  was  a  separate  office ;  the  Lecturer  was  a  City  official, 
though,  in  this  case,  the  main  movers  appear  to  have  been 
private  individuals,  Fairfax  and  Dawes  being  Preben- 
daries of  the  Cathedral.  These  persons  also  had  the 
privilege  of  nominating  and  the  Dean  and  Chapter- 
^'  alowede  "  the  nomination  as  the  following  shows  :  — "Ye 
sayde  Lecturer  or  preacher  so  nominated  by  ye  sayd 
Edward  Aglionbye  Lanclote  Dawes  Thomas  Fayerfaxe 
Willm  Barwicke  &  Mathew  Cape  And  alowede  by  ye 
Deane  &  Chapter  shall  begine  to  preatche  in  ye  sayd 
Church  of  St.  Maries. "^  Later,  however,  the  City  took 
these  matters  more  into  its  own  hands. 

Roger  Baldwin,  M.A.,  1647. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  name  of  this  early  Lec- 
turer, if  one  was  actually  appointed,  has  not  been 
preserved ;  the  first  person  known  to  serve  in  this  capacity 
being  Roger  Baldwin,  who  is  also  called  Minister  of  the 
"  pish   Church."     The   date  of  his  appointment  has  not 

1.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  328. 

2.  Ihid. 


Roger   Baldwin  143 

been  ascertained  but  he  certainly  was  here  in  1647-8  as 
the  following  show  :  — 

Cuthberts  in 

Carlile.  ffebr  16.  1647-8. 

Whereas  this  Committee  have  the  17th  of  March  1646  Grted  [granted] 
50li  a  yeare  out  of  the  Rents  &  Revenues  reserved  payable  &  belonging 
to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  there  possions  [possessions]  in 
the  sevrall  termes  of  the  psons  [persons]  hereafter  pticulerlie  men- 
coned  vizt.  of  Dame  Annas  Lamplugh  the  yearelie  sume  of  131i  6s  8d 
of  Henry  Lowther  the  yearelie  sume  of  xs  of  Mathew  Cape  &  Mr. 
Barwick  Hi  16s  7d  of  John  Orbell  21i  5s  7d  yearelie  of  Mris  Orbell 
4li  lis  2d  yearelie  of  Mr  Tully  the  yearlie  sume  of  2li  3s  4d  of  John 
Ralph  the  yearelie  some  of  3li  6s  8d  of  Edward  Holme  the  yearelie 
some  of  xxs  &  of  George  Relfe  &  of  George  White  the  yearelie  some  of 
40s  of  Sr.  Richard  ffletcher  the  yearelie  some  of  61i  13s  4d  of  the 
Lord  Wm.  Howard  the  yearelie  some  of  viijli  of  Mr.  Aglionby  the 
yearelie  some  of  Hi  3s  4d  of  Sir  Edward  Musgrave  the  yearelie  some 
of  4li  All  wch  sd  sevrall  Somes  are  payable  by  the  sevrall  tennts 
above  menconed  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  abovesaid  out  of 
sevrall  of  their  possions  in  the  sevrall  ptes  [parts]  of  St.  Cuthberts  in 
Carlile  St.  Maries  Ireby  Heskett  Wetherell  Warwick  &  Stanwix  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  &  are  graunted  as  aforesaid  to  &  for  the 
maintennce  of  such  minister  as  this  Comittee  should  approve  off  to 
officiate  the  Cure  of  the  pish  Church  in  Carlile  aforesaid  the  pnte 
[present]  maintennce  belonging  to  the  sd  Church  being  but  61i  a  yeare 
&  the  sd  pish  Conteyninge  neere  200  Comunicantes  it  is  ordered  that 
the  sd  501i  a  yeare  be  pd  to  Roger  Baldwin  a  godlie  &  Orthodox 
devine  the  pnte  minister  of  the  sd  Church  for  an  increase  of  his 
Maintennce  wch  the  Collector  appointed  by  the  Cotee  of  pliamt  for 
the  said  Countie  to  receive  the  said  Rents  &  Somes  of  money  is  hereby 
required  to  paie  unto  the  sd  Mr  Baldwyn  as  the  said  rents  shall  grow 
due  &  become  payable.' 

Cuthberts  in 

Carlile.  Nov.  7.   1649. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  by  ordr  of  ye  17th  of  March  1646 
graunted  sevall  yearly  rents  &  pfitts  of  money  reserved  to  ye  Deane 
&  Chapter  of  Carlisle  out  of  Sevall  possions  within  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  in  ye  said  ordr  pticulerly  menconed  amounting  to  50li 
a  yeare  for  increase  of  ye  maintennce  of  the  Minister  of  the  pish 
Church  of  Carlisle  aforesaid  wch  was  since  by  order  of  ye  16th  ffebr 
1647  Settled  upon  Mr.  Roger  Baldwin  A  godly  &  orthodox  Divine  ye 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  325. 


144  The   Ejected   of  1662 

psent  Minister  of  the  said  Church  It  is  ordered  that  the  Trustees  for 
Sale  of  Deane  &  Chapter  Lands  doe  &  they  are  hereby  desired  to  issue 
out  their  warrants  to  the  Trears  [Treasurers]  for  Sale  of  Deane  & 
Chapter  Lands  to  pay  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Baldwin  or  unto  Eichard 
Lowry  to  his  use  the  Sume  of  251i  for  one  halfe  yeares  rent  of  the 
pmisses  due  the  29th  of  September  last  pvided  that  the  said  Mr. 
Baldwin  shall  have  first  subscribed  ye  late  engagement  of  ye  11th  of 
October  last.' 

To  this  period  also  belongs  tiie  following :  — 

Carlile.  Nov.  17.  1647. 

Upon  Consideracon  had  of  the  Peticon  of  Thomas  Musgrave,  Master 

6  Thomas  Craghill,  Usher  of  ye  Gramer  Schoole  att  Carlile  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  (A  coppy  whereof  is  hereunto  annexed)  ffor 
that  Complainte  is  made  that  there  beinge  281i  a  yeare  payable  to  the 
Schoole  Mtr  of  the  said  Schoole  &  121i  to  ye  Usher  thereof  out  of  the 
Revenue  of  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile,  the  paymt  whereof  is 
lately  obstructed  in  regard  of  ye  graunts  made  by  this  Comittee,  out 
of  ye  Revenues  of  the  sd  Deane  &  Chapter  for  the  maintenance  of 
Ministers  This  Comittee  doe  declare  That  all  sumes  of  money  allow- 
ances or  Sallaries,  by  lawe  payable  out  of  the  said  Revenue  to  the 
said  Schoole  Master  and  Usher  ought  to  be  Contynued  unto  them 
And  the  orders  of  this  Comittee  ought  not  hinder  or  obstruct  the 
paymt  thereof,  but  that  the  same  must  bee  continued  &  paid  unto 
them  out  of  the  possessions  that  are  by  lawe  chargeable  with 
paymt  thereof  before  any  syme  of  money  bee  paid  to  any  person  by 
vertue  of  any  order  of  this  Comittee  And  this  Comittee  doe  referr  it 
to  the  Comittee  of  pliamt  for  the  sd  County  to  heare  &  Compose  ye 
differences  betweene  all  pties  therein  concerned  if  they  cann  or  else  to 
state  &  Certifie  the  matter  of  fact  to  this  Comittee.  2 

In  the  Chamberlain's  Accounts  ^  for  .1649-50  we  have 
the  following :  — 

For    Mr.    Baldwin's    paines    in    preachinge    at    ye    election    day, 
001  :  00  :  00. 

1650,   for  his  paynes  in  preaching   from   2nd  ffeb  to  ye  25   March 

07  :  00  :  00. 

An  "  Abstract  of  the  Survey  of  the  Eeetories  of  St. 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  326. 

2.  Ihid.,  325. 

3.  In  the  Custody  of  the  Town  Clerk,  Carlisle. 


Theophilus   Polewheele  145 

Mary's  and   St.   Cuthbert's  in  Carlile  taken  a.d,  1650 " 
gives  the  following  :  — 

Brisco   and    Skuggar   Houses    Tith    Com-To   Edwd.    Aglionby    &c 
Trustees  for  ye  use  of  Mr.  Baldwin  a  Lecturer  of  St.  Mary's  &  of  St. 
Cuthbert's,  Carlile. 
Rent  04  :  06  :  08. 
Clear  Value  23  :  13  :  04. 
To  be  renewed  gratis,  i 

Soon  after  this  Hoger  Baldwin  removed  and  appears  as 
Lecturer  at  Penrith,  becoming  subsequently  Yicar  of  the 
Parish  Church  in  that  town.^ 

HOLDSWORTH,   1650. 

The  entry  in  the  Accounts,  under  date  1650,  is  as 
follows :  — 

For  Mr.  Holsworth  paines  in  preaching  8  weeks  :  007  :  00  :  00. 

Calamy  mentions  among  his  Ejected  Ministers  three 
persons  of  the  name  of  Holds  worth;  but  probably  the  one 
in  question  was  Mr.  Holdsworth  of  St.  Oswald's  in  Elvet, 
Durham,  who  appears  to  have  been  the  chief  difficulty  in 
the  way  of  Roger  Baldwin's  removal  to  that  place.  ^ 
Possibly  also  this  is  the  person  to  whom  William  Lampit 
refers  in  1650,  intimating  that  he  was  anxious  to  secure 
the  Aikton  living.*  It  may  be  that  he  was  only  doing 
temporary  duty  in  Carlisle. 

Theophilus  Polewheele,  M.A.,  1651. 

He  was  born  in  Cornwall,  the  Polewheeles  being  a 
considerable  family  in  that  County.  Foster  mentions 
several  among  his  Oxford  Alumni,  but  these  appear  to 
have  taken  the  Royalist  side.  Theophilus  Polewheele 
was  educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge;  and 
Hugh  Todd  names  him  along  with  Larkham  and  Madder 

1.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  329. 

2.  Vide  p.  420. 

3.  Vide  p.  427. 

4.  Vide  p.  625. 


I4i6  The   Ejected   of  1662 

of  Mather  as  coming  north  from  the  west  country.'^ 
Previous  to  his  Carlisle  ministry  he  had  been  a  short  time 
at  Egremont,  and  for  a  longer  period  at  Kirkbampton, 
whence  he  removed  to  Carlisle.^    •.  .  :,.  - 

The  following  items  are  from  the  Chamberlain's 
Accounts  :  — 

Aug.  22.  1651.  Item  for  Banqueting  Bestowed  upon  Mr.  Pole- 
wheele  minister  :  00  :  12  :  04. 

Sep.  16.  Item  pd  for  Spices  Bestowed  upon  Mr.  Polewheele  when 
he  set  up  house  :  3  :  00  :  00. 

Oct.  6.  1651.  Item  pd  to  Mr.  Polwheele  for  the  Eleccon  Sermon 
by  Mr.  Maiors  order  01  :  00  :  00. 

Oct.  6.  1652.  Item  payed  to  Mr.  Polewheele  for  his  Sermon 
01  :  00  :  00. 

Jany  1652-3.  Item  pd  to  mr  Polewheele,  Lecturer,  for  one  year 
and  halfe  house  rent  by  order  12  :  00  :  00.' 

His  receipt  for  salary,  dated  December  25th,  1652,  reads 
thus :  — 

Received  off  Thomas  Jackson  Chamberlane  by  order  off  the 
Cittie  ffor  one  yeare  and  a  halfe  sallarie  due  to  Mr.  Powlewheell  ffor 
lecture  sermones  the  some  of  Twelve  poundes  I  saie  Reed  12  :  00  :  00 
ffor  aforesaid  use. 

p.  me  Tho.  Sewell.* 

Theophilus  Polewheele's  acceptance  by  Cromwell's 
Commissioners  is  given  in  the  following  documents 
together  with  an  account  of  his  rental :  — 

New  Castle 
upon  Tyne. 

By  ye  Comrs.  appointed  by  Act  of  Parliamt  bearing  date  ye  first 
of  March  1649  for  ye  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in  ye  fower  Northern 
Counties  of  Northumberland,  Cumberland,  Westmorland  and  Durham 
March  29,  1653. 

1.  Vide  p.  375. 

2.  Vide  pp.  606,  822. 

3.  Chamberlain's  Accounts. 

4.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  328. 


Theophilus   Polewheele  147 

Carlisle. 

Whereas  jNIr.  Theophilus  Powlewheele  being  recomended  for  a 
godly  &  painefull  Preacher  &  of  able  guifts  &  knowledg  for  ye  work 
of  ye  minestry  &  of  approved  Conversacon  for  piety  hath  come  before 
us  &  upon  triall  &  examinacon  of  his  guifts  by  divers  godly  Minesters 
according  to  ye  direcon  of  ye  Parliamt  is  found  fitt  to  preache  ye 
Gospell  of  Jesus  Chrest  &  to  be  duely  qualified  &  guifted  for  yt  holy 
Imploymt  Wee  therefore  by  vertue  of  ye  power  &  authority  to  us 
given  by  ye  Parliamt  doe  appoint  ye  said  Mr.  Theophilus  Poole- 
wheele  to  preach  in  ye  City  of  Carlile  &  for  his  support  &  main- 
tennce  It  is  hereby  appointed  &  ordered  yt  ye  rents  mencioned  & 
Conteined  in  a  Schedule  hereunto  annexed  be  settled  upon  ye  said 
Mr.  Theophilus  Powlwheele  &  he  is  hereby  invested  in  ye  same  & 
as  lawfully  seized  thereof  to  all  intents  &  purposes  as  if  he  had  been 
instituted  &  inducted  according  to  any  former  Course  of  Lawe  & 
hath  ye  like  remedy  for  ye  recovering  thereof  as  ye  Deane  &  Chapter 
■of  Carlile  formerly  had. 

Jo.     Claffering,    P.    Hobson,    Henry   Ogle,    Robt.    ffenwick,  Cuth. 
Studholme,   Tho.    Cholmley,    Tho.    Langhome,    Edw.    Winter,    Hen. 
Horsley,  John  Ogle,  Tho.   Craister,  Wm.  Shafto,   Hen.  Dawson,  Lu. 
Rillingworth. 
Entd. 
Ant.  Parsons 

Newcastle  Upon 
Tine. 

A  Rentall  of  Tith  rents  Confered  upon 
Mr.  Theophilus  Powlwheele  by  ye  Comrs 
of    ye    ffowre    Northerne    Counties    for 
ppagating  ye   Gospell   dated  ye  30th   of 
March  1653. 
Plumton.     Mr.    Broham  Whitsuntide   &    Martinmas        -     04  :  06  :  08 
Westward.     Mr.  Wm.  Briscoe  St.  Mark  &  Mart.     -        -     06  :  00  :  00 
Wery    Holme.     Mr.    Tully  -        -        -  -        -     02  :  03  :  04 

Keld.     Mr.    Henry  Baxter  of   Sebraham        -  -        -     00  :  12  :  00 

Braithwaite.     Mr.    Kirkbride    of  Ellerton  -  -     01  :  10  :  00 

EUerton.     Idem   for   Ellerton 00  :  06  :  08 

Carlislefeild.     Mr.    Orbell   Mr.    Sewell   ffarmer  -        -     04:11:02 

Calcotebanck.     Mr.    Cuthbert    Studholme   p.    Mr.    Orbell     02  :  05  :  07 
St.   Cuth.  Tithe  Hay.     Mr.  Edw.  Orfeure  of  Turpennow    00  :  02  :  06 

Spittlecrocke.     Mr.   Tho.   Stanwix 00  :  01  :  00 

Rapier   close.     Idem  Christibankes   12d.    p.   rapier   Close 

3s.    4d.  -  00  :  04  :  04 

Wery  Holme.     Mr.  Tho.   Stanwix 00  :  05  :  00 

Botcherby.     Tho.  Musgrave  de  botcherby  p.  tithe  hay      -     00  :  01  :  00 


148 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Mortonscugh  neere  Hutton.     Tho.   Barrow        -        -        -  01  :  09  :  06 

Sawsary.     Mr.   Tully  00  :  01  :  06 

John  Baptist  &  Purific. 

Eocliffe.     Mr.  Edward  Pierson  late  Barwicks     -        -        -  02  :  14  :  00 

Glasgarth.     John  Robson  &  George  Edger  of  Sebraham  00  :  06  :  01* 

Carlilefeild.     Mr.    John   Stanwix 10  :  00  :  00 

Meal  Garner.     Rich.  Kirkbride  Esqr.  of  Ellerton    -        -  10  :  11  :  09 

Meal   Garner.     Idem  in  eodem  modo        -  -        -        -  03  :  00  :  06 

Meal  Garner,     ffrancis  Sisson  of  Asby  in  Westmorld        -  03  :  08  :  00 

Meal  Garner.     Mr.  Whitfeild 03  :  08  :  00 

Meal   Garner.     Barnard  Robinson 03  :  08  :  06 

Meal   Garner.     Mr.    Extetter 03  :  08  :  06 

p  Tith  Hay.     Sissy  Briscoe  Of  Blackell  Widdow       -        -  00  :  02  :  06 

Mr.  Wm.  Barwicke 01  :  08  :  10 

Mr.  Matthew  Cape       -        -        -        -        -  02  :  01  :  69 


Lamas  &   Purific. 

Braithwaithouses.     Mr.   Kirkbride 00  :  03  :  04 

Idem  2s.   Idem  js.   viijd. 00  :  03  :  08 

Harraby  Tyth-Ensigne  Cauffeiid  his  farmer,  Whitso-martin  00  :  10  :  06 
Eang  Garth  &  Cawgarth.     Thomas  Threlkeld  of  Carlisle 

at  Candlemas  only 02  :  01  :  00 

Wethrell  and  Warwick.     Mr.   Howard       -        -        -        -  06  :  13  :  04 

Idem  Eodem 06  :  13  :  04 

Coatehill.     Idem    p    Coathill 01  :  06  :  08 

Thursby  Tennts  at  Whitsontide  &  Lammas        -        -        -  06  :  13  :  04 

Swifthill.     Mr.   George  Barwick  at  Michelmas  only        -  00  :  01  :  06 

Matthew  &  purific. 

Thursby  Vicker.     p  decimis 00  :  12  :  04 

Matthew  &  Mark. 

Proctor  St.  Maries.     Sr.  Henry  ffletcher      -        -        -        -  18  :  13  :  04 

Carlile  Close    Lord  Howard  Michaelmas  only  -        -  00  :  01  :  06 

Carlile  Mill.     Chamberlaine  p.  mills 00  :  10  :  06 

Michaelmas  &  Annuntiacon. 

Little  Banton.     Mrs.  Lowther 02  :  00  :  00 

for  Tenn  :  Bleckell  p  John  Ladiman 00  :  00  :  Oa 

Andrew  &  Purific. 

Eocliff.     Mr.    Gent 01  :  00  :  06 

Stainton   Houghton.     Sr.  Edward   Musgrave     -        -        -  04  :  00  :  06 

Purific.  only. 

Botcherby.     Mr.  John  Agleonby  of  Drawdyke  -        -  02  :  00  :  06 

Tarraby.     Mr.  John  Agleonby 00  :  13  :  04 

Avarisholme.     Idem  p.  Eodem.     P.   Avarisholme      -  00  :  06  :  08 

Botcherby  Tythe  Hay  Idem  for  Botcherby  Tithe  Hay  -  00  :  03  :  04 

Barrickfeild.     Mr.  Edward  ffairfax  &  Easterde  Coldbeck  01  :  04  :  06 


Theophilus   Polewheele  1 49 

p  Tithe  hemp  &  lynt  Thomas  Kidd  of  Carlile  due  Whit. 

&  Mart. 00  :  13  :  04 

p  leeke  &  onions  Idem 00  :  03  :  00 

Ja.    ClafFering,    P.    Hobson,    Henry    Ogle,    Robt.   ffenwick,    Cuth. 
Studholme,  Tho.  Cholmley,  Hen.  Horsley,  John  Ogle,  Tho.  Craister, 
Wm.    Shafto,   Tho.  Langhorne,  Edward   Winter,  Hen.  Dawson,   Lu. 
Rillingworth. 
Exd. 
Ant.  Parsons,  l 

The  following  concerns  Polewheele's  Augmentation :  — 

Carlisle. 

The  like  [Approval]  to  Mr.  Theo.  Polewheele  of  Carlisle  in 
Com.  Cumberland  Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  18th  day  of  May  1655. 
Jo.   Nye  Regr.* 

Carlisle.  July  2.   1655. 

Whereas  the  Comrs  for  propagation  of  the  Gospell  in  the  fower 
Northerne  Counties  of  Cumbland  Northumberland  Westmland 
and  Durham  by  their  ordr  of  the  eighth  of  March  1653  Setled  Mr. 
Theophilus  Poolewheele  Ministr  in  the  city  of  Carlisle  &  graunted 
him  for  his  service  there  the  yearely  Sume  of  iiijli  vjs  &  viijd  out  of 
the  tithes  of  Plumpton  the  yearely  Sume  of  vili  out  of  the  tithes  of 
Westward  the  yearely  Sume  of  ijli  iijs  and  iiijd  out  of  the  tithes  of 
Weary  holme  wthin  the  parish  of  St.  Maries  in  Carlisle  the  yearely 
Sume  of  xijs  out  of  the  tithe  of  Keld  the  yearely  sume  of  ili  xs  out 
of  the  tithes  of  Brathwaite  ye  yearely  Sume  of  vjs  and  viijd  out  of 
the  tithe  of  Ellerton  the  yearely  Sume  of  iiijli  xjs  and  ijd  out  of  the 
tithes  of  Carlisle  feeld  the  yearely  sume  of  ijli  vs  and  vijd  out  of  the 
tithe  of  Calcoate  Banck  the  yearely  sume  of  ijs  and  vid  out  of  the 
tithe  hey  of  St.  Cuthbert's  the  yearely  sume  of  vs  and  iiijd  out  of 
the  tithes  of  Spittle  Crooks  within  the  parish  of  St.  Cuthberts  in 
Carlisle,  the  yearely  sume  of  vs  out  of  the  tithe  hey  of  Wearyholme 
the  yearely  sume  of  js  for  the  tithe  hey  of  a  Tenemt  in  Botcherby 
within  the  parish  of  St.  Cuthberts  in  Carlisle,  the  yearely  Sume  of 
js  and  vjd  of  the  tithe  of  Sawsery  within  the  parish  of  St.  ]\Iaries, 
the  yearely  sume  of  ili  ixs  and  vjd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Morton  within 
the  parish  of  St.  Maries  aforesaid,  the  yearely  sume  of  ijli  xiiijs  out 
of  the  tithe  of  Rockliffe  the  yearely  sume  of  vjs  and  viijd  out  of  the 
tithes  of  Glasgarth  within  the  parish  of  Seberham  the  yearely  sume 
of  tenne  pounds  out  of  the  tithes  of   Carlislefeild  in  St.    Cuthberts 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),   1006. 

2.  Ibid.,  968. 


I50  The   Ejected   of  1662 

parish  in  Carlisle  the  yearely  Sume  of  xiijli  xis  and  ixd  out  of  the 
tithes  of  Meale  Garner  the  further  yearely  Sume  of  xiijli  xis  out  of 
the  said  tithes  of  Meale  Garner  and  the  yearely  Sume  of  ijs  out  of 
the  tithe  hey  of  Blecketwood  within  the  parish  of  St.  Maries  in 
Carlisle  the  yearely  sume  of  iiijli  vis  &  vijd  out  of  the  tithe  of  Briscoe 
within  the  parish  of  St.  Cuthberts  aforsd  ye  yearely  sume  of  vijs 
out  of  Braithwaitehouses  within  the  parish  of  St.  Maries  in  Carlisle 
aforesaid  the  yearely  Sume  of  xs  out  of  the  tithes  of  Harraby  the 
yearely  Sume  of  xiiijli  xiijs  and  iiijd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Wetherall 
and  Warwick  the  yearely  sume  of  vili  xiijs  and  iiijd  out  of  the  tithes 
of  Thursby  and  the  further  yearely  sume  of  xijs  and  iiijd  due  from 
the  vicar  of  Thursby  for  the  tithe  hey  of  Thursby  aforesaid,  the 
yearely  sume  of  js  and  vjd  out  of  the  tithe  of  Swift  Hill,  the  yearely 
sume  of  xviiijli  xiijs  and  iiijd  arising  out  of  the  proctors  office  of  St. 
Maries  in  Carlisle  aforesaid  the  yearely  sume  of  js  out  of  Carlisle 
Close,  the  yearely  sume  of  Tenne  shillings  out  of  the  Mills  in  the 
City  of  Carlisle,  the  yearely  Sume  of  two  pounds  out  of  the  tithes 
of  Little  Banton  the  yearely  Sume  of  eight  pence  for  a  tenement  at 
Blekell  within  the  parish  of  St.  Cuthberts  in  Carlisle,  the  yearely 
Sume  of  one  pound  out  of  the  tithes  of  Rockliffe,  the  yearely  Sume 
of  flower  pounds  out  of  the  tithes  of  Stanton  &  Houghton  within  the 
■  parish  of  Stannix,  the  yearely  sume  of  ijli  iijs  and  iiijd  out  of  the 
tithes  of  Botcherby  within  the  parish  of  St.  Cuthberts  aforesaid,  the 
yearely  Sume  of  one  pound  out  of  the  tithe  of  Tarraby  within  the 
parish  of  Stannix  aforesaid,  the  yearely  sume  of  ili  iiijs  out  of  the 
tithe  of  Barrisfeeld  in  the  parish  of  Heskett  and  the  yearely  sume  of 
xvjs  and  iiijd  out  of  the  tithe  of  hemp  Lint  Leekes  &  Onions  within 
the  parish  of  St.  Maries  in  Carlisle  aforesaid  :  all  within  the  County 
of  Cumberland  It  is  ordered  that  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  said 
Tithes  and  pmisses  respectively  not  exceeding  the  said  Severall  Sumes 
yearely  bee  from  time  to  time  continued  and  paid  unto  the  said  Mr. 
Theophilus  Poolewheele  (approved  &c)  during  his  continuing  Minr 
of  Carlisle  aforesaid  or  farther  ordr  of  these  Trustees  to  comence 
from  his  last  receipt  and  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Receiver  is  hereby 
appted  [appointed]  and  authorized  to  pay  the  same  unto  him  from 
time  to  time  accordingly  Provided  that  the  said  Mr.  Branthwaite  doe 
examine  whether  the  particulers  herein  menconed  are  the  perticulers 
granted  by  the  said  Comrs  before  hee  make  paymt  of  the  same  & 
thereupon  pay  him  lOOli  a  yeare  out  of  ye  same  till  further  ordr  Jo. 
Thorowgood,  Jo.  Humfrey,  Rich.  Sydenham,  Jo.  Pocock,  Edw. 
Cressett,  Ra.  Hall.' 

The  question  arises  as  to  the  precise  position  which 
Theophilus    Polewheele   held    in    Carlisle.     Was   he   the 
1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.  Min.),   972. 


Theophilus   Polewheele  1 5 1 

Lecturer  simply?  Were  the  pulpits  of  the  two  Parish 
Churches  occupied  by  other  men?  That  was  the  usual 
position  of  the  Lecturer.  As  previously  intimated  he  was 
not  intended  to  replace  the  resident  Incumbent  or  Incum- 
bents; but  he  was  simply  to  aiigment  his  labours.  Every- 
thing, however,  points  to  a  somewhat  different  state  of 
things  in  Carlisle.  There  is  not  evidence  to  pronounce 
absolutely;  but  the  probabilities  are  considerable  that 
Polewheele  served  the  two  Parishes.  He  is  referred  to  as 
the  Lecturer  for  both  St.  Mary's  and  St.  Cuthbert's;  and 
the  same  is  said  of  Holdsworth  and  Baldwin,  his  imme- 
diate predecessors.  Not  only  so,  but  in  another  document 
he  is  styled  "  late  Minister  of  both  ye  said  parishes."  ^ 
In  1655,  not  1654,  as  Calamy  says,  Theophilus  Polewheele 
removed  to  Devonshire  being  recommended  for  "  the 
porcns  [portions]  of  Clare  &  Titcombe  in  Tiverton."  ^ 

His  First  Fruits  Composition  for  these  places  is  thus 
given  :  — 

Devon.  July  1658. 

Porcons. 

Theophilus   polewheel   cl. 

Bound  ye  said  Theophilus,  „       ,,,  ,   ■  •  • 

Clare  in  Tiverton  „  xt      ^  ^   n^-  inrst  Nov.  I608     xlviijli 

Henry    Newton   of    iiver-  „        , 

E.  Tidcombe,    ^  r^     ^        p       «         •  ffirst  May  1659      xijs 

ton      Gent.       &      nrancis  „       ,^ 


Thomas  of  ye  same  Gent.  3 


ffirst  Nov.  1659 


From  Tiverton  he  was  ejected  after  the  E-estoration, 
and  in  the  Conventicle  Returns  for  1665-6  it  is  said  that 
he  there  "  keepes  seditious  Conventicles."*  In  1672  he 
licensed  the  house  of  Peter  Bere  of  Tiverton  for  "  Cong  " 
worship,  this  being  one  of  the  earliest  Licenses  issued. 
Calamy  devotes  considerable  space  to  this  distinguished 
man.  ^    A    daughter    married    Stephen    Lobb    "  a    very 

1.  Vide  162.  "  ' 

2.  Lambeth   MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   997. 

3.  Composition  Books  (Record   Office),  vol.   22. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.   639. 

5.  Calamy,  vols,  ii,  p.  239 ;  lii,  p.  260. 


152  The   Ejected   of  1662 

eminent  Divine   of   tlie   Independent   denomination "   at 
Fetter  Lane,  London,  towards  the  end  of  the  17th  Century.^ 
In    reference  to   what    followed    Chancellor    Ferguson 
says : — 

In  1655  Mr.  Timothy  Tullie  preached  the  Election  sermon,  and 
so  probably  succeeded  as  Lecturer.  But  in  that  year  also  occurred 
the  "Vacancy  of  Ministers"  :  the  few  remaining  Episcopalians  were 
everywhere  ejected,  and  the  ministers  of  the  two  Carlisle  churches 
went,  for  we  have  the  record  of  the  election  of  their  successors  and 
of  the  great  preaching  contest  which  took  place  between  the  candi- 
dates for  the  vacant  berths  in  December,  1655,  and  the  following 
January.  2 

It  is  impossible  to  accept  that  as  a  correct  view  of  the 
case.  The  "  Vacancy  "  would  be  caused  by  the  removal 
of  Theophilus  Polewheele,  and  not  by  the  ejection  of  the 
"  few  remaining  Episcopalians,"  of  which  there  is  no 
evidence.  Nor  is  it  appropriate  to  speak  of  what  followed 
as  a  "  preaching  contest."  In  all  probability  most  of  the 
preachers,  whose  names  are  here  appended,  were  simply 
"  pulpit  supplies." 

December  ye   16th  1655. 

A  note  ffor  the  Ministers  charges  when  they  preached  here  in  the 
time   of   the   Vacancy  of   Ministers  : — 

ffor  the  Ministers,  Mr.  Studholme  and  myne  own  charges  at 
Keswicke  01  :  09  :  09. 

Dec.  24.  Item  paid  to  Mr.  Craister'  for  his  charges  to  London, 
10  : 00  :  00. 

Itm.  pd  for  Mr.  Caves  4  charges  at  Edward  James  GO  :  05  :  00. 
[For  James  vide  p.  156.] 

Itm  paid  for  wine  and  beare  when  Mr.  Tully  and  INIr.  Starr  and 
others  came  to  Towne  00  :  12  :  04. 

Itm  paid  for  Sacke  &  beare  bestowed  on  Mr.   Tomer  6  00  :  04  :  08. 

1.  Wilson's  "Dissenting  Churches,"  etc.,  vol.  iii,  pp.  142,  436. 

2.  "The  Lectureship,"  etc.,  p.  317. 

3.  Thomas  Craister,  Mayor  of  Carlisle.     He  and  Cuthbert  Studholme 
were  Magistrates. 

4.  James  Cave,  Ejected  Minister  of  Thornthwaite,  vide  p.  660.  * 

5.  Thomas  Turner,  of  Crosby  and  Stanwix.     Ejected  from  Torpenhow, 
vide  pp.  191,  201,  581. 


Pulpit   Supplies  1 5 . 


Jan.  7th.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Larkim's  i  charges  at  Edw.  Craisters 
00  :  05  :  04. 

14.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Benson  2  at  Edward  Craister  00  :  04  :  03. 

21.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  flallowfield  3  and  his  man  at  Mrs.  Monks 
00  :  07  :  06. 

28.     Item  pd  for  Mr.  Warwicke  4  at  Robt.  Colyers  00  :  03  :  00. 

ffebr.  4.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Harrison  5  and  an  other  at  Ed.  Craister 
00  :  05  :  00. 

11.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Ardrey  6  and  his  man  at  Mr.  Pattinsons 
00  :  09  :  06. 

18.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Gilpin  7  and  his  man  at  Edward  James 
00  : 10  :  06. 

Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Tomlinson  [Corporation  Official]  for  his  charges  to 
Penrith  00  :  01  :  00. 

Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Croxile  8  horse  charges  00  :  01  :  08. 

March  3.  Itm  paid  for  Mr.  Jackson  9  at  Edward  James 
00  :  06  :  09. 

March  10th.  Itm  pd  ffor  Mr.  TibbaldslO  at  Edward  James 
00  :  06  :  08. 

March  17.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Davis  n  at  Edw.  Craister's  00  :  07  :  06. 

31.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Grainger  12  at  George  Martin's  00  :  02  :  06. 

April  8.  Itm  pd  to  Ralph  Beckwth  for  Ires  [letters]  to  Mr.  Starr 
00  : 00  :  09. 

April  14.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Newton  13  at  Mrs.  Monks  00  :  03  :  09. 

21.     Itm  pd   for  Mr.  Macmilion  W  at  Edw.  James  00  :  05  :  02. 
28.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  if orwath  15  at  Edw.  Craisters  00  :  05  :  02. 

1.  George  Larkham,  Ejected  Minister  of  Cockermouth,  vide  p.  684. 

2.  George  Benson,  Ejected  Minister  of  Bridekirk,  vide  p.  709. 

3.  Henry  Fallowfield,  of  Uldale,  vide  p.  555. 

4.  Thomas  Warwick,  possibly  of  Aspatria,  vide  p.  643. 

5.  John  Harrison,  probably  the  Ireby  Minister,  vide  p.  559. 

6.  William   Ardrey    of    Bassenthwaite    or   John  Ardrey    of    Cliburn, 
vide  pp.  673,  1243. 

7.  Richard  Gilpin,  ejected  from  Greystoke,  vide  p.  459. 

8.  Randolph  Croxall  of  Kirkland,  vide  p.  393. 

9.  John  Jackson,  probablv  of  Hutton-in-the- Forest ;  or  Peter  Jackson 
of  Castle  Sowerby,  vide  pp.  488,  495. 

10.  George  Tibbold  of  Skelton  and  Great  Asby,  vide  pp.  481,  1113. 

11.  John  Davis,  doubtless,  of  Kirkoswald,  vide  p.  334. 

12.  William  Grainger  of  Brcmfield,  vide  p.  638. 

13.  Possibly  Samuel  Newton,   ejected   from  Rivington,  LaJicashire. 

14.  John  Macmillan  of  Edenhall,  vide  p.  441. 

15.  John  Forward,  probably,  of  Boltongate,  vide  p.  565. 


154  The   Ejected   of  1662 

May  12.  Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Hamilton  i  and  his  man  charges  at 
Mr.   Pattinson  00  :  05  :  08. 

19.     Item  pd  for  Mr.   Courtney  2  at  Mrs.  Menkes  00  :  05  :  04 

26th.     Itm  pd  for  Mr.  Bumand   3  at  Mrs.  Menkes  00  :  05  :  04. 

Itm  pd  for  Lres  going  to  Mr.  Starr  [Comfort  Starr]  00  :  02  :  06. 

June  2.     Item  pd  for  Mr.  Wood  *  at  Edward  James  00  :  04  :  00. 

Item  pd  to  Mr.  Sewell  for  Ires  to  Mr.  Bramphwhaite  °  00  :  06  :  04. 

May  26.  Item  pd  for  wine  and  sacke  bestowed  upon  the  ministers 
00  :  03  :  00. 

The  two  men  appointed  were  Timothy  Tullie  and 
Comfort  Starr,  the  former  to  St.  Mary's  and  the  latter  to 
St.  Cuthbert's.  The  State  Papers  let  in  considerable 
light  upon  the  character  and  policy  of  many  of  the  prin- 
cipal men  in  the  City  at  this  time,  showing  that  the  so- 
called  "  Malignant "  party  were  far  from  being  the 
suppressed  party  they  are  commonly  represented  to  have 
been.  Cuthbert  Studholme  petitioned  the  Protector  on 
January  17,  1655-6  stating  that  the  City  was  governed 
by  a  "mayor,  11  aldermen  and  24  citizens" ;  that  all  the 
Aldermen  served  against  Parliament  before  1647  and 
were  ejected  except  E-ich.  Barwise  along  with  some  of  the 
more  active  citizens;  but  that  the  rest  were  retained  in 
the  hope  that  they  would  change  their  principles  and 
comply  at  least  outwardly.  "  Since  the  Act  of  Oblivion," 
he  continues,  "  Peter  Norman  has  animated  the  Malig- 
nants  and  these  elected  him  Mayor  in  1654,  and  again  for 
this  year  since  which  time  efforts  at  public  good  have  been 
fruitless."  The  articles  against  Norman  were  that  he 
joined  the  King's  party;  opposed  the  reformation  of  ale- 
houses; secured  election  for  the  disaffected  Aldermen; 
and  countenanced  Thos.  Musgrave  a  "  Malignant  School- 
master and  opposed  a  pious  one  settled  there  (Dec.  26, 

1.  John  Hamilton  of  Kirkbride  and  Thursby,  vide  pp.  597,  536. 

2.  Thomas  Courtney,  ejected  from  Kirkandrews-on-Esk,  vide  p.  297. 

3.  Nathaniel  Bumand,  ejected  from  Brampton,  vide  p.  255. 

4.  —  Wood,  not  identified.     Not  certain  whether  should  be  Wood 
or  Ward. 

5.  Edmund  Branthwaite,  Treasurer  for  the  County,  vide  p.  1083. 


Illuminating   Documents  155 

1655)."      Instructions  were  given  to  remove   disaffected 
persons  and  carry  out  the  order  of  September  21,  1655.^ 
The  following  also  is  illuminating  :  — 

A  certificate  of  the  well  affected  of  the  Citty  of  Carlile  on  the 
behalfe  of  Isaac  Tullie  and   Edward  James. 

Wee  whose  names  are  under  written,  do  certifie  That  wee  know  & 
have  taken  notice  of  the  Petrs  [Petitioner^  since  the  yeare  1648,  to 
be  such  as  have  walked  unblameablely,  lived  peaceablely ;  and  their 
Godly  and  Religious  Conversation  have  clearely  and  convinceingly, 
evidenced  to  us,  not  onely  (as  good  Chrestians)  their  piety  to  god- 
warde,  but  also  (as  good  Subjects)  their  fidelity  to  the  psent  Govermt, 
and  it  doth  clearely  appeare  to  us  that  the  informrs  have  prosecuted 
them  meerely  upon  malice  Upon  the  account  of  honest  and  faithfull 
men  (what  ever  other  grounds  they  may  prtend  to  lay  their  informa- 
cons  upon)  And  although  the  mformers  have  onely  publiquely  appeared 
agt  them,  yet  wee  verily  beleive  and  some  of  us  assuredly  know, 
that  they  were  advised  unto,  and  put  upon  that  businesse  by  & 
through  the  encuragment  of  Severall  mallignant  and  disaffected  psons, 
amongst  us  endeavouring  thereby  not  onely  the  ejectment  of  the 
petrs,  but  also  to  make  that  a  p'sident  of  discouragmt  to  others  from 
whom  wee  might  (through  the  blessing  of  God)  expect  the  like 
conversion,  being  apparent  to  us,  that  because  the  petrs  have  wholely 
and  altogether  deserted  the  mallignant  party  &  interest,  and  given 
such  Sattesfaction  concerning  their  good  affection  to  the  psent  power, 
therefore  the  informrs  and  the  mallignant  party  through  them  have 
malHciously  appeared  against  the  petrs  maskeing  their  mallignant 
designe  under  cullour  of  the  late  declaration,  that  so  they  might 
walke  the  more  obscurely,  act  the  more  insensibly,  and  by  so  faire 
a  p'tence,  might  with  more  facillity  acomplish  their  designe,  and  so 
by  this  meanes  over  throw  and  subvert  the  true  intent  and  meaneing 
of  his  Highnesse  Declaration,  endeavoring  to  make  that  wch  was 
p'incipally  intended  to  the  discouragmt  weakening  and  subvertion  of 
the  mallignant  partye  and  interest,  and  to  the  encouragmt  strength- 
enijig  and  Securement  of  the  well  affected,  to  produce  the  contrary 
effects,  contrary  to  the  intent  and  purport  of  the  aforesd  Declaration, 
.  and  contrary  to  the  primary  intention  of  his  Highnesse  and  Councell 
in  the  makeing  thereoff.  Wherefore  knowing  the  pmisses  to  be  as 
afforesd  wee  held  it  our  Duty,  &  conceived  or  selves  obliged  to  give 
yor  Honr  Sattisfaction  in  this  matter,  and  to  desire  the  petHionrs  may 
have  yor  Honnrs  assistance  &  encouragemt  to  tlie  retaineing  of  their 
places  and  imployments,  as  also  to  the  discouragmt  of  mallignant  & 
disaffected  psons  from  things  of  the  like  nature. 

1.  Cal.   S.P.   Dom.  for  1655-6,  pp.   118,  121,  122. 


156  The   Ejected   of  1662 


Tho.  Craister,  Tho.  Sewell,  Cuth.  Studholme,  Thomas  Turner, 
Schoolemaster,  Willm  James,  John  Robinson,  Antho.  Craister, 
ffrancis  Woods,  Pet.  Todd,  Thomas  Dixon,  Thomas  Brisco,  Richard 
Scott,  Isaac  Millnr,  Rob.  James,  William  Langshaw,  William  Briscoe, 
Tho.  Holme. 

The   names   of   some   Majistrates   off   Carlisle  whoe   forbore  acting 
upon  his  highnes  proclamation. 
Isacke  Tully  alderman. 

A  godly  man  for  whom  ye  good  party  of  ye  Towne  of  Carlyle  hath 
Certifyed. 
Edward  James,   Common  Coimsell  Man. 

A  godly  man  approven  also  by  ye  sd  good  ptie  mentioned  in  the 
Certificate  anexed. 
Richard  Moncke,  Comon  Councell  Man. 

An  ingenious  younge  man  in  ye  time  of  danger  a  Complyer  wth  ye 
Parliamts  partye,  what  was  done  Agst  us  was  done  by  Com- 
pulsione  hath   since   Caried  himself  well. 
John  Harrison,  Comon  Counsell  Man. 

Hee  was  under  age  And  an  apprentice  when   he  acted   Agst   us, 
but   since   hath   carried   himselfe   well. 
John  Robbinson,   Comon  Counsell  Man. 

He  was  imprisoned   before  he  did  anythinge,  and  now  is  Looked 
upon  as  a  Godly  man. 
Robert  Jackson,  Comon  Counsell  Man. 

He  was  Compelled  to  act  what  he  did  for  ye  Enymie — hee  since 

hath  Testiffied  his  affectione  to  us. 
This  is  ye  Accompt  that  1  receaved  when  I  was  at  Carlile  from  ye 
godly  partye  there  And  therefore  it  is  desired  that  they  may  Act  as 
formerly. 

CH.    HOWARD. 
[Endorsed  behind] 

Concerning  ye  Magistracy  Ord.  &  Ref.  3  Ap.  1656. 

Thursday,  3  Aprill  1656. 

Upon  reading  a  certificate  from  Sevall  Welaffected  psns  in  the 
Citty  of  Carlisle  on  behalfe  of  Isaac  Tully,  Alderman  of  the  Said 
Citty,  and  Edwd  James,  Comon  Counsell  man,  these  testyfying  their 
godly  Conversation  and  good  affection  to  the  psent  Governmt  Ordered 
by  his  Highness  ye  Lord  Protector  and  the  Councell  That  the  said 
Isaac  Tully  and  Edwd  James  be  Contynued  in  their  respective  offices 
and  places  of  Alderman  and  Comon  Councellman  in  the  said  Citty 
and  that  they  doe  Act  accordingly  notwthstanding  his  Highness  Late 
Proclamacon  and  that  the  Major  Genii  there  take  notice  thereof. 

Upon  reading  a  paper  from  Col.  Howard  Depty  Major  Genii  for 
some  of  the   Northerne  Countyes  on  behalfe  of  Rich   Monke,   John 


Timothy   TuUie  157 

Harison,  John  Robinson  and  Robert  Jackson,  Comon  Counsel!  men 
of  the  Citty  of  Carlisle  to  be  Contynued  in  their  respective  places 
being  at  present  suspended  upon  the  late  Proclamation  Ordered  That 
it  be  referred  back  to  the  said  Col.  Howard  to  advise  wth  the 
honest  Godly  and  welafected  people  of  the  said  Citty  and  if  thereupon 
they  shall  think  it  fitt  and  necessary  for  the  good  of  the  Towne  that 
ye  said  psns  be  contynued  in  their  sd  Offices  and  places  that  then 
he  doe  pmitt  them  to  Act  therein  notwthstanding  the  said  procla- 
macon.  i 


Timothy  Tullie,  M.A.,  1656. 

He  received  the  St.  Mary's  appointment  and  was  the 
son  of  George  Tullie  of  Carlisle,  by  his  wife,  Thomazine 
Heckstetter.  She  belonged  to  the  Heckstetters  of  Kes- 
wick, her  marriage  with  George  Tullie  taking  place  at 
Crosthwaite  in  1613.  Timothy  Tullie  matriculated  at 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  November  21,  1628,  at  the  age 
of  15  years.  He  took  his  B.A.  October  25,  1632  (incor- 
porated, Cambridge,  1633),  M.A.  June  16,  1635,^  and 
became  Rector  of  Cliburn  in  1639,  having  charge  of 
Milburn  also.  In  1641  he  received  the  sum  of  £1  0  0  for 
preaching  a  mayoral  election  Sermon  at  Carlisle.  A 
younger  brother,  Thomas,  graduated  M.A.  in  the  same 
University,  subsequently  became  D.D.,^  was  Rector  of 
Grittleton  in  Wilts,  in  1658,  and  compounded  in  that  year 
for  his  First  Fruits  as  witness  the  following :  — 

May  1658. 
Gritleton.         Thomas  Tully   CI.   Bound  p.  manibus      xijl  xiiis 

Wilts.  R.  Humphrey    Robbinson    of  ffirst  Oct.  1658 

ye    pish    of    St.     ffaithes  ffirst  Apr.  1659 

Staconer  &  Thomas  Yonge  ffirst  Oct.  1659 
of  ye   same   Staconer.  4 

Thomas  Tullie  held  Grittleton  along  with  the  Principal- 
ship  of  St.  Edmund  Hall,  and  a  threatened  breach  in  Sir 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.,  I.  77,  p.  21. 

2.  AI.  Ox. 

3.  Ibid. 

4.  Composition  Books  (Record  Office),  vol.  22. 


158'  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Joseph  Williamson's  friendship  drew  forth  the  following 

somewhat  obsequious  letter  :  — 

My  good  Friend  (for  so  I  hope  you  are  still). 

Since  my  returne  out  of  ye  Countrie  I  have  been  so  employed  in 
settling  some  matters  of  concernment  here  by  occasion  of  our  late 
Butler's  decease  (who  has  left  things  in  some  disorder  and  entangle- 
ment), that  I  have  hitherto  wanted  a  convenient  opportunitie  to 
wait  upon  you  (though  I  have  exceedinglie  desir'd  it)  &  besides  1 
know  your  hours  are  precious. 

To  shorten  the  trouble  of  the  paper  what  I  can,  give  me  leave  to 
expresse  my  great  unhappinesse,  that  having  so  long  enioyed  the 
honour  of  you  reall  heartie  friendship  (which  I  ever  plac'd  amongst 
the  bounties  of  your  obliging  nature,  not  your  debts)  I  should  on  a 
sudden  be  struck  to  ye  heart  (I'm  sure  the  wounds  no  Jesse)  with  the 
report  and  sense  of  your  displeasure.  Good  Sr  be  not  offended  at  ye 
question,  qua  merui  culpam?  It  must  certainlie  not  onlie  be  a  fault, 
but  in  your  account  a  verie  great  one  which  calls  for  this  severitie  to 
an  old  acquaintance,  and  (I  blesse  God  I  can  speake  it  heartilie)  to 
one  that  never  in  his  life  had  either  an  unkind  or  a  disrespectful 
thought  of  you  to  this  day — utinamque  oculos  in  pectora  posses  inserere. 
I  write  this  Sr  with  some  passion  (I  mean  of  griefe,  wch  runs  over 
at  my  eyes,  as  well  as  at  my  pen).  Deare  Sr,  in  short  one  thing 
troubles  me  most,  that  you  should  looke  upon  me  as  an  ungrateful! 
person,  for  heu  omnia  dixti.  I  hope  I  hate  that  monster  of  vices, 
and  shall  wait  your  leisure  with  all  thankfulnesse,  might  I  but  know 
you  would  some  time  afford  me  the  libertie  to  receive  your  instruc- 
tions in  that  particr.  As  for  Mr.  Prov,  I  am  sorrie  you  should  suspect 
he  has  any  such  influence  upon  me,  which  I  hope  shall  never  be 
allowed  by  me  to  any  creature  upon  earth.  Our  acquaintance  you 
know  is  not  of  yesterday's  date  :  He  has  bin  alwaies  kind  &  civill 
to  me,  &  I  need  not  tell  you  that  that  religion  which  binds  me  to 
love  my  enemyes,  is  far  from  obliging  me  to  qarrell  with  my  friends. 
If  indeed  I  had  ever  since  I  knew  him  done  ye  least  ill  office  in  word 
or  deed  to  any  he  has  not  (to  my  griefe)  the  like  favour  for  I  should 
snatch  the  hot  iron  out  of  my  worst  enemies  hand  (if  any  such  I 
have)  to  brand  my  selfe  withall ;  but  of  anie  such  iniquitie  I  trust 
God  &  my  own  Conscience  will  acquitt  me.  Dear  Sr  I  give  you  too 
much  trouble,  but  indeed  in  regard  to  ye  holie  time  approaching  (when 
I  purpose  God  willing  to  receive  ye  Sacrt)  I  thought  it  expedient  to 
indeavour  your  satisfaction  in  this  (to  me  verie  unexpected  &  most 
unhappy)  business,  assuring  you  that  however  you  may  have  mistaken 
me  or  I  may  have  been  misrepresented  to  you  by  others,  I  am  ever 
(what  your  merit  that  made  me) 

Your  most  reall  friend  &  affectionatelie  humble  servt, 

T.  TULLIE. 


Comfort   Starr  1 59 

10  ber  23. 

Would  to  God  Sr  I  knew  when  I  might  wait  upon  you  with  ye 
least  trouble  to  you  for  one  minute  of  private  discourse  with  you. 

To  my  bond  friend  Joseph  Williamson  Esqr.  at  Court  [in  pencil, 
"1665  Dec.  23"].^ 

Thomas  Tullie  was  Dean  of  Ripon  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  took  place  January  14,  1675-6.  Isaac  Tullie, 
previously  named  as  the  youthful  historian  of  the  Siege 
of  Carlisle,  was  also  brother  to  Timothy,  being  Mayor  of 
the  City  at  the  time  of  the  Restoration.  The  Tullie 
House  Library,  in  Carlisle,  is  an  abiding  memorial  of  the 
importance  and  influence  of  the  family. 

Comfort  Stake,  M.A.,  1656. 

He  was  appointed  to  St.  Cuthbert's  and  respecting  him 
Calamy  says :  — 

CARLISLE  :  Mr.  Comfort  Starr.  He  was  born  at  Ashford  in 
Kent  where  his  Father  was  Physician.  He  was  Educated  in  New- 
England  where  in  1647  he  took  the  Degree  of  M.A.  and  was  some 
time  Fellow  of  Harvard  College.  He  was  Ejected  from  this  place 
[Carlisle] ;  and  afterwards  perform'd  laborious  Service  in  several 
places  in  the  County  of  Kent ;  and  was  at  last  Pastor  of  a  Church 
at  Lewes  in  Sussex,  where  he  died  October  the  30th  1711,  In  the 
87th  Year  of  his  Age.2 

Starr  was  not  an  uncommon  family  name  in  Puritan 
circles,  especially  in  Kent  and  Devon.  Thomas  Starr  of 
Canterbury,  yeoman,  and  Susan  his  wife,  with  one  child 
took  passage  from  Sandwich  for  the  New  World  shortly 
before  June  1637.^  Joy  Starr  was  one  of  the  Churchwardens 
of  Ashford  Church,  Kent,  in  1644,  and  with  his  brother 
warden  he  removed  the  altar  from  the  Parish  Church.  On 
March  3rd,  1657,  "some  differences  having  arisen  between 
Brother  Reinolds  and  Brother  Starr  "  in  relation  to  the 
accounts    of    the    Church    then    assembling   in    Dancing 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II.  vol.  139,  fol.  100. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  150 ;  vol.  iii,  p.  226. 

3.  Boys's  "  History  of  Sandwich,"  p.  752. 


i6o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

House  Yard,  Canterbury,  the  Church  considered  the 
matter,  and  the  record  proceeds  "  that  Brother  Starr  had 
in  him  very  much  of  that  wch  was  the  root  of  all  evill — 
the  love  of  money — and  that  thence  proceeded  the  evill 
of  his  carriage  in  the  case."  On  September  7th,  1658,  it 
is  stated  in  the  Church  Book  that  "  Or  [our]  Brother  Starr 
declared  his  sorrow  and  repentance  for  the  offence  of  wch 
hee  was  formerly  admonished,  and  the  church  was  recon- 
ciled to  him."  Richard  Starr's  name  was  appended  to  an 
application  by  a  "  Church  of  Christ "  in  Exeter,  in  1672, 
that  one  "  Mr.  Lewes  Stuckley  be  allowed  to  be  or  [our] 
Teacher."  Thomas  Bernard  Starr,  who  was  a  Noncon- 
formist Minister,  at  Topsham  in  Devonshire,  was  on 
August  25th,  1687,  ordained  with  seven  others  at  Lyme. 
Thomas  Starr,  in  1672,  signed  a  memorial  of  thanks  for  the 
Declaration  of  Indulgence  from  "  a  licensed  Congregation 
in  Dartmouth,"  Devon. 

The  following  inscription  on  a  black  marble  tablet 
placed  in  St.  Dunstan's  Church,  Cranbrook,  Kent,  in  1909, 
in  memory  of  Dr.  Comfort  Starr,  father  of  Comfort  Starr 
of  Carlisle,  contains  some  interesting  information :  — 

In  memory  of  Dr.  Comfort  Starr,  baptized  in  Cranbrook  Church, 
6th  July,  1589.  A  warden  of  St.  Mary's  Ashford,  Kent,  1631.  Sailed 
from  Sandwich  for  New  England,  1635.  One  of  the  earliest  benefac- 
tors of  Harvard,  the  first  college  in  America,  1638,  of  which  his  son, 
Comfort,  was  one  of  the  Incorporators,  1650.  Died  at  Boston,  New 
England,  2nd  January,  1659.  A  distinguished  surgeon,  eminent  for 
Christian  character.     Erected  by  his  American  descendants,    1909. 

The  entry  on  the  "  Register  of  those  who  sailed  from 
Sandwich  in  the  "  Hercules  "  in  March,  1634/5,  gives  :  — 

"  Comfort  Starre  of  Ashford,  chirurgion,  with  three 
children  and  three  servants."  Those  signing  his  Certi- 
ficate, and  testifying  that  he  was  "  in  conformity  to  the 
orders  and  discipline  of  the  church,  and  that  he  had  taken 
the  oath  of  allegiance  and  supremacy"  were  "Edm.  Hayes, 
Yicar  of  Ashford,  21  Mar.,  1634,  Jno.  Honnywood,  Tho. 
Godfrey,  Justices."  It  will  be  noted  that  no  mention  is 
made  of  his  wife,  neither  is  he  described  as  a  widower. 


Comfort   Starr  i6i 

Comfort  Starr  would  be  only  some  ten  years  old  when 
he  crossed  the  Atlantic,  and  in  the  University  of  which 
his  father  was  a  benefactor,  he  became  a  distinguished 
scholar.  In  his  "  Magnalia"  Cotton  Mather  gives  a  list  of 
Harvard  students  in  which  appears  the  following :  — 

1647  Consolantius  Starr.     M.  Socius.^ 

How  he  came  to  be  introduced  to  the  Church  at 
Carlisle  we  have  no  means  of  knowing;  and  at  the  time 
of  his  appointment  he  would  be  about  31  years  of  age. 
The  Cockermouth  Church  Book  notes  the  baptism  of 
"  Comfort  ye  son  of  Comfort  Starr,"  and  "  Hannah  ye 
da.  of  Alex.  Auvelins,"  at  Carlisle,  by  George  Larkham, 
on  May  28th,  1657 ;  and  it  appears  that  Comfort  Starr's 
wife,  "  Grace,"  was  a  member  of  the  Cockermouth  Church. 
In  the  Church  Book  appears  a  note  of  her  dismissal. 
Whether  she  belonged  to  the  Cockermouth  district  is  not 
clear. 

Comfort  Starr  was  of  the  "  Congregational  way." 
George  Larkham,  in  the  Cockermouth  Church  Book,  under 
date  September,  1658,  refers  to  a  "  letter  being  sent  to 
ye  church  at  Carlisle  from  Mr.  Griffith,  PastDr  of  a 
Church  in  London,  appointed  to  write  to  ye  churches  in 
the  country  by  the  churches  in  &  about  London,  for  a 
generall  meeting  of  the  churches  in  England  of  ye 
Congregaonall  way  at  the  Savoy  in  London  the  29th  of 
ye  same  month,  to  draw  vip  a  confession  of  their  faith, 
&  declaraon  of  their  order  &c."  Some  of  the  replies  to 
Mr.  Griffith's  letter  have  been  preserved  in  Peck's  "Desid- 
erata Curiosa,"  and  among  them  is  Comfort  Starr's,  the 
only  one  for  the  area  with  which  we  are  concerned.  It  is 
as  follows  :  — 

Comfort  Starr  of  Carlisle  to  the  same  [Henry  Scobell] ;  signifying 
his  Receipt  of  Mr.   George   Griffith's  Letter.     Dated   1.   Sept.    1658. 
An  original  (once  Mr.  Oudart's)  now  in  the  Hands  of  the  Editor. 
"Sir  Sep.,  1658.  10.  c.  U. 

There  came  to  my   Hands  by  the  last  Post,   a  Letter  which   Mr. 

1.  Book  iv,  p.    136. 

L 


1 62  The   Ejected   of  1662 

George  Griffith  wrote  to  mee  in  the  Name  &  by  the  Appointment  of 
the  Congregational  Elders  in  &  about  London.  This  much  I  am 
desired  by  the  first  opportunity  to  signify  unto  you ;  which  accordingly 
being,  done,  1  shall  (without  further  troubling  of  you)  take  Leave  & 
Subscribe  my  Selfe  as  I  am 

Sir    Your  Worships  himible  Servant     Comfort  Starr. 
Carlisle  Sept  1. 
MDCLVm. 

For  the  Worshipfull  Henry  Scobell  Esq.  Clerk  of  the  Countell  at 
Whitehall  :  These,  London." 

[The  Seal,  a  PhcEnix  burning  in  her  nest.]l 

The  Church,  at  Cockermouth  "  did  make  choice  of  their 
Pastour  to  go  there  as  a  Messenger,  who  began  his  iourney 
Sept.  20."  George  Larkham  probably  sufficed  for  the 
district  in  the  important  gathering. 

The  following  documents  give  a  full  and  continuous 
story  of  events  in  Carlisle,  up  to  the  time  of  the 
Restoration,   which  led  to  such  large   changes :  — 

Maries  & 
Cuthberts  in 

Carlisle.  January  11.   1655. 

Upon  Consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  the  parishioners  of  the 
Severall  parishes  of  Maryes  &  Cuthberts  within  and  without  the  city 
of  Carlisle  &  of  the  Severall  Chappelryes  thereto  belonging  &  of  the 
allowance  of  one  hundred  &  twenty  poundes  a  yeare  alleadged  to  bee 
granted  by  the  Comrs  for  propagating  the  Gospell  to  Mr.  Polewheele 
late  Minister  of  both  ye  said  parishes  In  regard  there  is  noe  other 
maintennce  to  the  ^linrs  of  the  said  Churches  belonging  the  same 
being  from  tyme  to  tyme  supplyed  by  the  Deane  and  prebends  of 
Carlisle  aforesaid  Ordered  that  in  Case  it  shall  appeare  upon  report 
from  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr.  of  the  State  of  the  Revenue  of 
that  County  &  how  the  same  stands  charged  and  that  forty  poundes 
a  yeare  may  bee  Advanced  over  and  above  the  said  one  hundred  & 
twenty  poundes  a  yeare  for  the  maintennce  of  the  Ministrs  of  the  said 
Towne  the  Trustees  will  take  into  Consideracon  the  setling  of  Mr. 
Timothy  Tully  Min^str  of  St.  Maryes  &  Mr.  Comfort  Starre  Minr  of 
St.  Cuthberts  &  of  eight  score  poundes  a  yeare  for  their  maintennce 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri.  Sydenham  Jo.  Pocock  Edw.  Hopkins  Ri.  Yong.2 

1.  Vol.  ii,  Liber  xiii,  p.  29. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  1008. 


Comfort   Starr  163 

Carlisle.  April  22.  1656. 

Ordered  that  Mr.  Timothy  Tully  and  Mr.  Comfort  Starre  bee  setled 
Ministrs  in  the  parishes  of  St.  Cuthberts  &  St.  Maries  in  the  City  of 
Carlisle  with  the  Chappells  thereto  belonging  And  that  the  yearely 
Sume  of  ffower  score  poundes  a  peice  bee  setled  upon  them  for 
increase  of  their  jNIaintennce  during  theire  Continuance  there  upon 
theire  producing  Certificates  of  theire  respective  Approbacons  from 
the  Comrs  for  Approbacon  of  publique  preachers. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Jo.   Humfrey  Jo.  Pocock.  1 

Cuthberts  in 

Carlisle.  April  24.  1656. 

Whereas  the  Rectories  of  the  pish  Churches  of  Maries  &  Cuthberts 
wthin  the  City  of  Carlisle  being  impropriat«  to  the  late  Deane  & 
Chapter  ot  Carlisle  the  cures  of  the  said  Churches  were  under  the 
care  &  provision  of  the  said  Deane  &  Chapter  there  being  foure 
Chappelries  thereunto  Belonging  &  the  said  City  pishes  and  Chappel- 
ries  are  now  destitute  of  any  Minister  It  is  ordered  That  Timothy 
Tully  a  godly  &  Painefull  preacher  of  the  Gospell  be  &  he  is  hereby 
appointed  Minister  of  the  said  pish  Church  of  Cuthberts  &  yt  he  take 
care  of  the  cure  thereof  by  preaching  &  diligently  instructing  the 
pishioners  of  the  said  pish  &  the  Chappelries  thereof  &  yt  he  shall 
have  for  his  said  Service  all  ffees,  Salaries,  Stipends  &  Allowances  to 
the  Minister  of  the  said  Church  due  or  of  right  accustomed.  And  it 
is  further  ordered  that  ye  yearely  sume  of  fourscore  pounds  be  from 
time  to  time  paid  unto  the  said  ilr.  Tully  (approved  according  to  the 
Ordinance  for  Approbacon  of  publique  preachers)  out  of  the  rents  & 
profitts  hereafter  menconed  (vizt)  the  yearely  sume  of  Eight  poundes 
iijs  &  ixd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Meal  Garner  the  further  yrly  sume  of  iiijli 
viiijs  &  vijd  out  of  the  tithe  of  hay  of  Meal  Garner  the  further  jrrly 
sume  of  vijs  out  of  Braithwaite  houses  wthin  the  pish  of  St.  Maries  in 
Carlisle  aforesaid  the  further  yrly  sume  of  10s  out  of  tithe  of  Harraby 
the  further  yrly  Sume  of  ijli  js  out  of  the  tithes  of  King  Garth  &  Caw 
Garth  the  further  yrly  sume  of  jli  vis  &  viijd  out  of  the  tithes  of 
Coate  hill  the  further  yrly  sume  of  vjli  xiijs  &  iiijd  out  of  the  tithes  of 
Thursby  the  further  yrly  sume  of  js  &  vjd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Swift 
hill,  the  yrly  tenth  of  xijs  &  iiijd  issuing  out  of  the  viccarage  of 
Thursby  the  further  yrly  Sume  of  xviijli  xiijs  &  iiijd  arising  out  of 
the  Proctors  office  of  St.  Maries  in  Carlisle  aforesaid  the  further  yrly 
sume  of  js  out  of  ye  tithe  of  Carlisle  close  the  further  yrly  Sume  of 
10s  out  of  the  Mills  wthin  the  City  of  Carlisle,  the  further  yrly  sume 
of  ijli  out  of  the  tithes  of  Little  Banton  the  yrly  Sume  of  8d  for  a 
tenemt  at  Bleckett  wthin  the  pish  of  St  Cuthberts  in  Carlisle  the 
further  yrly  sume  of  jli  out  of  ye  tithe  of  Rocliffe  the  further  yrly 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  972. 


1 64  The   Ejected    of  1662 

sume  of  iijjli  out  of  the  tithes  of  Stainton  Houghton,  the  further  yrfy 
sume  of  ijli  out  of  the  tithes  of  Botcherby  the  further  yrly  sume  of 
viijs  &  iiijd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Tarraby  the  further  yrly  Sume  of  vjs 
&  viijd  out  of  the  tithes  of  Avaresholme,  the  further  yrly  sume  of  iijs 
&  iiijd  out  of  the  tithe  hay  of  Botcherby  the  further  yrly  Sume  of  one 
pound  iiijs  out  of  the  tithe  of  Barrisfeild  the  further  yrly  sume  of 
xvjs  &  iiijd  out  of  the  tithe  of  hemp  Lynt  Leeks  &  Onions  of  Barris- 
feeld  all  wthin  the  County  of  Cumberland  &  the  further  yrly  Sume  of 
foure  &  twenty  poundes  vijs  &  ijd  out  of  the  pfitts  of  Tenthes  arising 
wthin  the  said  County  amounting  in  the  whole  to  the  said  yrly  Sume 
of  fourescore  poundes  the  same  to  be  accoted  [accounted]  from  ye  23 
of  Aprill  instant  &  to  be  from  time  to  time  continued  and  paid  unto 
the  said  Mr.  Tully  for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  the  duty  of  the 
Minister  of  the  said  place  or  untill  further  order  of  these  Trustees  The 
said  24li  viijs  &  ijd  arising  out  of  the  tenthes  aforesaid  to  be  paid  the 
25th  of  March  yrly  out  of  the  profitts  thereof  due  &  payable  the  25th 
of  December  preceding  and  Mr  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr  is  hereby 
appointed  and  authorised  to  pay  the  same  accordingly  Provided  That 
his  order  be  first  entered  wth  the  Auditor. 

Edw.  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Jo.  Humfrey  Jo.  Pocock  Ri.  Yong.* 

To  His  Highnesse  ye  Lord  Protector  of  theComon  wealth  of  England 
and  Scotland.  The  humble  peticon  of  the  Maior  Aldermen  BaylifFes 
and  Comon  Councellmen  of  the  City  of  Carlile. 

Humbly  shew  That  the  Cure  of  the  two  Parishes  within  ajid  without 
the  liberties  of  the  said  Citty  of  Carlile  being  of  a  very  large  extent 
were  heretofore  supplyed  by  two  able  Ministers  who  had  their  respec- 
tive Salaries  allowed  and  payed  out  of  the  Revenues  belonging  to  the 
Deane  and  Chapter  of  the  Cathedral  Church  there. 

That  yor  petrs  now  furnished  with  two  able  Ministers  are 
Constreyned  notwthstanding  what  is  setled  upon  them  by  the 
Trustees  to  give  a  considerable  allowance  out  of  the  Publicke  Stocke 
*  of  the  said  Citty  for  their  better  support  and  maintennce. 

Yor  petrs  humble  desire  is  that  the  sume  of  120li  p.  ann.  may 
be  setled  to  either  Minister  out  of  the  Tithes  of  either  pish  when 
the  Leases  expire  (wch  will  be  about  two  yeares  hence)  for  supply 
of  the  respective  Cures  of  the  sd  Parish  and  they  shall  pray  &c. 

Edmond  Craister.  Edward  James. 

Thos  :  Dixon.  '  Tho  :   Caister. 

Hen.  Vaile.  Tho  :  Sewell. 

Thomas  Sed.  Isaac  Tullie. 

Robert  Collier.  Jo  :  Pattinson. 

Ri.  Lowry,  Maior.  Richard  Moonke. 

Cuth  :  Studholme.  Edw.  Lowrie 
Willm  James. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  972. 


Augmentation  165 


Oliver  P. 

We  recomend  this  Peticon  to  or  Councill  to  allowe  an  Augmentacon 
of  Twenty  pounds  per  ann  to  each  of  the  Parishes  in  Carlisle  over  & 
above  that  wch  is  at  present  allowed. 

[Endorsed.]    Whitehall  31st  December  1657.* 

Carlisle  Peticon 
ord  23  March  1657. 

Carlisle.  Tuesday  23rd  of  March  1657. 

Att  the  Councell  at  Whitehall. 
Upon  consideracon  of  the  humble  peticon  of  the  Maior  Aldermen 
Baylifes  and  Councell  of  the  City  of  Carlisle  ordered  by  his  High 
nesse  the  Lord  Protector  and  the  Councell  That  it  bee  recomended 
to  the  Trustees  for  maintenance  of  Ministers  to  setle  upon  the 
Ministers  of  each  of  the  pishes  in  Carlisle  an  additional  Augmen- 
tacon of  Twenty  pounds  p  Annu  over  and  above  the  Augmentacons 
already  Graunted  unto  them  for  their  better  maintenance  and  incour- 
agement. 

William  Jessop  CI.  of  the  Councell.' 

Carlisle.  April  23.    1658. 

Ordered  that  ye  State  of  the  parishes  within  the  city  of  Carlisle  and 
of  the  Maintennce  of  the  Ministry  thereof  bee  taken  in  consideration 
when  the  Trustees  shall  have  received  an  account  of  the  same  from 
their  Recr  and  what  is  done  concerning  the  unity  of  any  of  the  said 
parishes  or  any  other  parish  with  any  of  them  to  the  end  that  such 
Augmentation  may  bee  setled  according  to  former  order  and  the  order 
of  his  Highnesse  and  Councell  now  produced  as  shall  be  fitt  and 
requisite.  3 
Cuthberts  in 

Carlisle.  Nov.  16.  1658. 

Ordered  that  the  yearely  sume  of  ten  poundes  be  and  the  same  is 
hereby  graunted  to  &  for  further  increase  of  maintennce  to  the 
minister  of  Cuthberts  in  Carlisle  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  His 
Highnes  &  Councell  having  approved  thereof  and  that  the  same  be 
from  time  to  time  paid  unto  ]Mr.  Timothy  Tully  Minister  there 
approved  by  the  Comrs  for  approbation  of  publique  preachers  To  hold 
for  such  time  as  he  shall  continue  minister  of  Cuthberts  aforesaid  or 
further  ordr  of  these  Trustees.  And  that  Mr.  Lawrence  Steele  Trear 
doe  pay  the  same  accordingly  to  bee  accounted  from  ye  25th  day  of 
March  last. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett  Jo.  Humfrey  Ri  Sydenham  Ra  Hali.4 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.,  vol.   180. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.)  977. 

3.  Ihid.,  980. 

4.  Ibid.,  995. 


1 66  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Mary's  in 
Carlisle.  Nov.  16.  1658. 

Ordered  that  the  yearely  sume  of  ten  poundes  bee  and  the  same  is 
hereby  graunted  to  and  for  a  further  increase  of  the  maintennce  of 
the  minister  of  Marys  in  Carlisle  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  His 
Highnes  and  Councell  having  approved  thereof  and  that  the  same  bee 
from  time  to  time  paid  unto  Mr.  Comfort  Starr  minister  there 
approved  by  the  Comrs  for  approbation  of  publique  preachers  To  hold 
for  such  time  as  hee  shall  continue  Minister  there  or  further  order  of 
these  Trustees  And  that  Mr.  Lawrence  Steele  Trear  doe  pay  the  same 
accordingly  to  bee  accounted  from  the  25th  day  of  March  last  past. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ka  Hall  Edw  Cressett  Ei  Sydenham  Ri  Yong.  i 

Monday  ye  7  of  March  1658,  Carlisle  Mr.  Craister  peticons  for 
repaire  of  ye  Quire  of  Maryes,  Carlisle. 

Maries  Carlisle,  referre  it  to  Mr.  Atkms  or  let  the  regr  state  case  that 
Maries  being  Cathedral  &  parish  Church  Whether  it  be  in  the  power  of 
ye  minister  to  repaire  it  &  what  repaires.^ 

Maries  in  Carlisle.  By  the  Trustees  for  Maintennce  of  INIinistrs. 

March  7.  1658. 
Whereas  the  Cathedrall  church  of  Maries  in  Carlisle  is  also 
parochiall  &  the  Chancell  of  the  said  Church  is  much  out  of  repaire  & 
the  Tithes  of  the  rectory  of  INIaries  aforesd  pcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye 
late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  (by  whom  the  said  Church  was 
heretofore  repaired)  is  now  vested  in  these  Trustees  Ordered  That  it 
be  referred  to  Mr.  Atkins  of  Councell  with  these  Trustees  to  consider 
whether  ye  sd  Trustees  are  bound  by  Law  to  repaire  the  said 
Chancell  and  how  farre  &  therein  to  report  his  opinion  to  ye  said 
Trustees  with  all  convenient  speed.  3 

Maries  Carlisle.  March  23.  1658. 

Whereas  ye  Cathedrall  Church  of  Maries  in  Carlisle  is  parochiall  & 
ye  Rectory  &  tithes  of  the  sd  parish  Church  are  parcell  of  the 
possions  of  the  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  &  ye  Chancell  & 
Quire  of  ye  sd  parish  Church  hath  been  from  time  to  time  repaired  at 
the  care  &  Charge  of  ye  sd  Deane  &  Chapter  And  whereas  ye  West 
end  of  ye  sd  parish  Church  was  demolished  in  ye  late  Warrs  &  the 
body  of  the  sd  Church  thereby  rendred  uselesse  &  unfit  to  receive  ye 
pishioners  of  ye  sd  parish  at  times  of  publique  worship  whereby  they 
are  necessitated  from  time  to  time  to  meet  in  ye  sd  Chancell  or  Quire 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  995. 

2.  Ihid.,  1003. 

3.  Ihid.,  989. 


Augmentation  167 

for  ye  ends  aforesd  which  sd  Chancell  is  also  very  much  out  of  repaire 
And  it  is  offered  in  behalfe  of  ye  sd  parish  that  they  will  contribute 
something  towards  ye  repaire  thereof  for  ye  Ease  of  ye  Revenue  of  ye 
Trustees  It  being  prayed  that  ye  Trustees  would  therefore  likewise 
forthwith  advance  a  sum  of  money  to  that  purpose  &  appoint  some 
yearely  allowance  towarde  ye  same  It  is  ordered  that  the  sume  of 
Twenty  pounds  bee  forthwith  payed  by  Mr  Edmund  Branthwaite 
Recr  for  &  toward  ye  sd  repaire  unto  ye  Mayr  &  Aldermen  &  Comon 
Councell  of  the  said  City  who  are  thereupon  to  cause  the  sd  Church 
to  be  forthwith  repaired  &  after  such  repaires  to  deliver  unto  the  sd 
Mr.  Branthwaite  sufficient  bills  under  Workmen's  hands  for  the 
proofe  of  the  necessary  expense  of  the  said  sum  upon  the  pmisses. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra  Hall  Rich  Yong  Jo  Pocock  Edw.  Cressett' 

Carlisle 
Maries 
D.  Mar.  1.  ffebr.  24th  1659. 

Whereas  the  Rectory  of  ye  psh  Church  of  Maries  in  ye  City  of  Carlisle 
being  impropriate  to  ye  late  Bishop  &  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  & 
ye  Cure  of  ye  said  Church  formerly  under  ye  care  &  provision  of  ye 
sd  Bpp  &  Deane  &  Chapter  being  now  devolved  upon  these  Trustees 
The  Trustees  have  heretofore  ordered  the  makeing  up  of  ye  maintennce 
of  Mr.  Timothy  Tully  Ministr  of  Maries  aforesd  lOOli  a  yeare  out  of 
severall  tithes  "within  ye  sd  pish  &  in  ye  psh  of  Cuthberts  parcell  of  ye 
possions  of  ye  sd  Bishop  &  Deane  &  Chapter  for  ye  setlin^  whereof 
Ordered  that  the  said  yearly  sume  of  lOOli  be  paid  out  of  ye  perticulars 
hereafter  menconed  vizt  the  yearly  sume  of  fforty  shillings  out  of  ye 
rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tith  ffishing  of  Kingarth  the  further  yearly  sume 
of  6li  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Newbyfeild  &  Burn- 
thwayte  both  in  ye  sd  psh  of  iMaries  24li  a  yeare  out  of  ye  rents  & 
profitts  of  ye  tithes  Harraby  Graunge  wthin  ye  sd  psh  of  Cuthberts  & 
of  Coatfeild  &  Swift  within  ye  sd  psh  of  Maries  131i  6s  8d  a  yeare  out 
of  ye  rents  &  profitts  of  y^  tithes  of  Come  of  Wearyholme  35s  a  yeare 
out  of  ye  rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tith  hay  of  Wearyholme  &  Grumble 
Meadow  131i  Is  6d  a  yeare  out  of  ye  rents  &  pfitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Meale 
Garner  being  part  in  ye  sd  psh  &  part  in  other  pshes  &  are  pcell  of  ye 
possions  of  ye  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  aforesaid  23li  a  yeare 
out  of  ye  rents  &  pfitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Cumersdale  &  Browne  Elston 
and  91i  a  yre  out  of  ye  rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Calcoatebanke 
both  wthin  the  sd  pshe  &  pcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye  late  Bpp  of 
Carlisle  to  hold  to  ye  Minister  for  the  time  being  of  ye  sd  psh  Church 
being  duely  setled  &  appved  of  as  by  Authority  of  parliamt  is  directed 
&  that  ye  sumes  be  from  time  to  time  paid  from  ye  29th  day  of 
September  last  unto  ye  sd  Mr.  Tully  for  such  time  as  he  shall  continue 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.)  995. 


1 68  The   Ejected   of  1662 

in  ye  faithfull  discharge  of  ye  duty  of  ye  Minestr  of  Maries  in  Carlisle 
aforesaid  And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr  doe  pay  the  same 
unto  him  accordingly. 

Jo  Thorowgood  Wm  Steele  Geo  Cowper  Jo  Pococke  Ri  Yong.  l 

Carlisle 
Cuthberts 
d.  Mar.   1.  ffebr.  24  1659. 

Whereas  the  Rectory  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Cuthberts  in  Carlisle  in 
ye  County  of  Cumberland  being  improproiate  to  ye  late  Bishop  & 
Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  &  ye  Cure  of  ye  sd  Church  formerly  undr 
the  care  &  pvision  of  ye  said  Bishop  &  Deane  &  Chapter  being  now 
devolved  upon  these  Trustees  the  Trustees  have  heretofore  ordered  the 
makeing  up  of  ye  maintennce  of  Mr.  Comfort  Starre  Ministr  of 
Cuthberts  aforesd  lOOli  a  yeare  out  of  severall  tithes  within  ye  said 
psh  &  in  the  parish  of  Maries  parcel  1  of  the  possions  of  ye  sd  Bishop 
&  Deane  &  Chapter  Ordered  that  ye  sd  yearly  sume  of  lOOli  be  paid 
out  of  ye  perticulars  following  vizt  the  yearly  sume  of  71i  out  of  the 
rent  &  profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Botcherby  Tarraby  ( ?)  and  Avariceholme 
the  further  yearly  sume  of  23  pounds  out  of  ye  rents  &  profitts  of  the 
tithes  of  Briscoe  and  the  further  yearly  sume  three  score  &  ten  pounds 
out  of  ye  tithes  of  Cuthberts  psh  aforesd  All  in  ye  sd  pshe  of  Cuth- 
berts &  parcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye  late  Deane  &  Chaptr  of  Carlisle  to 
hold  to  ye  Ministr  for  ye  time  being  of  ye  sd  psh  Church  of  Cuthberts 
beinge  duely  setled  and  approved  of  as  by  authority  of  parliament  is 
directed  and  that  the  same  bee  from  time  to  time  pd  from  the  29th  day 
of  September  last  unto  the,  said  Mr.  Starre  for  such  time  as  he  shall 
continue  in  ye  faithful  discharge  of  ye  duty  of  ye  Ministr  of  Cuthberts 
aforesd  And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr.  doe  pay  the  same 
unto  him  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  W  Steele  George  Cowper  Jo  Pococke  Ri  Yong.  2 

To  these  may  be  appended  the  following,  which  deals 
with  a  Petition  for  additional  sums  to  various  places,  for 
the  repairing  of  the  Parsonage  or  Vicarage  house,  the 
smallness  of  the  grant  to  Carlisle  being  an  indication  of 
the  slightness  of  the  need.  :  — 

Proceedings  of  Council,  Thursday,  Feb.  18,  1657. 
Appr  6  March. 

Whereas  by  an  himible  peticon  directed  to  his  Highnes  from  ye 
Members  that  lately  served  in  pliamt  for  the  County  of  Cumberland, 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.   Min)  987. 

2.  Ibid.  MS.  989  has  an  entry  for  St.  Cuthbert's  much  similar  to 
this. 


Augmentation  169 

on  behalf  of  Sevall  able  Godly  Ministers  It  was  Sett  forth  that  in 
pursuance  of  the  late  Act  for  Propagateing  the  Gospel  in  the  4 
Northerne  Countyes,  there  was  appoynted  one  Edward  Winter,  Threr 
[Treasurerj],  since  deceased,  who  reed  Sevall  sumes  of  money  to  be 
imployed  for  the  undermenconed  in  yt  Act  and  that  the  sayd  Act 
being  expired,  there  remaynes  of  the  sayd  money  undisposed  of  about 
200  li  wch  they  pray  may  be  called  for  from  the  Executor  of  ye  sayd 
Threr  or  any  other  in  whose  hands  it  is  and  distributed  to  the  sayd 
Ministers  (for  repaireing  such  of  their  Parsonage  or  Vicarage  houses  as 
were  totally  ruined  or  decayed  at  the  tyme  of  their  entering  into  their 
liveings),  which  peticon  his  Highness  w^as  pleased  to  referr  to  the  Lord 
Charles  Howard,  Wm  Briscoe  Thomas  Craister,  Cuthbert  Studholme 
Esqrs  and  others  or  any  2  of  them  to  take  an  accompt  of  the  moneys 
Soe  reed  and  remayneing  undisposed  and  to  state  a  Divident  thereof 
among  such  Ministrs  as  they  shall  thinke  most  meete  and  just  and  to 
Secure  the  sayd  Moneys,  and  transmitt  their  proceedings  under  their 
hands  to  his  Highness  for  his  Highness  further  Consideracon  and 
direcon.  And  whereas  the  sayd  referrees  before  named,  havein  pursuiance 
thereof  Certifyed  the  distribucon  following,  That  is  to  say  To  ye 
Minister. 

Carlisle       05  00  00 

Dalston      35  00  00 

Kerkbride      03  00  00 

Orton      35  00  00 

Graystocke        30  00  00 

Penrith       25  00  00 

Addingham       06  00  OU 

Ousby     10  00  00 

Brampton      30  00  00 

Castle  Carrock    ...  30  00  00 


In  toto...     209     00     00 


wch  his  Highness  was  pleased  to  referr  to  ye  Consideracon  and  order 
of  the  Councell  Ordered  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Councell  that 
ye  sume  of  2091i  be  distributed  among  the  sayd  Ministrs  according  to 
the  proporcons  aforesayd,  And  it  is  referred  to  the  Lord  Howard  and 
to  the  rest  of  the  sayd  Certifiers  or  any  two  of  them,  to  call  for  the 
sayd  money  from  the  Executors  or  Admrs  of  the  sayd  Threr,  or  such 
other  pson  or  psons  in  whose  hands  the  same  or  any  pt  thereof  remaynes 
and  to  see  the  same  distributed  accordingly  and  the  sayd  Executor 
Admrs  or  other  psons,  are  hereby  empowered  and  required  to  pay  the 
same  according  to  such  direcions  as  they  shall  receive  from  the  sayd 


170  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Certifyers  or  any  2  of  them,  which  with  this  order  and  the  acquittance 
of  the  ptyes  [parties]  Soe  directed  to  receive  the  same  shalbe  their 
Sufficient  Warrt  and  discharge  in  yt  behalf e.' 

In  the  foregoing  documents  it  will  be  noted  that  the 
scribe  has  considerably  confused  names.  The  same  thing 
occurs  in  the  Augmentation  Lists. ^  Timothy  Tullie, 
however,  had  the  Cathedral  Church  of  St.  Mary's,  which 
carried  the  larger  salary;  while  Comfort  Starr  was  at 
St.  Cuthbert's.  Chancellor  Ferguson  thinks  that  Timothy 
Tullie's  higher  salary  is  an  indication  that  he  also  held 
the  Lectureship;  but  that  is  not  sufficient  evidence.  The 
probability  is  that  the  duties  of  the  office,  whatever  they 
may  have  been,  were  divided  between  the  two.  Certainly 
the  election  Sermon  for  the  Mayor  appears  to  have  been 
preached  by  each   in  turn. 

What  the  City  directly  contributed  towards  their  main- 
tenance is  indicated  in  the  following :  — 

1656-7,  Salaries. 

It.  to  jNIr.  Tully  Ministr  by  2  acquittances. 
£28     0     0. 

It.  to  Mr.  Starr  Ministr  by  2  acquittances. 
£20     0     0. 3 

Timothy  Tullie  had  also  £8  a  year  for  rent  and  Comfort 
Starr  £5.  4s.  The  following  is  Comfort  Starr's  receipt  for 
his  half  year's  salary  :  — 

December  2d   1658. 

Eeceived  then  of  Chamberlaine  Jackson  ye  sume  of  ten  pounds  wch 
was  due  to  mee  on  ye  23rd  day  of  October  last. 
I  say  received  £10     0     Op  me 

Comfort  Starr.  4 

It  would  appear  that  the  Brisco  and  other  Tithes  went 
direct  to  the  coffers  of  the  General  Eund  for  Augmenta- 
tion of  Minister's  stipends,  Edmund  Branthwaite  being 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.   I.  78,  fol.  460. 

2.  Vide  p.  1313,  &c. 

3.  Chamberlain's  Accounts. 

4.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  329. 


TuUie   and    Starr  171 

the     Official    Eeceiver    for    the     County.        Hence    the 
following :  — 

April.  28.  1659. 

Reed,  then  for  the  use  of  the  Hoble.  Trustees  for  Maintenance  of 
Ministers  of  Thomas  Jackson  Chamberlaine  the  sume  of  fower  pounds 
six  shillings  eight  pence  for  one  years  rent  for  Brisco  Tyth  ended  at 
Candlemas  last  past.     I  say  reed,  by  ye  order  of  Mr.  Edmond  Branth- 

waite  the  sum  of £4     6s.     8d. 

by  me  John  Tomlinson. 
May  12.  1659. 

Reed,  then  for  the  use  of  the  Hoble.  Trustees  for  Maintenance  of 
Ministers  of  Thomas  Jackson  Chamberlaine  of  the  Citty  of  Carlile  the 
sume  of  two  pounds  eighteen  shillings  for  one  yeares  rent  for  Cargo 
Tyth  due  at  Midsomer  1658.     I  say  reed,  by  the  order  of  Mr.  Edmond 

Branthwaite  the  sume  of -     £2     18s.     Od. 

by  me  John  Tomlinson.' 

Timothy  Tullie  and  Comfort  Starr  began  their 
ministry  in  Carlisle  together,  and  together  they  ended  it. 
As  already  intimated  the  Restoration  brought  the  return 
of  the  Cathedral  Clergy  and  consequent  Ejection  of 
Comfort  Starr;  whether  he  remained  some  time  in  the 
neighbourhood  is  not  clear.  The  Episcopal  Register  at 
Carlisle  gives  the  ordination  of  "  Ludovicus  Starre 
Iratus  "  as  Deacon  on  September  20th,  1663.  The  name 
is  interesting,  though  there  is  nothing  to  indicate  rela- 
tionship with  the  Ejected  Minister.  Eventually,  as 
Calamy  states,  Comfort  Starr  found  his  way  back  to  his 
native  County. 

In  the  Conventicle  Returns  for  1669  he  appears  as  a 
Nonconformist  teacher  or  preacher  at  Cranbrook,  Kent.  ^ 
In  1672  he  was  living  at  Sandwich ;  and  a  few  days  after 
the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  made  application  for 
preaching  Licenses.     The  following  were  requested:  — 

Mr.  Comfort  Starre  in  Saundwieh  in  Kent  teacher. 
Mr.  John  Watts  his  house  in  the  same  place.      [There  is  no  date 
but  it  was  before  April  2,  1672.    Vide  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II.  320,  No.  20.] 
Comfort   Starr   Congregationall  Teacher   desires   the   Old   Chappell 

1.  The  Lectureship,  &e.,  p.  329. 

2.  Lambeth  MS.  639. 


172  The   Ejected   of  1662 

belonging    to    the    Hospitall    of   St.    Bartholomews   Sandwich.        [In 
pencil,  "April  19."     Vide  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II.  320,  No.  88.] 

Comfort  Starre  of  Sandwich  in  Kent  Teacher  Congregational]. 

Their  Meeting  Place. 

The  Old   Chapell   belonging  to  ye   Hospitall   of  St.   Bartholomeaw 
near  &  without  ye  walls  of  Sandwich. 

Congregational]. 

[In  pencil,  "Ap.  19."     Vide  Ibid  No.  93.] 

The  town  of ich  in  ye  

Mr.    Comfort    Starre   Teacher   of    ye    Perswasion    Comonly    Called 
Congregational . 

Their  Meeting  Place. 

The  Old  Chappell  belonging  to  ye   Hospitall  of  St.   Bartholomewe 
wthout  ye  walls  of  Sandwich.     [Vide  Ibid  No.  94.] 

This  second  application  is  on  a  torn  piece  of  paper,  but 
tlie  handwriting  is  the  same  as  the  other,  and  both  are 
the  same  as  the  receipt  which  was  given  by  "  Rob. 
Mascall."  At  first  it  was  diflGlcult  to  secure  a  License 
for  anything  approaching  a  public  building,^  and  Comfort 
Starr  only  managed  to  obtain  one  for  himself  and  house 
as  follows  :  — 

Starre  Congr  Sandwich. 

Licence  to  Comfort  Starre  to  be  a  Congreg.   Teacher  in  his  owne 
howse  in  Sandwich  17  Apr  72. 

Sandwich   Congr   Starr's  howse. 

The  howse  of   Comfort   Starre  in   Sandwich   licensed  for  a  Congr. 
Meeting  place  17  Apr.  72.2 

The  receipt  for  these  is  here  appended :  — 

Eeceived  for  Mr.  Comfort  Star  his  Maiesties  Licence  &  allowance 
of  his  dwelling  house  in  Sandwich. 
White   Hall  Apr  20th  1672. 

ROB.  MASCALL.    3 

John  Watt's  house  was  licensed  May  1st,  1672.^  Two 
or  three  other  houses  in  Sandwich  were  also  licensed  at 
which  he  doubtless  preached. 

1.  Vide  p.  55. 

2.  Vide  S.  P.  Dom.  Entry  Book  38a,  p.  29  (Record  Office). 

3.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II.  320,  No.  167. 

4.  Vide  Entry  Book,   38a,   p    63. 


TuUie   and   Starr  ly;^ 

Under  date  August  12th,  1687,  there  is  the  following 
entry  in  the  Church  Book  of  the  present  Guildhall  Street 
Church,  Canterbury,  the  Church  originally  of  Dancing 
House  Yard :  — 

"  The  Church  kept  a  day.  To  Begg  direction,  in  ye  great 
affayer  of  a  pastor  ...  at  which  Tyme  or  [our]  Church 
Elected  Mr.  Comfort  Starre  To  be  our  Pastour." 

Two  years  later,  in  a  list  of  the  officers  and  members  of 
the  Church,  his  name  appears  at  the  head  as  "  Pastor." 
He  continued  here  until  1691,^  when  he  went  to  Lewes, 
in  Sussex,  where  he  ministered  the  rest  of  his  life.  For 
quite  a  succession  of  years  beginning  with  April  18th, 
1698,  the  Minutes  of  the  Congregational  Fund  Board 
contain  the  entry  :  — 

Ordered  that  Mr.  Starr  of  Lewes  in  Sussex  bee  allowed  £6  0  0. 

In  reference  to  Timothy  Tullie  it  is  difficult  to  say 
exactly  what  happened.  Probably  it  was  felt,  as  in  the 
case  of  so  many  others,  to  be  in  every  way  desirable  that 
a  new  sphere  should  be  found  for  him.  He  would  not  be 
a  persona  grata  to  the  new  men  because  of  his  recent 
conduct.  Always  an  Episcopalian  at  heart,  described  in 
the  Westmorland  Certificate  for  1646  as  "  Minister  of 
Cliburne,  a  non  Covenantr  and  disaffected,'  ^  that  he 
considerably  modified  his  attitude  in  relation  to  these 
matters  is  clear  from  the  further  statement  in  the 
Certificate  that  "  he  hath  taken  ye  oath  of  ye  5th  Aprill." 
Subsequently  he  joined  the  Cumberland  Association  of 
Ministers,  and  actually  became  "  Modr  pro  Temp."  ^  in 
1658.  He  invariably  acted  with  the  Commonwealth 
Ministers  and  his  name  appears  repeatedly  among  theirs 
certifying  men  for  the  ministry.  He  had  even  committed 
a  still  more  grievous  offence  in  accepting  a  place  among 

1.  For  several  of  the  items  relating  to  Comfort  Starr's  life  in  Kent 
I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  J.  Watkinson  of  Heme  Bay  who  is  busy  upon 
a  work  on  Kent  Congregationalism. 

2.  Vide  p.  111. 

3.  Vide  p.  105. 


174  The    Ejected   of  1662 

the  Sequestration  Commissioners  for  the  County,  as  the 
following  shows  :  — 

Thursday  ye  7th  of  Aug.    1656. 

Persons  hereafter  named  be  added  to  ye  Comrs.  appoynted  by  the 
Ordinance  for  ejecting  of  scandalous,  ignorant  &  insufficient  Ministers 
&  Schoolemasters. 
For  ye  County  of  Cumberland 

Mr.  Thomas  Sewill. 
For  ye  County  of  Westmorland 

Mr.   Thomas  Fletcher. 
For  ye  County  of  Cumberland 
Mr.  Atkinson. 
Mr.  Tulley. 

Mr.  Joseph  Nicholson.^ 
[No  Minister's  name  for  Westmorland.] 

The  Restoration  does  not  seem  to  have  brought  an 
actual  Ejection;  it  led  to  a  convenient  removal  to  another 
sphere,  where  he  would  be  free  from  the  opprobrium, 
which  almost  certainly  would  have  clung  to  him  had  he 
remained  in  Carlisle.  He  became  Rector  of  Middleton- 
in-Teesdale  and  Canon  of  York  in  1660.  It  was  late  in 
the  year  when  he  removed  as  the  following  shows :  — 

Dec.   30,    1660,   paid   for   pottell   of   Sack  when  you   [the   Mayor 
George  Barwick]  tooke  leave  of  Mr.   Timothy  Tully,  00  :  04  :  00.2 

Probably  for  the  same  reason  the  Master  of  the 
Grammar  School,  with  the  somewhat  ominous  name  of 
"Death,"  was  moved  about  the  same  time,  the  new  con- 
ditions calling  for  a  new  set  of  men  all  round.  Hence 
the  following  :  — 

Pd  to  Mr.  Death  when  he  went  away  20  :  00  :  00.3 

The  following  letter  belonging  to  this  period  throws 
light  upon  movements  in  the  City :  — 

Deare  bro. 

I  send  you  Inclosed  a  bill  of  Exchange  for  xxli  to  be  pd  to  my 
bro  Miller,  there  is  5li  more  to  pay  him  and  if  you  have  not  reed  511 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.  I.  77,  pp.  322,  323. 

2.  Chamberlain's   Accounts. 

3.  Ihid. 


The   TuUie   Family  175 

of  Sam.  Herbert  I  doe  earnestly  desire  you  to  doe  me  the  favor  to 
pay  it  and  you  shall  have  it  the  next  tearme  or  before.  Pdon  me 
this  tyme  on  not  Inlargeinge  my  selfe,  I  have  sent  a  Letter  to  my 
Lo.  genrall  Concereneinge  the  2  Monthess  assess,  I  pray  disere  my 
bro  Miller  to  delivr  it  I  will  write  to  him  by  my  next,  there  is  now 
more  reason  to  Looke  to  ye  quakers  and  Anabaptist  then  formerly, 
and  god  willinge  I  will  Lie  my  selfe. out  to  doe  what  service  I  am 
able  for  his  Matie  whome  I  hope  the  Lord  will  Continue  wth  Longe 

Life  in  dispite  of  all  his  foes  in  hast  I    re [torn]. 

Carlile  24th  Yors  till  death 

Dec.   1660.  Geo.  Williamson. 

I  pray  you  Seale  the  Inclosed  Letter  wth  yor  Seale. 
To  Mr.  Joseph   Williamson  at   Secretary   Sr.   Edward   Nicholas  his 
Lodginge  in  Whitehall,  London. — these.  ^ 

Timotliy  Tullie's  son,  Thomas,  an  Oxford  graduate, 
afterwards  LL.D.,  became  Cliancellor  of  the  Carlisle 
Diocese  in  1683,  Yicar  of  Crosthwaite,  Cumberland,  in 
1710,  and  Dean  of  Carlisle  in  1716. '-  He  died  in  1726-7. 
He  also  held  the  living  of  Aldingham  in  Lancashire  from 
1694  to  1726-7,  the  year  of  his  death;  and  was  succeeded 
at  the  latter  place  by  Thomas  Tullie,  who  may  have  been 
the  son  baptized  in  1701.^ 

The  following  are  some  of  the  Tullie  entries  in  the 
St.  Mary's  Registers:  — 

Abbeygate,  Geo.  ye  sonne  of  Isaac  Tully  bapt.  ye  5th  Sept.  1656. 
Baptisms. 

Abbeygate,  Joseph  ye  sonne  of  Mr.   Timothy  Tullie  ye  9th  day 

of  Novembr,  1657. 
Abbeygate,    philip    ye    sonne   of   Timothy    Tully    clerke  ye    13th 

March  1659/60. 
1691-2  ffebr,  Abbeygate,  Eliz.  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Tullie 

Chancelr.   and  Prebend  of  Carlile  bapt.  ye  2d  day. 
1692-3   ffeb,   Abbeygate,    Mary   daughter   of  Mr.    Thomas   Tullie 

baptiz'd.  , 

Judith  Tullie  bapt.   ffebr  18th  1693-4. 
Jerom  Tullie  31  march   1695. 
William  do.   Sept.    16,   1697. 
Tho.  do.   Sept.  25,  1701. 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II,  vol.  24,  fol.  35. 

9.  Al.   Ox. 

3.  Baines's  "  Hist,  of  Lancashire  "  (Croston's  Edition),  vol.  v,  p.  576. 


176  The    Ejected   of  1662 

1694,  Abbeygate,  Mr.  Tho.   Tullie  Chancelour  Child  Buried  ye  23 

of  May. 
Abbeys   Street   Dr.   Thomas  Tullie   Deane  of   Carlile  died  ye   16th 

of  January  1726  and  was  buried  ye  Eighteenth. 

With  the  E-estoration  Episcopacy  returned,  and  the 
first  of  the  Cathedral  Qlergj  to  take  office  was  Guy 
Carleton.  He  was  a  native  of  Gilsland;  graduated  M.A. 
of  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  January  29th,  1628-9,  and 
became  CD.  August  2nd,  1660.^  He  petitioned  for 
restoration  to  his  living  at  Bucklebury,  Berks.,  in  June, 
1660  ;2  and  was  instituted  Dean  of  Carlisle,  June  29th  the 
same  year,  just  one  montli  after  the  King's  entry  into 
London.  This  office  would  appear  to  have  been  vacant  since 
1642,  its  last  occupant  being  Thomas  Comber,  S.T.P.,  who 
was  presented  to  it  August  28th,  1630.  Becoming  Master  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in  1642,  "concerned  (amongst 
the  rest)  in  sending  the  plate  of  that  university  to  the 
king  Dr.  Comber  was  deprived  of  all  his  preferments, 
and  died  in  1653."  ^  Jefferson  says  that  Guy  Carleton, 
his  successor  in  the  Deanery,  was  "  an  active  and  bold 
asserter  of  the  royal  cause,  in  the  time  of  the  civil  wars; 
and  in  consequence  he  was  ejected  from  his  livings  by  the 
'  Presbyterian  visitors,'  and  was  imprisoned  at  Lambeth, 
and  treated  with  great  severity;  after  having  suffered 
many  hardships,  he  made  his  escape,  and  joined  the 
exiled  king  on  the  continent."  *  Doubtless  we  are  to  see 
the  influence  of  his  strong  personality  at  work  in  the 
active  measures  taken  almost  immediately,  which  resulted 
in  the  displacement  of  a  considerable  number  of  men. 
Towards  the  end  of  1660,  he  became,  in  addition,  Canon 
of  Durham,  and  in  1672,  Bishop  of  Bristol.  Against 
Nonconformists  he  was  exceeding  bitter.  Both  at 
Durham  and  Bristol  he  did  his  utmost  to  render  nugatory 
the  benefits  of  the  Indulgence  Declaration ;  and  the 
Calendars  of  State  Papers  for  that  period  tell  a  striking 

1.  Al  Ox. 

2.  H.M.C.  Eeport,  vii,  pt.  i,  p.  105. 

3.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  304. 

4.  Hist  of  Carl.,  p.  249. 


The   Cathedral   Clergy  177 

story  of  his  unresting  activity  with,  a  view  to  the  supres- 
sion  of  all  Conventicles  and  Conventiclers.  Subsequently 
he  was  Bishop  of  Chichester.  He  died  at  Westminster, 
July  6th,  1685.  The  Mayoral  visit  to  him.  in  his 
"  Chamber"  at  Carlisle  is  thus  noted  in  the  Chamberlain's 
Accounts ;  and  it  must  have  been  an  occasion  of  consider- 
able conviviality  to  have  proved  so  costly:  — 

Nov.  23,  1660,  paid  for  sack  and  wine  to  Mrs.  Monke  when  you 
[the  Mayor  George  Barwick]  went  to  visett  the  Deane  in  his  chamber 
01  :  03  :  08. 

Bishop  Sterne  was  consecrated  December  2nd,  1660. 
A  notice  of  this  man's  character,  who  is  somewhat  of  a 
puzzle  to  historians,  appears  elsewhere.  ^  He  became 
Archbishop  of  York  in  1664. 

Lewis  West,  M.A.,  who  had  been  sequestered  from  the 
Prebendship  of  the  Third  Stall  and  the  Archdeaconry 
of  the  Diocese,  returned  to  both  these  positions  in  1660. 
He  was  the  only  one  of  the  old  Cathedral  Clergy  who 
lived  to  see  the  Restoration  and  return  to  his  former 
emoluments.^ 

Robert  Lowther,  B.C.L,,  became  Chancellor  in  1661. 
He  was  Rector  of  Bewcastle.  ^ 

Dr.  Thomas  Smith  became  Prebendary  of  the  First 
Stall  in  1660.  He  retained  the  position  only  a  short  time 
becoming  Dean,  and  subsequently  Bishop  of  the  Diocese. 
He  died  in  1702,  and  the  St.  Mary's  Registers  have  the 
following  in  reference  to  him :  — 

The  Reverend  ffather  in  God  Thomas  Smith  Id  Bpp  of  Carlile 
Buried  in  the  Cathedral  Near  the  Alter  Aprill  ye  17,  1702  A  worthy 
Benefactor. — J.   P. 

His  successor  in  the  Prebendship,  in  1661,  was  Thomas 
Canon,  B.D.,  who  died  in  1668. 

Arthur  Savage,  M.A.,  became  Prebendary  of  the  Second 
Stall  in  1660.     He  was  Rector  of  Brougham  and  after- 


1.  Vide  p.  76. 

2.  Vide  pp.  349,  355,  361. 

3.  Vide  p.  293. 


M 


178 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


wards  of  Caldbeck.^     His  Petition  for  the  preferment  in 
June,  1660,  reads  as  follows:  — 

Peticon 

of  To  the  Kings  Most  Excellent  Majestie 

Arthur  Savage.       The  humble  peticon  of  Arthur  Savage 
Humbly   Sheweth 

That  a  prebendary  of  Carlisle  is  now 
void  by  the  death  of  ffrederick  Tunstall 

and  now   in  yor   ISIaties  Guift 
May  it  therefore  please  yor  Sacred 
Matie  Gratiously  to  Conferre  the 

same  upon  yor  petioner 
And  he  (as  in  duty  bound)  shall 
ever  pray  &c.^ 


George  Buchanan,  the  Sequestered  Yicar  of  Kirkby 
Lonsdale,  became  Prebendary  of  the  Fourth  Stall  and 
also  Yicar  of  Stanwix.^  His  Petition,  dated  June,  1660, 
is  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

To  the  King's  Most  Excellent   Majesty 

The  humble  Peticon  of  George  Buchanan  Clerk. 
Sheweth. 

That  your  Peticoner  hath  been  a  deep  sufferer  in  the 
late  troubles  both  for  his  Alleageance  to  yr  ^lajestye's  Royall  ffather 
of  blessed  memory,  and  his  Constancy  to  the  Church  in  the  worst  of 
times,  having  lost  his  living  in  Scotland  of  200]i  Sterling  pounds  for 
refusing  the  first  Covenant  &  since  been  sequestred  of  the  Vicarage 
of  Kirkby-Lonsdale,  Westmerland  in  England  16  yeares  agoe  In  which 
time  hee  was  Chaplaine  in  Severall  beseiged  Garrisons  of  his  late 
Majesty,  and  endured  many  Imprisonments  Now  forasmuch  as  there 
are  three  of  the  Prebends  of  Carlisle  now  void  by  the  death  of  Doctor 
Lancelott  Dawes,  ilr.  ffrederick  Tunstall  and  Mr.  Henry  Hutton 
Yor  Petitioner  humbly  begs  one  of  the  said  Prebends. 
And  (as  in  duty  bound)  hee  shall  ever  pray  &c.  * 

The  Lectureship  continued  after  the  Restoration;  and 
as  the  Chamberlain's  Accounts  contain  many  interesting 

1.  Vide  pp.  553,  1247 

2.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  11,  vol.  6. 

3.  Vide   pp.    194,    1011. 

4.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II,  vol.  6. 


Interesting   Items  179 

items  along  with  the  names  of  several  who  served  in  this 
capacity,  the  following  further  excerpts  are  given :  — 

CHAMBERLAIN'S  ACCOUNTS. 
Aug.    4,    1635   bestoued   upon   Mr.    Moor   preacher  in   p'sence   of   ye 

brethren   0:2:8. 
Itm  given  the  3  Novem  to  Mr.  Ogle  a  blind  preacher  00  :  05  :  00. 
8.  Nov.   1636  given  to  a  preacher  Mr.  Porcas  00  :  11  :  00. 
1637  Itm  given  to  a  minister  called  Gray  brown  the  3  of  Julij  beinge 

blind  00  :  02  :  06. 
It  to  Joseph  Thurell  a  minister  0 — 2 — 0. 
It  to  Simond  Banks  a  minister  0 — 1 — 6. 
1642.     Bestowed  in  wine  upon   Mr.   Anderton  and  other  Lancashire 

Gent,  officers  to  the  Lord  of  Newcastle  &  the  Aldermen  1 — 5 — 8. 
June  28.  1643  to  a  distressed  Minister  &  wife  &  childn  00  :  04  :  00. 
August  20.  for  carrying  of  a  Ire  [letter]  to  Mr.  West  00  :  01  :  00. 
June  6.  1650.     Item  bestowed  upon  Mr.  Tully  in  wine,  sack  &  Sugar 

00  :  11  :  10. 

13.  Item  pd  to  Mr.   Houldsworth  07  :  00  :  00. 

1650  It.  pd  Mr.  Baldwin  for  preaching  at.  ye  Ellection  day  01:0:0. 
1649 — 50.     For  severall  post  letters  about  ministers  &  other  businesses 

01  :  13  :  06. 

1651  September  13.     Item  in  wine  &  sack  bestowed  upon  Mr.  Larcam 
Minister  00  :  05  :  00. 

Sept.  15.     Item  in  Sack  &  wine  bestowed  upon  Sr.  Arthure  Haslerigg 

00  :  13  :  10. 
1651,  December  21,  Received  of  Mr.   Collyer  4  :  00  :  00. 
July  5.  1652.     Item  Bestowed  in  Banqueting  upon  Mr.  Benn  01  :00  :06. 

9  Item  pd  for  a  Scots  minister  00  :  01  :  00. 
August   14.   1652   Item   pd   to   a   Scots   Minister  called   Mr.    Roel(?) 

00  :  02  :  00. 
March    1652-3.       Item    given    to    Mr.    ffallowfeild    for    his    opinion 

00  :  10  :  00. 
August  22.    1653.     Item  payed  to  one  for  going  to  Mr.    Nichols  to 

preach  on  the  thanksgiving  day  00  :  01  :  00. 
September  20.  1653  Given  to  ye  iudges  clarke  p.  drawing  a  conviction 

of  Geo.  fTox  comonly  called  a  quaker  00  :  05  :  00. 
October  4.  1653  It  pd  to  Mr.  powlewheele  for  his  Sermon  01  :  00  :  00. 
Item  pd  to  Tho.  Thomlinson  for  the  oracon  00  :  10  :  00. 
October  5.  1654.     Imprs  to  Mr.  Polewheele  for  the  Sermon  upon  the 

Eleccon  day  01  : 00  :  00. 
Otober  1.   1655.     To  Mr.  Tully  for  a  Sermon  01  :  00  :  00. 

,,       12.     Item  pd  to  a  boy  for  going  to  Mr.  Nichols  00  :  00  :  08. 
1655-6  Jan.   30.       Item  pd  to  Ralph  Beckwith  for  4  beds  to  Sev'all 

Ministers  00  :  01  :  00. 


i8o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Septemb  the   2.    1656.     Itm   bestowed   upon   Mr.   Thomas   Tullie  for 

Sacke  wine  Sugar  and  Bisketts  00  :  06  :  08. 
1656  March  25.     Itm  given  to  Mr.  Hadger  an  Irish  minister  00  :02  :06. 

1656  October  13.     Imprs  to  Mr.  Tully  for  a  sermon  on  ye  Election 
day  1—0—0. 

1657  August  pd  to  Mr.  Craister  and  Mr.  Studholme  for  the  Ministers 
house  rent  1 — 6 — 0. 

October    5th.    1657    payed    to    Mr.    Stare    for    ye    election    Sermond 

01  :  00  :  00. 
December   7    1658.     pd   for   1   quert   Sacke   to   Mr.    Tully   when   the 

towell  was  letten  00  :  02  :  00. 

1658  July  8.  pd  for  Sacke  and  wine  to  Mr.  Death  00  :  04  :  00. 

1658  December  1st.      Pd  Mr.  Tully  by  Aquitance  14—00—00.      pd  to 

Mr.   Stare  by  Aquitance  10—00—00. 
pd  to  Mr.  Creastor  for  Mr.  Stars  house  01—06—00. 
June  10  pd  to  Mr.  Creastor  for  Mr.  Stars  house  01—06—00. 
Payd  Mr.  Tully  and  Mr.  Starr  3  July  24—0—0. 

1658  October  the  4  day  pd  to  Mr.   Tully  for  the  election  Sermond 
01—00—00. 

November  10.   1658  Given  to  three  Scottsmen  by  Mr.   Tullys  orders 
by  a  note  made  from  him  ^u — 02 — 06. 

1659  May  24  more  yt  he  [Mr.   Craister]  payd  for  2   orders  to  our 
ministers  00—07—06. 

pd  to  Mr.  Timothy  Tully  014  :  00  :  00. 

pd  to  Mr.   Comfort  Starre  OjO  :  00  :  00. 

May  24.   pd  to  Mr.   Anth.  Death  for  j  quarters  Sallary  ending  the 

25  of  March  1658  p  Receipt  OjO  :  00  :  00. 
ffor  2  orders  for  ye  Ministers  Augmentation  000 — 12 — 00. 
pd  Mr.  Collyer  and  Mr.  Wilson  for  their  traverse  000  :  05  :  00. 
pd  for  2  orders  for  ye  Ministers  Augmentation  000 — 12 — 00. 
1659—60. 

Octo.  4  pd  to  Mr.  Starr  for  ye  Election  Sermond  1 — 0 — 0. 

pd  to  Balife  Scott  for  Mr.  Starres  House  1 — 6 — 0. 

Pd  to  Mr.  Tullie  and  Mr.  Starr  024—00—00. 
pd  to  Mr.  Tully  for  a  whole  years  rent  008—00—00. 
pd  Mr.   Starr  for  a  years  rent  002—12—00. 

Imp.  paied  to  Mr.  Tully  for  the  EUection  Sermon  October  2.   1660, 
01—00—00. 

Among  tlie  disbursements  is  the  following  for  the 
King's  "  Corronacon  Day  beinge  the  23rd  of  Aprill 
1661":  — 

Geven  to  Mr.   Nicholls  for  preachinge  01 — 00 — 00. 


Interesting   Items  i8i 

Oflier  items  read  thus  :  — 

Aug.  17.  1661.     Pd  to  Mr.  Thompson,  Lecturrer,  for  his  halfe  yeare 

sallery  dew  at  Lady  day  last  03  :  06  :  00. 
Aprill  2.  1662  pd.  Mr.  Thomson  lecturer  his  halfe  yeares  sallery  due 

at  Lady  day  last  past  03  :  06  :  08. 
1662    July    6.     It.    to    a    distressed    minister    by    Mr.    Maiors    order 

00  :  02  :  00. 
Aug.  18.  1662.     It.  Mr.  Thomson  lecturer  his  halfe  yeare  sallery  due 

at  St.  Mathew  day  03  :  06  :  08. 
June   1662   It.    pd   Mr.    Hecksteter   Scoole   maister   due    at    sd   time 

10  :  00  :  00. 
October  1662  to  ye  Lecturer  by  Order  of  ye  Corporation  one  whole 

yeare  06  :  13  :  08. 
Jan.  31.  1661-2.     It.  Mr.  Maior  &  ye  rest  in  visiting  Mr.  Buchanans 

son   in   Sacke   00  :  04  :  04. 
July  16.   1662.     It.  in  visiting  Mr.  West  at  Mr.   Hecsteters  in  sacke 

&  wine  00  :  03  :  08. 
October  16.  1662.     It.  to  Mr.  Hecshtter  ye  Schoole  master  a  gift  from 

ye  Corporation   10  :  00  :  00. 
A  note  of  what  Salleryes  is  paid  for  the  Cettyes  use  1663-4. 
pd  to  Mr.   Hetchstetter  for  the  Grammer  Schoole  10  :  00  :  00. 
pd  to  Mr.   Wargent  being  Lector  06  :  13  :  i. 
November  1664. 

paid  to  ye  Lector  06  :  13  :  04. 
April  6.   1665.  paid  to  Mr.   Crow  by  order  01  :  00  :  00. 
1665.     Itm.  To  Mr.  Wargt  being  Lectorer  for  one  yeare  06  :  13  :  04. 
1665-6  To  a  Minister  wch  was  Comitted  to  Hugh  Hodgson  00  :  11  :  00. 
To  Mr.  Brooham  an  Acquaintance  of  Mr.  Wargents  being  a  minister 

formerly  in  Ireland  00  :  05  :  00. 
Imps.  Paid  to  Mr.  Constable  for  his  first  quartrs  Sallary  00  :  10  :  00. 
1667-8. 

Octob.  18.     It.  the  Lecturer  his  whole  yeare  Sallary  06  :  13  :  04. 
ffeb.    1st.     Upon  old   Mr.    Warwick. 
To  Mr.  Constable  for  1  whole  year  [pensioner]  02  :  00  :  00. 

After   this    date   regular   payments    are    made   to    the 
Lecturer  without  name  until  about  1676. 
The  following  also  appear :  — 

1671-2  pd  to  Mrs.   Pattinson  for  wine  Ale  and  Tobaccoe  when  you 

took  leave  of  Mr.  ffrankland  01  :  16  :  00. 
1673-4  Given  to  Mrs.   Hugisson  being  distressed  by  ordr  00  :  00  :  04. 
May  20.     Bestowed  upon  Docter  Carter  Mr.   Savage  &  Mr.   Nelson 

&   others  at  John   Howes  00  :  05  :  00. 
1675-6.     To  Mr.  fforas,  Clark  00  :  01  :  00. 


1 82  The   Ejected   of  1662 

1683  December  20.     To   Mr.   Rich.   Shepherd  late  Schoolmr  for  one 

year   teaching   School   ended   at   Easter   '82.    as  Acquitt   appears 

08  :  00  :  00. 
May  25.     To  Mr.  Roland  Nicols  Lecturer  for  his  half  y.  Salary  due 

Lady  day  last  as  by  2  Acquitt  app.  05  :  00  :  00. 
June  24.     To  Mr.  Robt.   Harrison  for  half  y.   Salary  due  Lady  day 

last  for  teaching  ye  ffree  School   10  :  00  :  00. 
1686.     Imprs  To  Mr.  Nicols  Due  Lady  Day  '86,  05  :  00  :  00. 
To  Mr.   Lamb   Lecturer  for  2  quarters  Salary  due   Michaelmas  last 

5—0—0.     [No  date  to  this  but  about  1687.] 
1687  September  23.     Payed  to  Mr.  Lamb  Lecturer  10  :  00  :  00. 
1688-9.  Aug.  9.     Pd  Mr.  Coale  a  distressed  Irish  minister  01  :00  :00. 

A  few  sentences  in  explanation  of  these  names  may  be 
appropriately  appended :  — 

John(?)  Thompson,  1661—1662. 

No  information  about  bim  is  forthcoming,  unless  the 
following  from  the  St.  Mary's  Registers  may  be  regarded 
as  such :  — 

1660    Septemb    ffrances  ye   wife   of  John  Thompson   Clerk  ye   24th 
buried. 

In  the  Commonwealth  Survey  for  1649  is  a  reference  to 
John  Thompson,  Clerk  and  Petty  Canon ;  and  a  person  of 
this  name  also  appears  among  the  preachers  in  the  City 
during  its  Siege.^ 

John  Wargent,  B.A.,  1663—1665. 

Probably  the  person  of  that  name  who  matriculated, 
Wadham  College,  Oxford,  June  1st,  1621,  at  the  age  of 
18  years.2  He  took  the  Engagement  May  16th,  1650.^ 
In  August,  1654,  he  received  Augmentation  as  Yicar  of 
Thornton-in-Lonsdale.*  There  seems  to  have  been 
trouble    with    him    here.       He    wanted    the    living    at 

1.  Vide  p.  141. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Rawlinson  MSS.  D711  (Bodleian  Library).  This  is  a  register  of 
such  Ministers  as  took  the  Engagement  to  be  "true  and  faithfull  to 
the  Commonwealth  of  England  as  the  same  is  now  established  without 
a  King  or  House  of  Lords." 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   968. 


John   Wargent  183 

Leighton  Buzzard;  but  the  Trustees  for  Maintenance  of 
Ministers,  before  whom  he  appeared  March  19th,  1657, 
refused  it,  and  charged  him  with  being  a  swearer.  In 
his  letter  to  Walker,  John  Aykrigg,  his  successor,  at 
Thornton,  says  :  — 

In  answer  to  the  Queries  sent  to  the  Clergy  from  the  visitation 
holden  at  Lancaster  24  ^lay,  1705  :  These  are  to  Certifie  whom  it 
may  concerne  that  Mr.  John  Wargent  in  the  year  1662  was  Vicar  at 
Thornton  in  Lonsdale  in  the  Arch-Deaconry  of  Eichmond  and  Diocess 
of  Chester ;  by  presentacon  froni  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Worcester ; 
which  Mr.  Wargent  was  no  suiferer  in  his  place  in  the  times  of  the 
Grand  Rebellion  but  of  his  owne  accord  in  the  year  1662  left  the 
liveing  for  a  better  benefit  in  a  Church  in  the  City  of  Carlile,  where 
he  continued  peaceably  till  he  dyed. 

This  is  part  of  the  letter  only.  It  is  signed  "  John 
Aykrigg,  Vicar  of  Thornton  in  Lonsdale,  and  addressed 
to  Clavell,  Bookseller,  in  London."  ^ 

It  should  however  be  said  that  the  Lambeth  MS. 
(Plund.  Min.)  995,  under  date  March  12th,  1657,  gives 
John  Wargent  as  "  late  Minister  of  Thornton  in 
Longsdale,"  and  contains  the  order  that  he  be  paid  "  all 
arreares  of  the  augmentation  to  him  due  for  the  time  hee 
officiated  the  cure  of  the  said  place."  In  1663  he  obtained 
the  Bishop's  license  to  preach,  being  ordained  Priest  on 
the  same  day  :  — 

Eodem  die  [Dec.  21.  1663]  Licentia  pradicandi  concessa  Johanni 
Wargent  Clerico  in  Artibus  Baca. 

Eodem  die  Licentia  ad  inserviendum  curae  animarum  concessa 
eidem  Johi  Wargent.  2 

He  died  at  the  end  of  1666,  his  burial  entry  reading  thus : 
"  1666  Decemb.  Abbey,  John  Wargent,  Lecturer  ye  20th 
buried."  ^  Dr.  Smith,  writing  to  Daniel  Fleming  of 
Rydal  Hall,  under  date  December  21st,  1666,  says:  — 
"  Mr.  Wargent  Lecturer  is  now  at  ye  point  of  death  of  a 
Consumption."     He  was  also  a  Minor  Canon.'* 

1.  Walker  MSS.  C.  1,  No.  242  (Bodl.  Library). 

2.  Episcopal  Register.     Dean  and   Chapter  Library,   Carlisle. 

3.  St.   Mary's  Registers. 

4.  "The  Flemings  in  Oxford"  by  Dr.  Magrath,  pp.  163,  555. 


184  The   Ejected    of  1662 

John  Brooke,  1669. 

The  following  are  his  receipts :  — 

March  25th.  69. 

Received  the  day  and  yeare  aboue  written  of  Mr.  Thomas  Jackson 
Chamberlaine  the  sume  of  three  pounds  six  shillings  eight  pence 
being  the  Cyties  beneuolence  to  the  Lecturer,  reward  the  Good  Lord. 
I  say  received  the  sume  aboue  saide  by  mee 

John  Brooke  Lecturer. 
September  :  ye  21th  1670. 

Then  :  received  of  :  Mr.  Thomas  :  Jackson  :  Chamberlane  the  sum 
of  :  three  poundes  six  shillings  eight  pence  being  the  Cittys  beneuo- 
lence :  to  and  being  in  full  all  that  is  due  for  this  year  :  part  :  I  say 
received  the  day  and  year  aboue  written 

p  me  John  Brooke  Lecturer.! 

No  further  information  about  him  is  forthcoming. 

Jo.  Stalker,  1670. 

In  the  St.  Cuthbert's  Transcripts  we  have  the 
following :  — 

Botchardgate  intra — Eliza  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Jo  :  Stalker  Master 
of  ye  free  Schoole  in  Carlile  &  Lecturer  of  St.  Cuth  :  bapt  1  of 
April]  1670. 

Roland  Nicols,  M.A.,  1686. 

He  was  Rector  of  Aikton  and  for  some  time  Chancellor 
of  the  Diocese.^  The  baptism  by  him  of  a  girl  fifteen 
years  old  is  thus  noticed  in  the  St.  Cuthbert's  Tran- 
scripts :  — 

1674  Botchergate  wthin. 

Tabitha  ye  daughter  of  Eliza  Capell  bapt  by  ye  Rev'end  Mr. 
Roland  Nicols  Chancellor  in  ye  presence  of  Tho.  Bacon  and  his  wife 
and  Mrs.  Maison  being  about  ye  age  of  15  years  old  ye  15  of  Aprill. 

James  Lamb,  M.A.,  1687. 
He  was  Yicar  of  St.  Lawrence,  Appleby.^ 

It  is  unnecessary  to  trace  the  Lectureship  further ;  and, 
during  part,   at   least,   of  the   period   passed   in   review, 

1.  The  Lectureship,  &c.,  p.  329. 

2.  Vide  p.  636. 

3.  Vide  pp.  294,  1136. 


Curates  185 

Curates  officiated  at  St.  Mary's  and  St.  Cutlibert's.  The 
following  names  have  been  gleaned  from  the  Registers, 
though  it  is  not  certain  that  all  served  in  this  capacity :  — 

St.  Mary's. 
George  Martin. 

Burial  1675-6  ffeb.  Castlegate,  George  Martin  Minor  Cannon  of  the 
Cathedral  Church  23  daie. 

A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Warcop  in  1626.  ^ 

Christopher  Knight,  1685. 

He  performs  marriage  services  in  1685,  1686,  1691.  A 
person  of  this  name  appears  at  Hayton  in  1627  and 
Bolton  in  1687. 2 

Jo.  Clarke,  1697. 

A  marriage  here  was  conducted  by  him  in  that  year. 

George  Brathwaithe,  1691. 

May    1691    Abbey,    Tho   ye   son   of   Geo.    Brathwt.    Curate   of   St. 
Maries  buried  ye  17th  of  Maij. 

1720,  English  Street  Mrs.  Brathwaite  June  ye  28th  [Burial]. 
June  14  Paid  Mr.  Brathwaite  all  Burials  to  this  day  May  31st  1745. 

The  Editor  of  Bishop  Nicolson's  Diary  gives  the 
following  interesting  particulars  respecting  him :  — 

Connected  with  the  Cathedral  83  years.  Chorister  on  first  roll 
call  after  Restoration  Nov.  23,  1668,  Minor  Canon  1679,  nominated 
Curate  of  St.  Mary's  April  8,  1685.  In  1750  by  reason  of  his  great 
age  and  loss  cf  sight  incapable  of  doing  ajiy  part  of  his  duty.  3 

— .  Smith,  1702. 

7ber  ye  22.  1702. 

Abbey  Mr.  Smith  Minister  buried  ye  22  daye 

1.  Vide  p.   1124. 

2.  Vide  pp.  286,  1176. 

3.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  2.     Note  :  vide  also  vol.  vi,  p.  339. 


i86  The   Ejected   of  1662 

— .  FiDDEs,  1734. 

Abbey  The  Reverend   Mr.  fiddes  buried  ye   11   day  of  September 
1734. 

— .    BiRKET,    1735. 

Burial   The  reverend   Mr.   Birket  Preben  of  Carlile  child  31  Dec 
1735. 

St.  Cuthbert's. 
Thos.  Stalker,  M.A.,  1673. 

He   was   ordained   Priest   September  25th,   1670;    and 
subsequently  beld  the  livings  of  Thursby  and  Rocliffe.^ 
The  Transcripts  give  the  following  :  — 

1673  Botchergate  wthin  Mary  ye  daughter  of  Mr.   Tho.   Stalker 
Ministr  of  St.  Cuthberts  bapt.  ye  16th  day— 1673. 
Burials  Mary  doughter  of  Mr.  Thos.  Stalker  ye  24  day  [Dec.  1673]. 

William  Addison,  1673. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  25th,  1670,  and 
signs  the  Transcripts  for  1673,  as  "  Curate  ibm."  The 
following  also  doubtless  refer  to  him  :  — 

Bapt  ffeb  1680-1.     Abbeygate  Susanna  ye     daughter  of  Mr.   W. 
Addison  bapt   15th. 

1694,  Abbeygate,  Mr.  Willm  Addison  buried  ye  3rd  Sept.  2 

John  Calvert,  1678. 

He  signs  the  Transcripts  for  a  "  vera  copia "  as 
"  Clerk,"  and  in  another  place  as  "  Clericus."  There  is 
the  burial  entry  of  John  Calvert  "  Clerk  of  Carlisle," 
July  24th,  1720.  The  St.  Mary's  Registers  also  contain 
the  following :  — 

Baptism    1694,    May,    fish' gate,   Mary   ye    daughter   of    Mr.    Jo. 

Calvert  ye  16th. 

Possibly  the  person  of  that  name  who  was  ordained 
Deacon  March,  15th,  1684-5,  and  was  at  Cumrew  and 
Rocliffe.  3 

1.  Vide  315,  544. 

2.  St.   Mary's  Registers. 

3.  Vide  pp.  269,  316. 


Presentments  187 

John  Calvert  and  Thomas  Bewley  are  referred  to  in 
Bishop  Nicolson's  Diary  as  the  two  "  fighting  petty- 
Canons"  "suspended  ab  ofl&cio  et  Beneficio.''  An  apology 
for  "  kicking,  boxing,  and  by  word  abusing  each  other  " 
was  signed  by  both  on  April  28th,  1705,  before  restoration 
to  office.^ 

Thos.  Bewley,  1698. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  of  St.  Cuthbert's  in  1698,  and 
signs  the  Transcripts  in  1707.  Nicolson,  in  an  account  of 
his  ordination  as  a  Deacon,  December  21st,  1684,  remarks 
that  "  Bewley  promis'd  my  Ld.  never  to  aim  at  priest's 
orders;  nor  to  take  a  Cure."  ^ 

Thomas  Addison,  1728. 

He  signs  as  "Curate"  in  1728;  and  as  "Minister" 
in  1731.  Possibly  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears 
at  Cumrew  and  Grinsdale.^ 

The  following  Presentments  are  noted  in  the  St. 
Cuthbert's  Transcripts  :  — 

[About  1666.]     The  names  of  whom  is  psented  wthin  Botchardgate 
quarter  wthin  for  not  cominge  to  divine  Service  is 

Mr.  Tho.  Sewell 

Elizabeth  his  wife 

Rich.  Heath  and  his  wife 

Jacob  Beers 

Mr.  Rich.  Scott 

Mr.   Cuth.   Studholme  and 

Barbara  his  wife  ^ 

George   Biglands   and   Mabell   his   wife. 
1683. 

John  Carlile. 

Duro  Dockeray 

Richard  Peat  &  wife,  Nonconformists. 

1.  Nicolson's  Diary,  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  216  and  note. 

2.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  i,  p.  22. 

3.  Vide  pp.  222,  269. 

4.  Vide  p.  1365 


II.     STANWIX. 

Frequently  it  appears  in  older  documents  as  "  Stannix  " 
or  "  Stanwick,"  and  is  now  a  northern  suburb  of  Carlisle. 
The  Registers  of  the  Church,  which  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Michael,  date  from  1660,  and  not,  as  Whellan  says,  1650 ; 
Bishop  Nicolson  says  1661.  The  first  volume  is  long  and 
narrow :  it  is  in  good  condition,  the  writing  being  legible 
and  clear.     At  the  beginning  is  the  following  :  — 

A   Register   booke   referring  unto   the   parish  church   of   Stannix 
for  all  Birthes  Buriells  and  Wedings  in  this  case  provided 
In  the  Yeare  of  our  Lord 
16hund  &  60ty. 

At  the  other  end  of  the  book  we  read :  — 

The  Register  Booke  of  Stanwix 
Geo.  Buchanan  prebendarie 
of  Carlile  being  vicar  of  Stanwix  1662  Burials. 

There  is  also  a  "  Book  of  Accounts  "  full  of  interesting 
matter,  from  which  most  writers  have  largely  drawn. 
The  following  is  the  title :  — 

A  Book  of  Accounts 
belonging  to 
The  Parish  of  Stanwix 
in  the  Diocese 
of 
Carlisle 
Wherein    are    carefully   Sett  down    not    only    all    the    accounts    that 
Relate  to  the  Church,  but  also  all  other  Matters  that  Could  be  mett 
wth  in  old  Records  &  Writeings  that  may  Concern  the  Vicaridge  of 
Stanwix,   Steinweggs,   or  Steynwygges    Begun  by   Mr.    Hugh  Todd, 
A.M.   Canon  of  the  Church  of  Carlisle  and  vicar  of  Stanwix. 

The  list  of  Incumbents  is  as  follows :  — 

John  Braythwaite,     1585 — 1602. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Meye  in  September,  1585, 
and  died  in  1602. 


Stanwix  189 

Thomas  Langhorne,  B.A.,  1602 — 1614. 

Collated  by  Bishop  Eobinson,  July  IQth,  1602.  The 
Langhornes  belonged  to  Cumberland  and  Westmorland, 
and  Foster  gives  the  following  respecting  a  person  of  this 
name :  — 

Langhorne,  Thomas,  of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric. 
Oct.  10,  1595,  aged  15;  B.A.  25  Jan.  1599—1600;  M.A.  from  St. 
Edmund  Hall,  6  July  1603,  then  in  orders,  i 

It  is  quite  possible  that  this  was  the  Yiear  of  Stanwix. 
He  died  in  1614. 

John  Robinson,  M.A.,  1614. 

Possibly  John  Robinson  of  Carlisle,  pleb.  who  matricu- 
lated Queen's  College,  Oxford,  April  12th,  1605,  at  the 
age  of  15,  graduated  B.A.  November  3rd,  1609,  and  M.A. 
July  8th,  1613.2  He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Robinson, 
October  21st,  1614,  and  may  have  been  a  relative.  Dr. 
Todd  says  Bishop  Meye,  but  the  latter  had  been  dead  at 
this  time  nearly  twenty  years.  A  person  of  this  name 
appears  at  Kirkland  in  1626.^ 

Robert  Wright,  1616. 

This  is  quite  a  new  name.  He  was  collated  by  Bishop 
Snowden,  February  9th,  1616 ;  and  the  place  is  given  as 
"  Stanwiketh  als  Stanwix."  *  Foster  has  a  considerable 
number  of  persons  of  this  name  in  his  Oxford  Alumni; 
but  no  one  is  assigned  to  Stanwix.  Probably  subsequently 
at  Great  Salkeld.^ 

John  Jackson,  1622—1624. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Milburn,  February  Ist,  1622 ; 
and  resigned  in  1624.  Dr.  Todd  in  the  Account  Book 
refers  to  the  letting  of  a  certain  property  in  1635  to  John 
Jackson,  Clerke. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ihid. 

3.  Vide  p.  391. 

4.  Institution  Books  (Record  Office). 

5.  Vide  p.  360. 


I90  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Robert  Brown,  M.A.,  1624—1639. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Senhouse,  September  12tli, 
1624,  The  Dufton  E-egisters  give  his  marriage  in  1634 
and  state  that  he  was  Yicar  of  Kirkbampton  as  well  as  of 
Stanwix :  — 

1634    August   Mr.   Robert   Browne   Vicar  of  Stanwix  and  Kirk- 
bampton and  Mistresse  Dorothie  Hewer  married  25. 

He  died  in  1639. i 

Richard  Welshman,  1639. 

He  was  collated  July  1st,  1639,  by  Bishop  Potter,  and 
had  previously  been  at  Crosby-on-Eden,  a  few  miles  away.^ 
According  to  Dr.  Todd,  Bishop  Potter  was  Welshman's 
uncle.  William  Lampit  refers  to  him  as  Minister  of 
Stanwix  in  1650,  and  says  that  he  was  "  an  enemy  in 
Carlisle  Town  when  the  Leager  was  against  it."^  Shortly 
after  this  he  died  or  resigned.  The  Stanwix  Registers 
give  the  following  :  — 

Burials.     May  25.     Mrs.   Isabell   Welshman  of   Stanwix,    1689. 
1695  Mary  Welshman  daughter  of  Mr.  Eichard  Welshman  (formerly 
vicar  of  Stanwix)  November  1. 

Dr.  Todd,  in  his  account  of  the  Parish,  after  Welshman, 
says :  — 

A.D.   1653  aut  circ. 

Joseph  Nicholson,  A.M.    After  his  Time  ye  Place  was  supply'd 
by  Itinerants. 

The  phrase  "  aut  circ  "  does  not  save  this  statement  from 
being  quite  erroneous,  Nicolson  coming  considerably  later. 
Nicolson  and  Burn  also  go  straight  from  Welshman  in 
1639  to  George  Buchanan  in  1661.*  Much  of  interest, 
however,  intervenes  as  will  appear  from  what  follows. 
It  would  seem  that  at  this  time  Stanwix  and  Crosby-on- 
Eden  were  united. 

1.  Vide  p.  606. 

2.  Vide  p.  200. 

3.  Vide  p.  624. 

4.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  455 


Stanwix  1 9 1 

Thomas  Turner,  1653—1657. 

His  order  for  Augmentation  reads  thus :  — 

30  Junij  '54. 
Tho.  Turner 

The  like  ordr  for  Mr.  Tho.  Turner  of  Stanwix  &  Crosby  in  ye 
County  of  Cumb.  upon  an  ordr.  from  ye  Comrs.  for  Approbacon  &c. 
27  Junij  '54  directed  to  Cumberland.* 

Similarly  the  following  :  — 
Stannix 

Crosby  June    1,    1658. 

Whereas  it  appeares  to  these  Trustees  that  Mr.  Thomas  Turner,  late 
Ministr.  of  Stannix,  Crosby,  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  hath 
receeved  the  revenue  profitts  of  the  p'misses  for  the  yeare  1657 
according  to  the  order  of  the  Comrs.  for  p'pagacon  of  the  Gospell  in 
the  foure  Northerne  Counties  It  is  ordered  that  upon  the  said  Mr. 
Turner  his  payment  of  soe  much  money  as  the  reserved  rent  formerly 
due  out  of  the  p'misses  to  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle  did 
amount  unto  for  one  yeare  that  the  residue  of  ye  sd  profitts  be  allowed 
unto  him  accordingly  and  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr.  doe 
allow  the  same  accordingly 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri  Sydenham  George  Cowper  Jo  Pocock  Ri.  Yong.^ 

Thomas  Turner  removed  to  Torpenhow  and  was  after- 
wards ejected  there. ^ 

In  April,  1656,  Thomas  Turner,  Schoolmaster  of  Carlisle, 
appears  along  with  other  petitioners  on  behalf  of  Isaac 
TuUie;  and,  about  1652,  a  person  of  this  name  was 
Schoolmaster  at  Kirkby  Lonsdale;  while  Thomas  Turner, 
"  Preacher  of  the  Word,"  signs  the  Baxter  Letter  in 
1653.  *  Whether  it  is  the  same  individual  throughout 
has  not  been  ascertained.  The  union  of  the  two  Parishes 
was  of  short  duration,  and  John  Collier  was  appointed  to 
Crosby,  ^  while  Joseph  Nicolson  came  to  Stanwix. 

Joseph  Nicolson,  M.A.,  1658—1660. 

He  had  previously  been  at  Great  Orton,  Thursby,  and 
Plumbland.^     The  following  documents  set  the  story  of 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.  G.  22  (Record  Office). 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  995. 

3.  Vide  p.  581. 

4.  Vide  pp.    89,  933. 

5.  Vide  p.  201. 

6.  Vide  pp.  230,  533,  584. 


192  The   Ejected   of  1662 

the  relations  between  these  two  Parishes  in  their  true 
light,  and  they  are  an  interesting  commentary  upon 
Walker's  statement  about  Joseph  Nicolson's  Sequestration 
from  Plumbland :  — 

Stannix. 

To  the  Comrs.  &c.  the  true  and  undoubted  Patrons  of  the  vicarage 
of  the  pish  Church  of  Stannix  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  now 
become  void  by  the  death  of  the  last  Incumbent  or  any  other  wayes 
howsoever  Have  nominated  &  presented  and  by  these  presents  doe 
nominate  and  psent  Joseph  Nicholson  Minister  of  the  word  to  the 
said  vicarage  praying  &c.  appurtenances  thereof  which  we  doe  hereby 
upon  ye  admission  graunt  unto  him  and  that  it  please  you  to  doe  all 
other  thinges  requisite  and  necessary  to  be  done  by  you  in  this 
behalfe.  In  witnes  whereof  wee  have  hereunto  sett  or.  handes  and 
Seales  the  ffourth  day  of  November  in  the  yeare  &c.  one  thousand 
Six  hundred  ffifty  and  eight.  Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Jo  Humfrey 
Jo  Pocock  Richard  Yong.^ 

Stannix  Nov.  4,   1658. 

Ffor  the  better  incouragemt.  of  Mr.  John  [Joseph]  Nicholson  in 
the  discharge  of  ye  duty  of  Minister  of  Stannix  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  and  that  hee  may  likewise  officiate  to  the  parishioners 
of  Crosby  in  the  said  County  neare  adjoyning  to  the  said  Parish  for 
inquiry  concerning  the  Union  whereof  a  Comission  is  this  day 
directed  to  bee  held.  And  that  the  said  Mr.  Nicholson  may  not  bee 
destitute  of  Maintennce  till  the  said  Union  bee  effected  as  aforesaid 
It  is  ordered  that  upon  his  officiating  as  aforesaid  till  the  25th  day 
of  March  next.  The  sume  of  thirty  poundes  bee  paid  unto  him  out 
of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  tithes  arising  within  the  said  parish  and 
lately  come  into  the  possion  of  these  Trustees  by  expiration  of  the 
lease  thereof.  And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwayte  Recr.  doe  pay 
the  same  accordingly.  Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Humfrey  Ri. 
Yong  Jo.  Pocock  Edw.  Cressett.  2 

Stannix  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland. 

Joseph  Nicholson  CI.  admitted  the  25th  day  of  ffebruary  1658  to 
ye  V.  of  Stannix  in  ye  County  of  Cumbland  Upon  a  Pres.  exhibited 
ye  tenth  day  of  November  1658  from  the  Trustees  for  maintenance 
of  Ministers  And  Certificates  from  Rich.  Gilpin  Tim.  Tullye  Chr. 
Mattenson  John  Harrison  Roger  Baldwyn  Jo.  Myriell  Comfort 
Starre.3 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.),  983. 

2.  Ibid.,   995. 

3.  Ibid.,  999. 


Stanwix  193 

Stanwix 
d.d.  [delivered]  December  23,  1659. 

6  Mar. 

Whereas  ye  vicarage  of  ye  psh  Church  of  Stanwix  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  exceedeth  not  the  yearly  value  of  twenty  pounds  the 
Leases  of  ye  Impropriate  tithes  of  Stanwix  aforesd  and  of  Stanton 
and  Houghton  and  of  Rickerby  both  in  the  said  psh  of  Stanwix  and 
all  pcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye  late  Deane  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle  are 
lately  expired  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearly  Sume  of  twenty  pounds 
being  the  rent  reserved  upon  the  Lease  let  by  these  Trustees  of  ye 
sd  tithes  of  Stanwix  the  further  yearly  sume  of  fforty  pounds  being 
the  rent  reserved  upon  ye  Lease  of  ye  tithes  of  Stanton  and  Houghton 
and  ye  further  yearly  Sume  of  twenty  pounds  out  of  ye  rents  & 
profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Rickerby  amounting  in  all  to  the  yearly  sume 
of  ffourscore  pounds  be  granted  to  &  for  increase  of  ye  maintennce 
of  such  godly  and  painefuU  preachers  of  ye  Gospell  as  shall  be  from  time 
to  time  duely  setled  Ministrs.  of  ye  sd  psh  Church  approved  as  by 
authority  of  parliamt.  is  directed  and  that  the  same  be  paid  to  Mr. 
Joseph  Nicholson  p'sent  Minister  of  Stanwix  aforesd  of  whose  godly 
Conversacon  ability  &  fitnes  for  ye  sd  place  these  Trustees  have 
reed,  good  testimony  to  hold  from  the  25th.  day  of  March  last  for 
such  time  as  he  shall  continue  faithfully  to  discharge  the  duty  of  ye 
Ministr.  of  ye  sd  place  And  that  Mr.  Edmond  Branthwayte  Recr. 
doe  pay  the  same  unto  the  said  Mr.  Nicholson  accordingly  And  it  is 
further  ordered  that  upon  setting  out  soe  much  tithes  in  kind  as  will 
make  up  the  said  vicarage  lOOli  a  year  due  course  shall  be  taken  for 
annexing  thereof  according  to  the  Act  of  Parliamnt  in  that  behalfe. 
And  it  is  further  ordered  that  ye  sd  Mr.  Nicholson  doe  pay  out  of 
the  first  money  he  shall  receive  of  ye  sd  Augmentacon  the  sume  of 
ten  pounds  unto  Mr.  John  Collier  Minister  at  Crosby  in  ye  sd  County 
of  Cumberland  Graunted  unto  him  by  ordr.  of  ye  9th.  of  March  1658 
&  hitherto  unpaid  unto  him  &  that  ye  said  Mr.  Branthwayte  doe 
therefore  forbeare  paymt.  of  ye  sd  ten  pounds  unto  ye  sd  Mr.  Collier 
notwithstanding  the  direction  of  ye  sd  ordr.  of  ye  9th.  of  March  1658 
unlesse  by  ye  award  of  Mr.  Craistr.  and  Mr.  Briscoe  persons  indefer- 
ently  chosen  for  that  purpose  it  shall  be  agreed  on. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Wm.  Steele  Ri.  Yong  Jo.  Pocock  Wm.  Skinner 
George  Cowper.' 

At  the  Restoration  Joseph  Nicolson  returned  to  Plnmb- 
land.-     The  St.  Mary's  Registers  give  the  baptism  of  a 

1.  Lambeth   MSS.    {Plund.   Min.),  987. 

2.  Vide  p.  589. 


194  The   Ejected   of   1662 

daughter  during  the  period  of  his  residence  in  this  neigh- 
bourhood :  — 

Richardgate — Mary  ye   daughter   of   Joseph  Nicholson   clerke   ye 
9  June  1658. 

George  Buchanan,  M.A.,  1661 — 1665. 

He  was  the  Sequestered  Vicar  of  Kirkby  Lonsdale  ^  -and 
was  collated  to  Stanwix  by  Bishop  Sterne,  April  24th, 
1661.  His  Petition  for  the  Prebendship  of  the  Fourth 
Stall,  in  June,  1660,  was  successful.-  He  is  returned  as 
one  of  the  clerks  of  Convocation  along  with  Edmund 
Mauleverer,  of  Crosby  Garrett,  June  8th,  1661.  ^  On 
December  8th,  1664,  there  was  granted  to  him  and  his 
wife  "Nicolas"  the  lease  of  Caldewstones  for  a  term  of 
twenty  one  years.  At  his  instance  absolution  from  the 
sentence  of  excommunication  was  given  to  Leonard  Mil- 
burn,  July  20th,  1665 ;  and  to  Edward  Langhorn  "  de 
Hauxdale,"  August  24th  of  the  same  year.*  Dr.  Todd 
states  that  he  was  collated  in  1660,  and  instituted  April 
24th,  1661 ;  also  that  at  his  death,  which,  he  says,  took 
place  in  1664,  he  "  gave  51i  to  ye  Parish,  the  Interest  of 
wch  is  to  be  given  to  a  Schoolmaster  as  ye  Vicar  shall 
order."  He  adds  :  "  Miss  Nicholson  has  ye  Money  in  her 
hands."  ^  In  the  Registers  of  St.  Mary's  Church  are  the 
burial  entries  of  himself  and  wife,  thus  :  — 

1665   December.     Abbey  Geo.   Buchanan   prbend    in   Ecclia   ye   2d 
buried. 

1668,  Septemb  Nicholas  Buchanan  buried  ye  3d  daie. 

Henry  Marshall,  M.A.,  1666—1667. 

He  was  collated  March  31st,  1666,  by  Bishop  Rainbow, 
and  was  Chancellor  as  well  as  Prebendary.  Jefferson 
says  that  the  year  after  his  collation  he  was  "  murdered 
at   Stanwix,   while   standing   at   his   own   door  and   was 

1.  Vide  p.  1011. 

2.  Vide  p.   178. 

3.  Episcopal  Registers. 

4.  Ibid. 

5.  Book  of  Accounts. 


Stanwix  195 

interred  in  the  cathedral."^  Dr.  Smith,  in  his  letter  to 
Daniel  Fleming,  December  21st,  1666,  repeats  the  story 
of  his  fall  down  stairs,  stating  that  his  skull  was  "  so 
broke,  yt  he  died  of  it  the  next  day,  having  never  spoken 
after  it."^  He  continued  to  hold  the  Crosthwaite  living 
along  with  his  other  preferments,^ 

Jeremiah  Nelson,  M.A.,  1667 — 1676. 

He  was  collated  on  June  4th,  1667,  by  Bishop  Rainbow, 
whom  he  served  as  Chaplain,  being  also  Prebendary  of 
Carlisle.  He  had  previously  been  at  Elsdon  in  Northum- 
berland, his  admission  thereto  being  noted  thus:  — 

Jeremiah  Nelson   M.A.   admitted  4th  of   Dec.    1657  to  Rectory  ot 
Eslesden  in  Northumberland.* 

His  Composition  for  First  Fruits  was  about  the  same  time 
as  the  following  indicates  :  — 

December  1657. 

Elsdon  Jeremiah  Nelson  cl.     Bound  ye     ffirst  June  1658 

Northumberland  R.    said  Jeremiah  Nelson  &  Edmund     ffirst  Dec.    1658 

Nelson   of    ye    Middle    Temple     ffirst  June  1659 

Lend,  gent.5  ffirst  Dec.    1659 

xviijli 

His  life  in  that  out  of  the  way  place  was  not  uneventful. 
Hence  the  subjoined:  — 

LXXXIX.  Some  persons  uxkxowx.  For  a  Burglary. 
June  6.  1660.  Jeremiah  Nelson,  Minister  of  Ellesdon,  saith  that  on 
May  the  7th  a  litle  before  midnight,  certain  men  broke  into  his 
house,  and  came  with  swords  and  pistolls  into  the  said  house,  and 
shot  off  a  pistoll,  and  did  come  into  the  lodging  parlour  where  he  and 
his  wife  lyes,  and  did  threaten  him  often  that  if  he  would  not  give 
them  his  money  presently  they  would  kill  him,  and  one  of  them  said 
often,  "Kill  Baal's  Preist,"  and  they  took  away  a  purse  and  bag  and 
money  in  it. 6 

1.  Hist,  of  Carlisle,  p.   259. 

2.  The  Flemings  in  Oxford,  p.  163. 

3.  Vide  under  Crosthwaite  (p.  657)  where  the  story  of  his  accident  is 
[  given. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  998. 

5.  Composition  Books  (Record  Office),  vol.  22. 

6.  Depositions  from  York  Castle  (Surtees  Soc,  Vol.  40),  p.  84. 


196  The   Ejected   of  1662 

[No  date  but  Calendar  gives  1665  (?).] 

The  Kings  most  Excellent  Maty.     The  humble  Peticon  of  Jeremiah 
Nelson  Gierke,  Eector  of  Ellesdon  in  the  County  of  Northumberland. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Peticoner  being  an  old  man  above  sixty  yeares  of  age  and 
taken  wth  severall  violent  distempers,  &  Liveing  above  24  miles 
distant  from  any  Phisitian  or  other  helpe  from  his  said  Sicknesse,  & 
haveing  always  been  Loyall  and  conformable  to  the  Church  of 
England,  he  haveing  suffered  above  the  value  of  two  thousand  pounds 
sterling  by  the  late  times  of  Rebellion,  all  wch  being  no  more  but 
truth 

Humbly  prayes  now  in  his  old  age  his  Maty  will  be  pleased  to  grant 
yor  Peticonr  yor  Royall  dispensacon  to  remove  to  use  the  best  meanes 
he  may  in  ordr  to  his  recovery,  &  that  he  may  receive  &  enjoy  the 
benefitts  belonging  to  the  said  Rectory,  he  takeing  care,  that  the  Cure 
thereof  shall  be  fully  supplyed. 

And  yor  Petr  as  in  duty  bound  shall 
pray  for  yor  Maty. 

Jer.  Nelson. 
Mr.  Nelson's  Petn  for 

Non  Residence  (Dr.  Basire).^ 

Old  as  he  was,  lie  sought  and  obtained  a  dispensation  to 
hold  Stanwix  along  with  his  other  preferment,  as  appears 
from  the  following  :  — 

Jeremy  Nelson  M.A.  Chaplain  to  Guy  Bp.  of  BristoU  despensn  to 
hold  with  the  Vicarage  of  Stanwix  in  Diocesse  of  Carlisle  &  County  of 
Cumberld  the  Vicarage  of  Corbride  in  Diocesse  &  County  of  Durham. 
Winder  June  4th  1674.=' 

In  the  St.  Mary's  Registers,  Carlisle,  occur  these  entries : 

1671-2  Abbey  within,  ffrances  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Jeremiah  Nelson 
ye  same  day  [ffeb.  27]. 

1673  July  Abbey  gate  John  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Jeremiah  Nelson  bapt. 
ye  last  day. 

1676  Abbeygate  Mary  daughter  of  Mr.  Jeremiah  Nelson  bapt. 
the  7th  daie  [July]. 

He   resigned   in   1676.       Bishop   Nicolson   in   his   Diary     II 
under  date  June  21st,  1685,  says  : "  Mr.  Nelson  bury'd  at       ' 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  vol.  142,  pt.  ii,  p.  169. 

2.  S.  P.  Dom.  Entry  Book,  27. 


Stanwix  197 

evening  prayer.     Mr.   Nicols  proffer'd  to  preach. "^     He 
was  exceedingly  active  against  the  Quakers. ^ 

John  Tomlinson,  M.A.,  1676—1685. 

A  graduate  of  Glasgow  University,  incorporated  at 
Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  and  at  Oxford,  July  11th, 
1676.^  He  was  ordained  Deacon,  September  24th,  1671, 
Priest,  September  21st,  1673,  and  was  collated  August 
30th,  1676,  "  per  cession "  of  Jeremiah  Nelson.  There 
was  a  John  Tomlinson,  son  of  E-ichard  Tomlinson  of 
Dalton-in-Furness,  who  went  from  Sedbergh  School  to 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1653,  being  eighteen 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  entering.  He  was  elected 
Fellow  in  1656.^  John  Tomlinson,  the  Stanwix  Yicar 
died  in  1685. 

Hugh  Todd,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1685—1688. 

He  was  collated,  by  Bishop  Thomas  Smith,  October 
2nd,  1685,  and  resigned  February  23rd,  1688,  "  ex  mero 
motu."  Previously  he  had  been  at  Kirkland  and  sub- 
sequently became  Rector  of  Arthuret  and  Vicar  of 
Penrith.  ^ 

Nathaniel  Spooner,  M.A.,  1688 — 1703. 

Previously  at  Cliburn,  and  for  some  time  held  the 
living  at  Kirkland  ^  along  with  that  of  Stanwix.  His 
wife  was  Elizabeth,  Bishop  Nicolson's  sister.  The  following 
entries  appear  in  the  St.  Mary's  Registers :  — 

Baptism  Abbey — Mary  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Nath.  Spooner  ye  3d  of 
October  1701. 
Burials 

March  1696-7.  Abbey  Jos.  ye  son  of  Mr.  Nath.  Spooner  ye  10th  dale. 

Abbey  Mrs.  Eliz.  Spooner  buried  ye  3d  daie  Novr  1698.  7 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol  i,  p.  31. 

2.  Besse's  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  vol.  i,  p.  133. 

3.  AI.  Ox. 

4.  Sedbergh  School  Register,  by  B.  Wilson,  p.  83. 

5.  Vide  pp.  306,  436. 

6.  Vide  398,  1244. 

7.  This  cannot  of  course  be  his  wife,  because  she  survived  him  and  in 
July,  1705,  married  E.  Carlile. 


198  The   Ejected   of  1662 

In  his  Diary,  under  date  July  16th,  1702,  Bishop  Nicolson 


My  brother  Spooner  went  to  Stanwix-church  (ye  first  time  since 
Xtmas  last)  and  marry'd  a  couple ;   returning  in  pretty  good  health,  i 

He  died  in  1703.     In  the  Edinburgh  University  list  of 
graduates  appears  the  following:  — 

July  25.  1612.     Nicolaus  Spoonerius,  Minister  Verbi  Anglus.2 
Whether  he  was  a  relative  has  not  been  ascertained. 

George  Fleming,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1703—1705. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Nicolson,  August  2nd,  1703, 
and  resigned  March  25th,  1705.  Subsequently  he  was 
elevated  to  the  Episcopal  throne.  ^  The  Registers  of  St. 
Mary's  Church  contain  the  following :  — 

1708  Marriage  fhrth  Street  Mr.  Geo.  Fleming  and  Mrs.  Cath. 
Jefferson  Oct.  ye  25th.' 

Rose  Castle  Sir  George  Fleming  Bartt  Lord  Bishop  of  Carlisle 
Buried  ye  7  of  July  1747. 

Thomas  Benson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1705—1727. 

He  was  collated  March  28th,  1705,  by  Bishop  Nicolson, 
whom  he  served  as  Chaplain;  and  later  became 
Prebendary  of  the  Third  Stall.  He  was  the  son  of  Thomas 
Benson  of  Cockermouth  and  probably  grandson  of  George 
Benson,  the  Ejected  Minister  of  Bridekirk.  ^  He  matricu- 
lated Queen's  College,  Oxford,  April  3rd,  1696,  at  the  age 
of  seventeen,  took  his  B.A.  in  1699,  M.A.  in  1702,  and 
became  D.D.  July  5th,  1716.^  He  married  Mary,  the 
Bishop's  eldest  daughter;  and  to  his  Stanwix  living 
added  Dalston  in  October,  1714.  He  died  in  1727,  and 
by  his  Will  "  left  the  sum  of  £50  to  the  Parishes  of 
Stanwix  and  Dalston."  '' 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  172. 

2.  Cal.  of  Edinburgh  Graduates  (Bannatyne  Club). 

3.  Vide  pp.  382,  &c. 

4.  Bishop  Nicolson  says  the  28th  and  speaks  of  her  as  "Cous.  Cath. 
Jefferson."     Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  41. 

5.  Vide  p.  712. 

6.  Al.  Ox. 

7.  Jefferson's  Hist,  of  Carlisle,  p.  -io5. 


III.     CROSBY-ON-EDEN. 

This  Parish,  often  appearing  simply  as  Crosby,  as 
indicated  in  the  previous  section,  adjoins  Stanwix;  and 
for  some  time  the  two  livings  were  united  in  the  same 
person.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  John  the 
Evangelist.     Writing  in  1703,  Bishop  IS^icolson  says:  — 

The  Register-Book  (if  it  may  be  call'd  so)  is  most  scandalous ;  being 
loose,  in  paper,  and  of  no  Age.  It  looks  like  all  the  rest  that's  under 
the  care  of  Mr.  Bowey,  the  present  vicar ;  who  is  an  unhappy  Manager 
of  all  his  Concerns.' 

A  new  book  was  obtained  shortly  afterwards,  possibly  as 
the  result  of  the  Bishop's  visit;  and  Henry  Pearson, 
Parish  Clerk,  and  "  Ludimagister  de  Crosby,"  acted  as 
E-egistrar.  He  was  fond  of  disporting  his  Latin,  not  by 
any  means  always  accurate;  but  the  writing  is  like 
copper-plate.  On  the  inside  page  of  the  cover  is  the 
following :  — 

This  Register  Booke  was  bought  at  Carlisle  ye  second  day  of  May 
in  ye  year  of  our  Lord  god  1704  at  ye  Cost  of  ye  pish  of  Crosby  By 
Chrefor  Wannop  Roger  Linton  John  Teasdaile  and  John  Dalton, 
Allison  John,  old  Churchwardens  ye  price  was  Six  shillings  Three 
pence  p.  me  Henrie  Pearson. 

This  is  followed  by  two  baptisms,  one  in  1649  being  that 
of  "Henricus  Pearson"  himself  "  fillius  Jacobi."  Others 
promiscuously  inserted  as  to  date  succeed;  but  they  are 
few  in  number.  The  entries  are  continuous  from  1693, 
which  may  be  regarded  as  the  proper  date  for  the  Regis- 
ters.    The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents:  — 

L  Miscel.,  p.  106. 


200  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Thomas  Wilson,  1585, 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Meye  in  1585. 
Foster  gives  several  persons  of  this  name,^  but  no  one 
is  identified  with  the  Crosby  Vicar. 

Thomas  Shaw,  1612. 

He  was  collated  May  20,  1612,  by  Bishop  Robinson. 

Thomas  Milburn,  1627. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  December  14,  1623 ;  and  collated 
by  Bishop  White  June  18,  1627.  The  Institution  Books, 
for  some  reason  or  other,  give  a  second  collation  on  June 
26th  of  that  year.^  Probably  he  was  the  person  of  that 
name  who  appears  at  Cumwhitton  in  1624.^ 

Richard  Welshman,  1635 — 1639. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Potter  November  13,  1635; 
and  ceded  in  1639  on  his  acceptance  of  the  living  at 
Stanwix.* 

William  Hodgson,  B.A.,  1639. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  and  Priest  June  11,  1620,  being 
collated  to  Crosby  by  Bishop  Potter  October  5,  1639. 
Foster  gives  the  following  under  this  name  :  — "  Of  Yorks 
pleb.  Merton  College,  matric.  15  Dec.  1615,  aged  22;  B.A. 
24  Oct.  1616  :  one  of  these  names  vicar  of  Crosby-on-Eden, 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  It  may  be  well  to  state  here  once  for  all  that  slight  discrepancies  in 
the  dates  of  Institution  frequently  occur  between  the  Episcopal  Register 
and,  in  the  case  of  the  Chester  Diocese,  the  Act  Books,  the  Institution 
Books,  and  the  Parish  Registers.  For  the  comfort  of  the  reader,  however, 
it  may  be  added  that  generally  the  discrepancies  are  very  "slight,"  being 
represented  by  a  few  days,  or  at  most  a  month  or  two.  I  have  followed 
the  authority  in  each  case  which  seemed  most  likely. 

3.  Vide  p.  271  :  also  Institution  Books  and  Episcopal  Register. 

4.  Vide  p.  190. 


Crosby-on-Eden  201 

Cumberland,  1639."  ^  Nicolson  and  Burn  have  a  gap 
from  this  point  to  1661. ^  This,  however,  we  are  able  to 
fill  up  by  the  aid  of  the  Lambeth  MSS.  as  follows :  — 


Thomas  Turner,  1653—1657. 

He  was  also  at  Stanwix  and  subsequently  at  Torpenhow.^ 

Joseph  Nicolson,  M.A.,  1658. 

He  held  this  along  with  Stanwix  for  a  brief  time.* 

John  Collier  or  Collyer,  B.A.,  1658 — 1661  (?). 

Under  this  name  Foster  has  the  following  particulars : 
"  Of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  28  April 
1615,  aged  17:  B.A.  from  St.  Mary  Hall  12  May  1617; 
one  of  these  names  ejected  from  the  vicarage  of  Crosby, 
Cumberland,  in  1662,  under  the  act  of  uniformity."  ^ 
He  was  ordained  Deacon  December  22,  1622,^  and  is  given 
as  B.A.,  Chester  Diocese,  but  where  his  ministry  was 
exercised  up  to  this  date  we  have  no  means  of  knowing. 
The  following  deal  with  his  appointment  and  Augmenta- 
tion :  — 

Crosby.  March  3rd.  1657. 

Mr.  Wood  informing  that  the  Lease  of  the  tithes  of  Crosby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  expired  The  Trustees  doe  appoint  to  treate 
for  the  said  tithes  on  the  sixth  day  of  May  next  whereof  the  Receever 
of  Cumberland  is  to  take  notice  &  to  inquire  &  certify  according  to 
former  ordr.  in  that  behalf e.' 

Crosby.  ffebr.   15.   1658. 

Ordered  yt  Mr.  Craister  bee  desired  to  meet  with  these  Trustees  on 
the  seaventeenth  instant  when  they  doe  appoint  to  take  the  peticon  of 
Mr.  Collier  Minister  at  Crosby  this  day  read  into  further  Considera- 
tion." 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  457. 

3.  Vide  pp.  191,  581. 

4.  Vide  p.  191. 

5.  Al.  Ox. 

6.  Episcopal  Register. 

7.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  980. 

8.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  980. 


202  The   Ejected   of  1662 


Fryday  17  Februarij  1658. 

Crosby  & 

Stannix. 

Mr  Craister  Saith  there  is  no  possibilitie  of  uniting,  3  miles  distant 
ye  people  of  Crosby  from  Stannix. 
peticon  for  John  Collier,  psent  him  to  Crosby. 

Mr.  Craister  Saith  he  will  undertake  that  Mr.  Collier  shall  accept 
of  40li  a  yeare  &  not  insist  upon  the  union  of  ye  tithes.' 

Friday  25.  Februarij,  1658. 

Stannix  & 

Crosby. 

yt  Mr.  Briscoe  &  Mr —  bee  desired  to  bee  with  ye  Trustees  on 
Monday  Sennight  abt  yse  [these]  peticons." 

Monday  ye  7  of  March  1658. 
Crosby. 
Jo.  Collier  settled  40li  a  yeare  when  admitted.* 

Crosby.  March  7.  1658. 

Ordered  yt  upon  Admission  of  Mr.  John  Collier  psented  to  the 
Vicarage  of  Crosby  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  the  yearely  summe 
of  fforty  poundes  bee  setled  upon  him  for  increase  of  his  maintence 
out  of  the  rents  &  pfitts  of  the  tithes  of  Crosby  aforesd  in  ye  posses- 
sion of  these  Trustees. 

Jo  Thorowgood  Edw  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Jo  Pocock  Ei  Yong.4 

Crosby.  March  9.  1658. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  ye  4th.  of  November  1658  granted  ye  sume 
of  Thirty  poundes  to  be  paid  to  Mr.  Joseph  Nicholson  for  discharge 
of  ye  duty  of  the  Ministr.  of  Stannix  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  and 
likewise  yt.  he  might  officiate  to  ye  parishioners  of  Crosby  in  ye  said 
County  till  the  25th  of  March  next.  Now  for  yt  the  sd  parishes  cannot 
be  united  and  Mr.  John  Collier  p'sent  vicar  of  Crosby  aforesd  hath 
oflBciated  there  ever  since  ye  25th  of  December  last  and  not  the  sd 
Mr.  Nicholson  It  is  ordered  therefore  that  the  sume  of  ten  pounds 
parcell  of  ye  thirty  poundes  graunted  unto  the  sd  Mr.  Nicholson  bee 
paid  unto  ye  sd  Mr.  Collier  And  yt.  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr. 
by  whom  ye  sd  thirty  pounds  is  payable  doe  pay  ye  same  unto  him 
accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Poccock  Ri.  Sydenham  Ri.  Yong.  5 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  1003. 

2.  Ihid.,  1003. 

3.  Ihid.,  1003. 

4.  Ibid.,  989. 

5.  Ibid.,  995. 


Crosby-on-Eden  203 

To  the  Commissioners  for  Approbacon  of  publique  Preachers  and  all 
others  whom  it  may  concerne  Wee  William  Steele  Lord  Chanceir  of 
Ireland  Sr.  John  Thorowgood  of  Kensington  Knt.  George  Cowper 
Richard  Yong  John  Pococke,  Ralf  Hall,  Richard  Sydenham  John 
Humfrey  and  Edward  Cressett  Esqrs.  Trustees  by  Severall  Acts  of 
parliamt  for  niaintennce  of  Ministers  the  true  &  undoubted  Patrons  of 
the  Vicarage  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Crosby  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  now  become  void  by  the  relinquishment  of  the  last 
Incumbent  or  by  any  other  ways  whatsoever  Have  nominated  and 
presented  and  by  these  psents  doe  nominate  &  psent  John  Collier 
Minister  of  the  word  to  the  said  vicarage  Desiring  that  the  said  John 
Collier  may  be  admitted  to  &  settled  in  the  said  vicarage  and  vested 
with  all  the  Rights  members  and  appurtennces  thereof  which  we  do© 
hereby  upon  your  admission  graunt  unto  him  and  that  it  would  please 
you  to  doe  all  other  thinges  requisite  and  necessary  to  be  done  (in  this 
behalfe)  by  you.  Given  under  our  handes  and  seales  the  Seavententh 
day  of  ffebruary  in  the  yeare  according  to  the  Computacon  used  in 
England  One  Thousand  Six  hundred  fifty  and  Eight,  1658. 
John  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  John  Humfrey  George  Cowper  Jo  Pococke. 

[Endorsed    behind  thus]  :    Crosby   in    Cumberland    March    4th.    '58 
Aprill  13th,  '59.1 
Crosby  in  Ye 
County  of  Cumberland. 

John  Collyer  CI.  Admitted  the  13th.  day  of  April  1659  to  the  V.  of 
Crosby  in  the  County  of  Cumberland.  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited  the 
4th.  day  of  March  1658,  from  the  Trustees  for  maintennce  of  INIinisters 
the  patrons.  And  Certificates  from  Tho.  Sewell  Tho.  Crayster  Cuth. 
Studholme  Tho.  Langhorne  Jo.  Cocke  Jos.  Nicholson  of  Stannix  Sim. 
Atkinson  of  Lazonby.  2 

Crosby. 

April  14.  1659. 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  yt  ye  4th.  of  March  1658  there  was 
exhibited  to  the  Comrs.  for  Approbacon  of  publique  preachers  a 
Presentacon  of  John  Collier  CI.  to  the  viccarage  of  Crosby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  made  to  him  by  the  Trustees  for  maintennce  of 
Ministers,  together  &c.  Dated  at  Whitehall  the  13th  day  of  Aprill 
1659.3  Jo.  Nye,  Regr. 

Crosby. 

April  14,  1659. 

Upon  due  consideracon  had  of  the  value  of  the  Vicarage  of  Crosby 
in   ye    County   of    Cumberland    being   seaven   pounds   a   yeare   It   is 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  946. 

2.  Ihid.,  999. 

3.  Ihid.,  968. 


204  The   Ejected   of  1662 

ordered  that  the  yearely  Sume  of  fforty  pounds  be  Annexed  to  ye 
Vicarage  of  Crosby  aforesd  out  of  the  rents  and  pfitts  of  ye  tithes  of 
ye  Rectory  of  Crosby  aforesd  parcel!  of  ye  possions  of  the  late  Bpp. 
of  Carlisle  the  Lease  whereof  being  lately  expired  came  into  the 
possion  of  these  Trustees  &  is  now  let  by  them  at  the  yearly  rent  of 
two  &  thirty  pounds  And  that  the  said  fforty  pounds  a  yeare  be  from 
time  to  time  paid  unto  Mr.  John  Collier  admitted  to  ye  Vicarage  of 
Crosby  aforesd  by  ye  Comrs.  for  Approbacon  of  publique  preachrs. 
the  13th  day  of  April  instant  to  hold  for  such  time  as  he  shall  con- 
tinue to  discharge  the  duty  of  ye  Minr.  of  ye  sd  place  or  further  order 
And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwayte  Recr.  doe  pay  the  same 
accordingly  to  be  accounted  from  the  25th  day  of  March  last  out  of 
the  aforesd  tithes  and  other  the  tithes  ariseing  within  the  sd  parish. 
John  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Ri  Yong  Jo.  Humfrey.  i 

Stannix  and 

Crosby.  ffebr.  17.  1659. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  supposing  there  might  be  a  union  of  ye 
pishes  of  Stannix  and  Crosby  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  being 
neare  adjoyning  to  each  other  and  by  ordr.  of  ye  4th.  of  November 

1658  Graunted  ye  sume  of  thirty  pounds  unto  Mr.  John  [Joseph] 
Nicholson  Minister  of  Stannix  aforesd  to  oflBciate  at  ye  parish  of 
Stannix  and  preach  to  ye  p'shionrs.  of  Crosby  till  ye  25th  of  March 

1659  [1658-9]  ffor  yt  it  appeares  ye  said  pshes  could  not  fitly  be  united 
togeather  and  that  Mr.  John  Collier  then  vicar  of  Crosby  had 
officiated  there  ever  since  the  25th  of  December  1658  these  Trustees 
by  ordr.  of  ye  ninth  of  March  1658  [1658-9]  ordered  yt  ye  siune  of  ten 
pounds  pcell  of  ye  sd  thirty  pounds  should  be  paid  to  ye  sd  Mr. 
Collier  wch.  it  seemeth  is  not  as  yet  paid  unto  him.  It  is  ordered 
that  it  be  referred  to  Mr.  Craister  and  Mr.  Briscoe  to  award  how 
much  of  ye  sd  ten  pounds  and  how  the  same  may  be  paid  to  the  said 
Mr.  Collier  and  fully  to  accomodate  the  business  betweene  ye  sd  Mr. 
Nicholson  and  Mr.  Collier  according  to  their  judgement  and  discretion. 

J.  Thorowgood  Wm.  Steele  Ri  Yong  Jo.  Pocock.  2 

Calamy  and  Palmer  give  John  Collier  a  place  in  their 
list  of  Ejected  Ministers;  but  they  mention  his  name 
only.  ^  "What  became  of  him  is  not  known.  A  person  of 
this  name  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1672  at 
Gluvias  Budocke,  Cornwall. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  987. 

2.  Ibid.,  989. 

3.  Calamy's  vol.  ii,  p.  159  :  Non.  Mem.  (Ed.  1802),  vol.  i,  p.  385. 


Crosby-on-Eden  205 

John  Theakston,  B.A.,  1661 — 1666. 

Letters  dismissory  were  granted  to  John  Theakston, 
B.A.,  February  23,  1660-1 ;  and  on  October  8,  1661,  he  was 
collated  by  Bishop  Sterne.  He  appears  also  at  Irthing- 
ton  ^  in  that  year.  Xicolson  and  Burn  say  that  he  died 
in  1666.2 


Philip  Fielding,  M.A.,  1666 — 1670. 

He  had  succeeded  ]S^athaniel  Burnand  at  Brampton,^ 
and  was  collated  to  Crosby  on  September  16,  1666,  by 
Bishop  Rainbow.  He  was  a  Pluralist  on  a  large  scale, 
having  Irthington  as  well  as  Brampton  and  Crosby.  *  His 
Curate  at  Crosby  was  Thomas  Milburn,  who  signs  the 
Transcripts  as  such  in  1667.  There  is  also  the  following 
baptismal  entry :  — 

1668  Johnes  fil   Thomae   Milburn   Cur.    de   Crosby   baptizatus  erat 
25th  day  of  November. 

Milburn's  license  to  teach  School  and  read  prayers  at 
Irthington  and  "  Crosby  super  Eden  "  bears  date  1663.  ^ 
The  latter  was  ordained  Deacon  September  24,  1671,  and 
may  have  been  the  person  of  that  name  who  was  at  Farlam 
in  1700.^  Possibly  he  was  a  connection  of  Thomas 
Milburn  who  held  the  living  at  Crosby  in  1627. 

Philip  Fielding  resigned  the  Crosby  living  in  1670. 

Egbert  Hume,  M.A.,  1670—1680. 

He  graduated  M.A.  at  Edinburgh  April  15,  1645;  and 
was  ordained  Deacon  September  25,  1670,  Priest  Septem- 
ber 24,  1671,  being  collated  to  Crosby-on-Eden  by  Bishop 
Rainbow  August  13,  1672,  on  the  resignation  of  Philip 

1.  Vide  p.  284. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  457. 

3.  Vide  p.  260. 

4.  Vide  p.  284. 

5.  Episcopal  Register. 

6.  Vide  p.  277. 


2o6 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


Fielding.  He  was  subsequently  at  Lazonby  and  Aspatria.* 
The  Transcripts  give  the  following :  — 

1675  Georgius  filius  Roberti  Hume  vicarij  de  Crosby  baptizatus  erat  7 
Decembris 


Nathaniel  Bowey,  1680 — 1713. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Hainbow  August  26,  1680, 
and  held  the  Scaleby  living  in  conjunction  with  Crosby. 
In  the  St.  Mary's  Registers,  Carlisle,  appear  the  follow- 
ing, which  may  refer  to  him  and  his  wife :  — 

Baptism,  Castlegate,  Thomas  ye  Sonne  of  Nathaniel  Bowey  ye  27th 
day  Dec.  1682. 

Burial  paternoster  row,  Mrs.  Bowey  the  i6  of  December  1717. 

The  Crosby  Registers  note  his  own  burial  thus :  — 

Mar.  ye 

12  day. 

Nathaniel  Bowey  Vicarius  de  pochia  de  Crosby  super  eden 
Sepultus  erat  vicessimo  secundo  die  Marchij  Anno  Domj  1712-3. 

1.  Vide  pp.   326,   646. 


IV.    WETHEEAL  AND  WAEWICK. 

Wetheral  is  about  five  miles  east  of  Carlisle.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  the  Holy  Trinity,  and  is  in  succes- 
sion to  the  ancient  Wetheral  Priory.  The  earliest  Regis- 
ters, an  oblong  volume,  begin  in  1674.  They  are  in  fair 
condition,  the  writing  is  quite  legible,  and  they  are  written 
in  from  both  ends.  On  the  first  page  at  one  end  is  the 
following :  — 

The  yeare  of  our  Lord  God  1674  price  iis. 

Warwick  is  about  two  miles  north  of  Wetheral.  Its 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Leonard.  It  has  separate 
Registers,  the  earliest  volume  being  much  like  the  one  at 
Wetheral.     On  the  first  page  is  written  :  — 

Tho.  Smith  Curate  of  Warwick  June  ye  30.  1700. 
Elsewhere,  however,  we  have  the  following :  — 

The    Register   Book   of    Warwick    since    ye    Entrance    of    Thomas 
Nichols   Curate, 

the  first  entry  being  January  1,  1683-4. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  17tli  Century  the  two  places 
had  separate  Ministers,  but  since  Commonwealth  days,  at 
least,  they  appear  to  have  been  joined  together.  No  one 
of  the  Historians  makes  any  attempt  at  a  list  of  Incum- 
bents.    The  following  names  have  been  obtained  :  — 

John  Bellwood,  1618.  , 

The  following  appears  in  Lord  William  Howard's 
"Household  Books  ":-- 

Octob.  1618.     To  Mr.  Bellwood  Curate  of  Wetherall  for  one  quarter 
due  at  Michaelmas  last  past  xxxs. 


2o8  The   Ejected  of  1662 

Under  December  19  of  the  same  year  is  another  payment 
of  the  same  amount  "  for  one  quarter  due  at  Christmas 
next."  He  is  further  mentioned  in  a  similar  capacity 
under  June  17,  1619.1 

There  was  a  John  Bellwood,  probably  the  same  person, 
who  was  ordained  "  literatus,"  September  22,  1611. ^ 

William  (.?)   Alleson,  1618. 

This  name  is  given  on  the  authority  just  cited,  the 
following  passage  appearing  in  the  book :  — 

To  Mr.  Alleson  Curate  of  Warthwick  for  one  quarter  due  18  of  this 
Octobr  1618  xxxs. 

He    appears    repeatedly    in    the    "  Household    Books " 
■  under  the  names  of  "Alleson,"  "Allinson  "  and  "Allyson," 
and  was  certainly  here  until  April,  1622.^ 

William  Allanson,  possibly  the  same  person,  was 
ordained  Deacon,  December  20,  1608,  and  Priest,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1611.* 


Christopher  Peile,  M.A.,  1621. 

The  following  from  the  same  source  is  our  authority 
for  this  name  :  — 

25  of  March  1620  Rec.  of  Rob.  Stapleton  xxxs  and  vli  which  was 
paid  to  Mr.  Peele  as  curate  &  preacher  at  Wetherall  at  our  Lady  day 
last  1621  reckoned  in  my  former  booke  pag.  65  Ao  1620  in  toto 
vjli  XS.5 

This  would  be  Christopher  Peile  who  was  ordained 
Deacon,  June  15,  1616.^     He  was  instituted  to  Thursby 

1.  "The  Household  Books  of  Lord  William  Howard  of  Naworth  Ca.stle," 
(Surtees  Society,  vol.  68,  pp.  98  and  99.)  This  volume  is  invaluable  and 
will  repay  careful  study. 

2.  Episcopal  Register 

3.  Household  Books,  p.  181. 

4.  Episcopal  Register. 

5.  Household  books,  p.   151. 

6.  Episcopal  Register. 


Wetheral   and   Warwick  209 

in  1622,^  and  appears  to  have  kept  the  Wetheral  Curacy 
as  well  for  some  time,  hence  the  following  :  — 

Payd  to  Mr.  Peele  by  my  Lord  for  one  half  yeares  pension  for 
preaching  at  Wetherall  due  to  him  29  September  1624  vli.  Paid  for 
serving  the  cure  thear  for  one  quarter  due  then  xxxs.  2 

Among  the  "  rewards  "  is  one  "  to  a  manne  bringinge  a 
letter  from  Mr.  Peele  at  Thursbye  xijd  [March,  1633-4]  .'^^ 


Jo.  Sewell,  1629. 

The  "  Household  Books  "  give  this  name  thus  :  — 

To  Sr.  Jo.  Sewell  Viker  of  Witherall,  for  one  quarter's  wages  due 
at  Chrestenmas  1629  xxxs.  4 

John  Sewell  was  ordained  Priest  December  14,  1623. 

He  was  here   until,  at  least,   October,  1634,   when  he 
again  received  his  salary  of  "  xxxs."  ^ 

James  Pavtston,  1629. 

We  read  in  the  "  Household  Books  "  :  — 

Januarie  18.  To  James  Pawston  Vicar  of  Warwicke,  for  one 
quarter  serving  the  cure  at  Warwicke,  due  the  18th  of  Januarie  1629 
xxxs.  6 

Robert  Railton,  1630. 

The  same  source  supplies  us  with  the  following ;  — 

Septemb  To  Sr.  Robert  Raylton  for  one  halfe  yeare's  pention  for 
preaching  at  Wetherall,  due  at  Michelmas  1630  vli,  more  to  him  for 
one  quarter's  wages  for  Servinge  the  Cure  ther.  xxxs.  7 

1.  Vide  p.  532. 

2.  Household  Books,  p.  219. 

3.  Ihid.,   p.   316. 

4.  Ibid.,  p.  269. 

5.  Ibid.,  p.  340. 

6.  Ibid.,  p.  269. 

7.  Ibid.,  p.  269. 


2IO  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  Commonwealth  Survey  for  1649  has  the  following : 

Wetherall  &  Warwick,  Chapel  of  Cumwhitton — Robert  Railton  a 
preaching  minister  is  ye  p'sent  Incumbent  att  the  parish  and  church  of 
Wetherall.' 

A  "  Robt,  Haylton  "  was  ordained  Deacon  September  22, 
1611. 2 


Christopher  Matteson,  B.A.,  1655. 

The  following  from  Foster  probably  refers  to  him :  — 
"  Mattinson,  Christopher,  pleb.  Merton  Coll.  [Oxford] 
matric.  5  June,  1651."  ^  His  appointment  and  Augmen- 
tation are  mentioned  in  the  following  documents :  — 

Wetherall  & 

Warwick. 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  the  first  day  of  August  in  the 
yeare  one  Thousand  six  hundred  ffyfty  and  ffive  there  was  exhibited 
to  the  Comissionrs  for  Approbacon  of  publique  Preachers  an  ordr  of 
ye  Trustees  for  Maintennce  of  Minrs  for  ye  settlemt  of  Mr  Xfer 
Mattison  in  ye  Cure  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Wetherall  &  Warwick  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  together  with  a  testimony  in  ye  behalf e  of  ye 
said  Xfer  Matteson  of  the  holy  &  good  conversacon  upon  p'usall  & 
due  consideracon  of  ye  p'mises  and  finding  him  to  be  a  p'son  qualified 
as  in  &  by  ye  Ordinance  for  such  approbacon  is  required  The  Comrs 
above  menconed  have  adjudged  &  approved  ye  said  Xfer  Mattison  to 
be  a  fitt  p'son  to  preach  ye  Gospell  &  have  graunted  him  admission  & 
doe  admitt  ye  said  Xfer  Mattison  to  ye  Cure  of  Wetherall  &  Warwick 
aforesaid  to  be  full  and  pfect  Possessor  &  Incumbent  thereof.  And 
doe  hereby  Signifye  to  all  Persons  concerned  herein  That  he  is  hereby 
intituled  to  the  p'fits  and  pquisitts  &  all  Rights  &  dues  incident  and 
belonging  to  ye  said  Cure  as  fully  &  effectually  as  if  he  had  beene 
instituted  &  inducted  according  to  any  such  Lawes  &  Customes  as 
have  in  this  case  formerly  beene  made  had  or  used  in  this  Realme. 

In  Witness  whereof  they  have  caused  ye  Comon  8eale  to  be  here- 
unto affixed  &  ye  Same  to  be  attested  by  ye  hand  of  ye  Regr  by  his 
Highnes  in  yt  behalfe  appointed. 

Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  first  day  of  August  1655. 

Jo.  Nye  Regr.  4 

1.  Vide  p.  1299. 

2.  Episcopal  Register. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min)  968. 


"Wetheral   and   "Warwick 


211 


Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that 

the  first  day  of  August  in  the  yeare 

One  thousand  six  hundred  ffifty  and 

five  There  was  &c  an 

order  of  the  Trustees  for  maintenance  of 

Ministers  for  ye  settlement  of  Mr.  Chrestopher 

Mattinson  in  the  Cure  of  the  parish 

Church  of  Wetherhall  and  Warwicke 

in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Together 

with  &c  adjudged  and  approved 

the  said  Christopher  Mattinson  to  be 

&c  and  doe  admitt  the  said  Christopher  Mattinson 

to  the  cure 

of  Wetherhall  &  Warwicke  aforesaid  to  be 

full  and  perfect  possessor  &c    In 

Witnesse  &c    Dated  at  Whitehall  the 

first  day  of  August  1655.* 


Wetherall  &  Order  July 

Warwicke.  24  1655. 

Chr.  Mattinson 

Chr.  Mattinson 
cert,  as  aforsd 

by 

Roger  Baldwin  of 

Penrith 
John  Mackmillaine 

of  Kainhalby 

[Edenhall] 
Jo.  Jackson  of 

Hutton 
Ran.  Croxhall  of 

Kirklands 
John  ilartin  of 

Edington 
John  Davis  of 

Kirkoswald 
Wm  Hopkins  of 

Mellarby 
Sim.  Atkinson  of 

Lazonby 
Edw.  Winter. 
Wetherall 

&  Aug.  13.  1655. 

Warwick. 

Whereas  ye  Curacy  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Wetherall  &  Warwick  in 
ye  County  of  Cumberland  is  at  pnt  destitute  of  a  Minister  &  ye  Care 
of  pviding  for  ye  Same  is  in  these  Trustees  It  is  ordered  yt  Mr.  Xfer 
Mattinson  (approved  by  ye  Comtee  for  Approbacon  of  publique 
preachers  to  be  a  pson  fitt  to  preach  ye  Gospell)  doe  &  he  is  hereby 
authorised  forthwith  to  officiate  ye  Cure  of  ye  Said  Church  by  diligent 
preaching  &  instructing  ye  pishioners  of  ye  said  pish  &  yt  he  shall 
have  for  his  paines  therein  ye  yearely  sume  of  fifty  poundes  out  of  ye 
rectory  of  Wetherall  &  Warwick  aforesaid  ye  same  to  be  accompted 
from  ye  first  of  August  instant  &  to  be  Continued  unto  him  from  time 
to  time  for  Such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  ye  duty  of  ye  Minister  of 
ye  said  place  or  till  further  ordr  of  ye  said  Trustees. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  ;  Jo.  Humfrey  ;  Jo.  Pocock;  Ra.  Hall ;  Ri.  Young.' 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.)  996.     This  document  is  abbreviated 
but  one  in  complete  form  will  be  found  under  Ireby  (vide  p.  560). 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  972. 


2  12  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Weatherall 

& 
Warwick. 

To  all  whom  these  psents  shall  come  Wee  Sr  John  Thorowgood  of 
Kensington  Knt  Willm  Steele  Esq.  Sergeant  at  Law,  George  Cowper, 
William  Skymoner  Richard  Yong  John  Pocock  &  other  Trustees  for 
Maint«nnce  of  Ministrs  Send  Greeting 

Whereas  the  Rectorie  of  ye  parish  Churches  of  Weatherall  & 
Warwick  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  p'cell  of  ye  possion  of  ye  late 
Deane  &  Chapter  of  ye  Cathedral  Church  of  Carlisle  are  vested  in 
these  Trustees  upon  whom  the  Care  of  providing  for  ye  Ministr  of  ye 
said  parish  Churches  is  incumbent  &  ye  sd  parishes  are  neare 
adjoyning  to  each  other  &  Mr.  Chrestopher  Matteson  hath  beene 
undertaking  to  officiate  to  ye  parishonrs  of  both  ye  said  parishes 
Wee  doe  hereby  Constitute  and  approve  the  said  Christopher  Matteson 
Ministr  and  Curate  of  the  said  parish  Churches  And  doe  authorise 
him  duely  carefully  and  diligently  to  preach  &  instruct  the  pishonrs 
of  the  said  pishes  from  time  to  time  as  well  in  ye  said  parish  Church 
as  otherwise  and  wee  doe  hereby  give  ordr  &  conferre  upon  him  for 
his  said  service  all  houses,  salaries  stipends  pensons  allowances  dues 
advantages  pfitts  &  availes  whatsoever  to  ye  Ministr  or  Curate  of 
the  said  parish  Churches  belonging  &  of  right  accustomed  to  belong 
&  appertaine  To  hold  for  such  time  as  he  the  said  Christopher 
Matteson  shall  Continue  in  the  faithfull  and  constant  pformance  of 
his  said  trust  &  charge  Given  undr  our  handes  &  Seales  ye  4th  day 
of  November  in  ye  yeare  according  to  the  Computacon  used  in 
England    1659 

Jo.    Thorowgood,    Jo.    Pocock,    Geo.    Cowper,  Wm.    Skymner, 
Rich.  Yong.^ 

r 
Weatherall 

&  Nov.   10th.   1659. 

Warwick. 
Whereas  ye  Curacyes  of  ye  parish  Churches  of  Weatherall  & 
Warwick  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  are  at  ye  provision  of  these 
Trustees  in  whom  the  appropriate  Rectoryes  &  tithes  of  ye  said 
parishes  parcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle 
are  now  vested  Ordered  yt  ye  yearely  Sume  of  one  hundred  poundes 
be  graunted  out  of  ye  Rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  the  said 
Rectories  to  &  for  the  Salary  &  Maintennce  of  Mr.  Chrestopher 
Mattison  heretofore  entertained  to  preach  the  gospell  in  &  this  day 
setled  by  these  Trustees  Ministr  of  the  said  parish  Churches  ye  said 
one  hundred  pounds  a  yeare  to  be  accounted   from  ye  xxix  day  of 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  983. 


Wetheral   and   Warwick  213 

September  last  &  to  hold  for  such  time  as  he  the  said  Mr.  Mattison 
shall  continue  faithfully  to  discharge  ye  duty  of  Ministr  of  ye  said 
parish  Churches  And  that  ]Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr  doe  allowe 
the  Same  unto  him  accordingly  abating  out  of  ye  same  ten  pts  of 
twelve  of  all  publique  taxes  &  charges  issuing  &  payable  out  of  ye 
tithes  of  the  said  Rectories. 

John   Thorowgood    Geo.    Cowper  Richard   Yong  Jo.    Pocock   Wm. 
Skynner.* 

What  led  to  Christopher  Matteson's  removal  is  not 
clear;  but  he  was  gone  shortly  afterwards,  settling'  in  1661 
at  Harrington  and  subsequently  at  Workington. 2 

—  Wilcox,  1660. 

This  name  is  inserted  entirely  on  the  authority  of 
Calamy,^  who  prints  "  Wetherhall "  against  it.  Palmer 
repeats  and  adds  "  C,"  to  indicate  that  it  was  a  Curacy. 
No  information  of  any  kind  concerning  him  has  been 
discovered,  and  it  must  be  admitted  that  the  case  is  some- 
what doubtful.  Christopher  Matteson  was  certainly  at 
Wetheral  until  near  the  end  of  1659,*  and  though  an 
appointment  after  that  date  such  as  would  lead  to  an 
ejection  is  possible  the  probabilities  are  against  it.  It  is 
true  that  there  is  a  gap  of  a  few  years  after  Matteson's 
removal  which  I  have  so  far  been  unable  to  fill  in.  The 
name  of  Wilcox  does  not  appear  in  Calamy's  First  Edition 
(1702). 

Richard  Lowry,  M.A.,  1665, 

The  Episcopal  Register  states  that  on  July  28,  1665,  a 

licentia  prsedicandi  "  was  granted  to  him;  and  that  on 

the  same  day  he  obtained  a  "  licentia  ad  inserviendum 

curse  Rectoriae  de  Warwick  et  Wetheral."     After  about 

I  two  years  he  removed  to  Crosthwaite.  ^ 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  987. 

2.  Vide  pp.  789,  795. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  159. 

4.  Vide  p.  212. 
6.  Vide  p.  657. 


214  The   Ejected   ot  1662 

John  Dixon,  1670. 

The  Registers  of  St.  Mary's,  Carlisle,  contain  the 
following :  — 

Burial  1670  July  Castlegate  Mr.  John  Dixon, Minister  of  Wetherall 
ye  23. 

Beyond  this  solitary  fact  nothing  is  known  of  him. 

Egbert  Railton,  1674. 

This  is  inserted  with  some  hesitation,  the  authority 
being  the  Registers.  The  very  first  entry  in  the  book, 
which  is  exceedingly  difficult  to  decipher,  reads  thus :  — 

1674  October  (?)  buried ye  son  of  Mr.  Kobt.  Bailton  Minister 

of  Weth . 

In  all  probability  he  was  a  different  person  from  the  one 
of  that  name  previously  given.  Foster  gives  the  follow- 
ing respecting  Robert  Railton,  son  of  William,  of  Carlisle, 
who  may  have  been  a  connection  : — "Queen's  Coll.  matric. 
14  July,  1691,  aged  19;  B.A.  1696,  M.A.  1698,  Yicar  of 
Marston,  Oxon,  1705,  and  rector  of  Headley,  Hants. 
1717."  1 

Gabriel  Smallwood,  M.A.,   1681. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  21,  1673;  and  held 
the  Curacy  for  some  time  previous  to  his  removal  to  St. 
Lawrence,  Appleby,  1681.^     Bishop  Nicolson  says:  — 

The  Eegister-Book  begins  at  Oct.  28,  1674,  the  former  part  of  it 
being  all  (as  I  guess)  of  the  hand-writeing  of  Mr.  Gabriel  Smallwood, 
some  time  Curate  here.* 

Thomas  Nicols,  1684—1700. 

Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary,  under  date  April  8,  1684, 
says: — "  Wetherall  and  Warwick  given  to  T.  Nichols, 
Sebraha  to  M.  Preston  and  petty  canonry  to  Shepherd."  * 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  1135. 

3.  Miscel.,  p.   51. 

4.  TranB.   (N.S.),  vol.  i,  p.  9. 


Wetheral   and   Warwick  215 

He  was  ordained  Priest  March  15,  1684-5.  The  Registers 
note  the  burial  of  a  son,  Thomas,  on  February  26,  1687-8 ; 
also  the  baptism  of  Mary,  a  daughter,  December  13,  1688 ; 
of  John,  a  son,  September  11,  1690;  and  of  Elizabeth,  a 
daughter,  June  19,  1693.  Foster  has  the  following  which 
may  refer  to  him  :  — 

Nicols  Thomas  S.  Raughlin,  of  Carlisle,  Cumberland,  cler.  Queen's 
Coll.  matric.  16  May  1678  aged  16 ;  B.A.  9  Feby  1681-2.* 

"  Raughlin  "  is  for  "  Rowland  "  Nicols,  who  was  Yicar 
of  Aikton  and  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese  at  the  time.^ 
Thomas  Nicols  died  in  1700.  About  the  time  of  his 
admission  to  Oxford  he  is  described  as  "  somwhat  sickly."  ^ 
Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says  that  under  a  seat  "  on  the 
Floor  of  the  Quire  "  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Here  lyes  the  Body  of  Thomas  Nicols  lat 
Minister  in  Weatheral  Parish.     Deceased 
June  3.  Anno,  1700.     And  T.  N.  his  Son 
Dyed  Feb.  27.  1687."  * 

Thomas  Smith,  B.A.,  1700. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  here  on  June  27,  1700.  The 
Registers  also  give  the  following :  — 

The   Regester   of  Wetherall  Since    the   Entrance   of    Tho.    Smith, 

Curate,  1700. 

Isaac  Bikd,  M.A.,  1703—1713. 

He  was  the  son  of  William  Bird  of  Glassonby,  near 
Kirkoswald,  and  went  from  Sedbergh  School  to  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  in  1693,  being  at  the  time  19  years  of 
age.  He  graduated  B.A.  in  1696.^  The  following  from 
the  Registers  relate  to  him :  — 

The  Regester  of  Wethrall  Since  ye  entrance  of  Isaac  Bird  Curate 
[March  25,   1703]. 

1703  Mr.  Isaac  Bird  Curate  &  Mary  Stannix  Mar.  Novbr  ye  30th. 
The  Revd.   Mr.  Isaac  Bird  A.M.   Curate  of  Wetherall  &  Warwick 
buried  Jan.  2,  1713. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  636. 

3.  The  Flemings  in  Oxford,  p.   307. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  49. 

5.  Sedbergh    School    Register,   p.    105. 


V.     KIEKANDREWS-ON-EDET^. 

The  present  Rector  in  a  recent  letter  says :  — "  I  am  in 
the  somewhat  unique  position  of  having  two  Churches 
and  three  Churchyards  under  my  jurisdiction,  for  I  am 
now  ofl&cially  described  as  '  Rector  of  Kirkandrews  with 
Beaumont  and  Yicar  of  Grinsdale."  Kirkandrews  is 
about  four  miles  north  west  of  Carlisle  on  the  Silloth  line. 
Its  Church,  dedicated  to  St.  Andrew,  disappeared  more 
than  two  centuries  ago.  Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703, 
says  :  — "  The  Church  here  is  quite  Demolish'd"  ;  and  he 
recommends  the  Parishioners  "  to  a  compliance  with  the 
men  of  Beaumont,"  in  their  request  for  assistance  in 
repairing  their  Church  "  rather  than  run  the  hazard 
of  being  put  upon  the  Expense  of  Repairing  their  own 
Church."  ^  The  graveyard  alone  remains,  and  the  Parish- 
ioners still  bury  their  dead  in  it.  The  Registers  will  be 
noticed  under  Beaumont.  The  following  is  an  imperfect 
list  of  Incumbents  up  to  1692,  since  when  the  Rectories  of 
Kirkandrews  and  Beaumont  "  jointly  have  been  presented 
to  by  the  house  of  Lowther."  ^ 

Christopher  Lowther,  1576 — 1587. 

He  was  instituted  on  a  Presentation  by  Queen  Elizabeth 
in  1576,  and  died  in  1587.  Possibly  he  had  previously 
been  at  Nether  Denton.^ 

William  Witton,  1587—1611. 

He  was  collated,  by  lapse,  by  Bishop  Meye,  in  1587,  and 
died  in  1611. 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   18. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  226. 

3.  Vide  p.  274. 


Kirkandrews-on-Eden  217 

George  Millikin,  1611. 

He  was  instituted  June  26,  1611,  on  a  Presentation  by 
George  Rumney. 

Unfortunately  a  huge  gap  occurs  here  in  Nicolson  and 
Burn,  our  only  available  authority,  their  next  date  being 
1692,  when  the  death  of  Eichard  Wilson,  Eector  of  Kirk- 
andrews,  took  place.  This  is  the  date  from  which  the 
union  of  the  two  Rectories  is  reckoned.  In  all  probability, 
however,  the  union  occurred  much  earlier.  This  will  best 
appear  in  dealing  with  Beaumont. 


VI.     BEAUMONT. 

This  place  is  only  about  half  a  mile  north  of  Kirk- 
andrews,  and  is  situated  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Eden. 
Nicolson  and  Burn  speak  of  it  as  a  "  town,"  standing  upon 
"  a  fair  hill,  from  whence  lieth  every  way  a  good  prospect 
which  gave  occasion  to  the  name,"  "  beautiful  mount."  ^ 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary  and  serves  for 
Kirkandrews  as  well.     Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says :  — 

The  Church  is  in  as  good  Repair  as  could  be  expected ;  but  has 
not  a  Letter  on  the  Walls,  Floor  or  Churchyard.  The  East  Window 
in  ye  Quire  wants  Glass.  The  Parishioners  desire  that  those  of 
Kirk- Andrews  may  contribute  to  ye  Repair  of  this  Church ;  since 
they  have  none  of  their  own,  and  come  constantly  hither.^ 

The  Registers,  which  include  those  of  Kirkandrews, 
begin  in  1692.  They  were  recently  rebound  in  one  neat 
volume  at  the  expense  of  the  present  Rector.  In  the  book 
also  are  a  few  fragments  in  parchment,  beginning  with 
1679,  but  mainly  they  are  concerned  with  the  Siddell 
family,  and  probably  were  the  work  of  a  later  hand.  It 
is,  therefore,  correct  to  say  that  the  book  begins  with  1692. 
Respecting  a  carefully  made  Transcript  in  1819  we  have 
the  following  account :  — 

This  book  contains  true  and  correct  copies  of  Baptisms,  Burials 
and  Marriages,  belonging  to  the  Parish  of  Beaumont  in  the  County 
of  Cumberland  and  Diocese  of  Carlisle,  beginning  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  1692  and  correctly  copied  from  a  very  old  Register  Book  com- 
pletely tatter'd  and  torn  to  Pieces. 
As  Witness  my  Hand  this  first  Day  of  January  1819. 
Richard  Burn  Junr 

Rector  of  Beaumont  and 
Kirkandrews. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  223. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.   17. 


Beaumont  219 

The  list  of  Incumbents  is  as  follows :  — 

Henry  Haselhead,  1562 — 1581. 

He  was  instituted  on  a  Presentation  by  Sir  William 
Dacre,  "  lord  Dacre  of  Graystock  &  Gilsland."  ^  He  died 
in  1581.  There  was  a  Hoger  Haslehead  at  Croglin,  1582- 
1611.2 

Lancelot  Wilson,  1581. 

He  was  presented  by  Philip,  Earl  of  Arundel. 

Edwaed  Johnston,  1611. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  say  that  he  resigned  in  1611.^  A 
person  of  the  name  of  Edward  Johnson,  M.A.,  appears  at 
Kirklinton  in  1604.  Possibly  he  was  the  same  as  the 
Beaumont  Rector;  but  he  is  said  to  have  died  in  1611. 

Thomas  Thomson,  or  Thompson,  1611 — 1615. 

He  was  instituted  October  22,  1611,  on  a  Presentation 
by  Anne,  "  Countess  dowager  of  Arundel."  Foster  has 
the  following: — "Of  Cumberland  pleb.  Queen's  Coll. 
matric.  17  Oct.  1589,  aged  15,  B.A.  27,  Jan.  1594-5,  M.A. 
4  July,  1598,  B.D.  22  Feb.  1609-10;  Supd.  for  licence  to 
preach  27  Feb.  1610-11;  Minister  of  St.  Thomas,  Bristol, 
perhaps  rector  of  Beaumont,  Cumberland,  1611,  rector  of 
Montgomery  1613,  and  vicar  of  Llandyseil,  Co.  Mont- 
gomery, 1616."  *  This  can  hardly  be  the  same  as  the 
Beaumont  Rector,  who  died  in  1615. 

John  Wilson,  1615. 

He  was  instituted  March  25,  1615,  on  the  death  of 
Thomas  Thompson,  the  same  person  presenting.^  Foster 
gives  among  others  of  this  name,  John  Wilson,  as  B.A. 
from  University  College,  Oxford,  April  23,  1607,  M.A. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  225. 

2.  Vide  p.  406. 

3.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.   225. 

4.  Al.   Ox. 

5.  Episcopal  Register. 


2  20  The    Ejected   of  1662 

July  10,  1612,  and  adds  that  "  one  of  these  names  was 
beneficed  in  Cumberland."^  There  was  a  John  Wilson  at 
Ainstable  in  1616  and  at  Grasmere  in  1620. ^ 

Thomas  Eobinson  or  Robson,  1616 — 1625. 

He  was  instituted  March  24,  1616,  being  ordained 
"  literatus "  on  that  day  and  Deacon  in  May,  1618. 
ISTicolson  and  Burn  give  the  name  as  "  Robinson  " ;  but 
the  Institution  Books  have  "  Robson,"  the  place  being 
entered  as  "  Beaumonds  als  Beamont."     He  died  in  1626. 

Thomas  Warwick,  B.A.,  1625. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  28,  1623,  being 
styled  B.A.  Nicolson  and  Burn  say  that  the  Presentation 
was  made  by  "  a  citizen  of  London  (patron  for  that  turn)" ; 
but  the  Institution  Books  give  the  King,  and  "  TJlt. 
Novembris  1625"  as  the  date.  For  an  account  of  the 
Warwick  family  see  Brampton,  etc.  ^ 

Andrew  Smith,  1634—1663. 

He  was  instituted  December  16,  1634,  on  a  Presentation 
by  "  Tho.  Comes  Arundell  et  Surrey" ;  and  Nicolson  and 
Burn  say  that  he  died  in  1663.  If  that  is  correct  there 
was  no  disturbance  here  either  by  the  Commonwealth  or 
the  Restoration. 

Patricius  Hume,  M.A.,  1663—1678. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  August  17,  1662,  and  Priest 
February  1,  1662-3,  being  instituted  December  31,  1663, 
on  a  Presentation  from  Elizabeth,  Countess  of  Arundel. 
He  held  the  living  of  Burgh-by-Sands  also  part  of  this 
time.*     He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1668. 

Richard  Wilson,  1679—1692. 

Possibly  Richard  Wilson  "  de  Irthington,"  who  was 
ordained  Deacon  September  20,  1668,  and  Priest,  Septem- 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  pp.  402,  1059. 

3.  Vide  pp.  250,  1178. 

4.  Vide  p.   224. 


I 


Beaumont  2  2 1 

ber  25,  1670.  He  was  instituted  August  23,  1679,  on  a 
Presentation  by  the  Duke  of  Norfolk.  He  died  in  1692. 
Nicolson  and  Burn  give  him  as  Rector  of  Kirkandrews  as 
well.  If  so  the  two  livings  were  united  some  time  pre- 
vious to  1692. 

George  Hume,  1692—1703. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  December  21,  1684,  and  insti- 
tuted to  "  Beaumond  &  Kirkandr  sup  Eden  "  May  9,  1692, 
on  a  Presentation  by  Sir  John  Lowther.  He  died  in  1703, 
the  entry  in  the  Registers  being  as  follows :  — 

George  Hume  Rector  of  Beemont  was  Buryed  May  ye  12th  1703. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says  that  he  "lyes  bury'd  sub 
Dio  in  ye  Quire  !"  ^ 

Gabriel  Trant,  1703—1705. 

He  was  instituted  June  23,  1703.  Writing  under  date 
June  29,  1703,  Bishop  Nicolson  says  :  — 

Mr.  Gab.  Trant  (a  Frenchman,  and  one  of  ye  Masters  at  ye  new 
School  of  Lowther)  instituted  into  both ;  [i.e.,  Beaumont  and  Kirk- 
andrews].* 

Thomas  Lev^thwaite,  1705 — 1762. 

He  was  instituted  on  the  27th  of  September,  1705,  on  a 
Presentation  "  vice  comes  Lonsdale,"  and  held  the  two 
livings  until  his  death.  He  was  Curate  of  Bowness  in 
1703.^  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  his  Diary  under  date  Septem- 
ber 23,  1704,  says  that  he  sought  Priest's  Orders  but  was 
refused,  "  no  warning  being  given  to  a  sufficient  number 
of  Priests  to  attend  at  ye  Ordination."  *  The  following 
year,  however,  he  passed  for  these  Orders  though 
"hardly."^     His  burial  entry  reads  thus:  — 

1762.  Dec.  9.     The  Revd.  Mr.  Thos.  Lewthwaite  buried. 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   18. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.   17. 

3.  Vide  p.  605. 

4.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  208. 

5.  Ibid.,    vol.  iii,  p.  27. 


2  22  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  village  ol  Grinsdale  is  about  two  miles  nearer 
Carlisle  and  stretches  along  the  southern  bank  of  the 
Eden.  The  Church  here,  dedicated  to  St.  Kentigern,  is 
an  old  foundation,  but  it  early  fell  into  ruins.  Bishop 
Nicolson  writes  respecting  it  as  follows  in  1703  :  — 

The  Church  and  Chancel  both  in  Ruins ;  nothing  left  but  a  good 
handsome  Stone-Table  heretofore  used  for  an  Altar.  Half  of  the 
Church-yard  seems  also  to  have  been  carry'd  off,  by  ye  River  Eden ; 
against  the  further  Encroachments  of  which  the  Parishioners  have 
now  built  a  strong  Stone-wall,  to  preserve  their  Dead  from  being 
carry'd  down  the  River.  Burials  are  attended  by  Tho.  Addison, 
whose  father  (one  of  the  Petty  Canons  of  Carlile)  was  lately  Curate 
here ;  And  Mr.  Appleby  the  Impropriator,  gives  him  four  Nobles 
(antiently  four  Marks)  yearly  for  so  doeing.  The  Parishioners,  on 
Sundayes,  attend  Divine  Service  either  at  Carlile  or  Beaumont.^ 

About  1743  the  Church  was  rebuilt  by  Joseph  Dacre, 
Esq.,  the  impropriator,  at  his  own  expense,  and  practically 
this  is  the  building  in  existence  to-day.  Under  the 
Pluralities'  Act  it  is  held  by  the  Rector  of  Kirkandrews. 
The  Registers  do  not  date  beyond  the  time  of  its  being 
rebuilt.  In  reference  to  the  three  Parishes  Bishop 
Nicolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

They  have  a  Tradition  that  the  three  little  Neighbouring  Churches 
(of  this  Town,  Beaumont  and  Grinsdale)  were  built  by  three  Sisters ; 
who,  I  must  say,  were  not  too  generous  in  subsisting  their  Chaplains. 
I  rather  think  they  have  been  (originally)  small  Oratories,  supply'd 
by  ye  Religious  of  Carlile.  How  ye  Revenues  of  Grinsdale  came  into 
Lay  hands  I  know  not  :  but  they  all  pay  prescriptions  instead  of 
Tythes  in  kind.^ 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   13. 

2.  Ibid,  p.   18 


\ 


VII.     BUEGH-BY-SANDS. 

This  is  a  considerable  village  about  five  miles  west  of 
Carlisle  on  the  Silloth  line.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Michael.  Its  tower,  massive  and  strong,  was  evidently 
meant  for  purposes  of  asylum,  in  the  troubled  days  of  the 
Border  Wars.  The  Registers  begin  in  1653,  the  earliest 
being  a  long,  narrow  volume  of  parchment.  The  follow- 
ing appears  in  it :  — 

The  Eegister  booke  of  Burgh-by-Sands  written  in  the  yeare  of 
our  Lord  God  1653. 

The  first  page  is  occupied  with  entries  for  1653  and 
1654;  but  there  are  only  a  few  upon  it.  At  the  foot  of 
the  page  is  "  John  Maison  1670."  They  are  singularly 
disappointing  for  our  purpose;  and  the  Historians  are 
equally  so.  In  their  list  of  Incumbents,  Nicolson  and 
Burn  leap  from  "  Sir  William  Blane  "  in  1581  to  Thomas 
Story  in  1681.  The  following  is  an  imperfect  list,  but  it 
is  the  best  yet  issued :  — 

William  Blane,  1581. 

He  was  instituted  by  Bishop  Meye  "  on  a  presentation 
by  two  yeomen  of  the  neighbourhood,  proving  their  title 
from  the  grantees  of  the  abbot  and  convent  before  the 
dissolution."  ^ 

For  Thomas  and  Alan  Blayne,  of  Aikton,  the  reader  is 
referred  to  the  account  of  that  place.  ^ 

Robert  Mathew,  1621. 

He  was  instituted  on  September  1,  1621,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  the  King.  The  name  is  common  in  Foster's 
"  Oxford  Alumni" ;  but  we  know  nothing  further  about 
him. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  221. 

2.  Vide  p.  609. 


2  24  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  following  document  suggests  a  vacancy  here  in 
1646:  — 

Att  &c.  November  11.  Anno  Dni  1646. 
Cumberland.  By  vertue  &c  yearely  sume  of  Twenty  pounds  bee 
allowed  &  payd  out  of  ye  Impropriate  Tythes  of  Cargoe  &  Stainton 
in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  wch  are  sequestered  from  ye  Deane  and 
Chapter  of  Carlile  to  and  for  increase  of  ye  maintenance  of  such 
Minister  as  this  Comittee  shall  approve  of  to  officiate  in  ye  pish 
Church  of  Burgh  by  Sands  in  ye  said  County  ye  psent  maintenance 
belonging  to  ye  said  Church  being  but  Twelve  pounds  p  Annu  And 
ye  Sequestrators  of  ye  pmisses  are  required  to  allow  and  pay  ye 
same  accordingly  Att  such  tymes  and  seasons  of  ye  yeare  as  ye  said 
Tythes  shall   grow  due  and   payable. 

Har.  Grimston.  1 

James  Thompson,  1647. 

The  authority  for  this  name  is  the  following  document, 
which  also  informs  us  that  the  vacancy  had  been  caused 
by  the  death  of  the  previous  Incumbent :  — 

Sept.  21,  1647. 

Brough   by  Sands. 

Whereas  the  viccarage  of  the  pish  Church  of  Brough  by  Sands  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  is  void  by  death  &  the  guift  thereof  is  in 
the  Earl  of  Arundell  delinquent  It  is  ordered  that  James  Thompson 
a  godlie  &  orthodox  divine  doe  forthwith  officiate  the  cure  of  the  sd 
Church  as  viccar  &  preach  &c.  2 

TherQ  was  a  James  Thomson  at  Moresby  somewhat 
later,  ^  but  whether  the  same  individual  has  not  been 
ascertained.  Nor  is  any  other  name  forthcoming  until 
after  the  Restoration. 

Patricius  Hume,  M.A.,  1669. 

He  was  collated  December  8,  1669,  by  Bishop  Rainbow 
'per  lapsum,  and  appears  to  have  held  Beaumont  along 
with  this  living.  * 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.,  F.  1  (Record  Office).  Duplicated  in  the  Bodleian 
MS.  323. 

2.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

3.  Vide  p.  806. 

4.  Vide  p.  220. 


Burgh-by-Sands  225 

Thomas  Story,  1681—1739/40. 

He  was  instituted  November  28,  1681,  on  a  Presentation, 
from  the  King,  and  probably  belonged  to  a  local  family. 
The  following  appears  in  the  Registers  :  — 

1709  Janet  als  Deny  wife  of  Tho.  Story  Balief  Burd.  Sept.   15. 

There  are  some  other  entries  of  a  similar  character. 
Probably  the  "Balief,"  whatever  the  word  may  mean,  was 
a  connection  of  the  Rector.  He  was  buried  May  7,  1715. 
Thomas  Story  held  the  living  of  Kirkbampton^  as  well  as 
that  of  Burgh-by-Sands.  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says 
that  "  Mr.  Story  directed  to  divide  his  pains  betwixt  this 
place  [Burgh]  and  Bampton  [Kirkbampton]  three  ptes 
[parts]  of  ye  year."  In  reference  to  Burgh  he  proceeds  in 
his  usual  caustic  fashion  :  — 

Oct.  19,  1703.  In  a  former  View  of  the  Church  at  Burgh  by 
Sands,  I  could  onely  peep  into  it  :  But  this  day  I  took  Kirk  Bampton 
in  my  way  thither,  and  carry'd  Mr.  Story  along  with  me.  The  Quire 
is  (as  most  of  its  Neighbours)  long  and  nasty ;  haveing  no  Ascent  in 
it ;  Nor  is  the  Communion-Table  placed  in  the  East  End  :  but  instead 
of  that,  we  have  here  a  Seat  or  Pew  newly  erected  by  one  of  the 
Impropriators.  There  are  (in  all)  about  Thirty  of  these  :  who  have 
the  great  Tithes  among  'em  :  excepting  onely  a  Twentieth  part  (worth 
about  lOli  per  An.)  which  belongs  to  the  School  at  Dovenby.  Some 
of  these  Lay-parsons  are  Quakers  :  And  they  neither  take  ye  Tithes 
themselves,  nor  openly  allow  their  partners  to  carry  over  their  Shares. 
Several  of  'em  were  in  the  Church  with  me ;  when  I  order'd  the 
Churchwardens  to  present  them  all  (by  name)  for  keeping  the  Chancel 
in  so  scandalous  a  Condition.  2 

The  Quaker  movement  took  deep  root  in  this  neighbour- 

[hood.      According  to   a   return   in    1747,   there   were   191 

families  in  the  Parish,  of  whom  28  were  '"  dissenters  all 

^Quakers" :  ^    and    Christopher    Story,    the    distinguished 

1.  Vide  p.  608. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.   15. 

3.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  221. 


2  26  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Quaker  preacher,  belonged  to  these  parts.  In  the  Regis- 
ters we  have  a  note  of  Thomas  Story's  burial,  thus  :  — 

The   Revd   Mr.    Ihos.    Story  Reeter    of   Kirkbampton   6  January 
1739—40. 

This  entry  is  pencilled  through,  but  the  handwriting  in 
the  Registers,  which  is  the  same  from  about  1695,  changes 
at  this  date.     The  Registers  also  supply  the  following  :  — 

Jno  Mayson  of  Burgh  Batchelor  Burd.  Feb.   14,  1712. 

Possibly  this  is  the  person  referred  to  earlier  and  may 
have  been  the  Parish  Clerk. 


yill.     GEEAT  ORTON. 

This  place  is  about  five  miles  south  west  of  Carlisle. 
The  Church  here,  whose  original  dedication  was  to  St. 
Giles,  is  now  dedicated  to  St.  Kentigern.  The  earliest 
Registers  constitute  a  large  parchment  volume,  parts  of 
which  are  dull  and  faded,  but  they  are  mostly  legible. 
Evidently  the  first  two  or  three  pages  have  gone.  They 
begin  in  1568.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents:  — 

Richard  Place,  1578. 

This  is  the  date  of  his  death,  as  the  Registers  indicate : 

Anno  Eeginae  Elizabethae,  21.  1578  December  Sr.  Richard 
Place  person  of  Orton  buried  the  xviiith  of  December  then  being 
Monday. 

In  this  year  the  Plague  raged  in  the  district,  the  Registers 
being  witness;  and  it  is  surmised  that  Richard  Place, 
after  ministering  to  his  people  in  their  suffering,  fell  a 
sacrifice  to  duty. 

Leonard  Lowther,  1578 — 1585. 

"  On  the  death  of  Sir  Richard  Place,"  write  Nicolson 
and  Burn,  "  late  rector  of  Orton,  one  caveat  was  entered, 
in  claim  of  the  patronage,  by  Thomas  Blenerhasset  gen- 
tleman ;  and  another  by  Marian  relict  of  John  Twentyman 
late  of  Little  Orton,  to  whom  this  avoidance  had  been 
granted  by  Richard  Blenerhasset  of  the  city  of  Carlisle 
esquire,  who  had  married  one  of  the  coheirs  of  Sir  Giles 
Orton  knight;  and  institution  was  given  on  this  latter 
claim  to  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther."  ^  He  resigned  in  1585. 
He  was  a  Pluralist,  and  held  Bowness  in  1580,  was  at 
Lowther  in  1587,  and  Greystoke  in  1597. ^ 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,   vol.   ii,  p.  208. 

2.  Vide  pp.  454,  600,  1234. 


2  28  The   Ejected    of    1662 

William  Meye,  M.A.,  1585. 

How  long  he  remained  here  we  have  no  means  of  know- 
ing. In  the  list  of  Incumbents  supplied  by  Nicolson  and 
Burn,  no  name  is  given  after  that  of  William  Meye  in 
1585  until  1643,  when  they  speak  about  "  one  Mr.  Burton" 
being  here.  It  would  appear  that  William  Meye  held  the 
living  in  Plurality  with  Cliburn  for  some  time.  ^  Foster 
gives  William  May  as  B.A.  from  Catherine  Hall,  Cam- 
bridge, 1585-6;  M.A.,  Oxford,  March  23,  1586-7;  and 
"perhaps  Canon  of  Carlisle  in  1595."- 

WiLLiAM  Denton,  1612. 

This  is  a  new  name  and  is  supplied  by  the  Registers  as 
follows  :  — 

Mr.   William  Denton  Clarke  buryed  the  23d  of  December  1612. 

Possibly  he  was  a  member  of  the  Dentons  of  Warnell 
Denton,  Sebergham.  Foster  gives  among  his  Oxford 
Alumni,  William  Denton,  B.A.,  vicar  of  Kirkby  Moorside 
in  1595.3 

Nicholas  Deane,  B.A.,  1623. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  December  22,  1622,  and  is 
given  as  of  the  Chester  Diocese.  This  also  is  a  new  name 
furnished  by  the  Registers  from  which  the  following  have 
been  extracted :  — 

1623  Nicholas  Deane  &  Elizabeth  Bell  married  xxiiij  Ap. 
Katherine   Deane   dau.    of  Nicholas   Deane   Clerici   bapt   7th  day 
November  1623. 

Probably  a  connection  of  Nicholas  Deane,  Archdeacon  of 
Carlisle  in  1604.  Afterwards  he  became  Rector  of  Nether 
Denton.*     Foster   has   the    following   respecting   him:  — 

1.  Vide  p.  1242. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Ihid. 

4.  Vide  p.  275. 


Great  Orton  229 

"  Of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  8  May,  1618, 
aged  17;  B.A.  6  July,  1620;  rector  of  jS^etber  Denton, 
Cumberland,  1633."  ^ 

EiCHAKD  Fleming,  M.A.,  1626. 

The  authority  for  this  also,  a  quite  new  name  in  this 
connection,  are  the  Registers.  He  is  associated  in  them 
with  Richard  Burton  in  1626.  At  this  place,  however, 
the  Registers  are  much  faded ;  and  it  is  extremely  difficult 
to  decipher  them.  Richard  Fleming  appears  at  Cliburn 
and  Milburn  in  1625— 1639.  "^ 

EicHAKD  Burton,  1626. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  bring  him  on  the  scene  in  1643- when 
he  is  named  as  a  contributor  to  the  Carlisle  garrison. 
He  was,  however,  ordained  Priest  in  May,  1618,  and 
instituted,  on  a  Presentation  by  the  King,  on  June  21, 
1626.  Richard  Burton  was  a  Pluralist  holding,  at  least, 
Dufton  in  addition  to  Great  Orton.  In  1647  the  Commis- 
sioners called  upon  him  to  choose  which  of  the  two  livings 
he  would  surrender  and  it  would  appear  that  he  elected 
to  keep  Dufton.  A  person  of  this  name,  who  died  in 
1640,  was  Rector  of  Ormside  and  Long  Marton.  I  imagine 
he  was  the  father  of  the  Dufton  and  Great  Orton  Rector.  ^ 

Unfortunately  the  Registers  present  a  considerable 
hiatus  after  the  date  above  given,  being  represented  from 
1627  to  1665  by  two  miserable  pieces  of  parchment,  kept 
very  imperfectly.  Isaac  Tullie  states  that  the  amount  of 
Richard  Burton's  contribution  to  the  Carlisle  garrison 
was  £2  0  0,  the  date  being  1644.  As  just  intimated  he 
held  the  living  after  1644  only  a  few  years,  but  who 
immediately  succeeded  him  we  do  not  know.  The 
following,  however,  suggests  that  the  place  was  in  the 
possession  of  someone  in  1657,  but  the  name  is  not 
given  :  — 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  pp.  1161,  1243. 

3.  Vide  pp.  1143,  1147,  1154. 


230  The    Ejected   of    1662 

Orton 
July  23  Tuesday  9  March  1657. 

1658. 

Att  the  Councell  at  Whitehall 
Whereas  the  Trustees  for  Maintenance  of 
Ministers  have  thought  fitt  That  the  yearly  sume  of  ten  pounds  bee 
graunted  for  increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  the  minr  of  Orton  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  and  have  certified  the  same  to  his 
Highnesse  and  the  Councell  for  their  Approbacon  His  Highnesse  and 
the  Councell  doe  approve  thereof  and  ordr  that  the  same  bee  paid 
accordingly 

W.  Jessop  Clr  of  the 
Councell  i 

Joseph  IN'icolson,  M.A.,  1657. 

It  would  appear  that  lie  is  the  Minister  referred  to  in 
the  preceding  document.  He  joins  in  certifying  for 
Robert  Hooper  of  Kirklinton  and  John  Bell  of  Kirkbamp- 
ton,  in  both  cases  being  described  as  of  Orton. - 

The  following  relates  to  his  Augmentation :  — 

Orton.  October  28,  1658. 

These  Trustees  having  Graunted  the  yearely  sume  of  Ten  poundes 
for  increase  of  the  maintennce  of  Mr.  Joseph  Nicholson  Minister  of 
Orton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  which  is  approved  of  by  his 
Highnes  &  Councell  the  ninth  of  March  1657  and  the  said  place 
having  received  noe  fruit  of  the  said  Order,  Ordered  that  the  sume  of 
Seaven  poundes  be  forthwith  paid  him  in  full  Satisfaccon  of  the  said 
Order  and  that  Mr.  Lawrence  Steele  Trear  [Treasurer]  doe  pay  the 
same  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett  Ea.  Hall  Jo.  Humfrey,  Jo.  Pocock.3 

Joseph  Nicolson  held  at  other  times  the  livings  at 
Plumbland,  Thursby  and  Stanwix,  *  and  the  reader  is 
particularly  referred  to  Plumbland  in  connection  with 
this  case. 

It  is  singular  that  though  Nicolson  and  Burn  in  their 
account  of  Bishop  Nicolson,  state  that  his  father,  Joseph, 
was  Rector  of  Great  Orton  at  the  time  of  his  distinguished 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.   Min.),  977. 

2.  Vide  pp.  309,  607. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.   Min.),   995. 

4.  Vide  pp.  201,   533,   584. 


Great   Orton  231 

son's  birth,  they  do  not  insert  him  in  their  Incumbent 
list  for  Great  Orton.  ^  They  even  repeat  Walker's  error 
in  saying  that  he  was  sequestered  from  Plumbland  and 
"  during  the  usurpation  lived  retired  at  his  maternal 
inheritance  at  Park  Brow  [Broom]  in  the  parish  of 
Stanwix."  ^ 

John  Bird,  1663. 

This  is  the  most  interesting  name  in  the  series,  though 
it  is  not  quite  clear  what  happened  in  relation  to  him. 
It  is  almost  certain  that  he  is  the  person  of  that  name 
who  appears  at  Egremont,  for  whom  George  Larkham 
preached  on  April  29,  1660.^  The  Restoration  would 
lead  to  his  displacement  at  Egremont  by  Isaac  Antrobus, 
the  old  Incumbent.  It  is  probable  that  his  appointment 
to  Great  Orton  afterwards  was  due  to  the  Brisco  influence, 
the  family  being  Puritan  in  their  sympathies  and  Patrons 
of  the  living.  It  was  from  this  family  that  Richard 
Gilpin  obtained  his  wife.  It  would  also  seem  that  John 
Bird  made  some  sort  of  submission  to  Episcopal  authority. 
The  Episcopal  Register  gives  the  following :  — 

Licentia  praedicandi  concessa   Johi   Bird   presbyterio   Eectori  de 

Orton.     Decimo  Octavo  die  mensis  Augusti  Anno  Dni  1663. 

It  is,  however,  certain  that  he  was  deprived  a  little  later, 
for  what  reason  is  not  stated,  though  judging  from  his 
previous  career  it  would  be  for  some  sort  of  Nonconfor- 
mity.    What  became  of  him  also  is  not  known. 

John  Pearson  or  Pierson,  M.A.,  1665 — 1691. 

He  was  instituted  July  14,  1665,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  William  Briscoe  Ar."  Nicolson  and  Burn  give  John 
Brisco  as  the  Patron.  The  following  from  the  Episcopal 
Register  among  other  things,  makes  clear  the  deprivation 
of  John  Bird  :  — 

Institutio     of     Mr.     John     Peirson     M.A.     July     14      1665      Ad 

Rectoriam     Eccliae     poialis     de     Orton     in     Com.     Cnmbriae     nrae 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.   ii.,  p.   293. 

2.  Ibid,  p.  120. 

3.  Vide  p.  827. 


232  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Carliol  Dioeceseos  modo  p  deprivacoem  Johis  Bird  ult  Incumbentis 
ibm  vacan.  Ad  quam  p  Gulielmum  Brisco  de  Crofton  Armigerum 
ejusdem  Rectoriae  sive  Eccliae  poialis  veru  et  indubitatu  (ut  asseritur) 
patronum  nobis  p'ntatus. 

John  Pearson  liad  previously  been  at  Brigham,  where 
he  cultivated  quite  friendly  relations  with  George  Lark- 
ham.^     In  his  Diary,  Larkham  says:  — 

June  2,  1660  I  heard  by  John  Pierson  that  King  Charles  came 
into  London,  May  29th,  being  his  birth  day.  Ah  Lord,  make  him  a 
nursing  father  to  thine  Israel,  1  beseech  Thee ;  if  it  so  please  Thee. 
Amen.^ 

The  Orton  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

1667-8  Jan.  21.     John  Pearson  son  of  Mr.  John  Pearson  bapt. 
Burial,  1691  May  12.     Mr.  John  Pearson,  Rector  of  Orton. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  Terrier,  supplied  by  the 
present  Rector,  which  was  taken  in  John  Pearson's  time : 

June  20,  1678.  A  perfect  Terrier  of  ye  glebe  Land  belonging  to 
the  Rectory  of  Orton.  Item  One  House  and  Garth.  In  the  Crofts 
3  Acres,  in  the  Rood,  2  Acres  in  a  place  called  Grayston  Butts  half 
an  acre — in  a  place  called  ye  Shaw  one  Acre.  Parson  Thorne  one 
Acre — in  a  place  called  Organ  Butts  half  an  acre  in  a  place  called 
West-half-acres  one  Acre — in  a  place  called  Ingland  one  acre — in  a 
place  called  Ship-coats  one  acre — in  a  place  called  crabtreedales  one 
acre — in  ye  Headriggs  one  Acre — in  a  place  called  Crossland  one 
Acre.  Withn  ye  territories  of  Orton  Rigg  by  estimation  2  Acres — 
within  ye  fields  of  Woodhouses  one  Acre. 

John  Moore  |  churchwardens. 

John  Twentyman  J 

A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Hesket  in  1659.^ 

Gawin  Noble,  1691—1693. 

He  was  instituted  November  21,  1691,  on  the  Presenta- 
tion of  "  Willus  Briscoe  Ar."  He  had  previously  been 
at  Cockermouth.*  His  burial  entry  in  the  Registers  is 
given  thus :  — 

Dec.  12,  1693,  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  rector  of  Orton  bur. 


1.  Vide  p.   754. 

2.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  146. 

3.  Vide  p.  328. 

4.  Vide  p.  703. 


Great   Orton  233 

BowLAxXD  Noble,  1693— 1T09. 

This  was  Gawin  Noble's  brother.  The  Episcopal 
Register  states  that  he  was  instituted  Dec.  18,  1693.     It 

also  intimates  that  he  was  licensed  Assistant  Master  of 

the  Appleby  Free  Grammar   School  on   Feb.  8,   1685/6 

"  owing  to  the  sickness  of  Richard  Jackson."  Rowland 
Noble  died  in  1709  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

1709  Ap.  18.     Mr.  Rowland  Noble  Rector  of  Orton  bur. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says  that  the  Parsonage  House 
is  "  in  pretty  repair,"  having  been  rebuilt  "  by  ye  present 
Incumbent  Mr.  Noble's  brother  and  Predecessor."  ^ 

David  Bell,  M.A.,  1709—1730. 

He  was  an  Edinburgh  graduate  taking  his  M.A,  degree 
March  25,  1685;  and  was  instituted  to  Great  Orton  Dec.  31, 
1709,  being  inducted  by  Thomas  Benson  of  Stanwix.  He 
married  Susanna,  daughter  of  John  Brisco  of  Crofton,  and 
80  was  related  to  Bishop  Nicolson  who  refers  to  him  in  his 
Diaries  as  "  Cousin."  He  was  at  Askham  in  1690, 
Kirklinton  in  1694,  Aspatria  in  1706,  and  died  in  1729/30.2 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  12.  A  singularly  loose  and  ambiguous  sentence.  The 
Bishop,  of  course,  means  Gawin  Noble,  Rowland's  brother. 

2.  Vide  pp.  313,  646,  1221. 


IX.     DALSTON. 

This  village  lies  some  four  and  a  half  miles  south  east 
of  Carlisle.  In  the  Parish  is  Rose  Castle,  the  abode  of 
the  Bishops  of  the  Diocese  for  many  centuries.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael,  and  its  Registers 
begin  in  November,  1570,  There  are  seven  volumes  up  to 
1812;  but  the  first  three  cover  the  period  with  which  we 
are  concerned.  Respecting  the  earliest  we  have  the 
following  account :  — 

The  oldest  book  is  of  parchment,  and  has  been  bound  in  parch- 
ment, of  which  now  only  a  few  fragments  remain.  It  is  11^  inches 
long  and  6f  inches  broad,  and  begins  thus  : — "The  Booke  of  Baptismes 
withine  the  parish  of  Dalston  made  by  Mark  Edgar,  Vicar  of  the 
same  anno  domini  1570."  There  are  a  hundred  and  fifty  six  pages 
which  do  not  follow  each  other  in  very  strict  order,  and  of  which  the 
earlier  ones  only  are  numbered.  The  first  entry  is  "  Novemb.  2. 
Thomas  Hammond  filius  Eoberti."  The  last,  a  baptism  in  1658,  is 
illegible,  l 

Volume  II.  is  also  of  parchment.     It  begins  thus  :  — 

The   Booke  of  Baptisme  within   the   Parish   of   Dalston   since  the 
17th  of  November   1658. 

Further  on  come  marriages  and  burials.     It  is  about  the 
same  size  as  Vol.  I.  and  ends  with  1679. 

The  third  volume  is  described  as  "  long,  narrow  and 
upright,"  in  parchment.  It  is  bound  in  vellum,  "  the 
writing  elegant,  and  very  easy  to  read."     It  begins  thus : 

A  note  of  all  baptisms  and  marriages  within  the  p'ish  of  Dalston 
since  the  first  day  of  May  Anno  Dom.  1679. 

It  contains  burials  from  the  other  end  and  goes  up  to 

1.  Seven  Volumes  of  the  Dalston  Parish  Registers,  by  M.  E.  Kuper. 
A  Paper  communicated  to  the  Cumb.  and  West.  Arch.  Soc,  Aug.  22, 
1883. 


Dalston  235 

1749.     The  Registers  up  to  1812  were  published  some  time 

ago. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Thomas  Nicolson,  1586—1596. 

He  entered  "in  hanc  vicariam "  September  13,  1586, 
succeeding  Mark  Edgar  on  his  decease.  Nicolson  and 
Burn  give  a  person  of  this  name  as  collated  to  Scaleby  in 
1585,  who  "  removed  in  two  years  after."  ^  His  marriage 
with  Anne  Edgar,  the  daughter  of  his  predecessor,  is 
noted  in  the  Registers  under  date  December  24,  1587.  He 
held  the  living  until  his  death,  in  1595,  his  burial  taking 
place  on  October  19  of  that  year. 

RoBEET  Collier,  B.A.,  1596—1629. 

The  baptisms  of  a  son,  Robert,  on  November  18,  1599 ; 
of  a  daughter,  Elizabeth,  on  November  8,  1601 ;  and  of 
Philadelphia,  another  daughter,  on  January  4,  1607,  are 
given  in  the  Registers.     His  own  burial  entry  reads  thus  : 

October  3.   1629  Robert  Colier  Vicarius  was  buried. 

Could  he  be  related  to  John  Collier  the  Ejected  Minister 
of  Crosby  ?  ^ 

William  Griffith,  B.A.,  1630—1642. 

He  was  collated  January  21,  1629-30,  by  Bishop  Potter, 
though  it  is  said  that  his  "  coming  is  in  no  way  announced" 
in  the  Registers.^  During  his  Incumbency  "  hand- 
writing, ink,  and  spelling,  are  equally  bad."  He  died  in 
December,  1642,  being  buried  on  "  the  6th  day." 

Edward  Baker,  B.A.,  1643. 

His  collation  was  by  Archbishop  Ussher.  The  baptis- 
mal entries  of  several  children  appear  in  the  Registers,  as 
does  the  burial,  on  June  30th,  1644,  of  his  first  wife,  Anna 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  460. 

2.  Vide  p.  201. 

3.  Seven  Volumes  of  the  Dalston  Parish  Registers,  etc. 


236  The    Ejected    of    1662 

Hutchinson,  whom  he  had  married  the  year  before.     His 
second  marriage  is  thus  noted  :  — 

1647  Maij  28  Edwardus  Baker  apud  Cockermouth,  duxit  Annam 
Irton. 

His  own  burial  entry  is  as  follows :  — 

Burial  1659  Novemb.  18.  Edward  Baker  Clerk. 

Mrs.  Baker  was  buried  January  17,  1674-5.  A  con- 
siderable amount  of  interest  centres  in  Edward  Baker,  and 
not  a  little  diflSculty.  Nicolson  and  Burn  deal  with  him 
in  a  most  matter  of  fact  way,  devoting  only  a  couple  of 
sentences  to  him.^  They  merely  state  when  he  was  col- 
lated and  when  he  died,  following  immediately  with 
Richard  Garth  in  1661.  Dr.  Wilson,  in  his  Introduction 
to  the  Parish  Registers,  sums  matters  up  thus :  — 

In  January  1642-3  when  the  old  order  was  breaking  up  he 
[Griffith]  was  succeeded  by  Edward  Baker,  a  bachelor  of  Arts  and  a 
preacher  of  the  word  of  god,  verbi  Dei  prdicator  on  presentation 
of  the  good  and  great  Archbishop  Usher  then  held  the  See  of  Carlisle. 
Baker's  lot  had  fallen  in  unpleasant  times  but  he  certainly  made  the 
most  of  them.  He  was  twice  married  .  .  .  There  is  no  indication 
that  the  rites  of  religion  were  secularized  in  this  parish  for  any 
lengthened  period  during  the  Commonwealth.  Baker  was  a  canonical 
clergyman  who  appears  to  have  ministered  in  his  office  to  the  last 
however  lowly  he  bent  his  shoulders  to  the  yoke  of  the  Directory. 
Though  many  of  the  clergy  of  the  diocese  of  Carlisle,  according  to 
the  testimony  of  Dr.  Todd,  were  ejected  and  starved  by  Cromwell's 
inquisitors  Baker  set  his  house  in  order  and  stood  his  ground.  By 
the  timely  interference  of  death  which  came  in  Sept.  1659,  he  was 
saved  the  disgrace  of  turning  his  coat  back  again. 

It  is  quite  certain  that  that  is  not  a  correct  statement 
of  the  case.  Dr.  Todd  is  no  trustworthy  witness  in 
matters  of  this  kind ;  and  his  statement  about  the  starving 
Clergy  may  be  dismissed  as  highly  coloured,  if  not 
actually  fictitious.  But  it  is  in  relation  to  Baker  that  a 
different  theory  is  required.  That  he  was  here  up  to  1650 
is  made  clear  from  the  following :  — 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  323. 


Dalston  237 

Martij  27  1648. 
Dalston. 

Upon  Certificate  from  any  members  of  pliamt  that  serve  for 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  in  the  behalfe  of  Mr.  Edward  Baker 
minister  of  Dalston  in  the  sd  Countie  concerning  his  life  &  Con- 
versacon  It  is  ordered  that  he  shall  have  the  Augmentation  graunted 
by  Order  of  the  14th  of  June  1647  for  increase  of  the  Minister's 
maintennce   of   the  sd  Church.' 

ffeb  3,   1649. 
Dalston. 

Wheras  this  Comtee  have  the  14th  of  June  1647  graunted  the 
yearely  sume  of  Twenty  nine  pounds  three  shillings  out  of  the 
pticulers  in  ye  said  order  menconed  reserved  to  ye  Bpp  of  Carlisle  for 
increase  of  the  maintence  of  the  Minstr  of  the  parish  Church  of 
Dalston  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  It  is  ordered  that  the  Trustees 
for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  doe  and  they  are  hereby  desired  to  issue  out 
theere  warrants  to  ye  Trears  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  to  pay  unto 
Edward  Baker  INIinistr  of  the  said  Church  or  unto  William  Barker  to 
his  use  the  sume  of  Three  Score  and  Twelve  Pounds  Seaventeene 
Shillings  &  Sixpence  for  Twoe  yeares  &  a  halfes  rent  due  the  29th 
Septembr  last.  2 

Julij  10th  1650. 
Dalston. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  the  14th  of  June  1647  graunted  the 
yearly  some  of  twentie  nine  pounds  three  shillings  out  of  the 
pticulers  in  the  said  order  menconed  reserved  to  ye  Bishpp  of  Carlisle 
for  increase  of  ye  maintennce  of  ye  Ministr  of  the  pish  Church  of 
Dalston  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  of  which  there  is  in  arreare 
ye  some  of  threescore  and  twelve  pounds  seaventeene  shillings  and 
sex  pence  for  two  yeares  and  a  halfe  rent  due  ye  29  of  September  last 
It  is  ordered  that  ye  Tenants  of  ye  pmisses  in  whose  hands  the  said 
arreares  are  doe  forthwith  pay  the  said  arreares  unto  Edward  Baker 
Minister  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Dalston  aforesaid  or  in  default  thereof 
Shew  cause  to  ye  contrary  before  this  Comittee  one  ye  ninth  day  of 
September  next.' 

Novembr  6th  1650. 
Dalston. 

Whereas  this  Comitee  have  the  14th  of  June  1647  graunted  the 
yearely  Sume  of  twenty  nyne  pounds  three  sheliings  out  of  the 
pticulers  in  ye  sd  Ordr  menconed  reserved  to  the  Bpp  of  Carlisle  for 
increase  of  the  maintennce  of  the  Ministr  of  the  parish  Church  of 
Dalston  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  of  wch  there  is  in  Arreares 

1.  BpdI.  MS.  325. 

2.  Ibid.,  327. 

3.  Ibid. 


238  The    Ejected   of    1662 

the  Sume  of  three  score  &  twelve  pounds  Seaventeene  shillings  & 
sixpence  for  two  yeares  and  a  halfe  due  the  29th  of  Sept  1649  It  is 
ordered  that  ye  Trears  of  the  sd  Bevenue  or  ffarmers  or  tennts  of 
the  p'misses  in  whose  hands  the  same  are  doe  forthwith  pay  the 
said  Arreares  unto  Edward  Baker  Ministr  of  the  sd  Church  or  in 
default  thereof  shew  cause  to  ye  Contrary  before  the  Comitee  on 
the  [MS.   breaks  off].^ 

How  long  Baker  retained  the  living  after  tliis  does  not 
appear;  but  the  evidence  goes  to  show  that  he  had  relin- 
quished it  at  least  four  or  five  years  before  his  death. 
Whether  he  was  sequestered  is  not  known.  The  form  of 
his  burial  entry  presents  no  difficulty,  indeed  the  word 
used  of  him  rather  supports  than  otherwise  the  position 
here  assumed.  He  is  entered  merely  as  "  Clerk,"  whereas 
previously  he  had  always  been  styled  "  Vicar."  The 
former  was  the  word  used  in  reference  to  a  Minister 
whether  in  a  living  or  not.  That  he  had  vacated  the 
living  before  his  death  the  appointments  which  follow 
show. 

Nathaniel  Madder  or  Mather,  M.A.,  before  1656. 

The  evidence  for  this  is  the  document  immediately 
following,  which  states  that  he  had  surrendered  the 
Dalston  living  before  1656.  Can  this  be  Nathaniel 
Mather,  M.A.,  who  had  received  his  education  at  Harvard 
College,  New  England,  the  distinguished  son  of  Richard 
Mather,  the  "  Lancashire  Pilgrim  Father?"  Almost 
certainly  "  Yes."  Dr.  Todd,  in  both  his  communications 
to  Walker,  names  certain  "  New  Lights  "  as  coming  into 
the  district,  '"  out  of  the  Southern  Parts,  as  Larkham, 
Polewheal,  Madder,  &c."  ^  In  1656  Nathaniel  Mather 
appears  as  preacher  at  Harburton  in  Devon^ ;  and  shortly 
afterwards  he  was  appointed  to  Barnstaple  in  the  same 
County,  whence  he  was  ejected  after  the  Restoration. 
Calamy  says  that  "  he  serv'd  his  generation  in  the  Work 
of  the  Gospel  forty-seven  years,  in  England,  Holland,  and 
Ireland." 

1.  Bodl.  MS.  327. 

2.  Vide  p.  375. 

.3.   Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  449. 


Dalston  239 

It  is  the   State  Papers,  however,   which   come  to  our 
assistance,  and  practically  demonstrate  the  truth  of  this 
conjecture.     The  following  is  their  story:  — 
Mr.  Madder. 
501  :  00s  :  OOd. 

These  are  to  Will  and  Require  you,  out  of  the  five  hundred  pounds 
which  by  Order  of  this  Councell  of  the  date  hereof,  is  set  apart,  out 
of  the  fiveteen  hundred  pounds  deposited  in  yor  hands  for  Recruits 
for  Scotland,  for  enabling  of  such  Ministers  to  their  journey  as  shall 
be  thought  fitt  to  be  sent  into  Scotland,  for  preaching  of  the  Gosple 
there  to  pay  unto  Mr.  Madder  or  to  whom  hee  shall  appoynt,  the 
Summe  of  ffifty  pounds  which  is  soe  much  advanced  unto  him  for 
enabling  of  him  to  his  Journey  being  appoynted  to  goe  thither  as  a 
Minister.  Of  which  you  are  not  to  faile ;  and  for  which  this  shall 
be  yor  warrant. 

Given  at  the  Councell  of  State  at  Whitehall 

26  July  1652.' 

Ordered  by  his  Highnesse,  the  Lord  Protector  and  the  Councell 
That  fiftie  pound  be  advanced  out  of  the  Councells  Contingeaicies  to 
Mr.  Mader  (who  is  recommended  by  Mr.  Nye  to  be  Preacher  to  the 
Councell  of  Ireland)  towards  defraying  his  charges  to  Ireland.  And 
that  it  be  recommended  to  the  Lord  Deputie  and  Councell  to  settle 
him  there  with  such  allowance  for  his  maintenance  as  may  encourage 
him  in  that  employment. 
Warrant. 

Sept.  20  [1654]  for  fiftie  pounds  to  be  advanced  to  Mr.  Madder. 
Warrants. 

Sept.  28  [1654]  to  Mr.  Mather  Minister  for  Ireland  50li  :  00  :  00.2 

In  pursuance  of  an  Order  of  his  Highness  the  Lord  Protector  and 
the  Councell  of  the  20th  of  Sept.  1654.  These  are  to  will  and  require 
you  out  of  Such  moneys  as  are  or  shall  come  to  yor  hands  for  the 
use  of  the  Councell  to  pay  unto  Mr.  [blank]  Mader  or  whome  he 
shall  appoynt  the  sum  of  Fifty  pounds  towards  defraying  his  journey 
into  Ireland  to  preach  the  Gospell  there  Of  wch  &c 
Given  the  19th  day  of  October  1654. 

To  Mr.  Gualter  Frost.  Hen.    Lawrence,    Prd 

Mulgrave  Humbert 
W.  Strickland 
H.  Mackworth. 
P.   Lysle 
P.   Jones.  3 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.  Money  Warrants,  I.  103,  p.  209. 

2.  Ibid.,  I.  75. 

3.  Ibid.,  I.  105,  p.  115. 


240  The   Ejected   of   1662 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  name  "  Madder"  or  "  Mader" 
persists  in  the  documents  except  in  one  case,  where  we 
get  "  Mather,"  and  that  is  sufficient  to  establish  identity. 
It  is  also  necessary  to  say  that  much  of  the  foregoing  may 
refer  to  Samuel  Mather,  another  of  Hichard  Mather's  sons, 
ejected  from  Burtonwood  in  Lancashire.  Indeed  it  is 
almost  certain  that  the  document  recording  the  journey 
into  Scotland  does.  Calamy  says  that  about  this  time 
Samuel  Mather  went  into  Scotland  and  afterwards  into 
Ireland.  The  important  thing  which  the  documents 
establish  is  the  identity  of  Mader  and  Mather;  and  this, 
taken  in  conjunction  with  the  fact  that  all  the  dates 
accurately  fit,  makes  it  morally  certain  that  the  Nathaniel 
Madder  of  Dalston  was  the  Ejected  Minister  of  Barn- 
staple. Nathaniel  Mather  was  one  of  the  active  promoters 
of  the  "  Happy  Union  "  of  1691,  and  he  wrote  several 
times  to  Thomas  Jollie  of  Wymondhouses  in  relation  to 
the  matter.^  He  was  also  one  of  the  Founders  of  the 
Congregational  Fund  Board,  the  first  meetings  for  the 
purpose  being  held  in  his  "  Meeting  house  " ;  and  was  one 
of  the  first  generous  contributors  to  it.  The  Minutes  for 
January  13th,  1695/6,  state  that  the  Treasurer  had 
"  reed  lOOli  by  ye  hands  of  Mr.  Mather  which  he  desired 
might  be  desposed  of  for  ye  purposes  before  menconed," 
several  other  considerable  sums  following  almost  immedi- 
ately. ^  The  City  Temple,  London,  Nathaniel  Mather's 
Church  in  continuity,  has  among  its  documents  seven 
letters  addressed  to  him  by  applicants  for  Church  Fellow- 
ship, whose  dates  range  from  1689  to  1695.^  Calamy 
gives  a  full  account  of  him,  and  inserts  a  lengthy  inscrip- 
tion from  his  tombstone  in  the  Bunhill  Fields  Burial 
Ground.  It  states  that  he  died  July  26th,  1697,  "  setat. 
Ixvii."  * 

1.  Jolly's  Note  Book,  C.S.  (N.S.),  vol.  33,  p.  139. 

2.  Minutes  of  the  Congregational  Fund  Board. 

3.  Memorials  of  the  City  Temple  by  J.  B.  Marsh,  p.  274. 

4.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  238;  vol.   iii,  p.  257. 


I 


Dalston  241 

Christopher  Jackson,  1656. 

The  f  ollowiiig  documents  relate  to  his  appointment :  — 

Dalston, 

To  the  Comrs.  [for  Approbation  of  publique  Preachers  and  all 
others  whom  it  may  concerne]  Wee  William  Steele  Lord  chiefe 
Baron  of  his  Highnes  Cort  of  Exchequer  att  Westmr.  [Sr  John 
Thorowgood  of  Kensington  Knight  George  Cowper  Richard  Yong 
John  Pocock  Ralph  Hall  Richard  Sydenham  Edward  Hopkins  John 
Humfrey  and  Edward  Cresset  Esqrs.  Trustees  by  Severall  Acts  of 
Parliament  for  Maintennce  of  Ministrs.  and  by  an  Ordinance  of  his 
Highnesse  Lord  Protector  and  his  Councell  Intituled  An  Ordinance 
for  the  better  Maintennce  and  Incouragemt.  of  preaching  Ministers 
and  for  visiting  of  parishes]  the  true  and  undoubted  Patrons  of  the 
viccaridge  and  Church  of  Dalston  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland 
become  void  by  the  relinquishment  of  Nathaniell  Madder  the  last 
Incumbent  or  any  other  wayes  whatsoever  Have  nominated  and 
p'sented  and  doe  by  these  psents  nominate  p'nl  and  appoint  Chresto- 
pher  Jackson  Minister  of  the  word  to  the  said  Viccarage  and  Church 
praying  [that  the  said  Chrestopher  Jackson  may  be  admitted  to  and 
settled  in  the  said  viacarage  and  church  and  vested  with  all  the 
Rights  Members  and  appurtenances  thereof  (which  wee  doe  hereby 
conferre  upon  him)  and  that  it  would  please  you  to  doe  and  performe 
all  other  things  requisite  and  necessary  to  be  done  in  the  p'misses]. 
In  witnes  whereof  wee  have  hereunto  sett  our  handes  and  Scales  this 
two  and  twentieth  day  of  Aprill  in  the  yeare  according  to  ye  Com- 
putacon  now  used  in  England — one  thousand  six  hundred  ffifty  and 
six. 

Ri.  Sydenham  Jo  Humfrey  Rich.  Yong  Ra  Hall  Jo  Pococke. 
Sealed  and  delivered 

in  ye  psence  of  < 

Tho.   Marsh 
Nat.  Overton.  1 

Dalston 

Know  all  men  by  these  p'nts  that  the  third  day  of  Maj  in  the 
yeare  1656  there  was  exhibited  to  the  Comrs.  for  approbacon  of 
publique  preachers  a  presacon  of  Mr.  Chrestopher  Jackson  Clerke  to 
the  Viccaridge  of  Dalston  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  made  to  him 
by  William  Steele  Lord  cheife  &c.  Dated  att  Whitehall  the  13th. 
June   1656. 

A  true  copy 

Jo  Nye  Regr.  2 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.),  983. 

2.  Ihid.,  968. 


242  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Orders  for  his  Augmentation  appear  under  dates 
September  19th,  1656,  and  March  20th,  1656/7,  for  one 
year  due  Christmas,   1657.^ 

The  following  also  are  of  interest:  — 

Dalston 

ffebr.    11.    1657. 

Upon  the  peticon  of, the  Ministr.  and  Inhabitants  of  the  parish  of 
Dalston  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Ordered  that  Mr.  Edmund 
Branthwayte  Recr.  take  a  view  of  the  decayes  of  the  Chancell  of  the 
parish  Church  of  Dalston  aforesaid  and  Certifie  the  same  to  these 
Trustees  and  what  it  will  cost  to  repaire  the  same  and  whether  if  the 
said  Chancell  should  bee  pulled  down  the  Church  will  not  bee 
capacious  enough  to  hold  the  pari.shionrs.  and  Inhabitants  of  the  said 
parish  and  whether  the  old  Tennt  were  not  bound  to  repa3n:e  the 
said  Chancell  and  what  the  decayes  of  the  Chancell  were  that  incurred 
in  his  time.  2 

April  4.  1659. 

Dalston,  Whereas  the  vicarage  of  Dalston  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  is  of  the  yearely  value  of  tenn  poundes  As  by  an 
Inquisicon  taken  by  vertue  of  a  Comission  under  the  Great  Seale  of 
England  in  pursuance  of  an  Act  for  providing  maintenance  for 
preaching  Ministrs  &  other  pious  uses  appeareth  And  whereas  the 
tithes  hereafter  Menconed  being  all  wthin  ye  psh  &  pcell  of  ye 
Rectory  of  Dalston  aforesd  are  parcell  of  the  possions  of  ye  late 
Bishop  of  Carlisle  &  are  of  ye  respective  yearly  values  hereafter 
menconed  vizt  the  tithes  of  Dalston  Hauxdale  &  Buckabank  of  ye 
yearly  value  of  ffifty  pounds  the  tithes  of  Cardiew  and  Cardiew  Lees 
of  the  yearly  value  of  sixteene  poundes  thirteen  shillings  fours  pence 
The  tithes  of  Percivall  Holmes  tenemt  of  ye  yearly  value  of  two 
pounds  ten  shillings  the  tithe  wooll  &  Lambe  of  Dalston  of  ye  yearly 
valew  of  Seaven  pounds  ten  shillings  the  tithes  of  Halfeilde  &  Litle 
Raughton  of  ye  yearly  valew  of  eight  pounds  one  shilling  the  tithes  of 
Raughton  Moore  of  the  yearly  value  of  two  pounds  foure  shillings 
And  whereas  ^Nlr.  Chrestopher  Jackson  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage 
of  Dalston  aforesd  by  the  Comrs  for  Approbacon  of  publique  preachrs 
the  thirteenth  day  of  June  1656  therefore  upon  due  Consideracon  had 
of  the  premisses  Will  Steele  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland  Sr  John 
Thorowgood  of  Kensington  Knt.  George  Cowper  Richard  Yong  John 
Pocock  Ralph  Hall  Richard  Sydenham  John  Humfrey  and  Edward 
Cressett  Esqrs  Trustees  by  severall  Acts  of  Parliament  for  mainten- 
ance of  Minstrs  Doe  hereby  order  &  appoint  that  all  &  all  manner  of 

'  1,  Commonwealth  Exchequer  Papers  290  (Record  Office).     This  docu- 
ment is  well  worth  printing. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),   980 


Dalston  243 

tithes  of  the  respective  places  aforesd  bee  united  &  annexed  to  ye  sd 
Vicarage  of  Dalston  to  &  for  encrease  of  the  maintennce  of  ye  sd  Mr. 
Jackson  for  such  time  as  hee  shall  discharge  the  duty  of  ]\Iinister 
there  and  of  such  other  godly  and  orthodox  Ministrs  his  Successrs  as 
shall  bee  Incumbents  of  ye  sd  Vicarage  And  that  the  yearly  sume  of 
three  pounds  two  shillings  eight  pence  bee  likewise  from  time  to  time 
paid  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Jackson  &  his  Successors  Alinistrs  of  Dalston 
aforesd  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts  of  the  tithes  of  Caulfeild  and 
Barranfeild  in  the  said  parish  And  it  is  further  ordered  that  from  & 
after  the  five  &  Twentieth  day  of  March  instant  the  sd  tithes  of 
Dalston  Hauxdale  &  Buckabank  Cardiew  &  Cardiew  Lees  percivall 
Holmes  tenement  Dalston  Wooll  &  Lambe  Halfeild  &  Little  Roughton 
&  of  Eoughton  !Moore  bee  left  out  of  ye  charge  of  ye  revenue  vested 
in  these  Trustees  whereof  the  Auditor  is  to  take  notice  And  it  is 
further  ordered  that  the  Recr  of  ye  sd  County  doe  forbeare  any 
further  to  intermeddle  with  ye  sd  tithes  annexed  as  aforesaid  or  the 
Tents  issues  or  profitts  of  them  or  of  ye  receipt  of  them  but  that  hee 
permitt  the  sd  ]Mr.  Jackson  &  such  godly  &  orthodox  ]\Iinistrs  as  shall 
succeed  him  as  aforesaid  quietly  to  have  hold  posse  &  enjoy  the  same 
and  the  rents  issues  &  profitts  thereof  &  all  person  &  persons  are 
therefore  to  sett  out  &  pay  their  said  tithes  to  ye  sd  Mr.  Jackson  & 
his  Successrs  Incumbents  of  ye  sd  Vicarage  from  time  to  time 
accordingly  And  it  is  further  ordered  yt  upon  legally  setting  out  soe 
much  of  ye  sd  tithes  of  Caulfeeld  &  Barrancefeeld  in  kind  as  will 
amount  to  the  said  yearly  sume  of  two  pounds  six  shillings  eight 
pence  a  yeare  the  same  bee  annexed  to  the  Vicarage  of  Dalston 
aforesd  Provided  that  dureing  the  Continuance  of  any  Leases  in  being 
■of  ye  aforesaid  tithes  the  rents  reserved  on  ye  sd  Leases  onely  & 
dureing  the  continuance  of  ye  sd  Lease  of  Caulfield  &  Barrancefield  ye 
sd  three  pounds  two  shillings  eight  pence  a  yeare  onely  bee  held  & 
enjoyed  by  ye  sd  ^Ir.  Jackson  &  his  Successrs  Ministrs  of  Dalston 
aforesd  &  the  farmrs  of  ye  pmisses  are  to  pay  the  same  accordingly 
Dated  the  ninth  day  of  March  in  the  yeare  according  to  the  Computa- 
tion used  in  England  One  Thousand  Six  hundred  ffifty  and  eight. 

Jo  Thorowgood  Jo  Humfrey  Jo  Pococke  Ra  Hall  Ri  Yong.^ 

To  complete  the  Jackson  case  it  is  necessary  to  add  the 
ifollowing :  — 

Feb  7.  1655/6. 

Mr.  Jackson   Minister  of   Garsdale — receaver   according   to   former 
order  pay. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  995. 


244  The   Ejected   of    1662 


Feb.   12.   1655-6.1 
Garsdale — write  to  Dr.  Arrowsmith2  to  give  an  acct  of  him  &  why 
they  turned  him  out  of  Garsdale. 

March  4th.   1655/6. 
Garsdale  Mr.  Jackson — Dr.  Arrowsmith  Ire  [letter]  reed. 

May.   13.   1656. 
Garsdale  Order  Mr.  Jackson  ye  301i  according  to  former  order. 

April  17.  1656. 
Dalston — put  Mr.  Jackson. 

Friday  August  1.   1656. 

Cumberlnd  Dalston  Jackson  is  minister.  So  much  of  ye  rents  as 
are  not  otherwise  desposed  of  to  be  conferred  on  this  man. 

Sept.  15.  1656. 

Dalston — Ordr  ye  pishioners  of  Dalston  to   Sett  out  their  tythes  in 

kind,  as  they  Answer  the  Contrary  at  their  pill  [peril]. 

March  27.  1657. 

Garsdale — Mr.  Jackson  acknowledgeth  ye  receite  of  ye  30li  due  by 
order  of  26th  June  1655  payable  lady  day  1654  clames  till  24th  Mar. 
1655  being  one  yeare  more  &  that  is  allheclaimes — he  clames  one  quarter 
ending  1655  lady  day  since  he  was  there  ye  last  quarter  ending  lady 
day  1655,  but  absent  in  ye  yeare  1654  &  yt  he  is  elected  for  a  scandal- 
ous minister — dismissed  him  there  being  nothing  due  unto  him. 

Saith  he  was  here  about  the  trustees  service.  3 

The  case  of  Christopher  Jackson  is  exceedingly  difficult 
to  understand.  The  rough  notes  of  MS.  1021,  intended 
only  for  the  use  of  the  scribe,  are  not  easy  to  read  intelli- 
gently; but  what  seems  clear  is  the  identification  of  the 
Garsdale  Jackson  with  the  Dalston  one.*   Were  it  not  for 

1.  For  reference  to  Mr.  Forward  and  Dalston  vide  p.  565. 

2.  Dr.  John  Arrowsmith,  for  some  time  Master  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  was  one  of  Cromwell's  "Triers."  He  was  a  North  Country 
man,  being  born  at  Gateshead,  and  it  appears  that  Jackson's  case  was 
referred  to  him.     (Brook's  Lives  of  the  Puritans,  vol.  iii,  p.  315.) 

3.  All  these  are  from  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  1021. 

4.  Quite  late  iiiformation  has  thrown  strong  suspicion  upon  this 
identification.  The  impression  produced  by  the  reading  of  MS.  1021  is 
that  the  two  were  one,  because  the  various  items  follow  so  regularly. 
It  will,  however,  be  noted  that  the  Christian  name  is  not  given  in 
any  of  the  extracts.  That  Christopher  Jackson  was  at  Dalston  admits 
of  no  doubt;  and  it  is  almost  equally  certain  that  the  Garsdale  Jackson 
was  not  Christopher,  but  Richard,  who  was  also   Head  Master  of  the 


Dalston  245 

a  serious  clashing  of  dates  I  should  have  no  hesitation  in 
identifying  him  also  with  the  Christopher  Jackson  who 
appears  at  Crosby  Garrett,  and  who  was  ejected  thence  at 
the  Restoration.^  In  view  of  the  declared  policy  of  the 
Commonwealth  a  Plurality  of  livings  for  him  is  unthink- 
able. Yet  even  in  spite  of  the  date  difficulty  there  is 
something  to  be  said  for  their  identification.  Calamy 
states  that  Christopher  Jackson  of  Crosby  Garrett  was  first 
outed  somewhere  in  Yorkshire,  and  the  MS.  says  that  the 
Dalston  Jackson  was  ejected  from  Garsdale,  which  is  in 
Yorkshire,  a  few  miles  from  Sedbergh.  The  charge  of 
scandalousness  can  hardly  be  interpreted  in  the  usual 
acceptance  of  the  term;  and  his  immediate  transfer  to 
Dalston  supports  that  contention. ^  The  case  is  complicated 
by  the  appearance  in  the  ministry  of  more  than  one  person 
of  this  name  about  this  time.  The  Episcopal  Register  at 
Carlisle  gives  a  Christopher  Jackson  who  was  ordained  in 
June,  1634:  Oliver  Heywood  mentions  a  "Nonconforming" 
Minister  of  this  name  who  died  in  1662,  after  the  Uni- 
formity Act  ^ ;  there  was  also  a  Christopher  Jackson  at 
Mallerstang  Chapel  in  1656^;  Palmer  gives  Christopher 
Jackson  ejected  from  Lampeter  in  Wales,  who  died  in 
London;   Christopher  Jackson,  B.A.,  of  Trinity  College, 

Sedbergh  Grammar  School.  Richard  Jackson  was  sequestered  for 
scandalousness,  among  the  charges  brought  against  him  being  drunken- 
iness,  which  was  fully  proved.  The  story  is  told  by  Mr.  Wilson  in  his 
"  Sedbergh  School  Register "  ;  by  the  Rev.  W.  Thompson,  M.A.,  in 
"  Sedbergh,  Garsdale  and  Dent  "  ;  and  in  part  in  the  Calendars  of  State 
Papers  for  1655/6  and  1656/7.  The  text  is  allowed  to  staoid  partly 
because  the  printing  had  proceeded  too  far  to  correct,  partly  because  it 
illustrates  the  difficulties  which  beset  a  work  of  this  kind,  and  partly 
because  of  the  interesting  items  it  contains  about  Jackson;  but  the 
reader  should  remember  the  caution  given.  The  case  of  Christopher 
Jackson  in  relation  to  Crosby  Garrett  is  in  no  way  affected  by  this 
discovery. 

1.  Vide  p.   1094. 

2.  This,    of    course,    was   on    the  assumption  that    the    person    was 
Christopher  Jackson;  but  vide  p.  244,  note  4. 

3.  Diaries,   vol.   i,   p.    305. 

4.  Vide  p.  1083. 


246  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Dublin,  was  nominated  to  Hambleton  Cliapel,  in  Lanca- 
shire, by  Richard  Clegg,  Yicar  of  Kirkham,  May  26thy 
1699^ ;  and  Christopher  Jackson,  Minister  of  the  Crux 
Church,  York,  "dyed  May  22nd,  1701,  aged  60."  2  It  is 
a  case  in  which  a  definite  judgment  is  not  possible  until 
further  light  is  forthcoming.  Christopher  Jackson  cer- 
tainly disappears  from  Dalston  about  1658,  and  who 
succeeded  him  has  not  been  ascertained. 

It  would  seem  from  the  following  that  a  Minister  was 
settled  here  in  1659-60  :  — 

Dalston 
D.  Mar.  1.  ffebr.  16th.  1659. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  by  Instrument  undr  their  hands  &  Seales 
dated  ye  9th  day  of  March  1658  annexed  the  impropriate  tithes 
following  all  in  ye  psh  of  Dalston  &  County  of  Cumberland  unto  ye 
vicarage  of  Dalston  aforesaid  vizt  the  tithes  of  Dalston  Hakesdale  & 
Buckabanke  Cardue  &  Cardiew  Lees  Percivall  Holmes  tenement 
tithe  woll  Lambe  of  Dalston  Calfeild  and  Little  Raughton  &  Raugh- 
ton  Moore  &  whereas  the  trustees  are  informed  that  notwithstanding 
the  said  annexacon  Mr.  Edmond  Branthwayte  Recr.  doth  not  permit 
the  Minister  of  Dalston  aforesd  quietly  to  hold  &  enjoy  the  sd  tithes 
according  to  ye  purport  thereof  It  is  ordered  that  ye  sd  Mr.  Branth- 
wayte doe  forbeare  any  further  intermedling  wth  ye  sd  tithes 
annexed  as  aforesd  or  ye  rents  issues  and  profitts  thereof  but  yt  he 
permitt  the  Ministr.  of  Dalston  to  hold  and  enjoy  the  same  according 
to  ye  sd  Instrumt.  wthout  let  trouble  or  molestacon. 
Jo  Thorowgood  Jo  Pococke  Wm.  Steele  George  Cowper  Rich.  Yong.3 

It  is  unfortunate  that  the  name  is  not  given ;  but  who- 
ever was  here  at  this  date  he  was  replaced  shortly 
afterwards,  whether  forcibly  or  not  has  not  been 
ascertained. 

Richard  Garth,  M.A.,  1661—1663. 

He  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  December 
9th,  1650;  graduated  B.A.  January  25th,  1654-5,  and 
M.A.  July  4th,  1657.*     The  State  Papers  give  the  names 

1.  Act  Book,  Chester  Registry. 

2.  Northowram  Register,  p.  105. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  987. 

4.  Al.   Ox. 


Dalston  247 

of  a  small  group  of  distinguished  Cumbrian  men  in 
Oxford,  who  were  in  frequent  correspondence  with  Sir 
Joseph  Williamson  during  the  years  1660  and  1661. 
These  were  Gerard  Langbaine,  Timothy  Halton,  Thomas 
Lamplugh,  and  Richard  Garth.  The  latter  does  not 
appear  to  have  been  a  particular  favourite,  and  he  was 
very  restive  because  no  living  came  his  way.  He 
petitioned  without  success  for  Workington,  but  eventually 
he  obtained  Dalston,^  being  collated  by  Bishop  Sterne 
October  14th,  1661.  He  removed  to  Bromfield.^  No 
entry  appears  in  the  Registers  relating  to  him,  but  in 
"  The  Easter  reckoning  Booke "  is  a  true  copy  of  his 
receipt  "  dated  June  ye  27th,  1662,"  which  was  written 
out  in  1T18  by  "  Jo  :  Walker,  curat,"  and  which  relates 
to  John  Holme  of  Holme  Hall,  and  his  tithe  hay. 

John  Walker,  B.A.,  1663—1714. 

He  also  was  collated  by  Bishop  Sterne,  February  3rd, 
1663.  Foster  says  that  John  Walker  matriculated  at 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  July  25th,  1655,  graduated  B.A. 
1660,  and  M.A.  from  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge, 
1669:  "perhaps  vicar  of  Dalston.''^  He  remained  here 
until  his  death  in  1714;  and  his  burial  entry  in  the 
Registers  reads  thus  :  — 

Johannes  Walker  vicarius  de  Dalston  obiit  die  Sabbati  viz.  decimo 
quinto  die  August!  1714  Semi-hora  post  Septemanam  et  die  Martis 
tunc  proxime  sequenti  circiter  horam  quintam  pomeridianam  (intra 
Ecclesiam)  fuit  sepultus. 

The  Registers  also  have  the  following  interesting 
entry :  — 

September  13th  1700  is  buried  John  Stubbs  of  Dalston  quacker. 

Possibly  he  was  a  relative  of  "  Thomas  Stubbs  of  Dalston, 
who   had   been   a   Soldier  and   had   laid   down   Arms   & 

1.  Cal    S.  P.  Dom.  for  1660-1 ;  also  Lamplugh's  letter,  p.  775. 

2.  Vide  p.  641. 

3.  Ai.  Ox. 


248  The   Ejected   of    1662 

received  Truth  "^'  becoming  famous  afterwards  as  one  of 
George  Eox's  most  enthusiastic  Missionaries. 

Thomas  Benson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1714—1727. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Nicolson  and  inducted 
October  23rd,  1714.  He  had  for  his  Curate,  John  Walker, 
probably  the  son  of  John  Walker  his  predecessor  in  the 
living.  John  Walker's  baptismal  entry  bears  date 
November  15th,  1672.  Benson  held  Stanwix  along  with 
Dalston.2 

1.  The  First  Publishers  of  Truth,  p.  68.  That  is  how  it  is  stated  in 
this  work,  but  Ferguson  (Early  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  Friends, 
p.  155)  and  others  give  John  Stubbs  as  the  soldier,  identifying  him  with 
the  person  whose  burial  is  noted  above.  The  statement  in  "The  First 
Publishers,"  &c.,  is  entitled  to  the  greater  weight. 

2.  Vide  p.  198. 


II.     THE   BRAMPTON   GROUP. 

In  spite  of  the  labour  bestowed  upon  it,  tlie  information 
supplied  by  this  section  is  disappointingly  meagre.  In 
most  cases,  the  County  Histories  are  of  little  service,  no 
attempt  being  made  to  furnish  a  list  of  those  who  held  the 
livings.  The  livings  were,  of  course,  small;  and,  in  conse- 
quence, served  mainly  by  Curates,  and  the  difficulty  is 
increased  by  the  Pluralism,  which  largely  abounded.  The 
Registers  also  fail  us,  in  only  a  few  cases  being  anterior 
to  the  Restoration.  The  late  Rev.  Henry  Whitehead, 
M.A.,  in  his  paper  on  The  Brampton  Deanery  Registers, 
however,  has  proved  to  be  of  the  greatest  assistance,  the 
only  surprise  being  that  so  keen  and  careful  an  antiquarian 
student  should  have  made  such  large  use  of  Whellan, 
whose  mistakes  are  irritatingly  plentiful  and  glaring.  In 
the  principal  cases,  however,  those  in  which  we  are  mainly 
interested  because  of  the  changes  which  the  Common- 
wealth and  Restoration  brought,  the  lists  are  fairly  full. 

I.    BRAMPTON. 

This  is  a  market  town  some  ten  miles  east  of  Carlisle. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Martin,  and  its  Registers 
begin  in  1663.  The  earliest  volume,  which  is  of  parch- 
ment, contains  all  the  marriages,  baptisms  and  burials  up 
to  1729,  with  the  exception  of  five  years,  1707-1712.  It  is 
in  good  condition  and  the  writing  is  quite  legible.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Robert  Beck,  1579—1599. 

A  person  of  this  name,  possibly  the  same,  was  at  Kirk- 
linton  in  1576,  and  CrosthJ^^aite  in  1592.  If  the  same 
he  would  be  a  Pluralist.^ 

1.  Vide  pp.  307,  648. 


250  The    Ejected    of  1662 

Henry  Hudson,  S.T.B.,  1600— 

He  was  instituted  April  3,  1600,  and  was  gone  before 
1611.  Probably  the  person  of  this  name  who  had  charge 
of  Stapleton  in  1603,  and  Brigham  in  1617.1 

Nicholas  Copeland,  1611. 

The  authority  for  this  is  the  following :  — 

January  2.  1611,  To  Mr.  Cowpland,  vicar  of  Brampton  uppon 
composition  for  the  tythes  thear  due  and  payable  at  this  Christmas 
last  past  for  one  year,  vijli.     [Eeceived]  Nicholas  Cowpland.  2 

There  are  also  references  under  1612  to  "Mr.  Cowpland's 
maid  bringing  eggs  "  and  receiving  "  xijd  "  for  the  same; 
also  to  her  "  bringing  plums  "  for  which  she  got  "  iiijd." ; 
and  "  to  Mr.  Cowpland's  man  bringing  hens  "  for  which 
he  obtained  "  ijs."  On  December  26,  1613,  "  Mr.  Cow- 
pland "  received  for  "  one  yeares  tythes  ended  at 
Christemas  1613  vijli."  He  evidently  removed  shortly 
after  this. 

Probably  the  person  who  for  some  time  was  Master  of 
the  St.  Bees  Grammar  School.  He  was  also  at  Brigham 
and  Gosforth.  ^ 

Thomas  Warwick,  1615. 

It  is  exceedingly  difficult  to  sort  out  the  Warwicks,  of 
whom  there  appear  to  have  been  several  in  the  ministry 
at  this  time.  The  late  Henry  Whitehead,  Vicar  of 
Brampton,  and  one  of  the  largest  and  most  valuable 
contributors  to  the  Transactions  of  the  Cumberland  and 
Westmorland  Archaeological  Society,  gives  the  name  of 
the  Brampton  Vicar  as  "  William  Warwick."  *  He  does 
so  on  the  authority  of  Hutchinson  and  Whellan;  but 
these  writers  are  very  unreliable  in  matters  of  this  kind, 
and  the  name  is  a  mistake.  The  Institution  Books  give 
"  Thomas  Warwick "  and  state  that  he  was  instituted, 

1.  Vide  pp.  288,  747. 

2.  Household  Books,  &c.,  pp.  56  and  57. 

3.  Vide  pp.  747,  836. 

4.  Brampton  in  the  Olden  Times,  p.  69. 


I 


Brampton  251 

Aug.  17,  1615,  on  a  Presentation  by  "  Hen.  Dacre  Ar." 
Foster  has  also  mixed  things  up  considerably.  He  gives 
the  following  under  "Thomas  Warwicke"  : — "  Of  Carlisle, 
pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  14  July  1592  aged  18;  B.A.  8 
July  1596;  M.A.  from  St.  Edmund  Hall  4  July  1599; 
rector  of  Salkeld,  Cumberland,  1604,  vicar  of  Morland, 
Westmorland,  1606,  and  of  Brampton,  Cumberland,  1615." 
This  is  followed  thus: — "Warwicke  Thomas  of  Cumber- 
land pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  12  Oct.  1621,  aged  20,  B.A. 
29  Nov.  1621;  vicar  of  Morland,  Westmorland,  1621, 
rector  of  Beaumont  1625, and  of  Bowness,  (both)  Cumber- 
land 1629,"  ^  The  second  Thomas  Warwick  was  ordained 
Deacon  Sep.  28,  1623,  and  is  probably  the  person  of  that 
name  that  held  the  living  of  Aspatria  in  1639.-  Foster 
also  gives  George  Warwick  "  of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's 
Coll.  matric  14  June  1582,  aged  16,  B.A.  8  Dec.  1586, 
M.A.  9  June  1589,  fellow  1593 ;  rector  of  Simondsburne, 
Northumberland,  1597-9,  and  of  Melmerby,  Cumberland, 
1610^21,  Archdeacon  of  Carlisle  1604-21."  ^  This  was 
the  one  who  was  at  Great  Salkeld,  and  not  Thomas 
Warwick  as  given  by  Foster.  * 

The  only  way  through  the  Warwick  maze  which  suggests 
itself  at  present  is  the  following.  Three  persons  of  the 
name  of  Thomas  Warwick  are  given  as  successively  Rectors 
of  Morland,  being  father,  son,  and  probably  grandson.^ 
Thomas  Warwick,  senior,  held  the  Morland  living  for 
forty  years,  resigning  in  1606  in  favour  of  his  son, 
Thomas  Warwick,  M.A.,  who  remained  until  1620.  This 
is  probably  the  one  who  was  at  Askham  from  1604  to  1610, 
in  which  case  he  would  be  a  Pluralist.  This  would  be  the 
Brampton  Vicar,  and  in  1645  he  appears  as  Eector  also  of 
Bowness.  The  latter  living  had  passed  out  of  his  hands 
by  1647;  probably,  as  in  the  case  of  several  others,  he 
had   had   the   choice    of  either  but   had   been    compelled 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  643. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Loftie's  Great  Salkeld ;    its  Rectors  and  History,  p.  56. 

5.  Vide  p.   1178. 


2^52  The   Ejected   of  1662 

to  surrender  one.  Thomas  Warwick,  M.A.,  the  third  of 
that  name  was  at  Morland  from  1621  to  1624.  Possibly 
this  is  the  one  who  appears  at  Beaumont  in  1625  and 
Aspatria  in  1639.  ^ 

Lord  William  Howard  seems  to  have  been  in  the  habit 
of  giving  "  Parson  Warik  "  financial  assistance  in  times 
of  stress.     Hence  the  following  :  — 

May  28,   1620,   Lent  to   Parson  Warik  by  my  Lord's  apoyntment 
xls. 

Again  :  — 

Monie   lent  Jan.    1.    1621-2   To  Mr.    Warwick  Vicar  of   Brampton 
by  my  Lord's  Command  at  London  vli. 

Also  :  — 

August  2.  1633.  Lent  unto  Mr.  Warwicke,  Viker  of  Brampton, 
(to  redeeme  him  from  the  Pursivantes  handes)  and  to  bee  payed 
againe  at  Lammas  1634  xxli.  2 

It  appears  that  Warwick  and  Lady  Howard  did  not 
scruple  to  do  a  little  gambling  together.  Hence  the 
following :  — 

Feb  23.  1624.     To  my  Lady  at  tabells  with  Mr.  Warwick  iiijs." 

Not  less  interesting  this  :  — 

1628  Sept.  28.      To  Mr.  Warwicke  for  xvj  salted  sallmons  sent  to 
London  unto  Sr  William  Pitts  xxxijs.* 

In  1629  he  is  referred  to  as  "  olde  Mr.  Warwicke,"  and 
the  following  shows  how  his  home  was  doubtless  annually 
cheered  :  — 

Eewards.     January   1st    1629-30    (New   Yeares  daye).     To    Parson 

Warwicke    by  my   Lord's   Commaund    xxs.      To  his   wife   from   my 

Ladie  xs.  5 

In  1644  he  contributed  £2  Os.  Od.  to  the  Carlisle 
garrison  for  Bowness  and  Brampton.     In  January  1655-6 

1.  Vide  p.  220. 

2.  Household  Books,  pp.   Uo,   181,  338. 

3.  Ibid.,  p.  213. 

4.  Ibid.,  p.  245. 

5.  Ibid.,  p.  262. 


I 


Brampton  253 

"  Mr.  Warwicke  "  was  among  the  Carlisle  preachers,  his 
expenses  being  3s. ;  but  probably  this  was  the  Aspatria 
Warwick.  Similarly  the  one  named  by  William  Lampit 
in  his  letter  of  1650,  where  he  is  described  as  "  late 
chaplain  to  Sir.  Edward  Musgrave,  a  great  plunderer  of 
honest  men."  ^  The  one  fact  that  stands  out  with  un- 
questioned distinctness  is  that,  in  1644,  the  Brampton 
Warwick  was  a  Pluralist,  like  so  many  others  of  his  day, 
having  Bowness  for  his  other  living.  The  Episcopal 
Register  gives  the  following  :  — 

An  Indenture  made  to  Thomas  Warwick  of  ye  ffishing  in  Eden, 
&c.,  Rose  Castle  County  of  Cumberland.     Feby.   14.  1685-6. 

The  "  Chamberlain's  Accounts  "  also  refer  to  "  old  Mr. 
Warwick."  ^     Both  of  these  were  probably  connections. 

Andrew  Mandrake,  1656 — 1658. 

This  name  does  not  appear  in  any  history,  but  his 
appointment  and  Augmentation  are  referred  to  in  the 
following  :  — 

Brampton, 
ffeb.   3rd.    1656. 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  ye  16th.  day  of  January  in  the 
years  1656  there  was  &c.  a  pensacon  of  Andrew  INIandrake  Clerke  to 
ye  Vicarage  of  Brampton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  made  to  him 
by  Charles  Howard  Esq.  the  patron  thereof  together  &c.  Upon  &c 
the  Comrs.  &c.  In  Witnes  &c.  Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  21  day  of 
January   1656. 

Ut  Coldecot  per 
Jo.  Nye  Regr.  3 

Brampton, 
d  d  23  ffeb.  flebr.  3d.  1656. 

Ordered  that  the  yearly  Sume  of  thirty  poundes  bee  and  the  Same 
is  hereby  Graunted  to  the  Minister  of  Brampton  in  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  to  and  for  increase  of  his  Maintenance  his  Highnes  and 
Councell  haveing  approved  thereof  the  24th  day  of  March  1655  And 
that  the  Same  bee  from  time  to  time  paid  unto  Mr.  Andrew  Mand- 
rake   Minister    of    Brampton    aforesaid    approved    according    to    the 

1.  Vide  p.  624. 

2.  Vide  p.  181. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  968. 


2  54  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Ordinance  for  approbacon  of  publique  preachers  the  21  day  of 
January  1656  to  hold  for  such  time  as  hee  shall  descharge  the  duty 
of  the  Minister  of  the  said  place  or  untill  further  Order  of  these 
Trustees  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  hereafter  Menconed  vizt  the 
yearly  Sume  of  ten  pounds  out  of  the  Tythes  of  Aspatria  the  further 
yearly  sume  of  six  poundes  out  of  the  tythes  of  Aughterside  and  ye 
further  yearly  Sume  of  fourteen  poundes  out  of  the  tythes  of  Hayton 
Mellowe  &  Quinsby  all  within  the  County  of  Cumberland  and 
amounting  in  the  whole  to  ye  said  yearly  Sume  of  thirty  poundes  the 
Same  to  bee  accompted  from  this  pret  3d  day  of  ffeb.  [1656]  and  Mr. 
Edmund  Branthwayte  Receiver  is  hereby  appointed  to  pay  ye  Same 
unto  him  accordingly. 

Ed.  Cressett,  Jo.  Humfrey,  Ri.  Sydenham  Edw.  Hopkins 
Ri.  Yongl 

Brampton.  June  25.  1657. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  the  third  ffebr  1656  ordered  unto  Mr. 
Andrew  Mandrake 2  Minr  of  Brampton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
(among  other  thinges)  the  yearely  Sume  of  fourteene  poundes  out  of 
the  tithes  of  Hayton  ilellow  and  Quinsby  in  the  said  County  to  be 
accompted  from  the  said  3d  day  of  ffeb  1656  It  is  ordered  that  the  Sume 
of  Twelve  poundes  eight  shillinges  only  be  paid  out  of  the  said  tithes 
of  Hayton  &c  and  the  further  yearely  Sume  of  one  pound  twelve 
shillinges  out  of  the  tithes  of  Cumrew  in  the  said  County  the  same  to 
be  accompted  from  the  said  3d  day  of  ffebr  1656  and  to  be  from  time 
to  time  continued  and  paid  to  the  said  Mr.  Mandrake  for  such  time 
as  he  shall  descharge  the  duty  of  the  Minr.  of  the  said  place  or  untill 
further  order  of  these  Trustees.  And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite 
recr  doe  pay  the  same  unto  him  accordingly. 

Ri.  Sydenham  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Pocock  Ri.  Yong  John  Humfrey.  3 

Brampton.  July  7.  1658. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  have  by  orders  of  the  3d  of  ffebruary  1656 
and  25th  of  June  1657  graunted  unto  the  Minister  of  Brampton  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  the  yearely  sume  of  thirty  pounds  out  of  the 
particulers  in  the  said  ordrs  menconed  It  is  ordered  that  the  further 
yearely  sume  of  ten  poundes  be  graunted  for  a  further  increase  of 
maintennce  of  the  minister  of  Brampton  aforesaid  and  that  the  same 
be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto  Mr.  Andrew  Mandrake  Minister  of 
Brampton  aforesaid  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  tithes  of 
Crosby  in  the  said  County  To  hold  for  such  time  as  he  shall  continue 
to   descharge   the    duty   of   the    minister    of    Brampton    aforesaid    or 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.  Min.)  993. 

2.  The  scribe  has  written  Wandrake  several  times. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.)  993. 


I 


Brampton  255 

further  order  of  these  Trustees  to  be  accounted  from  the  24th  of  June 
last  And  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwayt  Kecr  doe  pay  the  same 
accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri.  Yong  Ra  Hall  Jo  Humphrey  Jo.  Pocock.  i 

Andrew  Mandrake  died  shortly  after  tliis. 

mXHANIEL  BUENAND,  M.A.,  1658—1662. 

He  was  the  son  of  "  old  Mr.  Nathanael  Burnand,  the 
chief  Minister  in  Durham  in  the  time  of  the  Civil  Wars."  - 
Such  is  Calamy's  statement  and  he  adds  that  he  was  "bred 
in  Cambridge."  Foster,  however,  gives  the  following 
which  almost  certainly  refers  to  him :  "  Of  Berks,  Cler. 
fil.  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  matric.  12  Xov.  1619,  aged 
15,  B.A.  7  July  1623;  M.A.  from  Magdalen  Hall  1  July 
1626."  3  In  March  1642  he  was  committed  to  Newcastle 
gaol  for  religious  offences;*  but  shortly  after  he  took 
charge  of  Ovingham  in  Northumberland.  The  following 
is  witness  to  this :  — 

1642  April  19.  Whereas  Nath.  Burnand  an  Orthodox  divine  out 
of  his  Desire  to  advance  the  preaching  of  the  Gospel  in  the  County 
of  Northumberland,  and  being  chosen  by  the  parishioners  of  Ovingham 
to  preach  there  is  willing  (though  to  his  great  charge)  to  remove  his 
Family  thither ;  this  House  doth  very  well  approve  of  the  good  and 
pious  intention  of  the  said  Mr.    Burnand. 5 

In  1645  he  appears  at  Morpeth  reporting,  along  with 
several  other  Ministers,  as  to  the  religious  state  of  the 
County,  in  view  of  the  prospective  setting  up  of  "  Presby- 
teriall  Government."  They  refer  to  "  ye  paucity  of  godly 
and  able  ministers  in  this  spatious  Countye" ;  "  ye  poore 
allowance  for  ministers  in  many  of  the  sayd  parishes  (the 
stipend  not  being  lOli  per  annum)  occasioneth  many  to 
ye  scandall  of  theire  function  to  keepe  common  alehouses"  ; 
to  the  necessity  for  "  taking  away  the  Booke  of  Common 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.)  995. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  158. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  So  Penfold  in  "Early  Brampton  Presbyterianism  "  (Trans.  (N.S.), 
vol.  iii,  p.  97). 

5.  C.  J.,   vol.   ii,   p.    535. 


256  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Prayr  ...  ye  nurse  of  an  idle  and  non-preacliing  min- 
istry" ;  and  request  ttat  the  divers  "  ministers  that  have 
bin  or  shalbe  east  out  of  theire  places  for  seandall  or 
delinquency  whether  in  remote  parts  or  among  orselves 
.  .  .  may  not  bee  setled  among  us  least  they  proving  false 
may  hinder  ye  establishing  of  truth  and  righteousnes  in 
this  part  of  ye  kingdome."  ^ 

In  1656  he  had  charge  of  Castle  Carrock  and  Cum- 
whitton  and  his  appointment  to  Brampton  together  with 
his  salary  is  referred  to  in  the  following :  — 

Brampton 

Mar.  18  ' 

1658. 
Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  ye   7th  day  of  January   1658 
there  was  exhibited  &c  a  presentacon  of  Nathaniell  Burnand  CI.  to 
the   Vicarage   of   Brampton   in   ye  County   of   Cumberland   made   to 
him  by  Charles  Lord  Howard  Kn.  the  patron  together  &c.     In  witnes 
Dated  at  Whitehall  28th  of  January   1658. 
Jo.    Nye    Regr.  2 

Brampton  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland.  Nathaniel  Burnand  CI.  Admitted  the  28th 
day  of  January  1658  to  ye  V.  of  Brampton  in  ye  County  of  Cum- 
berland Upon  a  pres.  exhibited  the  7th  day  of  January  1658  from 
Charles  Lord  Viscount  Howard  the  patron  And  Certificates  from 
Wm.  Brisco  Tho  :  Crayster  Cuth  Studholme  Tho  :  Sewell  Tho  : 
Langhorne  Rich.  Gilpin  of  Graystocke  Roger  Baldwin  Tim.  Tullye 
Roland   Niccols   Comf.    Starre.3 

Fryday  25.   Februarij   1658. 
Brampton 

Cumberland.  Continue  ye  301i  to  Mr.  Burnand  p'sent  Minister 
but  not  ye  lOli  yt  being    gone  to  Crosby.  4 

Brampton.  March   23,  1658. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  3d  of  ffebruary  1656  ord.  ye  yearly  sume 
of  thirty  poundes  unto  ye  Minister  of  Brampton  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  his  Highnesse  and  Counsell  haveing  approved  thereof 
to  bee  paid  unto  Mr.  Andrew  Mandrake  then  Minister  there  who 
is  since  deceased  It  is  ordered  that  ye  sume  bee  continued   &  from 

1.  Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.   Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  366. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.),  968. 

3.  Ihid.,  999. 

4.  Ihid.,  1003. 


Brampton  257 

time  to  time  paid  unto  Mr.  Nathaniell  Burnand  admitted  to  the 
Vicaridge  of  Brampton  aforesd  by  the  Comrs  for  approbacon  of 
Publique  preachrs  ye  28th  day  of  January  last  to  bee  paid  out  of 
the  perticulers  hereafter  menconed  (vizt)  the  yearly  sume  of  lOli  out 
of  ye  rents  &  pfitts  of  the  tithes  of  Aspatree  ye  further  yearly  sume 
of  6li  out  of  ye  rents  &  pfitts  of  the  tithes  Ougherside  &  ye  further  yearly 
sume  of  14li  out  of  the  rents  &  pfitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Hayton  Mellow 
Quinsby  in  ye  sd  County  of  Cumberland  &  amounting  in  ye  whole 
to  ye  sd  yearly  sume  of  301i  To  hold  for  such  time  as  the  sd  Mr. 
Burnand  shall  continue  faithfully  to  descharge  ye  duty  of  ye  Minister 
of  ye  sd  place  or  further  Order.  And  that  ilr.  Edmund  Branthwaite 
Recr  doe  pay  the  same  accordingly. 
Ra  Hall  Ric  Sydenham  Ri  Yong  Jo  Pocock  Edw  Cressett.  i 

Contrary  to  what  almost  invariably  happened  in  Cum- 
berland and  Westmorland,  bis  Ejection  did  not  take  place 
until  1662.  In  the  Brampton  Court  Leet  Records  is  the 
following :  — 

Cur.  Let.  1661  Nathaniell  Burnand,  Clericus  propter  Johannem 
Peares  de  Cannockhill  iijs.  iiijd.  pro  decimis  29  9ber  2 

His  career  after  his  Ejection  is  thus  given  by  Calamy  :  — 

When  he  was  Ejected,  he  retir'd  to  the  Desart  Places  in  Austin- 
More  [Alston],  aftd  there  took  a  Farm,  and  manag'd  it  carefully  in 
order  to  a  Subsistence  for  his  Family,  Preaching  in  his  own  House 
on  the  Lord's  Day  to  any  Poor  Christians  that  would  come  to  hear 
him ;  and  in  process  of  time  he  Preach'd  at  Burneston  in  Publick, 
no  one  taking  Notice  of  him.  At  length  Providence  Favouring  Sir 
William  Blacket  in  his  Lead-Mines,  he  fix'd  him  there  to  Preach  to 
his  Miners,  with  an  allowance  of  301  per  annum.  He  had  great 
Success  among  those  Ignorant  Creatures,  and  did  much  good.  But 
when  the  Mines  fail'd  Poor  Mr.  Burnand  was  again  at  a  loss ;  came 
up  to  London,  and  spent  some  time  with  a  Congregation  at  Harwich. 
But  Age  coming  upon  him,  he  at  length  came  to  London  again,  and 
subsisted  upon  the  Charity  of  well  disposed  Christians,  till  Death 
gave  him  his    Quietus.  3 

In  the  Episcopal  Eegister  at  Carlisle  the  following 
notice  of  his  relief  from  the  sentence  of  Excommunication 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  995. 

2.  Whitehead's  Brampton  xviith  Century  Presbyterians  (Trans.  (O.S.) 
for  1886). 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   158. 

R 


258  The   Ejected   of  1662 

occurs :  "  1665  7br  8  Eadem  [Absolutia]  concessa.  Mro 
Nathan.  Burnand."  In  the  Conventicle  Returns  for  1669 
he  is  described  as  "  a  Farmer  or  Drover,"  who  was 
accustomed  to  hold  a  "  Conventicle  of  Independents  "  in 
Brampton,  his  hearers  being  30  or  35  in  number,  "  meane 
most  of  them,  but  some  rich."  ^  In  1672  he  took  out  a 
License  as  a  "  Pr[esbyterian]  Teacher,"  though  his  Con- 
venticles went  by  the  name  of  "  Independent."  For  some 
reason  or  other  his  name  does  not  appear  in  the  Present- 
ment Lists,  and  he  is  lost  to  sight  for  a  while.  Mr.  J.  W. 
Robinson  suggests  that  for  several  years  he  may  have  been 
at  "  Middlehope  Burnfoot  in  Allendale  first  as  a  farmer 
and  then  as  a  Minister" ;  and  adds  that  "  Burnand  appears 
frequently  in  the  Allendale  Parish  Registers  between  1694 
and  1698,  but,  curiously,  his  Christian  name  is  never 
mentioned."  ^ 

The  following  undoubtedly  relates  to  him  and  testifies 
to  his  moderation  and  liberality  of  view :  — 

CCVIII.     JOHN  WALTON  AND  OTHERS.     FOR  SPEAKING 
AGAINST  THE   CHURCH   OF   ENGLAND. 

Feb.  9,  1676-7.  Before  Sir  Philip  xMusgrave  Bt.  Thomas  Walton 
of  Aldstone  Moore  gent  saith  that,  being  in  the  Company  of  Lionell 
Walton,  of  the  Bridge  end,  his  son,  John  Walton  &c.  and  discoursing 
about  a  Minister,  Mr.  Burnand,  who  related  to  this  informer  some 
discourse  that  past  betwixt  himselfe  and  one  John  Walton  of  Gates- 
head concerning  the  Church  of  England,  which  Church  Mr.  Burnand 
held  to  be  a  true  Church,  the  said  John  Walton  denied  it.  The 
Company  now  present  said  they  thought  that  John  Walton  was  in 
the  right.  They  did  also  endeavour  to  prove  by  Arguments  that  the 
Church  of  England  was  a  false  Church ;  namely,  the  Kinge  is  a 
foresworne  man  then  how  could  he  establish  a  true  Church  :  that 
the  Church  of  England  is  eronious,  and  therefore  could  not  be  a  true 
Church  :  and  that  a  corrupt  tree  cannot  bring  forth  good  frute,  the 
Church  of  England  is  universily  corrupt  therefore  it  cannot  be  a 
true  Church.  They  did  also  affirme  that  the  Church  of  England  was 
goeing  on  the  broad  way  to  destruction.  They  also  said  that  if  the 
Church  of  England  went  to  heaven,  hell  would  be  very  empty. 
They  alsoe  affirmed  and  tooke  in  hand  to  prove  that  those  that  used 

1.  Vide  p.  1329. 

2.  Notes  on  the  Early  Nonconformist  Ministers  at  Alston  Moor. 


Brampton  259 

the   Comon  Prayer  would  be  dammed.     They  endeavoured  to  prove 
it  out  of  some  text  in  the  CoUossians,  chap.  2d  22  and  23  ver.i 

Nathaniel  Burnand  ranks  with  Eichard  Gilpin,  George 
Larkham,  George  Benson,  and  a  few  others,  in  the  work  of 
laying  the  foundations  of  Nonconformity  in  this  County. 
He  was  connected  with  Gilpin  by  marriage,  having 
Gilpin's  sister  for  his  wife.  In  the  Gilpin  Pedigree  the 
name  is  given  as  Margaret;'  and  the  late  Mr.  Whitehead 
says  that  he  had  among  his  papers  the  following,  though 
how  it  had  been  obtained  he  could  not  be  sure  :  "Margaret 
d.  of  Isaac  Gilpin  b.  14  Mar.  1631  M.  [Married]  Nathaniel 
Burnand  Rr.  of  Brampton  in  Com.  Cumbr."  It  is,  of 
course,  quite  possible  that  this  is  correct;  but  if  so  there 
was  a  great  disparity  in  the  ages  of  the  two.  This 
connection  with  the  Gilpin  family  would  make  him  a 
frequent  visitor  to  Scaleby  Castle,  where  Richard  Gilpin 
made  his  home  for  some  time  after  his  Ejection  from 
Greystoke ;  and  there  doubtless  he  often  found  protection 
from  the  storms  which  raged  around  him. 

In  view  of  his  connection  with  the  Gilpin  family  it  is 
singular  that,  according  to  Calamy's  statement,  he  went 
eventually  so  far  away  as  Essex,  and  that  upon  his  last 
days  the  shadow  of  a  deep  poverty  fell.  That  such, 
however,  was  the  case  is  attested  by  the  following :  — 

Nov.   13,  1710. 

Resolved  nemine  contradicente  that  six  pounds  be  immediately 
allowed  Mr.  Burnand  out  of  the  Fund  to  descharge  a  debt  owing  to 
his  Landlady  and  that  it  may  be  paid  into  the  hands  of  Mr. 
Grovenor. 

Feby  5,  1710/11. 

This  Board  being  informed  that  Mr.  Burnand  is  dead  and  that 
there  remains  due  from  him  to  the  persons  with  whom  he  lodged 
for  ye  necessary  supplys  of  Life  the  Sum  of  foure  pounds  ten  shil- 
lings and  six  pence  Ordered  that  the  said  sum  of  £4  10  6  be  allow'd 
for  ye  same  purpose  above  mentioned.  3 

1.  Dep.  from  York  Castle  (Surtees  Soc,  vol.  40),  p.  226. 

2.  Gilpin  Memoirs,  edited  by  Wm.  Jackson,  F.S.A. 

3.  Minutes  of  the  Presbyterian  Fund.  For  his  connection  with 
Brampton  and  Alston  Nonconformity  vide  pp.  1270,  1271. 


26o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Mr.  Whitehead  gives  the  following  interesting  account 
of  a  visit  to  the  house,  upon  which  tradition  fixes  as  the 
place  where  Nathaniel  Burnand  was  accustomed  to  preach 
in  the  days  of  his  religious  outlawry  :  — 

It  seems  he  preached  at  his  own  house,  where  tradition  says  he 
was  not  connived  at  but  had  to  preach  for  safety  in  a  loft,  to  which 
he  and  his  audience  obtained  access  through  a  trap  door.  I  was 
told  of  this  tradition  by  Mr.  Joseph  Dickinson,  of  Alston,  who 
accompanied  me  on  a  visit  I  desired  to  pay  to  the  lonely  retreat  of 
one  of  the  most  interesting  of  my  predecessors.  We  ascended  through 
the  trap  door,  and  stood  in  the  loft ;  which  is  larger  than  either  of 
the  rooms  below,  and  perhaps  on  that  account  rather  than  for 
secrecy  was  used  for  preaching,  i 

The  County  Histories,  except  Whellan,  ignore  Burnand, 
and  he  blunders  with  the  name,  giving  it  as  "  John." 
With  reference  to  Nathaniel  Burnand,  senior,  it  may  be 
added  that,  about  1649,  he  appears  along  with  Richard 
Gilpin  as  one  of  the  Ministers  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of 
Durham.  His  burial  is  thus  noted  in  the  Parish  Registers 
of  the  St.  Oswald  Church  :  — 

Burial  1650  May  6.  Mr.  Nathaniell  Burnand,  Minister  of  this 
Church. 

Philip  Fielding,  M.A.,  1662—1692. 

He  was  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  graduating 
B.A.  in  1660,  and  M.A.  in  1664.  Reckoning  according  to 
the  Old  Style,  in  October,  two  months  after  St.  Bartholo- 
mew's Day,  he  read  the  Thirty  Nine  Articles  as  the 
Registers  testify :  — 

28.    8.    1662. 

Mem.  That  I  phill.  ffeilding  vicar  of  Brampton  have  the  day  & 
yeare  abovsd  read  the  Thirty  nine  Articles  appointed  by  the  Church 
of  England  in  Wittnesse  whereof  I  have  hereunto  subscribed  before 
these  witnesses  &c. 

Phil.  Feilding. 

His  Institution,  however,  does  not  appear  to  have  taken 
place  until  Feb.  2,  1662-3 ;  and  on  the  day  previous  he 
was  ordained  both  Deacon  and  Priest.     Philip  Fielding- 

1.  Brampton  xviith   Century  Presbyterians. 


I 


Brampton  261 

was  a  Pluralist,  becoming  Yicar  of  Crosby-on-Eden  and 
Irthington  in  1666.^  He  resigned  Crosby  in  1670,  but 
kept  Irthington  witb  Brampton  until  his  death,  which 
took  place  in  1692.  His  burial  entry  in  the  Registers 
reads  thus : 

Master  philip  ffellding  Vicker  of  Brampton  was  Buread  ye  25th 
of  June  1692. 

A  slab  in  the  north  east  corner  of  the  old  Church,  which 
still  in  part  exists  about  a  mile  from  the  town,  states 
that  he  died  "  in  anno  aetatis  53." 

John  Cockburn,  M.A.,  1692 — 1702. 

He  was  instituted  July  25,  1692,  on  the  Presentation  of 
"  Charles  Comes  Carliol."  He  read  the  Thirty  Nine 
Articles  Sep.  18,  1692.  A  daughter,  Margaret,  was  bap- 
tized Nov.  3rd  of  the  same  year;  and  he  died  in  1702  as 
the  following  from  the  Registers  attests  :  — 

Memorandum  that  Mr.  John  Cockburn  Vicar  of  Brampton  was 
buried  October  29th  Anno  Domini  1702. 

Richard  Culcheth,  M.A.,  1702 — 1714. 

He  was  instituted  March  13,  1702,  on  the  same  Pre- 
sentation. A¥riting  in  1704  Bishop  Nicolson  says  of  the 
last  three  Brampton  Vicars  that  Fielding  was  "  rich  and 
had  no  Children;"  Cockburn  "honest  and  poor;"  but  that 
Culcheth  was  "  somewhat  too  Worldly ;  endeavouring  to 
hold  Stapleton,  Upper  Denton  and  Farlam  ^  in  Commen- 
dam  with  ye  Liveing  of  Brampton."  Respecting  the 
Church  he  adds :  "  Little  and  very  unbecomeing  the 
giandeur  of  a  Mercate-Town.  'Tis  also  in  a  Slovenly 
pickle:  dark,  black  and  ill-Seated.  The  Quire  is  yet 
more  Nasty."  ^ 

The  burial  entry  of  Richard  Culcheth,  whose  tomb  is  in 
the  porch  of  the  Old  Church,  reads  thus  :  — 

The  Reverend  Mr.  Richard  Culcheth,  Buried  ye  4  of  February 
1713-4,  after  he  had  been  Vicar  of  Brampton  10  years,  10  months 
and   10   Days. 

1.  Vide  pp.  205,  284.      2.  Vide  pp.  275,  277,  288.      3.  Miscel.,  p.  142. 


II.     CASTLE  CARROCK. 

Castle  Carrock  is  a  small  village  about  four  miles  south 
of  Brampton,  and  near  the  majestic  scenery  of  the  Cross 
Fell  mountain  range.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Peter.  The  earliest  Register  Book  appears  to  have  been 
lost,  the  present  one  going  back  to  1679  only.  It  is  a 
paper  volume,  without  covers,  worn  at  the  edges,  but  the 
writing  is  clear  and  good.  It  opens  with  baptisms,  the 
earliest  decipherable  date  being  "  ffeb.  21.  1688-9."  This 
fact  led  Whellan  to  give  that  as  the  date  at  which  the 
Registers  begin  ;i  but  farther  in  the  book  it  will  be  found 
that  "  Wedings "  commence  with  1679  and  burials  the 
same.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Leonard  Milburn,  1589 — 1635. 

The  "Household  Books"  of  Lord  William  Howard  contain 
the  following  which,  among  things,  establish  his  connec- 
tion with  the  Bishop  of  Carlisle  :  — 

Aprilis  25  [1613].  To  Mr.  Parson  Milburn  for  his  whole  tjrth  of 
Geltesdale  due  to  him  at  Easter  last  xs.    * 

1621  Dcemb  2.  Eec.  more  by  him  [John  Pildrem]  of  the  Bishop 
of  Carlyle  as  mony  formerly  lent  to  his  brother  Mr.  Parson  Milburn 
as  part  of  ili  paid  by  Thomas  Waters  xxli.  3 

Januarie  21,  1624-5.  To  Mr.  Leanerd  Milbom  for  a  Coach  and 
4  horses  xxxli.  4 

The  Editor  suggests  that  these  had  been  the  property  of 
Bishop  Milburn  who  died  in  1624. 

The  Milburns,  Milbourns  or  Milbournes  were  a  Cum- 
berland family;  and,  as  already  intimated,  Leonard 
Milburn  was  the  brother  of  Richard  Milburn,  Bishop  of 

1.  Whellan,   p.    671. 

2.  Household  Books,  p.  56. 

3.  Ibid.,  p.   159. 

4.  Ibid.,  p.  223. 


Castle  Carrock  263 

Carlisle,  1621-1624.  Under  Kirkoswald  will  be  found  tte 
names  of  Robert  and  Leonard  Milboiirne.^  Leonard 
Milburn  of  Oiisby  and  Skelton  was  the  Bisbop's  son.^ 
The  Institution  Books  state  that  the  Castle  Carrock  Yicar 
died  about  1635. 

Christopher  Gibson,  1635 — 1651. 

He  was  collated  Aug.  17,  1635,  by  Bishop  Potter,  the 
vacancy  having  been  caused  "  p.  mort.  natural  Leonardi 
Milburne  clici  ult.  incumb."  the  place  being  given  as 
Castlecayrock."  ^  Foster  gives  the  names  of  several 
Gibsons  of  Westmorland  who  were  educated  at  Oxford,  in 
particular  two  or  three  sons  of  Richard  Gibson  of 
Bampton,  who  rose  to  distinction.  Christopher  Gibson 
was  a  contributor  to  the  Carlisle  garrison  in  1644,  being 
at  Castle  Carrock  at  the  time.  Walker  does  not  mention 
him  in  his  list  of  Sequestered  Clergy,  but  it  would  appear 
that  he  suffered  in  this  way  during  the  Commonwealth 
period. 

Nathaniel  Burnand,  M.A.,  1656 — 1658. 

His  appointment  is  referred  to  in  the  following  and  the 
question  of  his  Augmentation  is  also  dealt  with  :  — 

Brampton  Thursday  24th  March  1656. 

Castle  Carrocke.  Att  the  Councell  at  Whitehall. 

Ordered  that  it  bee  recomended  to  the  Trustees  for  Maintennce 
of  Ministers  to  settle  an  Augmentacon  of  fforty  poundes  p.  annum 
uppon  the  Minister  of  Brampton  and  thirty  poundes  p.  ann.  upon 
the  Minr  of  Castle  Carrock  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  there  being 
not  a  Competent  Mayntennce  for  preaching  Minrs.  there. 
Hen.    Scobell   Clerke 

of   the    Councell.  4 

Castle   Carrocke 

& 
Cumwhitton. 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  the  sixth  day  of  June  in  the 
yeare  one  thousand   six  hundred   ffifty  and   six  there   was  exhibited 

1.  Vide  p.  333. 

2.  Vide  pp.  387,  479. 

3.  Institution  Books. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  977. 


264  The   Ejected   of  1662 

to  the  Comrs  for  approbacon  of  publique  preachers  a  psacon  of 
Nathaniell  Burnand  Gierke  Master  of  Arts  to  the  Rectory  or  parish 
Churches  of  Castle  Carrocke  &  Com  Whitton  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  togeather  &c.  In  witnes  &c.  Dated  att  Whitehall  the 
9th  day  of  July   1656. 

Jo.    Nye    Regr.  l 

Castle 
Carrocke.  July  17,  1658. 

Whereas  these  Trustees  the  10th  of  July  graunted  the  yearly  sume 
of  thirty  poundes  unto  Mr.  Nath.  Burnard  Minister  of  Castle 
Carrocke  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  out  of  the  particulars  therein 
menconed  and  whereas  the  Chappelry  of  Cumrew  is  within  ye  said 
parish  and  there  is  noe  Minister  att  pret  to  the  said  Chappelry 
belonging  the  last  Curate  thereof  being  elected  out  of  the  same  and 
the  said  Mr.  Burnard  is  the  incumbent  of  the  said  parish  Church 
with  the  said  Chappelry  annexed  and  whereas  a  portion  of  tithes 
within  the  said  Chappelry  lately  come  into  the  possion  by  the 
expiration  of  ye  lease  thereof  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearly  Sume  of 
eight  poundes  bee  graunted  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the 
tithes  of  the  said  Chappelry  to  and  for  a  further  increase  of  main- 
tennce  of  the  said  Mr.  Burnard  And  it  is  further  ordered  that  upon 
expiration  of  the  lease  of  the  tithes  of  Cum  Whitton  in  the  said 
County  the  said  tithes  bee  likewise  graunted  unto  the  said  Minister 
for  increase  of  maintennce  in  Hew  of  soe  much  of  the  said  augmen- 
tacon  hereby  &  by  the  said  Ordr  of  the  10th  of  July  1656  Setled 
upon  him  as  the  said  tithes  of  Cum  Whitton  doe  amount  unto. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.   Cressett  Ri  Yong  Jo  Pocock  Jo.   Humfrey.  2 

Nathaniel  Burnand  removed  to  Brampton  in  1658,  under 
which  heading  a  full  account  of  him  appears.^  Whether 
any  one  immediately  succeeded  him  at  Castle  Carrock  is 
not  known.  This  is  to  be  regretted,  because,  if  so,  it  is 
almost  certain  that  at  the  Restoration  he  suffered  Ejection. 

Christopher  Gibson,  1660 — 1672. 

In  June,  1660,  Christopher  Gibson  petitioned  the  House 
of  Lords  for  restoration  to  the  living,  from  which  he  had 
been  "  most  illegally  ejected  and  Thurst  out,"  "  these  nyne 
yeares  last  past " ;  and  his  Petition,  a  copy  of  which  is 
here  appended,  was  successful:  — 

1.  Lambeth   MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),   968. 

2.  Ihid.,  995. 

3.  Vide  p.  255. 


Castle  Carrock  265 

Cumberland. 
To  the  right  honorble  the   Lords   in   Parliament   assembled 
The  humble  peticon  of  Chrestopher  Gibson  CI.  Viccar  of  the  pish  of 
Castle  Carrocke  in  the  County  of  Cumbland. 
Sheweth, 

That  yor  petionr  for  these  nyne  yeares  last  past  hath  beene  most 
illegally  ejected  and  Thurst  out  of  his  Viccarage  of  Castle  Carrocke 
in  the  County  of  Cumbland  and  from  the  exercise  of  his  Ministerial! 
duty  there  onely  for  his  Loyalty  and  affection  to  his  Maistey. 

May  it  therefore  please  yor  Lordpps  to  grant  yor  Order 
for  the  secureing  of  the  tythes  gleabes  and  profitts  thereof 
into  the  handes  of  such  persons  as  yor  Lordpps  shall 
thinke  fitt  untill  yor  petionrs  tytle  to  his  viccarage  shall 
be  determined  by  due  Course  of  Law. 
And  yor  petior  shall  dayly 
pray  &c. 

CHEISTO  :  GIBSON. 
1  Canne  certifye  the  truth  of  this  Petion  and  that  the  petr  hath 
beene  minister  there  this  twenty  yeares  last  past  and  that  he  was 
outed  for  his  Loyalty  to  his  Majestye. 

THOMAS  DACRE. 
Sr.  Tho.  Dacre  of  Leonard  Coast  in  Cumbland  Knt. 

[Inside  at  the  bottom  of  the  page  as  follows]  : —  : — Sr.  Tho.  Dacre 
att  White   horse  in   Chancery  Laine. 

[On  the  outside]  :— 23rd  of  June  1660.     Mr.  Cristo  :  Gibson  Gierke 
his  peticon. 
Expd.^ 

Christopher  Gibson  held  the  living  until  his  death  in 
1672. 

Henry  Skarrow,  M.A.,  1672— 1679(?). 

He  was  an  Edinburgh  graduate,  and  was  ordained 
Priest,  Sept.  20,  1668,  being  instituted.  May  18,  1672,  on 
a  Presentation  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter.  The  vacancy 
had  been  caused  by  the  death  of  Christopher  Gibson. 
Henry  Skarrow  was  at  Rocliffe  in  1668.^ 

Christopher  Rickerby,  1679 — ^1722. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  21,  1673,  and  Priest 
March  16,   1678-9,   being  then  "  de  Cumrew."     He  was 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library  :'  vide  H.M.C.,  Seventh  Report,  Pt.  1, 
p.    106. 

2.  Vide  p.  315. 


266  .  The   Ejected   of  1662 

instituted  Aug.  20,  1679,  on  a  Presentation  by  Thomas 
Smith,  S.T.P.,  and  possibly  was  related  to  Robert  Rickerby 
of  Cockermouth.  In  1672  he  appears  as  Schoolmaster  at 
Lazonby  and  was  on  terms  of  closest  intimacy  with  the 
Nonconformists  of  that  district.  Among  the  poetic 
effusions  in  praise  of  Mary  Wilson,  "  the  Virgin  Saint  '^ 
of  Kirkoswald,  bearing  date  1672,  is  Christopher  Rickerby's 
contribution  side  by  side  with  those  of  John  Davis  and 
George  Larkham ;  and  none  is  more  highly  eulogistic  than 
his.^  "Whether  at  the  time  of  his  residence  at  Lazonby 
he  served  the  Chapel  at  Armathwaite,  as  far  as  his  Orders 
permitted,  is  not  certain;  but  he  conducted  a  marriage 
there,,  on  Feb.  3,  1675.  At  that  time,  however,  he  held 
the  Curacy  of  Cumrew.  For  some  while  he  had  Hayton 
along  with  the  Castle  Carrock  living.  He  bulks  consider- 
ably in  the  first  volume  of  the  Registers,  which  covers  almost 
exactly  the  period  of  his  Incumbency  at  Castle  Carrock. 
The  following  are  the  items  :  — 

July    20,    1678.     Then    was   Maryed    in    St.    Marijes    Church    of 
Carlile   Chrestopher  Rickerby  and  Ann  Marrijot   1678. 

1683.  Johannis  filiiis  Chrestopheri  Rickerby  Rector  de  Castle  carrocke 
Sepultus  erat  vicessimo  octavo  die  Aprilis  Anno  prdicto. 

Martha,  also  a  daughter,  was  buried  in  Aug.,  1684. 

December   ye   18,    1690. 

Then  was  buried  in  ye  Quire  of  Castlecarrocke  the  saide  Ann  the 
wife  of  the  saide  Chrestopher  Rickerby  Rector  of  Castlecarrocke 
under  a  great  Stone  on  ye  South  Side  of  ye  Chancell  next  ye  wall. 

Another  entry  gives  Dec.  1st,  and  states  that  she  "  dyed 
on  Sunday  being  St.  Andrews  Day,"  and  that  she  was 
buried  on  the  "  Sun  Side  of  ye  Quire." 

January  ye   13,    1691. 

Then  was  Marryed  in  the  Collegiate  Church  of  St.  Catherine  by 
the  Tower  of  London  Chrestopher  Rickerby  Rector  of  Castlecarrocke 
&  Theadocea  Sergison  of  the  Citty  of  London. 

Theadosia  filia  Johannis  Brown 

Bapt  August  8  Anno  1638 

et  uxor  Chrestopheri  Rickerby.  P.  Bartholom. 

Wormell 


Rector  Ibim. 


1.  Vide  p.  341. 


Castle  Carrock  267 

September   ye    19,    1708. 

Then  Theadocea  the  wife  of  Chrestopher  Rickerby  departed  this 
life  betwixt  11  &  12  at  night  being  Sunday  &  was  buryed  on  tuesday 
ye  21  at  3  on  ye  afternoon  under  ye  2ond  through  Stone  in  the  South 
Side  of  the  Chancell  in  Castle  carracke. 

1708  Chrestopher  Rickerby  &  Hannah  Perkin  were  Marryed  in 
the  Parish  Church  of  Kelloe  in  Bishoprick — by  Mr.  Thompson  vicar 
there  August  ye  17th   1708.  1 

In  an  Inquisition  at  Penrith,  Mar.  12,  1700,  Christopher 
Rickerby  appears  as  defendant,  in  a  dispute  respecting  the 
"  Rectory,  parish,  and  parochial  chapel  of  Cumrew,  the 
village  of  Brackanthwaite,  the  rectory  and  parish  of  Castle 
Carrock  and  the  wastes  and  commons  adjoining  &c.  Miles 
and  bounds  Tithes."  ^ 

Christopher  Rickerby 's  burial  entry  is  dated  "April  ye 
14,  1722."  His  son,  James  Rickerby,  was  Yicar  of  Mor- 
land  in  1721. 

Joseph  Pattinson,  1722 — 1738. 

1.   Doubtless  Christopher  Rickerby  the  younger,   Curate  at  Cumrew. 
2    Exchequer  Dep.,  East.  20  (Record  Office). 


I 


III.    CUMREW. 

This  place  is  a  few  miles  south  of  Castle  Carrock.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary;  and  the  oldest  Register 
Book  made  of  paper,  but  bound  in  leather,  begins  in  1679. 
Whellan,  possibly  by  a  misprint,  says  1579,  Bishop 
Nicolson,  in  1703,  speaks  of  one  dated  1639.  "  The 
Register-Book,"  says  he,  "  is  onely  of  paper;  and  begins  at 
1639.  It  appears  in  it  that  a  great  many  Children  of 
Foreigners  were  baptised  here,  in  the  time  of  the  late 
Civil  Wars,  by  one  Mr.  Alexander  Allan;  who,  they  say, 
was  a  Scot  and  reckon'd  a  more  knowing  and  pretious 
man  (in  his  way)  than  most  of  his  Brethren."  ^  This  book 
long  ago  disappeared.  The  following  is  a  list  of  persons 
serving  here  :  — 

Alexander  Allan,  1650  (.?). 

This  is  given  on  the  authority  of  the  passage  just  quoted 
and  is  possibly  the  person  referred  to  under  Cumwhitton.^ 
We  have  no  information  respecting  him  beyond  that.  In 
the  account  of  Nathaniel  Burnand's  Augmentation  at 
Castle  Carrock,  July,  1658,  reference  is  made  to  the 
ejection  of  the  last  Curate  from  Cumrew.^  Could  this  be 
Alexander  Allan?  A  person  of  this  name  was  Curate  of 
Bewcastle  in  1700,  "  a  poor  ejected  Episcopalian  of  the 
Scottish  nation  " ;  but  if  the  same  he  must  have  been  very 
old.* 

John  Bland,  1673. 

In  the  Presentments  for  1673  ^  a  Mr.  Bland  is  given  as 
Curate  here.  Doubtless  this  was  John  Bland  who  was 
ordained  Deacon  Sept.  24,  1671,  and  Priest  Sept.  21,  1673. 


1. 

Miscel., 

p.   Ill 

2. 

Vide  p. 

271. 

3. 

Vide  p. 

264. 

4. 

Vide  p. 

295. 

5. 

Vide  p. 

1334. 

Cumrew  269 

Christopher  Eickeeby,  1674 — 1678. 

He  signs  the  Transcripts  as  Curate  during  most  of  those 
years;  and  was  afterwards  at  Castle  Carrock. 

John  Calvert,  1679—1690. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  March  15,  1684-5.  The 
Registers  say  that  he  "  served  the  curacy  from  October, 
1679,  to  July,  1690,  and  left  ye  church  complete  within  & 
without,  and  ye  people  in  good  order,  good  Xtians,  Soli 
deo  gratia."  He  went  from  Cumrew  to  Rocliffe,^  and 
appears  at  St.  Cuthbert's,  Carlisle,  in  1678.^ 

Philip  Musgrave,  1690 — 1691. 

These  are  the  dates  against  which  his  name  appears 
in  the  Registers  in  connection  with  "  Briefs,"  and  his- 
license  to  the  place  as  Deacon  is  dated  Dec.  21,  1690. 

John  Atkinson,  1695. 

John  Wilkinson,  1696 — 1697. 

He  signs  in  connection  with  the  distribution  of  the- 
Church  Stock  during  these  years. 

Thomas  Addison,  1699—1703. 

He  signs  as  Curate  in  1699,  and  concerning  him  Bishop 
Nicolson,  in  1703,  says  : — "  I  suspected  the  present  Curate 
(Mr.  Addison)  to  be  a  Little  Loose;  but  they  say  he's 
Diligent,  &c.  His  Salary  is  81i  paid  by  ye  Proctour."^ 
Probably  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  as  Curate 
of  St.  Cuthbert's,  Carlisle,  in  1728,  and  who  is  also  referred 
to  under  Grinsdale.* 

Christopher  Rickerby,  1705. 

The  son  of  his  predecessor  of  that  name.  Bishop 
Nicolson  was  evidently  much  impressed  by  him  as  the 
following  from  his  Diary  shows :  — 

1705  June  1,   Friday.     After  Dinner  examin'd  Mr.   Railton  from 
Kirkby- Stephen  for  priest's  Orders,  &  Mr.  Smith  (of  Richmond)  and 

1.  Vide  p.  316. 

2.  Vide  p.   186. 

3.  Miscel.,   p.    112. 

4.  Vide  pp.  187,  222. 


270  The   Ejected   of  1662 

young   Rickarby   for   Deacons.       The   last,    bred   onely   at   Bampton, 
full  as  good  a  scholar  as  ye  Cambridge  Batchelour.  l 

In  a  subsequent  entry  in  his  Diary,  however,  he  speaks 
much  less  favourably  of  him  :  — 

Mar.  19,  1706/7,  Tuesday.  Mr.  Wells  of  Hesket,  with  several 
of  ye  Inhabitants  of  Armthwait ;  who  all  complain  of  ye  Hardships 
that  are  like  to  come  upon  them  by  the  Change  of  their  Curate, 
young  Rickarby  (under  the  Influences  of  his  father)  being  like  to 
prove  as  great  a  plague  to  ym  as  yir  late  Mr.  Hodgson.  2 

It  would  appear  from  this  that  he  had  charge  of 
Armathwaite  as  well  as  Cumrew.  The  Episcopal  Register 
says  that  he  was  licensed  "  Curate  and  Ludimagister  at 
Cumrew"  June  4,   1705. 

Tnos.  Hunter,  1710—1724. 

He  was  instituted  Curate  April  13,  1710. 

1.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.   11, 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  45. 


lY.     CUMWHITTON. 

About  three  miles  south  west  of  Castle  Carrock  is 
Cumwhitton,  the  nearest  station  being  How  Mill.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Jlary.  The  Eegisters  begin  in 
1694;  Whellan,  ignorant  of  the  existence  of  this  book, 
says  1731.  This  early  volume  is  "  bound  in  rough  boards, 
perhaps  originally  covered  with  calf,  containing  64  leaves 
of  rough  white  paper."  It  is  "  imperfect,"  says  Mr. 
Whitehead,  "  especially  in  the  marriage  entries  down  to 
1711,  but  nowhere  illegible."  ^  On  a  flyleaf  are  two 
baptismal  entries  dated  1681,  one  in  1685,  and  a  burial  in 
1694,  the  names  doubtless  being  entered  in  the  new  book, 
because  of  the  importance  of  the  families  represented  by 
them.  The  following  is  an  imperfect  list  of  persons  who 
held  the  Curacy  :  — 

Thomas  Milburn,  about  1624. 

In  Lord  William  Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  is  the 
following  :  — 

1624,  Nov.  19.  Payd  to  Sr  Thomas  Milburn,  clarke,  late  Curate 
of  Cumwhitton  for  serving  the  cure  thear  since  my  Lord's  entrance 
to  the  same  xxxs.^ 

He  was  at  Crosby-on-Eden  in  1627.^  Leonard  Milburn 
was  at  Castle  Carrock  during  this  time,  and  may  have 
been  a  connection. 

Alexander  Allan,  1629. 

The  "  Household  Books  "  have  the  following :  — 

To  Mr.  Alexander  Allen  for  one  quarter's  wages  for  serving  the 
cure  at  Cumwhitton  due  at  Christenmas  1629  xxxs.  * 

Possibly  the  person  referred  to  under  CumreAv.  ^ 

1.  Cumberland  Parish  Registers,  Brampton  Deanery. 

2.  P.   219. 

3.  Vide  p.  200. 

4.  Household  Books,  p.  270. 

5.  Vide  p.  268. 


272  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Richard  Gibson,  1633. 

The  authority  for  this  also  are  the  "  Household  Books  " 
from  which  the  following  have  been  extracted  :  — 

1633  Dec.  13.  To  Richard  Gibson  Viker  of  Cumwhitton  for  his 
halfe  yeare's  wages  for  serving  the  cure  ther  due  at  St.  Thomas* 
Daye  iijli.  i 

Adhuc  Cumwhitton. 

Dec.  13,  1633.     Rec.  of  Rich  Gibson  Clerk  for  the  halfe  year's  rent 
of  the  demaine  of  Cumwhitton  due  at  Martinmas  1633  iijli  xs.  2 

He  is  named  in  this  volume  until  Feb.,  1640-1. 

Nathaniel  Buenand,  1657. 

Cumwhitton,  like  Cumrew,  was  simply  a  Chapelry  of 
Castle  Carrock  at  this  time,^  and  possibly  Burnand 
occasionally  supplied. 

John  Stanwix,  1681—1689. 

In  the  Cumrew  Registers  appears  an  affidavit  of  a  burial 
in  woollen  dated  July  3,  1681,  which  was  written  "  coram 
Johnne  Stanwix  Curate  att  Cumwhitton."  He  «igns  the 
Transcripts  in  1689. 

In  an  Inquisition  at  Plumpton  Wall  held  Jan.  25,  1687, 
in  reference  to  the  "  rectory  and  parish  of  Cumwhitton 
and  a  messuage  or  tenement  in  Holme  wrangle  (in  plain- 
tiffs possession)  in  the  parish,  Tithes,"  John  Bird  appears 
as  the  plaintiff  and  "  The  Dean  and  Chapter  of  the 
Cathedral  Church  of  the  Holy  and  Undevided  Trinity  of 
Carlisle  "  *  as  the  defendants. 

William  Sommers,  1697. 

William  Robley,  1703. 

Bishop  Nicolson  is  the  authority  for. the  last  two  names. 
Writing  of  Cumwhitton,  in  October,  1703,  he  says:  — 

Mr.  Robley,  their  new  Curate,  is  not  yet  resident  amongst  them ; 

but  will   shortly  come,   and   take  the  office  of  teaching  out  of  this 

1.  Household  Books,  p.  339. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  279. 

3.  Vide  p.  263. 

4.  Ex.  Dep.  Hil.,  8  (Rec.  Office). 


i 


I 


Cumwhitton  273 

illiterate  man's  [Parish  Clerk]  hand.  They  want  a  Bible,  and  a 
Book  of  Homilies ;  the  latter  being  very  Requisite  where  they  have 
a  Non-preaching  Minister. — The  Dean  and  Chapter  were  lately  at 
some  Charge  in  provideing  a  House  for  the  Curate ;  which  was  new- 
built  for  the  Accommodation  of  Mr.  Sommers  ye  late  Curate  here, 
and  he  (modest  and  humble  as  long  as  onely  Schoolmaster)  quitted 
them  soon  after  he  ,had  gotten  Deacon's  Orders.  Let  not  Robley 
do   ye  like.    ' 

Probably  this  is  William  Robley  who  married  Margaret 
IS'evinson  Feb.  17,  1708-9,  and  was  therefore  connected 
with  Bishop  Nicholson. 

Nicholas  Eeay,  1711 — 1718. 

He  married  Elizabeth  Morley  May  31,  1713,  and  became 
Rector  of  Nether  Denton  in  1718,  holding  along  with 
that  living  the  Curacy  of  Farlam.^  He  was  instituted  to 
the  Curacy  of  Cumwhitton  Nov.  23,  1711.  Mr.  Whitehead 
says  he  "  deserves  honourable  mention  as  an  exceptionally 
careful  registrar."  ^ 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  113.  The  Episcopal  Register  however  gives  the  date  of 
his  license  to  the  Curacy  as  May  31,  1706. 

2.  Vide  pp.  276,  277. 

3.  Cumberland   Parish   Registers,    &c. 


V.     NETHER  DENTON, 

This  place  is  some  five  miles  nortii  east  of  Brampton, 
the  nearest  station  being  Low  Row.  The  Church  is 
dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert,  and  the  Registers  begin  in 
1702.  The  first  volume  is  of  parchment  and  in  good 
condition.  A  few  leaves  at  the  beginning  are  clearly  a 
copy  of  earlier  fragments  which  have  perished,  the  copy 
having  been  made  by  Nicholas  Reay,  formerly  Curate 
of  Cumwhitton  and  Rector  of  Nether  Denton.  The  book 
is  headed  thus:  — 

The  Register  Book  of  the  Parish  of  Denton  wherein  the  Day  of 
every  Chrestening  Wedding  &  Burial  in  the  Sd  Parish  is  Registered 
since  the  year  of  our  Lord  God  1702. 

N.B.  The  Year  of  our  Lord  God  still  begineth  on  the  25th  day  of 
March. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  —  J 

Christopher  Lowther,  1567 — 1576. 

Possibly  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  at 
Kirkandrews-on-Eden  in  1576.^ 

Miles  Matmaugh  [Watmaugh],  1576. 

William  Thompson,  1586. 

He  was  collated  April  27,  1586,  by  Bishop  Meye,  and 
married  Grace  Dobson  at  Watermillock  on  Oct.  24,  1586. ^ 

Roland  Baxter,  1597. 

Ralph  Snowden,  1620—1633. 

He  was  collated  on  Sept.  16,  1620,  by  Bishop  Snowden, 
who  died  the  year  after,  and  was  possibly  a  relative. 
Ralph  Snowden  died  in  1633. 

1.  Vide  p.  216. 

2.  Watermillock  Registers,   p.    5. 


I 


Nether  Denton  275 

Nicholas  Deane,  B.A.,  1633. 

He  was  collated  April  29,  1633,  by  Bishop  Potter. 
Doubtless  the  person  of  that  name  who  was  at  Great  Orton 
in  1623.^  After  Nicholas  Deane  is  a  large  gap  which  it 
has  been  found  impossible  to  fill  up. 

William  Culcheth,   1667 — 1692. 

He  was  probably  the  son  of  Mr.  Culcheth  mentioned  in 
Lady  Halketh's  Autobiography  as  steward  at  Naworth 
Castle  in  1649. ^  The  date  1667  is  that  of  the  earliest 
Transcript  of  the  Nether  Denton  Registers.  It  is  signed 
"  W.  Culcheth  rector."  How  long  he  had  held  the  living 
previous  to  this  we  have  no  means  of  knowing.  He  had  the 
Stapleton  living  along  with  Nether  Denton.^ 

Richard  Culcheth,  M.A.,  1692 — 1703. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Smith,  March  17,  1692-3, 
and  was  the  son  of  William  Culcheth,  his  predecessor. 
He  resigned  in  1703,  and  was  at  Stapleton,  Farlam  and 
Brampton.  * 

Thomas  Pearson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1703—1717. 

He  was  collated  Mar.  13,  1702-3,  and  is  given  as  the 
son  of  John  Pearson  of  Orton  formerly  of  Brigham. 
Respecting  him  Foster  says: — "Queen's  Coll.  matric. 
24  Oct.,  1687,  aged  18;  B.A.  1692,  M.A.  12  March,  1695-6, 
principal  of  St.  Edmund  Hall  (9  Aug.)  1707-22,  B.D.  1707, 
D.D.  1708;  rector  of  Nether  Denton,  Cumberland,  1703, 
and  of  Sulhampstead  Abbots,  Berks.,  1708;  brother  of 
William."  The  latter  became  equally  distinguished, 
being  M.A.  of  Queen's,  and  LL.D.  of  Lambeth.^  There 
must,  however,  be  some  error  in  relation  to  Thomas 
Pearson;  for  he  was  dead  at  least  five  years  before  1722, 
when  he  is  said  to  have  been  Principal  of   St.   Edmund 

1.  Vide  p.  228. 

2.  Lord  William  Howard's  Household  Books,  p.   297  note. 

3.  Vide  p.  288. 

4.  Vide  pp.  261,  277,  288. 

5.  Al.  Ox. 


276  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Hall.  The  following  entry  in  the  Registers  makes  that 
clear :  — 

1717  January  27  Mr  Thos  Pearson  Eector  of  Denton,  Buried. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  May  7,  1703,  speaks  of  him  as 
"  Mr.  Tho.  Pearson  newly  collated  to  that  little  Rectory," 
and  says  that  he  "  will  do  well  enough :  all  they  complain 
of  being  onely  his  Reading  too  fast."  ^  It  is  not  quite  the 
language  we  should  expect  to  be  used  of  so  distinguished 
a  scholar,  and  it  would  almost  appear  that  Foster  is  wrong 
in  his  identification. 

Nicholas  Reay,  1718 — 1736. 

A  notice  of  his  burial  in  the  Registers  is  thus  given  :  — 

Sept.  15,   1736,   Mr.   Nicholas  Reay  Rector  of  Denton — Buried. 

He  had  previously  been  Curate  of  Cumwhitton.^ 

A  few  miles  farther  north  is  Over  Denton,  a  reference  to 
whose  peculiar  position  in  the  Diocese  is  given  elsewhere.^ 
There  was  a  Yicar  here  in  1634,  for  in  Lord  William 
Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  the  fact  is  so  stated ;  and  in 
1640  a  name  is  given :  — 

Jan.  20,  1640.     To  Richard  Harrison,  Viker  of  Over  Denton  for 
his  halfe  yeares  wages  due  at  Michelmas  1640  xs.4 

The  living  was  held  along  with  Nether  Denton  by  Thomas 
Pearson  and  Nicholas  Reay;  but,  on  the  death  of  the 
latter,  in  1736,  it  was  transferred  to  Thomas  Fawcett, 
Curate  of  Lanercost,  whose  successors  served  it  until  1859, 
when  it  was  annexed  to  the  new  Parish  of  Gilsland. 

1.  Miscel.,   p.   3. 

2.  Vide  pp.  273,  277. 

3.  Vide  p.  71. 

4.  P.  363. 


YI.     FARLAM. 

About  three  miles  south  east  of  Brampton  is  Farlam. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Thomas-a-Becket ;  the 
Registers  date  back  to,  at  least,  1663.  The  oldest  is  a 
parchment  volume,  somewhat  dilapidated,  whose  writing 
is  difficult  to  decipher.  It  is  without  covers  and  contains 
baptisms  1665 — 1724,  and  marriages,  1672 — 1724.  On  the 
first  page,  however,  m.ay  be  seen  the  date  1663,  but  whether 
it  notes  the  entry  of  a  baptism,  marriage  or  burial  cannot 
be  determined.  A  copy  was  made,  in  1886,  by  Mrs. 
Thompson  of  Farlam  Hall.  The  following  is  only  an 
imperfect  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Henry  Gill,  1674—1695. 

Possibly  son  of  Henry  Gill  of  Threshfield,  Yorkshire, 
who  entered  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  from 
Sedbergh  School,  in  1672,  at  the  age  of  16 ;  and  graduated 
B.A.  in  1675.^  He  signs  the  Transcripts  in  1674.  His 
burial  entry  reads  thus  :  — 

Mr.  Henry  Gill,  Curate,  Buried  June  25,  1695. 

Thomas  Milburn,  1700. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  refers  to  him  as  "  an  honest 
man,  and  deserves  a  better  Support."  ^ 

Richard  CuLCHETH,  M.A.,  1703.  ^ 

Nicholas  Reay,  1718 — 1736. 

He  was  perpetual  Curate  of  Farlam  as  well  as  Rector  of 
Nether  Denton.* 

1.  Sedbergh  School  Register,  p.  91. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.   4. 

3.  Vide  pp.  261,  275,  288. 

4.  Vide  p.  276. 


VII.     LANERCOST. 

Lanercost  is  about  three  miles  north  of  Brampton, 
beautifully  sequestered  on  the  banks  of  the  Irthing.  The 
Priory  is  a  noble  pile  of  ruins,  and  the  Church,  dedicated 
to  St,  Mary  Magdalene,  is  part  of  the  venerable  structure. 
The  Registers  begin  in  1684,  the  earliest  being  a  thin,  flat 
volume  of  paper.  The  writing,  however,  is  in  good 
condition  and  quite  legible.     In  it  appears  the  following  : 

A  true  Kegister  of  ye  names  of  children  Baptiz'd  in  Leonard 
Coast  pish  1684. 

The  Registers  have  been  carefully  transcribed  by  the 
present  Vicar,  and  were  published  in  1908.  Bishop 
Nicolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

There's  no  Register-Book  (either  here  or  at  Walton)  of  anything 
done  in  the  parish,  before  Mr.  Dickenson's  comeing  among  'em ; 
which  was  about  Twenty  years  agoe.  The  Church  of  Lanercost  was 
also  put  into  its  present  figure  in  his  time.' 

The  Historians  do  not  help  in  the  matter  of  the  In- 
cumbents.    The  following  is  an  imperfect  list :  — 

Samuel  Constantyne,  1666. 

In  this  year  he  signs  the  Transcripts;  but  how  long 
he  had  held  the  living  does  not  appear. 

George  Cowper,  1667. 

He  was  ordained   Deacon  Sept.  20,    1668,    and   Priest 
Sept.  25,    1670,   being  described   as   of   "  Chester  Dioc. 
He  signs  the  Transcripts  as  "  Curate  "  in  that  year. 

William  Birkett,  1668. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  20,  1668,  being  given 
as  "  de  Lanercost,"  and  Priest  Sept.  24,  1671.  He  signs 
the  Transcripts  in  1668. 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   57. 


Lanercost  279 

Thomas  Bell,   1679. 

On  Sept.  28,  1661,  he  obtained  a  license  to  teach 
"pueros,"  being  then  "  literatus."  According  to  Bishop 
Nicolson's  Diary  he  was  licensed  to  Lanercost  in  1679. 
Almost  certainly  he  is  the  person  of  that  name  who  was 
subsequently  deprived  of  the  Askham  living  as  a  Nonjuror.^ 
His  brothers  were  George  and  David.  The  latter  succeeded 
him  at  Askham,  and  we  meet  with  the  former  at  Kirkam- 
beck  in  1703. ^  Bishop  Nicolson  has  the  following  in  his 
Diary  :  — 

Aug.  10,  1704.  Geo.  Bell  and  his  brother  David,  likewise  at 
Dinner ;  the  latter  desireing  a  Certificate  in  hopes  of  being  better 
preferr'd  by  his  Br.  Tom.^ 

William  Dickexson,  B.A.,  1681—1726. 

He  was  licensed  Dec.  8,  1681,  and  held  Walton  along 
with  Lanercost.  In  the  Walton  Registers  appear  the  two 
following  entries  :  — 

1726.  Mr.  William  Dickonson  Curate  of  Leonard  Coast  &  Walton 
was  Buried   June   4th. 

1724.     Mrs.    Chrisogon   Dickonson    wife    of    Mr.    Will    Dickonson 
Curate  was  buried   Novr.  27. 

The  following  extracts  from  the  Transcripts  are  worth 
insertion,  indicating,  as  they  do,  the  presence  of  a 
considerable  amount  of  Nonconformist  sentiment  in  the 
district  of  one  type  or  another.  They  are  taken  from  a 
copy  in  the  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle,  made  by  the  late 
Mr.  Whitehead  :  — 

The  following  presentments  for  not   coming  to  Church  : — 


Geo      EUote 

John  Ellote 

John  ffoster 

Tho.  Thompson 

Arch.  Little 

Lane.  Twilach 

John  Lamb. 

Geo.   Simpson. 

Kich.    Hetherington 

John  Taylor 

Robt.  Jameson 

David   Lamb 

John  Hudlasse. 

1.  Vide  p.  1221. 

2.  Vide  p.  281. 

3.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.   202. 


28o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

John  EUote  for  baptizing  his  child  by  another  Minister  and  not 
acquainting  their  own  minister  with  the  same. 

John   Simpson  for  ye  like  offence 

John  ffoster  for  the  same 

John   Hetherington  and   Mary  Easson  for  Clandestine  Marriage 

John  Railton  for  ye  game 

John  Little  &  [blank]  for  the  like  offence 

For  not  paying  their  dues  [blank]  Bell  de  Banks 
Robt.    Jameson 

Armstrong  de  Highouse 

Anne  Bell  of  ye  Kenthead  house 

John   Simpson   de   Highrigg 

Tho  Carocks  of  Snowdon  Close 

John  Elliot  of  ye  Twedy  hill 

Wee  p'sent  will  Richardson  of  the  Ringon  hills 

Peter   Sowdon   of   ye  Bankes 

John  Tallantire  of  ye  Holme  (ffanatics)  for  refusing  Communion 
in  the  church   of  England. 

There  is   unfortunately   no   date,    but  the  Presentments 
follow  the  Register  for  1677. 

Presentments  Aug.   9,   1682. 

1.  Our  Church  is  in  good  repair  and  decently  kept  as  becomes  ye 
house  dedicated  to  ye  publick  worship  of  God. 

2.  We  have  a  large  Bible  of  ye  last  translation  and  a  Book  of 
Common   Prayer  last  set  forth. 

3.  Our  Churchyard  is  sufficiently  fenced  and  preserved  from 
annoyance. 

4.  The  Curate  is  legally  ordained  and  settled  among  us  he  rever- 
ently and  regularly  officiates  on  the  Lord's  day  and  Holy  days 
instructing  ye  youth  of  ye  parish  in  the  Church  Catechism  and 
carefully  endeavours  to  reclaim  all  profane  persons  pressing  the 
duties  of  faith  and  repentance  justice,  charity  temperance  allegiance 
and  subjection.  Lastly  he  is  peacable  of  a  sober  conversation  and 
grave  in  his  demeanour. 

5.  We  have  no  adultery  or  fornication  committed  in  ye  parish. 

6.  We  have  none  married  clandestinely  or  without  Bans  duely 
published  or  license  duly  obtained. 

7.  The  churchwardens  who  serv'd  for  ye  last  year  have  made  up 
their  accounts  and  made  the  presentments  of  all  things  duely  pre- 
sentable by  them  not  neglecting  to  doe  ye  duty  of  this  office. 

In  1684-5  among  other  things  they  present :  — 

We  have  no  dissenters  but  such  as  are  already  excommunicate 
and  denounced  accordingly  as  ye  Canons  enjoyne. 


Kirkambeck  281 

Formerly  there  was  a  Clmrch  at  Kirkambeck  near  by,  in 
reference  to  which  Bishop  IN^icolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

Here  are  some  small  Remains  of  a  very  little  Church ;  formerly 
a  Rectory,  and  afterwards  appropriated  to  the  Abbey  of  Lanercost. 
The  parishioners  pay  a  Composition,  of  so  many  pecks  of  Corn  from 
each  Tenement,  to  Mr.  Dacre ;  but  the  Gleab  Land  (worth  about 
3li  10s.  p.  An.)  is  held,  under  the  Dean  &  Chapter  of  Carlile,  by 
Mr.  Geo.  Bell.  The  people  suppose  themselves  to  belong  to  the 
parish  of  Lanercost ;  but  go  most  commonly  to  ye  Church  at  Staple- 
ton,  when  the  weather  is  good  and  they  are  sure  of  meeting  with 
Divine  Service.^ 

Seventy  years  later  J^icolson  and  Burn  say :  — 

The  fabrick  of  the  church  hath  long  been  in  ruins,  nothing 
remaining  of  it  but  part  of  the  old  walls.  No  curate  is  appointed 
to  take  care  of  the  parochial  duties.  For  the  rites  of  baptism  and 
sepulture,  the  people  commonly  repair  to  the  church  of  Lanercost ; 
and  for  their  instruction  in  religion,  they  -go  thither,  or  to  Stapleton, 
or  Bewcastle,  or  where  they  think  fit.  2 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   53. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.   506. 


I 


VIII.    WALTON. 

This  is  about  two  miles  north,  east  of  Lanercost.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary ;  and  the  Registers  begin 
in  the  same  year  as  the  Lanercost  Registers,  1684.  The 
late  Mr.  Whitehead  says :  — 

Both  of  these  registers,  be  it  noticed,  begin  at  1684 ;  and  the 
Walton  register,  like  the  Lanercost,  is  manifestly  a  copy  down  to 
1711.  On  its  cover  is  a  note  stating  that  "this  book  was  bought 
March  ye  15th  1711;"  and  doubtless  the  Lanercost  book  was  bought 
at  the  same  time.  In  1684-5  the  Lanercost  churchwardens  reported 
"A  register  book  of  parchment  in  which  are  set  down  the  names  of 
all  persons  baptized,  married,  and  buried."  In  like  manner  the 
Walton  Churchwardens  in  1683-0  report  "A  register  book  of  parch- 
ment wherein  we  have  sett  down  the  names  of  all  persons  baptized 
maryed  and  buryed  with  a  transcript  thereof  caryed  every  year  into 
the  Bishop's  Register."  I  have  now  to  suggest  that  whatever  register 
book  was  used  at  Walton  or  Lanercost  before  Mr.  Dickenson's  time, 
and  for  some  years  after  his  coming,  was  common  to  the  two 
parishes.  The  Lanercost  transcript  for  1668-9  is  headed  "A  true  note 
of  all  ye  persons  baptized  married  and  buried  within  ye  parish  of 
Leonnardcost  and  Walton  from  September  ye  12  ('68)  till  May  ye 
6  (69)  " ;  for  1682-3  "A  true  note  of  the  Register  book  of  Abbey  & 
Walton " ;  and  for  1686-7  "A  note  of  the  Register  Booke  of  Walton 
p'ish  and  Leonardcost."  It  is  true  that  in  1682-3  and  1686-7  the 
entries  from  the  two  parishes  are  not  mixed  as  in  1668-9,  and  that 
in  other  years  there  is  no  such  heading  as  is  above  noticed.  But 
the  p.  curate  may  usually  have  sorted  the  entries  for  the  transcripts, 
while  occasionally  giving  in  the  heading  an  incidental  sign  that  there 
was  only  one  register  book.  This  arrangement,  I  suppose,  was  at 
last  found  to  be  inconvenient  and  two  new  books  were  procured  in 
1711,  into  which  the  entries  from  1684  to  1711,  properly  sorted,  were 
forthwith  copied.' 

Still  it  needs  to  be  stated  that  there  are  separate 
Transcripts,  which  begin  in  1666,  though  in  the  earlier 
years  the  entries  are  much  mixed.  The  two  livings  appear 
to  have  been  held  in  Plurality,  at  least,  from  1666,  and 
under  Lanercost  will  be  found  particulars  of  the  In- 
cumbents.2 

1.  Cvmiberland   Parish  Registers,   &c. 

2.  Vide  p.  278. 


I 


IX.     IRTHIj^GTON. 

Irthington  is  a  little  to  the  north  west  of  Brampton. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Kentigern.  The  Registers 
begin  in  1704;  but  a  few  interpolated  entries  bear  datea 
1691  and  1692.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents:  — 

Egbert  Dobsox,  1585 — 1589. 

Foster  sajs  of  a  person  of  this  name  : — "Of  Cumberland, 
pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  1582,  aged  23 ;  B.A.  from 
St.  Edmund  Hall  4  May,  1583."  i  In  all  probability 
this  was  the  Irthington  Rector. 

Leonard  Scott,  1589 — 1597. 

Foster  names  a  Leonard  Scott  among  his  Oxford  Alumni, 
who  was  the  son  of  Bernard  Scott,  Yicar  of  Bampton, 
and  matriculated  Queen's  College,  1634,  at  the  age  of  20.^ 
A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Castle  Sowerby  in  1585, 
and  Skelton  in  1598.^  According  to  Xicolson  and  Burn 
he  died  in  1597.  * 

Joseph  Lowden,  M.A.,  1597 — 1612. 

He  was  at  Kirkbampton  in  1598,^  holding  that  living- 
probably  in  Plurality  with  the  Irthington  one.  He  died 
in  1612. 

Richard  Lowden,  M.A.,  1612. 

He  was  instituted  July  12,  1612,  and  was  possibly 
the  son  of  his  predecessor.  How  long  he  remained  is  not 
known. 

Anthony  Salkeld,  1630-1642.  . 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Potter  Jan.  19,  1630;  and 
resigned  in  1642. 

1.  AI.  Ox. 

2.  Ihid. 

3.  Vide  pp.  479,  492. 

4.  Nicol^on  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  486. 

5.  Vide  p.  606. 


284  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Richard  Sibson,  B.A.,  1642. 

Instituted  by  "  Isaac  Singleton  and  John  Hasty,  masters 
of  arts,  Commissioners  of  Arclibishop  Uslier,"  on  a 
Presentation  by  Sir  Tbomas  Dacre,  Knight,  in  1642.^  A 
person  of  this  name  appears  at  Troutbeck  in  1656.^ 

John  Theakstoa',  B.A.,  1661—1666. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  8,  1661,  and  held  the  living  of 
Crosby-on-Eden  at  the  same  time.^  The  Institution  Books 
give  the  name  of  the  place  as  "  Erdington." 

Philip  Fielding,  M.A.,  1666—1692. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  16,  1666,  on  a  Presentation  by 
Thomas  Dacre,  Mil.* 

John  Gosling,  1692 — 1731. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Dec.  21,  1684,  and  instituted 
to  Irthington  on  Sept.  12,  1692,  on  the  Presentation  of 
"  Henr.  Dacre  Ar."  He  held  the  living  until  his  death  in 
1731.  Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  is  especially 
severe  in  his  strictures  upon  him :  — 

The  Vicarage-House  lyes  in  most  Scandalous  Ruines.  It  fell  in 
the  time  of  ye  present  Vicar,  Mr.  Goslin;  who  is  the  wretched  and 
beggarly  father  of  ten  poor  Children,  Seven  whereof  are  with  him. 
One  girl  he  has  at  Service;  one  a  Boy  'prentice  to  a  Glover  at 
Brampton,  and  another  to  a  Black-Smith.  He  has  a  Gleab  worth 
71i  and  ownes  the  whole  Liveing  to  be  better  than  251i  P.  Ann.  5 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  486. 

2.  Vide  p.  1048. 

3.  Vide  p.  205. 

4.  Vide  pp.  205,  260. 

5.  Miscel.,  p.   52;  vide  also  his  Diary  for  a  reference  to  his  intem- 
perance (Trans.   (N-S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  4). 


X.     HAYTON. 

This  village  is  about  three  miles  south  east  of 
Brampton,  the  nearest  station  being  How  Mill,  a  mile 
and  a  half  away.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary. 
The  Registers  here  are  the  most  dilapidated  of  any  I 
have  seen.  They  consist  of  mere  fragments  of  paper 
ranging  over  about  a  hundred  years.  All  the  pages  are 
more  or  less  worn,  some  beyond  all  recognition.  The 
following,  however,  states  what  has  been  done  with  a  view 
to  their  preservation  :  — 

This  old  Register  dating  back  to  1619,  which  was  in  a  condition 
all  but  impossible  to  be  improved  has  been  restored  in  a  wonderful 
manner  by  Mr.  Thomas  Walters  of  Newcastle-on-Tyne.  I  have  since 
gone  over  the  Copies  of  the  Hayton  Transcripts  in  the  Diocesan 
Registry,  Carlisle,  dating  from  1665  with  the  result  that  we  have  now 
the  most  perfect  record  of  Baptisms,  Marriages  and  Burials  which 
it  is  possible  to  obtain. 

I  am  pleased  to  have  had  the  privilege  of  bringing  about  such  a 
result  both  in  the  Restoration  and  the  record.  It  is  my  last 
parochial  Effort  after  an  Eventful  period. 

Hayton  Vicarage,  J.   Wallace,  M.A. 
May   3,    1893. 

On  another  page  is  the  following :  — 

The  additions  made  by  me  have  been  written  on  the  new  paper 
in  order  not  to  interfere  with  the  Originals. 
J.   W. 

The  plan  adopted  is  to  place  each  fragment  in  the  centre 
of  a  page  of  the  book  fitted  to  receive  it,  to  which  it  is 
fastened  with  transparent  paper,  the  whole  being  bound 
into  a  good,  strong  volume.  It  is  ingeniously  done,  and, 
though  the  word  "  restore,"  is  perhaps  not  the  appropriate 
one  to  use  in  relation  to  it,  the  precious  fragments  are  now 
likely  to  be  preserved  for  many  years  to  come.  Unfortunately 
in  the  case  of  much  of  it  the  writing  has  become  quite 


286  The   Ejected   of  1662 

indecipherable.  The  early  dates  cannot  be  distinguished ; 
but  the  one  above  given  is  approximately  correct.  The 
Histories  have  not  a  sentence  about  any  Incumbent 
belonging  to  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned. 
The  following  is  the  best  available  list :  — 

Christopher   Knight,    1627. 

This  name  is  put  forth  doubtfully,  because  the  read- 
ing  in    the    Registers   is    by    no    means    clear    as    to  the 

first   part    of   it.       It  appears    to  be  as    follows  :  — " 

Chrestopher  ( ?)  Knight  Cler.  baptizatus  September,  1627." 
Lord  Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  contain  the  following, 
but  they  do  little  to  illuminate  the  darkness  in  reference 
-to  the  Knight  family.  They  merely  show  that  they  were 
a  family  of  considerable  importance  :  — 

Hayton    Dec.    17,    1633.     Rec.    of    Chrestopher    Knight    for    the 
half  years  rent  of  a  tenement  ther  late  Thompson's  xxxs,    ' 

June  12,  1634.  Rec.  of  Chrestopher  Knight,  scone  of  Chrestopher 
late  deceased  and  Bailiffe  ther  as  parcell  of  the  issues  of  his  office, 
due  at  Pentecost  1634  vijli  xvij  s.  October  4.  Rec.  of  Widdow  Knight 
for  the  halfe  yeare's  rent  of  one  tenement  ther  late  Thompson's 
xxxs.    ' 

Thomas  Knight,  1641—1677. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  Dec.  14,  1623.  The  following 
entries  respecting  Thomas  Knight,  the  Incumbent,  appear 
in  the  Registers  :  — 

Chrestoferus  filius  Thomas  Knight,   r   [Vicar  or   Cler.]   de 

Hayton  baptizatus  fuit  die  Novembr  1641. 

Maria  filia  Thomas  Knight   de   Hayton   Cler.    Sepulta  fuit  xi  die 

May  1641.     filia  Thomas  Knight  Cler.  die  Novembr  1644. 

Isabell  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Knight  Minister  buried  the  5th 
dale  of  October  1646. 

Margarett  the  wife  of  Thomas  Knight  of  Hayton  Minister  buried 
the  20th  dale  of  June  1647. 

Thomas  Knight  is  mentioned  as  "  Minister  "  in  June, 
1666 ;  he  is  referred  to  as  "  Curate  "  in  1672,  and  up  to 
1677.     Whether  this  is  the  same  person  throughout  has 

1.  P.  278. 

2.  Ibid. 


I 


Hay  ton  287 

not  been  ascertained ;  but,  if  so,  there  would  appear  to 
have  been  a  continuous  ministry,  through  all  the  changes 
of  the  Commonwealth  and  Restoration.  The  late  Mr. 
Whitehead  says  :  — 

This  register,  alone  of  the  registers  in  Brampton  deanery,  is 
extant  from  a  time  earlier  than  the  Restoration ;  but,  unlike  most  of 
the  pre-Restoration  registers,  it  does  not  contain  a  single  trace  of  the 
changes  in  registration  ordered  by  the  Barebones  Parliament.  Nor 
can  any  indication  be  detected  in  its  pages  of  disturbance  arising 
from  the  Civil  Wars  and  Commonwealth.  It  pursues  the  even  tenor 
of  its  way  just  as  if  no  such  events  had  occurred.    ' 

It  is  well  not  to  be  too  dogmatic  in  these  matters  in 
the  absence  of  positive  evidence.  The  area  was  a  very 
disturbed  one;  and  if  Thomas  Knight  exercised  a  con- 
tinuoiis  ministry,  as  previously  suggested,  it  was  doubtless 
because  he  somewhat  adjusted  himself  to  the  changes  of 
the  times. 

George  Hodgson,  1680. 

lie  was  subsequently  at  Ainstable.^ 

Cheistopher  B/ICkerby,  1681 — 1717. 

His  name  appears  as  Curate  in  these  dates  and  he  was 
licensed  as  such  April  16,  1681.  He  held  the  Castle 
Carrock  living  as  well.^ 

Among  the  marriage  entries  occur  the  following,  which 
unfortunately  are  seriously  mutilated.  The  Minister 
named  was  undoubtedly  Nathaniel  Burnand,  then  at 
Castle  Carrock :  — 

Thomas  Graine  of  Hayton 

Knight  of  the  same 


of  Februarie  1657 

Burnam  Minister  of- 


Richard  Milborne  of- 


Ellis  Skellicke  of  Tal [Talkin] 

married  the  same  daie 
by  the  sd  Minister. 

1.  Cumberland  Registers,  &c. 

2.  Vide  p.  404. 

3.  Vide  p.  265. 


XI.     STAPLETON. 

ALont  eight  miles  north  of  Brampton  and  midway 
between  Bewcastle  and  Kirklinton  is  Stapleton.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary  and  the  Registers  begin 
in  1745,  the  older  ones  having  disappeared.  The  following 
is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

HexVry  Hudson,  1603—1606. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  7,  1603.  The  Hudsons  of 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland  sent  many  into  the 
ministry  of  the  Church,  and  Foster  has  a  large  list  in 
his  Oxford  Alumni;  but  no  Henry  appears  among  them. 
There  was,  however,  a  person  of  that  name  at  Brampton 
in  1600  and  Brigham  in  1617.^ 

Gawin  Blayth,  1606. 

This  is  a  new  name,  Nicolson  and  Burn  leaping  over 
eighty  years  after  naming  Henry  Hudson.  He  was 
instituted  Oct.  22,  I6O6.2 

William  Culcheth,  1669 — 1683. 

The  Transcripts  supply  the  first  date,  though  he  had 
probably  held  the  living  for  some  time  previously.  He 
had  Nether  Denton  as  well,  and  resigned  in  1683  in  favour 
of  his  son.^ 

Richard  Culcheth,  M.A.,   1683—1714.* 

He  was  instituted  May  26,  1687.  Bishop  Nicolson, 
writing  of  the  place  and  the  "  Parson,"  in  1703,  does  not 
spare  either.     He  says  :  — 

The  parishioners  follow  the  Example  of  their  Parson ;  and  have 
the  Body  of  the  Church  in  as  nasty  a  pickle  as  the  Quire.  The  Eoof 
is  so  miserably  Shatter'd  and  broken,  that  it  cannot  be  safe  sitting 

1.  Vide  pp.  250,  747. 

2.  Institution  Books  (Record  OfiBce). 

3.  Vide  p.  275. 

4.  Vide  pp.  261,  275,  277. 


Stapleton  289 

under  it  (considering  upon  what  an  Ascent  the  Church  stands)  in 
stormy  weather.  Not  one  pane  of  Glass  in  any  of  the  Windows ;  no 
Reading-Desk ;  nor  did  they  ever  hear  that  they  had  a  Bell.  The 
Font  is  abominable,  the  Seats  most  scurvily  low,  (and  in  a  word) 
everything  very  wretched.  They  hapned  to  bring  a  Corpse  to  be 
buryed  (according  to  the  custom  of  the  place)  without  any  Service, 
whilst  we  were  there.  I  desired  Mr.  Benson,  my  Chaplain,  to 
Officiate  :  But  he  could  find  onely  some  few  Scraps  of  a  Common- 
prayerbook,  and  an  insufferably  torn  Bible  of  the  old  Translation. 
There  was  no  Surplice  to  be  found ;  nor  did  ever  any  such  thing  (as 
far  as  any  present  could  remember)  belong  to  this  Church.  One  of 
'em  told  us  that  sometimes,  on  an  Easter-day,  the  Parson  had 
brought  a  Surplice  with  him ;  had  Administer'd  ye  Sacrament  in  it  : 
But  even  that  Ordinance  (amongst  the  rest)  was  most  commonly 
celebrated  without  one.  The  present  Rector  (Mr.  Culcheth)  is  Mr.  of 
Arts ;  and  has  alwaies  been  represented  to  me  as  one  of  a  good 
Conversation.  His  Father  &  he  have  many  years  kept  this  Liveing ; 
and  are  answerable  for  all  its  Deficiencyes.  ^ 

James  Jackson,  B.A.,  1714—1771. 

Foster  gives  the  following :  — "  Son  of  John  of 
Cockbridge,  Cumberland,  pp.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  10 
March,  1706-7,  aged  17;  rector  of  Scaleby  and  of 
Stapleton,  (both  Cumberland)  1714."  2  He  held  the  living 
until  his  death  in  1771. 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  55. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


XII.     SCALEBT. 

Scaleby  is  about  six  miles  north  east  of  Carlisle,  Scaleby 
Castle,  long  the  residence  of  the  Gilpin  family,  being  the 
centre  of  the  district.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  All  Saints. 
The  Registers  begin  in  1724.  This  early  volume,  which 
is  of  parchment,  was  given,  along  with  an  engraved,  silver 
gilt  chalice,  by  William  Gilpin  of  Scaleby  Castle,  son  of 
Dr.  Gilpin,  and  singularly  enough  his  is  the  first  burial 
entry  which  it  contains.^  The  following  is  the  list  of  In- 
cumbents :  — 

Christopher  Witton,  1587 . 

He  was  instituted  June  18th,  1587,  and  was  previously 
at  Cliburn.2 

Thomas  Kirkby. 

No  information  whatever. 

Thomas   Sibson,   1605. 

This  is  a  new  name.     He  was  instituted  April  18,  1605. 

Thomas  Wilson, 1641. 

A  person  of  lihis  name,  "  literatus,"  was  ordained 
Deacon  Dec.  22,  1622,  being  given  as  of  "  Cest  Dio." 
Foster  says  : — "Of  co.  Durham,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric. 
17  Nov.  1581,  aged  18,  B.A.  7  Feb.  1583-4,  M.A.  7  July, 
1586 ;  perhaps  rector  of  Scaleby,  Cumberland,  1600."  ^ 
The  latter  date  must  be  incorrect.  He  died  in  1641. 
There  was  a  Thomas  Wilson  at  Crosby-on-Eden  in  1585.* 

William  Green,  M.A.,  1642. 

He  was  collated  May  21, 1642,  and  at  the  same  time  com- 
pounded for  his  First  Fruits.     Foster  gives  a  number  of 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  viii,  p.  378. 

2.  Vide  p.   1242. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Vide  p.  200. 


Scaleby  291 

persons  of  this  name  in  his  Oxford  Alumni;  but  he  does 
not  identify  the  Scaleby  Rector.  A  person  of  this  name 
was  at  Bootle  in  1647.^ 

Robert  Priestman,  1662 — 1679. 

He  was  collated  on  Feb.  4,  1662,  by  Bishop  Sterne,  and 
signs  the  Transcripts  in  1671  as  "  Robert  Priestman 
Minister  ibm."  Under  Kirklinton  fuller  information 
about  him  appears.^ 

Nathaniel  Bowey,  1680 . 


He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Rainbow  Aug.  26,  1680.^ 

James  Jackson,  B.A.,  1713 — 1723. 

He  held  Stapleton  some  part  of  this  time  also.'* 
The  following  Presentments  were  made  in  1694  :  — 

1694.  There  are  dissenters  called  Quakers  in  our  pish  that  have 
not  subscribed  ye  declaration  of  fidelity  to  their  Majesties  nor  to  our 
knowledge  have  pformed  the  oathes,  things  required  in  ye  Said 
Articles  viz. 

John  pearson 

Tho  :  Bulman 

James  Blacklocke 

Tho  :  Gibson 

John  Scot 

Tho.  Scot 

Edward  Tweddle 

Tho  :   Scot.  6 


1.  Vide  p.  860. 

2.  Vide  p.  309. 

3.  Vide  p.  206. 

4.  Vide  p.  289. 

5.  Scaleby  Transcripts 


XIII.     BEWCASTLE. 

This  is  the  most  northern  Parish  with  which  we  are 
concerned,  being  some  ten  miles  north  of  Brampton,  and 
close  to  the  range  of  hills  which  divides  Cumberland  from 
Northumberland.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cuth- 
bert,  and  the  Registers  begin  in  1737.  "  The  Incumbents 
of  this  church,"  write  Nicolson  and  Burn,  "  living  obscure 
in  this  remote  part  of  the  diocese  have  nothing  memorable 
recorded  of  them."  ^  It  is  curious  that  this  place  should 
be  singled  out  for  a  comment  of  that  kind,  because  its 
isolated  character  preeminently  fits  it  to  be  the  centre  of 
much  romance;  and,  while  most  of  the  others  were  more 
than  average  men,  with  at  least  one  name,  William 
Patrick,  tradition  has  linked  some  very  "  memorable " 
adventures. 

The  following  is  the  list :  — 

William  Lawson,  1580. 

Foster  gives  several  of  this  name  as  Alumni  of  Oxford, 
but  he  identifies  none  with  the  Bewcastle  Incumbent.  A 
person  of  this  name  was  at  Wigton  in  1592,  and  at 
Hutton-in-the-Forest  in  1612. ^ 

Charles  Forebench,  M.A.,  1623. 

He  was  instituted  on  the  25th  of  April,  1623,  on  a 
Presentation  by  the  King.  A  person  of  this  name  under 
Henny  Magna,  Essex,  appears  among  the  1660  Petitioners 
to  the  House  of  Lords. ^ 

William  Patrick,  1632. 

This  name  is  not  given  by  "Nicolson  and  Burn.  He  is 
described  as  "  a  notorious  freebooter,"  who  had  John 
Nelson  as  his  Curate. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  478. 

2.  Vide  pp.  520,  486. 

3.  H.  M.  C.  Seventh  Report,  Part  I,  p.  106. 


I 


Bewcastle  293 

Henry  Sirson,  D.D.,  1644. 

He  appears  in  that  year  among  the  contributors  to  the 
Carlisle  garrison.^ 

Egbert  Lowther,  B.C.L.,  1663—1670. 

He  was  instituted  May  29,  1663,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter.  Foster  has  the  following  respect- 
ing him  :  "  B.C.L.  from  Jesus  College  11  Oct.  1631  (S.  of 
William  of  Ingleton,  Yorks),  rector  of  Ingleton,  and  of 
Bentham,  Yorks,  1660,  sequestered;  rector  of  Bewcastle, 
Cumberland,  1663 ;  chancellor  of  Carlisle  1666 ;  brother  of 
Lancelot  1624."  ^  It  would  have  been  well  if  the  auth- 
ority for  the  statement  of  his  Sequestration  had  been 
given.  Walker  does  not  name  him  in  his  list,  and  1660 
is  a  late  date  for  a  "  Sequestration."  It  also  appears  from 
the  following  that  his  appointment  to  Bewcastle  was 
anterior  to  the  date  supplied  by  the  Institution  Books 
unless  we  are  to  assume  a  second  Institution. 

Mr. 

Lowther. 

Dispensacon  to  Mr.  Robert  Lowther  of  Carlesley  to  hold  Bentham 
in  Com.  Ebor.  &  Diocess  Cestriens  wth  Bewcastle  Com  Camb  [Cumbr] 
&  Diocess  of  Carlesle  both  Rectorys  17  Feby  1661-2.  3 

He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  at  Bentham  in  1660. 
The  Registers  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Carlisle,  give  the 
following  :  — 

1665  Abbeygate  Eliz.  ye  daughter  of  Robert  Lowther  Chancel,  ye 
last  dale  [April]. 

Burial  Hen.  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Robert  Lowther  ye  5th  daie 
[January]  1661-2. 

1665  Rebecca  Lowther  wife  of  Robt  Chanclr  ye  5  Decembr. 
buried. 

1670  Abbeyg.  Mr.  Robert  Lowther  Buried  ye  8  daie  November. 

1.  Vide  p.  134. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  S.     P.    Dom.     Entry    Book,     1661-1662,     Eccleeiastical    Benefices. 
(Record  Office.) 


294  I'h®   Ejected   of  1662 

The  following  also  occurs,  though  whether  he  was  any 
relation  is  not  known  :  — 

1671  October  Mr.  Richard  Lowther  a  stranger  buried  ye  7th. 
In  1667  John  Roper  served  as  Curate. 

Ambrose  Myers,  M.A.,  1671—1673. 

He  was  instituted  July  8,  1671,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter.  Foster  says :  "  S.  Briscoe  of 
Staindrop,  co.  Durham,  deceased,  sizar  St.  John's  Coll,  28 
May  1662  aged  16 ;  B.A.  1665-6,  M.A.  1669 ;  incorporated 
11  July  1676,  rector  of  Bewcastle,  Cumberland."^  He 
died  in  1673. 

George  Usher,  B.D.,  1673. 

He  was  instituted  June  11,  1673,  being  also  Rector  of 
Arthuret.  ^  In  an  Inquisition  taken  at  Longtown,  April 
19,  1679,  he  appears  as  plaintiff  in  a  dispute,  with  Henry 
Foster  as  defendant,  respecting  the  "  Rectory  and  parish 
of  Bewcastle  Grounds  called  '  Kirsop '  and  Blackleven, 
and  the  parish  of  Kirkanders,  miles  and  bounds,  Tithes."* 
In  1686  William  Frazer  was  serving  him  as  Curate.  Frazer 
was  M.A.  of  Aberdeen  and  ordained  Priest  March  15, 
1684-5. 

James  Lamb,  M.A.,  1689—1698/9. 

He  received  Institution  July  26,  1689,  on  a  Presentation 
from  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle ;  and  for  some  time 
held  the  Lectureship  at  Carlisle.  He  resigned  March  23, 
1698/9,  and  was  subsequently  at  Appleby.* 

Jeffrey  Wybtjrgh,  LL.B.,  1699. 

He  was  a  graduate  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and 
was  instituted  July  14,  1699,  on  the  same  Presentation. 
He  held  the  living  for  a  few  months  only,  being  subse- 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  305. 

3.  Excheq.  Dep.  East.  11.     (Rec.  Off.) 

4.  Vide  pp.  184,  1136. 


Bewcastle  295 

quently  at  Lamplugh  and  Caldbeck.  ^  Foster  says  :  "  S. 
of  G.  ( ?  Galfridus)  of  Innerdale,  Cumberland  pp.  Queen's 
Coll.  matric.  3  Nov.  1688,  aged  17;  rector  of  Bewcastle 
1699,  of  Lamplugh  1700  and  of  Caldbeck  (all)  Cumberland 
1701."  2 

There  are  numerous  references  to  him  in  Bishop 
Nieolson's  Diaries,  from  which  it  appears  that  he  was  in 
the  habit  of  contracting  serious  debts.  He  was  in  prison 
for  such  in  1708  and  in  1712  is  described  as  "  in  a  poor 
state,"  out  of  prison  but  not  out  of  debt.  ^  The  Cocker- 
mouth  Registers  give  the  baptism  of  "  Thomas  Son  of  Mr. 
Jeffrey  Wibergh  "  on  "  ye  7th  1674."  Of  course  this  is 
not  the  same  person, 

Edwaed  Tonge,  M.A.,  1700—1713. 

He  was  instituted  January  3,  1700/1,  on  the  same  Pre- 
sentation.    Bishop   Nicolson,    in  1703,   says:  — 

The  Parsonage- House  is  lately  rebuilt  by  Mr.  Tong ;  who  has 
made  it  a  pretty  convenient  Dwelling.  Into  this,  Mr.  Allen  (the 
Curate,  who  also  assists  Mr.  Culcheth  at  Stapleton)  is  now  remove- 
ing  his  family.  The  Man's  a  poor  ejected  Episcopalian  of  the 
Scottish  Nation.  The  Men  of  Beaucastle  would  be  well  content  with 
him,  if  they  had  him  wholly  (as  in  Justice  they  ought)  to  them- 
selves. 4 

Matthew  Soulby,  1713—1737. 

He  was  previously  at  Greystoke  and  Watermillock.  He 
died  September  28,  1737.  ^ 

It  will  be  noticed  that  there  is  a  considerable  gap  about 
the  time  of  the  Restoration,  which  we  have  no  means  of 
removing. 

The  following  Presentments  were  made  in  1667  and 
1686  respectively :  — 

Bewcastle  ye  28  of  June  1667. 

We  present  John  Armestrong  of  Cleughside  and  Jane  Armestrong 
for   committing  of  ffornication.     Wee   present   Jeffrey   Bowerbye  and 

1.  Vide  pp.  553,  776. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vols,  i— v. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  57  :  for  Allen  or  Allan  vide  pp.  268,  271. 

5.  Vide  p.  512. 


296  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Jennett  Ffoster  for  ye  like.  Wee  present  Adam  Eoutledge  of  ye 
Cragge  and  Elizabeth  Ffoster  of  thys  pish  for  ye  like.  We  present 
Annie  Nixon  for  bearing  a  child  to  Archibald  ye  supposed  ffather. 

John  Roper,    Curate. 

William    Croser,    Churchwarden. 

1686.     The  presentments  of  the  Parish  of  Bewcastle  Imprimis  the 
dissenters  from  the  Church  are  those  following 
Adam  Hogg  of  the  Crew 
John  Armstrong  of  the  Flatt 
Thomas  Routledge  of  the  Low  Toddhills,  Quaker 
James  Routledge  of  Nixonstown   Quaker 
Thomas  Nixon,  Quaker 
Rowland  Ffoster  of  Low  Grange 
Signed  William  Frazer,  Curate.^ 

1.   Trans.  (N.S.),   vol.   ii,  p.   242.     St.  Cuthbert's  Church,  Bewcastle. 
by  J.  F.  Curwen,  F.R.I.B.A.     A  very  useful  article. 


r 


XIV.     KIEKANDEEWS-ON-ESK. 

This  place  is  a  few  miles  north  of  Longtown,  near  the 
Scottish  border.  The  nearest  station  is  Scotch  Dyke.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Andrew;  and  the  earliest 
Register  Book  is  a  small,  square  volume  of  paper,  in  good 
condition,  except  that  the  edges  are  a  little  frayed  away. 
The  writing  is  beautiful,  and  the  book  begins  with 
"  Weddings,"  under  date  Sep.  28,  1654 :  burials  begin 
with  Aug.  14,  1654.  There  is,  however,  an  unfortunate 
break  from  1658  to  1683,  and  it  is  clear  that  a  number  of 
pages  have  gone.  A  feature  of  the  Registers  is  the  record 
of  births  instead  of  baptisms  in  the  first  few  pages.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Charles  Usher,  M.A.,  1637—1650. 

He  was  the  first  Rector,  the  Parish  having  been  newly 
created,  though  a  Church  had  been  in  existence  for  some 
years  previously.  His  Institution  was  on  Aug.  28,  163T, 
on  a  Presentation  by  "  Richard  Graham  Mil.  et  Baronet." 
Dr.  Todd  says  that  Charles  Usher  was  a  relation  of  the 
patron.  He  was  a  contributor  to  the  besieged  garrison  in 
Carlisle,  in  1644,  to  the  extent  of  £3  Os.  Od.,^  and  was 
sequestered  by  the  Cromwellian  Commissioners.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  out  of  his  living  about  ten  years ;  if  that 
is  correct  the  Sequestration  would  be  about  1650. 

Thomas  Courtxey,  1650—1660  ( ?). 

Both  Calamy  and  Palmer  give  this  as  the  name  of  the 
person  who  was  ejected  from  Kirkandrews.  It  is  unfor- 
tunate that  the  statement  leaves  us  in  doubt  as  to  the  exact 
place,  being  in  Calamy  merely  :   "  Kirkanders  :    Mr.  Tho. 

1.  Vide  p.  134. 


298  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Courtney."  ^  Palmer  in  no  way  improves  upon  this,  the 
only  change  being  that  he  inserts  '"  h  "  into  the  place 
name,  and  gives  us  "  Kirkhanders."  ^  The  evidence, 
however,  such  as  it  is,  points  to  Kirkandrews-on-Esk  and 
not  Kirkandrews-on-Eden.  We  have  no  information 
about  Thomas  Courtney  beyond  the  fact  that  he  preached 
at  Carlisle  during  the  "  vacancy "  of  Ministers  there.^ 
Foster  gives  quite  a  number  of  "  Courtneys  "  or  "  Court- 
enays  "  among  his  Oxford  Alumni,  all  from  Cornwall  and 
Devon ;  and  it  may  be  that  Thomas  Courtney  was  a  native 
of  those  parts,  and  that  after  his  Ejection  he  went  thither. 
Certainly  he  disappears  from  this  district.  Edward 
Wiltshire,  referring  to  these  matters,  says  that  after  the 
Sequestration  of  Charles  Usher,  "  then  an  Incumbent 
distinct  from  ye  Rector  of  Arthuret  was  put  into  ye  Living 
of  Kirkandrews-upon-Eske,  Who  enjoy'd  ye  sd  Living 
and  its  profits  till  Mr.  Usher  was  restored."  * 

Charles  Usher,  M.A.,  1660—1681/2 

In  June,  1660,  immediately  after  the  Restoration,  like 
many  others,  Charles  Usher  petitioned  the  House  of  Lords 
for  restoration  to  his  living.  The  following  is  a  copy  of 
his  Petition :  — 

To  ye  Eight  Honble  ye  Lords  in 
Parliament  Assembled. 
The   Humble  Petition  of  Charles 
Usher  Clerk,  of  Kyrk-Andrews 
in  ye  County  of  Cumberland. 
Sheweth, 

That  ye  Rectory  of  Kyrk-Andrews  Aforesayd  was  divers  years 
since  Sequestred  from  yor  Petnr  by  ye  Powers  then  in  being  for  his 
affection  to  ye  Late  King  of  blessed  Memory. 

Your  Petnr  humbly  prayeth  yt  a  fifth  part  of  ye  Profits  of  ye 
Rectory  aboue  sayd  wth  ye  Arrears  thereof  be  forthwith  payd  unto 
yor  Petnr  &  ye  Rents,  issues  &  profits  of  ye  sayd  Rectory  secured  in 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   159. 

2.  Noncon.  Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  388. 

3.  Vide  p.  154  and  note  2. 

4.  The  Registers  and  Account  Books  of  Kirkandrews-upon-Esk,  by 
Chancellor  Ferguson,  p.  293. 


Kirkandrews-on-Esk  299 

ye  hands  of  some  reasonable  men  untill  ye  Parliamnt  take  farther 
order  therein,  or  yor  Petnr  restored  thereunto  by  due  course  of  Law. 
&  yor  Petnr  shall  pray 
Charles  Usher. 

23  Junii  1660. 
Charles  Usher  Cler.  Expd.i 

No  Certificates  appear  upon  this  document.  Tlie  Peti- 
tion was  successful.  Charles  Usher  signs  the  Registers  in 
1668;  and  he  held  the  living  until  his  death.  The 
following  is  the  record  of  his  burial :  — 

Mr.  Charles  Usher  the  first  Rector  since  ye  Church  was  rebuilt 
of  the  Parish  Church  of  Kirkanders  deceased  the  eleventh  day  of 
January  &  was  buried  in  his  own  Parish  Church  the  sixteenth  day 
following  1681-2. 


William  Graham,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1682—1685. 

Foster  says :  "  S.  of  George  of  Netherby,  Cumberland, 
bart.  Christ  Church  matric.  3  July  1674,  aged  18;  B.A. 
1678,  M.A.  11.  March  1680-1,  D.D.  (by  diploma)  14  June 
1686;  licensed  (Y.G.)  26  Sept  1688  to  marry  Mary  Offaly, 
of  the  Strand,  Middlesex,  spinster ;  prebendary  of  Durham 
1684,  and  rector  of  Kirkandrews-on-Esk,  1682,  of  Whick- 
ham,  Cumberland  [must  be  a  mistake  for  Durham]  1685- 
1713,  chaplain  in  Ordinary  to  Princess  Anne  of  Denmark, 
dean  of  Carlisle,  and  of  Wells  1704,  until  his  death  4  Feb. 
1712-13 ;  buried  at  Kensington."  ^  if  all  the  statements 
above  given  are  correct  he  must  have  been  a  Pluralist. 
His  Institution  to  Kirkandrews  is  thus  noticed  in  the 
Registers  :  — 

Mr.  William  Graham,  the  Second  Rector  of  the  Parish  of  Kirk- 
anders was  instituted  into  this  Church  ye  6th  day  of  Aprill  1682  by 
Mr.  George  Usher  rector  of  Arthuret. 

The  date  given  in  the  Institution  Books  is  March  27, 
1682;  and  the  patron  "  Comes  Preston,"  &c. 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library.     H.  M.  C,  Seventh  Report,  Parti,  p.  108. 

2.  Al.   Ox. 


300  The    Ejected    of  1662 

Edward  Wiltshire,  M.A.,  1685—1730. 

He  was  instituted  Nov,  20,  1685,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion.    In  the  Registers  appears  the  following:  — 

Memorandum  that  Mr.  Edward  Wiltshire  Mr.  of  Arts  was  Inducted 
into  this  Rectory  of  Kirkanders  together  wth  the  Rights  and  Appur- 
tenances thereunto  belonging  upon  the  Thirtyeth  day  of  January  1685 
And  pformed  all  what  the  Law  requires  after  Such  Induction  upon 
Sunday  the  31st  of  the  said  Instant  being  ye  next  day  after. 
J.   Todd. 

The  following  also  supplies  us  with  some  further 
information  about  him  :  — 

I  Edward  Wiltshire  came  down  wth  my  family  out  of  Lincoln- 
shire to  Kirkandrews-upon-Eske  June  10th  1686,  And  found  ye  parish 
Church  in  such  a  Ruinous  condition  that  had  it  staid  a  yeare  longer  it 
would  have  fallen  I  got  it  Repair'd  into  ye  condition  it  is  now  in,  at  a 
small  expense  to  my  parishioners,  The  Repairing  of  ye  Church  has 
not  cost  them  one  yeare  wth  another  twenty  shillings  a  yeare.  The 
parish  Repairs  ye  porch,  church  and  Vestry,  But  I  as  Rector  do 
Repaire  ye  Chancel  at  my  own  proper  Cost.  The  parish  Repairs  ye 
church  yard  gates  and  fence.  The  Lady  Dowager  Preston  gave  a 
pulpit  cloth,  a  pulpit  cushion.  And  a  comon  prayer  book  to  my 
church,  And  five  pounds  towards  the  flagging  of  the  church,  The 
Lord  Preston  Repairs  his  own  seat. 

Witness  my  hand 

Edw.  W'iltshire,  Rector,* 

The  baptism  is  thus  recorded  of  :  — 

Isabell  daughr  of  Edw.  Wiltshire  Cler.  &  Anne  his  wife  bap.  Oct. 
7.   1690. 

In  the  Brampton  Registers  is  the  following :  ■ 

1692.  Mr.  Edward  Wiltshire  Rector  of  Kirkandrs  upon  Eske  and 
Judith  ffeilding  of  ye  parish  of  Brampton  were  married  Sep.  29. 

Probably  she  was  the  widow  of  Philip  Fielding,  Ticar 
of  Brampton,  who  had  died  in  the  June  previous.  In  the 
Kirkandrews  Churchyard  is  a  tombstone  thus  inscribed  :  — 

Judith,  second  wife  of  Edward  Wiltshire  Rector  of  this  Church 
who  departed  this  life  on  Thursday  the  third  of  January  in  the  sixty 
ninth  year  of  her  age  Anno  Domini  1716-17. 

1.  The  Registers  of  Kirkandrews,  &c.,  p.  299. 


Kirkandrews-on-Esk  301 

There  is  no  record  of  Edward  Wiltshire's  own  burial  in 
the  Registers,  but  he  died  in  1730. 

It  was  during  his  Incumbency  that  Dr.  Todd,  Rector  of 
Arthuret,  put  forth  a  claim  to  the  tithes  of  the  Parish  of 
Kirkandrews,  as  well  as  those  of  Arthuret,  on  the  ground 
that  the  former  had  not  been  legally  divided  from  it. 
Edward  Wiltshire  undertook  to  answer  this  claim,  and  he 
did  so  with  considerable  ability  and  skill.  The  docu- 
ments on  both  sides  were  printed  by  the  late  Chancellor 
Ferguson  in  the  paper  referred  to  in  this  account  several 
times. ^  Edward  Wiltshire  was  one  of  few  men  in  his 
Diocese  for  whom  Bishop  Nicolson  had  words  of  unrestrained 
praise. 2  He  appears  to  have  been  on  somewhat  intimate 
terms  with  the  Bishop,  who  has  the  following  curious  entry 
in  his  Diary  respecting  him  :  "  Oct.  3.  Tuesday  [1704]  Mr. 
Wiltshire  hill  of  ye  Running  dry  of  Liddel,  a  forerunner 
of  ye  death  of  all  or  [our]  last  Kings.^ 

In  the  possession  of  the  present  Rector  is  a  fine  old  oak 
chest,  which  almost  certainly  was  formerly  the  property 
of  Richard  Baxter,  the  distinguished  divine.  The  carving 
is  rough,  and  a  small  door  in  front,  near  the  top,  has  upon 
it  the  following  :  — 

X    God    X 

is 
X     Love.     X 

Richard  Baxter  was  born  at  Eaton  Constantine,  Salop, 
^on  a  small  farm,   whose  effects  had   not  been  disturbed 
tsiDce  the  days  of  the  Stuarts;  and  this  chest  was  part  of 
the  furniture. 

1.  The  Kegisters  of  Kirkandrews,  &c. 

2.  Mi.scel.,  pp.  141,  212. 

3.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  ii,  209. 


XY.     ARTHURET. 

The  Church  of  this  name  is  about  a  mile  from  Longtown, 
and  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael  and  All  Angels.  There 
are  no  Registers  here  earlier  than  the  18th  Century,  the 
older  ones  having  perished.  There  is,  however,  a  well 
bound  volume  by  Dr.  Todd,  which  contains  much  inter- 
esting information  and  is  thus  described  by  its  author  :  — • 

Liber  Rationum  Ecclesiae  Parochialis  de  Arthuret  infra  Dioeceseon 
Carleolensem  et  Comitatum  Cumbriae  Ano  Domini  M.DCXCIX 
Rectore  D.D.  Hugone  Todd,  S.T.P.  Ecclesiae  CoUegialis  et 
Cathedralis   Carliol  Canonico. 

The  following  extracts  are  taken  from  it :  — 

Novr  10. 
Martinmas 
Eve. 

A.D.  1687  in  the  Night  There  hapened  a  very  high  Flood  wch 
endangered  the  whole  Holm.  The  Wind  blew  hard  from  West  N.W. 
with  a  high  Spring  Tide.  There  had  been  little  or  no  Rain ;  and  the 
Rivers  of  Esk  and  Line'  were  not  mov'd.  It  did  great  Damage  at  ye 
Burnfoot,  Lardstow  Stew  House  &  Stagmyre  And  at  ye  Broad-brest 
were  drowned  one  woman  and  her  4  children ;   &  one  other  boy. 

Arthurett  or  Arthuredd  or  Arthur-hured,  has  its  Mame  from  the 
famous  King  Arthur ;  King  of  the  Ancient  Britons ;  in  whose  Time 
there  was  a  Battle  fought  here  (probably)  on  the  Moor  Called  by  that 
Name.  In  Latin — a — .  [Not  given.]  There  is  no  Place  particularly 
called  Arthuret ;  but  the  Parsonage  and  Church ;  wch  give  Denomina- 
tion to  the  whole  parish.  The  Church  is  Dedicated  to  St.  Michael ; 
stands  on  an  Eminence,  as  most  Churches  doe  :  that  are  dedicated  to 
That  Saint.  It  was  Anciently  in  a  very  poor  Condition  :  of  a  narrow 
building  and  covered  with  Heather  or  Ling  :  It  &  the  Parish  having 
been  frequently  lay'd  .waiste  by  the  Scotts  as  appears  by  the  Bp's 
Register. 

Anciently  the  Parish  was  of  much  greater  Extent,  as  appears  by 
the  Boundary  prefix'd  :  and  in  the  Valuation  taken  21.  Edw.  I.  it  is 
rated  at  401i  &  the  Vicarage  at  301i  per  Annu  tho  in  ye  Book  of  Rates 
taken  26  H.  8.  not  long  after  the  Battle  of  Sollem-Moss  when  all  the 


I 


i 


Arthuret 


303 


Country  was  almost  laid  Waiste,  it  was  valued  only,  the  Rectory  at 
2li — 0 — 0  and  the  Vicaridge  at  Olli — 02 — 00.  Under  wch  Valuation  it 
Stands  now  in  the  Kings-Books  so  payes  no  first  Fruits  to  the  King ; 
for  both  The  Tenths  OOli— 06— 04.  In  the  year  lb09  The  old  Church 
was  taken  down  and  the  New  Falosch'  erected ;  as  appears  by  the 
Date  sett  over  the  Porch-door.  The  Expenses  were  supply'd  by  a 
Brief,  granted  by  K  James  I.  to  that  purpose ;  who,  endeavouring  by 
two  Proclamations,  to  abolish  the  very  Name  of  Borders,  was  very 
cjirefull  to  have  the  Concerns  of  Religion  well  provided  for,  in  these 
Parts.  Tis  commonly  reported  (by  Some  that  can  remember  the 
Building  of  the  Church)  That  Bolts  were  cast  &  ready  in  Kendall ; 
&  that  the  Persons  employ'd  to  fetch  them  went  off  with  the  money 
ruined. 


Called  Chapple-Eusten  The  Chap- 
pie Stood  till  the  Civil  Warrs  1640 
when  it  was  neglected.  At  the 
Restoration  of  K  Ch.  II.  1660  Mr. 
Constable  caused  a  chappie  of  Earth 
to  be  built  in  a  very  poor  manner ; 
whereat  he  preach 'd  once  a  Month 
for  some  years.  This  is  now  quite 
ruined. 


At  Easten  there  was  a  Chappie 
somewhat  Independent  of  the  Church 
(a  sort  of  Vicaridge  under  the  Rec- 
tory) wch  had  a  Vicar  of  its  own 
&  was  valued  distinct  from  the  Rec- 
tory ;  but  of  late  years  this  Rector 
has  had  Possession  to  both,  by  one 
Institution  and   Induction. 


I 


The  The   Revenues  (?)   of    this    chappie   appear   yet,    and  I 

Inhabitants        intend  to  have  it  united  again  for  the  Ease  &  Benefit 

did  of  that  Quarter  of  the  Parish.     Some  have  been  buryd 

oppose  in  the  Chappie  yard  in  Memory  of  Man.     The  Condi- 

the  tion  of  the  Living,   &  the  Right  to  at  least  the  Title 

Division  to  Present  to  it  have  been  very  various  and  uncertain. 

It    was    first    a    Rectory  :    then    Appropriated    to    the 

Abbat  &  Convent  of  Jeddboragh  Then  a  Rectory  again 

and  sometimes  the  King  of  England  Presented  to  it ; 

Sometimes    the    Abbat    &    Convent   of    Jeddard ;    and 

sometimes   the   Private   Persons.     All  wch    Differences 

and  Disorders  seem  to  have  been  settled  5  Ed.  6.  when 

the   Bounds    of    the    Kingdoms    wiere    ascertained    by 

Comissioners ;    &    the    Dyke    call'd    the    Scotch    Dyke 

made.     Then    upon    the    Death    of    that   Prince    they 

broke  out  again  ;  for  Queen  Eliz.     was  so  incensed  at 

the  Rudeness  of  the  People  of  these  Parts,  that  Shee 

sent   Soldiers  to  burn  their   Houses,  and   Transported 

two  Ship-load  of  them  (most  of  the  name  of  Grahme) 

to  BrislI  &   Flushing  in  Holland ;   and   never  suffered 

them  to  return,  never  all  of  them. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn  (vol.  ii,  p.  474)  speak  of  the  Chapel  Flosh. 


304  The    Ejected    of  1662 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Michael  Frissell,  1565. 

He  was  instituted  on  the  Srd  of  Sept.,  1565. 

CUTHBERT  CURWEN,  D.D.,  1618—1639. 

The  first  is  the  date  given  by  Dr.  Todd  in  the  book  just 
named.  Cuthbert  Curwen  was  a  younger  brother  of 
Christopher  Curwen  of  Camerton,  a  branch  of  the  Curw^ns 
of  Workington  Hall.  He  went  from  St.  Bees  School  to 
Pembroke  Hall,  Cambridge,  in  1586,  and  probably  became 
Rector  of  Ai-thuret  much  earlier  than  the  date  given  by 
Dr.  Todd.  He  is  frequently  referred  to  in  Lord  William 
Howard's  "Household  Books"  as  "the  Doctor,"  and  was  in 
the  habit  of  sending  "  geese  "  to  Naworth.  The  following 
is  a  specimen :  "  Rewards  1618  Nov.  12.  To  parson 
Curwen's  man  bringing  geese  vs."  ^ 

In  his  "  Case  "  for  the  unity  of  the  two  Parishes,  Dr. 
Todd  says  :  — 

In  ye  yeare  1636,  the  Rector  of  Arthuret,  Cuthbert  Curwen, 
D.D.,  being  sick  and  aged,  and  happening  to  differ  with  ye  patron 
about  some  gleab  land,  who  had  not  long  before  purchased  ye 
advowson  of  the  Rectory  and  ye  lands  of  ye  whole  parish  of  Arthuret ; 
The  patron  having  great  power  among  his  Tenants  wthout  any  Act 
of  Parliament  or  Letters  patent  from  ye  King  for  wt  he  did  Repairs 
another  ruinated  chappell  wthin  ye  p'cincts  of  ye  sd  parish  neare  to 
his  own  mansion  house,  And  attempts  to  make  it  parochial  and 
independent   of  ye   mother   church.    ' 

Cuthbert  Curwen  resigned  in  1639,  the  Bishop  accepting 
the  resignation  on  Dec.  5th  of  that  year,  and  he  died 
shortly  after.  Bishop  ISTicolson,  writing  in  1704,  says  that 
before  the  altdr  in  the  Church  was  a  monument  thus 
inscribed:    "  Cuthbertus  Curwen.   S.T.P.R.   1642."  ^ 

His  Will,  dated  June  28,  1639,  directs  that  his  body 
shall  be  buried  in  the  "  Chancell  of  the  pish  Church  of 
Arthuret."  In  a  codicil,  dated  Feb.  7,  1639-40,  he  recalls 
and  makes  void  certain  provisions  of  his  previous  Will. 

1.  P.  88. 

2.  The  Registers  of  Kirkandrews,   &c.,  p.   289. 

3.  Miscel.,  p.    136. 


Arthur  et  305 

He  ordains  and  appoints  hereby  "  that  John  Wardman  my 
Curate  have  the  houses  and  landes  now  in  his  possession 

at dureing  my  Lease  at  the  same  yearly  rent  if  he 

continue  Curate  at  Arthuret."  ^ 

George  Constable,  1639 — 1673. 

He  was  instituted  the  same  day  that  Cuthbert  Curwen's 
resignation  was  accepted,  "Ricus  Graham  Mil.  et  Baronet" 
being  patron.  In  his  "  Case  "  Dr.  Todd  ^eaks  of  George 
Constable,  a  "  poore  Relation "  of  the  patron,  in  the 
following  terms  :  — 

In  ye  year  1641,  Dr.  Curwen  ye  Rector  dyes,  And  ye  patron  to 
p'vent  ye  Recovery  of  ye  Rights  of  ye  Rectory  as  may  be  supposed 
p'sents  one  Mr.  Constable,  a  poor  Relation,  who  during  his  time 
was  content  wth  his  allowance  of  tithe,  wch  was  till  ye  yeare  1675  2 

In  his  list  of  Incumbents,  however,  he  describes  him  as 
"A  Yorkshire  man  of  Good  Family — Died  in  Yorkshire."^ 
In  the  margin  he  adds  : — "  For  some  years  after  1640  the 
church  lay  vacant  in  the  heat  of  the  Civil  Warr."  It  is  not 
easy  to  see  how  this  could  be  in  view  of  the  previous 
statement.  It  is  quite  possible  that  George  Constable  was 
sequestered  as  well  as  the  Rector  of  Kirkandrews;  but 
there  is  no  documentary  evidence  of  any  kind  to  show 
that  such  was  the  case.  He  died  in  1673.  "  On  ye  South 
side  of  ye  Church  in  ye  Wall,"  says  Bishop  Nicolson,  in 
1704,  a  monument  bears  the  following  inscription  :  — 

Here  lyes  the  Body  of  Mrs.  Thomasin  Story,  Daughter  of  Mr. 
George  Constable,  last  Rector  of  this  Church,  who  was  marryed  to 
Mr.  Thomas  Story  of  Justice  Town  the  12th  of  January  1658.  She 
left  Issue  George,  Christopher,  Thomas  and  Anne,  and  dyed  the  1st 
of  Febr.   1674.  i 

George  Usher,  B.D.,  1673—1688. 

He  was  instituted  Dec.  19,  1673,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"Richard    Graham    Mil.    and    Bart.,"^    and    had    also 

1.  The  Curwens  of  Workington  Hall,  &c.,  p.  63. 

2.  The  Registers  of  Kirkandrews,  &c.,  p.   290. 

3.  Liber   Rationum,    &c. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.   137. 

5.  Institution  Books. 


U 


3o6  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Bewcastle.^  He  was  the  son  of  Charles  Usher  of 
Kirkandrews  and  received  his  University  training  at 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge.  The  following  entries 
in  the  Kirkandrews  Registers  refer  to  his  family : 

1673  June  17.  Isibbell  Daughter  to  Mr.  George  Usher  of  Kirk- 
anders  baptized,  Mr.  Arthuer  fforster  of  Kingfield  God  father,  Mrs. 
fforster  and  Mrs.  Gumpson,  God  mothers. 

1675   July   29    Charles    Sonne   to   Mr.    George    Usher    Minister   of 
Arthurett  borne  j^e  24  of  July  &  baptized  ye  29th. 

Bishop  Kicolson  says  that  in  1704,  in  the  centre  of  the 
chancel,  was  a  monument  thus  inscribed  :  — 

Depositum  Viri  Reverendi  Georgij  Usheri 
S.T.B.  Collegij  Emanuel,  Cantabrig.  Socij 
Rectoris  de  Arthuret,  qui  obijt  Septemb.  4 
die  Mensis,   Anno  Doi  1688  2 

Hugh  Todd,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1688—1728. 

He  continued  to  hold  this  living  even  after  becoming 
Vicar  of  Penrith  in  1699  and  Prebendary  of  the  Cathedral.^ 
Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary  for  May  3,  1707,  refers  to 
a  Mr.  Smith  of  "  ye  Holme,"  who  desired  "  leave  to  go 
Curate  to  Arthuret  at  251i  allowance."  * 

The  Episcopal  Register  has  the  following  referring 
probably  to  the  Chapel  at  Easten  named  by  Dr.  Todd  ^  :  — 

Licentia  erudiendi  pueros  aut  legendi  preces  &c.  in  Capella  de 
floresta  infra  pochiam  de  Kirkhanders  Super  Esk  in  Com.  Cumbriae 
Concessa  est  Gulielmo  Blathwait  literato  quinto  die  Mensis  ffebruarij 
Anno    Dni    1663. 

1.  Vide  p.  294. 

2.  Miscel.,   p.    136. 

3.  Vide  pp.  436,  &c. 

4.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  2. 

5.  Vide  p.  303.  '  - 


XVI.     KIRKLINTON. 

In  older  documents  this  village,  wliich  lies  about  four 
miles  south  east  of  Long-town,  and  eight  north  west  of 
Brampton,  appears  as  "Kirk  Leventon,"  "Kirk  Levington" 
and  "  Kirk  Leavington."  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Cuthbert,  and  the  Registers  begin  in  1655,  though 
they  are  not  very  legible  for  the  rest  of  that  Century. 
In  1904,  a  Transcript  was  carefully  prepared  in  reference 
to  which  we  have  the  following  :  — 

This  Transcript   of  the   Early  Eegisters  of  the   Parish   of   Kirk- 
linton   for    the    years    1655    to    1705    carefully    compared    with    and 
cpmpleted    by   means    of   the  Duplicates    in   the    Bishop's    Registry, 
Carlisle,  was  finished  January  28th  1904 
by 
Alfred  John   Hoi  den 
Rector. 

It  begins  thus  :  — 

A  proper  register  Booke  of 

all  the  Baptisms  in  the  pish 
of  Kirklinton  for  the  present 
yeare   1655. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Robert  Beck,  1576—1599. 

Probably  the  person  of  this  name  who  appears  at 
Brampton  in  1579,  and  at  Crosthwaite  in  1592. ^  If  so  he 
would  be  a  Pluralist.     He  died  in  1599, 

George  Watson,  1599—1604. 

Foster  gives  George  Watson,  M.A.,  as  of  Trinity  or 
Pembroke  College,  Cambridge,  1593,  incorporated,  Oxford, ^ 
July  10,  1599.  Whether  this  was  the  Kirklinton  Rector 
he  does  not  say.     He  resigned  in  1604. 

1.  Vide  pp.  249,  648. 

2.  AI.   Ox. 


3o8  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Edward  Johnson,  M.A.,   1604—1611. 

He  was  instituted  Feb.  21,  1604;  and  probably  held  tbe 
living  of  Beaumont  1  as  well  as  that  of  Kirklinton. 

Christopher  Parrett  or  Parrot,  M.A.,  1611 — 1643. 

The  Parrots  were  a  local  family,  a  person  of  this  name 
appearing  in  the  Cockermouth  Registers.  Christopher 
Parrett  was  instituted  to  Kirklinton,  Sept.  26,  1611.  He 
is  given  as  the  grandfather  of  Christopher  Story,  the 
eminent  Quaker  preacher.  Nicolson  and  Burn  say  that 
he  resigned  "  to  the  Commissioners  of  Archbishop  Usher 
(commendatory  Bishop  of  Carlisle)  in  1643."  ^  Such, 
however,  does  not  appear  to  be  a  correct  view  of  the  case. 
Christopher  Parrett  was  evicted  by  Sir  Edward  Musgrave, 
the  patron  of  the  living,  though  for  what  reason  is  not 
clear ;  but  as  to  the  fact  itself  the  following  is  decisive  :  — 

Kirkelinton.  31    August    1646. 

Upon  complt  made  by  Chrestopher  Parrett  Gierke  yt  he  hath 
beene  Legally  Incumbent  of  ye  Rectory  of  Kyrkelinton  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  for  30  yeares  together  Mr.  Edward  Musgrave  Knt  & 
Baronett  did  about  fower  years  since  by  force  evict  ye  sd  Mr.  Parrett 
out  of  ye  Rectory  and  placed  therein  on  [one]  Robt  Priestman  for  yt 
appeareth  nothing  in  ye  behalfe  of  or  agt  ye  sd  Minister  for  his 
said  eviction  &  this  Comittee  doe  referr  ye  same  to  ye  Comtee  of 
Parliamt  for  sd  County  who  are  desired  to  exine  ye  truth  thereof 
and  in  case  they  find  yt  hee  hath  a  legal!  tytle  thereunto  then  ye 
sd  Comtee  bee  desired  to  reestableshe  &  settle  him  in  ye  sd  Rectory 
&  ye  quiett  and  peaceable  posson  thereof.  3 

The  appeal,  however,  does  not  seem  to  have  had  any 
immediate  result;  but  whether  we  are  to  see  its  influence 
in  the  Sequestration  which  followed,  about  two  years  later, 
cannot  be  determined.  Information  about  Christopher 
Parrett  after  this  date  is  not  forthcoming.  Possibly  the 
marriage  of  a  daughter  is  referred  to*  in  the  Registers 
thus  :  — 

1657  William  Graham  and  Jane  Parratt  Mar.    March  xi. 

1.  Vide  p.  219. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.   ii,  p.   463. 

3.  Add.   MSS.,   Brit.   Mus.,   15670. 


Kirklinton  309 

Egbert  Priestman,  1643— 1648  (?). 

The  writers  previously  quoted  say  in  reference  to  this 
appointment  that  the  name  of  the  person  presenting  is  not 
known ;  but  from  the  foregoing  document  it  appears  it  was 
Sir  Edward  Musgrave.  Also  from  the  fact  that  the  same 
writers  go  on  to  mention  Robert  Priestman's  death  in 
1679,  the  impression  conveyed  is  that  his  ministry  was 
continuous.  This,  however,  was  not  so.  He  suffered 
Sequestration  about  1648,  though  Walker  does  not  mention 
his  name.  The  evidence  for  this  is  the  Petition  which 
is  given  a  little  later.  Unfortunately  a  gap  of  eight 
years  occurs  after  him.  Can  it  be  that  Christopher  Parrett 
returned  ? 

Robert  Hooper,  1657/8 — 1660. 

The  following  notifies  his  appointment :  — 

Kirklington    in 
ye   County  of 
Cumbland. 

Eobert  Hooper  Gierke — admitted  the  25th  day  of  January  1657  to 
ye  R.  of  Kirklington  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  upon  a  pres. 
exhibited  the  same  day  from  his  Highnesse  The  Lord  Protector  under 
ye  great  Seale  of  England  And  Certificates  from  Tho.  Craister,  Cuth. 
Studholme,  Tim.  Tully  of  Carlile  Jos.  Nicholson  of  Orton  Comfort 
Starre.' 

Calamy  and  Palmer  mention  him  as  an  Ejected  Minister, 
but  they   give   no   further   information   concerning   him. 
They  do  not  even  supply  his   Christian  name.     In  each 
case   the   place   is   given    as   "  Kirklevington."        Robert 
Hooper  passes  out  of  sight  at  this  point. 
The  following  belong  to  this  period :  — 
Stanton  and 
Houghton  November  3,   1657. 

9  Nov. 

Sr.  Edward  Musgrave  haveing  not  hitherto  made  out  his  title  to 
the  tithes  of  Stanton  and  Houghton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
according  to  former  ordr  in  that  behalfe  ordered  that  Mr.  John 
Pococke  acquaint  Mr.  Cooke  the  sd  Sr.  Edward's  Solicitor  with  the 
said  neglect  that  so  the  saide  cause  may  be  at  length  brought  to  a 
determination.  2 

1.  Lambeth    MSS.    (Plund.    Min.),    998. 

2.  Ibid.,  980. 


3IO  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Stanton  & 
Houghton.  May   27,    1658 

Whereas  the  Lease  of  the  tithes  of  Stanton  &  Houghton  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  long  since  expired  (vizt)  the  3rd  of  Aprill 
1649  since  when  Sr.  Edward  Musgrave  possor  of  the  said  tithes  hath 
not  accounted  for  the  mesne  profitts  of  the  same  It  is  ordered  that 
Mr.  Edmond  Branthwayte  recr  doe  make  particular  inquirie  after 
the  true  value  of  the  said  profitts  and  demands  and  receive  the  same 
of  the  said  Sr  Edward  and  in  default  of  payment  thereof  to  certifie 
the  same  to  these  Trustees  that  such  further  proceedings  may  be  had 
thereupon  as  to  justice  shall  appertaine. 
Edward  Cresset  Jo  Pocock  Ea.   Hall  Jo.   Humfrey  Ri.   Yong.  1 

Robert  Priestman,  1660 — 1679. 

Like  many  others  similarly  circumstanced,  Robert 
Priestman  petitioned  the  House  of  Lords,  in  June,  1660, 
for  restoration  to  the  living,  from  which  he  had  been 
"  illegally  ejected  and  Thurst  out,"  and  his  suit  was 
successful.     His  Petition  reads  thus  :  — 

To  the  right  honorble  the  Lords  in  parliamt  assembled  : — 
The  humble  peticon  of  Robert  Preistman  Clearke. 
Sheweth. 

That  yor  petr  for  these  twelve  yeares  last  past  hath  beene  most 
illegally  ejected  and  Thurst  out  of  his  parsonage  of  Kirklinton  als 
Kirk  leavington  in  the  County  of  Cumbland  and  from  exercize  of  his 
Ministeriall  duty  there  onely  for  his  Loyalty  and  good  affecon  to  his 
Majestye. 

May  it  therefore  please  yor 

Lordpps  to  grant  yor  ORDER  for  the  secureing  of  the 

tythes  gleabes  and  profitts  thereof 

into  the  hands  of  Such 

persons   as   yor   Lordpps 

shall  thinke  fitt  untill  yor 

petrs  tytle  to  his  said  parsonage 

shall  be  determined  by  due  Course 

of  Law. 

And  yor  petionr,   shall 

dayly  pray   &c. 

ROBERT   PREISTMAN. 
I  can  testifie  the  truth  of  this  petition  for  ye  Petitioner  was  presented 
by  me ;   and   forcably  elected  for  his  Loyalty  this  twelve  yeares  or 
there  abouts,  and  he  is  a  Conscientious  man. 

EDWARD  MUSGRAVE. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   980. 


Kirklinton  3 1 1 

Sr.  Edw.  Musgrave  Knt  of  Hayton  in  Cumbland. 
[On  the  outside  of  the  document  appears  the  following]  : — 23  of  June 
1660  The  peticon  of  Robt.  Preistnian,  Clearke 
Expd.     ' 

The  Priestman  entries  in  the  Registers  are  as  follows  :  — 

1656  Eichard  .  .  .  son  of   Robert   Priestman  Minister,   Bur.   ye   17 
Aprill. 

1656  Mary  daughter  of  Mr.   Robert  Priestman  born  Feb.   24:th. 

1657  Mary  daughter  of  Robert  Preistman  bur.  Dec.   28. 
1658 Son  of  Robert   Priestman   born   Oct.    5. 

1660  Jane  daughter  of  Mr.   Robert  Priestman  Chry[stened]  Jan  .  .  . 

1661  John  Sonne  of  Robert  Preistman  Clerk  Bur.  Aprill  13. 

1663  Katherine  daughter  of  Mr.  Robert  Priestman  Chryst  .... 

1664  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Mr.  Robert  Preistman  Chryt. 

1666  Dorothie  daughter   of  Mr.    Priestman   Bapt.    November   6. 
1668-9  January   Jane  daughter   of   Robert   Priestman   Minister   Bapt. 

19th. 
1671  Aprill  Arthur  Sonne  of  Robt  Preistman  Minister  Bapt  3rd 
1677  June  Richard  son  of  Mr.  Preistman  ^Bur.  29th. 

It  would  appear  from  the  foregoing  that  Robert  Priestman 
was  resident  in  the  district  during  the  period  of  his 
Sequestration.  He  remained  here  until  his  death,  in  1679, 
and  held  the  Scaleby  living  as  well.^  He  was  active  in 
his  opposition  to  the  Quakers  who  Avere  numerous  in  the 
neighbourhood.  At  a  suit  instituted  by  him  for  "Predial 
Tithes"  John  Jackson  of  Kirklinton  was  imprisoned  Sept. 
•30,  1677.^  It  was  in  his  time  also  that  the  following 
Presentments  were  made  :  — 

1675 

We  do   present  these   psons   under   written   as   Quakers   and  Non- 
Conformists — 

Christopher  Taylor  of  Hitherside 

Christopher  Story  of  Righead 

George  Grame  of  Rigg 

Andrew  Martin 

George   Hetherington  of  Grainhead 

Andrew   Hetherington  of  Ash 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library ;  also  H.M.C.,  Seventh  Report,  Pt.  I,  p.  107. 

2.  Vide  p.  291. 

3.  Besse's  Sufferings,  &c.,  vol.  i,  p.  132  :  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth, 
p.  63. 


312  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Symond   Armestrong   alias   Groont 
William  Blacketter 
John  Ivyson 
John  Jackson  Junr 
John  Summervell 
Christopher   Hetherington. 
1676 
We  do  present  these  underwritten  for  non  payment  of  Church  dues 
William  Hetherington  of  Rigg 
Thos  Graham  of  the  same 
Edward  Grame  of  ililtown 

George   Grame  of   Rigg  ■  ' 

Robert  Phillipp  of  Whamtown 

John  Grame  alias  Blackhouse  late  deceased  whose  Will  &  Testmt 
is  to  present.' 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

In  the  Church-yard   (which  is  pretty  well  fenced)  there  is  great 
Store  of  Graves;  notwithstanding  the  mighty  Swarms  of  Quakers  in 
the  parish,   who  have  also  a   Sepulchre   of   their  own  within   View. 
On  a  Tomb-Stone  here  I  found  the  following  Epitaph,  ill  speli'd  : 
Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  jNIr.  Robert  Priestman 
leat   Rector  of  this   Church,   who  lived   Mi- 
nister the  Space  of  38  years,  and  dyed 
April  the   16th,    1679.= 

George  Story,  1681—1694. 

He  was  instituted  May  30,  1681,  on  the  Presentation 
of  the  Archbishop  of  York.  He  appears  to  have  been 
exceedingly  active  both  against  Conventiclers  and  Quakers. 
On  Dec.  1,  1684,  Sir  Greorge  Fletcher  writes  to  Sir  Daniel 
Fleming  in  the  interests  of  "  Cousin  "  Warwick  against 
whom  it  was  charged  by  "one  Story,  parson  of  Kirklinton," 
that  he  had  refused  to  give  a  warrant  for  the  suppressing 
of  a  Conventicle  which  "  the  constables  and  church- 
wardens "  had  also  refused  to  disturb.^  George  Story  * 
resigned  Dec.  6,  1694,  on  being  nominated  to  the  Deanery 
of  Connor  in  Ireland. 

1.  Parish  Registers. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.  107. 

3.  Fleming  MSS.,  H.M.C.,  Twelfth  Report,  p.   195. 

4.  Vide  "The  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth  "  (p.  64)  for  George  Story 
and  the  Quakers. 


i 


Kirklinton  3 1 3 

David  Bell,  M.A.,  1695^1706. 

He  was  instituted  April  27,  1695,  on  the  Presentation 
of  "  Edmund  Appleby,  Gen.,"  having  previously  been  at 
Askham.  In  1706  he  removed  to  Aspatria,  and  was  at 
Great  Orton  in  1710.^ 

John  Murray,  M.A.,  1707—1722. 

He  was  instituted  April  4,  1707,  on  the  Presentation  of 
Joseph  Appleby,  and  inducted  two  days  afterwards. 
Foster  says  : — "  Son  of  John  of  Stirling,  Scotland,  Univer- 
sity Coll.  matric.  12  Dec,  1695,  aged  17  :  one  of  these 
names  rector  of  Ivirklington,  Cumberland,  1707."  ^  He 
remained  until  his  death  in  1722.  His  burial  entry  reads 
thus  :  — 

1722  July  27  John  Murray  Rector  of  this  Parish  Buried. 

Anthony  Wilton,  B.A.,  1722—1731. 

The  Registers  state  that  he  was  inducted  Sept.  29,  1722, 
by  "  Mr.  Edward  Birkett  Rector  of  Kirkland."  He  signs 
the  Lanercost  Transcripts  in  1726  and  1728,  and  was 
probably  Curate  of  Walton,  being  therefore  like  many 
others  of  that  period,  a  Pluralist  on  a  considerable  scale. 

L  Vide  pp.  233,  646,  1221. 
2.  Al.  Ox. 


XVII.     EOCLIFFE. 

This  place  is  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Eden  about  six 
miles  north  west  of  Carlisle.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Mary ;  and  the  Registers  date  back  to  1679.  "  On  the 
fly-leaf,"  writes  Dr.  Wilson,  "  in  a  neat  bold  band  is  tbe 
following : 

Cumberland,  Roecliffe  at  Easter  1679  John  Litle  and  Jeff  Urwin 
being  ch[urch]wardens.  This  Register  book  was  bought  at  ye  insti- 
gation of  Mr.  Tho.  Stalker  Mr.  A.  Coll,  Reg.  Oxon  curate  yn  of  this 
ch.  of  Roecliffe  lectr  of  St.  Cuthberts  Carlile  and  Minor  canon  of  ye 
Cathedll  ch  in  yt  citty.  There  was  not  one  yr  [there]  before  for 
many  yeares  being  taken  away  with  other  utensills  of  ye  Church  by 
Scott's  armyes  and  last  of  all  by  Ld  Duke  Hamilton's  in  ye  year 
1648.    ' 

Previous  to  1754  it  was  a  Curacy  first,  in  connection  with 
the  Cathedral  of  Carlisle,  and  subsequently  under  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  there,  who  nominated  a  perpetual 
Curate.  Of  these  no  complete  list  is  possible,  but  tbe 
following  scraps  of  information  have  been  obtained :  — 

William  Cox,  1656. 

The  authority  for  this  is  the  following  :  — 

Rowcliffe 
Mar  6,  1656. 

Know  all   men  by   these   psents  that   there  was  exhibited  &c.    an 
Ordr  of  ye  Trustees  for   &c.   for  ye  settlemt  of  Mr.   Wm  Cocke  in 
ye  Curacy  of  the  parish  Church  of  Rowcliffe  in  ye  County  of  Cum- 
berland  Together   &c   Upon   pusall   &c  the   Comrs   &c. 
Dated  Att  Whitehall  the  26th  day  of  Deer  1656. 
A   true   copy 

Jo.  Nye  Regr.^ 

Rowcliffe.  March  20,  1656. 

Whereas  the  Curacy  of  the  pish  Church  of  Rowcliffe  in  the  County 
of  Cumberland  is  at  the  Care  and  provision  of  these  Trustees  It  is 

1.  Vict.  Hist.,  &c.,  Cumb.,  vol.  ii,  p.  93  note  6. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.   Min.),  968. 


Rocliff  e  3 1 5 

ordered  that  Mr.  Wm.  Cocks  (approved  by  the  Comrs  for  Approbacon 
of  publique  preachers  the  26th  of  December  1656)  be  and  he  is  hereby 
constituted  and  appointed  Minister  of  Rowcliffe  aforesaid,  and  that 
he  doe  officiate  in  the  pish  Church  and  preach  unto  and  diligently 
instruct  the  Inhabitants  of  the  sd  pish  And  that  he  shall  have  for  his 
paines  therein,  all  Stipends  Salaries  pencons  and  allowances  whatso- 
ever to  the  Curate  or  Minister  of  the  sd  pish  Church  belonging  or  in 
any  wise  appteining  And  it  is  further  ordered  that  the  yearely  Sume 
Seaventeene  poundes  six  Shillinges  be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto 
him  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  Rectory  of  Rowcliffe 
aforesd  to  hold  for  such  time  as  he  shall  descharge  the  duty  of  the 
Minister  of  the  sd  place  or  untill  further  order  of  these  Trustees  to 
be  Accompted  from  the  25th  day  of  December  last  and  that  Mr. 
Edmund  Branthwaite  Receiver  doe  pay  the  Same  unto  the  sd  Mr. 
Cocks  accordingly. 

Ra.  Hall,  Jo.  Humfrey,  Edw.  Cressett 

Jo.   Pocock  Ri.   Yong.  i 

Foster  gives  quite  a  number  of  persons  of  this  name  among- 
his  Oxford  Alumni ;  but  he  does  not  identify  the  person  in 
question.     What  became  of  him  we  do  not  know. 

Henry  Skarrow,  M.A.,  1668. 

This  is  the  date  in  the  Transcripts  when  he  signs  as 
"  Curat  ibidem."     He  was  subsequently  at  Castle  Carrock.^ 

Thomas  Stalker,  M.A.,  1679—1680. 

He  was  previously  at  Thursby,  and  was  also  Lecturer  at 
Carlisle.  3 

Richard  Shepherd,  1682. 

This  again  is  the  date  of  his  signature  in  the  Transcripts, 
though  his  license  to  serve  the  Cure  is  dated  Apr,  17,  1683. 
Almost  certainly  this  is  the  person  of  that  name  referred 
to  as  "  late  Schoolr "  under  date  Dec.  20,  1683,  in  the 
account  of  Carlisle.  He  was  at  Cliburn  in  1688,*  and 
married  Jane  Stalker,  the  daughter  of  his  predecessor  at 
Roclifi'e. 

1.  Lambeth   MSS.    (Plund.    Min.),   993. 

2.  Vide  p.  265. 

3.  Vide  pp.  186,  544. 

4.  Vide  pp.  182,  1245. 


3i6  The   Ejected    of  1662 

John  Calvert,  1690— 1719  (?). 

He  was  admitted  to  the  Curacy  Dec.  22,  1690. 
He  signs  the  Transcripts  in  1691  and  continues  to  do  so 
until  1719.  He  had  been  Curate  of  Cumrew  from  1679  to 
1690.^  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  slightly  reflects  upon  his 
lack  of  training  thus  :  — 

In  a  neighbouring  House  the  Children  are  taught  by  Mr.  Moor, 
a  Scotch  Mr.  of  Arts  of  Aberdene ;  who  has  contracted  with  ye 
Parishioners  for  a  salary  of  3li  and  his  Diet;  He  is  also  Clerk  of  the 
Parish,  worth  about  10s  under  a  Curate  who  never  saw  either  an 
University  or  a  College  excepting  that  in  the  Abbey  at  Carlile, 
where  he  is  a  Petty  Canon.    ^ 

The  Transcripts  furnish  several  interesting  items,  in  one 
of  Avhich  a  tribute  is  paid  to  the  devotion  of  the  Minister 
notwithstanding  his  want  of  University  training  :  — 

[About  1692.] 

We  psent  ye  pish  for  not  buying  a  new  Surplice  that  wch  we 
have  is  all  in  tatters  &  raggs  even  a  shame  to  see  !  We  have  nothing 
else  (yt  we  know  off)  to  p'sent  this  yeare. 

This  is  signed  by  the  Churchwardens  "  old  "  and  ''  new." 

April   22,    1702. 

We  psent  William  Hill  a  Whigg  for  teaching  School  in  Rockliffe 
pish   without  a   Licence. 

May  2,  1704,  among  other  things,  they  report :  — 

Our  Minister  is  episcopally  ordained  never  absent  from  us  any 
Sunday  or  on  any  occaon  but  Sometime  when  necessarily  detained  in 
the  Cathedrall  upon  his  Duty  being  a  Minor  Canon  there  as  diligent 
as  any  man  can  be  in  the  discharge  of  his  Duty  required  in  the 
Articles  under  this  Title. 

There  is  a  Meeting  held  in  George  Davison's  house  at  the  Cross 
evry  week  twice,  vizt  on  Sunday  &  Thursday  night,  To  which  there 
come  a  great  number  of  People  from  sev'all  Parishes. 


Calamy  names  Daniel  King,  born  at  Bridge  of  Allan, 
near  Stirling,   "  brought  up  in  the  College  of  Glasgow, 

1.  Vide  p.  269. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.   14. 


Refugees  3 1 7 

and  ordain'd  at  Edinburgh,"  as  obtaining  a  living  in 
Cumberland  through  the  "  Interest  of  the  Earl  of  Queens- 
berry,"  whence  he  was  ejected  for  his  Nonconformity. 
He  adds  :  "  As  some  that  were  ejected  and  silenc'd  in 
these  Parts  [Cumberland]  went  afterwards  into  Scotland, 
so  some  that  were  harrass'd  there,  came  and  took  shelter 
here."  ^  No  places  are  named ;  but,  as  the  part  of  the 
County  with  which  this  Chapter  is  concerned  is  contiguous 
to  Scotland,  probably  it  was  here  that  these  interchanges 
took  place. 

1.  Calamy,   vol.   iii,  p.  229. 


I 


III.  THE  LAZONBY  GROUP. 

I.  LAZONBY. 

This  is  a  good  sized  village  in  the  Eden  Yalley,  about 
midway  between  Appleby  and  Carlisle.  The  Cliurcb, 
dedicated  to  St.  Nicholas,  is  an  old  foundation,  though 
the  present  structure  is  modern.  The  Registers  begin  in 
1638,  the  earliest  possible  date.  They  are  in  excellent 
condition,  the  ink  being  faded  in  only  a  few  places.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Edward  Denton,  M.A.,  1588—1614. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Meye.  Foster  says  that  he 
was  the  son  of  Thomas  Denton  who  first  built  Warnall  in 
the  Parish  of  Sebergham :  "  Tabarder  of  Queen's  Coll, 
1566,  B.A.  9  July  1568,  fellow  1569,  M.A.  18  June  1572, 
vicar  of  Ditchling  Sussex  1581-8."  ^  The  Registers  note 
his  burial  thus  :  — 

1614,  Mr.  Edward  Denton,  vicar  was  buried  the  5th  of  October. 
His  wife  was  buried  January  7,  1629-30. 

Anthony  Haydock,  1614 — 1638. 

He  was  collated  Oct.  8,  1614.  Foster  has  the  following, 
but  whether  referring  to  the  person  before  us  he  does 
not  say  :  "  Haydock  Antony  B.A.  from  Magdalen  Hall  27 
May,  1587,  M.A.  9  July,  1590,  son  of  James  of  Greywell, 
Hants."  2     The  Registers  note  his  interment  thus :  — 

1638.     Mr.  Anthony  Haydock  vicar  buryed  the  xix  of  January. 

Jonathan  Goodwin,  M.A.,  1637/8 — 1645. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Potter,  Feb.  27,  1637-S,  and 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ibid. 


Lazonby  3 1 9 

the  place  is  given  as  "  Laysingby,"  ^  His  Induction  took 
place  on  "Mareli  ye  first  16'37-8,"2  and  his  Sequestration 
by  the  Plundered  Ministers'  Committee  about  1645.  In 
this  year  his  name  occurs  in  the  Registers.  Walker  finds 
him  a  place  in  his  list. 

Simon  Atkinson,  1645 — 1660. 

He  signs  the  Registers  as  Yicar  in  January,  1645—6. 
The  following  documents  are  of  the  utmost  importance  on 
several  accounts.  They  give,  among  other  things,  the 
true  reason  for  Goodwin's  Sequestration,  the  date  of  Simon 
Atkinson's  appointment,  the  insistence  of  the  Committee 
upon  the  full  and  regular  payment  of  "  Fifths  "  to  Mrs. 
Goodwin,  and  the  examination  of  Simon  Atkinson  by 
Cromwell's  "  Triers."  These  documents,  and  others  of 
a  similar  character,  serve  to  show  that  the  charge  of 
oppression,  frequently  brought  against  the  Commonwealth 
regime,  has  often  mingled  with  it  considerable  exaggera- 
tion :  — 
Lazonby.  28  Martii  1646. 

Whereas  ye  vicarage  of  ye  parish  church  of  Lazonby  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  standeth  sequestred  by  ye  Comittee  for  ye  sd  County 
from  Jonathan  Goodwin  for  yt  hee  deserted  his  Cure  and  betooke 
himselfe  to  ye  King's  forces  This  Comittee  doe  confirme  ye  sd  seques- 
tracon  to  ye  use  of  some  godly  and  orthodox  divine  And  whereas 
Symon  Atkinson  INIinister  of  ye  word  hath  peticoned  for  Satisfaccon 
for  his  farther  service  of  ye  Cure  of  ye  sd  Church  This  Comittee  doe 
referr  ye  same  to  ye  Comtee  for  ye  sd  County  who  are  desired  to 
exaine  what  tyme  hee  hath  served  ye  sd  Cure  and  to  allow  him  such 
satisfaccon  for  his  sayd  service  out  of  ye  pfitts  of  ye  sd  benefice  as  to 
them  shall  seeme  iust  &  equall.* 

Lazonby.  1  April,   1646. 

Whereas  ye  vicarage  of  ye  Parish  Church  of  Lazonby  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  standeth  sequestred  by  ye  Comtee  for  ye  sd  County 
from  Jonathan  Goodwin  for  deserting  his  Cure  and  betaking  him- 
selfe to  ye  King's  forces  And  ye  sd  Sequestracon  is  by  order  of  this 
Comittee  of  ye  xxviij  of  March  last  Confirmed  to  ye  use  of  some 
godly  and  orthodox  divine  It  is  ordered  yt  Symon  Attkinson  a  Godly 

1.  Institution  Books. 

2.  Parish  Registers. 

3.  Add.   MSS.,  Brit.   Mus.,   15670. 


320  The   Ejected   of  1662 

and  orthodox  Divine  doe  prsently  officiate  ye  Cure  of  ye  sd  Church 
and  preach  diligently  to  ye  pareshioners  there.' 

Lazonby.  Junii  20,  1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  Jane  the  wife  of  Jonathan  Goodwyn 
from  whome  the  vicarage  of  Lazonby  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland 
is  sequestred  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Mrs.  Goodwin  shall  have  for 
&  towards  the  maintennce  of  her  and  her  children  the  full  cleere  5th 
pte  of  all  the  tithes  rents  glebe  lands  &  Easter  booke  of  the  said 
viccarage  (all  taxes  &  charges  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole)  unlesse 
good  cause  be  shown  to  the  contrarie  the  sd  Mr.  Goodwyn  and  his 
wife  yeilding  all  due  obedience  to  the  said  Sequestracon.  The 
examinacon  of  wch  cause  (if  there  be  any)  this  Comittee  doe  referre 
to  the  Cotee  of  Parliamt  for  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  who  are 
desired  to  heare  the  pties  on  both  sides  therein  &  to  call  before  them 
and  examine  the  witnesses  that  shalbe  produced  as  well  for  proofe  of 
the  said  cause  as  on  the  pte  and  behalfe  of  the  sd  Mris.  Goodwin  for 
the  Justifying  of  her  &  of  the  said  paymt  of  the  said  ffifth  pte  &  to 
determine  the  dilferences  betweene  them  if  they  can  or  otherwise  to 
Certifie  the  same  to  this  Cotee. 
Ord.  ye  June  23,   1646.2 

Lazonby  August   19,   1646. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  Symon  Atkinson  Minister 
of  Lazonby  in  the  County  of  Cumbland  this  Coittee  do  declare  and 
order  that  Joane  the  wife  of  Jonathan  Goodwin  from  whom  the 
Rectory  of  Lazonby  aforesd  is  sequestred  shall  have  the  5th  pte  of  the 
profitts  of  the  said  Rectory  from  the  time  that  the  said  Mrs.  Goodwin 
did  pticon  for  the  sd  5th  pte  &  not  before  &  that  all  taxes  and 
charges  be  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole  &  that  the  same  be  paid 
in  money  by  the  sd  Mr.  Atkinson  and  not  in  specie  wch  the  Comittee 
for  the  said  County  are  desired  upon  exacaion  of  pties  on  both  sides 
concerning  the  vallew  of  the  said  Living  to  ascertaine  &  see  paid 
accordingly.  3 

Lazonby  Junii  12,   1647. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  Joane  the  wife  of  Jonathan 
Goodwin  from  whom  the  Vicarage  of  Lazonby  in  the  Countie  of 
Cumberland  is  sequestred  (a  coppy  whereof  is  hereto  annexed)  It  is 
ordered  that  the  said  Mrs.  Goodwyn  shall  have  a  fift  pte  paid  her 
according  as  the  Comittee  of  the  said  Countie  have  value  the  same 
vizt,    after   the   rate  of   seaventy   poundes   a   yeare,    which   the   said 

1.  Bodl.   MS.  322. 

2.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

3.  Ibid. 


Lazonby  321 

Comittee  are  desired  to  see  paid  unto  her  accordingly  togeather  with 
all  arreares  due  from  the  time  that  the  said  fift  pte  was  first  graunted 
her.  And  whereas  it  is  certified  by  the  Comittee  of  the  said  Countie 
that  on  ffrancis  [Symon]  Atkinson  who  is  not  in  orders  hath  intruded 
himselfe  into  the  said  Benefice  and  Church  It  is  ordered  that  he  doe 
Answere  before  this  Cottee  on  the  tenth  day  of  August  next  his  said 
Intrusion.  1 

Newcastle 
upon 

Tyne.         By  the  Comrs.  the  third  day  of  November,  1652. 
Lazonby  & 
Heskett. 

Whereas  Mr.  Symond  Atkinson  being  recomended  for  a  godly  and 
painfull  preacher  and  of  able  guifts  and  knowledg  for  the  worke  of 
the  ilinistry  and  of  approved  Conversacon  for  piety  hath  come  before 
us  and  upon  Tryall  and  examinacon  of  his  guifts  by  Divers  godly 
Ministers  according  to  ye  direcon  of  the  Parliament  is  found  fitt  to 
preach  the  Gospell  of  Jesus  Christ  and  to  be  duly  qualifyed  and 
guifted  for  yt  holy  Imployment  These  are  therefore  by  Vertue  of  the 
power  and  Authority  to  us  given  by  the  Parliament  to  appoint  the 
said  Mr.  Symond  Atkinson  to  preach  att  Lazonby  and  Heskett  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  &  to  bee  Itinerant  in  those  places  And  for 
his  support  &  Mayntenance  It  is  hereby  appointed  and  Ordered  that 
the- vicaridge  of  Lazonby  ye  Tythe  of  petterill  Crookes  ye  reservacon 
rent  of  ye  Tythe  of  Heskett  and  the  proffitts  of  the  proctor  office  of 
Cuthberts  in  Carlisle  with  all  Gleabe  Lands  houses  Tythes  Rents  and 
other  proffitts  to  ye  same  belonging  be  vested  and  setled  upon  the 
said  Symond  Atkinson  And  he  is  hereby  invested  in  the  same  &  as 
lawfully  seized  thereof  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  if  he  had  beene 
instituted  and  inducted  according  to  any  former  Course  of  Law. 
G.  Vane  :  Tho.  Cholmley,  Jo.  Clavering,  Wm.  ffenwick,  Jo.  Ogle 
Wm.  Vane  Lu.  Rillingworth,  Wm.  IMawson,  Tho.  Craister,  Tho. 
Langhorne,  Geo.  Dawson,  Hen.  Horsley,  Edw.  Winter. 
Postscript 

It  is  ye  true  intent  of  ye  Comrs.  that  the  abovesaid  reserved  rent 
of  the  tithe  of  Heskett  is  the  six  poundes  thirteene  Shillinges  &  fouer- 
pence  payable  by  the  Lady  ffletcher  ye  15th  of  March  and  ye  first 
day  of  August. 
Exd.  &  Entr 

Ant.  Parsons.  2 

Lazonby.  The  like  [approval]  for  Mr.  Symon  Atkinson  of  Lazonby 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Dated  att  Whitehall  the  ffifteenth  day  of 
April!  ["Aprill"  is  erased  and  "ffebruary"  inserted]  1665.    Jo.  Nye,  Reg.* 

1.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  1006. 

3.  Ibid.,  968. 


322  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Simon  Atkinson  was  one  of  the  few  men  who  took  the 
Engagement,  the  date  being  Oct.  20,  1649.  Like  many 
of  the  Ministers  of  the  time  he  came  into  conflict  with  the 
Quakers.  In  the  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle,  is  a  scarce 
volume  which  was  intended  to  be  a  reply  to  some  of  his 
utterances.  On  the  first  page,  evidently  by  a  later  hand, 
appears  the  following  :  — 

The  Lamb's  Innocency. 

defended  against  Lyes  and  Slanders  In 

Answer  to  a  second  reply  of  a  Priest 

who  is  called  a  Minister  at  Lazonby 

in  Cumberland,  called  Simon  Atkinson 

who  hath  shewed  his  Wolfish 

nature  against  those  People  called 

Quakers  :  ranking  them  up  with  Papists  &c 

written  in  defence  of  the  Truth  as 

it  is  in  Jesus,  by  a  Foole  to  the  Wisdom 

of  this  World,  who  according  to  measure, 

hath  tasted   and  obtained  of  the 

Wisdom  of  God  :  whose  bodily  name  is 

called  Joseph   Helling. 

[No  Printer's  name  or  place  supplied] 
1658. 

It  is  an  extremely  bitter  production,  and  the  plan 
adopted  is  to  take  the  "  Priest's  "  points  and  reply  to  them 
seriatim.  Evidently  Simon  Atkinson  had  contended  that 
the  similarity  between  the  Quaker  position  and  that  of 
Rome  was  .very  real.  It  was  a  contention  put  forward  by 
not  a  few  who  opposed  the  Quaker  luovement,  and  Helling 
deeply  resented  it.  The  following  extracts  give  a  good 
idea  of  the  character  of  the  work :  — 

Pr.  [Priest],  first  accusation.  The  Babylonish  Merchants  (1  meane 
Papists)  have  their  severall  sorts  of  Wares  to  sell  which  you  nre  their 
onely  chapmen  for,  and  hath  taken  them  of  their  hands  :  That  the 
Common  light  in  all  is  sufficient  to  salvation,  provided  men  doe  not 
stifle  it,  nor  extinguish  it  by  Wilfull  sinning  against  it  :  Sir,  say  not 
you  so  too  ? 

Ans.     This  accusation  is  false  and  confused ;  we  never  was  at  the 
Popish  Colledges   to   learne   a   trade   as  most   of   you   have   bin,    at 
Trinity   Colledge,    Christs   Colledge,   Jesus  Colledge   St.   John's   Col 
ledge   &c.      these  Colledges  was  instituted   by  the   Popes   Law,    and 
named  after  Saints  for  nursing  up  of  Jesuits ;  as  also  your  Churches 


Lazonby  323 

with  the  Popes  Crosses  upon  the  most  of  them  and  called  by  the 
name  of  Saints,  as  St.  Peters  Church,  St.  Pauls  Church  St.  Maries 
Church  &c  so  I  have  not  given  you  a  wrrong  title  viz.  Merchants  of 
Babell,  which  comes  nearer  you  in  the  Ministry,  then  Papists  outward 
tenents. 

Pr.  And  why  should  Pearles  be  cast  before  Swine,  that  will  trample 
them  under  feet  and  turne  again  and  rend  us? 

Ans.  We  doe  not  look  for  Pearles  at  your  hands ;  for  how  can  a 
Fountain  send  forth  at  one  hole  sweet  water  and  bitter?  Or  how 
can  a  lyar  and  a  false  Accuser  comunicate  Pearles?  and  Although 
thou  tearm  us  to  Swine  yet  doe  we  chew  our  Cud,  and  knows  our 
Manna,  the  food  of  life,  and  the  Swine  we  know,  thou  that  feeds 
upon  the  Huske,  putting  the  letter  for  the  word  and  tryall  of  Spirits 
and  for  your  rule  and  not  the  new  Creature.  Therefore,  I  say,  deale 
honestly  with  thy  soull  and  take  heed  that  thou  be  not  found  a 
Swineheard  instead  of  a  Shepherd,  take  notice  of  that  thou  that 
trades  with  the  letter. 

Dealing  later  with  the  Tithe  Question  he  says  :  — 

The  parish  Masters  of  our  dayes  having  got  a  fairer  forme  is  found 
filling  up  the  measures  of  both  Scribes  and  Pharisees  and  the  Papists, 
persecuting  and  fighting  themselves  as  hath  been  proved  and  as  I 
can  witnes  from  Eichard  Gilpyn  of  Graystocke,  who  pushed  me  with 
his  hand,  calling  me  simple  foole  and  threatening  me  with  prison  and 
clapping  by  the  heels  &c  so  to  us  you  are  made  manifest,  and  shall 
no  more  weare  a  rough  garment  (to  deceive)  or  a  black  dyed  Inke 
garment ;  but  the  Lord  will  cut  olf  the  name  of  the  Kimerims,  or  the 
name  of  the  Black  coats ;  so  look  to  it  you  sons  of  the  Sorcerers ;  for 
the  lack  of  Wages  hath  stopped,  and  will  stop  the  mouthes  of  the 
idol  shepherds,  that  calls  the  Scriptures  the  word  of  God  and  Tryall 
of  Spirits. 

Simon  Atkinson's  name  appears  in  the  Registers  as  late 
[as  Nov.,  1659.     The  following  entries  relate  to  members 
)f  his  family  :  — 

1653  Samuell  Atkinson  Sonne  of  Simon  -Atkinson  vicar  and 
Ellinor  his  wife  was  born  the  xxixth  day  of  September. 

1655  Sarah  Atkin.son  daughter  of  Simon  &  Ellinor  his  wife  borne 
the  xiiij  of  Aprill. 

1657  Abigail  Atkinson  daughter  of  Simon  and  Ellinor  his  wife  borne 
ye  same  day  [27]  of  July. 

N'icolson  and  Burn  find  no  place  in  their  History  for 
[Simon  Atkinson,  nor  does  Hutchinson  in  his,  whilst 
iWhellan  and  Jefferson  simply  give  the  name  without  date. 


324  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Calamy   places  him  among    his    Ejected    Ministers    and 
gives  the  following  brief  account  of  him :  — 

Lasenby  :  Mr.  Simon  Atkinson.  A  very  Acute  Man,  and  of  a 
good  Judgment.  Especially  Nice  in  his  School  Learning.  He  dy'd 
in  Sept.  1694  upon  a  Cold  caught  Travelling  from  Penrith,  where 
he  Preach'd  at  the  opening  of  a  Lecture,  encourag'd  by  Dr.  Thomas 
Gibson  of   Hatton   Garden  in  London.' 

As  in  the  case  of  so  many  others,  Simon  Atkinson's 
Ejection  appears  to  have  taken  place  in  1660,  and  he  was 
one  of  few  who  remained  in  the  neighbourhood  after  that 
event.  He  figures  both  in  the  Conventicle  Returns  of 
1669,  the  Indulgence  Licenses  of  1672  and  the  Presenta- 
tions of  1670-1678.  His  home  was  in  the  Hesket  district, 
and  he  ranks  with  Gilpin  and  others  as  one  of  the 
Founders  of  Nonconformity  in  the  County.^ 

In  the  Hayton  and  Crosby  Registers  respectively  appear 
the  following :  — 

Simond  Atkinson  in  the  parish  of  Crosbie  and  Jane  Skollecke  wid. 
in  the  parish  of  Hayton  Marred  the  xviij  dale  of  Aprill  1667. 

1687-8.  Weddng  ffeb.  4  Tho.  Wilson  &  Jane  Atkinson  of  Lazonby 
Married  by  Licence  1687-8. 

Probably  the  latter  was  a  connection  of  the  Minister; 
but  whether  the  other  was  we  do  not  know.    The  Atkinsons, 
however,  were  a  prominent  family  about  the  Brampton 
district. 
Jonathan  Goodwin,  M.A.,  1660 — 1661. 

His  Petition  in  June,  1660,  to  the  House  of  Lords  for 
restoration  to  his  living  is  as  follows :  — 
To  the  right  honorble  the  Lords  assembled  in  Parliament. 
The  humble  Peticon  of  Jonathan  Goodwin  CI.  &  Vicar  of  the  pish  of 
Lazonby  in  the  County  of  Cumberland. 
Shewith. 

That  yor  petionr  haveing  for  twenty  yeares  last  past  beene  lawfull 
minister  and  viccar  of  the  pish  of  Lazonby  aforesaid  hath  beene 
sequestred  and  ejected  without  due  Course  of  Law  in  the  tyme  of 
these  late  warrs  for  his  Loyalty  to  his  Matie. 

Ydr  petionr  therefore  humbly  prayeth  that  the  tythes 
Gleabes  and  other  pfitts  belonging  to  the  said  Viccarage 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   158. 

2.  Vide  pp.  1253,  1258. 


Lazonby  .  325 

may  be  stayed  and  secured  in  the  hands  of  the  Church- 
wardens and  Ouerseers  of  the  poore  of  the  said  pish 
untill  yor  petitionrs  tytle  thereto  be  tryed  by  due 
Course  of  Law,  or  further  Ordr  of  Parliamt  by  Order 
from  yr  handes. 
And  yor  Petionr  shall  dayly 
pray  &c. 

Johnathan  Goodwin. 
[What  follows  is  in  a  different  hand  from  the  rest.] 
I  know  the  petitioner  to  be  an  able  and  conscientious  Divine  and 
Certefy  that  the  Contents  there  are  true  and  that  he  was  put  out  of 
the  said  place  for  his  loyalty  to  the  King. 
LANCELOTT  WALKEE. 

Eichard  Singleton. 

Capt.  Lancelott  Walker  of  Torpennoe  in  Cumberland. 

[On  the  outside  of  the  document]  : — 

ddi  [delivered]  28  July  1660  Mr.  Jonathan  Goodwin 
Gierke 
Peticon.^ 

A  person  of  this  name  compounded  in  1657  for  his  First 
Fruits  as  follows  :  — 

November  1657. 
Nottingham        Bound   William   Tomlinson  of         In  hand  xvijli 

E.  Barton       Martins    in    the    ffields    Taylor     ffirst  May  1658      ixs.  iiijd. 
in  the  and     Thomas     Savage     of     St.     ffirst  Nov.  1658 

Beaves  Thomas  Appostles  Lond.  ffirst  May  1659 

ffor  Jonathan  Godwyn  CI.  [Clerk].^ 

Can  this  be  the  Sequestered  Vicar  of  Lazonby?  The 
similarity  of  name  is  not  decisive,  but  it  is  significant; 
and  it  is  the  sort  of  thing  that  happened  in  several  cases. 
If  the  surmise  be  correct  it  is  evidence  of  the  easier  lot  of 
the  Sequestered  than  is  often  supposed. 

Jonathan  Goodwin's  petition  met  with  success ;  but  when 
he  returned  to  his  living  at  Lazonby  he  must  have  been 
an  old  man.  He  remained  therefore  only  a  short  time, 
resigning  in  May,  1661.  ^ 

Egbert  Symson  or  Simpsox,  1661 — 1668. 

He  signs  the  Registers  March,  1660-1 ;  but  his  collation 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library,  H.M.C.,  Seventh  Eeport,  Pt.  i,  p.  106. 

2.  Composition  Books  (Eecord  Office),  No.  22,  1656—1660. 

3.  Episcopal  Eegister,  Carlisle. 


326  .     The    Ejected   of   1662 

by  Bishop  Sterne  was  on  May  8,  1661,  and  Induction  on 
June  4tli,  1661.  He  read  the  Articles,  etc.,  on  June  9th, 
being  the  first  vSunday  after  his  Induction.  There  appear 
to  have  been  two  persons  of  this  name,  in  this  neighbour- 
hood, at  this  time,  and  the  fact  has  given  rise  to  some 
confusion.  Foster  has  the  following :  "  Simpson  Robert 
(Symson)  'Ser.'  Queen's  Coll.  matric.9  Dec.  1653,  B.A.  18, 
July  1657;  vicar  of  Lazonby,  Cumberland,  1661,  and 
rector  of  Long  Marton,  Westmorland,  1661,  and  perhaps 
vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  1668,  and  rector  of  Wark- 
worth,  Northumberland,  1686."  ^  All  after  "  perhaps  " 
should  certainly  be  deleted ;  for  the  Registers  show  that 
Robert  Simpson  "  Yicar  "  died,  in  1668,  and  was  "  buryed 
the  xiiij  day  of  October." 
John  Simpson,  B.A.,  1668—1680. 

Foster  again  says  :  "  Ser.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  26  Oct. 
1660,  B.A.  1665  :  vicar  of  Lazonby,  Cumberland,  1668, 
rector  of  Ormside,  Westmorland,  1680."  ^  He  was 
collated  Nov.  2,  1668 ;  and  inducted  on  "  ye  24th  day  of 
November  "  following. 
Robert  Hume,  M.A.,  1680—1703. 

He  was  collated  to  Lazonby,  Mar.  26,  1680;  and 
inducted  on  April  19  following.  He  was  at  Crosby-on- 
Eden  in  1670.3  His  son,  Timothy,  went  from  Sedbergh 
School  to  St.  John's,  Cambridge,  entering  there  in  1704 
at  the  age  of  20.  ^ 
George  Parker,  M.A.,  1703 — 1737. 

He  was  from  Glasgow  University,  collated  Oct.  18, 
1703,  and  inducted  Nov.  17  following,  by  Thomas  Nevin- 
son.  Vicar  of  Torpenhow,  His  marriage  with  Mary 
Symson,  probably  daughter  of  Barnabas  Simpson,  is  thus 
given  in  the  Long  Marton  Registers :  — 

1706  October  1st  Mr.  George  Parker  vicar  of  Lazonby  in  Cumber- 
land and  Mrs.  Mary  Symson  of  Long  Marton  was  marryed  by  Mr. 
Wickins  at  Kirkby  Thore. 

He  died  in  1737. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Vide  p.  206. 

4.  Sedbergh .  School  Kegister,  p.   115. 


II.     HESKET-IN-THE-FOEEST. 

A  very  extensive  Parish  including  quite  a  number  of 
Townships,  and  bordered  on  the  east  by  the  Parish  of 
Lazonby.  The  Church,  dedicated  to  St.  Mary,  is  situated 
in  High  Hesket,  the  nearest  railway  station  being  South- 
waite.  Dr.  Todd  relates,  as  a  tradition,  that  "  the  first 
erection  of  a  chapel  here  was  about  the  year  1530,  when 
an  infectious  distemper  raging  in  the  country,  and  the 
people  bringing  their  dead  as  usual  to  be  buried  within 
the  city  of  Carlisle,  the  mayor. and  citizens  shut  the  gates 
upon  them,  and  from  the  walls  advised  them  to  carry 
back  the  corpse  and  bury  the  same  at  a  place  then  called 
Walling  Stone;  and  that  if  they  did  so,  and  complied  with 
their  advice,  they  and  others  would  endeavour  to  prevail 
with  the  bishop  of  the  diocese,  to  have  a  chapel  built  and 
consecrated  there,  which  would  be  of  perpetual  use  to 
them  and  their  posterity.  And  on  their  complying  with 
this  proposal,  as  soon  as  the  plague  was  ceased,  a  chapel 
was  built,  and  the  then  bishop  (John  Kite)  attended  by 
Sir  Christopher  Dacre,  knight,  Sir  John  Lowther,  knight, 
and  a  great  number  of  gentlemen  and  others  of  the  country 
and  neighbourhood,  did  in  a  solemn  manner  consecrate  it 
and  the  church  or  chapel  yard  and  by  proclamation  set  out 
and  fixed  the  bounds  thereof."^  "All  which,"  remark 
Nicolson  and  Burn,  "  perhaps  may  amount  to  this,  that 
the  church  or  chapel  was  then  rebuilt,  and  had  then  first 
the  right  of  sepulture  granted  to  it."  - 

In  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned  it  was  a  mere 
Chapelry  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Mary's,  Carlisle,  it  being 
the  duty  of  the  latter  to  supply  it  with  religious  provision. 
The  Historians  make  no  attempt  at  a  list  of  Curates.  The 
Registers  begin  in  1662,  the  first  volume  being  long, 
narrow,  and  of  parchment.     It  is  in  fair  condition;  the 

1.  Leath  Ward,  by  Jefferson,  p.  209. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  339. 


328  The   Ejected   of   1662 

writing  is  a  little  faded  in  places,  but  with  labour  the 
entries  can  be  deciphered.     It  begins  thus:  — 

Heskett  Regester 

Booke 

Anno  Dom   1662 

Chrestenings. 

The    second   volume   is    of   paper    and    is   much   more 
dilapidated.     It  begins    in    1693.     The    following    is    an 
imperfect  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 
Simon  Atkinson,  1652. 

For  a  time  at  least  Hesket  and  Lazonby  were  worked 
together.  That  was  the  arrangement  which  held  during 
part  of  Simon  Atkinson's  ministry  at  Lazonby.  It  would 
appear  that  after  his  Ejection  he  kept  to  the  neighbourhood 
of  Hesket,  and  towards  the  end  of  his  life  made  his  home 
at  Calthwaite.  Calamy  gives  correctly  the  date  of  his 
death,  ^  but  it  does  not  seem  to  have  been  known  where  he 
was  interred.  This,  however,  is  settled  by  the  Hesket 
Registers,  which  give  the  following  :  — 

1694  Cathwaite   Simon  Atkinson,   Clerk  was  buried   Sept  6th. 

The  following  also  probably  refers  to  his  wife  :  — 

1696  ffrances  Atkinson  was  buried  June   18th. 

John  Pearson,  1659. 

The  authority  for  this  is  the  following :  — 

Hesketh.  March  2d  1659. 

Whereas  ye  Chappell  of  Hesketh  is  within  ye  parish  of  Maries  in 
Carlisle  &  the  Cure  of  the  said  parish  Church  &  Chappell  is  under 
the  care  of  these  Trustees  ye  Rectory  of  Maries  aforesaid  Being 
parcell  of  ye  possions  of  ye  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  Ordered 
that  the  yearely  Sume  of  Threescore  &  ten  poundes  be  graunted  to 
&  for  increase  of  the  Maintennce  of  Mr.  John  Pearson  this  day  Setled 
Ministr  of  the  said  Chappell  To  hold  from  this  psent  second  day  of 
March  for  such  time  as  he  shall  continue  faithfully  to  discharge  ye 
duty  of  Ministr  of  the  said  place  or  further  ordr  And  that  Mr. 
Edmund  Branthwayte  Recr.  doe  pay  the  same  unto  him  Accordingly 
out  of  ye  pticulars  following  vizt.  ye  yearely  sume  xxli  out  of  the  rents 
and  profitts  of  ye  tithes  of  Plimpton  the  further  yearely  sume  of  ixli  & 
xs  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts  of  the  tithes  of  Armithwayte  &  Nunclose 
the  further  yearely  sume  of  viijli  xiijs  iiijd  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts 

1.  Vide  p.  324. 


Hesket-in-the-Forest  329 

of  the  tithes  of  Potterell  Crookes  &  the  further  yearely  sume  of  xxvijli 
vjs  viijd  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts  of  the  tithes  of  Upper  Hesketh  & 
Nether  Hesketh  all  in  ye  pish  of  Hesketh  aforesaid  &  parcell  of  the 
possions  of  the  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  the  leases  of  which 
tithes  are  lately  expired. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Geo.  Cowper  Ri  Yong. 
Wm  Skynner  Jo.  Pocock.^ 
A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Brigham  in  1661,  and 
Great  Orton  in  1665. ^ 
Christopher  Rickerby,  1675. 

In  the  Registers  occurs  the  following  :  — 

1675  John  Slack  and  Jane  Garth  were  married  att  Armathwaite 
Chappell  by  Mr.  Rickerby  3d  of  ffebruary. 

Armathwaite  Chapel  was  erected  by  Richard  Skelton 
soon  after  the  Restoration ;  and  by  his  Will  he  gave  .£100 
for  its  endowment.  "  It  is  supposed,"  say  Nicolson  and 
Burn,  "  it  had  been  an  ancient  Chapel  long  before  his 
time,  and  that  he  only  rebuilt  it."  ^  Christopher  Rickerby 
was  Schoolmaster  at  Lazonby,  in  1672,  and,  about  that 
time  also,  Curate  at  Armathwaite  Chapel.*  The  habit  of 
poetizing,  and  especially  anagrammatic  poetizing,  appears 
to  have  been  much  practised  by  the  Ministers  of  those 
days,  and  among  the  pieces  written  in  1672  in  praise  of 
Mary  Wilson,  "  the  Yirgin  Saint,"  is  one  from  the  pen 
of  Christopher  Rickerby.  The  conjecture  is  hazarded, 
but  it  is  only  a  conjecture,  that  in  addition  to  Armath- 
waite he  may  have  served  Hesket.  It  would,  at  any  rate, 
appear  that  later  some  association  of  the  two  places  existed, 
though  it  is  not  easy  to  define  its  character.  Bishop 
Nicolson,  writing  of  Armathwaite  in  1703,  says  :  — 

The  present  Rascally  Curate  (Mr.  Hodgson,  Vicar  of  Ainstable) 
has  carryed  off  the  Lock  and  Key,  where  the  Books  and  other 
Utensils,  given  in  the  year  1670,  are  kept  :  and  lets  all  go  to  Wrack. 

He  adds :  — 

There  are  no  Burials  here,  nor  many  Christenings ;  the  Register  for 
both  being  kept  by  the  Curate  of  Hesket.5 

1.  Lambeth   MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),   987. 

2.  Vide  pp.  231,  754. 

3.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  342. 

4.  Ibid. 

5.  Miscel.,  94. 


330  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Christopher  Rickerby  was  subsequently  at  Cumrew  and 
Castle  Carrock.  1 

William  Barrow,  1680. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Aug.  17,  1662,  and  Priest 
Sep.  20,  1663.     The  Registers  contain  the  following:  — 

1680  Mr.  Wm.  Barrow,  Curate  of  Heskett  Sept.  [Sepultus]  6  Julij. 
Two  days  after  we  get  the  following  :  — 

1680  Thomas  Sawor  and  ffrances  Robinson  married  by  Horneby 
8  Julij. 

We  have  no  information  about  "  Horneby,"  but  possibly 
he  was  merely  called  in  to  do  temporary  duty. 

Thomas  Wells,  1680—1710. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  here  in  1680.  The  following 
entries  occur  in  the  Registers  :  — 

•    1681  John  Rumney  CI.   &  Issabell   Sand'son  were  married  the  9th 

May  by  Mr.  Wells. 

1685  Hillehouse,  Robert  ye  son  of  Thomas  Wells  &  Mary  his  wife 

was  borne  Jan.  25  &  bap.  ffeb.  3rd  1685. 

Hill  houses  1710. 
Mr.  Thomas  Wells  curate  of  Heskett  dyed  ye  31st  of  Augt  &  was 

Buried  at  Heskett  Church  on  ye  2d  of  September  1710. 

Thomas  Wells  was  one  of  few  men  about  whom  Bishop 
Nicolson,  on  his  Visitation,  in  1703,  had  a  good  word  to 
say:  — 

The  Curate  (Mr.  Wells)  is  Regular  in  his  own  person ;  and  keeps 
the  parishioners  in  the  like  Order.  He's  forced  to  stand  throughout 
the  whole  Service,  in  the  Reading-Desk ;  and  has  neither  Gleab  nor 
House  annex'd  to  his  Curacy.  He  resides  on  a  purchased  Tenement 
of  his  own  at  Sceugh ;  about  two  miles  from  the  Church.2 

It  appears  that  once  a  month  he  was  accustomed  to  go 
to  Wreay  when  "  yir  Parish  Clerk  preaches  "  to  the  Hesket 
people.  3 

To  this  may  be  appended  the  following  about  the 
Schoolmaster :  — 

1692  Church  Town  John  the  Son  of  John  Malleson  Scholemr.  was 
bapt.  Nov.  2.  4 

1.  Vide  pp.  265,  269. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.  93. 

3.  Nicolson's  Diary,  Trans  (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  9. 
4-  Hesket  Register. 


III.     KIEKOSWALD. 

Dignified  with  the  name  of  "  town,"  this  place  lies  about 
a  mile  north  east  of  Lazonby  up  the  Raven  Valley.  The 
ruins  of  a  castle,  formerly  the  seat  of  the  Dacre  family, 
are  a  conspicuous  object,  and  a  college  of  considerable 
importance  was  once  among  its  attractions.  The  Church, 
a  quaint  structure,  at  the  foot  of  a  hill,  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Oswald,  and  thus  gives  the  name  to  the  place.  It  is 
unique  in,  at  least,  one  respect :  "  The  campanile  or  bell- 
tower,  a  low  square  building  containing  three  bells,"  ^ 
stands  on  the  summit  of  the  hill  at  the  bottom  of  which  the 
Church  is  situated.  Its  Registers,  which  have  been 
recently  published,  date  from  1577.  The  County  Histories 
are  quite  disappointing  in  reference  to  the  Incumbent  list. 
Nicolson  and  iiurn  give  one  name  only  for  the  years  1561 
to  1668,  and  after  the  latter  date  simply  add :  "  George 
Yeates,  rector  of  Croglin,  had  a  license  to  serve  this  cure, 
by  way  of  sequestration  in  the  hands  of  the  bishop,  it  not 
being  worth  the  expence  of  a  presentation  under  the  great 
seal."  2  Fortunately  the  Registers  come  to  our  assistance, 
though  care  needs  to  be  taken  or  they  may  lead  consider- 
ably astray.  It  would  appear  that  where  "  clerk "  or 
"  clericus  "  is  used,  we  are  to  understand  a  Minister  of 
some  kind  or  other;  but,  as  the  Nonconformist  Ministers 
of  the  neighbourhood  buried  and  baptized  here  it  is 
necessary  to  discriminate.  The  Parish  Clerk  is  distin- 
guished by  the  words  "  Parish  "  or  "  Register."  The 
following  is  the  list  as  far  as  can  be  ascertained  :  — 

James  Shepherd,  1566 — 1577. 

According  to  the  Institution  Books  he  was  instituted 
July  3,  1566.  These  give  "  Kirkoswald  R.  271i  17s-0  " ; 
and   again,    "  Kirkoswald  Y.   81i-0-0,"   the   latter  being 

1.  Hist,  of  Leath  Ward,  Jefferson,  p.   285. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  428. 


332  The   Ejected   of   1662 

against  the  name  of  '"  Jacobus  Shepherd."     The  Registers 
record  his  burial  thus  :  — 

Anno  Dni  1577 — Shippeard  Vicar  buryed  xth  of  Maye. 

Thomas  Carter,  1592—1601. 

He  was,  at  least,  here  in  1592,  as  the  following  from 
the  Registers  makes  clear  :  — 

Christnyngs  Anno  Dni   1592.     Willm   sonne   to  Sr   Thomas  Carter 

ixth  Aprill. 

How  long  he  had  been  here  at  this  time  we  do  not  know. 
He  remained  until  his  death  in  1601,  the  following  being 
a  notice  of  his  burial :  — 

Thomas  Carter  Clerke  vicar  of  Kyrkoswald  beryed  the  xvi  of  Jan.(?) 

John  Allan,  1607. 

In  the  list  of  christenings  for  this  year  appears  the 
following  :  — 

Ane  daughter  to  John  Allam  Clerke  bapt  the  xxviiith  of  Ffebruarye. 

A  son  "  Ffrancis  "  was  baptized  Dec.  12,  1609.  In  1611, 
John  Allan  appears  as  Rector  of  Croglin ;  but  whether  he 
had  charge  also  of  Kirkoswald  is  not  clear. 

Wm.  Bewman,  1614. 

This  name  is  inserted  tentatively  on  the  authority  of 
the  Exchequer  Depositions.  Unfortunately,  the  informa- 
tion supplied  is  extremely  scanty.  Only  the  name 
of  the  place  "  Kirkoswald,"  the  date  of  the  Inquisition 
"  1614,"  and  the  matter  in  dispute  "  Manor  of  Wm. 
Bewman,  clerk,"  are  given.^  The  Bowmans,  probably  the 
same  as  the  Bewmans,  appear  frequently  in  the  Registers 
of  this  and  even  earlier  dates ;  and  evidently  they  were  a 
family  of  considerable  importance. 

WiLLLiM  Wilson,  1636. 

In  the  Registers  we  have  the  following  :  — 
John  sonn  to  Willm  Wilson  Clark  was  buried  the  28th  of  July  1636. 

A  son,  Robert,  was  baptized  April  13th,  1637,  and  the 
daughters,  "  Jaune  and  Ann,"  on  Feby.  5,  1639-40. 
Foster  has  the  following,  which  may  well  refer  to  the 
person  in  question,  as  the  Wilsons  appear  to  have  been 

1.  Exchequer  Dep.  8/c  (Record  Office). 


r 


Kirkoswald  S33 

long  connected  with  Kirkoswald  and  district :    "  Wilson 
William  of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  April, 
1594,  aged  16,  B.A.  24  April  1599,  M.A.  30  June  1602."  i 
A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Haile  in  1657.  ^ 

Egbert  Milburn,  1647. 

Possibly  the  following  from  Foster  refers  to  this  person  : 
"  Milborne  llobert  of  Cumberland  sacerd.  fil.  Queen's  Coll 
matric.  21  Nov.  1628,  aged  18."  ^  Appended  are  entries 
in  the  Registers  as  follows  :  — 

1648,  March  29  Maria  Milborne  filia  Bob  baptizt. 

1648  Decemb.   10  Leo.   Milborne  fils.   Robert  Clerici  sepultus. 

1649-50,  January — Prizilla  Milborne  filia  Roberti  de  Kirkoswald 
bap. 

1650-1  Ffebruary  Mr.  Robert  Milburne  de  Kirkoswald  sepult. 

April  1657  2th  Grizilla  daughter  to  Mrs.  Milburne  of  Kirkoswld 
buryed. 

In  addition  to  these  the  Addingham  Registers  give  the 
following  :  — 

Baptism  [about  1643]  Lewes  Milburne  son  of  Robert  Milburne. 

and  the  Hay  ton  Registers  note  the  marriage  of  Richard 

Milburn  by  Nathaniel  Burnand  in  1657.  * 

It  is   suggested  that  Robert   Milburn  was   the   son   of 

Leonard  of  Ousby  and  Skelton,^  and  brother  to  Thomas, 

who  matriculated  the  same  day  as  Robert,  took  his  B.A. 

in  1631,  and  M.A.  in  1634.6 

The     following     document    is     somewhat     ambiguous. 

Whether  the  Church  v/as  vacant  or  the  Minister  had  only 

to  be  approved  by  the  Commissioners  does  not  appear :  — 
Kirkoswould.  Decembr  21,  1649. 

By  vertue  of  an  ordr  of  Parleament  of  ye  Second  of  May  1646  It  is 
ordered  that  the  yearely  Sume  of  fifty  pounds  bee  paid  out  of  the 
Tithes  of  the  Impropriate  rectory  of  Kerkoswould  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland    Sequestred    from    Sr.    Timothy    FetTierstonhaugh   Delin- 

1.  AI.  Ox      ~ 

2.  Vide  p.  831. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Vide  p.  287. 

5.  Vide  pp.  387,  479. 

6.  The  Flemings  in  Oxford,  p.  2  and  note  10 ;  also  Al.  Ox. 


334  The   Ejected    of    1662 

quent  for  the  increase  of  the  maintenance  of  such  Minister  as  the 
Comtee  shall  approve  of  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  Parish  Church 
of  Kerkoswould  aforesaid  the  present  maintenance  of  the  said  Church 
being  not  worth  above  eight  pounds  per  ann.  and  the  Sequestrators 
of  the  premisses  are  required  to  pay  the  same  accordingly  at  such 
tymes  and  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  same  shall  grow  due  and  payable. ' 

John  Davis,  1657. 

In  the  Registers  we  get  the  following :  — 

September  1657  29th  Mr.  John  Davis  preacher  of  the  Word  att 
Kirkoswald  and  Renwick  and  Mrs.  Anna  Ridgeley  de  Newcastle 
marry  ed. 

Calamy  gives  an  interesting  account  of  this  man.  He 
says  that  he  was  born  in  Worcestershire,  "  bred  at 
Oxford,"  2  sent  by  Cromwell  to  supply  places  in  the  north, 
settled  first  at  Kirkoswald,  where  his  ministry  was  very 
useful,  and  afterwards  removed  to  By  well  in  Northum- 
berland, which  was  greatly  in  want  of  "  a  faithful 
minister,''  while  "  Kirkoswald  had  several."  The  Uni- 
formity Act  silenced  him  at  Bywell  and  he  lived  for  a 
time  at  Weldon,  or  Walton,  about  three  miles  distant, 
"where  he  preaeh'd  all  the  Time  of  the  Severities  in  K. 
Charles's  Reign,  sometimes  in  his  own  House,  and  some- 
times at  Sir  Wm.  Middleton's  at  Belsay :  sometimes  at 
Mr.  Bourflower's  at  Apperly,  and  sometimes  at  other 
places."  Though  of  the  "  Congregational  Way,"  he  had 
*'  a  general  Hespect  from  those  of  different  Perswasions. 
He  was  a  lover  of  all  good  Men,  and  all  good  men  lov'd 
him."  In  Mr.  Henry  Hudson  of  Newbiggin,  a  Baptist,  he 
had  a  warm  friend,  "  who  took  Care  of  his  Son's  Educa- 
tion whom  he  left  Fatherless  at  Five  years  of  age;  and 
continu'd  his  kindness  to  him  also  after  his  Entrance  on 
the  ministry."  After  being  silenced  he  was  strongly 
urged  by  an  elder  brother  to  conform,  and  on  refusing  to 
do  so  was  utterly  disowned  by  him.  He  had  a  great 
affection  for  his  people  at  Kirkoswald  and  visited  them 
frequently ;  he  took  "  many  painful  Journeys  over  the 
Mountains,  not  regarding  the  Weather,  to  the  good  people 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,   326. 

2.  Fellow   of   Magd.    Coll.,    Camb.,   according  to  Randal   (vide   Non. 
Mem.,  vol.  iii,  p.   60). 


Kirkoswald  335 

in  Weresdale  and  Allendale  where  he  did  much  good." 
On  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  "  licensed  several 
houses  and  was  continually  going  from  place  to  place  to 
preach  the  word."  Among  his  friends  he  was  able  to 
count  "  old  Sir  Wm  Blacket  of  Newcastle."  In  the 
"  Conformists  Fourth  Plea  for  the  Nonconformists,"  the 
author  "  speaking  of  some  Ministers  that  to  avoid  Offence 
and  Dangers,  and  to  shew  poor  Souls  the  Way  to  Ever- 
lasting Life,  went  under  the  Protection  and  Concealment 
of  the  Darkness  of  the  Night  and  preach'd  and  pray'd  in 
Caves  and  Pits,  venturing  their  Health  and  Lives  to  save 
Sinners  from  everlasting  Destruction,  mentions  Mr.  Davis 
of  Cumberland  as  preaching  in  one  of  them,  and  getting 
a  Cold  that  prov'd  mortal,  leaving  six  Children  to  the 
Charity  of  good  People,  and  particularly  to  the  Care  of 
Mr.  Pichard  AVilson,  a  Gentleman  of  a  small  Estate,  but 
of  great  Piety  and  Usefulness  in  the  North,  and  one  who 
had  like  to  have  been  ruin'd  on  the  35th.  of  Eliz.  I 
suppose  this  Mr.  John  Davis  was  the  Person  intended."  ^ 
Calamy  further  says  that  he  was  "  a  Man  of  exemplary 
Piety  and  Prudence  and  dy'd  as  he  had  liv'd,  with  Comfort 
and  in  Peace,  in  the  year  1676,  and  of  his  Age  50." 
Foster  gives  quite  a  number  of  persons  of  the  name  of 
John  Davis,  or  Davies,  trained  at  Oxford;  but  he  makes 
no  attempt  to  identify  any  of  them  with  the  Kirkoswald 
Minister.  Quite  appropriately  Calamy  puts  the  accent 
strongly  on  the  sufferings  of  John  Davis.  The  Cocker- 
mouth  Church  Book  throws  additional  light  upon  this 
matter.  The  following  has  been  extracted  from  it:  — 
The  20th  of  the  said  Mo  :  (being  the  Lords  day)  [March  1669—70] 
on  [one]  Mr.  Nicholson  Teacher  of  the  Ch  :  abt.  Kirkoswald  carried 
on  the  worke  of  the  day.  After  both  exercises  there  was  a  Collection 
for  a  distressed  Minster  (one  Mr.  Jo.  Davyes)  the  Ch  :  gathered 
36s  lOd. 

In  his  History  of  the  Cockermouth  Congregational 
Church,  Mr.  Lewis  prints  a  letter  from  George  Larkham 
which  appears  in  Thomas  Larkham's  Diary.  He  heads 
it  "  to  the  Minister  at  Crossfield,"  which  was  the  residence 

1.  Calamy,  vols,  ii,  p.  518,  and  iii,  p.  684  :  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  iii,  p.  60. 


336  The   Ejected   of    1662 

of  Eichard  Wilson,   father  of   Mary  Wilson,    and  John 
Davis's  generous  and  faithful  friend.     The  writer  says  :  — 

I  recd  yrs  long  since,  am  glad  that  or  poore  mite  was  acceptable  .  . 
It  is  comfortable  to  us  to  heare  That  yu  reckon  not  wt  yu  have 
Suffered,  That  your  Spirits  are  above  your  losses,  wt  you  write  of 
being  or  debtrs  as  also  of  yr  readinesse  to  serve  us  in  the  same  way 
of  duty  and  Love,  we  say,  you  are  not  indebted  to  us  at  all  .  .  you 
may  perceive  the  Fame  of  yr  Sufferings  is  Spreed  abroad,  and  you 
are  much  upon  the  hearts  of  those  yt  have  heard  of  you,  and  of  yr 
losses  .  .  .  Fare  ye  well  in  the  Lord ;  and  let  it  be  said  of  Crosefield 
Jehovah  Shama. 

Yr.  affectionate  Xtian  bro. 
G.  L. 

If  this  were,  as  Mr.  Lewis  suggests,  sent  to  a  Minister, 
John  Davis  would  be  the  one;  but  the  address  is  not  in 
the  original,  and  there  is  nothing  to  show  that  it  was  meant 
for  any  one  but  Eichard  Wilson  and  his  family.  The 
date  also  is  slightly  illegible,  the  MS.  being  somewhat 
frayed  at  this  point.  All  that  can  be  deciphered  is  "  the 
31st  of  the  —mo.  71." 

It  is  extremely  difficult  to  follow  the  ministerial  thread 
in  relation  to  this  district  through  these  years,  because 
from  1653  onwards  there  was  "  a  gathered  church  "  of  the 
"  Congregational  persuasion,"  "  in  and  abt  Kirkoswald."  ^ 
That  phrase  occurs  several  times  in  the  Cockermouth 
Congregational  Church  Book,  and  is  clearly  quite  inten- 
tional. Here  as  in  the  case  of  Cockermouth  itself,  the 
Church  was  the  Church  of  a  district  rather  than  of  a 
particular  place,  Kirkoswald,  Huddlesceugh,  Parkhead, 
Melmerby  and  Eenwick  being  included ;  and,  in  the 
account  of  John  Davis  from  Calamy  just  given,  it  is  said 
that  there  were  several  Ministers.  The  Cockermouth 
Church  appointed  Brother  Benson,  the  Vicar  of  Bridekirk, 
Brother  Blethwaite  and  Brother  Bolton,  on  Nov.  19,  1653, 
"  as  chosen  men  to  go  to  ye  Chu.  gathered  in  &  abt 
Kirkoswald  at  ye  ordinaon  of  their  Pastour."  Unfortu- 
nately the  name  of  the  Pastor  is  not  given.  On  March 
26,     1658,    the    Cockermouth    Church    again    appointed 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 


Kirkoswald  2)2>7 

"  Brother  Benson  and  Bro.  Eaglesfield "  to  be  their 
"  Messengers "  to  the  Church  "  about  Kirkoswald,"  in 
connection  with  the  ordination  of  "  one  of  their  members 
(Mr.  John  Daviss)  as  a  Teaching  elder  among  them."  l 
In  the  next  Chapter  more  will  appear  in  relation  to  this 
gathered  Church  "  in  and  about  Jvirkoswald." 

Precisely  what  happened  here  on  the  passing  of  the 
Act  of  Uniformity  is  not  clear.  John  Davis  had  gone 
and  who  succeeded,  if  any  one  did  so,  immediately,  has 
not  been  ascertained ;  but  it  will  be  convenient  in  this 
place  to  give  an  account  of  George  Nicholson,  who  played 
a  prominent  part  in  the  history  of  Nonconformity  in  this 
district,  and,  who,  if  any  one,  must  be  regarded  as  the 
Ejected  Minister  of  Kirkoswald. 

George  Nicholson,  1661. 

He  was  a  native  of  Kirkoswald,  his  baptismal  entry  in 
the  Registers  appearing  thus  :  — 

1636  George  sonn  to  John  Nycholson  was  bap  the  xxth  of  November. 

He  went  to  Oxford  University  and  respecting  him 
Foster  gives  the  following :  "  Ser'  Magdalen  Coll.  matric 
15  June  1657,  chorister  1658-61,  sometime  minister  at 
Melmerby,  at  Glassenbury,  and  Kirkoswald  in  Cumber- 
land; licensed  as  a  '  Congregational  minister,'  preached  at 
Huddleskew,  until  his  death  20  Aug.,  1697  aged  about 
60."  2  jje  did  not  proceed  to  any  degree.  Calamy's 
account  of  him  is  full  and  interesting,  and  may  be  sum- 
marised thus  :  — A  little  before  the  Bartholomew  Act  was 
passed  he  came  down  into  Cumberland  and  took  charge 
of  the  Church  at  Melmerby  which  Mr.  Hopkins  resigned 
into  his  hands.  By  the  connivance  of  Lewis  West,  who 
succeeded  Mr.  Broadley  at  Glassenby,  he  preached  for 
about  a  year  at  Glassenby  and  Kirkoswald,  Mr.  West, 
then  a  Prebendary  at  Carlisle,  thinking  to  "  draw  him 
into  Conformity  by  mildness  and  fair  Promises  of  the 
great  things  he  would  do  for  him."  At  Kirkoswald  a 
Curate  "  set  on  by  others,"  on  one  occasion  when  George 
Nicholson    was   praying   before   his   sermon,   "  began   the 

1.  Wrongly  given  as  John  Jany  in  Lewis's  History,  p.  22. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

W 


338  The    Ejected   of    1662 

Common  Prayer,  but  ceas'd  upon  perceiving  a  general 
dislike  of  it."  After  the  Act  which  "  kept  him  out  of  the 
Publick  Churches  unless  he  Conform'd  "  he  "  Preach'd  in 
private  Houses,  as  opportunity  offer'd."  At  one  of  his 
mee'tings  he  was  surprised  by  Sir  Philip  Musgrave,  and 
^'  thereupon  the  goods  of  the  Master  of  the  House  were 
Seiz'd  and  some  goods  also  of  Mr.  Xicolson's  :  and  they 
were  forc'd  to  Pay  down  the  Money  which  the  Law 
requir'd."  Subsequently  a  dispute  with  a  Curate,  in  Sir 
Philip  Musgrave's  presence,  led  this  gentleman  to  con- 
siderably moderate  his  conduct  towards  him.  He  appears 
in  the  Conventicle  List  of  1669 ;  in  the  Indulgence 
Licenses  of  1672;  and  in  the  Presentments  for  1670 — 
1678.^  The  date  of  his  death  has  already  been  given, 
and  Calamy  says  :  — - 

He  administred  the  Lord's  Supper,  the  Lord's  Day  before  and 
quoted  that  Text  Luk.  22.  18.  which  was  fulfilled  in  him,  who  kept 
the  next  Sabbath  in  the  Upper  World.  He  appear'd  more  than 
brdinarily  affected  in  that  Administration,  and  a  flood  of  Tears  almost 
stopp'd  his  Voice ;  the  cause  of  which  was  unknown.  He  had  good 
Skill  in  the  Hebrew  Tongue,  and  was  a  Popular  Preacher,  and 
Instrumental  in  doing  good  to  many.  There  is  one  Sermon  of  his 
extant,  in  a  Book  call'd  "The  Virgin  Saint."  ^ 

Bishop  ^icolson,  writing  in  1704,  gives  the  following 
respecting  the  Kirkoswald  "  Dissenters "  and  their 
Ministers :  — 

The  Church  yard  [Kirkoswald]  is  in  that  ruinous  and  disjoynted 
condition,  which  is  common  where  many  of  the  parishioners  (as  the 
Case  is  here)  are  Dissenters  :  Who  nevertheless  are  generally  willing, 
and  desireous,  to  be  buryed  here.  Two  of  'em  have  the  following 
Inscriptions  on  their  Gravestones.     On  ye  South  Side  of  ye  Church  : — • 

The  very  Reverend  Mr.  George  Xicholson 
late  Pastor  of  the  ChurcK  at 
Huddleskeugh,  some  time  of 
Magdalene  College,  Oxford,  changed 
this  for  a  better  Life,  August 
20.  1697.  Anno  Aetatis  60. 

1.  Vide  pp.  1329,  1338,  1367.  Giles  Nicholson  is  a  mistake  in  the 
Licenses  for  George  Nicholson. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  160. 


Kirkos  wald  339 

As  also 
Elisha  his  second  son,  a  youth  of  most 
pregnant  parts,  departed  June  24.  the 
same  year.  Anno  Aetatis  21. 

(This  George  was  Chorister  of  Magd. 
Coll.  but  never  took  any 
Degree.     There  are  many 
of  this  Surname  in  the 
Parish. ) 

On  the  South  Side  of  the  Quire  : — 

Here  lies  the  first  born  of  that  name  from  Crossfield 

God  grant  that  place  may  many  such  flowers  yield. 

Her  early  Budds  that  place  did  so  perfume. 

As  tho'  her  Soul  had  brought  it  from  the  Womb. 

No  pains  she  thought  too  hard  God's  sacred  word  to  hear. 

And  when  she  harrowed  it  she  watter'd  it  with  Tear. 

And  yet  she  would  complain  of  her  unfruitfulness. 

Tho  she  foretold  her  death  much  like  a  prophetess, 

Her  dying  breath  was  such  as  fill'd  the  Eyes  and  Ears 

Of  her  Spectators  all  with  joy,  and  yet  with  Tears. 

As  to  her  Natural  parts,  her  Genius  still  was  such. 

What  Learning  ere  she  saw,  to  tak't  in  was  not  much. 

Her  Works  behind  her  left  most  amply  have  declar'd 

That  not  unlike  she  may  to  Dorcas  be  compar'd. 

She,  She,  She  was  most  singly  set  apart 

To  be  the  joy  of  her  poor  parents  heart. 

But  now  she's  gone  to  her  eternal  Rest, 

Amongst  the  Saints  for  ever  to  be  Blest. 

Upon  the  Death  of  Mrs.  Mary  Wilson,  who 

was  buryed  Aug.  4.  1672. 

(This  girl  had  not  only  the  honour  of  this  fair  Epitaph ;  but  ye 
inspired  poets  of  ye  same  Congregation  with  her  clubb'd  yir  Wits  in 
several  Poems  in  her  praise,  which  they  printed  under  the  Title  of 
The  Virgin  Saint.)  ' 

With  reference  to  the  poems,  written  in  honour  of  "  The 
Virgin  Saint,"  Bishop  Xicolson  is  at  fault  in  attributing 
them  to  the  "  wits  "  of  the  "  same  Congregation."  What- 
ever opinion  may  be  entertained  as  to  the  poetic  quality 
of  the  pieces,  they  were  the  work  of  honoured  Ministers; 
and   the    fact   shows   the   high    place   which   the   Wilson 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  117. 


340  The    Ejected    of   1662 

family  occupied  in  the  regard  of  the  Nonconformists  of 
that  day.  Three  copies  of  this  exceedingly  rare  little 
book  are  known  to  exist.  One  is  in  the  British  Museum, 
and  two  are  in  the  Jackson  Library.  The  contributors 
give  their  initials  only,  and  in  one  of  the  Jackson  Library 
copies  are  MS.  additions  to  the  initials;  but  they  are  not 
always  correct.  The  following  brief  summary  of  Mary 
Wilson's  life  together  with  some  other  interesting  passages 
is  extracted  from  it :  — 

The  Virgin  Saint  : 

or 

A  Brief  Narrative  of  the 

Holy  Life,  and  Christian  Death  of 

Mary  Wilson 

With  some  Memorable  Passages 

and  occasional  Speeches  a  little 

before  her  Death  added  thereunto 

To  which  is  also  adjoyned 

A  Sermon, 

Preached  at  her  Funeral 

by  Mr.  Geo.  Nicolson 

Together  with 

Several  Consolatory  Letters  written 

by  divers  Ministers,  to  her 

Mournful  Father,  Mr.  Richard 

Wilson  of  Crosfield  in 

Cumberland 

London,  Printed  for  Jonathan 

Robinson,  at  the  Golden-Lion 

in  Pauls  Church  yard,  1673. 

To  the  Christian  Readers ;  especially  to  the  Members  of  the 
Congregated  Churches  in  Leathward,  Cumberland  :  Assembling  for 
Publick  Worship  in  their  Licensed  Places  respectively,  in  Kirkoswald 
and  Hesket  Parishes,  by  his  Majies  Most  Gracious  Permission, 
Authority ;  and  Protection,  Grace  Mercy,  and  Peace  in  Jesus  Christ. 

This  Epistle  to  the  reader  is  signed  "  S.A.,"  given  in 
the  Jackson  Library  copy  as  "Atkins  " ;  but  it  is  almost 
certain  that  it  was  Simon  Atkinson,  the  Ejected  Minister 
of  Lazonby,  still  resident  in  the  district.  It  contains  the 
following :  — 


Kirkoswald  341 

One  would  think  that  no  serious  Professors  of  Christianity,  were  in 
any  peril  of  Popery ;  yet  Quakers  are  an  Artificial  product  of  it 
though  they  know  it  not. 

In  the  Introduction,  among  other  things,  we  have  a  brief 
narrative  of  Mary  Wilson,  who  was  born  at  Crosfield,  in 
the  Parish  of  Kirkoswald,  Nov.  19,  1652.  Her  father's 
name  was  Richard  Wilson,  and  mother's  maiden  name 
Mary  Martendale.  When  she  was  about  eight  years  of  age 
she  was  attacked  by  small  pox,  and  Dr.  Gilpinwas  called  in 
to  see  her.  About  the  "9th  year  of  her  age  a  gentleman 
coming  to  her  Father's  house  in  Discourse  with,  her 
Father,  told  him  That  there  was  a  strong  report  that  the 
Parliament  was  about  to  put  forth  An  Act  for  the  Banish- 
ment of  all  the  Nonconformists  in  England."  She  over- 
heard this ;  and  on  being  asked  by  her  father  whether  he 
should   conform,   replied   "  No  my  Father,   though   they 

should  do  with  you  as  they  did  with  Mr. I  would  not 

have  you  conform."  There  is  also  an  account  of  her  own 
experiences  given  by  herself  in  her  15th  year,  under  date 
1667.  She  tells  about  hearing  Mr.  Nicholson  on  Matt.  7, 
21;  again  on  Gen.  17,  1;  also  Mr.  Davis  on  Mai.  4,  2; 
Mr.  Nicholson  again  on  Numb.  14,  24,  also  John  5  "  the 
latter  part  of  V.  14."  Mr.  Nicholson  was  sent  for  as  sbe 
lay  dying;  and  it  is  stated  that  the  doctor  and  Mr. 
Wilkinson  sat  with  her  immediately  before  the  end 
"  between  four  and  five  "  in  the  morning  of  Aug.  3,  1672. 
George  Nicholson's  Funeral  Sermon  for  her  was  on  Luke 
12,  40 ;  and  verses  14  to  18  of  Psalm  103  were  sung.  The 
poetic  pieces  in  praise  of  the  deceased  are  signed  by 
"M.C.";  "Christopher  Rickerby  School-Master  of 
Lazonby";  and  "  G.L."  [George  Larkham].  In  the 
volume  is  a  letter  ending :  "  Your  unworthy  Brother 
J.H. 
Blacklough 

Aug.  27,  1672." 

Another  lengthy  one  is  "to  Mr.  Rich.  Wilson  of  Crosfield 
after  the  Death  of  his  dear  and  only  Daughter;  upon  the 
receipt  of  a  Letter  of  Complaint  from  him  for  long  Absence 
after  promise  of  Presence."     It  begins  thus: — "  My  very 


342 


The   Ejected   of   1662 


Dear  and  Beloved  Son  in  the  Faith,  through  our  well- 
beloved  Saviour." 

Signed  : 


"  From  Wei  den  the 
25  of  the  8th 
Month 
1672." 


"  Who  is,  and  ever  will 
be  ready  to  be  a 
server  of  your  Faith 
and   an   helper  of 
your  Joy  J. D. [avis]. 


Yet  another  is  signed  :  — 

**  Octob.  18.  From  your  Fellow-feeling 

1762  [misprint  Brother  G.L.[arkham]." 

for  1672]. 

It  is  followed  thus  :  — 
Anagr.  Mary  Wilson 

Your  Nam'  liv's 
Dear  little  Soul,  now  shrined  above  in  Glory 
Though  thee  we  may  not  See,  We'le  view  by  Story ; 
Tis  true,  it  is  but  short,  yet  sweet,  and  we 
Will  chear  our  selves  with  this  that's  left  of  thee, 
When  as  Elijah  hence  in  Whirlwind  flew 
He  cast  a  mantle,  so  hast  thou  done  too  : 
We'le  take  it  up,  there's  in  it  some  relief, 
By  it  we  may  in  part  wade  through  our  grief, 
For  thy  removal  :  you  are  gone  we  know 
But  your  Nam'  liv's  and  shall  with 
Saints  below. 

G.  L. 


Another :  — 
per  eundem 

What !  ripe  so  soon  marvel  we  not ; 
Fruit  ripes  fast  in  a  Garden  plot. 
In  warm  Soyl  there  good  trees  will  bear 
Assoon  as  planted,  the  first  year. 
This  little  tender,  precious  tree, 
Dropt  Mellow-fruit,  as  you  may  see. 
Here's  but  a  little,  loads  she  bore, 
But  gathering  vessel  held  no  More. 
What  here  you  find  collected  by 
A  Sobbing  Heart,  a  Weeping  Eye ; 
(A  Father  mourning  for  his  loss, 


Mary  Wilson 
In  Warm  Soyl 


Kirkoswald  343 

To  him  th'  heaviest  outward  cross) 
Take  notice  of,  use  to  your  good, 
Such  fruit  from  young  ones  is  choice  food 
When  old  trees  fruitless  grow,  God  then 
Will  raise  fruit-bearing  Childeren. 
You  that  in  Warm  Soyl  are,  0  mind 
What  this  warm  Soul  hath  left  behind. 
Good  Families  and  Churches  are. 
The  warmest  Soyls  i'th  world  by  far. 

G.  L. 

In  the  Kirkoswald  Registers  are  some  Latin  verses  by 
"  Georgius  Nicolson,"  probably  the  Minister  in  question; 
and    his    burial    entry    there    reads    thus :  — 

1697  Mr.  George  Nicolson  buryed  August  the  22nd. 

Bishop  Nicolson  adds:  — 

There's  a  Third  Monumental  Inscription  preparing  for  one  Dawes; 
who  (from  teaching  a  few  petty  boyes  and  girls  at  Salkeld-yeats) 
advanced  to  ye  profession  of  a  Pastor  in  ye  same  way  with  G. 
Nicolson  ye  Independant.' 

George  Yates,  1668—1670. 

There  is  an  unfortunate  gap  in  the  Registers  after  1659 
to  1685,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  odd  entries ;  but,  as 
previously  stated,  George  Yates,  Rector  of  Croglin  '^ 
obtained  a  license  to  serve  this  Cure.     He  died  in  1670. 

George  Sanderson,  1671. 

He  was  at  Gainford,  Durham,  in  1652,  and  Forcett, 
in  Richmondshire,  in  1661.  He  wrote  freely  to  Lord 
Wharton,  and  his  letters  are  in  the  Rawlinson  MSS.^  In 
one  of  them  he  suggests  that  he  would  like  to  succeed 
Francis  Higginson  at  Kirkby  Stephen,  who  was  "  not 
likely  to  return "  after  his  Ejection.  Nicolson  and 
Bum  say  that,  on  succeeding  George  Yates  at  Croglin, 
he  had  a  similar  license  for  Kirkoswald.  The  arrange- 
ment held  until  1685,  when,  for  some  reason  or  other, 
the     Kirkoswald     living     was     sequestered     from     him. 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  118. 

2.  Vide  p.  415. 

3.  Bodl.  Library. 


344  The   Ejected   of    1662 

Nicolson,  in  his  Diary  under  May  13,  1685,  thus  refers  to 
the   matter :  — 

A  new  Sequestration  order'd  for  Kirk-oswald. 

25th  Serv'd  ye  Sequestration  on  Mr.  Sanderson  at  Kirk-oswald ;  & 
Mr.  Rumney  put  in  by  ye  Sequestrators.  1 

John  Rumxey,  1685—1738. 

He  first  appears  in  the  Registers  thus,  though  his 
license  as  Curate  is  dated  Oct.  3,  1687  :  — 

Roberbtus  fil  Jonis  Rumney  baptizatus  Octobris  10™°  4to.  1685. 

He  married  "  Issibell  "  Sanderson,  the  daughter  doubtless 
of  his  predecessor,  in  1681. ^  and  probably  was  serving  as 
Curate  at  the  time.  In  addition  to  Kirkoswald  he  had 
charge  of  Renwick,  until  his  death  in  1738.  His  burial 
is  thus  recorded  :  — 

1738  The  Revd.   Mr.  Rumney  Minister  of  Kirkoswald  &  Renwick 
Novr  16th. 

A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Cross  Canonby  in  1712.^ 

John  Mandeville,  1739 — 1761. 

He  was  instituted  in  1739,  under  a  Presentation  by  the 
Great  Seal,  and  remained  until  his  death.  His  burial 
entry  is  given  thus  :  — 

1761  The  Revd.  Mr.  John  Mandeville  Vicar  July  ye  19th. 

Such  would  appear  to  be  the  list ;  but  it  has  to  be  admitted 
that  the  case  is  not  free  from  difficulty.  Nicolson  and 
Burn  state  that  the  place,  not  being  worth  "the  expense  of  a 
Presentation  under  the  Great  Seal,"  was  successively 
served  by  way  of  sequestration  by  George  Sanderson,  John 
Rumney  and  James  Wannop.  In  1714  they  add  that 
James  Wannop  "  tendred  a  presentation  under  the  Great 
Seal  and  was  thereupon  instituted  " ;  "  in  1719  William 
Milner  was  licensed  to  be  Curate ;  so  also  John  Rumney 
in  1723  upon  whose  death,  in  1739,  John  Mandeville  was 

1.  Trans.  .(N.S.),  vol.  i,  pp.  29,  30.  The  Registers  give  : — "Richardus 
Harrison  Clericus  sepult  ffebii  24th  ano  1686,"  though  its  precise 
significance  does  not  appear. 

2.  Vide  p.  330. 

3.  Vide  p.  737. 


Kirkoswald  345 

instituted."  ^  The  matter  is  not  clearly  put,  and  appear- 
ances point  rather  in  the  direction  of  a  continuous  ministry 
for  John  Rumney,  from  1685  to  1738,  the  persons  named 
serving  as  his  Curates.  At  any  rate  until  further  evidence 
is  forthcoming  it  must  be  left  thus.^  The  Registers  give 
the  following  respecting  Wannop  :  — 

Mr.  Wannup  and  Mrs.  Dor.  Towry  Aug.  9th,  1719  married. 

She  was  buried  Sep.  12,  1747,  and  is  described  as  "widow." 
The  baptism  also  of  "  Mary  the  daughter  of  Wm.  Milner 
Clerk  Sepbr  the  27th  1722  "  appears  in  them.  To  these 
must  be  added  the  name  of  Joseph  Tangate,  Curate,  whose 
wife  "  Jannett "  was  buried  on  "  lObr  ye  7  1712." » 

The  Lowthion  or  Lowthian  family  were  of  considerable 
importance  in  the  neighbourhood.  There  was  a  George 
Lowthion,  B.  A.,  who  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  20,  1668,  to 
whom  Foster  refers  as  follows  : — "George  Lowthian  '  Serv' 
S.John  of  Kirkoswald,  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll., 
matric.  14  Dec,  1660,  aged  18;  B.A.  1665,  rector  of  Whit- 
field, Northumberland,  1666.^'  In  the  Kirkoswald  Registers 
is  the  following  entry  :  — "  Ulrick  son  of  George  Lowthion 
Clerk  baptized  September  the  2nd  1678."  ^  The  Lowthion 
entries  are  numerous,  the  references  to  George  Lowthion 
being  particularly  frequent.  Sometimes  he  appears  as 
"  George    Lowthian  "  ;    then    "  Mr.    George  Lowthian  " ; 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  428. 

2.  I  am  inclined  to  modify  the  opinion  above  given  and  think  that 
John  Rumney  removed  to  Cross  Canonby  about  1712  (vide  p.  737).  His 
wife  "  Isabell  "  died  in  1723,  and  he  in  1728.  In  that  case  the  order 
would  be  the  one  given  by  Nicolson  and  Burn,  Wannop,  Milner  and 
Rumney,  the  latter  being  second  of  that  name  who  served  here. 

3.  Can  this  be  "the  Schoolmr  of  Ousby  (Tingate)  "  who  on  Saturday 
Dec.  18,  1708,  appeared  with  "a  Title  from  Mr.  Robinson,  for  Deacon's 
orders?"    (Nicolson's  Diary  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  43.) 

4.  Vide  Al.  Ox.  Ulrick  was  educated  like  his  father  at  Queen's 
matriculating  March  29,  1698,  at  the  age  of  17,  and  becoming  Rector  of 
Whitfield,  Northumberland,  in  1703 ;  and  Bishop  Nicolson  says  :  "Sep. 
20.  1702.  Ord.  Priest  Uthred  Lowthian  formerly  (as  his  Father)  of  Qu. 
Coll.  Oxon.  design'd  by  his  Cousin  ye  Patron,  to  be  Rector  of  Whitfield." 
(Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  181.) 


146 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


again  "  George  Lowthion  gent " ;  yet  again  as  "  George 
Lowthian  Clerk  " ;  and  under  date  1697  "  burialls  "  we 
have  the  following  :  — "  Ann  daughter  of  parson  Lowthion 
November  the  29."  If  these  all  relate  to  the  same 
individual,  as  they  probably  do,  it  would  appear  that 
George  Lowthion  had  ceased  to  be  in  active  service  as  a 
Minister,  being  resident  on  his  estate  at  Kirkoswald.^ 
There  are  several  references  also  to  "  Thomas  Lowthion 
Clerk."  A  person  of  this  name  ministered  some  time  to 
the  Penruddock  Nonconformist  congregation.  His  son, 
Samuel  Lowthion,  became  the  Minister  of  the  Newcastle 
congregation,  where  Dr.  Gilpin  formerly  laboured,  and 
he  was  a  leader  in  the  Arian  movement  of  the  18th  Century. 

1.  In  the  St.  Cuthbert's  Transcripts,  Carlisle,  is  the  following  : — 
"  1700  Bridgett  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Creorge  Lowthian  baptized  the  18th 
of   June." 


IV.     EENWICK. 

This  is  a  considerable  village  some  five  miles  east  of 
Lazonby,  away  in  the  hill  scenery  which  borders  upon 
Northumberland  and  Durham.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to 
All  Saints ;  and  in  the  days  of  Pope  Nicholas  it  was  rectorial. 
In  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned  it  was  a  mere 
Chapelry,  served  by  a  Curate,  who  appears  to  have  had 
charge  of  Kirkoswald  as  well.  In  the  account  of  Kirkoswald^ 
therefore,  will  be  found  all  that  is  known  of  the  men  who 
held  this  living.  The  Historians  are  silent  in  reference  to 
them  and  the  Registers  supply  no  new  name.  The  earliest 
Register  Book  is  a  small  volume  containing  few  entries, 
and  these  are  scarcely  legible.  The  first  two  pages  appear 
to  be  occupied  with  miscellaneous  entries  of  late  date,  say 
about  1680  and  1690.  They  are  written  across  and  cannot 
be  deciphered.  The  first  page  on  the  second  leaf  gives  the 
following  :  — 

A  True  Account  of  the   Weddings  Births  and   Burials  within  the 
pish  of  Eenwick  since  the  Year  of  our  Lord  God  1649. 

The  entries  are  few,  only  two  for  1649,  one  for  1650;  and 
the  first  three  pages  lead  up  to  1681.  At  the  end  of  1666 
are  the  words  :  — 

Noe  Eegestr  for  Eight  years  following. 

Again  at  1675  :  — 

Noe  Regestr  again  for  5  years  following. 

I  suspect  this  to  be  a  copy  made  by  a  later  hand  from 
older  fragments  that  have  perished .  The  following  probably 
served  this  place  :  — John  Davis,  George  Nicholson ;  possibly 
the  Incumbents  of  Croglin  and  Ainstable,  more  or  less; 
and  certainly  John  Rumney  and  others  from  1681 
onwards.  In  the  Renwick  Registers  are  the  following 
respecting  Rumney's  family  :  — 

1681  Tabitha  daughter  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  Bap.  March  ye  6th. 
1683  Anne  daughter  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  bap.  Jany.  ye  18. 


348 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


1686  Robert  son  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  Bap.  Octobr  ye  14. 
1691  Margarett  daughter  of    John  Rumney  Bap.  June  ye  10. 
1694  Isabell  daughtr  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  Bap.  Sep.  ye  2d. 
1697  John  son  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  Bapt.  June  the  6th. 

His  marriage  with  Isabell  Sanderson,  the  daughter  prob- 
ably of  his  predecessor,  George  Sanderson,  in  1681  appears 
in  the  Hesket  Registers.^  The  Rumneys  were  a  consider- 
able family  in  this  neighbourhood,  entries  relating  to  them 
occurring  frequently  in  the  Renwick,  Kirkoswald  and 
Ainstable  Registers.  Under  date  1701  is  the  following  :  — 
"Richard  Beckton,  Clark,  Buried  July  the  14th." 
Judging  from  the  significance  of  the  word  "  Clerk "  in 
these  Registers  it  is  almost  certain  that  this  was  a 
Minister;  but  where  he  laboured  is  not  known,  unless  he 
was  John  Rumney's  Curate. 


1.  Vide  p.  330. 


Y.    ADDINQHAM. 

A  parish  of  considerable  extent,  including  Glassonby 
and  Gamblesby  or  Gamlesby,  which  lies  a  few  miles  south 
east  of  Lazonby.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael. 
The  first  volume  of  the  Registers,  which  is  of 
parchment,  is  much  wasted  by  damp.  The  earliest 
decipherable  date  is  March,  1603^.  Some  pages  have 
been  torn  away.  The  writing  is  fairly  legible,  but  the 
edges  in  many  places  have  been  worn  away.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Edward  Maplett,  M.A.,  1591. 

He  was  Kector  of  Clifton  in  1584,^  and  in  that  year 
became  also  a  Prebendary  of  Carlisle  Cathedral,  remaining 
such  until  his  death  in  1624.  He  founded  the  Free  School 
at  Maughanby.2     The  Registers  give  the  following  :  — 

Willyam  Maplett  the  sonne  of  Edward  Maplett  vicar  of  Addingham 
was  buried  the  xx  daie  of  October  1608. 

....  of  Mr.  Henry  Maeplett  the  Sonne  of  Mr.  .  .  .  [date  about 
1621]. 

There  was  a  Thomas  Maplett,  M.A.,  at  Edenhall  in  1609;* 
and  at  Little  Salkeld  in  1611. 

Thomas  Lambert,  1627. 

This  is  a  new  name  and  it  is  only  proper  to  say  that  the 
evidence  for  it  is  not  decisive.  It  is  supplied  by  the 
following  entry  in  the  Registers  :  — 

The    Chrestening    of    Thomas    Lambert    the    sone   of   Sir    Thomas 

Lambert  of  Glassonby  the  5th  daie  of  Julije  1627. 

The  prefix  "  Sir  "  was  the  usual  one  given  to  a  Minister 
about  this  time;  and  a  person  of  the  name  was  ordained 
Deacon  May  23,  1619,  and  Priest  June  11,  1620. 

Lewis  West,  M.A.,  1636—1646. 

I  He  belonged  to  the  elder  branch  of  the  Wests  of  Under- 


1.  Vide  p.   1239. 

2.  Jefferson's  Leath  Ward,  p.  330  note. 

3.  Vide  p.  440. 


350  The    Ejected   of  1662 

bank  in  Hunshelf,  near  Penistone.  Francis  West  of 
Denby,  in  the  same  district,  appears  to  have  been  a  member 
of  the  younger  branch  who  were  strong  Puritans,  whilst 
the  elder  were  equally  pronounced  Royalists.  Lewis 
West  married  Frances,  eldest  daughter  of  Richard  Marsh, 
D.D.,  Yicar  of  Halifax,  and  on  the  death  of  his  elder 
brother  he  succeeded  to  the  Underbank  estate.^  He  was 
instituted  to  Addingham  jSTov.  21,  1636,  on  a  Presentation 
by  the  Dean  and  Chapter,  becoming  a  Prebendary  of 
Carlisle  the  same  year.  Walker,  who  finds  him  a  place 
in  his  list,  says  :  ■ — 

He  was  a  Man  of  Worth  and  Learning,   Survived  the  Rebellion, 

enjoyed   his   Preferment   again,    and   was  the   Only    Member   of   the 

Chapter  who  outlived  the  Usurpation.  2 

He  appears  in  the  list  of  contributors  to  the  Carlisle 
garrison  in  1644,  the  amount  standing  against  his  name 
being  £1.  0.  0.^  His  Sequestration  took  place  about 
1646,  and  the  following  documents  deal  with  the  matter : 

Addingham.  ^Nlaij  30.  1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  ffrances  the  wife  of  Lewes  West  from 
whom  the  vicarage  of  Addingham  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  is 
sequestred.  It  is  ordered  that  the  sd  Mrs.  West  shall  have  for  & 
towards  the  maintennce  of  her  and  her  children  the  full  cleere  5th  pte 
of  all  the  tithes  rents  glebe  lands  and  Easter  booke  of  the  sd  viccaridge 
all  taxes  and  charges  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole)  unlesse  good 
cause  be  shewn  to  the  contrarie  the  sd  Mr.  West  and  his  wife  yielding 
all  due  obedience  to  the  said  sequestracon  The  examinacon  of  wch 
cause  (if  there  be  any)  this  Comittee  doe  refer  to  the  Comittee  of 
Parliamt.  for  the  Countie  of  Ciunberland  who  are  desired  to  hear  the 
ptes  on  both  sides  therein  and  to  call  before  them  and  examine  the 
witnesses  that  shalbe  produced  as  well  for  proofe  of  the  sd  cause  as 
on  the  pte  and  behalfe  of  the  sd  Mrs.  West  for  the  satisfying  of  her 
and  of  the  sd  paymt  of  the  sd  5th  pte  &  to  determine  the  differences 
betweene  them  or  otherwise  to  certifie  the  same  to  this  Comittee.  4 

Addingham.  August  19.  1646. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  Lancelott  Lowther  Minister 
of  Addingham  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  this  Cotee  doe  declare 

1.  Yorkshire  Diaries.     (Surtees  Soc,  vol.  65),  p.  37,  note  2. 

2.  Walker,  part  ii,  p.  10. 

3.  Vide  p.   134. 

4.  Add.   MSS.,  Brit.   Mus.,  15670. 


Addingham  351 

&  order  that  ffrances  the  wife  of  Lewis  West  from  whome  the  viccar- 
age  of  Addingham  aforsd  is  sequestred  shall  have  the  5th  pte  of  the 
»d  viccarage  from  the  tyme  that  the  sd  Mrs.  West  did  peticon  for 
the  sd  5th  pte  &  not  before  And  that  all  taxes  &  charges  be  first 
deducted  out  of  the  whole  And  that  the  same  be  paid  in  money  by  the 
said  Mr.  Lowther  and  not  in  specie  wch  the  Cotee  for  the  said 
Countie  are  desired  upon  examinacon  of  pties  on  both  sides  Concern- 
inge  the  valine  of  the  sd  living  to  ascertaine  to  see  paid  accordinglie.  i 

Addingham.  Maij  29.  1647. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  Peticon  of  Lancelott  Lowther  to 
whom  the  vicarage  of  Addingham  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  is 
sequestred  This  Comittee  doe  referre  it  to  the  Comittee  of  Parliamt 
for  the  said  County  or  any  three  of  them  who  are  desired  to  examine 
what  cause  can  be  shewen  why  a  fift  pte  of  the  profitts  of  the  said 
vicarage  should  not  be  paid  to  the  wife  of  Mr.  West  from  whom  the 
same  is  sequestred  callinge  before  them  and  Examininge  pties  and 
witnesses  on  both  sides  therein  concerned  and  to  determine  the  same 
if  they  can  or  otherwise  to  certifie  the  whole  cause  to  this  Comittee 
togeather  with  the  valine  of  the  said  Liveinge.  2 
Addingham.  October  19.  1647. 

This  Comitee  doe  appoint  to  heare  the  Cause  betweene  Mr.  Lowther 
to  whom  the  Viccarage  of  Addingham  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland 
is  sequestred  and  ffrances  the  wife  of  INIr.  West  from  whome  the  same 
is  sequestred  upon  the  exaicons  Certifi'd  from  the  Cotee  of  pliamt  for 
the  said  Countie  on  the  21st  daie  of  December  next  ensueinge  whereof 
the  said  Mrs.  West  is  given  Convenient  notice.  3 

Lancelot  Lowther,  M.A.,  1646. 

This  is  an  entirely  new  name,  neither  Jefferson  nor 
"Whellan,  nor  Nicolson  and  Burn  making  any  attempt  to 
fill  in  the  gap  between  Lewis  West  and  William  Sill. 
To  the  documents  already  given  the  following  may  be 
added  :  — 

Addingham. 
Rect.  of  Addingham.  August  19,  1646. 

By  vertue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  pliamt  of  the  second  of  I\Iay 
last  It  is  ordered  that  the  further  sume  of  20li  be  paide  out  of  the 
Rent  reserved  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  Rectorie 
of  Addingham  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  to  &  for  increase  of  the 
maintenance  of  Lancelott  Lowther,  Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of 

1.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

2.  Ibid.,  15671. 
3   Ibid. 


352  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Addingham  aforesaid  the  viccarage  whereof  is  worthe  but  60li  a  yeare 
And  the  Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to  paie  the  Same 
accordinglie  at  such  times  &  Seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  said  Rent 
shall  grow  due  &  payable.' 

In  the  Commonwealth  Survey  for  1649  he  is  given  as 
"  Clarke  &  Viccar  "  of  Little  Salkeld,  which  is  the  same 
as  Addingham. 2  From  the  same  source  comes  the  follow- 
ing:— 

Little  Salkeld. 

There  is  pd  out  of  ye  Viccaridge  of  Mr.  Lancelott  Lowther  the 
present  Incumbent  by  ordinance  of  parliamt  unto  ye  wife  of  Lodwicke 
West  the  fformer  viccare  of  late  sequestred  and  put  out  for  his 
delinquencie  ye  one  ffifth  pt  of  the  pfitts  of  ye  sd  Viccaridge. 3 

This  same  document  also  states  that  Frances  West, 
daughter  of  Lewis  West,  in  1638,  had  leased  certain  fields 
&c.  in  Little  Salkeld. 

The  reader  is  referred  to  Kirkby  Thore  and  Long 
Marton,  *  for  a  discussion  of  the  difficulty  experienced  in 
relation  to  the  two  Lancelot  Lowthers,  who  appear  to 
have  been  settled  in  these  parts  at  the  same  time.  The 
theory  there  advanced  is  put  forth  with  some  diffidence, 
but  assuming  its  soundness  the  following  in  relation  to 
the  present  Lancelot  Lowther  may  be  accepted  as  correct. 
He  was  the  sixth  son  of  Sir  Christopher  Lowther,  who  was 
the  second  son  of  Sir  Eichard  Lowther,  grandfather  of 
Lancelot  Lowther  of  Kirkby  Thore.  The  two  Lancelots 
would,  therefore,  be  cousins.  Lancelot  Lowther  of  Adding- 
ham married  Esther  Pearce  of  Dublin.  The  difficulty  in 
the  case  of  the  Lowthers  has  been  largely  created  through 
Nicolson  and  Burn  assigning  the  Addingham  Lowther  to 
Long  Marton.  This  appears  to  be  quite  a  mistake.  It 
should  be  noted  that  the  statement  of  Nicolson  and  Burn 
is  halting  and  uncertain.  The  next  Incumbent  [at  Long 
Marton]  they  say  "  seems  to  have  been  Lancelot  Lowther." 
They  also  state  that  when  he  died  in  1661,  assuming  bim 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  323. 

2.  Vide  p.  1299. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS. — Surveys,  vol.  ii. 

4.  Vide  pp.  1150,  1165. 


Addingham  353 

to  be  the  Long  Marton  Rector,  lie  was  very  old,  his  father 
having  died  54  years  previously  at  the  age  of  77  years. 
As  appears  later  it  was  the  other  Lancelot  who  died  in 
1661,  and  he  could  not  have  been  excessively  old  :  for  his 
widow  "  Sarah,"  not  "  Esther,"  states  in  her  petition  that 
he  had  left  her  with  "  7  young  children  all  unprovided 
for."  According  to  Foster  he  took  his  B.A.  degree  in 
1614,  and  where  he  had  been  previous  to  his  appointment 
to  Addingham  in  1646,  we  do  not  know.  It  is  extremely 
interesting  to  find  a  Lowther  replacing  Lewis  West;  and 
the  fact  shows  how  little  ground  there  is  for  the  statement 
frequently  made  that  the  policy  of  the  Commonwealth  was 
to  suppress  and  eject  the  Episcopalian  Minister  as  such. 
For  however  much  Lancelot  Lowther  may  have  modified 
his  position  there  is  no  reason  to  think  that  he  was  other 
than  an  Episcopalian. 

John  Billingsley,  M.A.,  1653. 

He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Billingsley  of  Chatham, 
Kent,  matric.  July  8,  1642,  at  Exeter  Coll.  at  the  age  of 
17,  admitted  to  St.  John's  Coll.,  Cambridge,  Sept.  21, 
1644,  graduated  B.A.  1648,  was  incorporated  from  Corpus 
Christi,  Oxford,  April  24,  1649,  and  proceeded  M.A. 
April  28,  1649,  Fellow  by  the  Parliamentary  Visitors  in 
1648  (incorporated  at  Cambridge  1652).^  Calamy,  who 
says  that  he  was  born  Sept.  14,  1625,  states  that  "  he  was 
solemnly  ordain'd  to  the  Ministry  Sept.  26,  1649,  in  the 
Church  of  St.  Andrew,  Undershaft,  in  London.  While  he 
was  at  Oxford,  he  Preach'd  frequently  in  the  Adjacent 
Places,  and  at  length  had  a  Call  into  one  of  the  remote, 
and  dark  Corners  of  the  Land  to  Preach  the  Gospel,  which 
he  did  painfully  at  Addingham  in  Cumberland.  He 
found  the  People  very  Ignorant,  and  therefore  set  upon 
Catechizing  and  was  one  of  the  Association  for  reviving 
the  Scriptural  Discipline  of  particular  Churches,  of  which 
the  World  has  had  an  account  in  Print."  The  reference 
here  is,  of  course,  to  the  Association  of  Cumberland  and 
Westmorland  Ministers.  John  Billingsley  joins  in  the 
letter  of   1653  to  Richard   Baxter,   in  reference  to  this 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

X 


354  I'he   Ejected   of  1662 

matter ;  and  is  there  described  as  "  Minister  of  Adding- 
ham."  1  When  he  left  Addingham  is  not  clear,  but  he 
removed  to  Chesterfield  in  Derbyshire,  whence  he  was 
ejected.  Possibly  the  foreshadowings  of  Ejection  are  to 
be  seen  in  the  following  from  the  Calendar  of  State 
Papers  :  for  at  this  time  all  over  the  country  the  men  who 
held  Commonwealth  appointments  in  the  Church  began 
to  feel  the  uncertainty  of  their  position. 

Sep.  17.  1659. 

John  Billingsley,  vicar  of  Chesterfield,  and  Mr.  Clud  [Child  ( ?)] 
Minister  of  Alfreton,  to  attend  Council  the  2nd  Wednesday  in  Oct. 
next  to  answer  Charges  of  misdemeanor  objected  against  them  and 
Mr.  Newton,  Mayor  of  Chesterfield,  to  send  them  a  copy  of  this  order 
at  least  10  days  before  that  time, 
ditto. 

Pres.  Salway  to  Wm.  Newton,  Mayor  of  Chesterfield, 
Council  has  received  your  letter  concerning  the  miscarriage  of  Mr. 
Billingsley  and  Mr.  Child,  Ministers,  and  approves  your  care.  They 
desire  you  to  see  that  both  are  summoned  to  attend  Council,  according 
to  the  inclosed  order,  and  if  you  have  power  as  a  J. P.,  you  are  to  take 
evidence  on  oath  about  their  affairs  from  any  that  know  them  (or  else 
.  some  Justices  of  the  Peace  that  have  the  power  are  to  do  it)  and  you 
are  to  report  to  us  speedily .2 

Calamy  gives  a  lengthy  account  of  John  Billingsley,^ 
and  states  that  a  son  of  the  same  name  was  Pastor  of  a 
Church  at  Hull  for  some  time,  and  afterwards  at  London, 
where  he  died  in  Charterhouse  Yard ;  and  that  a  grandson 
similarly  named  had  charge  of  a  congregation  at  Dover 
at  the  time  of  his  writing.  John  Billingsley,  senior,  died 
May  30,  1683. 

Daniel  Broadley,  1660. 

Respecting  this  person  Calamy  has  the  following  in  his 
1713  Edition,  the  one  used  throughout  this  work:  — 

Adingham  :  Mr.  Daniel  Broadley.     That  was  his  right  Name.     And 
whereas  I  before  had  mention'd  Mr.   Broadley  of  Glassenby  I  have 

1.  Eel.  Bax.,  p.  164. 

2.  Cal.,  S.  P.  for  1659—69,  pp.  204,  205. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  169 ;   vol.  iii,  p.  233. 


> 


Addingham  355 

since  been  given  to  understand  that  Glassenby  is  a  Toun  in  Adingham 
Parish,  where  one  Mr.  Croxall  was  at  that  time,  who  Conform'd.' 

Palmer  in  his  1775  Edition,  omits  the  foregoing  and 
simply  has :  "Addingham.  Mr.  Daniel  Broadley."^  j^ 
his  1802  Edition,  Palmer  says:  — 

It   is   queried   whether  this  place   be   not   in  the   West  Riding   of 
Yorkshire.* 

Here,  as  frequently  elsewhere,  Calamy  is  correct  and  his 
reviser  at  fault.  There  is  no  room  for  even  the  faintest 
shadow  of  a  doubt  about  the  identity  of  the  place.  Un- 
fortunately we  know  little  of  Daniel  Broadley  beyond 
what  is  given  above.  The  Addingham  Registers,  how- 
ever, have  the  following  :  — 

The  Weding  of  Mr.  Robertt  Bartram  Minister  of  Croglen  and  Mistres 
Martha  Broadley  daughter  of  Mr.  Daniell  Broadley  Minister  of  this 
pish  Aprill  ye  23rd  1657. 

Levstis  West,  M.A.,  1661—1668. 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  the  Restoration  brought 
the  return  of  Lewis  West  to  Addingham.  He  was  also 
collated  to  Great  Salkeld,^  April  22nd,  1661,  and  still 
further  rewarded  with  the  Archdeaconry  of  the  Carlisle 
Diocese.  The  following  entries  relating  to  his  family 
appear  in  the  Addingham  Registers :  — 

Chresteninge  of  Thomasyne  West  daughter  of  Mr.  Lewis  West  of 
Salkeld  1642. 

.  .  .  1643  .  .  .  Weste  daughter  of  Mr.  Lewis  Weste  of  Salkeld 
Buried  ....  July. 

Baptism  (?)....  of  Mr.  Lewis  Weste  of  Salkeld  Maye  ye  5th 
1644. 

Lewis  West  died  in  1668. 

William  Sill,  M.A.,  1668—1673. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  26,  1668,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter.  "  In  the  year  1678,"  write 
Nicolson  and  Burn,  "  he  commenced  a  suit  in  chancery 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  159. 

2.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  296 

3.  Ibid.    p.  377. 

4.  Vid§  pp.  177,  361 


356  The    Ejected   of  1662 

against  the  dean  and  chapter,  which  by  the  mediation  of 
bishop  Eainbow  was  compromised;  and  a  lease  of  the 
tithes  of  Little  Salkeld  was  granted  by  the  dean  and 
chapter  in  augmentation  of  the  vicarage."  i  This 
reads  as  if  William  Sill  were  still  at  Addingham,  but  he 
had  removed  to  Bromfield  in  1673.  ^  He  was  one  of  the 
Prebendaries  of  the  Cathedral  and  resigned  that  position 
in  1681  to  become  Prebendary  of  Westminster. 

Henry  Aglionby,  1674 — 1697, 

He  was  instituted  April  28,  1674,  and  was  the  second 
son  of  John  Aglionby  of  Carlisle,  and  younger  brother  of 
the  Recorder  of  the  City.  He  received  his  early  training 
at  Sedbergh,  whence  he  went  to  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, entering  there  in  1666,  at  the  age  of  17  years. 
He  added  to  his  Addingham  living,  in  1691,  that  of 
Bowness,  Cumberland,^  and  died  in  1697.  His  great 
uncle  Dr.  J.  Aglionby,  Principal  of  St.  Edmund  Hall, 
Oxford,  and  Chaplain  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  was  one  of  the 
translators  of  the  New  Testament.* 

Thomas  Ne Vinson,  B. A.,  1697. 

He  was  at  IJldale  in  1684,^  and  was  instituted  to 
Addingham  Oct.  18,  1697,  on  a  Presentation  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  Carlisle,  being  inducted  two  days  after- 
wards. The  Haile  Registers  contain  the  following  note 
of  his  marriage  :  — 

1690  Thomas  Nevinson  and  Grace  Nicolson  M[arried]. 

This  was  Bishop  Nicolson's  sister.  In  the  Wetheral 
Registers  we  have  the  marriage  entry,  of  possibly  a 
daughter,  or  sister,  of  Thomas  Nevinson  in  the  following 
terms  :  — 

1708  Mr.  William  Eobley  &  Margaret  Nevinson  Mar.  ffeb.  ye  17. 

The  Nevinsons  would  appear  to  have  been  a  prominent 
family  in  Carlisle  at  this  time.  The  following  occurs  in 
the  St.  Mary's  Church  Registers,  Carlisle:  — 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  451. 

2.  Vide  p.  641. 

3.  Vide  p.  604. 

4.  Sedbergh  School  Register,  p.  88. 

5.  Vide  p.  557. 


I 


Addingham  357 

Baptism 

Abbey  Street  Stanwix  ye  Son  of  Mr.   William  Nevinson  bapt.  ye 
25.     [Jany  1701-2.] 

Thomas  Nevinson  was  subsequently  at  Torpenhow.^ 

William  Nicoi^on,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1698—1702. 

He  was  previously  at  Torpenhow  and  Great  Salkeld,^ 
and  was  instituted  to  Addingham  on  February  2,  1698-9 
on  the  same  Presentation.  The  Addingham  Registers 
give  the  following  respecting  his  Induction  :  — 

^  Feby  11.  1698-9  Mr.  Wm.  Nicolson  Archdeacon  of  Carlisle  was  (by 
vertue  of  a  mandate  from  ye  Lord  Bishop  of  Carlisle)  inducted  into 
the  vicarage  of  Adingham  by  me 

Nath.   Spooner  vicar  of  Kirkland 
in  the  presence  of 

Cha.  Smalwood 
William  Clarke 
Mathew  Hodgson 
Mathew  Hodgson. 
William  Nicolson  resigned  Addingham  in  1702  to  become 
Bishop  of  Carlisle. 

John  Christopheesox,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1702 — 1758. 

He  was  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  taking  his 
B.A.  in  1695,  M.A.  1700,  S.T.B.  1708.  He  was  instituted 
July  10th,  1702,  and  inducted  the  following  day  by 
William  Lindsey,  Hector  of  Melmerby.^  Bishop  Xicolson 
in  1704,  speaks  of  his  "  worthy  Successor  "  in  terms  of 
high  praise,*     He  died  in  1758. 

1.  Vide  p.  582. 

2.  Vide  pp.  362,  582. 

3.  So  the  Addingham  Registers  :  vide  also  Nicolson's  Diaries,  Trans. 
<N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.   170. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  122. 


YI.     GEEAT  SALKELD. 

Great  Salkeld  is  a  village  about  four  miles  south  of 
Lazonby.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert.  The 
earliest  Register  Book  is  a  small,  long,  narrow  paper 
volume  in  which  the  following  appears  :  — 

A  full  and  perfect  Register  of  all  Births,  Weddings  and  Burials  in 

the  parish  of  Gt.  Salkeld  from  and  after  ye  30th  day  of  Aprill  A.D. 

1695.  In  pursuance  of  a  late  Act  of  Parliament. 
As  late  as  1831  there  was  an  earlier  volume  containing 
births,  marriages  and  burials  from  1583  to  1717;  but  this 
has  disappeared.  Of  the  earlier  Registers  only  a  mere 
fragment  remains,  a  single  parchment  leaf,  with 
promiscuous  entries  for  the  years  1571 — 1573.  The 
Churchwardens'  Accounts  consist  of  loose  papers,  dating- 
back,  in  some  cases,  to  1587.  From  the  earliest  times 
until  about  sixty  years  ago,  the  living  was  an  appendage 
to  the  Archdeaconry  of  Carlisle.  The  following  is  the  list 
of  Incumbents :  — 

Edwaed  Threlkeld,  M.A.,  LL.D.,  1567— 1588 (?). 

He  was  born  at  Burgh-by-Sauds  about  1526,  and 
admitted  a  Scholar  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  Aug.  11, 
1544,  and  a  Fellow  Aug.  12,  1547.  He  graduated  B.A,  in 
1548,  M.A.  in  1552  and  LL.D.  in  1562.  On  March  11, 
1567-8,  he  was  collated  to  Great  Salkeld  and  the  Arch- 
deaconry of  Carlisle.  In  the  "Athense  Cantabrigienses  " 
it  is  stated  that  he  was  at  Greystoke  in  1571 ;  but  that 
would  appear  to  be  an  error.  He  compounded  for  the 
First  Fruits  of  Great  Salkeld  in  1568 :  for  the  Prebend 
of  Cublington  in  1571 ;  and  for  the  Yicarage  of  Tenbury, 
Hereford ,  1573.  About  1583  he  exercised  Episcopal 
jurisdiction  in  the  Diocese  of  Hereford,  the  Bishop,  John 
Scory,  being  superannuated.  Whether  Edward  Threlkeld 
was  non  resident  in  relation  to  his  Cumbrian  livings  is 
not  certain,  though  appearances  point  strongly  in  that 
direction.  Nor  is  it  known  whether  he  held  these  livings 
until   his   death,  which  took  place   in  1588.     His   Will, 


Great  Salkeld  359 

dated  June  22,  1588,  was  proved  Nov.  16,  1589.     In  it  he 

refers    to    "  Thomas    Threlkelde   bayliffe    of    Burghe    by 

Sandes" ;    also    to    "Sr.    Eichard    Thomas    my    curate    of 

Chewton."     Doubtless  he  belonged  to  the  Threlkelds  of 

Melmerby.^ 

Henry  Dethick,  M.A.,  D.C.L.,  1588—1597. 

He  was  the  son  of  Sir  Gilbert  Dethick,  Grarter  King  of 
Arms,  and  was  educated  at  Oxford  where  he  graduated 
B.A.  Feb.  16,  1568-9;  M.A.  June  14,  1572;  B.C.L.  July  2, 
1578;  and  Sup.D.C.L.  Dec.  6,  1581.  He  was  Master  of 
Greetham  Hospital,  Durham,  and  subsequently  became 
Archdeacon  and  Chancellor  of  Carlisle,  as  well  as  Rector 
of  Great  Salkeld.  He  retained  the  Chancellorship  after 
resigning  Great  Salkeld,  and  died  in  1613  at  the  age  of 
67  years.  2 
Richard  Pilkington,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1597—1599. 

Foster  instances  a  person  of  this  name  from  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  supplicating  for  incorporation  with 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  in  1599,  whom  he  supposes  to 
have  been  the  Rector  of  Great  Salkeld.  He  was  Rector 
of  Hambledon,  Bucks.,  in  1595;  Archdeacon  of  Leicester 
in  1625 ;  and  Treasurer  of  Lichfield  Cathedral,  1625-8. 
He  died  in  Sept.  1631,  and  was  buried  in  the  chancel  of 
his  Church.  ^ 
Giles  Robinson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1599—1602. 

He  was  brother  to  Henry  Robinson,  who  was  Bishop  of 
Carlisle,  and  who  collated  him  to  the  living.   Giles  Robinson 
resigned  in  1602,  and  became  Ticar  of  Crosthwaite,  Cum- 
berland.* 
Nicholas  Deane,  M.A.,  1602—1604. 

His   other  appointments  were  Warcop,   Bromfield   and 
Ousby,  &c.  ^ 
George  Warwick,  M.A.,  1604—1621. 

It  would  appear  that  he  held  Melmerby  as  well  as  Great 

1.  Ath.   Cant.,   vol.   ii,   pp.   42,   544;    Great  Salkeld,   its  Kectors  and 
History,  by  A.  G.  Loftie,  p.  40. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Ibid. 

4.  Vide  p.  648. 

5.  Vide  pp.  387,  638,  1123. 


;6o 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Salkeld  and  the  Archdeaconsliip.  He  was  a  native  of 
Cumberland,  and  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
June  14,  1582,  at  the  age  of  16,  taking  his  B.A.  Dec.  8, 
1586,  and  M.A.  June  9,  1589.  He  became  Fellow  in 
1593,  and  was  Rector  of  Simondsburne  in  IS^orthumber- 
land  in  1597-9.  For  members  of  the  Warwick  family 
the  reader  is.  referred  to  the  accounts  of  Brampton,  Bow- 
ness,  Morland  and  Beaumont.^ 

Egbert  Wright,  1621. 

Almost  certainly  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears 
at  Stanwix  in  1616. ^  He  remained  at  Great  Salkeld  only 
about  a  year.  He  is  not  in  Jefferson's  list  of  Archdeacons 
of  Carlisle.^. 

Isaac  Sixgletox,  M.A.,  1622—1643. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Milburn  Jan.  15,  1622,  the 
place  being  given  as  "  Silkelde  als  Salkelde  Maga."  For 
an  account  of  him  the  reader  is  referred  to  Crosthwaite, 
Cumberland.^  His  son,  Richard  Singleton,  was  at  Mel- 
merby.^ 

Peter  Wextworth,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1645— 1660  (?). 

He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Wentworth  of  Oxford,  and 
related  to  the  Earl  of  Strafford.  He  matriculated  at 
Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford,  March  13,  1617-18,  at  the  age  of 
16;  became  Fellow  of  Balliol  and  B.A.  June  8,  1621;  was 
incorporated  at  Cambridge  in  1623 ;  took  his  M.A.  Dec.  14, 
1624;  B.D.  Trinity  Term,  1631,  and  his  D.D.  July  16, 
1633.  He  became  Rector  of  Riseholme  in  Lincolnshire,  in 
1633,  and  was  Dean  of  Armagh  from  1637  to  1641.  The 
Ulster  Rebellion  in  1641  necessitated  his  flight  from 
Ireland;  and  his  appointment  to  the  Archdeaconry  of 
Carlisle  and  the  Great  Salkeld  living  followed.  Whether 
lie  was  resident  is  not  clear,  still  less  is  it  whether  he  held 
these  appointments  until  the  Restoration.     He  was,  how- 

1.  Vide  pp.  250,  &c. 

2.  Vide  p.  189. 

3.  Hist,  of  Carlisle,  p.  254;   Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  57. 

4.  Vide  p.  649. 

5.  Vide  p.  384. 


Great  Salkeld  361 

ever,  in  charge  of  Buriton  in  Hampshire,  in  January, 
1658.  Mr.  Loftie  says: — "At  the  Restoration,  reinstate- 
ment in  his  former  deanery  or  an  Irish  Bishopric  was 
■offered  to  him,  but  he  declined  to  return  to  Ireland,  and 
accepted  only  the  rectory  of  Haseley,  in  Oxfordshire."  He 
died  at  Bath  July  22,  1661,  at  the  age  of  60;  and  was 
buried  in  the  Abbey  Church.  A  brass  plate  there  bears 
the  following  inscription  :  — 

Petrus   Wentworth   S.T.P.    Patriciorum   proles,    doctrinae   maritus. 
Summus  Hyberniae  decanus,  Angliae  praeconium  primns. 
Ob.  22  Jul.  1661.' 

Lewis  West,  M.A.,  1660—1667. 

He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1660  and  held 
the  living  of  Addingham  as  well,  where  an  account  of  him 
appears.- 

John  Peachall,  D.D.,  1667-8. 

He  was  of  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  graduating 
S.T.B.  in  1661  and  S.T.P.  in  1680.  He  was  collated  to 
Oreat  Salkeld  Nov.  28,  1667,  and  was  also  Prebendary  of 
Carlisle.  He  resigned,  however,  the  following  year  and 
"  returned  to  Cambridge,  where  he  was  chosen  Master  of 
Magdalen  College,  and  yice-Chancellor  of  that  Univer- 
sity." 3 

Thomas  Musgrave,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1668—1682. 

He  was  granted  ''  letters  dismissory  on  February  25, 
1660-1,  being  then  B.A."  *  and  was  collated  to  the  dual 
position  Nov.  23,  1668.  He  was  the  sixth  son  of  Sir 
Philip  Musgrave,  and  entered  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
as  Commoner,  Dec.  15,  1656,  matriculated  March  10, 
1656-7,  took  his  B.A.  July  26,  1659,  M.A.  May  5,  1662, 
and  was  created  B.D.  and  D.D.  Oct.  10,  1685.  He  was 
Rector  of  Whitburn  in  Durham,  in  1675,  being  also  Canon 
of  Durham  Cathedral,  and  of  Chichester  in  1681.  He 
was,   therefore,    a   very   considerable    Pluralist.     Thomas 

1.  Al.    Ox.  ;   Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  62  . 

2.  Vide  p.  355. 

3.  Jefferson's  Hist,  of  Carlisle,  p.  264. 

4.  Episcopal  Eegister. 


362  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Musgrave's  first  wife  was  the  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Harrison  of  Allerthorp,  Yorkshire.  She  died  in  1677^ 
and  lies  in  the  Musgrave  burial  place  at  Edenhall.  His. 
second  wife  was  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Cradock  of 
Richmond,  Yorkshire.  Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1704, 
says  that  the  parsonage  was  left  in  "  a  ruineous  and  Nasty 
Condition  by  Archdeacon  West"  ;  but  that  his  "immediate- 
predecessor  Mr.  Tho.  Musgrave  afterwards  D.D.  and  Dean 
of  Carlile,"  had  "  repair'd  it  handsomely,  and  at  a  Con- 
siderable Charge."^     Mr.  Loftie  says  :  — 

We  can  tell  the  exact  date  of  this  much-needed  restoration  from  a 
stone  door  lintel,  which  was  found  by  the  present  rector  [1900],  built 
into  an  outhouse  wall.  This  stone  has  now  been  inserted  into  the- 
front  wall  of  the  Rectory,  over  the  modern  entrance  door.  It  has 
carved  upon  it,  in  raised  letters,  the  initials  of  the  rector  and  his 
wife,  "T.  and  M.M."  with  the  figures  1674  below. =" 

In  1682  Thomas  Musgrave  resigned  his  Cumberland' 
appointments;  but  in  1684  he  returned  to  his  native- 
County  on  being  made  Dean  of  Carlisle.  He  died  March 
28,  1686,  and  was  buried  in  Durham  Cathedral.^ 

William  Nicolson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1682—1702. 

He  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Nicolson,  for  some  while- 
Rector  of  Plumbland,  his  grandfather  being  Joseph 
Nicolson  of  Averas  Holme,  near  Carlisle,  and  his  grand- 
mother Radigunda  Scott  of  Stanwix.  He  appears  to  have 
been  of  Scotch  descent.*  William  Nicolson's  mother  was 
Mary,  fourth  daughter  of  John  Brisco  of  Crofton;  and  it 
was  Susannah  Brisco,  sister  to  John,  whom  Richard  Gilpin 
had  married.  Dr.  Gilpin's  son,  William,  a  distinguishei 
lawyer,  and  for  some  years  Recorder  of  the  City  of  Carlisle,, 
would  therefore  be  closely  related  to  Bishop  Nicolson ;  and 
in  reference  to  the  latter  Mr.  Jackson  says  :  "  He  thought 
it  not  unbecoming  to  manifest  to  one  so  much  respected  as 
Gilpin  his  usual  dictatorial,  if  not  acrimonious  humour."  ^' 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  124. 

2.  Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  68. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Vide  p.  371.  A  pedigree  of  the  family  appears  in  vol.  i,  p.  48,  of 
the   Trans.    (N.S.). 

5.  Gilpin  Memoirs,  edited  by  Wm.  Jackson,  F.S.A.,  p.  15,  note. 


Great  Salkeld  ^,6^ 

Mr.  Loftie  states  that  William  Nicolson  was  "  born  June 
3rd,  1655,  but  it  is  not  known  for  certain  where,  most 
likely  at  Plumbland,  his  father,  Joseph  Isicolson,  having 
been  rector  there  till  his  death  in  1686.  We  cannot  find 
the  register  of  his  son,  William's  birth,  as  the  registers 
of  that  parish,  unfortunately,  do  not  go  back  so  far.  The 
*  History  '  of  Xicolson  and  Burn  is  plainly  wrong  when  it 
says  that  he  was  born  at  Orton,  as  his  father  was  never 
rector  there,  nor  does  his  name  occur  in  the  registers  which 
are  in  existence  from  1568."  ^  Two  or  three  errors  appear 
in  that  passage.  Joseph  Xicolson,  for  example,  was  not 
continuous  Rector  of  Plumbland  until  his  death.  That 
living  was  in  other  possession  from  about  1648  to  the 
Restoration.  Nor  is  Mr.  Loftie  correct  in  saying  that 
Joseph  Nicolson  was  never  at  Great  Orton.  He  certainly 
was  there  in  1657  ;2  and  Nicolson  and  Burn  are  right 
in  claiming  that  as  William  Nicolson's  birthplace.  It  is 
no  surprise  that  his  name  cannot  be  found  in  the  Registers 
of  Great  Orton,  because  a  gap  occurs  in  them  from  1627 
to  1665,  occupied  only  by  two  bits  of  parchment,  very 
imperfectly  kept.  Hutchinson  also  correctly  gives  Orton 
as  the  place  of  his  birth  and  states  that  he  was  "  the  son 
of  the  rector  of  that  parish."  ^  William  Nicolson's  early 
education  was  obtained  at  Dovenby  School,  near  Bride- 
kirk,  whence  he  went  to  Queen's  College,  where  he  matri- 
culated, July  1,  1670,  at  the  age  of  15.  He  graduated 
B.A.  Feb.  23,  1675-6,  was  Fellow  and  M.A.  in  1679,  and 
became  D.D.,  by  Diploma,  June  25,  1702.  He  was  fortu- 
nate in  the  friendship  of  Sir  Joseph  Williamson,  who, 
early  in  Nicolson's  career,  proved  also  to  be  a  generous 
patron.     In  1671  Nicolson's  father  writes  as  follows:  — 

Honoured  Sr. 

As  it  hath  pleased  God  to  advance  yu  to  an  eminent  trust  in  the 
management  of  the  publiq  affaires  of  this  nation,  so  it  hath  pleased 
him  also  to  give  yu  (which  is  the  greater  mercy)  a  large  heart,  which 
inclines  yu  to  lay  out  yor  interest  for  the  advancement  of  piety  and 

1.  Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  73. 

2.  Vide  p.  230. 

3.  Hutchinson,  vol.  ii,  p.  634. 


'M 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


learning,  especially  in  those  places,  to  which  yu  have  had  any  fornrr 
relation,  whereof  as  I  have  had  frequent  &  credible  reports,  so  I  have 
now  comfortable  experience,  by  your  late  bounty  to  my  sonne,  once  a 
scholar  at  Dovenby,  now  a  student  in  Queen's  Colledge.  For  which 
undeserved  kindnesse,  I  desire  and  shall  allwayes,  indeavor  to  expresse 
my  gratefullnesse.  And  though  I  cannott  requite,  God  will  reward 
your  charity.  But  if  eyther  yor  selfe  or  any  of  your  relations  in  these 
parts  have  any  occasion  or  opportunity  to  make  use  of  mee,  I  shall  bee 
ready  to  expresse  my  Selfe,  as  I  am  obliged  to  bee  (Sr) 

Yor  very  gratefull,  affectionate 


Plumland  Jun. 

13.  1671. 
[Outside] 

plumbland  13th 
June.     E.  17th  71. 

Jos.  Nicholson.' 


&  humble  Servant 


Jos.  Nicholson. 


For  his  Honoured  friend 
Joseph  Williamson  Esq. 
At  Whitehall 
London  these. 


In  1678  Sir  Joseph  sent  him  "  to  Leipsick  in  order  to 
get  acquainted  with  the  high  Dutch  and  other  septen- 
trional languages.  Here  he  translated  an  essay  of  Mr. 
Hook's  towards  a  proof  of  the  motion  of  the  earth  from 
the  sun's  parallax,  out  of  English  into  Latin,  which  was 
there  printed  by  the  professor  who  put  him  upon  it."  ^ 
His  first  living  was  at  Torpenhow,  in  Nov.  1681,  when  he 
became  at  the  same  time  a  Prebendary  of  the  Cathedral; 
and  the  following  year  he  received  in  addition  the  Great 
Salkeld  living  along  with  the  Archdeaconship.  In  1698 
he  relinquished  Torpenhow  and  obtained  Addingham.^ 
"  In  1702,"  write  Nicolson  and  Burn,  "  on  the  eve  of 
Ascension  day  he  was  elected  bishop  of  Carlisle,  confirmed 
June  3,  and  consecrated  June  14  at  Lambeth;  which 
promotion  was  obtained  by  the  interest  of  the  house  of 
Edenhall."  * 

Among  his  friends  he  numbered  Thoresby,  the  anti- 
quarian, who  thus  writes  of  him  :  — 

This  year  1690,  also  began  my  correspondence  with  the  Rev.   Mr. 

Nicholson,   then   archdeacon,   and   since   Bishop   of   Carlisle,    a   most 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  vol.  290,  No.  202. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  293. 

3.  Vide  p.  582. 

4.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  294. 


i 


Great  Salkeld  365 

learned  and  ingenious  antiquary,  from  whom  I  have  received  many 
instructive  letters  upon  those  subjects,  and  in  return  communicated 
some  matters  that  were  not  unacceptable  to  his  Lordship.i 

As  intimated  by  Thoresby,  Bishop  Nicolson  was  as  keen 
an  antiquarian  as  bimself,  and  the  letters  which  passed 
between  them  kept  well  to  this  domain.  Rarely  did  they 
touch  upon  Church  matters,  though  Thoresby,  as  a  IS'on- 
conformist,  was  a  very  moderate  one.  In  one  letter, 
however,  dated  from  Westminster,  Dec.  22,  1702,  Nicolson 
has  one  or  two  personal  items  of  interest.  Referring  to 
Thoresby's  letter,  which  evidently  was  dated  June  3,  he 
says : — 

This  date  is  of  more  Concern  to  me  than  perhaps  any  other  man. 
I  was  born  on  June  3.  1655,  married  the  very  day  this  letter  was 
penned,  June,  3.  1636,  and  confirmed  Bishop  June  3.  1702.  2 

Thoresby's  letters  and  diaries  tell  also  a  very  interesting 
story  of  an  attempted  love  match  in  which  Nicolson 
played  a  prominent  part.  "A  Cumberland  gentleman 
Esquire  Salkeild,"  of  Torpenhow,  wished  to  arrange  a 
marriage  with  Thoresby's  sister  in  law,  the  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Sykes.  The  two  chief  difficulties  seem  to  have  been 
religion  and  the  impoverished  condition  of  the  Squire's 
estate.  Thoresby  was  commissioned  to  go  peregrinating 
through  Cumberland  with  a  view  to  enquiries,  and  among 
those  whom  he  visited  was  George  Larkham.  Under  date 
Sept.  20,  1694,  he  says:  — 

[At  Whitehaven] 

Honest    ilr.   Atkinson,    the   ship    master,    who   wrote    an   obliging 
letter,   to  recommend  us   to   Mr.   Larkham,   for   further   instructions 
about  Mr.  Salkeld,  though  little  expectations  of  success. 
Sept.  21. 

We  rode  to  Tallentire  to  consult  Mr.  Larkham,  the  Nonconformist 
Minister,  to  whom  Mr.  Atkinson  recommended  us,  (son  to  a  good  old 
Puritan,  some  of  whose  works  are  in  print)  about  Mr.  S.  but  received 
the  strongest  reasons  imaginable  against  it,  and  not  fit  to  be  com- 
municated but  to  very  choice  friends  concerned ;  he  walked  with  us  to 
Mr.  Fletcher's,  Copper  Grove,  where  they  are  beginning  to  mine  for 

1.  Thoresby's  Diaries,  vol.  i,  p.  196. 
2-  Thoresby's  Letters,  vol.  i,  p.  428. 


366  The   Ejected    of  1662 

the   mineral  ore    which    abounds   in   this    County ;    thence,    after   a 
consultation,  we  rode  over  the  Moors  directly,  to  Esquire  Salkeild's, 
who  being  all  abroad  at  Bothal  &c  about  the  harvest,  we  were  under 
a    necessity    to    comply  with    them    and  thankfully  accept  a    night's 
lodging,  though  against  my  inclination,  because  foreseeing  a  rupture 
&c.' 
He   speaks   about  "  honest  Parson  Robinson   of   Plumb- 
land  "  who  "  prayed  and  preached  very  affectedly  and  well 
from  Luke  x.  42."      At  dinner  he  "  enjoyed  the  modest 
parson's  good  company,"  and  tells  about  an  affecting  leave 
taking  with  him  "  Parson  Holmes  "  and  others. 

Nicolson  who  was  then  Archdeacon,  and  who  had  the 
living  of  Torpenhow,  was  a  warm  advocate  of  this  match. 
He  says  he  hopes  to  have  the  pleasure  of  seeing  Thoresby 
at  Leeds  when  he  accompanies  his  "  honest  parishioner 
on  so  good  an  errand;"  and  throughout  writes  with  the 
strength  and  passion  of  a  man  greatly  interested  in  the 
case.  In  reference  to  the  religious  difficulty,  Nicolson 
has  one  or  two  passages,  which  are  an  interesting  index 
to  his  character,  and  their  naivete  is  quite  charming.  He 
says : — 

I  must  do  the  young  lady  and  her  mother  the  justice  as  to  own  that 
the  whole  family  [Salkeld]  are  Conformists.  The  old  gentleman  is  as 
zealous  a  Protestant  in  opposition  to  Popery,  as  your  mother-in-law 
can  wish  for ;  and  I  dare  undertake  for  him  that  neither  she  nor  her 
daughter  shall  find  any  reason  to  complain  of  his  bigotry  any  farther. 
Only,  she  must  give  me  leave  to  hope  that  I  may  be  allowed  to 
endeavour  to  bring  both  her  and  her  daughter  to  their  parish  church 
(together  with  the  rest  of  their  relations)  where  I  shall  be  so  happy 
as  to  have  them  within  the  verge  of  my  Cure.  [He  was  then  at 
Torpenhow.]  I  do  faithfully  promise  them  that  they  shall  not  be 
railed  at,  neither  in  the  church  nor  at  home,  if  I  cannot  fairly  prevail 
with  them.  The  women  I  am  sensible  must  be  tenderly  dealt  with  as 
weaker  vessels,  notwithstanding  the  passionate  Concern  that  you  and 
I,  as  antiquaries  may  have  for  the  primitive  discipline  of  our  Church. 

Later  he  says  that  he  has  had :  — 

Occasion  to  discourse  the  old  gentleman  himself  and  can  now  peremp- 
torily engage  for  him  that  in  case  this  treaty  goes  forward,  he  shall 
not  press  either  your  mother-in-law  or  her  daughter  to  any  compliance 
in  religious  worship.  But  still  I  must  be  allowed  to  prevail  with  them, 
if  I  can  do  it  fairly. 

1.  Diaries,  vol.  i,  pp.  270,  273. 


Great  Salkeld  367 

All  this  notwithstanding  Thoresby  enters  in  his  Diary 
under  date  Sep.  29,  1694,  that  after  discoursing  with 
relations  and  others  in  reference  to  the  concern  he  is 
■"  writing  to  Esquire  S.  to  prevent  any  further  proceeds."  ^ 
Bishop  Nicolson  and  Dr.  Todd  were  the  two  men  upon 
whom  Walker  mainly  depended  for  information,  in 
reference  to  Cumberland  when  compiling  his  "  Sufferings 
■of  the  Clergy."  Their  communications,  which  were  some- 
what lengthy,  are  among  the  Walker  MSS.  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  and,  as  they  are  most  illuminating  in  many  ways, 
they  are  printed  here  in  extenso  :  — 

Westmr. 
Sr  Jan.  27.  1704/5. 

In  the  beginning  of  this  week,  I  had  your  Letter  in  one  from  Mr. 
Clavel ;  who  is  now  confined  with  the  gowt.  I  have  assur'd  him, 
that,  as  soon  as  I  return  to  my  Diocese,  I  will  endeavour  to  procure 
Such  Answers  to  your  Queries  as  may  be  to  your  Satesfaction.  My 
Father  was  one  of  those  that  were  ejected  by  the  Rump- Visiters,  his 
Crime  being  his  Serving  the  King  (before  he  was  in  Orders)  under  the 
Command  of  Sr  Philip  Musgrave.  When,  on  the  Restoration  of  K. 
Charles  the  Second,  he  recover'd  his  parsonage,  the  Usurper  (who  had 
«njoyd  the  Liveing  about  a  dozen  years,  complain'd  of  persecution ; 
and  may  now,  for  anything  I  know,  make  one  of  Mr.  Calamy's 
Confessors ;  His  name  was  Gawin  Eglesfield ;  an  illiterate  fellow, 
that  had  not  so  much  Learneing  as  would  honestly  qualify  him  to  be 
an  Usher  in  a  Country-Schole.2 

A  friend  of  mine  is  about  to  publish  a  short  List  of  our  English 
Deans  with  the  Date  of  their  Several  Instalments,  Removals,  or 
Obits  :  And  wants  such  a  Catalogue  of  those  of  Exeter.  If  you  can 
speedily  furnish  me  with  such  an  one  'twill  be  very  obliging.  I 
suppose  this  Session  of  Parliament  may  continue  about  three  weeks ; 
and  so  long  a  Letter  directed  to  Mrs.  Real's  in  the  Old  Palace-yard 
at  Westminster  will  come  safe  to  Sr 

Your  affectionate  Brother 
W.  Carliol. 

Since  I  wrote  my  Letter  Mr.  Clavel  has  sent  me  a  bundle  of  your 
Queries ;  of  wch  I  will  take  effectual  Care ;  if  God  continues  my  Life, 
Health  and  peace  in  the  Borders — I  have  also  another  of  your  Letters 
from  Mr.  Dean  of  Exeter.  3 

1.  See  Thoresby's  Diaries  in  two  vols ;   also  Letters  in  two  vols. 

2.  Yet  he  was  an  Oxford  graduate,  vide  p.  587. 

3.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  2,  No.  109. 


368 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Aug.  6, 
Sr  1705 

I  had  your  Letter  by  the  last  post ;  and,  in  answer  to  it,  can  assure 
you  that  I  have  been  far  fro  being  unmindful  of  Mr.  Walker's 
Queries.  I  got  'em  despers'd  by  Mr.  Chancr.  at  his  Visitation;  And 
I  have  had  several  considerable  Returns  (one  particularly,  very  home 
upon  Mr.  Calamy)  which  I  design,  God  willing,  to  bring  up  with  me 
at  ye  next  Session  of  Parliament.  My  Diocese  is  but  of  a  small 
extent,  not  exceeding  a  hundred  parishes ;  and  perhaps  this  Comer 
of  Our  Kingdome  was  not  so  nicely  sifted  as  ye  rest.  If  there  be  need 
for  hastening  our  Contributions  (small  as  they  are)  upon  the  first 
notice  they  shall  be  speeded  by  Yr  humble  Sert. 

W.  Carliol.i 

[This  was  sent  to  Clavel,  Walker's  publisher,  who  was  collecting 
the  information.] 

Rose,  Aug. 
Sr  20,  1705. 

The  Account  you  are  pleas'd  to  give  me  of  Mr.  Fulman's  Collec- 
tions is  very  obligeing.  If  there  be  any  Notes  in  these  that  relate 
to  the  Diocese  of  Carlile,  or  that  either  Correct  or  enlarge  upon  what 
Goodwin  has  said  of  the  Bishops  of  this  See  I  shall  be  thankful  for 
any  short  Abstract  of  'em. 

Upon  consulting  of  A.  Wood's  Catalogue  of  the  Priors,  Deanes  &c. 
of  my  own  Cathedral  (in  Fol.  262  of  ye  Collection  to  which  you 
kindly  refer  me  amongst  the  Oxford  MSS)  I  found  his  Lists  so  very 
lame  and  defective  that  I  durst  not  depend  upon  what  Reports  he 
made  from  other  Churches.  I  am  sure,  my  friend  (for  whose  use  I 
gave  you  and  others  the  trouble  of  makeing  your  late  Searches)  will 
rectify  a  great  many  Mistakes  in  the  Athenae  Oxonienses;  which 
must  be  suppos'd  to  agree  with  these  MS.  Catalogues. 

I  took  care  (in  performance  of  my  promise  to  have  your  Queries 
despers'd  by  my  Chancellour  at  his  last  Summer's  Visitation  :  And 
there  are  some  Returns  made  which  I  shall  (God  willing)  bring  with 
me  to  London  at  the  next  Session  of  Parliament.  There's  one  of 
these  which  very  particularly  confutes  the  false  Account  which  Mr. 
Calamy  has  given  to  the  pretended  hardships  that  were  put  upon 
the  ejected  Rector  of  Greystock,  who  was  indeed  an  Intruder,  and 
on  Another  who  (before  ye  Restoration)  never  pretended  to  handle  a 
Text,  tho.  that  Author  makes  him  likewise  one  of  his  Confessors. 
You  may  also  expect  a  List  of  those  Dignitaries  of  this  Church  that 
SufTer'd  (as  some  of  'em  did  very  severely)  in  the  generall  Overthrow. 

I  am 
For  the   Revd    Mr.    Walker  Sr 

Rector  of  St.   Mary's  Your  very  affectionate 

in  Exeter.  Bro.  W.   Carliol.2 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  2,  No.  111. 

2.  Ihid.,  C.  2,  No.  113. 


I 


Great  Salkeld  369 

Rose,  Sep. 
Sr  20,  1705. 

I  am  oblig'd  to  you  for  the  kind  care  you  are  pleas'd  to  take  in 
procureing  for  me  those  helps  that  may  be  had  from  Mr.  Fulman's 
papers,  towards  the  illustrateing  ye  History  of  this  Diocese ;  which 
has  long  been  part  of  my  Study,  and  is  like  to  continue  so  as  long 
as  I  live. 

By  God's  Assistance,  I  hope  to  be  in  London  about  the  opening  of 
the  Parliament ;  and  I  shall  bring  with  me  such  Accounts  as  my 
Clergy  have  return'd,  in  Answer  to  your  Queries.  They  are  not 
many.  But  some  of  'em  will  be  thought  very  pertinent.  In  forty 
years  time  the  Eemembrance  of  those  Oppressions  is  (in  many  places) 
quite  vanish'd ;  and  I  wish  ^Ir.  Calamy  had  given  no  occasion  for 
rakeing  together  out  of  ye  Ashes  those  few  Shreds  that  remain. 

I  have  this  day  put  (my  good  friend)  Dr.  Gibson  in  mind  of  the 
promise  he  made  you  in  relation  to  the  Dignitaries  &c  of  Chichester. 
I  wonder  he  should  never  carry  me  into  that  Room  at  Lambeth, 
wherein  (you  tell  me)  there  are  so  many  Surveys  of  Parishes.  I  doubt 
they  have  been  all  taken  within  the  province  of  Canterbury.  Our 
Dean  and  Chapter  have  such  Surveys,  taken  by  the  Commissioners 
of  those  powers  yt  were  in  ye  late  dayes  of  Rebellion  of  all  the  Lands 
Rents  &  Tenemts)  in  the  several  Mannours  belonging  to  their  own 
Body,  and  there  is  likewise  (here,  in  my  Custody)  an  imperfect 
Collection  of  such  Terriers  of  ye  Bishop's  Lands  :  But  I  have  not 
heard  of  any  Remains  of  their  Surveys  of  the  parishes  in  this  Diocese. 
The  meeting  with  these,  at  Lambeth  or  elsewhere,  would  be  a  great 
pleasure  to  me. 

I  heartily  beseech  God  to  strengthen  you  in  all  your  Labours  for  the 
Service   of  his   Church.     And   am  ever 

Sr 
Your  affectionate  Brother 
and  humble  Servant 
W.  Carliol. 
[This  was  sent  to  Mr.  Walker.]' 

The  following  in  response  to  tlie  Bishop's  enquiries  was 
sent  from  Thos.  Gibbon  of  Greystoke  :  — 

Graystcck.  Val.  Near  3001i  p  ann 
William  Morland  A.M.  of  Jesus  College  in  Cambridge  ejected 
Septr  1650  as  by  a  memr  under  his  own  hand  Dat.  Septr  17,  1650. 
After  his  ejectmt  it  lay  void  some  time  &  then  succeeded  one  ]Mr. 
West,  of  whom  I  can  learn  no  more,  but  yt  abt  2  years  end  He  died 
here,  then  came  Dr.   Gilpin,  who  staid  here  till  Mr.   Morland  came 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  2,  No.  115. 


370  The   Ejected    of   1662 

agn  to  claim  his  own.  So  yt  I  cant  see  how  ]Mr.  Calamy  can  say 
he  left  a  good  living  for  his  Nonconformity,  besides  if  I  have  not 
been  wrong  informed  ye  Dr.  was  not  so  willing  to  leave  Gr.  but  if 
he  cd  ha'  perswaded  Mr.  M.  to  ha  quit  claim  to  it,  he  wd  ha  ventur'd 
to  stay  there.  Perhaps  (as  Mr.  Cal.  says)  he  did  not  repent  ye 
exchange,  but  I  must  beleive  Mr.  C.  is  but  guesseing  at  ye  reason  & 
2  to  one  whether  our  guesses  meet.  I'm  sure  I  ha'  reason  to  Repent 
he  ever  was  there ;  for  besides  suffering  ye  houses  to  goe  to  decay, 
he  entirely  demolished  &  pulled  down  47  yds  of  building  in  length 
{as  I  have  it  to  shew  under  Dr.  Smallwoods  own  hand)  :  viz. 

a  byer  or  cowhouse  -  20  yds 

a  pt  of  ye  fratry    -  -      7 

pt  of  ye  oxhouse    -  -      5 
pt  of  ye  browhouse  6 

pt  of  ye  Great  barn  -      9 

and  as  I  have  been  47 

imformed   ye   timber 
was  all  Sold. 

Mr.  Calamy  likewise  reckons  Mr.  Anthony  Sleigh  as  ejected,  but 
wisely  leaves  his  reader  to  guess  fro  whence.  Whilst  Dr.  Gilpin  held 
Gr.  he  was  his  Servt.  (&  as  I  have  been  told,  in  no  very  high  Station) 
'tis  true,  he  gather'd  a  Congregation  at  Penruddock  in  ye  Parish  of 
Gr.  wch  He  kept  up  till  his  Death  (wch  happend  abt  3  or  4  years 
ago)  So  yt  I  think  we  may  make  a  fair  queeri  fro  whence  he  was 
ejected. 

My  Lord 

These  are  ye  best  Memrdums  I  can  get  concerning  things  wch 
happend  soe  long  since,  &  in  a  Country  to  wch  yr  Ldship  knows  I 
was  born  a  Stranger,  if  they  are  not  put  into  ye  method  they  shd  in 
order  to  an  Answer  to  Queeries,  if  yor  Ldship  pleases  to  give  me 
directions  I  shall  do  my  best  to  observe  them,  being 

My  Ld. 

Yr  Lordship's 
In  all  Duty 
Tho  :  Gibbon. 
Graystock,  June  30,   1707. 

This  letter  was  sent  to  the  Bishop,  who  pens  the  following 
on  one  side  :  — 

Neither  Mr.  Morland  nor  any  of  the  other  five  mentiond  in  these 
papers,  had  either  a  Fifth  (or  any  other  share)  of  the  profits  of  their 
Benefices ;  dureing  their  Sequestration.  Mr.  West  was  the  onely 
Surviveing  Member  of  ye  Chapter  at  the  Restoration  of  K.  Ch.  2. 


I 


Great  Salkeld  371 

This  is  followed  thus  :  — 

Besides  the  enclosed  [Gibbon's  letter]  (wch  is  most  home  on  Mr. 
Calamy)  I  had  little  return'd  worth  sending  fro  ye  Diocese  of  Carlile. 
The  other  Clergy-men  of  note,  who  lived  to  be  restor'd  to  yir  Liveings 
in  1660  were  : 

1.  Lewis  West  M.A.    Prebendary  &   Vicar  of  Addingham  in  Cum- 

berland. 

2.  Bernard  Eobinson  M.A.  Vicar  of  Torpenhow  in  Cumberland. 

3.  Joseph  Nicolson  M.A.  Rector  of  Plumbland  in  Cumberland. 

4.  Will  :    Curwen  M.A.   Vicar  of   Crosby-Eavensworth  in  Westmer- 

land. 

5.  Arthur  Savage  M.A.   Rector  of  Brougham  in  Westmerland.' 

To  this  may  be  appended  the  following  extract  from  a 
letter  dated  "  Ap.  6,  1706,  Hacknes,"  signed  by  "  Phi, 
Sydenham,"  who  was  one  of  Walker's  largest  corres- 
pondents :  — 

Of  Carlile  I  hav  onely  Mr.  West  who  survived  wm  I  gav  yu  an 
Acct  of  before  ye  Same  I  suppose  yt  ye  prest  Bp.  hav  giv  yu  he  told 
me  he  cold  detect  sevl  gross  mistakes  wch  I  suppose  he  hav  sent  yu 
unless  he  is  afraid  to  desplease  Cant.  &  Godolphin.  I  beleiv  his  own 
ffather  was  a  temporizer  Vicar  of  Plumbtree  [Plumbland]  in  Cumberld 
&  I  am  afraid  ye  son  has  an  itch  of  it  too  but  yt  is  not  Strang  or 
unusual  wth  Scots  nay  a  desease  yt  reigns  &  rages  too  much  wth  us 
God  preserve  me  fro  it.2 

Dr.  Todd's  communications  are  as  follow :  — 
Sir 

I  am  much  obliged  to  you  for  many  favours.  I  had  my  Brother's 
Letter  inclosed  by  you ;  &  sent  it  to  Him  to  Chatham,  where  he 
then  was.  He  is  now  (as  He  tells  me)  for  the  West  Indies  again; 
And  hopes  to  Return,  with  better  success.  If  he  owe  you  anything 
lett  me  know  :  &  I  will  doe  what  I  can ;  that  you  may  have  what  is 
due  to  you. 

I  see  in  ye  Gazet  that  you  are  about  printing  an  Acct  of  Sufferers 
in  ye  late  Rebellion  Lett  me  know,  who  undertakes  the  Work  -.  &  if 
you  have  no  particular  Accounts  from  the  North  I  shall  be  ready  to 
give  you  the  best  Information  I  can.  Such  a  Work,  should  be  as 
Compleat  as  possible,   that  None   Complain  of  omissions.     With  my 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  2,  No.  489. 

2.  Ibid.,  C.  3,  No.  107. 


372  The   Ejected   of  1662 


Service  to  Mrs.  Clavell ;  and  your  son  Tully  &  all  friends.     I  am  with 
Great  Trueth 

Your  very  assured  frd  [friend]  to  Serve 
Penrith  Apr.   1,   1704.  you 

Hugh  Todd.^ 
Sir 

You  are  pleased  to  desire  of  me  an  Account  of  the  Sufferings  of  the 
Clergy  of  the  Diocese  of  Carlisle  during  the  time  of  the  great  Rebellion 
and  Usurpation.  The  Diocese  of  Carlisle,  as  it  lyes  next  to  Scotland, 
so  upon  the  Invasion  of  the  Scots  in  ye  begining  of  ye  Civil  Warrs, 
it  suffer'd  extremely  in  Taxes  and  Impositions  for  the  Subsistance  of 
their  Army  :  and  the  Clergy  more  then  any  others.  Upon  the  death 
of  Barnaby  Potter  Bp  of  Carlisle  1641  :  The  most  Reverend  Dr. 
Jamfes  Ussher  ABp  of  Armaugh  who  had  then  fled  into  England  upon 
acct  of  the  Rebellion  &  Massacre  in  Ireland,  had  the  Bprick  bestowd 
upon  Him  in  Comendam  by  the  King.  The  Recomendamus  bears 
Date  the  16th  of  Febr.  Regn  17  (1642)  By  Vertue  of  it,  He  Comis- 
sions  Isaac  Singleton  Archdeacon  &  Chancellor  Lane  Dawes  D.D. 
and  the  rest  of  the  Prebendaries  of  Carlisle  &  Others,  to  grant 
Institutions  and  Exercise  Episcopal  Juresdiction  in  his  absence.  The 
Sufferings  of  that  Great  Prelate,  are  well  known ;  but  whether  they 
were  any  way  alleviated  by  any  Revenues  from  Carlisle  is  somewhat 
uncertain  for  the  Confusions  came  on  so  fast,  that  the  Stewards  and 
Agents  whom  He  employ'd  were  either  unable  to  gett  up  wt  might 
be  due  to  ye  Bprick,  or  what  they  did  receive,  was  not  paid  to  Him, 
as  it  ought  to  have  been.  When  the  Rebells  had  got  Power,  all 
Arrears  and  growing  Rents,  were  collected  for  their  Use,  by  one 
Barker  their  Agent,  who  destroy'd  the  Woods,  pillaged  the  Castle  of 
Rose,  the  Bps  Residence,  and  carry 'd  off  many  of  the  Stones  to 
build  his  own  House  &  barns.  He  did  not  live  long  after  the 
Restoracon ;  and  now  his  son  and  Posterity  are  gone,  &  The  Houses 
&  Land  sold.  About  ye  year  1645,  One  Mr.  Lowther,  who  had  been 
Constable  of  ye  Castle  of  Rose,  got  some  Provisions  and  Arms  and 
about  20  or  30  of  the  Tenants  into  ye  Castle,  and  thought  to  have  kept 
it  for  the  right  Power.  This  attempt  soon  allarmed  some  of  Coll 
Heveninghams  Regiment,  who  then  lay  in  ye  County,  who  imediately 
came  &  beat  out  ye  poor  Garreson  &  sett  fire  to  ye  Place,  wch  burnt 
down  the  best  &  greatest  part  of  it,  wch  remains  unrepaird  to  this 
day.  Heveningham,  Sykes  &  some  other  officers  of  the  Rebeil  Army 
had  the  woods.  Lands,  &  Revenues  both  of  ye  Bp.  &  Dean  &  chapter, 
for  their  Debentures ;  who  sold  them  at  easy  Rates  to  gentm  and 
Others  of  ye  County,  who  were  of  their  Interest.  In  the  begining 
of  ye  Civil  Warrs  Thomas  Comber  D.D.  and  Master  of  Trinity  Coll. 
Cambr  was  Dean  of  Carlisle.  He  was  promoted  to  that  character 
by  K.  C.  1,  reg.  5.     He  seldom  came  at  Carlisle  so  nothing  is  known 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  1,  fol.  33. 


Great  Salkeld  i^y^ 

particularly  of  Him  or  his  Sufferings  in  that  Place.     He  was  a  very 
Learned  man,  &  a  great  Sufferer ;  being  Ejected  out  of  his  Deanery 
and  all  other  his  Prefermts.     He  dy'd  about  ye  Time  of  ye  Resteraon. 
The  Canons  or  Prebendaries  of  Carlisle  A.D.   1641  were  Lancelot 
Dawes  D.D.    Lewes   West   M.A.   Richard   Smith  B.D.'    &   Frederick 
Tonstall    A.M.    four   being   their   Number.     They   were  All    men   of 
Marck  and  Learning  and  All  suffer'd  togeather  in  the  Cause  of  the 
King  and  Church.     In  ye  year,  1643,  upon  the  Death  of  Mr.  Smith 
Mr.  Henry  Hutton,  a  very  Learned  and  Reverend  Person,  son  to  the 
Eminent  Judge  Hutton  and  R«ctor  of  Long  Marton,  in  ye  Diocese, 
was  Collated  to  ye  4th  Prebend,  by  the  ArchBp.,  but  the  Confusions 
of  the  Times,  were  so  great,  that  he  never  enjoy'd  any  Benefit  by 
the  Promotion ;  nor  did  he  live  till  the  Reestablishmt  of  the  Church. 
The  City  of   Carlisle,   with  ye  Walls  of  wch  the  Cathedral   Church 
stands  tho  separated  from  ye  Town  by  an  Inclosure,  in  ye  year  1644 
&  1645  endur'd  a  Seige  and  Blockade  of  16  or  18  months,  and,  was 
One  of  the  last  Garrisons  that  surrender'd  to  the  Rebell  Party  Upon 
Articles  of  Surrendry  to  David  Lesley  Lieutennt  Genii  of  the  Scotch 
Cavalry,   the    Fairish    &    Windows    of   the    Cathedral,    were    to   be 
preserv'd  entire  and  ye  Members  of  the  College  then  Resident  were 
to  remain  unmolested.     But  shortly  after,  other  Soldiers  being  sent  to 
Garrison  the  Fort,   and  the  King's  Interest  declining  all  manner  of 
Sacrilegious  violence  was  Comitted.     The  Books,  Records,  and  Muni- 
ments of  the  Cathedral  were  burnt,  torn,  dispersed  or  embessel'd  (?). 
The  Chapter  Hou.se  wch  was  a  very  elegant  Building,  the  Houses  of 
ye    Canons    &     ^Minor-Canons ;     the    Dormitory,    the    Cloisters    and 
almost   the    whole   Fairish   of   the    College,    was    demolishd,   and    the 
Stones,  Timber  and  Lead  converted  to  the  private  use  of  those,  who 
had   Usurped  the  Place  &   Power  of  their  Lawfull   Superiors.     And 
wch  was  the  greatest  Violance  of  all,  the  .prevailing  Rebells,  order'd 
the  Soldiers  to  pull  down  the  Porch,  wch  was  very  magnificent,  and 
the  Body,  of  the  Parochiall  Church  of  St.   Maries,  wch  joins  to  the 
Cathedrall  and  to  blow  up  the  Pillars  with  Gunpowder  :   And  em- 
ploy'd  the  Materials  to  build  a  Main  Guard  in  ye  Market  Place,  and 
three  Guard  Chambers,  at  the  three  Gates  of  the  City,  wch  remain 
to  this  day,  both  a  Blemish  to  ye  Cathedral,  and  a  Reflexion  on  ye 
.  Piety  of  better  Times.     About  ye  year  1657  the  Cathedral  growing 
ruinous  by  ye  neglect  of  its  Reparacons ;  a  Contract  was  made  by  ye 
Usurpers  for  the  Sale  of  the  Lead  and  Materials;  and  Soldiers  were 
order'd  to  pull  it  down.     They   were   got  upon  the   Roof,   and  had 
certainly   executed  their   Comands,  had   not  the  then   :Mayor   of  the 

1.  Under  date  April  20,  1642,  Doctor  Dawes  and  "]Mr.  Richard 
Smyth"  are  given  as  "Divines  fit  to  be  consulted  in  relation  to  Church 
matters"  in  Cumberland  (C.  J.,  vol.  ii,  p.  535). 


374  The    Ejected   of  1662 

City  Mr.  Tullie  prevaild  with  ye  Comandant,  to  stay  the  Execution 
of  his  Orders  till  he  might  heare  from  ye  Governmt  wt  their  Inten- 
tions were.  In  the  mean  time  Cromwell  sickens  &  dyes ;  and  ye 
Cathedral  stands,  as  a  Monument  of  that  fortunate  Period. 

The  Sufferings  of  the  Parochial  Clergy  of  ye  Diocess  of  Carlisle, 
were  as  great,  considering  the  paucity  of  their  numbers,  and  the 
meanness  of  their  Prefermts  as  of  any  Diocess  in  ye  Kingdom.  Their 
Persecutors  had  several  Comittees  composed  chiefly  of  Tradesmen  and 
Inferior  Persons.  These  were  Ambulatory,  and  remov'd  from  Place 
to  place  as  they  saw  occasion ;  the  Chief  Residence  was  at  New 
Castle  upon  Tine.  Some  of  their  Ministers  were  mix'd  with  these 
Comittee-men ;  but  alwaies  of  a  lesser  number  then  their  Justices  of 
Peace  and  Tradesmen.  The  Episcopal  Clergy,  when  they  were  con- 
ven'd  before  these  Judges  to  answer  for  themselves  &  their  Doctrines 
could  not  but  observe,  that  the  Men  of  Trade,  who  were  got  upon  ye 
Bench,  such  as  Caister  Studholme  Langhorn  &c  were  alwaies  most 
busy,  and  asked  them  the  most  Questions  whereas  some  gentlemen 
who  were  misledd  into  their  Interests ;  and  some  Military  Officers 
who  had  more  breeding  &  generosity  treated  them  with  Civility  & 
Respect  and  were  ready  on  all  occasions  to  doe  them  all  ye  good 
offices  they  could  or  durst  doe. 

The  Questions  they  asked  them  were,  generally  about  ye  Justice 
of  their  own  Proceedings,  the  Divine  Right  of  their  Church  Governmt ; 
about  Grace  and  Election  &c.  And  to  one  who  was  willing  to  submit 
his  gifts  to  their  Tryall,  they  gave  a  Text  out  of  ye  7th  to  ye  Rom. 
I  find  amongst  the  Papers  of  one  who  was  a  Sufferer  [Mr.  Thomas 
Todd  Rector  of  Hutton  my  Father]  in  those  Times  that  when  he  was 
convend  before  the  Comittee  he  was  ask'd  by  a  Shop  Keeper  one  of 
his  Judges,  who  was  the  best  Interpreter  of  Scripture.  And  when 
he  had  given  a  good  &  proper  answer  to  such  a  wild  Question  the 
next  Interrogation  was,  Do  you  ever  use  the  Lord's  Prayr.  And  in 
a  short  time  He  was  Ejected  out  of  his  Living,  and  One  Jackson,  a 
bawling.  Illiterate  Man  put  in  his  Place,  who  held  it  and  another 
Parish,  during  the  whole  time  of  the  Usurpation.  When  this  Person 
and  Others  of  the  same  Judgmt  were  sent  for  under  Custody  to 
Carlisle  and  there  kept  as  Prisoners  for  some  time,  all  that  was  laid 
to  their  charge  was  that  they  Baptiz'd  Children,  Visited  ye  Sick,  and 
sometimes  preach 'd  privately,  to  their  Parishoners  &  Others.  They 
were  very  Inquisitive  into  ye  Lives  &  Convsacons  of  the  Regular 
Clergy,  and  if  they  could  find  the  least  fault  there,  they  proclaim'd 
it  with  all  possible  aggravations,  and  declar'd  them  to  be  Ejected  as 
Scandalous  Ministers,  One  was  Ejected  avowedly  for  hunting  and 
going  to  a  Publick  House  :  Another's  Crime  was  that  he  worked  in 
his  Garden  on  ye  Sabbath  day  in  ye  Evening ;  and  to  another  waa 
imputed  the  Errors  of  his  Servants,  wch  he  could  not  prevent. 


Great  Salkeld  375 

The  most  Opulent  Liveing  in  ye  Diocess  is  the  Rectory  or  Collegiate 
Church  of  Graystock,  Mr.  Willm  Morland  A.M.  who  had  been 
Presented  to  it,  by  Thomas  Earl  of  Arundel  was  ejected  out  of  it ; 
&  the  Tiths  &  Glebe  lett  to  Farmers  :  and  one  Mr.  Rich  Gilpin,  who 
(as  I  have  heard)  was  bred  a  Queristier  at  Durham,  and  afterwards 
was  Usher  or  Master  of  the  Free  School  there,  and  who  following 
the  Interests  of  the  prevailing  Party  at  Durham  and  those  Parts ; 
was  appointed  to  supply  the  Place  and  take  Possession  of  ye  Par- 
sonage house  and  Revenues.  This  Mr.  Gilpin  was  a  Leading  Man 
of  the  Party.  He  comonly  Presided  as  Moderator  in  Private  Assem- 
blies ;  Printed  a  Sermon,  wch  he  preach'd  at  Keswick  with  a  Creed 
or  Confession  of  their  Faith,  wch  was  Licensed  by  Mr.  Tim.  Tullie, 
who  was  Moderator  pro  tempore ;  and  Published  some  Discourses  or 
Sermons  wch  he  had  Preach'd  at  Greystock  upon  Gal.  3,  1  and  was 
deservedly  esteem'd  a  Person  of  the  best  Learning  and  most  Modera- 
tion of  any  of  the  Presbyterian  Party  in  these  Parts.  After  the 
Restoration  of  Episcopacy  1660  He  practised  Physick  &  took  Degree 
in  that  Faculty  at  Leyden  and  tho'  he  came  in  to  ye  Measures  of 
King  James  1686  and  Addressd  that  Prince  from  the  Liberty  of 
Conscience  wch  he  graunted  and  kept  a  Meeting  house  at  New  Castle 
yet  he  was  so  well  satesfy'd  with  ye  Conduct  of  ye  Episcopall  Clergy 
during  that  Reign  that  he  frequently  came  to  Comon  Prayer  &  desir'd 
at  his  death  (as  I  have  been  told)  that  he  n~ight  be  bury'd  According 
to  the  Order  &  Rites  of  the  Establi-shed  Church. 

Mr.  Frederick  Tonstall  a  Person  of  Quality  and  Learning  was 
Ejected  out  of  ye  Rectory  of  Caldbeck ;  and  a  farr  less  deserving 
person  putt  in  his  Place,  Mr.  John  Haisty  lost  his  Vicaridge  of 
Penreth  &  one  Baldwin  a  stranger,  had  it  from  ye  Comittee.  Mr. 
Leonard  Milburn  Son  to  ye  Bp.  of  Carlisle  of  yt  Name  was  depriv'd 
of  the  Rectory  of  Skelton ;  Mr.  Arthur  Savage  of  the  Rectory  of  St. 
Ninians ;  Mr.  Thomas  Todd  of  ye  Rectory  of  Hutton  and  Mr.  Lewes 
West  of  the  Vicaridge  of  Adingham.  And  not  to  insist  upon 
Particulars  All  the  clergy  of  the  Diocess  were  Ejected  except  a  very 
few  :  and  in  their  Persons  &  Families  exposed  to  all  the  miseries  and 
Calamities  in  ye  World.  Their  Revenues  and  Glebes  were  sett  to 
Farme  by  Persons  Employ'd  for  that  purpose ;  and  the  Money  that 
arose  from  them,  was  paid  in  by  the  Farmers  to  the  Comittee,  who 
destributed  it  amongst  their  Itinerant  Ministers  &  Preachers,  as  they 
thought  fitt.  For  tho  they  Ejected  the  Episcopal  Clergy  and  so  left 
many  Cures  vacant,  they  did  not  care  to  supply  them,  nor  could  they 
doe  it  presently  with  particular  Incumbents ;  But  they  entertain'd 
certain  Publick  Preachers,  New  Lights  as  ye  People  called  them, 
Some  of  whom  they  had  out  of  the  Southern  Parts,  as  Larkham 
Polewheal,  Madder  &c.  whom  they  Commission'd  to  gee  about  ye 
Country,  and  to  sow  the  seeds  of  Schism  and  Sedition  in  all  parts. 


376  The   Ejected   of  1662 

At,  and  about  Carlisle  some  of  the  Military  Independent  Ofl&cers 
frequently  saved  them  of  the  Trouble,  and  in  their  Buff-Coats  & 
Armour  talked  to  ye  people,  what  they  thought  fitt.  In  Gelsland 
and  the  Parts  that  lye  next  to  Northumberland  Mr.  Hickeringill,  the 
new  turbulent  Man  at  Colche.«ter,'  Mr.  Rowland  Nichols  then  Rector 
of  Aikton  and  the  late  Lord  Eskridge  of  famous  memory,  exercised 
their  Parts.  All  men  of  much  more  Witt  and  Ingenuity  then  solidity 
and  serious  Religion,  who  were  brought  into  these  Parts,  by  a  Person 
of  Honour,  who  had,  in  some  measure,  embraced  the  prevailing 
Interest  of  these  Times. 

The  People  generally  had  no  great  likeing  to  these  New  Guides. 
They  thought  them  Usurpers  and  Intruders  into  other  Men's  Rights. 
And  upon  all  Opportunity  were  glad  to  hear  Sermons  and  Instruc- 
tions from  their  Regular  and  Lawfull  Pastors.  Those  who  were  most 
zealous  in  the  New  way  &  who  attended  their  Sermons  &  Repititions 
with  most  Devotion,  very  many  of  them  being  Quakers  &  Enthusiasts ; 
and  George  Fox,  who  was  born  in  the  Diocess2  and  was  One  of  the 
Inventors  of  Quakerism,  had  a  plentifull  Harvest  of  Converts  in  these 
Times  (as  he  tells  ye  world  in  his  Life  &  Sufferings)  the  ill  Conse- 
quences of  wch  are  much  to  be  deplored  at  this  day. 

Amongst  the  Presbyterian  &  Independent  Teachers  those  who 
comply'd  &  Conform'd  at  ye  Restoration  were  observ'd  to  be  of  no 
greate  or  more  laudable  Attainments  then  those  that  had  been  Ejected 
to  make  room  for  some  of  them.  They  were  remarkably  peevish  and 
Contentious,  Some  of  them  of  a  loose  &  Careless  Conversation  and 
what  was  a  very  ill  Consequence  of  their  Complyance,  notwithstanding 
all  the  Care  of  their  Superiors,  and  their  own  Solemn  Promises  & 
Obligations  to  observe  the  Canons  &  Rules  of  ye  Liturgy  they 
advancd  but  to  a  Lame  &  partial  Conformity,  and  in  a  manner  made 
their  Churches  they  were  legally  Inducted  into  as  Irregular  &  dis- 
orderly as  their  Meetings  &  Conventicles  had  been.  The  Regular 
Clergy  who  suffer'd,  tho  they  were  reduc'd  to  their  greatest  streeghts 
both  in  their  Persons  &  Families  yet,  they  had  the  Comforts  not  only 
of  a  good  Conscience  but  likewise  the  Assistance  &  Support  of  Sevll 
Persons  of  Quality  and  Condition,  who  were  ready  upon  all  occasions 
to  doe  them  good.  These  were  the  Loyall  &  Episcopall  Nobility  & 
Gentry ;   who  tho  they  were   Sequester'd   &  confin'd   themselves  yet 

1.  He  was  for  some  time  a  Captain  in  Major-General  Fleetwood's 
forces  and  subsequently  was  Vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  Colchester,  for  a 
short  time,  and  Rector  of  All  Saints  in  the  same  place  for  46  years. 
A  couple  of  letters,  which  reveal  the  oddness  of  the  man,  appear  in 
Thoresby's  Letters  (vol.  i,  p.  447  :  vol.  ii,  p.  8 ;  vide  also  Diaries,  vol.  i, 
p.  250). 

2.  A  curious  blunder,  vide  p.  118. 


Great  Salkeld  I'j'j 

found  means  to  relieve  &  Support  their  Suffering  Clergy.  Amongst 
those  the  most  considerable  were  the  Et  Honble  the  Countess  of 
Pembroke  Sir  Philip  Musgrave  Baronet  Sir  John  Lowther,  Sir  Rich. 
Grahme  &  many  others. 

To  enter  into  ye  Detail  of  ye  Sufferings  of  all  the  Clergy,  would  be 
endless.  To  represent  to  you  how  they  were  robb'd  plunder'd, 
abused,  Imprison'd ;  How  the  bread  was  taken  out  of  their  Children's 
Mouths  by  Merciless  Sequestrators ;  How  Soldiers  were  order'd  to 
Quarter  upon  them ;  How  their  Children  &  Family  were  exposed  to 
the  wide  World ;  and  how  some  of  them  hardly  escaped  with  Life, 
from  the  fury  &  malice  of  their  Enemies.  Imagine  all  ye  barbarous 
and  Sacrilegious  fury  that  you  can  think  of  insulting  over  the  greatest 
Piety  &  Inocence ;  a  Company  of  Wolves  lett  loose  upon  a  Flock  of 
poor  harmless  sheep ;  or  the  Scotch  Presbyterian  Rabble  doing  all 
manner  of  Violence  as  they  lately  did  to  ye  Episcopal  &  Regular 
Clergy  and  you  may  have  some  sort  of  an  Idea  of  their  Sufferings. 
June  1,  1704. 

Your  most  humble  Servant. 

I  perceive  your  Author  is  One  Mr.  Walker  of  Exeter  :  by  a  general 
Letter  that  came  to  Carlisle,  to  wch  Mr.  Tullie  gave  a  short  Answer 
some  particulars  whereof  he  had  from  me.  He  may  take  out  of  this 
Account  wt  may  be  necessary  to  his  Design,  &  if  he  want  any 
further  Information  in  any  thing  I  shall  be  ready  to  give  it  him. 
You  will  write  to  your  Friends,  in  other  Diocesses,  particularly 
Durham  &  York,  who  may  furnish  you  with  more  considerable 
Materials.     I  hope  to  see  you  in  a  few  ^Months. 

To  Mr.  Robert  Clavell  Bookseller  at  the  Peacock  in 
St.   Paul's  Churchyard 
London. ' 

In  a  shorter  communication  addressed  : 

"  To  the  Eeverend  Mr.  John  Walker,  Rector  of 
St.  Mary's  in  the  City  of  Exeter, 

Exon. 
Per  London  Males," 
Dr.  Todd  duplicates  this  somewhat,  but  the  document  is 
too  interesting  to  be  omitted  :  — 
Sir 

I  reed  a  Letter  from  you,  sometime  since  enclosed  in  One  from 
Mr.  Dean  of  Carlisle,  I  had  waited  on  you  with  an  Answer  to  it 
sooner  had  not  some  extraordinary  Business  diverted  me. 

The  Diocese  of  Carlisle  lying  next  to  Scotland  suffer'd  more  in  the 
Begining  of  the  Rebellion,  by  the  Incursions  of  the  Scots,  and  their 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.   1,  No.  33. 


378  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Quartering  in  these  Northern  Parts,  then  any  other  Diocese  of 
England.  Upon  Dr.  Potter's  death  1641  (who  dy'd  at  London) 
ArchBp.  Usher  had  a  Comendamus  for  the  Bishopk.  of  Carlisle  from 
C.  I.  dated  Febr.  16  1642.  What  the  Sufferings  of  that  great  Prelat 
were  you  may  have  an  account  of  His  Life  writ  by  Dr.  Brenard. 

The  Deane  of  the  Cathedral  was  then  Thomas  Comber  D.D.  and 
Master  of  Trinity  Coll.  Camb.  afterwards  Ejected  :  a  most  Learned 
and  worthy  Person.  The  Canons  (or  Prebendaries  wch  are  4  in 
number,  were  these  Lancelot  Dawes  D.D.  Vicar  of  Barton  &  Rector 
of  Asby,  Rich.  Smith  S.T.B.  Lewis  West  A.M.  and  Frederick 
Tonstall  A.M.  Isaac  Singleton  A.M.  was  Arch  Deacon  &  Chancellor. 
Upon  Mr.  Smith's  death  Henry  Hutton  A.M.  Son  to  Judge  Hutton 
Rector  of  Marton  was  Collated  by  ArchBp.  Usher  to  the  4th  Prebend. 
In  the  year  1646  All  these  Learned  Persons  were  Ejected  out  of  their 
Livings  &  Dignities ;  except  Dr.  Dawes  who  kept  his  Liveings  by 
complying  ['  mind  that ']  ^  to  the  Times. 

The  Parochiall  Clergy  generally  ['mind  that  also']  were  deprived  upon 
one  pretence  or  other.  The  great  Reason  was  their  Refusal  to  comply 
with  the  Usurpation  and  the  Terms  of  it.  To  one,  was  objected,  his 
using  to  Hunt  sometimes,  to  Another  his  Walking  in  his  Garden  on 
ye  Sabboth  Day  &  to  Several  their  using  the  Lord's  Prayer.  Mr. 
Willm  Morland  was  Ejected  from  ye  Great  Living  of  Graystock ;  & 
One  Mr.  Bernards  Gilpin  (who  had  been  educated  in  the  Cathedral 
of  Durham,  &  a  great  Stickler  in  those  Times)  was  put  into  his  place. 
Mr.  Thomas  Todd  Rector  of  Hutton  (INIy  Father)  was  deprivd  for  his 
adherence  to  the  Royall  Cause.  For  the  same  reason  Mr.  Milburn, 
Canon  of  St.  Davids,  and  Rector  of  Skelton  Son  to  ye  Bp  Milburn 
lost  his  Prefermt.  In  short  All  the  Clergy  of  the  Diocese  about  100 
in  Number,  were  ejected  out  of  their  Liveings  &  inferiour,  illiterate, 
bold  rude  Persons  were  violently  put  into  their  Places.  Some  of  the 
Country,  as  Mr.  Tullie,  &  Mr.  Nicholson  Fathers  to  the  present 
Bp  &  Chancellor  &  some  out  of  the  West  of  England  as  Larkham 
Madder,  Pollwheal  &c  Dr.  Stubbs,  Hickringill  Ld.  Howard  of 
Eskrigg  Mr.  Nichols  (afterwards  Chanc.  of  Carlisle)  and  Others 
exercised  their  pretended  gifts  in  the  Independent  &  Anabaptistical 
way  in  some  Parts  of  ye  Diocess. 

Not  many  of  Ihe  Loyall  &  Episcopal  Clergy  surviv'd  the  Calamities 
of  the  Rebellion.  Those  of  the  Presbyterian  Interest,  who  comply'd 
at  the  Restoration,  prov'd  but  halfe  Conformists ;  and  thereby  did 
great  Injury  to  ye  Discipline  &  Order  of  the  Church. 

If  you  please  to  impart  any  more  particular  intimations  of  your 
Intentions  for  ye  Publick  Good  in  ye  Work  you  are  upon  :  I  shall 

1.  These  interpolations  are  Walker's. 

2.  Another  of  Todd's  blunders,  and  his  opinion  of  Gilpin  here  is  much 
less  favourable  than  the  other. 


Great  Salkeld  379 

endeavour  to  give  you  the  best  Satisfaction  I  am  able.  I  look  upon 
your  Design  to  be  very  laudable ;  &  wch  may  have  a  happy  Influence 
upon  the  Discipline  of  our  Church;  &  'tis  particularly  recomended 
to  me  (with  its  author)  by  my  excellent  Friend  Mr.  Dean  of  Carlisle  : 
all  wch  arguments  prevail  with  me  to  serve  you  to  the  utmost  of 
my  abilities.  I  heartily  wish  you  all  good  Success  &  remain  with  all 
possible  respect 

Sr 
Penrith  July  6  Your  most  affectionate 

1706  Friend  &  Brother 

Hugh  Todd. 
If  I  remember  right  I  gave  some 
acct  of  these  matters  formerly  to 
Mr.  Clavell,  your  Bookseller  at 
London,  upon  a  Request  as  from 
your  Selfe.^ 

Sir 

I  reed  yours  of  the  15th  of  the  last  Month  wch  came  thro  Mr. 
Clavell's  hands. 

As  to  ye  Contents  of  it.  In  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Carlisle  there 
is  no  Chancellour,  No  Treasurer,  No  Chanter  as  Dignitaries,  as  in 
some  other  Cathedrals.  The  Number  of  Minor  Canons  is  eight.  All 
wch  were  ejected  in  the  late  great  Rebellion  :  what  their  names  were 
I  can  not  (now)  positively  tell  you. 

What  you  may  receive  from  another  hand,  as  to  ye  Person  you 
are  pleased  to  enquire  after,  I  doe  not  question  the  Trueth  of  it  :  Nor 
would  I  press  such  Historical  Accounts  too  close  at  the  heeles.     This 

I  think  is  certain — that  the  Person  [Walker  adds  "father  of  Bp. 
Nicolson "]  comply'd  to  ye  Triers,  supply'd  the  Liveing  of  Sannix 
out  of  wch  Mr.  Preistman  was  ejected,  was  one  who  purchased  the 
Lands  of  Dean  &  Chr  and  who  was  Re-ordained  by  Bp  Stern  at  ye 
Restoration ;  and  who  after  he  had  a  Liveing  was  more  of  a  Dissenter, 
then  a  Conformist. 

I  wish  you  success  in  your  Undertaking  and  remain,  with  great 
trueth  Sir 

Your  most  assur'd  friend  &  Brother 
Hugh  Todd. 
Penrith 

Novr  7,  1706.== 

It  is  interesting  to  note  how  silent  Nicolson  is  about 
the  true  part  played  by  his  father  during  the  Common- 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  3,  No.  121 

2.  Ibid.,  C.  3,  No.  210. 


38o  The   Ejected    of  1662 

wealth  period.  Todd's  reserve  and  self  restraint  also  are 
remarkable,  and  somewhat  to  his  credit,  in  view  of  the 
strained  relations,  which  so  often  existed,  between  the 
Bishop  and  himself.  Walker  clearly  had  his  scruples ; 
hence  his  letter  to  Todd,  who,  in  reply,  does  not  even 
mention  Nicolson  by  name,  and  suggestively  adds  that 
he  would  not  "  press  such  Historical  Accounts  too  close  at 
the  heeles."  In  his  account  also  of  Joseph  Nicolson, 
Walker  says  that  he  is  "  obliged  to  mention  him,  because 
he  was  actually  turned  out  of  the  Plumbland  living," 
though  he  afterwards  "  got  a  Better  Living,  viz.,  that  of 
Sannix."  ^  All  three,  however,  conspired  to  perpetuate 
the  fiction  of  Joseph  Nicolson's  sufferings.  The  whole 
of  the  correspondence  does  not  tend  to  increase  our 
confidence  in  the  three  men  as  historical  witnesses  in 
relation  to  these  matters.  Walker's  book  was  intended 
to  be  a  reply  to  Calamy's,  which  had  greatly  excited  the 
indignation  of  many  of  the  Clergy;  and  the  idea  was  to 
get  anything  which,  as  x^icolson  puts  it,  would  "  be  very 
home  upon  Mr.  Calamy."  It  was  human,  and  the 
correspondence  shows  how  good  and  able  men  under  the 
influence  of  this  spirit  have  laid  themselves  open  to  the 
charge  of  serious  exaggeration  and  suppressio  veri. 

Bishop  Nicolson  was  a  most  active  and  pushful  Prelate. 
That  he  resolved  upon  his  position  being  no  sinecure  is 
made  abundantly  clear  by  his  Diaries  and  Visitation 
notes.  He  got  at  variance  with  his  Dean,  Dr.  Atterbury, 
and  the  controversy  between  them  was  both  extended  and 
bitter.  In  Dr.  Todd  also,  he  found  a  thorn  in  the  flesh. 
Both  strong  personalities  and  able,  the  relations  between 
them  were  greatly  strained ;  and  eventually  tlie  Bishop 
excommunicated  his  recalcitrant  subordinate.  His 
Diaries  abound  in  references  to  his  differences  with 
Atterbury  and  Todd,  and  it  is  impossible  to  read  them 
without  feeling  that  his  masterfulness  was  largely 
responsible  for  them.  Under  date  March  20,  1707/8, 
while  he  was  in  London,  he  thus  writes  in  his  Diary :  — 

1.  Walker,  pt.  ii,  p.  316. 


I 


Great  Salkeld  381 

At  dinner  wth  Sr.  James  Montague;  in  whose  presence  and  Coll  : 
Grahme's  (as  attested  under  yir  hands)  Dr.  Todd  declar'd,  That  he 
would  behave  himself  dutifully  and  respectively  to  ye  Bp  of  Carlile, 
according  as  ye  Canons  of  ye  Church,  ye  local  Statutes  of  ye  Cathe- 
dral and  ye  Laws  of  the  Land  do  require;  and  with  all  Readyness 
do  every  thing  yt  can  be  expected  by  a  Bp  from  a  Dutiful  Son.  And 
in  Return  ye  Bp  likewise  declar'd,  That  he  would  treat  Dr.  Todd  with 
all  ye  paternal  Affection  that  can  be  expected  from  a  Bp  to  one  of 
the  members  of  his  Church ;  And  that  he  will  forget  and  forgive  all 
that  has  been  hitherto  taken  amiss.     Amen,  Amen.' 

Outwardly  the  truce  appears  to  have  been  kept,  but  the 
relations  between  them  were  never  cordial. 

In  addition  to  his  letters  to  Thoresby,  John  Nichols 
published  in  two  volumes  letters  from  1683  to  1727; 
another  series  is  in  the  Add.  MSS.  of  the  Brit.  Museum^ 
6116;  and  a  still  further  series,  which  appears  to  have 
escaped  the  attention  of  all  writers,  will  be  found  in  the 
Rawlinson  MSS.  of  the  Bodleian  Library. 

In  1718  Bishop  Nicolson  resigned,  and  became  Bishop 
of  Derry;  on  the  9th  of  February,  1726-7,  he  was 
translated  to  the  Archbishopric  of  Cashel,  but  he  died  on 
the  14th,  before  his  enthronement,  and  was  buried  in  the 
Cathedral  Church  of  Londonderry. 2 

His  Will,  dated  March  30,  1725,  was  proved  at  Carlisle 
Nov.  23,  1727.  It  names  as  children,  Joseph,  "  Chancelor 
of  the  Cathedral  Church  at  Lincoln,"  joint  author  with 
Dr.  Burn  of  the  "  History  of  Cumberland  and  Westmor- 
land " ;  John,  Rector  of  Donaghmore ;  Mary,  "  the  now 
wife  of  Dr.  Thomas  Benson  " ;  Elizabeth,  whose  married 
name  was  Mauleverer;  Anne,  "  wife  of  Alderman  Joseph 
Bolton";  and  Catherine,  evidently  unmarried.  His 
sisters  also,  Mrs.  Grace  Nevinson  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Carlile,  were  beneficiaries  under  the  Will.^ 

Joseph  Eisher,  M.A.,  1702—1705. 

He  was  collated  July  9,  1702,  and  held  the  living  at 
Brough  in  addition  where  he  continued  to  reside.* 

1.  Trans.   (N.   S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  27. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  296 ;  Al.  Ox.  ;  Loftie's  Great  Salkeld, 
&€.,  p.  73. 

3.  Trans.   (O.S.),  vol.   iv. 

4.  Vide  p.   1122. 


382 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


George  Fleming,  M.A.,  LL.D.,  1705 — 1734. 

He  was  the  son  of  Sir  Daniel  Fleming  of  Rydal  Hall, 
and  received  his  early  education  at  Sedbergh  School, 
whence  he  proceeded  to  St.  Edmund  Hall,  Oxford,  where 
he  matriculated  July  14,  1688,  at  the  age  of  18.  He  took 
his  B.A.  in  1692,  M.A.  March  7,  1694-5,  and  LL.D. 
(Lambeth)  Feb.  22,  1726-7.  Among  the  Rydal  MSS.  are 
several  interesting  letters  which  passed  between  father  and 
son  during  his  University  career,  in  which  the  careful 
parent  sought  to  restrain  the  lavish  expenditure  of  the 
son.  He  was  at  Aspatria  in  1695 ;  became  Canon  of  Carlisle 
in  1701;  held  the  livings  of  Stanwix  and  Kirkland  in 
1703 ;  was  Rector  of  Great  Salkeld  and  Archdeacon  of 
Carlisle  in  1705 ;  Rector  of  Ousby  in  1719 ;  Dean  of  Carlisle 
in  1727 ;  Rector  of  Grasmere  in  1728 ;  and  Bishop  of 
Carlisle  in  1734.  Evidently  he  was  a  very  considerable 
Pluralist,  having  the  livings  of  Great  Salkeld,  Ousby  and 
Grasmere  at  the  same  time.^  Mr.  Loftie  says  that  he 
had  his  "  chief  residence  "  at  Great  Salkeld,  and  that 
several  of  his  children  were  born  there.  In  1736  he 
succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy,  and  died,  July  2,  1747.  He 
was  buried  in"  the  Cathedral  and  a  marble  monument  there 
perpetuates  his  memory  and  extols  his  virtues.^ 


1.  Vide  pp.  198,  &c. 

2.  Al.  Ox.  J  Sedbergh  School  Reg.,  p.  101;  Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  124. 


Til.     MELMERBY. 

Melmerby  lies  a  few  miles  north  of  Oiisby,  and  on  the 
main  road  leading  over  the  hills  from  Langwathby  to 
Alston.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist; 
and  there  are  no  E/egisters  going  beyond  the  18th  Century. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

George  Threlkeld,  1572. 

He  was  the  nephew  of  Roland  Threlkeld,  sometime 
Rector  of  Melmerby,  Yicar  of  Lazonby,  Rector  of  Dufton, 
and  founder  of  the  Ivirkoswald  College,  who  died  in  1565. 
George  Threlkeld  was  the  son  of  Christopher  Threlkeld  of 
Melmerby,  whose  Will,  dated  1569,  contains  the  follow- 
ing ;  "  I  give  George  Threlkelde  my  myddell  sonne  ye 
advowson  of  ye  churche  of  Melmebie  &  he  to  be  wth  ye 
grace  of  God  pson  of  ye  same."  The  "  Supvysors  "  of  the 
Will  were  "  Sir  Lancelot  Wallas,  clerke,"  "  Sir  John 
Austen,  Clerke."  Witnesses,  "  Sir  John  Benson,  Clerke" 
and  "  Sir  Edward  Nicholson,  Clerke."  ^ 

George  Threlkeld  compounded  for  the  Eirst  Emits  of 
Melmerby  in  1573. 

George  Warwick,  M.A.,  1609. 

He  was  instituted  Eebruary  20th,  1609,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  Humphrey  Threlkeld,  and  whether  he  was  George 
Threlkeld's  immediate  successor  is  not  clear.  The  reader 
is  referred  to  the  account  of  Great  Salkeld  for  additional 
information  respecting  him.^ 

Lancelot  Huttox,  M.A.,  1621. 

This  is  quite  a  new  name  supplied  by  the  Institution 
Books.  He  was  instituted  June  15th,  1621.  Eoster  has 
the  following  respecting  him :  "  Of  Cumberland,  eq.  aur. 
fil.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  30  June  1615,   aged   17;  B.A. 

1.  The  Threlkelds  of  Melmerby,  &c.,  by  W.  Jackson,  F.S.A.  Trans. 
(O.S.),  vol.  X,  p.  32. 

2.  Vide  p.  359. 


384  The   Ejected    of  1662 

20  April,  1618,  incorporated  at  Cambridge  1620;  M.A. 
from  Oriel  Coll.  3  April  1622,  rector  of  Melmerby, 
Cumberland,  1621."  ^  How  long  lie  remained  is  not 
known.  Nicholson  and  Burn's  list  is  very  defective, 
passing  from  the  Institution  of  George  Warwick  in  1Q09 
to  the  death  of  Richard  Singleton  in  1684,^  and  Jefferson 
merely  copies.^ 

Richard  Singleton,  1654. 

He  was  the  son  of  Isaac  Singleton,  of  Great  Salkeld, 
and  matriculated  at  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  December 
12th,  1634,  being  then  18  years  of  age.  Foster  says 
"  perhaps  rector  of  Melmerby,  Cumberland,  1661."  *  The 
conjecture  as  to  his  being  at  Melmerby  is  correct,  but  the 
date  needs  to  be  put  back  at  least  seven  years.  He  was 
here  in  1654,  when  he  signed  the  Certificate  of  Pearse 
Burton  at  Morland.s 

William  Hopkins,  1660. 

He  was  here  in  1656  when  he  compounded  for  his  First 
Fruits.  Calamy  gives  him  as  one  of  his  Ejected  Ministers, 
In  his  account  of  George  Nicholson,  he  says  that  William 
Hopkins  had  "  gathered  a  Church  at  Mellerby,"  which  he 
resigned  into  George  Nicholson's  hands.  That,  however, 
may  not  mean  that  William  Hopkins  resigned  the  Mel- 
merby living,  but  merely  that  the  Congregational  Church 
which  he  had  gathered  whilst  holding  the  living,  and 
which  formed  part  of  the  Kirkoswald  gathered  Church, 
was  handed  over  to  George  Nicholson.  Foster  has  quite  a 
number  of  persons  of  this  name  among  his  Oxford  Alumni, 
and  it  is  almost  certain  that  one  or  other  was  a  connection. 
Beyond  this,  however,  no  information  is  forthcoming.  In 
Calamy  he  is  merely  a  name.e 
Richard  Singleton,  1660 — 1684. 

He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  here  in  1660.     The 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  442. 

3.  Hist,  of  Leath  Ward,  p.  311. 

4.  Al.  Ox 

5.  Vide  p.  1181. 

6.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  pp.   159,   160, 


Melmerby  385 

conjecture  is  hazarded  that  Richard  Singleton  suffered 
some  sort  of  Sequestration,  though  it  is  not  easy  to  see 
why,  especially  in  view  of  the  fact  that  his  was  a  Common- 
wealth appointment,  and  that  he  appears  to  have  regularly 
cooperated  with  other  Commonwealth  Ministers.  That 
William  Hopkins,  however,  held  the  living  some  four  or 
five  years  is  certain,  and  Singleton's  displacement  during 
that  period  appears  highly  probable.  He  returned  with 
the  Restoration;  and  to  make  his  position  secure  sought 
and  obtained  a  new  Institution.  This  took  place  on  Sept. 
28,  1661,  on  the  Presentation  of  "  Lancelot  Threlkeld  Ar." 
Richard  Singleton  wrote  an  account  of  the  Melmerby 
Church  which  is  now  among  the  Machell  MSS.  in  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  Library,  Carlisle.  It  has  been  largely 
used  by  Jefferson  in  his  "  History  of  Leath  Ward  " ;  but  it 
is  of  little  value  for  our  purpose,  as  it  deals  mainly  with  the 
early  history.  He  died  in  1684  /  5 .  The  Transcripts  give  the 
following :  "Richard  Singleton  buried  Jan.  ye  30  1684/5.'' 
Nicolson  in  his  Diary  under  date  January  28th,  1684-5, 
says : — 

Went  to  see  old  Mr.  Singleton  a  dying.  ^ 

Richard  Singleton's  son,  Zachariah,  was  a  graduate  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford. ^ 

William  Thkelkeld,  M.A.,  1684—1701. 

He  was  an  Edinburgh  graduate,  taking  his  degree  in 
1669,  and  was  ordained  Priest  September  15th,  1674.  He 
was  instituted  February  17th,  1684,  on  the  Presentation 
of  Rich.  Hutton;  and  another  Institution  on  a  different 
Presentation  is  dated  August  7th,  1685.  He  married 
Anne,  a  distant  relation,  daughter  and  coheiress  of 
Lancelot  Threlkeld.  The  following  Presentments  in  his 
time  appear  in  the  Transcripts  :  ■ — 

1689.  Wee  psent  George  Green,  Robert  Sander  and  Jane  his  wife, 
Edward  Sander,  Robert  Nicholson  and  Mary  his  wife,  Thomas 
Maughan  and  Anne  his  wife  as  fannaticks. 

Wee  psent  Richard  Smith  Junr.  Anthony  Cragg  Wm  Jameson  Junr 
for  refuseing  to  pay  the   Clerk's  dues. 

1.  Trans.    (N.S.),   vol.   i,   p.   24. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


386 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


The  late  Wm.  Jackson,  in  his  account  of  the  Threlkelds 
of  Melmerby,  referring  to  him  as  "  Lord  William  Threl- 
keld,"  says  that  he  "  probably  died  at  this  time  [1701], 
but  I  can  find  no  record  of  his  burial  in  the  Melmerby 
Registers. "  The  Transcripts,  however,  give  the  follow- 
ing :  — "  Mr.  William  Threlkelt  Eektar  of  Melmerby  died 
July  3."     No  year  is  given  but  it  was  about  1701. 

William  Lindsey,  M.A.,  1701—1739. 

He  was  instituted  October  20th,  1701,  on  the  Presenta- 
tion of  Tho.  Patteson  gent,  and  signs  the  Transcripts  as 
Rector  in  1705.  It  appears  he  had  as  Curate,  Thomas 
Gascoigne,  who  signs  the  Transcripts  as  such,  in  1708. 
The  Addingham  Registers  give  the  following:  — 

The  Baptisms  of  Joseph  the  son  of  Mr.  Linslie  Rector  of  Melmerbye 

Dec.  ye  28  day  1721. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1704,  says :  — 

The  Pulpit,  Reading-Desk,  Font,  Books,  Vestments  and  Ornaments 
on  the  Walls,  are  well  enough.  Some  of  the  Sentences  were  drawn 
in  the  late  Incumbent's  time  :  as  appears  by  this  JSiote,  in  the  same 
Letter  with  the  rest,  W.  Threlkeld  Mr.  of  Arts  Rector  of  Melmerby, 
1685.  The  present  Rector,  Mr.  Lindsay,  was  gone  into  Yorkshire ;  so 
that  I  could  not  see  the  Register  Book  :  But  I  was  much  pleas'd  to 
observe  the  laudable  Alterations  that  he  had  made  in  the  Parsonage- 
House  ;  which  was  wholly  neglected  by  his  predecessor,  who  (being 
as  well  Lord  as  Parson)  alwaies  resided  at  the  Hall.' 

Referring  to  a  visit  from  him  on  Monday,  April  9th, 
1706,  Nicolson  says  that  Lindsey  was  "  uneasy  in  the  want 
of  his  Dues,  but  will  not  sue."  ^ 

William  Lindsey  ceded  in  1739. 


1.  Miscel.,  p.  121. 

2.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  3. 


VIII.     OTJSBY. 

In  older  documents  "  Ulnesby  "  and  "  Ulvesby."  It 
lies  in  the  Eden  Valley,  and  is  about  five  miles  east  of 
Langwathby.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Luke ;  and 
the  earliest  Register  Book,  a  small,  parchment  volume, 
in  which  the  writing  is  good  and  entries  are  clear,  begins 
in  1663.     The  following  appears  in  the  Book:  — 

A  True  Kegister  of  the  Chrestenings  Weddings  and  Burials  within 

the  parish  of  Ousby,  Begining  at  The  Yeare  of  our  Lord  God  1663. 

It  contains,  with  a  few  breaks  :  — 

Baptisms  1663—1723. 

Weddings  1664—1726. 

Burials  1663—1726. 
The  second  volume,  also  parchment,  is  thin  and  flat,  with 
christenings,    weddings,    and   burials    all  mixed   together 
from    1726-7    to    1812.        The    following    is    a    list    of 
Incumbents  :  — 

Hugh  Eayson,  1583—1611. 

He   was    instituted   on    a    Presentation  by    "  Barnabas 

Sewell    of    Caldbeck,    yeoman,    who    (with    others)    had 

procured  this  avoidance  from  Bishop  Barnes."  ^     He  died 

in  1611. 

The  Hegisters  contain  the  following :  — 

1679  Mr.  John  Rayson  was  buried  the  28th  day  of  ffebruary. 

Whether  he  was  a  descendant  of  Hugh  E-ayson  does  not 
appear. 

Nicholas  Deane,  M.A.,  1611. 

He  was  instituted  December  9,   1611,  and  for  further 
information  respecting  him  the  reader  is  referred  to  Great 
Salkeld,  etc.  2 
Leonard  aiilburn,  M.A.,  1622 . 

He  was  collated  on  April  24th,    1622,   by  his   father, 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  437. 

2.  Vide  pp.  359,  638,  1123. 


388  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Bishop  Milburn,  and  on  the  18th  of  February  following 
was  also  instituted  to  the  living  at  Skelton.^  A  contri- 
butor to  the  Carlisle  garrison,  in  1644,  he  is  then  repre- 
sented as  holding  the  two  livings  of  Ousby  and  Skelton. 
During  the  Commonwealth  regime  he  was  compelled  to 
relinquish  one  of  them,  and  he  elected  to  keep  Ousby.  He 
appears  to  have  been  left  undisturbed  during  subsequent 
changes  and  got  back  his  Skelton  living  at  the  Restoration. 
His  burial  entry  in  the  Ousby  Eegisters  reads  thus :  — 

1672,  Mr.  Leonard  Milburn,  Rector  of  Ousbie  was  Buried  the  8th 
day  of  July. 

An  old  silver  Chalice  in  the  possession  of  the  present 
Rector,  has  upon  it  the  following  inscription :  — 

Ex  dono  dmi  Leonardi  Milburni  Rectoris  hujus  ecclesiae  parochiali 
de  Ullnesbie  alias  Ousbie  per  spatium  50  annorum. 

The  following  fragment  of  a  document  would  seem  to 
contradict  the  position  above  assumed;  but  the  evidence 
is  not  decisive.  In  the  first  place  it  is  a  fragment  only, 
and  on  that  account  its  value  is  greatly  impaired.  In 
the  second  place  Leonard  Milburn  makes  no  reference  to 
Ousby  in  his  Petition  for  restitution  to  the  Skelton  living ; 
and  no  separate  Petition  for  Ousby  has  been  discovered. 
Lastly  the  Ousby  appointment  as  given  in  the  document 
is  of  a  considerably  later  date  than  the  Skelton  one; 
consequently  Leonard  Milburn  must  have  held  Ousby 
several  years  after  he  relinquished  Skelton.  On  the  whole, 
therefore,  it  would  appear  that  the  MS.  represents  no 
more  than  an  intention,  even  if  so  much,  and  that  Leonard 
Milburn  remained  undisturbed  at  Ousby  until  his  death. 
The  MS.  in  question  reads  thus  :  — 

Ullesby-als  Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  the  20th  Pres. 

Owesby  day  of  November  in  the  yeare  One  thousand  lO   Nov.  | 

Alex  Cluny  six  hundred  ffifty  and  five  There  was  1655. 

. exhibited  to  ye  Comissionrs  for  approbation  of 

Alex  Cluny  publique  preachers  A  presentation  of 
cert,  as  aforsd  Alexander  Cluny,  Clerke  to  ye  Rectory  of  Ullesby 
by  Otherwise  Owesby  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
made  to  him  by  his  Highnesse  Oliver 

1.  Vide  p.  479. 


Ousby  389 

Matt  Ginson  Lord  protector  of  the  Comon  Wealth  of  England 

Jno.  Clotworthy    &c  the  Patron  thereof  under  the  great  seal 
M.  Colt  of  England  Together  with  a  testimony  in  the  behalfe 

M.  Sinder  of  ye  said  Alexander  Cluny  of  his  holy  &  good 

Conversation  Upon  perusall  &  due  Consideracon 

of  the  premisses  and  finding 
[MS.  breaks  oR  at  this  point.]' 

There  was  a  Leonard  Milburn  at  Castle  Carroek  from 
1589  to  1635.2  During  some  part  of  Milburn's  time  at 
Ousby  he  had  as  Curate,  Hugh  Newton,^  who  was  ordained 
Priest,  September  20th,  1668. 

Thomas  Egbinson,  M.A.,  1672 — 1719. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon,  September  20th,  1668,  and 
Priest,  March  17th,  1668-9,  being  collated  to  Ousby 
by  Bishop  Rainbow,  on  August  3rd,  1672,  on  the  death  of 
Leonard  Milburn.  The  following  occur  in  the  Ousby 
E-egisters :  — 

1672,  Thomas  Robinson  the  Son  of  Mr.  Thomas  Robinson,  Rector  of 
Ousby  was  baptized  the  I7th  day  of  October. 

1674,  Anne  Robinson  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Robinson  Rector 
of  Ousby  was  baptized  ye  22nd  day  of  October. 

1677,  Jane  Robinson  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Robinson  Rector 
of  Ousby  was  baptized  the  29th  day  of  October  anno  supra. 

Among  other  works,  Thomas  Robinson  was  the  author 
of  "  Natural  History  of  Cumberland  and  Westmorland," 
which  was  considered  to  have  considerable  merit  in  its 
day.  Bishop  Nicolson  repeatedly  refers  to  him  in  his 
Diaries.  It  appears  that  he  tried  both  literature  and 
mining,  neither  venture  being  prosperous.  He  fell  into 
serious  financial  difficulty  and  sought  refuge  for  a  time 
in  London.  The  Bishop  speaks  about  meeting  him  there 
on  his  way  to  "  ye  Audit  in  expectance  of  501i  for  his 
whimsical  MS."  *  He  died  in  1719,  and  his  burial  entry 
reads  thus :  — 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  996. 

2.  Vide  p.  262. 

3.  Vide  p.  453. 

4.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  54. 


390 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


1719  Mr.  Thomas  Robinson  Rector  of  Ousby  was  Buried  the  28th 
day  of  May.l 

George  Fleming,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1719 — 1735. 

For  an  account  of  him  the  reader  is  referred  to  Great 
Salkeld.2  His  Curate  was  Thomas  Hobson,  whose  child, 
William,  was  buried  December  13th,  1719.  The  following 
entry  also  is  the  first  in  Yol.  II  of  the  Registers :  — 

William    Son   of    Mr.    Thomas    Hobson   of   the    Parsonage    House, 

Curate,  was   Baptized   on  the   ninth   Day   of   February   Anno   Dom. 

1726-7. 


1.  Vide   Hutchinson,   vol.    i,   p.    224 ;    for   some   further   information 
respecting  him  :  also  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  v,  p.  243. 

2.  Vide  pp.  198,  382,  &c. 


IX.     KIRKLAND. 

This  Parish  lies  about  nine  miles  east  of  Penrith,  and 
abuts  the  lofty  range  of  hills  known  as  Milburn  Forest. 
The  Registers  are  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition.  They 
consist  of  loose  leaves,  the  entries  of  the  first  book  being 
for  the  years  1623 — 1680.  The  second  book  begins  in 
1690.  A  few  odd  entries  are  inserted  for  the  year  1620, 
it  would  seem,  by  a  later  hand.  The  following  appears 
in  the  earlier  volume  :  — 

This   Register   booke   made   the   xxv   of   March   Ano  dn.    1625   ano 
Regni   Jacobi    by    me    John    Robinson    vicar    of    Kirkland    and    the 
Churchwardens  of  the  same  of  all  baptisms,  weddings  and  burialls. 
,  Lancelot  Atkinson 

William  Cowlinge  John 
Brunskill  Thomas  Birkbecke 
Henry  Robinson,  George 
Mires 
•  Churchwardens. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 
Thomas  Aglionby,  1581. 

He  died  in  this  year. 
Anthony  Gosling,  1581. 

He  was  collated  per  lapsum  by  Bishop  Meye. 
Christopher  Fleming,  1625/6. 

This  name  is  supplied  by  the  Registers  and  is  given  in 
no  other  published  list.     The  following  is  the  entry  :  — 
1625-6  March  Xpofer  fleminge  the  clerk  vickar  burd.'the  xvth  day. 

John  Robinson,  1624—1631. 

Probably  here  in  1624,  certainly  he  was  a  year  later. 
The  first  Register  Book  was  made  by  him  and  in  it 
appears  the  following : 

1626  (?)  Henry  Robinson  the  sonne  of  John  Robinson  Clearke  was 

baptized  the  2  of  May. 

John  Robinson  resigned  in  1631.     A  person  of  this  name 
appears  at  Stanwix  in  1616.^ 
1.  Vide  p.   189. 


392  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Edward  Slegg,  B.D.,  1631. 

He  was  instituted  January  IGtli,  1631,  on  a  Presentation 
by  tlie  Dean  and   Chapter.       In   Nicolson   and   Burn   a 
hiatus  occurs  from  this  date  to  1681,  and  JefPerson  merely 
copies  . 
—   SOUTHWICK,    1647. 

There  is  no  information  about  this  person  beyond  what 
is  contained  in  the  following  documents.  It  would  appear 
from  them  that  he  was  sequestered,  though  Walker  does 
not  mention  his  name  :  — 

Martii  4th  1646. 
Ref.  Mr.  Southwicke  Minister  to  the  Assemblie  for  the  Church  of 
Kirkland   Com.    Cumberland.' 

Kirkland.  Junij  19.  1647. 

Upon  the  humble  Peticon  of  Anthony  Wilson  It  is  ordered  that  Mr. 
Southwick  who  is  referred  to  the  Comittee  of  the  Assembly  of  Divines 
for  examinacon  of  Ministers  to  examine  his  fitnesse  to  officiate  the 
cure  of  the  Church  of  Kerkland  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  doe 
Attend  the  said  Assembly  according  to  the  sd  order  of  Reference  & 
p'cure  their  Certificate  to  be  returned  to  this  Comittee  by  this  day 
six  weekes  In  default  whereof  this  Comittee  will  despose  of  the  said 
Liveing  to  the  use  of  some  other  godly  &  orthodox  divine.^ 

Kirkland.  Sept.  2.  1647. 

Whereas  Mr.  Southwick  minister  of  the  word  hath  not  yett  procured 
any  Certificate  from  the  Comittee  of  the  Assemblie  of  Divines  for 
exaiacon  of  Ministers  of  his  fitness  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  Church 
of  Kirkland  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  notwithstanding  he  was 
requested  by  order  of  the  19th  of  June  last  to  procure  their  sd 
Certificate  by  that  daye  six  weeks  It  is  therefore  ordered  that  he  be 
discharged  from  the  said  cure.' 

Kirkland.  Sept.  2.  1647. 

Whereas  the  viccarage  of  the  pish  Church  of  Kirkland  in  the 
Countie  of  Cumberland  is  and  standeth  sequestred  by  the  Cotee  of 
pliamt  for  the  sd  Countie  from  Mr.  Musgrave  for  his  delinquency  It  is 
ordered  that  the  said  viccarage  shall  from  henceforth  stand  sequestred 
to  the  use  of  Mr.  Willis  a  godlie  &  orthodox  divine  &  that  he  doe 
forth wth  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  sd  Church  as  viccar  and  preach  &c.* 

1.  Bodl.    MS.,   324. 

2.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

3.  Ibid. 

4.  Ihid. 


Kirkland 


JVO 


John  Southaicke  or  Southaike  of  Cumberland  matricu- 
lated at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  November  21st,  1628, 
aged  17,  but  whether  this  is  the  same  does  not  appear.^ 

—  Willis,  1647. 

There  is  no  information  about  him  beyond  what  is  given 
in  the  document  just  cited,  nor  do  we  know  whether 
Musgrave  is  to  be  considered  as  holding  the  living  for  a 
short  time. 

Oliver  Guye,  1649. 

This  name  appears  in  the  Commonwealth  Survey  for 
1649.2  ji  is  stated  that  he  holds  "  all  that  ye  Yiccaridge 
«S;c  worth  3811-06-08."  ^ 

Randolph  Croxall,  1654. 

The  following  documents  relating  to  Kirkland  and  its 

Minister  are  of  considerable  interest :  — 
Kirkland.  Wednesday  Aug.  23.  1654. 

Mr.  Moore  on  behalfe  of  Randall  Croxhall  Minister  [moveth]  there 
bee  3011." 
Kirkland.  August  23d.  1654. 

Ordered  that  upon  producing  to  these  Trustees  a  Certificate  from  ye 
Comrs  for  approbacon  of  publique  Preachers  of  theire  approbacon  of 
Mr.  Eandall  Croxhall  Ministr  of  Kirkland  in  ye  County  of  Cumber- 
land The  Trustees  will  annexe  to  his  Vicarage  valued  upon  Survey  at 
38li  a  yeare  Sixty  two  poundes  a  yeare  augmentacon  out  of  the  profitts 
of  ye  Rectory  of  Kerkland  aforsd  now  out  of  Lease.* 

Kirkland.  November  27th  1654. 

Whereas  the  Impropriate  Tithes  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  parcell  of  the  possions  of  the  [blank]  are  in  possion  of  the 
said  Trustees  and  at  thiere  desposall  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearely 
Sume  of  ffifty  poundes  Cleere  of  taxes  be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto 
Mr.  Randolph  Croxhall  Minister  of  Kerkham  [Kirkland]  aforesaid  out 
•of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  said  Tithes  for  increase  of  his  main- 
tennce  being  but  [blank]  a  yeare  The  sd  fiifty  poundes  a  yeare  to  be 
continued  and  paid  unto  the  said  Mr.  Croxhall  (approved  according  to 
the  Ordinance  for  approbacon  of  publique  Preachers)  for  such  time  as 

1.  The  Flemings  in  Oxford,  p.  2,  note  3. 

2.  Vide  p.  1299. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Surveys,  vol.  ii. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  lOlO. 

5.  Ibid.,  1017. 


394 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


he  shall  descharge  the  duty  of  the  Ministr  of  the  said  place  or  till 
further  ordr  of  the  said  Trustees  And  Mr.  .  .  .  Receiver  is  hereby 
appointed  and  authorized  to  pay  the  same  accordingly. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri.  Sydenham  Ra.  Hall  Ri  Sydenham  E.  Hopkins.' 

The  scribe  appears  to  have  blundered  considerably  in 
this  entry,  and  the  one  which  follows,  under  date  Feb. 
1,  1654-5,  is  probably  meant  to  be  the  correct  copy. 

Kirkland.  ffebruary  1.  1654. 

Whereas  the  Impropriate  Tithes  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  parcell  of  the  possions  of  the  late  Deane  &  Chapter  of 
Carlisle  are  in  possion  of  the  said  Trustees  &  at  theire  desposall  It  is 
ordered  that  the  yearely  sume  of  Sixty  two  poundes  be  from  time  to 
time  paid  unto  Mr.  Randolph  Croxhall  Ministr  of  Kerkham  (?) 
aforesaid  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  said  Tithes  for  the 
increase  of  his  Maintennce  being  but  Thirty  eight  poundes  a  yeare 
the  said  Sixty  two  poundes  a  yeare  to  be  continued  &  paid  unto  the 
said  Air.  Croxhall  (approved  according  to  the  Ordinance  for  appro- 
bacon  of  publique  Preachers  for  such  time  as  he  shall  descharge  the 
duty  of  the  Ministr  of  the  said  place  or  till  further  ordr  of  the  said 
Trustees  to  accounte  from  the  23rd  of  August  1654  And  Mr.  Edmund 
Branthwaite  Receiver  is  hereby  appointed  &  authorized  to  pay  the 
same  unto  him  from  time  to  time  accordingly,  And  all  former  orders 
made  for  Graunting  any  Augment,  to  the  said  Mr.  Croxhall  are 
therefore  descharged. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra  Hall  Rich  Sydenham  Ed  Cressett  Jo.  Pocock.  2 

In  the  Registers  appear  the  following  entries  respecting 
Croxall's  family:  — 

1655,  vij  day  of  July  Samuell  Croxall  the  sonne  of  Randolph 
Croxall  minister  of  Kirkland  was  borne. 

1656,  vi  day  of  July  Theopalas  Croxall  son  of  Randulf  Croxall 
Minister  of  Kirkland  was  Baptized. 

1657-8,  iiij  day  of  february  Theophlas  Croxall  sonne  of  Randulf 
Croxall  Minister  of  Kirkland  was  buried. 

1658-9  Dorothy  daughter  to  Mr.  Randolph  Croxall  of  Kirkland 
Minister  and  Dorothy  his  wife  was  borne  the  16th  of  ffebruary 
baptized  the  20th. 

The  following  documents  relate  to  certain  tithe  diffi- 
culties in  which  both  he  and  James  Cave  of  Thornthwaite 
were  involved  :  — 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  972. 

2.  Ihid. 


Kirkland  395 

Kirkland.  May  28.  1655. 

Ordered  yt  ye  Solicitor  doe  pceed  at  Law  agt  Thomas  Garth  Tennt 
of  ye  Tithes  of  Kirkland  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  for  ye  arreares 
of  rent  from  him  due.^ 
Kirkland.  July  9  1655. 

Ordered  yt  Mr.  Thomas  Garth  Tennt  of  ye  Tithes  of  Kirkland  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  doe  shew  Cause  before  these  Trustees  on 
Thursday  next  wherefore  he  doth  not  pay  ye  arre^ires  of  rent  from' 
him  due  unto  ye  said  Trustees. - 

Kirkland  &  To  his  Highnes  the 

Thornthwaite.  Lord  Protector. 

May  it  please  your  Highnes 

The  Appropriate  tithes  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
being  leased  by  us  unto  Thomas  Garth  from  ye  29th  of  September 
1654  for  the  terme  of  three  years  at  the  yearly  rent  of  One  hundred  & 
tenne  poundes  the  said  Mr.  Garth  hath  by  mistake  paid  into  the 
Excheqr  one  halfe  yeare  rent  of  the  said  tithe  amounting  to  the  Sume 
of  ffifty  and  five  pounds  by  reason  whereof  there  is  in  arreare  unto 
Mr.  Randolph  Croxall  minister  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  aforesaid  the  sume  of  thirty  &  one  poundes  charged  upon 
the  p'misses  &  unto  Mr.  James  Cave  ^lintr  of  Thornthwayt  in  the 
said  County  the  sume  of  tenne  poundes  tenne  Shillings  likewise 
charged  upon  the  p'misses  wch  cannot  be  paid  unto  them  but  by  yor 
Highnes  ordr  All  wch  upon  the  peticon  of  the  said  Air.  Croxale  Wee 
humbly  Submitt  to  yor  Highnes  Consideracon. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Rich.   Sydenham  Jo.   Humfrey 
Jo.  Pococke. 

Junij  5th  1656.  3 

To  the  Right  Honble 
the  Lords  Comrs  of  his 
Kirkland.  Highnes  Treasury. 

May  it  please  yor  Lordpps. 

The  Appropriate  Tythes  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
parcell  of  the  possessions  of  the  late  Deane  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle 
being  leased  by  us  unto  Thomas  Garth  from  the  29th.  of  Septr  1654 
for  the  Tearme  of  three  years  at  the  Yearely  rent  of  one  hundred  and 
ten  poundes  The  said  Mr.  Garth  hath  by  mistake  pd  into  the 
Exchequer  one  halfe  yeares  rent  of  the  said  Tythes  amounting  to  the 
sume  of  fifty  and  five  poundes  by  reason  whereof  there  is  in  Arreare 
to  Mr.  Randolph  Croxall  Minister  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland   aforesaid   the   sume   of  thirty   and   one   pounds  charged 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  1008. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Ihid.,  974. 


396 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


upon  the  premisses  and  unto  Mr.  James  Cave  Minister  of  Thornth- 
waite  in  the  said  Coimty  the  summe  of  ten  poundes  and  ten  shillings 
likewise  charged  upon  these  premisses  which  cannot  now  be  paid  imto 
them  but  by  yor  ordr  Therefore  at  the  instance  of  the  said  Mr.  Cave 
and  Mr.  Croxall  Wee  advise  yor  Lordpps  to  give  ordr  for  there 
payment  of  the  said  moneys  unto  the  said  Ministers  or  unto  Mr. 
Lawrence  Steele  Treasr.  to  be  by  Him  issued  for  their  use. 


July  3.  1656. 
Jo.  Thorowgood,  Jo.  Humfrey,  Ri. 
Cressett.  ^ 


Sydenham  John  Pococke  Edw. 


Kirkland.  fteb.  26.  1657. 

Ordered  that  the  Regr  doe  deliver  the  Lease  of  the  tythes  of  Kirk- 
land to  Mr.  Dalston  Tennt  thereof  upon  the  Sealing  of  the  Counterpart 
and  entring  into  bond  with  sufficient  security  to  pay  the  Arreares  of 
rent  due  imto  these  Trustees  from  Mr.  Garth  the  former  tennt 
thereof. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett,  Ri.  Sydenham  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Pococke.* 

Kirkland 


Thornthwayte 

&c.  Octo.  6.  1658. 

Whereas  of  the  arreares  of  rent  referred  to  these  Trustees  out  of  ye 
rectory  of  Kirkland  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  upon  a  lease  thereof 
Graunted  by  these  Trustees  unto  Mr.  Thomas  Garth  the  sume  of  five 
and  fiftie  poundes  by  him  the  said  Mr.  Garth  paid  by  mistake  into  the 
Exchequer  is  repaid  out  of  the  Exchequer  to  Mr.  Lawrence  Steele 
Trear.  whereof  there  is  due  unto  Mr.  James  Cave  Minister  of 
Thornthwayte,  Newlands  &  St.  Johns  in  the  said  County  the  sume  of 
ten  poundes  ten  shillings  &  unto  Mr.  Randolph  Croxhall  Minister  of 
Kirkland  aforesaid  one  and  thirty  poundes  for  arreares  of  the 
Augmentacons  to  them  respectively  due  It  is  therefore  ordered  that 
Mr.  Lawrence  Steele  Trear.  doe  forthwith  pay  unto  ye  said  ilr.  Cave 
and  Mr.  Croxall  the  said  Severall  sumes  And  that  the  Auditor 
discharge  the  said  five  and, fiftie  poundes  from  the  Recrs  account  upon 
the  said  Mr.  Steele  his  accounting  with  him  for  the  same. 

Jo.  Thorowgood,  Edw.  Cressett,  Jo.  Himifrey,  Ra.  Hall  Ri.  Yong.' 

In     the     passage     from     Calamy,     respecting     Daniel 
Broadley,  reference   is   made   to   "  one   Mr.   Croxall  "   of 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  974. 

2.  Ibid.,  980. 

3.  Ibid.,  995. 


Kirkland  397 

"  Glassenby "  who  conformed.^  This  was  Randolph 
Croxall,  and  precisely  how  he  comes  to  associate  him  with 
Glassonby  is  not  clear.  Glassonby  is,  of  course,  only  a 
short  distance  from  Kirkland;  but  the  Chapel  of  Ease 
there  was  usually  connected  with  Addingham.  Calamy'a 
statement,  however,  about  Randolph  Croxall  accepting 
the  new  condition  of  things  at  the  Restoration  is  quite 
correct;  while  his  presence  in  these  documents  serves 
further  to  show  that  Addingham  is  rightly  placed  by 
Calamy  in  Cumberland,  and  not  in  the  West  Riding  of 
Yorkshire  as  Palmer  suggests. ^  It  would  appear  that 
shortly  after  the  Restoration  Randolph  Croxall  removed 
to  Essex.  "  Letters  dismissory  "  were  granted  to  him  on 
September  16th,  1661 ;  and  he  compounded  for  "  Tolshunt 
mil,"  Essex  in  1662.  A  gap  follows  upon  Randolph 
Croxall  which  I  have  been  unable  to  fill  in. 
Michael  Hodgson,  J3.A.,  1672 — 1674. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  September  25th,  1670.  In  the 
Registers  occurs  the  following  notice  of  his  marriage :  — 

1672  Mr.  Michael  Hodgson  Cler.  and  Anne  Leigh  May  30. 
He  removed  to  Thursby  in  1674,  and  was  subsequently  at 
Appleby  and  Morland.^ 

John  Thomson,  1675—1682/3. 

He  buried  his  wife,  Mary,  on  December  9th,  1678 ;   and 

a  Terrier  made  by  him  bears  date  Jan.  6.  1678-9.     The 

Registers  contain  the  following :  — 

The  end  of  ye  Eegister  in  Mr.  John  Thomson  daies  Vicar  of  Kirk- 
land 1682-3. 
A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Grasmere  in  1656  and 

Allhallows  about  1666.'' 

John  Aedrey,  B.D.,  1681—1684. 

He  was  instituted  August  18th,  1681,  on  the  Presenta- 
tion of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle.  In  Nicolson 
and  Burn  this  name  follows  that  of  Edward  Slegg,  who 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  159. 

2.  Vide  p.  354. 

3.  Vide  pp.  544,  1135,  1184. 

4.  Vide  pp.  572,  1064. 


398  The    Ejected   of   1662 

was  instituted  in  1631.     John  Ardrey  was  at  Cliburn  in 
1657  and  Great  Musgrave  in  1671.^ 

Hugh  Todd,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1684—1685. 

He  was  instituted  October  31st,  1684,  on  the  same 
Presentation.  The  reader  is  referred  to  Penrith,  etc.,  for 
an  account  of  this  man.^ 

Daniel  Mater,  1685—1694. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  March  16th,  1678-9,  being 
described  as  "  Dio.  Cest." ;  and  instituted  October  6th, 
1685.  He  was  the  son  of  Daniel  Mayer,  M.A.,  or  Mayers, 
Eector  of  Whittington,  Lancashire,  in  1640.  Daniel 
Mayer,  the  younger,  and  his  brother  John,  received  their 
early  training  at  Sedbergh  School,  whence  both  went  to 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1640,  the  year  of  their 
father's  death,  Daniel  being  at  the  time  16  years  of  age. 
He  does  not  appear  to  have  taken  a  degree;  and  he 
remained  at  Kirkland  until  his  death  in  1694.^  The 
Hegisters  give  the  following  :  — 

1694  Mr.  Daniel  Mayer  viccar  of  Kirkland  Sept.  12.  buried. 

Nathaniel  Spooner,  M.A.,  1694—1703. 

He  was  instituted  January  24th,  1694-5,  and  held  the 
living  at  Stanwix  as  well  as  Kirkland.  He  was  at  Cliburn 
in  1687.* 

George  Fleming,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1703—1717. 

He  was  instituted  August  23,  1703;  and  the  reader 
is  referred  to  Great  Salkeld  for  an  account  of  him.^  He 
had  for  his  Curate,  William  Airay. 

1.  Vide  pp.  1118,  1243. 

2.  Vide  pp.  436,  &c. 

3.  Sedbergh  School  Eegister,  p.  76. 

4.  Vide  pp.  197,  1244. 

5.  Vide  pp.  382,  &c. 


I 


X.     ALSTON. 

In  older  documents  '*  Aldenston  "  or  ''  Aldeston."  It 
is  some  eight  miles  direct  east  of  Renwick  across  the  Fell 
country,  and  just  on  the  borders  of  Xorthumberland  and 
Durham.  It  is  the  one  Parish  in  Cumberland,  referred  to 
earlier,  which  is  not  in  the  Diocese  of  Carlisle.  It  is  in 
the  Newcastle  Diocese;  and  Chancellor  Ferguson  says 
that  geographically,  and  in  every  other  respect  it  belongs 
not  to  Cumberland  but  to  Northumberland.^  The  Church 
is  dedicated  to  St.  Augustine.  The  oldest  Registers  do 
not  date  beyond  1701 ;  but  connected  with  it  is  an  ancient 
Chapelry  at  Garrigill  whose  Registers  are  older  by  a 
couple  of  years.  These  were  transcribed  and  published 
in  1901  by  the  then  Curate,  the  Rev.  Csesar  Caine,  who  in 
reference  to  both  sets  of  Registers  says :  — 

The  oldest  Register  of  the  Alston  Parish  which  is  preserved  locally 
contains  the  following  : — 

Alston. 

Baptisms  1706 — 1727  and  a  few  odd  items  on  detached  and  defaced 
leaves. 

Marriages  1701—1727. 

Burials  1701—1727. 
Garrigill. 

Baptisms  1708 — 1729  with  a  "di.stinct  Register  of  Nonconformists" 
covering  the  years  1704 — 1728. 

Marriages  1699—1730. 

Burials  1699—1729. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  make  no  attempt  at  a  list  of 
Incumbents,  and  Jefferson  has  copied,  but  not  well,  from 
the  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  "  History  of  Northumberland." 
The  following  is  the  list :  — • 

William  Teasdale,  B.A.,  1578. 

He  was  instituted  November  6th,  1578,  on  the  resigna- 
tion of  Anthony  Watson,  the  patron  being  Thomas  Archer. 

1.  Vide  p.  71. 


400  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Possibly  this  is  the  person  of  whom  Foster  under"Teasdell" 
has  the  following :  "Of  Cumberland  pleb.  Queen's  Coll, 
matric.  entry  under  date  1572  aged  22 " ;  and  under 
"  "William  Tesdale  "  or  "  Tisdale,"  probably  referring  to 
the  same  person,  he  says :  "  B.A.  from  Queen's  Coll. 
supd  3.  Nov.  1574,^  There  was  a  John  Teasdale,  Yicar  of 
Appleby  and  Rector  of  Lowther.^ 

John  Nelson,  1618. 

Foster  has  a  John  Nelson  of  Lancashire  whose 
matriculation  entry  at  Oriel  is  dated  1580,  he  being  at  the 
time  17  years  of  age.  A  person  of  this  name  was  Curate 
of  Bewcastle  in  1632.^ 

Ealph  Young,  1624. 

He  was  instituted  July  23rd,  1624,  the  vacancy  being 
caused  by  the  death  of  Nelson ;  the  patrons  were  William 
Archer  and  Nicholas  Whitfield. 

Francis  Hill,  B.A.,  1625. 

He  was  instituted  August  25th,  1625,  on  the  death  of 
Young,  the  patron  being  William  Archer  of  Alston  Moor. 

Foster  has  the  following :  "  Hill  Francis  of  Northum- 
berland, pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  7  June  1616,  aged  16; 
vicar  of  Alston  Moor,  Cumberland,  1625,  rector  of  Kirk- 
haugh,  Northumberland  1638."  * 

Jefferson  has  a  gap  at  this  point  until  1665.  « 

Geo.  Troutbeck,  1638. 

This  is  a  new  name  supplied  by  the  Institution  Books. 
He  was  instituted  December  23rd,  1638.  Foster  names 
two  or  three  Troutbecks  in  his  Oxford  list  of  students  as 
natives  of  Cumberland;  but  there  is  no  George  among 
them.  It  is,  however,  highly  probable  that  he  belonged 
to  this  County.  There  was  a  person  of  this  name  at 
Bowness,  Cumberland,  in  1660.^ 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  pp.    1137,   1235. 

3.  Vide  p.  292. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 

5.  Vide  p.  603. 


Alston  401 


John  Lee,  1665. 
John  Fell, 


No  date  given,  but  a  person  of  this  name  was  Vicar  of 
Kirkhal©  October  9tb,  1613. 

William  Stebert,  1683. 
Nicholas  Walton,  1696. 

He  was  buried  at  Alston,  November  23rd,  1728. 

John  Topping,  1728. 

He  was  instituted  February  14th,  1728/9,  on  the 
Presentation  of  Ralph  Whitueld,  and  was  at  Slaley, 
February  2nd,  1723.  ^ 

This  district  is  extremely  interesting,  offering,  as  it  did,, 
a  place  of  refuge  for  Nathaniel  Burnand  after  his  Ejec- 
tion from  Brampton,  and  John  Davis  after  his  Ejection 
from  By  well.  Here  also  were  the  famous  lead  mines  of  Sir 
William  Blacket.  In  the  Churchyard  is  a  tombstone 
bearing  the  following  curious  inscription  :  — 

My  Cutting-board's  to  pieces  split. 
My  Size-stick  will  no  measures  mete, 
My  rotten  Last's  turned  into  holes, 
My  blunted  Knife  cuts  no  more  soles. 
My  Hammer's  head's  flown  from  the  haft, 
No  more  Saint  Mondays  with  the  craft. 
My  Nippers,  Pincers,  Stirrup  and  Rag, 
And  all  my  Kit  have  got  the  Bag ; 
My  Lapstone's  broke  my  Colour's  o'er. 
My  Gum-glass  froze,  my  Paste's  no  more. 
My  Heel's  sew'd  on,  my  Pegs  are  driven, 
I  hope  I'm  on  the  road  to  heaven. 

1.  These  particulars  are  taken  largely  from  Hodgson's  "History  of 
Northumberland,"  vol.  iii,  part  ii,  p.  37. 


A  A 


XI.     AINSTABLE. 

About  two  miles  east  of  Armatliwaite.  The  Church  is 
dedicated  to  St.  Michael  and  All  Angels.  The  Registers 
begin  only  in  1664,  the  earlier  ones  having  perished  by 
fire  some  years  ago.  In  the  Jackson  Library  is  a  Tran- 
script of  the  Registers  made  in  August,  1889,  which  begins 
thus :  — 

The  Remains  of  an  old  Register  transcribed  by  John  Verty,  vicar  of 
Ainsable  (sic)  preceding  the  Date  1679. 

The  first  entry  is  that  of  a  baptism,  November  20th, 
1664.  Nicolson  and  Burn's  list  of  Incumbents  is  again 
singularly  defective.  The  following  contains  some  addi- 
tional names  :  — 

John  Peeestman,  1565 — 1597. 
He  died  in  1597. 

Robert  Watson,  1597 . 

He  was  instituted  in  1597  on  a  Presentation  by  Henry 
Barrow  and  Hugh  Lowther,  gentlemen.  Foster  gives  a 
Robert  Watson,  M.A.,  of  Cambridge,  who  was  incorpor- 
•ated  at  Oxford  in  1592;  but  he  supplies  no  further 
information  about  him. 

John  Wilson,  1616—1649. 

He  was  instituted  October  11th,  1616,  on  a  Presentation 
by  "  Henry  Barrow  de  Anwick  Com.  Northum.  gen." ;  and 
is  possibly  the  person  of  that  name  that  appears  at  Beau- 
mont in  1615.^  Foster  has  a  John  Wilson,  who  graduated 
B.A.  from  University  College,  Oxford,  April  23rd,  1607, 
and  M.A.  July  10th,  1612.  He  says  one  of  this  name  was 
"  beneficed  in  Cumberland."  ^ 

1.  Vide  p.  219. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


Ainstable  403 

In  Lord  William  Howard's  "Household  Books"  are 
several  interesting  references  to  him :  — 

Rewards  July  21.  1628  To  Sr  John  Willsons  manne  bringing  a  case 
of  mutton  to  my  Ladie  lis.  vjd.* 

Aprill  8.  1634  Rec.  of  Mr.  John  Willson  Clerk  for  the  Easter  booke 
at  Cumwhitton,  due  now  xxxjs  Id.^ 

June  25th  1634  Rec.  of  Mr.  John  Willson  Clerk  for  one  whole  yeares 
rent  of  Iveson's  tenement  due  at  Easter  1634  xls.^ 
March  25.  1640-1. 

Received  of  Sr  Jo  Willson  of  Aynestable  Clerk  which  was  arreare  to 
my  Lord,  and  due  for  one  whole  yeares  rent  (of  Iveson's  tenement  in 
Cumwhitton)  at  Easter  last  1640  xls.* 

John  Wilson  died  in  1649  and  was  buried  at  Kirkoswald, 
a  notice  of  the  fact  appearing  in  the  Kirkoswald  Registers 
thus  :  — 

1649  July  10,  Sir  John  Wilson  Vicar  de  Ainstable  sepult. 

A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Qrasmere  in  1620.  ^ 
Nicolson    and    Burn    give    no    name    between    Robert 
Watson,  1597,  and  George  Dacres  in  1661. 

George  Yates,  1661. 

A  person  of  this  name  was  B.A.  of  Magdalen  College, 
Cambridge,  in  1661.  Calamy  in  his  First  Edition  in- 
cluded George  Yates  in  his  list  of  Ejected  Ministers;  but 
in  the  Second  Edition  he  says  that  he  withdraws  the  name 
because  of  information  since  received,  adding  that  he 
"  conformed  and  liv'd  and  preach'd  at  Croglin."  ^  Palmer 
has  not  improved  upon  Calamy,  for  he  takes  the  men 
whose  names  Calamy  with'draws  and  places  them  under 
the  heading  "afterwards  conformed."  "^  The  "afterwards" 
is  quite  misleading,  suggesting  that  the  persons  in  ques- 
tion were  first  ejected.     There  is  no  evidence  to  show  that 

1.  P.  246. 

2.  P.  279. 

3.  P.  279. 

4.  P.  362. 

5.  Vide  p.  1059. 

6.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  161. 

7.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  391. 


404  The   Ejected   of  1662 

George  Yates  did  other  than  accept  the  new  conditions  at 
once.     He  replaced  John  Rogers  at  Croglin.^ 

George  Dacees,  1661 — 1680. 

He  was  instituted  November  4th,  1661,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  Leonard  Barrow,  gent. ;  and  died  in  1679-80.  The 
Registers  note  his  burial  thus  :  — 

Memorand.  that  Mr.  George  Dacres  vicar  of  Ainstable  was  buried 

March  15.  1679.     Sic  transit  gloria  vitae. 

A  son,  George,  was  buried  July  7th,  1668. 

George  Hodgson,  1680 — 1737. 

He  was  instituted  February  4th,  1680,  on  a  Presentation 
by  Barbara  Haggett  "  vid.,"and  had  previously  been  at 
Hay  ton. "^     The  Registers  give  the  following:  — 

Mr.  George  Hodgson  had  his  possession  given  by  Mr.  George 
Sanderson  Rector  of  Croglin  the  Seaventh  day  of  February  anno 
Dom.  1680  before  Mr.  Peter  Hodgson  William  Bird  John  Smith 
Rowland  Smith  Thomas  Wilson  John  Slacke. 

In  addition  to  Ainstable  he  was  Curate  of  Armathwaite 
Chapel,  and  Bishop  Nicolson  does  not  spare  him  in  his 
account  of  that  place.  He  is  the  "  Rascally  Curate,"  who 
"  lets  all  go  to  "Wrack."  ^  Writing  of  Ainstable,  in  1703, 
he  says  :  — 

The  onely  thing  that  appear'd  to  my  first  View,  which  pleas'd  me, 
was  a  decent  Repository  for  the  Books  given  by  B.  Oley ;  agreable  to 
ye  Donour's  Intentions,  and  the  Engagement  of  the  Vicar  and  Church 
wardens.  But — the  Birds  were  flown.  The  Vicar,  Mr.  Hodgson 
(with  an  assurance  peculiar  to  himself)  protested  they  were  all  in  his 
own  possession,  and  in  good  Condition ;  presuming  that  I  would  have 
relyed  on  ye  Credibility  of  his  Evidence  without  makeing  any  further 
Enquiry.  I  had  some  Reasons  (however)  to  be  more  scrupulous,  than 
he  expected,  in  this  matter  :  And,  persisting  in  my  Demands  to  see 
them,  after  a  tedious  Expectance,  he  brought  me  Thirteen  of  the 
Sixte6n.  These  were  more  in  Number  than  I  look'd  for  :  But  they 
were  all  in  the  same  abused  Condition  yt  I  expected  to  see  them  in. 
Of  the  three  that  were  wanting,  one  was  said  to  be  lent  to  Mr.  Hunter 
of  Croglin  :  Another  (ye  Works  of  the  Author  of  the  Whole  Duty  of 
Man)  to  Mrs.  Aglionby  at  Nunnery  :  and  a  Third,  being  one  of  the 


1.  Vide  p.  415. 

2.  Vide  p.  287. 

3.  Vide  p.  329. 


Ainstable  405 

Volumes  of  Dr.  Jackson's  Works  to  a  late  Master-Builder  of  the  new 
Bridge  at  Armathwaite.  NB.  At  the  Visitation  a  further  Enquiry 
ought  to  be  made ;  and  the  Vicar  obliged  to  purchase  {de  novo)  those 
that  are  lost. 

Continuing,  lie  adds  :  — 

The  Register-Book  begins  at  1611,  but  is  imperfect  and  (indeed) 
very  Scandalous,  as  everything  must  be  that's  left  to  ye  rlisposeal  of 
the  careless  Vicar.  His  Vicarage- House  is  extremely  ruinous  ;  and  he 
chiefly  resides  at  a  little  Alehouse,  kept  (by  the  Side  of  the  Road  to 
Brampton)  either  by  his  wife  or  Daughter.  Admonitions  will  not 
reclaim  him.     Some  other  method  must  be  taken.' 

Doubtless  we  have  an  echo  of  the  book  trouble  in  the 
following  from  the  Registers,  but  unfortunately  no  date 
appears  against  the  entries  :  — 

Madam  Aglionby  of  Nunnery  hath  borrowed  one  whole  Duty  of 
Man  in  fol.  being  one  of  the  Books  belonging  to  the  present  vicar 
Geo.  Hodgson  vicar  of  Ainstable.  The  same  restored  [in  a  later  hand]. 
Mt.  George  Lowthian  of  Stoffells  patron  did  Borrow  Bp.  Usher's 
Body  of  Divinity  Being  one  of  ye  Books  belonging  to  the  present 
vicar. 

Whether  George  Hodgson  mended  his  ways  we  do  not 
know;  but  he  continued  to  hold  the  living  for  more 
than  thirty  years  after  the  Bishop  penned  the  ominous 
note  above  cited.  The  Registers  give  the  following  burial 
entries  of  his  wife  and  himself :  — 

The  wife  of  Mr.  George  Hodgson  vicar  of  Ainstable  Buried  ye  27th 
day  of  April  1728. 
Mr.  Geo.  Hodgson  Vicar  of  Ainstable  bur.  Dec.  5.  1737. 

1.  Miscel.,  pp.  110,  111 ;  an  equally  unfavourable  character  of  him  is 
given  in  the  Bishop's  Diaries  (Trans.  (N.S.),  vols,  i — v). 


XII.     CROGLIN. 

This  is  a  considerable  village  lying  some  seven  miles 
north  east  of  Lazonby,  whence  the  road  is  nearly  a 
continuous  iascent.  It  is  in  the  heart  of  the  impressive 
scenery,  which  forms  the  eastern  wall  of  the  two  Counties 
with  which  we  are  concerned.  Its  Church  is  an  old 
foundation,  though  the  present  structure  is  comparatively 
modern,  and  is  dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist.  The 
Registers  begin  in  1644,  the  first  volume  being  long  and 
thin,  and  ending  with  1724.  It  is  slightly  worn,  and 
some  of  the  earlier  entries  are  much  faded. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Roger  Haslehead,  1582 — 1611. 

He  was  presented  by  Lord  Wharton,  and  died  in  1611. 

John  Allan,  1611—1639. 

He  was  instituted  March  30,  1611,  and  is  referred  to 
under  Kirkoswald.^     His  death  took  place  in  1639. 

Richard  Sharples,  1639. 

He  was  instituted  December  13th,  1639,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  "  Philip  Wharton  Bart  de  Wharton,"  and 
compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1640.  A  contest  took 
place  between  him  and  James  Halton  for  the  living  at 
Aikton,  which  continued  for  about  two  years,  ending 
ultimately  in  favour  of  James  Halton,^  though  vSharples 
appears  to  have  been  in  possession  for  some  time.  He 
had  to  make  choice  of  Aikton  and  Croglin,  ^  and  the 
Petition  which  follows  would  suggest  that  he  surrendered 
Croglin.  Francis  Palmer  eventually  settled  at  Castle 
Sowerby.*  There  is  no  date  to  this  Petition,  but  it  must 
have  been  about  1648  or  1649. 

1.  Vide  p.  332. 

2.  Vide  p.  610 

3.  Vide  p.  762. 

4.  Vide  p.  493. 


Croglin  407 

Cumbrland. 

To  the  Right  Honble  Philipp  Lord  Wharton  Lord  of  the  Manor  of 
Croglin  in  the  said  County. 

The  humble  Petition  of  the  Tenants  and  Parishiors  of  Croglin. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  whereas  ye  Rectorie  or  Parsonage  of  Croglin  is  now  void,  by 
reason  of  the  eiection  of  the  late  Minister ;  the  Presentation  wherof 
doth  of  Right  unto  yor  Honr  belonge  and  appertaiiie,  And  whereas 
Mr.  ffrancis  Palmer  a  learned  pious  and  orthodox  divine  hath  beene 
pleased  to  preach  painfully  and  powerfully  amongst  us,  and  the 
Parishiors  of  Enstable  for  the  space  of  five  monethes  and  more  to  the 
great  Comfort  and  edification  of  yor  Hours  most  imworthy  servts  and 
Tennants : 

Yor  Petitors  therefore  do  most  humbly  beseach  yor  Honr.  would  be 
pleased  to  nominate  and  Present  ye  Said  Mr.  Palmer  to  ye  said 
Parsonage  whereby  he  may  be  the  better  enabled  and  incouraged  to 
discharge  yt  ponderous  office  of  Preachinge  the  word  of  God,  And  yor 
Hours  Petrs.  (as  in  duty  they  stand  bounde)  shall  most  humbly  pray 
that  to  yor  owne  Meritts  honour  terrestriall  may  be  repaid  you,  And 
for  ye  onely  Merit  of  Chrest  glory  coelestiall  vouchsafed  you. 

Jhon  Mounkister  George  Dixon     " 

Edward  Hedrington  A  John  Wharton     F 

Nicholas  Hall    H  Humfreye  Nicholson    — 

Anthony  Wharton  A  Hugh  Bird 

Anthony  Hevyside     "  Hugh  Browne    j 

Anthony  Hedrington    O  Robert  Warwicke     + 

Adam  EUwood     A  John  Todd     X 

Francis  Dixon     X  Roger  Tomson     X 

John  Dodd  James  Tomson     + 

John  Qill  Willm  Bird 

John  Hogheand     -]  John  Buchan     \ 

John  Tomson     —  Thomas  Dixon 

John  Tomson     (.)  Mark  Dixon     = 

John  Tomson     /-  Willm  Tomson 

Thomas  Dixon  Henry  Dodd     X 

Lancelot  Tomson  Andrew  Binher  ?  ' 
John  Tomson     X 
George  Browne    O 

The  handwriting  is  nearly  the  same  throughout,  and 
against  most  of  the  names  is  a  mark  probably  made  by 
those  who  were  unable  to  write.     Who  was  appointed  we 

.    \.  Bodl.  MS.,  Rawl.  Letters,  104,  fol.  20. 


4o8  The    Ejected   of  1662 

know  not;  and  the  question  may  be  asked  as  to  whether 
Sharpies  returned. 

Robert  Bartram,  1657. 

This  is  a  new  name  furnished  by  the  Addingham 
Registers,  which  record  his  marriage  on  April  23,  1657, 
with  the  daughter  of  Daniel  Broadley  the  Ejected  Minister 
of  that  place.^  Probably  he  was  a  native  of  the  district. 
The  Kirkoswald  Registers  have  several  Bertram  entries; 
and  in  Lord  Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  we  have  the 
following :  — 

March  23.  1612-3  Rec.  of  Turner  for  dung  sold  in  iij  houses  at 
Kirkoswald  to  Mr.  Bartram  xxxs.^ 

It  is  not  easy  to  understand  the  significance  of  the 
following,  and  the  date  certainly  gives  little  time  for  a 
vacancy  after  Bartram.  It  is  addressed  to  Lord  Wharton, 
the  patron  of  the  living  :  — 

May  it  please  yor  Lopp 

I  have  not  written  to  yor  honor  since  the  24th  of  Aprill  because  I 
could  gett  noe  returnes  for  yor  moneys  that  I  had  in  my  hand  till  the 
last  weeke.  These  inclosed  bills  for  lOOli  are  all  yor  Lop.  must  expect 
before  my  journey  into  the  South,  wch  will  be  about  a  fortnight 
hence  (if  I  cann  gett  company  soe  soone). 

Bobt  Atkinson  and  my  selfe  have  mett  with  such  a  payre  of 
Partnrs  at  yor  Colepitts  as  never  men  had ;  but  of  this  I  shall 
further  acquaint  yor  Lop  when  I  have  the  happiness  to  see  you.  At 
the  prsent  we  shall  only  desire  that  we  may  be  continued  flarmrs 
of  them  aftr  the  expiracon  of  this  Lease  upon  such  termes  as  may 
seeme  reasonable  to  you ;  and  that  in  the  mean  tyme  none  may  have 
the  grant  of  them.     The  Coales  are  now  sold  at  Id  a  load. 

Exetr  is  sold  somewhat  bettr  then  what  I  mentioned  in  my  last 
could  be  gotten  for  him. 

Other  businesses  (none  whereof  require  hast)  I  shall  deferr  till  my 
attendance  upon  yor  Lop. 

I  take  leave  &  rest 
My  Lord 

Yor  Lops  most  humble  and 
faithfull  Servt 

E.  Branthwaite. 
May  18  1657. 

1.  Vide  p.  355. 

2.  P.  5. 


I 


Croglin  4^9 

Yor  Lop.  must  hasten  ye  Ministr    for  Croglin,  for  feare  of  a  Lapse 
&  for  supply  of  their  want. 
[Endorsed] 

18  May  1657. 
E.  Branthwaite  to  my  Lord  about  securemg  a  Minister  to  Croglin.' 

John  Lumley,  1658-9. 

This  also  is  a  new  name  furnished  by  the  Lambeth  MSS. 
and  his  appointment  is  referred  to  in  the  following  terms : 

Croglin  in 
Cumberland. 

Mr.  John  Lumley — Admitted  the  9th  day  of  ffebruary  1658/9  to  the 
R.  of  Croglin  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited  the 
l5th  day  of  October  1658  from  Philip  Lord  Wharton,  the  patron. 
And  Certificates  from  Geo.  Tibboll  of  Skelton,  Nath  :  Burnand  of 
Castle  Carrocke  Jo.  Jackson  Peter  Jackson  of  Sowerby.  2 

He  was  gone  before  1660,  and  how  his  removal  was  effected 
does  not  appear. 

John  RocxErs,  M.A.,  1660—1663. 

He  was  instituted  March  2nd,  1660-1,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  Philip,  Lord  Wharton.  Calamy  gives  a 
very  full  account  of  this  worthy  man.  Born  at 
Chacomb,  Northamptonshire,  April  25th,  1610,  where 
his  father,  of  the  same  name,  was  Minister,  he  went 
to  Oxford,  Wadham  College,  where  he  matriculated 
October  30th,  1629,  graduated  B.A.  December  4th,  1632, 
and  M.A.  June  27th,  1635.^  He  first  settled  at  Middleton 
Cheney  in  his  native  County,  was  appointed  Rector  of 
Leigh  in  Kent,  by  the  Westminster  Assembly  in  1644,  and 
in  the  same  year  by  order  of  Parliament  went  to  Barnard 
Castle  in  Durham.  In  the  Durham  Certificate,  dated 
December,  1645*  he  appears  under  the  heading  of  the 
Staindrop  Classis;  and  out  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  Lands  he  received  as  salary  for  the  Barnard 
Castle  Church  for  nine  months  and  seven  days  up  to 
December,  1649,  the  sum  of  £117.  9s.  Od.     The  following 

1.  Rawlinson  MSS.,  Letters  52,  fol.  87  (Bodl.  Library). 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  999. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  369. 


4IO 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


further  refers  to  the  Augmentation  which  he  and  others 
received  at  this  time. 

Newcastle  October  2.  1650. 

Durham  Whereas  there  is  by  ordinance  of  Parliament  of  the 

Barnarde  Castle  23  of  April  1645  graunted  unto  Mr.  Prideaux  Ministr 

Alnwicke  of    Newcastle,    Mr.    Nathaniell    Burnand    And    jNIr. 

Berwick  upon        Gilpin   Ministrs  of  Durham,   Mr.    Eogers   Ministr  of 

Tweed  Barnard  Castle,  Mr.  Marshall  late  Ministr  of  Alnwick 

and  Mr.  Oxenbridge  Ministr  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed 

15011   a   yeare    a  peece  out  of  the  Revenues  of  the 

Deane    &   Chaptr  of   Durham    which   sevall   yearely 

allowances  they  have  reed  till  the  25  of  December  1649 

and   there   is   an  arreare  according   to   the   p  prrccn 

[proportion]  of  1501i  a  yeare  a  peece  for  the  25th  of 

December  aforesd  till  ye  6th  of  January  last  the  sume 

of   ffower  pounds  nineteene    shillings   a  peece    which 

amounteth  in  the  whole  to  twenty  nine  pounds  four- 

teene   shilings     It   is  ordered   that   the   Trustees  for 

Sale  of  Deane  And  Chapter  Lands  doe  and  they  are 

desired  to  issue  theire  warrant  to  the  Trears  for  Sale 

of  Deane  and  Chapter  Lands  to  pay  unto  Mr.  Richard 

Marshall  to   the    use    of   the    said   Ministrs  the    said 

291i  14s  due   as  aforesaid.' 

John  Rogers  was  "  much  respected  by  Sir  Henry  Yane, 
Father  and  Son,  whose  seat  at  Roby  Castle  in  that  neigh- 
bourhood gave  Opportunity  for  frequent  Conversation. 
As  an  old  Aquaintance  he  afterwards  waited  upon  Young 
Sir  Henry  when  Imprison'd  in  the  Tower;  and  found  him 
Stout  and  Resolute,  not  sensible  of  any  Crime  he  had 
Committed."  An  officer  quartered  with  his  army  in  the 
town  where  Rogers  ministered  demanded  his  pulpit  that 
he  might  preach  therein  "  bidding  him  refuse  him  at  his 
peril  ";  but  Rogers  did  refuse.  A  zealous  observer  of  the 
Sabbath  "  he  would  always  oppose  the  driving  of  Cattel 
thro'  the  Town  on  that  Day,  tho,  it  was  to  a  Fair  to  be 
held  at  some  Neighbouring  Place  the  next."  Even 
towards  the  Quakers,  who  gave  him  "  some  Difficulty," 
was  his  "  carriage  so  engaging "  that  "  many  of  them 
could  not  forbear  giving  him  a  good  Word."  Calamy 
says  that  he  was  ejected  from  Barnard  Castle,  March  2nd, 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  327. 


Croglin  4 1 1 

1660 ;  and  now  happened  the  curious  fact  of  his  immediate 
appointment  to  Croglin,  though  an  Ejected  Minister, 
whence  he  was  outed  in  1663.  Both  Calamy  and  Foster 
are  in  error  in  giving  1662  as  the  date  of  his  second 
Ejectment. 

His  appointment  to  Croglin  is  attributed  to  Lord 
"Wharton,  and  that  is  correct.  The  patronage  of  the 
living  had  long  been  in  the  hands  of  the  Wharton  family, 
whose  influence  in  the  Eden  Valley  was  very  considerable, 
and  tended  somewhat  to  neutralize  that  of  the  Musgraves 
of  Edenhall,  who  were  violent  Royalists.  Yet  the  fact 
remains  that  a  Nonconformist  was  appointed  and  the 
question  arises  as  to  how  this  came  about.  It  would  also 
appear  that  Rogers  made  some  sort  of  submission  to  the 
Bishop,  which  permitted  of  his  settlement,  at  least,  for  a 
time.  Calamy  says  that  he  was  a  man  of  "  Moderation,"  of 
"  a  Catholick  Spirit,  and  a  great  Enemy  to  narrow  and 
uncharitable  Principles  or  Practices.  He  had  always  a 
fair  Correspondence  with  the  Neighbouring  Clergy, 
between  whom  and  him  there  pass'd  an  exchange  of 
Friendly  offices,  without  any  Shyness  or  Shadow  of 
Grudging.  Nay  he  was  treated  very  respectfully  upon 
Occasion,  by  those  of  the  greatest  Eminence;  As  Dr. 
Stern,  Arch-Bishop  of  York;  Dr.  Rainbow  Bishop  of 
Carlisle;  and  the  present  Bishop  of  Durham."  The 
[Episcopal  Register  at  Carlisle  throws  considerable  light 
ipon  the  matter,  the  following  being  extracted  from  it :  — 

Mr.  Rogers  testimonial!  &  licence  to  preach. 
Testimoniall  of  Subscription  &c. 

Universis  &  Singulis  Chri  fidelibus  ad  quos  prsentes  nrae  Lrae 
testimoniales  pervenerint  Richardus  providentia  Divina  Carliolensis 
Episcopus  Salutem.  Sciatis  quod  die  Datus  p'ntium  constitutus  coram 
nobis  personaliter  Johes  Rogers  Clericus  in  Artibus  Magr  &  in  Sacris 
presbyteratus  Ordinibus  rite  constitutus  prntatus  ad  Rectoriam  sive 
Eccliam  parochialem  de  Croglin  alias  Kirk  Croglin  in  Com  Cumbr. 
nrae  Dioces.  Carliolen.  ante  admissionem  &  institutionem  ad  eandem 
non  solum  de  renunciando  refutando  &  recusando  oem  &  oiodam 
potestatem  jurisdictionem  &  authoritatem  forinsecas  ac  de  agnoscendo 
Regiam  potestatem  Supremam  tarn  in  causis  ecclicis  quam  temporalibus 
juxta  &  scdm  [secundum]  formam  &  effectum  Statuti  parliamti  hujus 


412  The    Ejected   of  1662 

inclyti  Regni  Angliae  in  ea  parte  pie  ac  salubriter  editi  ac  provisi  Ac  de 
Allegianti  ac  fidelitate  Reginae  Mati  ejusq  haeredibus  &  successoribus 
p'standa  et  exhibenda  juxta  &  scdm  cujusdam  etiam  Statuti  formam 
in  eo  casu  promulgati  &  stabilite  Verum  etiam  de  litima  & 
canonica  sua  obedientia  nobis  &  successoribus  nris  Carliolen.  Epis 
pro  tempore  existent ibus  p'standa  Ac  etiam  de  Simoniaca  pravitate  in 
acquisitione  hujus  Rectoriae  nullatenus  Commissa '  ad  Sacra  Dei 
Evangelia  per  se  corporaliter  tacta  rite  juratus  fuit,  Et  etiam  tribus 
illis  Articulis  in  tricesimo  sexto  Capite  Canonum  Ecclicorum  autoritate 
publica  editorum  descriptis^  in  p'entia  nra  voluntarie  subscripsit  & 
Assensit. 

IN  CUJUS  REI  testimonium  Sigillum  nrum  Epale  p'ntibus  fecimus 
apponi  Dat  primo  die  IMensis  Martii  Anno  Dni  Scdm  Computationem 
Eccliae  Anglicanae  Millimo  Sexcentesimo  Sexagesimo  Et.  nrae  Con- 
secrationis  Anno  primo 

RICH    CARLIOLEN. 

The  two  following  are  in  the  margin  against  the  refer- 
ences above  given  :  — 

1.  In  a  Vicarage — 

[Nee  non  de  residendo  in  eadem  vicaria  scdm  exigentiam  Juris.] 

2.  Atq  etiam  Declaracone  sine  Recogenconi  p  Acti  Parliam  Decimo 
quarto  Caroli  Scdi  Regis  me  Moratae. 

Licence  to  Preach. 
RICHARDUS  providentia  Divina  Carliolen  Epus  Dilecto  nobis  in 
Chro  Johanni  Rogers  Clerico  in  Artibus  Magro  &  in  Sacris  presbyter- 
atus  Ordinibus  rite  constitute  Salutem  graam  &  benedictionem.  Ad 
prdicandum  &  proponendum  Verbum  dei  juxta  talentum  tibi  a  Dno  eo 
creditum  in  quibuscunq  Eccliis  in  &  per  dioces.  nram  Carliolen. 
Tibi  de  cujus  fidelitate  doctrina  &  erga  Sacrosancta  Chri  Evangelia 
zelo  scdm  Scientiam  vitaeq  &  morum  integritate  plenam  in  Dno 
fiduciam  concepimus  liberam  tenore  p'ntium  facultatem  &  potestatem 
concedimus  tarn  die  duraturum  donee  &  quousq.  aliter  nobis  visum 
fuerit  Te  nihilominus  admonentes  ut  Sacras  literas  pure  &  sincere 
tractes  easq  prudenter  &  cum  simplicitate  populo  diligenter  exponas. 
Et  ne  in  Sermonibus  tuis  contentiones  de  rebus  jam  per  Regiam 
autoritatem  constitutis  vel  suscites  vel  spargas  neve  alterationem  vel 
innovationem  quamcunq  in  doctrina  aut  ceremoniis  suadeas,  quod 
etiam  te  facturum  sive  propriae  manus  suae  Subscriptionem  testatus 

€S. 

IN  CUJUS  REI  testimonium  Sigillum  nrum  Epale  p'ntibus  apponi 
fecimus.  Dat  secundo  die  Mensis  Martii  Anno  Dni  Scdm  Computa- 
tionem Eccliae  Anglicanae  Millesimo  Sexcentesimo  Sexagesimo  et  nrae 
Consecrationis  Anno  primo 

RICH  CARLIOLEN. 


Croglin  413 

In  addition  to  these  is  given  in  full  a  copy  of  his 
"  Institution "  to  the  Rectory  or  Church  "  de  Croglin 
alias  Kirk  Croglin  "  now  lawfully  vacant,  the  Presentation 
being  "  Per  Honorahilem  Yirum  Philippum  Dnum 
Wharton  Baron  de  Wharton  "  the  undoubted  patron.  It 
is  dated  March  2.  1660/1,  the  "Mandate"  for  the 
Induction  which  is  also  given  in  full  bearing  the  same 
date. 

If  John  Rogers  in  any  way  conformed,  as  would  appear 
to  have  been  the  case  from  the  foregoing,  it  is  evident  that 
his  conformity  was  insufficient  to  keep  him  in  his  living 
at  Croglin  :  for  in  1663  he  was  deprived.  On  the  collation 
of  George  Yates  his  successor,  the  vacancy  is  attributed 
to  the  "  dep'vaconem  Johis  Rogers  cleri  ult  Incumbent."  ^ 
It  appears  from  the  following  that  the  sentence  of  Ejection 
must  have  taken  place  in  the  early  part  of  1663,  and  that 
he  remained  in  the  vicarage  to  suit  the  convenience  of  his 
patron  for  some  time  after.  This  letter  is  very  beautiful, 
and  the  references  to  George  Yates,  who  replaced  him, 
reveal  the  possession  of  a  rare  Christian  grace. 

Right  Honbl.  Croglin  Jun.  18.  1663. 

Hope  deferred  (saith  Solomon)  maketh  the  heart  sicke,  but  when 
the  desire  cometh  it  is  a  tree  of  life  I  have  ben  long  in  expectacon  of 
an  answer  from  yor  Lordshipp  concerning  the  dispose  of  Croglin 
psonage  and  stay  yt  att  the  place,  waiting  to  know  yor  Honrs 
pleasure  being  very  desirous  yt  my  remove  and  departure  (wch  ye 
occasions  of  my  family  &  season  of  the  yeare  as  other  pvidences  doe 
call  forth)  to  make  up  accounts  wth  ye  next  Incumbent  concerning 
dilapidations  &  the  last  yeare's  profitts,  for  1  doe  feare  if  anything 
should  miscarry  in  my  absence,  before  I  have  concluded  concerning 
them,  I  am  too  liable  to  bee  responsible. 

Mr.  George  Yates  (that  supplyes  the  Cure)  receives  the  Tithes  that 
this  yeare  doe  arise  due,  as  the  Eastr  reckonings  Tith  Lambe  & 
WooU  &c.  Hee  is  painfull  in  his  calling,  preaching  herein  on  y© 
Lords  day  &  Catechising.  He  is  also  unblameable  in  his  life  and 
such  a  Minister  as  the  neighbours  of  Croglin  desire  may  be  setled 
among  them  I  hope  hee  will  approve  himselfe  a  faithfull  Steward  of 
ye  Misteries  of  God  &  a  workman  yt  needs  not  to  bee  ashamed  rightly 
deviding  the  word  of  truth  giving  milke  to  babes  &  meat  to  men  of 
strength. 

1.  Episcopal  Register,  Carlisle. 


414 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


The  only  wise  God  (that  knows  the  hearts  of  all  men)  Counsel  and 
direct  yor  Honr  in  this  great  affaire,  that  you  may  choose  &  present 
a  pastor  aftr  God's  owne  heart,  that  there  may  be  reioycing  in  the 
presence  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Xt  att  his  coming.  Oh  yt  this  God  that 
stands  in  the  Congregacion  of  the  mighty  and  iudgeth  among  the 
gods  would  be  pleased  to  manifest  himself e  to  bee  so©  in  and  wth 
yor  parliamentary  Assembly  and  Covmsells  that  all  may  bee  carryed 
on  to  the  glory  of  his  great  Name,  that  his  poore  Servants  may  have 
a  naile  in  his  holy  place  &  our  God  may  lighten  our  eyes  &  give  us 
a  little  reviving  in  or  [our}  bondage. 

It  is  my  hearts  desire  &  prayr  yt  the  God  of  all  grace  would 
continue  forth  his  kindnesses  &  powre  downe  blessings  abundantly  on 
yor  Lordshipp's  person  famely  and  great  imployments  &  reiterating 
my  earnest  request  to  have  by  the  first  a  line  or  two  from  yor  Honr 
concerning  the  pmisses. 

I  take  leave  to  rest 

Yor  Honor's  much  bounden  & 
humble  Servnt  in  Christ 
John  Kogers. 
[Endorsed] 

Mr.    Rogers   to   my   Lord 

deliv'd  by  his  brother  Wm. 

Rogers   next    doore    to    the 

boare  in  Henrietta  Street  in 

Covent  Garden.' 

The  wife  of  John  Eogers  was  Grace,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Butler,  merchant  of  Newcastle.  Another  daughter  was 
Mary,  who  married  Ambrose  Barnes.  The  wife  of  Rogers 
was  buried  at  Barnard  Castle,  February  5th,  1677-8, 
where  several  children  also  lie.^ 

Calamy  says  that  Rogers  continued  the  "  Exercise  of 
his  Ministry  after  his  being  silenc'd  without  Fear,  '  He 
licens'd  a  Place  or  Two  in  '72  at  Darlington  and  Stockton 
in  Durham.  When  the  Indulgence  expir'd,  he  Preach'd 
at  his  own  House  at  Startford,  one  Lord's  Day;  and  the 
other  he  would  spend,  either  in  Teesdale  or  in  Waredale, 
among  these  who  wrought  in  the  Lead-Mines.  Many  a 
troublesome  journey  hath  he  taken  to  those  Poor  People 
through  very  deep  Snows,  and  over  high  Mountains  when 

1.  Rawl.  MS.  Letters  104.     This  letter  is  in  a  beautifully  clear  hand. 

2.  Memoir  of  Ambrose  Barnes  (Surtees  Soc,  vol.  50),  p.  66. 


Croglin  415 

the  Ways  have  been  extream  bad,  and  the  Cold  very  sharp 
and  pinching:  But  he  made  nothing  of  his  Fatigue  through 
his  Love  to  Souls;  especially  being  encourag'd  by  the 
Mighty  eagerness  of  those  honest  People  to  hear  the  word. 
And  he  us'd  to  Preach  frequently  on  the  Week-Days  also. 
And  yet  for  all  his  Pains  he  did  not  receive  above  lOli  per 
Annum,  but  liv'd  upon  what  he  had  of  his  own,  and  had 
some  room  left  both  for  Generosity  and  Charity  too." 
Only  one  License  for  Darlington  can  be  found,  in  which 
he  appears  as  "  Presbyt."  at  the  "  House  of  Robert 
Nichoalson,"  but  under  Yorkshire  we  have  one  for 
"  Lartington."  "  He  dy'd  with  a  great  deal  of  Calmness 
and  Resignation,"  says  Calamy,  "  at  Startford  in  York- 
shire Nov.  28.  1680.  His  Funeral  Sermon  was  Preach'd 
by  Mr.  Brokill  Minister  of  Barnard-Castle  where  he  was 
bury'd.  He  gave  him  a  very  Friendly  Character :  And 
indeed  his  Memory  is  precious  in  those  Parts  to  this  Day. 
He  hath  nothing  in  Print  but  a  little  Catechism;  And 
Two  Letters  to  Mr.  Richard  Wilson,  upon  the  Death  of 
his  Daughter,  whose  Life  was  Publish'd  under  the  name 
of  the  Virgin  Saint."  ^ 

Palmer  adds  a  long  and  striking  story  of  the  way  in 
which  John  Rogers  was  delivered  from  the  imprisonment, 
to  which  he  had  been  condemned  by  Sir  Richard  Cradock, 
a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  "  violent  hater  and  persecutor 
of  dissenters,"  through  the  interposition  of  the  Judge's 
six  year  old  daughter.  The  story  was  told  by  Timothy 
Rogers,  son  of  the  Ejected  Minister,  who  had  often  heard 
it  from  his  father's  lips.  Timothy  Rogers  was  for  some 
time  at  Wantage,  Berks,  and  afterwards  colleague  with 
John  Shower  at  the  Old  Jewry,  London. ^ 

George  Yates,  1663/4— 1670. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Sterne  "  per  lapsum  "  ffeb. 
9.  166^5-4,  and  was  from  the  neighbouring  parish  of 
Ainstable.     He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1664. 

1.  Vide  p.  338. 

2.  Vide  Al.  Ox.  ;  Calamy,  vols,  ii,  p.  151,  iii,  p.  226 ;  and  Non. 
Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  379. 


4i6 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


The  Registers  give  his  marriage  in  the  following  terms : 
Married  1664  Mr.  George  Yeates  and  Mary  Dacre  daughter  of  Mr. 
Humphrey  Dacre  pish  of  Haltwhistle  Novemb.  7. 

They  also  record  the  burial  of  a  daughter,  Mary,  on  March 
9th,  1666,  the  baptism  of  Margaret,  and  of  another 
daughter,  on  October  30th,  1667;  and  the  following 
curious  entry  appears  in  reference  to  another  son :  — 

1669  George  Sonne  of  Mr.  G.  Yates  was  baptised  June  the  9th, 
but  was  borne  Saturday  the  15th  of  May  about  betwixt  foure  &  five 
a  clock  in  afternoone. 

His  own  burial  entry  reads  thus :  — 

Mr.  George  Yates  Rector  16  December  1670. 

The  Whitbeck  Registers  contain  the  following :  — 

Mr.  George  Yates  &  Mrs.  Margaret  Addison  Married  ye  7th 
day  of  March  1697. 

Whether  he  was  the  son  whose  birth  is  above  recorded 
does  not  appear. 

George  Sanderson,  1671 — 1691. 

He  was  instituted  July  3rd,  1671,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"Dns  Wharton,"  and  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits 
in  this  year.  He  held  the  living  at  Kirkoswald  as  well 
for  some  time,  and  died  in  1691.^ 

Thomas  Hunter,  1691—1724. 

He  was  inducted  August  24th,  1691,  and  died  in  1724. 
He  had  previously  been  at  Ravenstonedale.^ 

The  Registers  contain  the  following  interesting  entries  : 
Rebecca    Daughter  of   Tho.    Mulcaster    baptized   by    a   desenteing 

Minister  on  ye  7th  of  October  1698. 

1702  Ann  daughter  of  Thos.  Mulcaster  Baptized  October  ye  7th. 

The  Mulcasters  were  a  prominent  Nonconformist  family 
as  the  Presentment  List  shows. ^ 

1.  Vide  p.  343.  . 

2.  Vide  p.  1110. 

3.  Vide  p.  1341. 


IV.    THE   PENRITH   GROUP. 
I.     PENRITH. 

One  of  the  larger  Cumbrian  towns  and,  lying  in  the 
direct  route  between  England  and  Scotland,  Penrith  has 
figured  considerably  in  the  stirring  scenes  of  the  past.  The 
fragments  of  its  Castle,  near  the  station,  which  catch  the 
eye  of  the  traveller  going  north  or  south,  are  an  eloquent 
witness  to  events  which  centre  in  the  period  with  which 
we  are  concerned.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Andrew, 
and  the  Registers  begin  in  1556.  The  earlier  ones  form  a 
large,  stout  volume,  and  are  in  good  condition ;  but  the  ink 
has  faded  in  several  places.  The  entries  are  promiscuous 
and  those  from  1556  to  1601  were  published  by  Mr.  George 
Watson  in  1893.  On  the  second  page  of  this  volume,  in 
old  English  characters,  appears  the  following  :  — 

A  trewe  Coppye  of  the  Register  Booke  of  Penreth  of  all 
christenings  mariages  and  burialls  beginning  in  the  yere  of  our  Lord 
God  1556  written  on  parchment  by  me  Willm  Walleis  Vicarius 
guonda. 

This  copy,  we  are  informed  elsewhere,  was  "  Scriptus  " 
in  1599,  "  anno  Regni  Elizabetha  41" ;  and  the  original 
would  be  in  paper.  The  Churchwardens'  Accounts  begin 
in  1655,  and  respecting  them  Mr.  Watson  says:  — 

In  two  folio  volumes,  ultimately  bound  in  one.  The  first  com- 
mences in  1655,  and  contains  four  quires  of  foolscap  paper  and  its 
three  hundred  and  thirty  five  pages  cover  a  period  of  one  hundred 
and  ten  years.  The  paper  of  this  book  is  not  only  foolscap  in  size, 
but  is  actually  so,  since  it  bears  the  original  water  mark  of  the 
fool's  cap  and  bells.  The  entries  in  the  old  book  are  very  meagre 
and  consist  generally  of  items  of  money  received  or  paid ;  rarely 
indeed  did  the  old  men  venture  upon  a  remark  or  note  not  directly 
connected  with  pounds,  shillings  and  pence.  In  the  list  of  first 
payments  is  this  item  :  "  For  this  paper  book  with  the  ordinances 
bound  therein  5s.  8d."     From  the  commencement  of  the  book  in  1655 

AB 


4i8 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


a  vicar's  name  is  not  mentioned  until  we  come  across  this  entry. 
"April  18th  1663.  We  the  Ministrs  and  Churchwardens  &c.  Simon 
Webster,  &c." ' 

"We  shall  see  presently  that  the  latter  statement  is  in- 
accurate, and  Mr.  Watson  puts  a  much  lower  value 
generally  upon  these  Accounts  than  they  deserve.  A  very 
hasty  inspection  of  them  impressed  me  with  their  interest. 
The  earlier  entries,  in  particular,  are  well  worth  publica- 
tion; and  the  Penrith  Parish  Chest,  in  which  I  was 
informed  are  some  old  fragments  in  bundles,  would 
doubtless  well  repay  careful  examination. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents:  — 

William  Walleis  or  Wallis,  B.A.,  1575 — 1601. 

The  Registers  give  the  date  of  his  Induction  as  Jun.  28, 
15T5.  Foster  has  the  following  :  — "  Of  Queen's  Coll.  1564, 
B.A.  9  July,  1568;  vicar  of  Penrith  1576  and  of  Thursby 
(both),  Cumberland,  1601."  ^  His  departure  from  Penrith 
is  referred  to  in  the  Registers  thus :  — 

1601  Aprill  14 — Departed  Willm  Walleis  who  was  Vicar  of 
Penreth  about  xxvi  yeres  last  to  the  Vicarage  of  Thursbie  west  of 
Carliell. 

He  had  a  very  plentiful  supply  of  wives  as  the  following 
marriage  record  shows  :  — 

1576  Jul.  16,  to  Isabel  Woodhouse. 

1584,  Nov.  4,  to  Mabel  Moore. 

1587,  Dec.  2,  to  Saraye  Spring  Servant  to  Mr.  Farfax  at  Heskett. 

1598  Dec.  8,  to  Dorothie  Machell  by  Sir  John  Knott. 

Indeed  he  appears  to  have  had  an  earlier  one  still, 
Margaret,  who  was  buried  Oct.  12,  1575.  His  children, 
as  might  be  expected,  were  numerous.^ 

John  Hastie,  M.A.,  1601 — . 

He  was  a  native  of  Catterlen,  near  Penrith.  His  wife 
died  in  1607,  and  he  afterwards  married  Grace  Page,  the 
daughter  of  Anthony  Page.  In  the  Newton  Reigny 
Registers  are  several  references  to  the  Hastie  family;  and 

1.  Notabilia  of  Old   Penrith. 

2.  Al.   Ox. 

3.  Vide  p.  532. 


Penrith  419 

the  following  from  those  Registers  has  been  inserted  in  the 

the  Penrith  Registers  :  — 

A  true  copy  of  the  age  of  Mr.  Hastie,  Vicar  of  Penrith  set  down 
here  July  2nd,  1650.  The  27th  day  of  January  was  baptized  John 
Hastie,  Son  of  William  Hastie  of  Caterlen,  Anno  Dom  1575.  Witness 
the  register  book  of  Newton  per  me  Jacobum  Pearson  Minister. 

John  Hastie  was  a  graduate  of  Cambridge  University,  and 
was  ordained  Priest  in  March,  1601.  He  preached  at 
Penrith  on  April  12,  1601,  being  "  Easter  daye,  his  text 
was  the  third  verse  of  the  first  of  Esaye  the  p'fett."^  His 
Induction  took  place  on  April  28th  in  the  "  presence  of 
Mr.  Anthony  Page,  Steward,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Atkinson 
with  many  others."  ^  He  also  had  quite  a  large  family,  the 
names  of  at  least  a  dozen  of  his  children  appearing  in  the 
Registers.  The  first  entry  is  that  of  Anthony,  a  son,  who 
was  baptized  March  25th,  1605,  and  died  about  two 
months  after.  His  "  Wyfe,"  Marion,  was  buried  Nov.  21, 
1607.  It  was  his  daughter,  Anne  Hastie,  baptized  July  3, 
1612,  whose  marriage  with  William  Willis  is  noted  in  the 
Registers  under  Aug.  28,  1634.  This  would  be  the  Penrith 
Schoolmaster  who  appears  in  the  list  of  Preachers  at 
Watermillock.^ 

In  Lord  William  Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  are  two 
interesting  references  to  John  Hastie  as  follow :  — 

Jan.    18,    1618-9.     To    Mr.    Hasty   for    the    tofts    and   Crofts    at 

Pereth  delivered  by  Lane.  Hall  xijli.4 

August  2,   1634.     To  Mr.   Hayskies  manne  of  Penreth  bringinge 

apples  and  Chirries  iijs.* 

The  Editor  thinks  "Hayskie"  is  for  "Askew,"  but  there 
can  be  little  doubt  that  Hastie  is  the  person  intended. 

On  January  5,  1647-8  "  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  &  Jane 
Hastie  maried."  This  was  the  Cockermouth  Minister.  ^ 
It  is  generally  assumed  that  about  this  date  John  Hastie 

1.  Parish   Registers. 

2.  Ihid. 

3.  Vide  p.  515. 

4.  P.  99. 

5.  P.  317. 

6.  Vide  pp.  682,  699. 


420  The   Ejected    of   1662 

was  sequestered,  his  successor  being  Roger  Baldwin, 
whose  son  "  Will."  was  baptized  June  9,  1650.  Walker 
includes  Hastie  in  his  list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy,"  but  he 
gives  no  information  about  him.  He  misspells  the  name 
of  both  the  person  and  the  place  thus :  — "  John  Haisly, 
Benreth."^  Mr.  George  Watson,  who  fixes  upon  1650  as 
the  date,  thinks  the  birth  certificate  above  referred  to  was 
required  by  Cromwell's  "  Triers,"  especially  so  because  the 
original  entry  in  the  Newton  Registers  has  been  taken  out. 
But  the  "  Triers "  concerned  themselves  with  no  such 
matters ;  and  the  statement  that  Hastie  was  sequestered 
is  open  to  serious  doubt.  In  1646  the  Plundered  Ministers' 
Committee  voted  him  a  substantial  Augmentation,  as  the 
following  shows  :  — 
Cumberland. 

Att  the  Comittee  for  Plundered  Ministers  September  23rd. 
Anno  Dni  1646. 
By  vertue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  Parliament  of  the  second 
of  May  last  It  is  ordered  that  ye  yearelie  sume  of  ffortie  pounds  be 
paid  out  of  such  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of 
Penrith  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  wch  are  Sequestered  from  Sr 
ffrancis  Howard  Knt  Delinquent  ffarmer  thereof  under  the  Bishopp 
of  Carlile  over  and  above  his  psent  Maintennce  of  twelve  pounds  a 
yeare  payable  out  of  the  said  Rectorie  to  and  for  increase  of  the 
Maintenance  of  Mr.  John  Hasty  Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of 
Penrith  aforesaid  being  the  Chiefest  Markett  Towne  in  the  said 
Countie  the  residue  of  his  Maintenance  being  but  Twelve  pounds  a 
yeare  And  the  Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to  pay  the 
same  accordingly  att  such  times  and  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  said 
profitts  shall   grow   due   and  payable. 

Gilbt.  Milliiigton.2 

Then  about  1650  he  and  Roger  Baldwin  are  referred  to  as 
recipients  of  grants  from  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the 
Bishops'  Lands.  Roger  Baldwin  is  styled  "  lecturer  of  the 
Parish  Church  of  Penrith,"  and  his  grant  is  £37.  10s.  Od. ; 
while  John  Hastie  is  simply  named  as  of  Penrith  with  a 
grant  of  £20.  Os.  Od.s     Roger  Baldwin's  Lectureship  in 

1.  Walker,  Pt.  ii,  p.  262. 

2-    S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  F.   1  (Record  Office).     This  document  is  dupli- 
cated in  the  Bodleian  MS.   323. 

3.   Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  564. 


Penrith  42 1 

no  way  implies  John  Hastie's  supersession.i  By  this  time 
Hastie  had  become  quite  old;  he  had  seen  at  least  fifty 
years  of  service,  and  it  is  clear  from  the  fact  just  named 
that  Baldwin  and  he  were  together  serving  the  Penrith 
Parish  and  in  receipt  of  liberal  assistance  from  the 
Plundered  Ministers'  Fund.  It  would,  however,  appear 
that  not  very  long  after  this  Roger  Baldwin  was  appointed 
to  the  living ;  but  there  is  no  evidence  to  show  that  Hastie 
was  sequestered.  Nicolson  and  Burn  have  the  following 
in  relation  to  this  matter :  — 

John  Hastie  continued  until  after  the  abolition  of  episcopacy,  and 
his  living  was  sequestred.  During  the  time  of  his  being  ejected,  one 
Baldwin  had  his  place,  who  repaired  the  vicarage  house  with  part  of 
1001  given  to  him  for  that  purpose  out  of  the  sequestred  livings.  On 
the  return  of  King  Cha.  2  Mr.  Hastie  was  restored,  but  died  soon 
after.  2 

The  latter  statement  is  incorrect  as  will  be  shown  presently ; 
but  the  whole  passage  is  a  good  illustration  of  the  manner 
in  which  this  History,  invaluable  in  many  respects,  treats 
this  period.  Hutchinson  complains  of  the  ecclesiastical 
bias  of  the  writers,  and  not  without  reason,  though  he 
himself  sinned  not  less  grievously  in  this  direction.  These 
writers  make  large  use  of  Walker,  and  accept  his  statements 
without  in  any  way  challenging  them;  but  Calamy,  to 
whom  Walker's  work  was  meant  as  a  reply,  appears  to 
have  been  beneath  them.  Had  they  consulted  him  in  the 
slightest  degree,  they  would  have  been  able  to  write  a 
little  more  illuminatively  about  Roger  Baldwin  than  as 
"  one  Baldwin."  What  seems  to  have  happened  was  the 
retirement  of  John  Hastie  with  an  allowance. 

That  sentence  was  written  months  ago;  and  it  is  only 
within  the  last  few  weeks  that  the  following  documents 
have  been  discovered,  which  practically  establish  the 
position  assumed  throughout :  — 

Cumberland 

Penrith  October  19.  1647. 

Whereas  this  cotee  [CommitteeJ  the  21st  of  May  last  graunted  50li 

1.  Vide  p.  141  for  an  account  of  the  Lectureship. 
2-  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  407. 


42  2  The   Ejected   of   1662 


a  yeare  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of  Penrith  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  sequestred  from  Sr.  ffrancis  Howard 
papist  &  delinquent  to  &  for  increase  of  the  maintenance  of  Mathew 
Wilkinson  Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Bampton  in  the  Countie  of 
Westmerland  ffor  that  the  said  Impropriacon  &  pish  of  Bampton  are 
in  2  severall  Counties  &  the  pishioners  of  Penrith  Complains  that  the 
said  pish  beinge  very  large  &  Consistinge  of  1400  pishoners  & 
Conteyning  a  greate  Market  towne  Mr.  John  Hasteis  the  pnte  [present] 
Incumbent  thereof  is  not  able  in  regards  of  the  greatnes  of  his  age 
&  of  the  said  Cure  to  supplie  the  said  Cure  himselfe  It  is  therefore 
ordered  that  the  said  order  of  the  21st  of  May  be  discharged  &  that 
the  Somme  of  501i  a  yeare  be  paid  unto  the  said  Mr.  Hasteis  for  the 
maintennce  of  such  godlie  &  orthodox  devine  as  the  Cotee  shall 
approve  off  to  be  assistant  to  him  in  descharge  off  the  dutie  of  the 
said  place.' 

Penrith 
Rect.  thereof.  Dec.  12.  1649. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  ye  23  of  September  1646  graunted  ye 
yearly  Sume  of  401i  out  of  the  pfitts  of  the  Imppriate  Rectory  of 
Penrith  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  Seqred  from  Sr  ffrancis  Howard 
Delinqnt  ffarmer  thereof  under  the  Bpp.  of  Carlile  for  increase  of  the 
maintence  of  Mr.  John  Hastie  Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Penrith 
aforesaid  It  is  ordered  that  ye  Trustees  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Land  doe 
&  they  are  hereby  desired  to  issue  their  warrants  to  the  Trears  for 
sale  of  Bpps  Lands  to  pay  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Hastie  or  unto  Mr. 
Thomas  Langhorne  to  his  use  ye  Sume  of  twenty  pounds  for  cne 
halfe  yeares  rent  of  the  pmisses  due  ye  29th  of  Septembr  last  pvided 
the  said   Minster  first  subscribe  ye  Ingagemtz 

Cumberland 

Penrith 
Rect.  thereof.  January  1,   1649. 

Whereas  the  Comittee  have  ye  9th  of  October  1647  graunted  ye 
yearely  Sume  of  50li  out  of  the  Imppriate  Rectory  of  Penrith  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberlnd  seqrd  from  Sr  ffrancis  Howard  Delinqnt  ffarmer 
therof  undr  ye  Bpp  of  Carlisle  for  increase  of  ye  maintence  of  a 
Lecturer  to  preach  in  ye  said  pish  Church  of  Penrith  It  is  ordered 
yt  ye  Trustees  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  doe  &  they  are  hereby  desired 
to  issue  their  warrants  to  the  Trears  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  to  pay 
unto  Mr.  Roger  Baldwin  Lecturer  of  the  sd  Church  or  unto  Mr. 
Thomas  Langhorne  to  his  use  ye  Sume  of  371i  10s  for  three  quarters 
rent  due  ye  25th  of  Decembr  last  3 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  325. 

2.  Ihid.,  326. 

3.  Ibid.,  327. 


Penrith  423 

Penrith.  June  28th,   1650. 

Whereas  the  Comittee  have  the  9th  of  October  1647  graunted  the 
yearely  sume  of  ffifty  pounds  out  of  the  Impropriate  Rectory  of 
Penrith  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Sequestred  from  Sr  ffrancis 
Howard  Delinqt  ffarmer  thereof  undr  the  Bpp  of  Carlisle  for  increase 
of  the  maintennce  of  a  Lecturer  to  preach  in  the  parish  Church  of 
Penrith  aforesaid  and  have  the  1  January  1649  referred  it  to  the 
Trustees  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  to  issue  theire  warrant  to  the  Trears 
for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands  to  pay  unto  Roger  Baldwin  Lecturer  of  the 
said  Church  or  unto  Mr.  Thomas  Langhorne  to  his  use  the  Sume  of 
371i  10s  for  three  quartrs  rent  of  the  pmisses  due  the  25th  of  Decembr 
last  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Trustees  doe  issue  theire  warrant  to 
the  said  Trears  to  pay  unto  the  said  Mr.  Baldwin  or  unto  Capt. 
Man.  Dowson  to  his  use  the  said  371i  10s  due  as  aforesaid.^ 

Penreth.  June  28th,   1650. 

Whereas  this  Comitte  have  the  23rd  of  Septembr  1646  graunted  the 
yearely  Sume  of  40li  out  of  ye  profTitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectory 
of  Penrith  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Sequestrd  from  Sr 
ffrancis  Howard  Delinqnt  ffarmer  thereof  under  the  Bishopp  of 
Carlisle  for  increase  of  the  maintennce  of  Mr.  John  Hastie  Minister 
of  the  parish  Church  of  Penrith  aforesaid  and  have  the  12th  of 
December  1649  referred  it  to  the  Trustees  for  Sale  of  Bpps  Lands 
to  issue  theire  warrant  to  the  Trears  for  Sale  of  Bishopps  Lands  to 
pay  unto  the  said  Mr.  Hastie  or  unto  Mr.  Thomas  Langhorne  to  his 
use  the  sume  of  Twenty  pounds  for  halfe  a  yeares  rent  of  the  pmisses 
due  the  25th  of  Decembr  last  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Trustees  doe 
issue  theire  warrant  to  the  said  Trears  to  pay  unto  the  said  Mr. 
Hastie  or  unto  Capt.  Mann  Dowson  to  his  use  the  said  20li  due  as 
aforesaid  2 

Jolm  Hastie's  age  and  consequent  incompetence  for  the 
duties  of  his  sacred  office  were  the  determining  factors  in 
the  situation ;  and  that  the  authorities  were  anxious  to  deal 
justly  and  keep  faith  with  him,  is  evident  from  what 
follows.  It  is  worth  notice  that  in  the  first  of  these 
passages  John  Hastie  is  still  spoken  of  as  "  Incumbent," 
though  the  fact  need  not  be  pressed  too  far :  — 

Penrith.  March  12,  1654. 

John  Hasty  Incumbent  of  ye  Church  of  Penrith  in  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  Complaines  That  Twenty  Seaven  poundes  a  yeare  being 

1.  Bodl.  MS.  327. 

2.  Ibid. 


424 


The    Ejected   of    1662 


setled  upon  him  out  of  ye  Tithes  of  ye  Rectory  of  Penrith  aforesaid 
Mr.  Roger  Baldwyn  to  whom  ye  Rectory  of  Penrith  aforesaid  is 
Graunted  Charged  with  ye  said  Twenty  Seaven  poundes  a  yeare 
detaines  ye  same  from  him.  It  is  ordered  yt  ye  said  Mr.  Baldwyn 
doe  shew  Cause  on  ye  six  and  twentith  day  of  June  next  wherefore 
he  paies  not  ye  said  Twenty  Seaven  poundes  a  yeare  unto  him  ye 
said  ^Ir.  Hasty  wch  cause  he  is  to  shew  by  himselfe  or  some  one 
sufficiently  authorized  in  his  behalfe. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri.  Sydenham  Jo  Humfrey  Jo.  Pocock  Ra  Hall.' 

Penrith.  July  9,  1655. 

The  Trustees  doe  appoint  to  take  into  Consideracon  ye  answer  of 
[blank]  Baldwin  Ministr  of  Penrith  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  to 
ye  order  of  ye  12th  of  March  1654  Concning  ye  Claime  of  Mr.  John 
Hasty  to  Twenty  Seaven  poundes  a  yeare  payable  by  ye  said  Mr. 
Baldwin  out  of  ye  said  Rectory  of  Penrith  on  ye  17th  of  July  instant 
when  ye  said  ]\Ir.  Hasty  hath  Liberty  by  Himselfe  or  his  Agent  to 
be  heard  thereunto. 

Jo.    Thorowgood    Jo    Humfrey    Ri    Sydenham    Edw.     Hopkins    Jo. 
Pocock.* 

Penrith.  July  17,  1655. 

Upon  hearing  pties  on  both  Sides  in  ye  case  betweene  Mr.  [blank] 
Asty  Claiming  261i  a  yeare  out  of  ye  tithes  of  Penrith  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  &  Mr  Roger  Baldwin  setled  in  ye  Rectory  of  Penrith 
aforesaid  charged  with  ye  said  261i  a  yeare  &  Severall  other  paymts 
to  other  Ministers  It  is  ordered  yt  ye  said  Mr  Asty  abate  of  ye  said 
26li  a  yeare  pportionably  with  ye  other  Ministers  in  respect  of  ye 
Cheapnes  of  ye  Come  And  yt  ye  said  Mr.  Baldwyn  doe  pay  him  ye 
said  pporcon. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra  Hall  Jo.  Pocock  Ri  Sydenham  Edw.  Hopkins 
Jo.  Humfrey.' 

Penrith.  July  30,  1655. 

Whereas  the  Comissionrs  for  propagation  of  the  Gtospell  in  the 
fower  Northerne  Counties  have  by  their  ordr  of  the  3d  of  Novembr 
1655  Setled  Mr.  Roger  Baldwin  Ministr  of  Penreth  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  And  ye  Rectory  of  Penreth  aforesaid  was  Conferred 
upon  him  for  his  Maintennce  Charged  notwithstanding  with  the 
severall  yearely  Sumes  of  Twenty  Seaven  poundes  fifteene  poundes 
tenne  shillings  xxli  vis  vii  jd  amounting  in  all  to  Sixty  two  poundes  xvis 
&  viijd  a  yeare  And  whereas  the  said  Rectory  being  valued  at  170li 
a  yeare  when  the  said  Mr.  Baldwin  was  Setled  there  as  aforesaid  is 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  1008. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Ibid. 


Penrith  425 

in  regard  of  ye  Charges  of  Corne  for  ye  pnt  [present]  of  less  value  It  is 
therefore  ordered  yt  ye  rents  &  pfits  of  ye  said  Rectory  Charged  with 
ye  said  Several!  Sumes  be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto  ye  said  Mr. 
Baldwin  (approved  &c)  for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  ye  duty 
of  ye  Minr  of  ye  said  place  or  till  further  ordr  of  ye  said  Trustees. 
Provided  yt  for  such  time  as  ye  said  Rectory  shall  be  under  ye  said 
yearely  value  of  one  hundred  &  Seaventy  poundes  a  due  pporcon  of 
ye  said  several]  sumes  charged  upon  ye  said  Rectory  be  abated  unto 
ye  said  Mr.  Baldwin  according  to  ye  rate  ye  said  Tithes  shall  from 
time  to  time  goe  and  be  desposed  att.  And  yt  Mr.  Edmund  Bran- 
thwaite  Recr  doe  pay  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Baldwyn  ye  said  rents  & 
pfits  (ye  said  ratable  deduccons  first  made  as  aforesaid)  accordingly. 
And  it  is  further  ordered  yt  ye  said  Mr.  Branthwaite  doe  lett  ye  said 
Tithes  att  ye  best  rate  he  can  gett  for  ye  same  for  this  pnt  yeare. 
And  yt  ye  said  Mr.  Baldwyn  pducing  any  responsible  pson  or  psons 
to  take  ye  same  att  as  good  a  rate  as  any  one  else  will  give  yt  he 
lett  same  to  such  pson  or  psons  before  any  other. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra  Hall  Ri  Sydenham  Jo  Humfrey  Jo.  Pocock.' 

The  error  of  Nicolson  and  Burn  witli  regard  to  the 
Teturn  of  Hastie  at  the  Restoration,  repeated  by  Jefferson 
and  Hutchinson,  has  disappeared  from  the  works  of 
later  writers  on  Penrith  Ecclesiastical  History.  John 
Hastie  died  before  the  Restoration,  The  Registers  are 
•decisive  as  to  this :  — 

1659  June  the  6  Mr.  John  Haisty  Late  vicar  of  Penrith  buried. 

It  is  curious,  however,  to  find  in  the  Churchwardens' 
Accounts  the  name  of  "  Mr.  John  Haisty  "  occurring  even 
until  1662.  Probably  he  was  the  Minister's  son,  the  "Mr." 
teing  given  frequently  to  the  children  as  well  as  to  the 
parent  in  such  a  position;  and  the  presence  of  the  name 
in  this  form  may  have  led  to  the  error  in  question.  The 
fact  also  that  a  "  Widow  Haisty  "  appears  in  the  same 
l)ook  under  date  1655  shows  that  the  family  were  numerous 
in  the  town  and  district. 

Roger  Baldwin,  M.A.,  1653(  ?)— 1660. 

He  was  the  son  of  William  Baldwin  of  Standishgate, 
Wigan,  pewterer,  who  died  in  1673,  Roger  being  the 
fourth  of  six  children.  He  was  baptized  at  Wigan,  Nov. 
28th,  1624.     In  1643  he  matriculated  in  Glasgow  Univer- 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  972. 


426 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


sity,  but  shortly  afterwards  was  transferred  to  Edinburgh 
University,  where  he  graduated  M.A.,  April  15th,  1645. 
The  year  after  he  appears  as  Minister  of  Ellenbrook,  a 
Chapelry  in  the  Parish  of  Eccles,  but  it  would  seem  that 
he  left  the  following  year.  His  next  appointment  was  to 
the  Carlisle  Lectureship  which  he  certainly  held  in  1647  /  8  ;^ 
and  thence  he  removed  to  Penrith  in  1649,  ^  where  he  had  a 
similar  position,  and  so  would  serve  as  "  assistant "  to 
John  Hastie  in  his  work.  Reference  has  already  been 
made  to  the  baptism  at  Penrith  of  a  son,  William,  on. 
June  9,  1650,  and  fifteen  months  later  there  is  the 
recorded  baptism  of  a  daughter.^  Roger  Baldwin 
succeeded  John  Hastie  in  the  Penrith  living,  though  the 
exact  date  when  this  took  place  has  not  been  ascertained. 
Certainly  it  was  not  before  1650 ;  and  probably  it  was  not 
later  than  1653.     The  following  relates  to  the  matter :  — 

Tuesday  Oct.   18,   1653. 

That  a  Letter  be  written  to  Mr.  Cholmley  and  Mr.  [blank]  Justices 
of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Cumberland,  to  take  care  to  settle 
Mr.  [blank,]  Baldwin  in  the  Vicaridge  of  Penrith,  he  haveing  beene 
already  Appointed  thereto  by  the  [MS.  breaks  off].* 

Calamy  supplies  no  information  about  his  early  life.  He 
was  approved  by  Cromwell's  "  Triers  "  in  1654  according 
to  the  following  :  — 

Know  all  &c.  the  sixth  day  of  July  in  the 
yeare  1654  There  was  exhibited  to  &c  An  order 
of  the  Comissionrs  for  propagation  of  the  Gospell 
in  the  ffoure  Northerne  Counties  whereby  Mr. 
Roger  Baldwin  is  nominated  to  ye  Rectory  and 
vicarage  of  penreth  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
Together  with  &c.  said  Roger  Baldwyn  &c.  is 
required  The  Comissionrs  for  approbation  of 
publique  preachers  doe  by  these  psents  ratify 
conferme  and  allow  him  the  said  Roger  Baldwyn 
Accordingly  to  continue  in  the  said  Rectory  and 
vicarage   as  ye  publique  preacher  there  And  to- 


Penreth 
Roger   Baldwyn. 

Roger  Baldwin 

Cert  as  aforesd 

By 

Richard  Gilpin  of 

Grestock 

Theo  Polwheele  of 

Carlile 

Tho  Cholmeley 

Tho   Craister 


1.  Vide  p.  142. 

2.  Vide  p.  420. 

3.  Penrith  Registers. 

4.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  I.  71. 


Penrith 


427 


Tho  Langhorne  receive  possesse  and  enjoy  Whatsoever  Rents 
Cuth.  Studholme  profits  and  other  Incouragemts  by  vertue  of  the 
Pet.  Norman  said  order  setled  upon  him.  In  Witnesse  &c. 
Edw.  Winter.  Dated  at  Whitehall  the  Seaventh  day  of  July 
1654.' 

About  this  time  there  was  some  attempt  to  secure  Roger 
Baldwin's  removal  to  St.  Oswald's  in  Elvet,  Durham ;  but 
it  evidently  failed.     The  following  are  the  documents  :  — 

Oswalds  in 

Elvett.  December  21.  1655. 

Whereas  the  curacy  of  the  pish  Church  of  Oswalds  in  Elvett  neere 
Durham  in  ye  County  of  Durham  is  at  pnt  destitute  of  a  minister 
And  Mr  Roger  Baldwyn  Minister  of  the  word  hath  applied  himselfe 
to  these  Trustees  for  his  Settlemt  in  ye  said  Church — Ordered  that  he 
be  setled  Minister  of  ye  said  Church  Provided  he  first  procure  ye 
Approbacon  of  publique  preachers  in  yt  behalfe. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw  Cressett  Ri  Sydenham  Jo.  Pocock  Ra  Hall.* 

Oswalds  in  Elvet.  Order  Deer 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  the  31st  day  of  27 — 55 

December  in  the  yeare  1655  There  was  exhibited  to  Roger  Baldwin 

ye  Comrs  for  approbacon  of  publ.  preachers  An  order  Cert  as  aforesd 

of  the  Trustees  for  maintenance  of  Ministers  for  ye  by 

settlement  of  Mr.  Roger  Baldwyn  in  ye  Curacy  of  the    ^ 

parish  Church  of  Oswalds  in  Elvett  Neare  Durham 
in  the  County  of  Durham  Together  &c  In  witnesse 


Hen.  Lever  of 
Branspeth 

&c.   Dated  at  Whitehall  the  second  day  of  January    John  Marsh 
1655.3  of  Houghton 

Geo.  Saunderson 
of  Gainford 
Rich.  Rowe. 
Penrith  and 
Oswald  neare 
Durham.  ffeby.  19.  1655-6. 

Ordered  that  upon  Mr.  Erbury — his  producing  Baldwin's  Resigna- 
tion of  the  pish  Church  of  Penrith  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  he 
be  settled  Minister  of  Oswald  in  the  County  of  Durham* 

Munday  Mar.  24.  1656. 
Durism — Order  ]Mr  Baldwin  there." 

1.  Lambeth  MSS. 

2.  Ibid.,  1008. 

3.  Ibid.,  996. 

4.  Ibid.,  974. 

5.  Ibid.,  1021. 


(Plund.   Min.),  997. 


428  The    Ejected    of   1662 

Oswaldes.  April  22nd  1656. 

The  Trustees  doe  appoint  to  heare  what  Mr.  Marshall  shall  offer 
against  the  Trustees  settlemt  of  Mr.  Baldwin  Minister  of  Oswaldes  in 
Durham  on  the  29th  of  Aprill  instant  and  the  Signing  of  the  said  Mr. 
Baldwin  his  ordr  of  Settlemt  is  in  the  meantyme  respited,  i 

Penrith.  June  24.    1656. 

Upon  mocon  mad  in  behalfe  of  Mr.  Roger  Baldwyn  Minr  of  the 
word  that  his  resignation  of  the  Benefice  of  Penrith  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  in  ordr  to  his  settlement  in  Oswald's  in  Elvet,  Durham 
may  be  delivered  back  again  unto  him  to  bee  cancelled  and  vacated 
that  hee  might  not  be  discharged  from  Penrith  aforesaid  in  regard 
Mr.  Holdsworth  Minr  of  Oswald  aforesaid  refuseth  to  quitt  the  said 
place  it  is  ordered  that  the  said  Resignation  bee  delivered  back 
againe  unto  the  said  Mr.  Baldwin  accordingly. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri  :  Sydenham,  Jo.  Humfrey,  Jo.  Jocock  Ri  Yongl  2 

In    the    Churchwardens'   Account    Book   we    have   the 
following  under  date  1658  :  — 

Mendinge  Mr.  Baldwins  Seate  &  a  Spade  &  the  quire  doore  Barr 
00  :  00  :  06. 

The  llestoration  led  to  his  immediate  removal,  and  in  a 
note  Calamy  says  :  — "  I  am  inf orm'd  he  was  outed  in 
Cumberland  in  60,  and  here  [Rainford,  near  St.  Helens] 
in  62."  ^  Baines  questions  the  correctness  of  this  on  the 
ground  of  a  statement  by  Bishop  Gastrell,  ^  who,  writing  of 
Hainford  Chapel,  in  1720,  says:  — 

The    originall   of    this    Trust    was    abt    20    yeares    agoe    wn    this 

Chappell  was  recovered  out  of  the  Dissenters'  hands,  who  had  been 

in  Possession  ever  since  ye  Warrs.5 

Bishop  Gastrell's  statement  is  by  no  means  decisive ;  for 
there  are  well  known  cases  of  these  Chapels  passing  into 
the  hands  of  "  Dissenters  "  long  after  "  ye  Warrs,"  and 
after  the  Ejection  period.  Respecting  Roger  Baldwin's 
subsequent  career  Calamy  gives  the  following :  — 

After  his  Ejection  he  removed  into  Lancashire.  There  he  took  a 
Farm,  for  which  he  paid  a  considerable  Fine.  Having  Three  Children 
he  took  it  for  Three  Lives,  not  putting  his  own  Life  in,  but  theirs; 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  974. 

2.  Ibid. 

3-  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  418. 

4-  Hist,  of  Lane.  (Croston's  Ed.),  vol.  5,  p.  14,  note. 
5.   Notitia  Cest.  C.  S.  (0.  S.),  vol.  21,  p.  213. 


Penrith  429 

as  not  doubting,  but  that  some  one  of  them  at  least  might  survive 
him ;  But  it  pleas'd  GOD  he  out-Iiv'd  them  all,  upon  which  he  quitted 
the  Farm,  and  would  be  no  more  concern'd  in  it.  He  at  length  fix'd 
at  Eccles  near  Manchester  in  Lancashire  where  he  Preach'd  at 
Monks-Hall  for  many  Years,  acceptably  and  profitably.  He  dy'd 
June  9,  1695  Aetat  70.  i 

To  Calamy's  account,  especially  in  relation  to  his  move- 
ments in  Lancashire,  we  are  able  to  add  considerably. 
The  farm  to  which  he  retired  appears  to  have  been  at 
Chisnall  Hall,  Coppull,  in  Standish  Parish,  adjoining 
Wrightington ;  and  he  remained  here  a  considerable  time. 
In  intimate  association  with  Henry  Newcome  the  latter 
makes  repeated  reference  to  him  in  his  Diary.  The 
following,  under  date  "  Ffriday,  Mar.  27,  1663,"  is 
particularly  interesting  :  — 

At  7  Mr.  B[aldwin]  preached  on  Rev.  xiii.     Here  is  ye  faith  and 
patience  of  ye  Sts.     A  very  seasonable  &  profitable  descourse  ^ 

The  times  were  full  of  peril  for  Nonconformists,  and 
informers  were  numerous  and  busy.  The  Bradshaigh  MS. 
gives  a  vivid  picture  of  the  extreme  nervousness  of  the 
authorities  during  the  period ;  and  among  the  names  of 
persons  searched  for  arms  and  ammunition  Aug.  17,  1665, 
is  that  of  "  Mr.  Baldwin,  a  Minister  at  Chisnall."  ^ 

Messrs  Nicholson  and  Axon  write  :  — 

On  Sunday  October  29  1671  a  religious  meeting  attended  by  "  three 
score  at  least "  was  held  at  the  house  of  Robert  Digles,  Manchester, 
"  when  and  where  a  sermon  or  discourse  was  made  unto  them  by 
one  Roger  Baldwin  of  Chesnall  Hall,  a  nonconformist  minister." 
Informers  brought  the  meeting  to  the  notice  oT  Nicholas  Mosley  Esq. 
the  most  active  persecutor  of  the  nonconformists  in  the  Manchester 
district,  and  the  members  of  the  Congregation  were  duly  fined  5s  each 
"  in  pursuance  of  an  Act  21  C.  II  to  prevent  and  suppresse  seditious 
Conventicles."  Roger  Baldwin  as  preacher  should  have  been  fined 
£20,  "  but  hee  being  gone  and  liveinge  remote  of  and  as  I  am 
informed,"  writes  ^Ir.  Mosley,  "being  a  very  poore  man  and  in  noe 
wise  able  to  pay  the  same  I  have  therefore  imposed  the  Same  twenty 

1-  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  153. 

2-  Newcome's  Diary,  C.  S.  (O.  S.),  vol.  18,  p.  171  :  vide  also  his 
Autobiography,  vols.  26  and  27. 

3.  The  Letter  Book  of  Sir  Roger  Bradshaigh  of  Haigh,  Lane. 


430  The    Ejected   of   1662 

pounds "  on  Caleb  Broadhead  and  two  others  of  the  Congregation. 
The  fines  of  the  wife  of  Roger  BaldAvin  and  others  who  were  "very 
poore"  were  also  ordered  to  be  paid  by  those  better  off.  (Manchester 
Sessions  MS.,   p.   245,    in  Reference  Library,    Manchester.)  ' 

On  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  in  1672,  he  took  out  a 
general  License,  on  July  25  of  that  year,  being  described 
as  "  Roger  Baldwin  of  Copall,  Lancashire " ;  and  on 
Sept.  6  following  he  licensed  his  house  at  Standish  for 
"  Presbyterian  "  worship. ^  At  an  earlier  date  still,  before 
April  2,  his  son,  William  Baldwin,  had  made  application 
for  a  License  for  himself,  which  was  granted  the  following 
month :  — 

License  to  William  Baldwin  of  Chisnull,  Laaicashire  to  be  a  Grail 
Pr:  Teacher  1  May  72.3 

This  was  duplicated  the  following  day.* 

It  would  appear  that  Roger  Bradshaigh  was  kindly 
disposed  towards  Roger  Baldwin,  and  that  after  the  with- 
drawal of  the  Indulgence  Declaration,  in  1673,  he  was 
prepared  to  connive  at  his  preaching  as  long  as  possible. 
The  following  from  his  MS.  Letter  Book  is  evidence,  and 
it  illustrates  the  point  referred  to  frequently,  that  local 
feeling  had  much  to  do  with  the  form  assumed  by  events 
in  particular  districts  :  — 

The  Copy  of  what  I  writ  under  Doctor  Bridock's  Ire  [letter]  to 
Person  Baldwin  to  desist  Conventicling  Aprill  the  24th  1674. 

Sr  Since  Mr.  Deane  of  Salisbury  hath  taken  notice  of  your 
Unlawful!  meeting  and  Preachinge  at  Copull  Chapell  I  must  looke 
upon  it  as  an  informacon  &  Consequently  pceede  against  you  wich  I 
shall  bee  unwilling  to  doe ;  if  I  may  be  encouraged  to  beleve  yt  you 
will  desist,  for  I  doe  not  know  any  power  can  awarrant  you  agst.  ye 
knowne  Lawes  :  Soe  upon  confidence  you  will  give  me  noe  other 
occacon  I  shall  Remain 

Aprill  the  24th  Yor  loveing  freind 

1674.  Roger  Bradshaigh. 

1.  From  an  interesting  account  of  Roger  Baldwin  from  the  pen  of 
Mr.  Francis  Nicholson,  F.Z.S.,  who  claims  descent  from  Baldwin,  and 
that  of  Mr.  E.  Axon  in  "  The  Penrith  Observer,"  of  August  3,  1909. 

2.  Cal.  S  .P.  for  1672,  pp.  400  :  579. 
3    S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  321,  No.  67. 
4.  Ibid.,  No.  70. 


Penrith  43 1 

In  1683  he  was  again  in  trouble,  probably  due  to  the 
more  rigorous  measures  which  followed  upon  the  discovery 
of  the  Rye  House  Plot.  The  "  Farrington  Papers " 
record  the  Earl  of  Derby's  instructions  to  MajorFarrington, 
under  date  July  19,  1683,  "  to  seize  &  secure  for  his 
Matyes  Service,  all  armes  of  warre  and  offence  "  to  be 
found  in  the  "  custody  and  possession  "  among  others  of 

Baldwin,     of     Wrightington,     a     Nonconformist 

preacher."  ^ 

Some  time  before  1689  he  removed  to  Eccles.  The  Kenyon 
MSS.  under  that  date,  give  among  "  Presbiterian 
parsons  and  theyr  meeting  places "  certified :  "  Roger 
Baldwin — Mr.  Roger's  barne  in  Maunton  in  Eccles 
parish."  2  The  present  Unitarian  foundation  at  Monton, 
Eccles,  is  in  continuity  with  the  Monks  Hall  congregation, 
to  which  Roger  Baldwin  ministered  until  his  death.  The 
following  testimonies  show  the  regard  in  which  he  was 
held:  — 

Calamy  says :  — 

He  was  a  solid  Scriptural  Preacher.  A  Judicious  Divine,  one  of 
good  Parts,  and  an  agreeable  Temper.  He  was  one  of  the  Monday 
Lecturers  at  Bolton.' 

Matthew  Henry  was  deeply  affected  by  the  death  of  "  the 
Reverend  and  learned  Roger  Baldwin  of  Eccles  "  * ;  and 
Henry  Newcome  of  Manchester  notes  in  his  "Autobio- 
graphy "  his  "  sudden  death  of  a  diabetes."  He  preached  his 
funeral  sermon  June  14th,  1695,  on  Matt.  24,  25,  &c.^ 
Oliver  Heywood,  in  a  letter  to  Dr.  Sampson,  dated  Nov.  7, 
1698,  referring  to  the  recent  death  of  prominent  Noncon- 
formists, says : — 

But  these  four  my  intimate  friends  go  to  my  heart,  who  all  died 
in  a  year  :  viz  Mr.  Roger  Baldwin  of  Eccles,  buried  at  Manchester, 

1.  C.  S.  (0.  S.),  vol.  39,  p.  176. 

2.  H.M.C.,  Fourteenth  Report,  Appendix,  part  iv,  p.  232. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   153. 

4.  Memoirs  of  Matthew  Henry,  by  Williams,  p.  257. 

5.  Autobiography,  &c.,  C.  S.  (0.  S.),  vol.  27,  p.  284. 


432  The   Ejected   of   1662 

June  8.  1695 ;  Mr.  Henry  Pendlebury  of  Eochdale,  buried  at  Bury, 
June  20 ;  Mr  Henry  Newcome,  buried  in  his  New  Chapel  at  Man- 
chester, Sept.  20.  1695;  Mr.  Robert  Seddon  of  Bolton,  buried  at 
Ringley,  March  24.  1695-6.' 

In  another  letter,  the  last  he  wrote  to  Thoresby,  dated 
Jan.  18,  1701-2,  he  says  :  — 

Mr.     Baldwin,     Mr.     Pendlebury,     Mr.    Newcome,     Mr.     Seddon, 

all  ancient,  eminent  ministers,  died  in  one  year's  time  which  made  a 

great  breach  in  that  Salford  hundred.^ 

An  Administration  Bond  with  Inventory  for  Roger 
Baldwin  of  Eccles  was  filed  at  Chester  in  1695.  His 
nephew,  Thomas  Baldwin,  a  Clergyman  in  Liverpool, 
became  Yicar  of  Leyland  early  in  the  18th  Century, 
acquiring  also  the  Advowson,  and  descendants  have  held 
the  living  until  to  day. 

Simon  Webster,  1661 — 1663. 

He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Webster  of  Bedale,  entering 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1647,  from  Sedbergh 
School,  being  then  17  years  of  age .3  He  was  instituted  to 
Penrith,  Sept.  28,  1661,  on  a  Presentation  by  the  King, 
having  previously  been  at  Brougham;  and  he  held  the 
living  at  Dufton  along  with  Penrith.*  Under  date  1662, 
the  Registers  have  the  following  :  — 

Aug.  The  24th  day  being  St.  Bartholomew  day  was  ye  Declaration 
contained  in  ye  Act  for  uniformitie  together  with  the  Certificate  read 
in  the  Church  in  time  of  Divine  Service  by  Mr.  Simon  Webster 
vicar. 

A  daughter,  Elizabeth,  was  baptized  "June  the  16th, 
1664,"  though  he  appears  to  have  resigned  his  Penrith 
living  in  1663. 

Robert  Fistier,  B.A.,  1664-1665. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Feb.  1, 1662-3 ;  and  Priest  Sept. 
20,  1663,  being  collated  Feb.  26,  1663-4.5  He  died  in 
1665. 

1.  Thoresby's  Letters,  vol.  i,  p.  339. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  404. 

3-  Sedbergh  School  Register,  p.  81. 

4.  Vide  p.  1155,  vide  also  Institution  Books  and  Episcopal  Register. 

5.  Episcopal  Register. 


Penrith 


433 


Charles  Carter,  M.A.,  1665 — 1667. 

He  was  collated  Sept.  8,  1665,  and  ceded  for  "  Marcham 
als  Maryn  in  le  ffen  "  in  Lincolnshire  Feby.  11,   1666/7. 

Marius  D'Assigxy,  B.D.,  1667. 

He  was  collated  jN^ov.  9,  1667,  on  tlie  cession  of  Charles 
Carter,  and  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  the  year 
following.  He  was  the  son  of  Peter  D'Assigny,  the 
French  Protestant  Minister  at  Norwich ;  took  orders  in  the 
Church;  and  obtained  his  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Divinity 
in  June,  1668,  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Marius  Trusty  and  well  beloved  Having  received  good 

D'Assigny  Testimony  of  ye  Sobriety  &  orthodox  Learning 

Batchellr  of  Marius  D'Assigny  &  that  by  his  long 

in  Divinity.       &  painfull  Studies  in  Foreigne  Universities 
he  hath  rendred  himselfe  capable  of  Our 
Princely  encouragement  Wee  have  upon  humble  suit 
made  to  Us  in  his  favr  &  out  of  ye  Gracious  care  Wee  have 
for  ye  encouragemg  learning  &  vertue  &  more 
pticularly  in  one  who  hath  Soe  well  acquitted  himselfe  of  ye 
Charge  entrusted  to  him  as  Chaplaine  to  our  Forces 
in  Tanger  thought  fitt  hereby  to  recomend  him 
to  you  for  ye  Degree  of  Batchellr  in  Divinity  in 
yt  Ouer  University  willing  &  requireing  you 
forthwith  upon  sight  hereof  all  dispensacons 
required  being  first  granted  to  conferre  on  him 
ye  said  ^Marius  D'Assigny  ye  sd  Degree 
of  Batchellr  in  Divinity  any  law  Statute 
Custome  Ordne  or  Constitucon  of  yt  Our 
University  to  ye  contrary  notwithstanding.     And 
Soe  Wee  bid  yo  farewell. 
June  5  1668. 

By  order 

Arlington.' 
To  Cambridge. 
Marius  D'Assigny  was  a  considerable  writer ;  in  particular, 
did  he  use  his  pen  vigorously  against  the   Anabaptists. 
The  following   is  the  title   of  one   of   his   works  :  — "  An 
Antidote  against  the  pernicious  Errors  of  the  Anabaptists 
or  of  the  Dipping  Sect."     He  was  the  Author  also  of  a 
"  History  of  the  Earls  and  Earldom  of  Flanders,  from  its 
first  Establishment  and  the  death  of  King  Charles  II.  of 
1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Entry  Book,  vol.  19,  1664-9. 


A  C 


434  The    Ejected    of  1662 

Spain,  with  General  Survey  of  Flanders."  In  1672  he 
componnded  for  his  First  Fruits  at  Cutcombe,  Somerset. 
He  died  in  1717,  and  in  the  Woodham  Walter  Church, 
Essex,  is  the  following  inscription  :  - — "  Here  lieth  the  body 
of  the  Rev.  Mar  jus  D'Assigny,  B.D;,  who  died  Nov.  14, 
1717,  aged  74."  i 

Joshua  Bunting,  M.A.,  1668. 

He  was  inducted  "  the  xix  day  of  March  anno  Dom. 
1668,"  by  "  Mr.  Rowland  Burrow,  Parson  of  Clifton."  He 
*'  did  read  ye  39  Articles  together  with  his  assent  and 
consent  to  all  and  everything  "  contained  in  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer, 2  on  the  21st  of  March  following;  but  he 
remained  only  one  year. 

John  Child,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1669/70—1694/5. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Rainbow  Jan.  18,  69/70,  on 
the  cession  of  Joshua  Bunting,  and  inducted  two  days 
afterwards.  Foster  has  the  following  in  reference  to  him; 
''  Fellow  of  Magdalen  Coll.  Cambridge ;  B.A.  1667,  M.A. 
1671  (incorp.  11  June,  1671),  B.D.  1678,  perhaps  rector 
of  Warkworth,  Northumberland,  1660-7,  vicar  of  Penrith 
Cumberland,  1670-94,  and  of  Bromfield,  Cumberland, 
1681-92."  3  He  buried  his  wife,  Mary,  Jan.  28,  1677-8, 
and  his  own  burial  entry  reads  thus  :  — 

1694-5  January  10th  Mr.  John  Child  vicar  of  Penreth  was  buried 
An  Affidavit  &  Certificate  came  the  16th  day. 

He  signed  for  the  King's  touch,  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Memorandum  that  I  certified  for  Isaac  Threlkeld  to  get  the  king's 
touch  under  my  hand  and  seal  the  25th  of  Aprill  Anno  Regni  Jacobi 
Secundi  tertio  Annoque  Dom.  1687.4 

The  writing  here  is  John  Child's,  though  his  name  is  not 
given.  In  his  day  Nonconformists  in  Penrith  appear  to 
have  been  numerous,  and  active  measures  were  instituted 
against  them.  The  following  illustrates  the  working  of 
the  Uniformity  and  other  repressive  Acts  about  this  time  : 

1.  Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.,  vol.  xiv,  p.  89. 

2.  Parish  Registers. 

3.  Al.  Ox.  ;   also  under  Bromfield,  p.  641. 
4-   Parish  Registers. 


Penrith  435 

Upon  Sonday   the  16th   day  of   May    1669   These  whose   names   is 
under  written  was  Excommunicate. 

Thomas  Langhorne  Aliciam  eius 

uxor  Eobertu  Wilson  Annam 

Eius  uxor  Thomam  henderson 

Johanem  Washington  * 

Johnem  Milner  ]Margret  eius 

uxor  Willmu  Cookson 

Henr  Cookson  Jacobum  Colleson 

Margrat  Eius  uxor  Tho  Middleton 

Mariam  eius  uxor  Edwardu 

Danison  Johanem  Hewetson 

Robertu  Dawson  Geo  Cocke 

Robertu  Benson  Ellenorem 

eius  uxor  Annam  Raper 

Eleatham  Smith  ffrancesse  ( ?) 

Edwardi  Danison  Tho  Carleton 

uxor  eius  Mariam  Gille  (?) 

Margret  Mawson  Mariam 

Danison  et  Annam  Ranem. 

Upon  Sonday  the  20th  of  June  69  these  were  cited  : — 
Tho.  Langhorne,  marcater 
Jo.  Washington 
Robt.  Wilson 
Tho  Henderson 
Tho  Middleton 
John  Holme 
Wm  Cookson 
George  Cocke 
Robert  Benson 
Jo.  Hewetson 
Jacobm  Taylor.* 

Bishop  Nicolson's  Diary  also  of  a  few  years  later  is  an 
interesting  sidelight  upon  the  matter.  The  following 
items  are  extracted  from  it :  — 

1684  Aug.   31.     Reed,   a  Query  pro  Mr.   Child  about  Preaching  at 

ye   Funeral   of   Mrs.  Langhorne,    who   had   been   some  years   excom- 
municate.2 

Nov.  11.     The  Ch[ancellor]  and  I  held  our  first  Court  of   Correc- 
tions at  Penrith ;   where  we  deliver'd  an  Admonition  to  Some  of  ye 

1-   Parish  Registers. 

■2.   Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  i,  p.  16. 


436  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Clergymen  of  yt  Deanery  o  [not]  to  frequent  Markets.     Langhorn  &c 
promised  to  attend  Sacraments  &  Dismiss'd.  i 

Dec.  9.  I  wrote  to  ye  Ch  :  at  Penrith  to  respite  Excommunica- 
tion. 2 

Alexander  Farington,  B.A.,  1695 — 1699. 

He  was  collated  Jan.  11,  1694r-5.  Foster  says  that  lie 
was  the  son  of  Lawrence  Farington  of  Preston,  matric. 
Brasenose  Coll.  Oxford,  15  July,  1676,  aged  16,  and 
graduated  B.A.  1680.  ^  Doubtless  the  person  who  obtained 
a  faculty  for  exercising  the  office  of  "Ludimagister"  in  the 
Kendal  Free  Grammar  School,  May  21,  1681,  and  who 
certainly  was  there  in  1691.  His  burial  entry  is  as 
follows  :  — 

1699  May  2.  Mr.  Alexander  ffarington  Vicar  of  Penrith  was 
buried.  4 

Hugh  Todd,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1699—1728. 

A  native  of  Blencow,  near  Penrith,  educated  at  Queen's 
Coll.  matric.  entry  29  March,  1672,  aged  14 ;  B.A.  1677 ; 
Fellow  of  University  Coll.  1678;  M.A.  1679;  B.D.  and  D.D. 
1692;  Yicar  of  Kirkland  1684;  Canon  of  Carlisle  1685; 
Vicar  of  Stanwix  1685  :  collated  Yicar  of  Penrith  July  19, 
1699,  and  Rector  of  Arthuret  1688. ^  The  Fleming  MSS. 
have  the  following  interesting  reference  to  him :  — 

January  20.   1680/1. 

Given  unto  my  nephew  Bowes,  his  man  for  triming  of  me  at 
Hutton  this  day,  my  niece  Catherine  Fletcher  being  married  by 
young  Mr.  Todd  in  Hutton  Church  unto  Lyonel  Vane  of  Long 
Newton  Esq.  00  :  02  :  00.  6 

Dr.  Todd  was  a  remarkable  man,  somewhat  of  a  free  lance, 
often  in  controversy,  and  he  gave  his  ecclesiastical  superiors 
no  little  trouble.     Quite  early  in  his  career  these  qualities 

1.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  i,  p.   19. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  21. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Penrith  Registers. 

5.  Foster's  Al.  Ox. 

6.  Fleming  MSS.,  H.  M.  C,  Twelfth  Report,  p.  395. 


Penrith  437 

began  to  appear.  Young  Fleming,  writing  from  Oxford 
to  his  father,  June  12,  1686,  says  that  a  report  was  in 
circulation  there  "  of  Mr.  Todd's  inclining  to  Popery  in 
several  sermons  in  the  country,  and  that  the  Bishop  has 
rebuked  him  for  it."  ^  As  previously  intimated,  between 
Bishop  Nicolson  and  himself  the  relations  were  often 
seriously  strained. ^  He  was  a  keen  antiquarian  and 
diligent  gleaner  in  the  byways  of  ecclesiastical  history. 
He  left  a  mass  of  MS.  material  at  his  death,  mainly  relating 
to  ecclesiastical  affairs  in  his  native  County,  and  he  is  the 
authority  upon  whom  local  ecclesiastical  writers  have  been 
in  the  habit  of  leaning.  The  value  of  his  works,  however,  is 
very  greatly  diminished  by  his  strong  ecclesiastical  bias ; 
and  he  was  often  singularly  careless  about  his  facts  and 
dates.  It  has  already  been  stated  that  he  gave  considerable 
assistance  to  Walker.^  Like  many  others,  he  enjoyed  the 
friendship  of  Sir  Joseph  Williamson,  and  like  many  others 
he  indulged  in  not  a  little  flattery  of  his  friend.  The 
following  Latin  poem  in  praise  of  him  is  from  his  pen  :  — 

Amplissimo  Viro  Do  Jos.  Williamson  Equiti  Aurato  Supremis 
Angliae  Comitjs  Senator!,  Intimo  Sacrae  Majestatis  Regiae  a  Secretis, 
nee  non  Archivorum. 

Regis  Custodi  fidissimo. 

'EvSat/iovetv. 
Regalem  jactat  Te  Sospite  Mater  Alumnum,  Thespiadesq  Deae,  turba 
officiosa  novata  Laude  colunt  reducem  Quas  tu  facis  esse  beatas. 
Numine  cum  fausto  peregrinas  viseras  oras  Barbara  faelices  laudat 
gens  quaeq  Britannos ;  Et  Regem  tremefacta  piu  cum  fortis  honore 
Legatus  tanto  valuit,  perterrita  pacem  Obtulit,  et  nostro  laetatur 
victa  triumpho.  Aeque  Vestra  patent  ac  Phoebi  munera ;  mundus 
Scena  Tuae  pietatis,  erat  gens  Belgica  laeta  Nosse  virum  quo  nos 
fruimur  gremioq  fovemus  Tu  decus  omne  Tuis,  Suadent  Tua  plurima 
dona  Officium,  et  Monstrant  laudes  regalia  tecta  Hospite  Te  digna, 
hinc  volucris  per  Sydera  fama  Evolat,  et  noscunt  Superi  Tua  numina 
Divi ;  Praemia  nunc,   Musae   deponite   vestra,   colamus. 

Hugo  Todd.  4 

1.  Fleming  MSS.,  H.  M.  C,  Twelfth  Report,  p.  200. 

2.  Vide  under  Great  Salkeid,  p.  380. 

3.  Vide  p.  367. 

4.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  361,  p.  61. 


438  The   Ejected   of  1662 

His   father   was  Thomas    Todd    of   Hutton-in-the-Forest. 
Hugh  Todd  died  in  1728.  ^ 

The  earlier  Registers,  in  particular,  contain  many 
interesting  entries  which  throw  strong  light  upon  the 
unsettled  condition  of  these  border  lands  in  those  days. 
One  or  two  samples  will  suffice  :  — 

1601  March  18th  The  night  last  was  Branton  and  Gillisland 
spoiled  by  Scotts  thiefs  and  their  goods  taken  with  prisoners.  This 
tyme  was  great  spoiling  and  robing  in  this  Conntrie,  especiallie  in 
Cumberland,  burning  in  Gillisland  and  other  places. 

1601  March  23rd  daye  at  night  was  Richard  Wood  of  Plunton 
spoiled  by  thiefs  and  he  taken  prisoner  into  Scotland. 

Do.  This  tyme  such  watching  in  Penreth  on  the  night  as  was  not  a 
hundreth  yeres  before  fiftie  watchers  neightlie. 

A  Register  of  Roages  and  Sturdy  beggars  taken  wandering  Contrary 
to  Statute  in  that  Case  p'vided  &  punished  by  the  Constable  of 
penreth  since  Novbr  27.  1608.     [names  given  in  the  Registers.^ 

1.  Vide  pp.  197,  &c.  :  vide  also  Wood's  "  Athense  "  together  with  the 
County  Histories,  all  of  which  give  lengthy  notices  of  him. 


II.     EDENHALL. 

About  four  miles  north  east  of  Penrith  and  three 
quarters  of  a  mile  from  the  village  of  Langwathby,  is 
Edenhall,  the  seat  of  the  Musgrave  family  for  many 
generations.  The  Church,  a  very  ancient  foundation,  is 
beautifully  situated,  being  literally  in  Edenhall  Park. 
It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert,  and  its  Registers  begin  in 
April,  1558.  The  oldest  volume  is  bound  in  two  leaves 
of  an  ancient  illuminated  missal,  the  writing  being  quite 
good,  even  in  the  earlier  entries.  A  few  leaves  are 
slightly  faded  and  the  edges  worn  away  and  broken.  The 
Historians  are  singularly  disappointing  here,  a  large  gap 
occurring  in  the  list  of  Incumbents  at  the  critical  period. 
The  Registers,  however,  assist  considerably.  The 
following  is  the  list :  — 

Alan  Scott,  M.A.,  1565 — 1578. 

He  was  educated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  graduating 
B.A.  5  July,  1554;  and  M.A.  6  July,  1556.  He  became 
Fellow  in  1559  and  Provost  jS^ov.  22  of  the  same  year; 
Vicar  of  Edenhall  1565-75 ;  Rector  of  Bletchingdon,  Oxon, 
1571;  and  his  Will  was  proved  at  Oxford  27  July,  1578. 
So  writes  Foster/  but  the  date  1575  should  be  1578,  and  it 
would  appear  that  Scott  was  a  Pluralist.  The  Registers 
note  his  burial  thus  :  — 

1578  The  xij  Julij  Mr.  Allan  Scott  vicker  of  Edenhall  was  buryed. 

Thomas  Scott,  1578—1580. 

Probably  the  following  from  Foster  refers  to  this  person  : 
"  Scholar  Queen's  Coll.  from  Cumberland.  B.A.  March, 
1553-4;  fellow  Trinity  Coll.  1555;  M.A.  8  July,  1556; 
proctor  1560;  vicar  of  Sowerby,  Cumberland  1571."  ^  The 
Registers  record  his  burial  thus  :  — 

1580  Inprimis  xxx  Maij  Sr  Tho.  Scott  Priest  (?)  was  buryed. 
Possibly  he  was  a  connection  of  his  predecessor 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ibid 


440  The   Ejected   of  1662 

William  Smith,  1580—1609. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  find  no  place  in  their  list  for  Ttomas 
Scott,  and  put  William  Smith  immediately  after  Alan 
Scott.  Foster  has  quite  a  number  of  persons  of  this  name 
in  his  Oxford  Alumni,  but  he  does  not  identify  any  one 
with  the  Edenhall  Yicar.  His  marriage  is  thus  recorded 
in  the  Registers  :  — 

1580  Item  viij.   Decembr  Willm  Smith  Vicker  of  Ed[enhall  is  torn 
off]  &  Elizabeth  Walker  were  weded. 

His  burial  entry  is  also  given  :  — 

The   first  day  of  Maye  was   Sir   Willm   Smith   viccar   of   edenhall 
buried  anno  dni  1609. 

Thomas  Maplett,  M.A.,  1609—. 

He  was  instituted  Oct,  6,  1609 ;  but  !N^icolson  and  Bum 
give  no  information  concerning  him  beyond  stating  that 
he  was  presented  this  year  by  **  Sir  Christopher  Parking, 
knight  dean  and  the  chapter  of  Carlisle."  Their  next 
name  is  that  of  Gilbert  Burton  presented  in  1669  "  upon 
the  death  of  Simon  Green."  ^  We  shall  find,  however,  as 
we  proceed,  that  much  happened  before  the  advent  of 
Gilbert  Burton.  Possibly  Henry  Maplett,  M.A.,  of 
Queen's  Coll.,  Oxford,  who  is  described  as  "of  Cumberland 
Cler.  fil."  was  Thomas  Maplett's  son  ;2  and  Anne,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Maplett  of  Little  Salkeld,  who  married  Chris- 
topher Bichmond  at  Addingham,  July  6,  1611,  was 
his  daughter.     She  was  buried  at  Dalston,  May  26,  1612.^ 

Simon  Greene,  1624— 1650  (?). 

He  was  instituted  July  28,  1624,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle.  The  first  reference  to 
him  in  the  Registers  is  in  the  record  of  the  baptism  of 
"  Lennard  the  sonne  of  Simon  Greene  clerck,"  Sep.  8, 
1625.  Leonard  afterwards  went  to  Queen's  Coll.,  Oxford, 
matriculating  there  on  April  29,  1642.  Several  other 
baptismal  entries  appear  of  the  children  of  "  Mr.  Symond 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  413. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  The  Richmonds  of  Hayton  Castle,  by  Jackson. 


Edenhall  44 1 

Greene  vicar  of  Ednall  and  Anne  his  wief " ;  and  the 
following  burial  entry  occurs :  — 

The  29  of  Maie  Symond  Greene  the  sonne  of  Mr.  Symond  Greene 
viccar  of  Edenhall  was  buried  1644. 

Similarly :  — 

1650  The  3rd  day  of  May  Isbell  Greene  the  Daughter  of  

vickar  of  Edhall  was  Buried. 

The  Commonwealth  Survey  of  1649  gives  "  Simon  Greene 
as  Present  Incumbent  of  Edenhall."  ^  It  would  appear 
that  Simon  Greene  was  sequestered  shortly  after  this, 
though  Walker  does  not  mention  him  in  his  list. 

John  Macmillan,  1652— 1658  (  ?). 

There  is  a  little  uncertainty  as  to  the  dates.  His  name 
is  in  no  hitherto  published  list;  and  it  would  seem 
that  previously  he  had  had  some  sort  of  connection  with 
Cockermouth.  William  Lampit,  writing  in  1650,  refers 
to  him  in  not  very  complimentary  terms. ^  Unfortunately 
he  does  not,  as  in  other  cases,  supply  the  name  of  the  place 
where  he  was  stationed  at  the  time ;  he  merely  says  :  — 
"  Mr.  Jo.  Mackmillan,  a  Scot  who  had  an  adulterous 
Bastard  in  the  highest  degree  and  was  deposed  for  it  in 
Scotland."  ^  His  appointment  by  the  Parliamentary 
Commissioners  is  given  as  follows :  — 

Newcastle 

upon  Tine.  By  ye  Comrs  ye  3rd  day  of  November  1652. 

Edenhall  and 

Langwathby. 

Whereas  Mr.  John  Macmillian  being  recomended  for  a  godly  and 
painfull  Preacher  &  of  able  guifts  &  Knowledg  for  ye  work  of  ye 
Ministerie  &  of  approved  Conversacon  for  piety  hath  come  before  us 
&  upon  triall  &  examinacon  of  his  Guifts  by  divers  godly  Ministers 
according  to  the  direcon  of  ye  Parliamt  is  found  fitt  to  preach  ye 
Gospell  of  Jesus  Christ  and  to  be  duly  qualified  and  guifted  for  ye 
holy  Employmt  These  are  therefore  by  vertue  of  ye  power  &  authority 
to  us  given  by  ye  Parliamt  to  appoint  ye  said  Mr.  John  Mackmillion 
to  prea<:h  at  Edenhall  &  Langwathby  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  &  to 
be  Itinerant  in  those  places  And  for  his  support  &  Maintennce  It  is 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Surveys,  vol.  ii. 

2.  Vide  p.   623. 

3.  Vide  p.  684. 


442 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


hereby  appointed  and  ordered  yt  ye  Rectorie  &  Vicaridge  of  Edenhall 
&  ye  Vicaridg  of  Langwathby  with  all  gleab  lands  houses  Tithes  Rents 
&  other  pfitts  to  ye  same  belonging  to  be  vested  &  settled  upon  ye  said 
Mr.  John  Mackmillion  &  he  is  hereby  invested  in  ye  same  and  as 
lawfully  seised  thereof  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  if  he  had  been 
instituted  &  inducted  according  to  any  former  Course  of  Law. 

Tho.  Cholmly,  Tho.  Craister,  Cuth.  Studholme,  H.  Vane,  John 
Ogle,  Geo.  Dawson,  Will.  Vane,  Jo.  Levering,  Hen.  Horsley,  Rob. 
Hutton,  Tho.  Langhorne,  Lu.  Rillingworth. ' 

The  following  deal  with  his  Augmentation  and  stipend  r 

Edenhall 


Langwathby. 

The  lik.  for  Mr.  John  Mackmillayne  of  Edenhall  &  Langwathby  ini 
Com.  Cumberland  Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  fth  day  of  Octo  Anno  1654. 

Jo.   Nye  Regr.^ 
Langwathby 

&  July  9  1655. 

Edenhall. 

Whereas  ye  Comrs  for  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in  ye  fower  Northerne- 
Counties  having  by  their  ordr  of  ye  3d  of  November  1652  Setled  Mr. 
John  Mackmillion  Minister  of  Edenhall  &  Langwathby  in  ye  County 
of  Cumberland  did  therby  likewise  Grant  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Mack- 
million ye  pfitts  of  ye  Rectorie  of  ye  said  Church  charged  with  ye 
yearely  rent  of  Nine  poundes  out  of  ye  said  Rectory  of  Langwathby  & 
three  poundes  eight  Shillinges  &  fower  pence  out  of  ye  said  Rectory 
of  Edenhall  ye  said  Rectories  after  ye  said  Deduccons  made  as  afore- 
said not  exceeding  togeather  with  ye  vicarage  thereof  Ninety  poundes 
a  yeare  It  is  therefore  ordered  yt  ye  Rents  &  pfitts  of  ye  said 
Rectories  of  Langwathby  &  Edenhall  (ye  said  severall  Rents  of  Nine 
poundes.  And  3li  8s  4d  being  deducted  as  aforesaid)  be  from  time  to- 
time  paid  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Mackmillion  (approved  &c.)  &  yt  ye  same 
be  continued  unto  him  so  long  as  he  shall  continue  to  discharge  ye 
duty  of  ye  Minister  of  ye  said  places  or  further  order  of  these 
Trustees  to  be  accompted  from  ye  time  of  his  last  receipt  And  Mr. 
Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr  is  hereby  appointed  and  authorized  to  pay 
ye  same  unto  him  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood.  Ri.  Sydenham  Edw.  Hopkins  Jo.  Pocock  Ri  Yong.* 

No  Macmillan  entries  have  been  discovered  in  the 
Registers.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Cumberland 
Association,    "  John    Makmillane    Pastor   at    Odenhall,"" 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  1006. 

2.  Ibid.,  968. 

3.  Ihid.,  972. 


Edenhall  443 

being  one  of  the  signatories  of  the  letter  to  Richard  Baxter 
in  reference  to  the  Worcestershire  Agreement,  dated  Sept. 
1,  1653.^  He  certainly  remained  at  Edenhall  until  1657, 
after  which  he  disappears  entirely.  From  this  date 
onward  for  the  next  half  dozen  years  events  are  difficult  to 
interpret.  The  ministerial  changes  were  frequent,  and 
precisely  their  significance  is  not  clear, 

Thomas  Denton,  B.A.,  1658. 

This  is   an   entirely  new   name,    but  the   admission   of 
Thomas  Denton  to  the  living  is  given  in  the  following  :  — 

Eadenel  &  Mr.  Thomas  Denton — Admitted  the  7th  day  of  ilay  1658 

Langonby  to  ye  R.  of  Eadnel  &  Langonby  in  the  County  of  Cumber- 
in  ye  County  land  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited  the  21st  dayof  Aprill  from  his 
Cumberland.    Highnes  the  Lord  Protector  under  his  Seal  Manuall. 

And  Certificates  from  Tho.  Barlow  Tho  Lamplugh  Ri 
Rawlinson  Tho.  Tullie.- 

His  stay  could  not  have  been  long;  and,  though  the 
Presentation  is  said  to  be  from  "  his  Highnes  the  Lord 
Protector,"  appearances  suggest  his  Sequestration,  the 
"  Ejectment "  of  the  last  Incumbent  being  responsible 
for  the  vacancy  which  Jeremiah  Marsden  was  appointed  to 
fill.  It  is  curious  to  note  that  no  ministerial  name  appears 
among  those  supplying  Certificates.  He  was  probably  one 
of  theDentonsof  Warnell  Denton,  near  Sebergham;  and  it 
may  be  that  his  appointment  was  due  to  the  influence  of 
Sir  Philip  Musgrave,  under  the  shadow  of  whose  mansion 
the  Church  stood.  He  had  previously  been  at  Brigham 
for  a  short  time,  and  we  meet  with  him  again  after  the 
Restoration.^ 

Jeremiah  Marsden,  1658. 

The  authority  for  this,  also  an  entirely  new  name,  are 
the  following  documents  :  — 

Fryday  25  February  1658. 
Edenhall  prsent  Mr.   Jeremiah  Marsden.4 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.   164. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  999. 

3.  Vide  pp.  446,  753. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  1003. 


444     '  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Edenhall. 

To  ye  Comrs.  &c.  the  true  and  undoubted  Patrons  of  ye  vicarage  of 
ye  parish  Church  of  Edenhall  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  now 
become  voyd  by  ye  Ejeccon  of  ye  last  Incumbent  or  &c.  Have 
nominated  &  psented  &  by  these  psents  doe  nominate  &  psent 
Jeremiah  Marsden  Minister  of  ye  word  to  ye  sd  vicarage  &  desire  &c. 
in  alijs  p.  ut.  Given  &c.  the  ffive  &  twentieth  day  of  ffebruary  &c.  1658. 

Jo.  Thorowgood.  Ka  Hall  Jo.  Pocock  Ri.  Sydenham  Richard  Yong.' 
Edenhall  in 
Cumberland. 

Jeremiah  Marsden  CI.  admitted  the  11th  day  of  March  1658  to  the 
V.  of  Edenhall  in  ye  County  of  Cumb'land  Upon  a  pres  :  exhibited 
the  9th  day  of  the  same  moneth  from  the  Trustees  for  maintenance  of 
Ministers  And  Certificates  from  Tho.  Crayster  Cuth.  Studholme,  Tho. 
Sewell  ffrancis  Higginson,  Comfort  Starre.2 

Jeremiah  Marsden  moved  much  about,  and  his  stay  here 
must  have  been  brief.  A  full  account  of  him  appears 
under  Kendal.  ^ 

Edward  Williamson,  1659. 

The  authority  for  this,  another  quite  new  name,  is  the 
following  :  — 
Edenhall. 

To  all  whom  it  may  concerne  Wee  Sr  John  Thorowgood  of 
Kensington  Knight  &c  the  true  and  undoubted  Patrons  of  ye 
Vicarage  of  ye  parish  Church  of  Edenhall  in  the  County  of  Cumber- 
land now  become  void  by  the  relinquishmt  of  the  last  Incumbt  or  by 
any  other  wayes  howsoever  Have  nominated  &  psented  and  by  these 
psents  doe  nominate  &  psent  Edward  Williamson  Ministr  of  the  word 
to  the  said  vicarage  Desiring  &c.  Given  undr  or  handes  &  Seales  ye 
23rd  day  of  Decembr  in  ye  yeare  according  to  ye  Computacon  used  in 
England  1659. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Wm.  Skynner  Jo.  Pocock  Ri.  Yong  Geo.  Cowper.4 

This  is  probably  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  as 
Schoolmaster  at  Penrith,  in  1655,  as  witness  the  follow- 
ing:— 

Penreth.  Nov.  21.  1655. 

Whereas  the  yearely  Sume  of  flBfteene  poundes  was  Graunted  by  the 
Comrs  for  ppagating  ye  Gospell  in  ye  4  Northerne  Counties  by  their 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  {Plund.  Min.)  983. 
\  Ibid.,  999. 

3.  Vide  p.  957. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  983. 


Edenhall  445 

Orders  of  ye  6th  of  March  &  25th  of  March  1650  out  of  ye  Rectory  of 
Penreth  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  for  increase  of  ye  Maintennce 
of  ye  Schoolmr  of  ye  Grammar  Schoole  of  Penrith  aforesaid  ye  pfits 
thereof  not  exceeding  five  poundes  a  yeare.  It  is  ordered  that  the 
same  be  graunted  &  from  time  to  time  Continued  &  paid  unto  Mr. 
Edward  Williamson  Schoolemr  of  ye  said  Schoole  for  such  time  as  he 
shall  discharge  the  duty  of  Schoolemr  there  or  untill  further  ordr  of 
the  said  Trustees  And  ilr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Receivr  is  appointed 
to  pay  the  same  unto  him  Accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood,  Ri  Sydenham,  Ra  Hall,  Edw.  Cressett.i 

About  1657  he  received  a  yearly  Augmentation  of  £15  as 
such.  The  Penrith  Eegisters  record  the  burial  of  a 
daughter  thus  :  — 

1658-9  January  the  25th  Mary  daughtr  of  Mr.  Williamson  School- 
maister  buried. 

He  relinquished  his  position  at  Penrith  shortly  after  this, 
and  Joseph  "Ward,  his  successor,  was  appointed,  as  the 
following  testifies  :  — 

Penrith.  Mar.   23.  1659. 

A  peticon  being  prsented  for  Continuance  of  an  Augmentacon  of 
fiifteene  pounds  a  yeare  unto  Mr.  Joseph  Ward  Schoolemaster  of 
penreth  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  alleaged  to  be  formerly  graunted 
by  ye  Comrs  for  p'pagacon  of  ye  Gospel!  in  the  foure  northerne 
Counties  unto  ye  Schoolemaster  of  Penreth  aforesd  It  is  ordered  yt 
upon  pducing  ye  sd  graunt  of  ye  Comrs  for  ppagacon  the  sd  peticon 
be  taken  into  further  Consideracon. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Wm  Skinner  R<i  Yong  Jo  Pococke2 

All  this  agrees  with  Williamson's  appointment  at  Edenhall. 
The  lateness  of  the  date  of  his  settlement  here  should  be 
carefully  noted.  Cromwell  had  been  dead  more  than  a 
year,  nine  months  had  elapsed  since  the  resignation  of 
Richard  Cromwell,  his  son  and  successor,  and  feeling 
was  veering  rapidly  round  towards  the  restoration  of  the 
Monarchy.  Whether  this  appointment  in  any  way 
reflected  this  changing  feeling  is  not  clear,  for  Edward 
Williamson  remains  a  stranger  to  us.  A  person  of  this 
name  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1660,  for 
Flambridge,  in  Essex. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  972. 

2.  Ihid.,  989. 


446 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


Thomas  Tailor,  1660  (?). 

This    name    is    inserted    entirely    on    the    authority    of 
Calamy,  who  says  :  — 

He  was  a  Native  of  Scotland  :  he  liv'd  about  10  years  after  his 
Ejectment,  preaching  at  Alston-Moor ;  and  any  Place  as  he  had 
Opportunity,  l 

The  information  is  precise  and  careful,  and  yet  it  has 
to  be  admitted  that  the  case  is  altogether  doubtful.  The 
Registers  contain  no  Tailor  entries,  and,  beyond  what 
Calamy  gives,  no  information  of  any  kind  in  relation  to 
him  is  forthcoming.  What  is  more  serious  still  is  the  fact 
that  the  list  of  Incumbents  above  given,  provides  little 
room  for  him.  Edward  Williamson  was  appointed  at 
the  very  end  of  1659-60,  and  we  may  be  tolerably  certain 
that  Sir  Philip  Musgrave,  a  violent  persecutor  of  all 
ISTonconformists,  would  take  care,  after  that  date,  that  the 
occupant  of  the  pulpit  of  the  Church,  in  which  his  family 
worshipped,  should  have  no  taint  of  Nonconformity  about 
him.  The  evidence  is  not  absolute,  but  it  is  nearly  so, 
that  here  Calamy  is  at  fault.  It  is  not  suggested  that 
Thomas  Tailor  is  a  fiction ;  that  is  scarcely  likely  in  view 
of  the  minute  information  concerning  him  which  Calamy 
has  supplied.  It  ought  also  to  be  said  that  he  appears  as 
ejected  from  Edenhall  in  the  "  exact  Catalogue  "  of  1663 
referred  to  elsewhere  ;2  but  it  is  more  than  doubtful  if  he 
ever  was  at  Edenhall.  Still  Ifess  is  it  suggested  that  there 
was  no  Ejected  Minister  here.  The  interesting  personality 
is  Williamson  who  holds  the  secret  in  his  keeping. 

1663. 


Thomas  Denton,  B.A.,  — 

He  has  already  been  named  as  probably  sequestered 
from  this  place  about  1659.  The  Registers  witness  to  his 
return  after  the  Restoration.  The  entry  is  much  faded, 
l)ut  the  following  may  be  taken  as  the  reading :  — 

The  xxiij  daye  Julie  Rebeccka  (?)  Denton  the  daughter  of  Meister 
Thomas  Denton  Minister  of  Edenhall  was  baptized  1663. 
He  married  Julian,   daughter  of  John  Yaux,   Rector  of 


1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p. 

2.  Vide  p.  81  . 


159. 


Edenhall  447 

Great  Musgrave,  June  4th,  1662,  and  became  Rector  of 
Crosby  Garrett  in  1663. 1 

Simon  Greene,  1663  (?)— 1669. 

This  was  the  Sequestered  Vicar  of  early  date  returned; 
and  it  is  not  easy  to  see  why  the  return  was  so  long 
delayed.  There  were,  of  course,  two  claimants  at  the 
Restoration — Thomas  Denton  and  Simon  Greene — and  it 
would  appear  that  Thomas  Denton's  claim  succeeded  for 
a  time.  His  removal,  however,  to  Crosby  Garrett  cleared 
the  way  for  Simon  Greene,  and  the  latter  held  the  living 
until  his  death  in  1669.  The  Registers  note  his  burial 
thus  :  — 

The  xth  day  of  June  Simond  Greene  vicar  of  Edenhall  was  buried 
1669. 

Gilbert  Burton,  1669 — 1683. 

He  was  the  son  of  Leonard  Burton,  Vicar  of  Sedbergh, 
and  received  his  early  education  in  the  Grammar  School 
of  that  town,  whence,  in  1661,  he  went  to  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge.^  He  was  ordained  Priest  Sept.  20, 
1668,  being  at  the  time  described  as  Curate  of  Edenhall, 
and  was  instituted  to  the  living  on  January  24th,  1669, 
on  a  Presentation  by  the  Dean  of  Carlisle.  He  com- 
pounded for  his  First  Fruits  in  1670.  In  an  Inquisition 
held  at  Langwathby,  April  8,  1682,  he  appears  as  plaintiff 
against  Edwd.  Barrow,  Thos.  Barrow,  and  Isabel  Barrow, 
widow,  the  matter  in  dispute  being  the  "Vicarage  and 
parish  of  Langwathby  in  the  County  of  Cumberland — 
Tithes" ;  similarly  in  an  Inquisition,  at  the  same  place,  on 
Sept.  15,  1682,  with  the  same  parties  as  defendants,  the 
matter  in  dispute  being  "  the  Rectory  of  Aldston,  the 
parish  of  Langwathby  and  pasture  in  Tynehead  in  Priors- 
dale,  in  the  County  of  Cumberland.  Tithes."^  His  "Life 
of  Sir  Philip  Musgrave "  is  one  of  the  rare  "  Carlisle 
Tracts."  His  burial  entry  in  the  Registers  is  as  follows : 
July  the  20th  Gilbert  Burton  vicar  of  Edenhall  was  buryed  1683. 

1.  Vide  p.  1098. 

2.  Sedbergh  School  Registers,  pp.  85,  100. 

3.  Exchequer  Depositions  East.  8  :  Mich  6.     (Record  Office.) 


448  The   Ejected   of   1662 

John  Leigh,  M.A.,  1683—1690. 

He  was  instituted  Octv  3,  1683,  on  a  Presentation  by  the 
Dean  and  Chapter.  He  is  one  of  few  men  who  wins  praise 
from  JSTicolson.  In  his  Diary  under  date  May  13,  1685, 
referring  to  a  sermon  by  Leigh,  he  says  that  he  preached 
"  remarkably  well."  ^  Nicolson  and  Burn  say  that  he 
was  deprived  in  1690  ;2  but  for  what  reason  is  not  stated. 
Possibly  he  was  a  Nonjuror. 

George  Moon,  1690—1743. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon,  Dec,  21,  1684;  and  instituted 
Aug.  4,  1690,  on  a  Presentation  by  "  Will  Grahame, 
S.T.P."  Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary  thus  notes  his 
Induction  on  Aug.  6,  1690  :  — - 

Inducted  Mr.  Moon  into  ye  Vicaridges  of  Edenhal  and  Langwathby.* 

A  number  of  entries  relating  to  his  family  appear  in  the 
Registers.  After  referring  to  "  several  excesses  "  of  which 
he  had  been  guilty.  Bishop  Nicolson,  under  date  Sept.  28, 
1702,  says : — 

He  promis'd  (before  my  brother  John)  that  he  would  never  for 
the  future  drink  in  a  public  House  betwixt  meals,  nor  in  a  private  one 
(at  any  time)  to  excess ;  agreeing  that  if  this  promise  were  broken  or 
that  he  should  be  ever  prov'd  to  be  guilty  (as  heretofore)  of  scandalous 
swearing,  he  should  be  immediately  suspended.* 

Whether  he  kept  his  promise  we  have  no  means  of 
knowing;  but  he  held  the  living  for  40  years  after  the 
Bishop's  reprimand.  The  following  notice  of  his  burial 
is  in  the  Registers  :  — 

June  the  3,  1743  Mr.  George  Moon  Vikar  of  Edenhall  was  hurried. 

Connected  with  Edenhall  is  Langwathby,  a  Chapel  of 
Ease,  which  has  separate  Registers  beginning  with  1576. 
They  contain,  however,  little  of  use  for  our  purpose.  The 
place  has  been  served  from  the  earliest  times  by  the  Yicar 
of  Edenhall,   who  in   Commonwealth   days   is  called   an 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  i,  p.  29. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  413. 

3.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  i,  p.  35. 

4.  Ibid.,  vol.  ii,  p.  182. 


Edenhall 


449 


"  Itinerant."  The  Registers  give  the  name  of  Thomas 
Maplett  in  1610;  and  Edward  Edmondson,  a  Curate, 
appears  in  them  in  1618.  The  Episcopal  Register, 
Carlisle,  also  has  :  "  John  Bell  de  Langwathby  ordained 
Priest  March  16,  1678-9."  Whether  he  served  here  does 
not  appear. 


A  D 


III.     NEWTON  REIGNY. 

This  place  is  about  two  miles  north  west  of  Penrith. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  John ;  the  Registers,  a 
Transcript  of  which  by  the  late  Rev.  Henry  Whitehead,  is 
in  the  Jackson  Library,  beg-in  in  1572.  Jefferson,  who  gives 
three  names  for  the  Century  with  which  we  are  concerned, 
makes  the  sweeping  statement  that  "  no  list  of  incumbents 
is  now  to  be  recovered,  excepting  those  included  in  the 
above  notices  [anterior  to  1593]  and  the  few  hereafter 
following."  1  Clearly  the  Registers  had  not  been 
examined.  The  following  names  which  concern  our  period 
have  been  recovered  :  — 

Edv^ard  Nicholson,  1593. 

In  all  probability  he  was  a  native  of  the  district. 
"  Sir  Edward  Nicholson  Clerke  "  appears  as  witness  to  the 
Will  of  Christopher  Threlkeld  of  Melmerby  in  1569.^ 
Foster  has  the  following: — "Nicholson  Edward,  of 
Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  15  Nov.,  1605, 
aged  16;  B.A.  30  April,  1610,  M.A.  8  July,  1613." 
"  Nicholson  Edward  S.  RoL,  of  Newton,  Cumberland, 
pp.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  14  Dec,  1682,  aged  19."  ^ 
Possibly  these  were  connections.  Nicolson  and  Burn  give 
1593  as  the  year  of  Edward  Nicholson's  death,  and  refer 
to  him  as  "  Curate."  *  The  Registers  say  that  he  was 
"  buryed  the  xxij  Day  [Dec.]." 

Robert  Troutbeck,  1593—1636. 

The  Registers  state  that  "  Robert  Troutbecke,  Clerke, 
was  admitted  Yicear  or  Curat  of  Newton  and  entered  to 
serve  the  xvj  Day  of  December  Regn.  Eliz.  36,  in  Ano 
Dni  1593."  Doubtless  the  person  of  this  name  who 
appears  among  the  occasional  preachers  at  Watermillock 

1.  Hist,  of  Leath  Ward,  p.  151. 

2.  Vide  p.  383. 

3.  AI.  Ox. 

4.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  395. 


Newton  Reigny  451 

from  1604  to  1632/  and  his  marriage  on  June  5th,  1604, 
to  Mary  Wilkinson  is  noted  in  the  Registers.  In 
reference  to  him  Foster  has  the  following: — "Of 
Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  29  Oct.,  1591, 
aged  19,  B.A.  July  1595,  M.A.  4  July  1598; 
rector  of  Whitfield,  Northumberland,  1623-33."  If  this 
be  correct  he  was,  for  the  greater  part  of  the  time,  a 
Pluralist.  Possibly  this  is  the  person  who  was  ordained 
Deacon  Dec.  22,  1622.  His  two  sons,  Robert  and  Anthony, 
both  graduated  B.A.  in  Queen's  College,  the  former  in 
1622,  and  the  latter  in  1624-5.  There  was  an  Edward 
Troutbeck,  B.A.,  probably  a  connection,  Rector  also  of 
Whitfield,  in  1572.^  For  further  information  respecting 
the  Troutbeck  family  the  reader  is  referred  to  George 
Troutbeck  of  Bowness.^  Robert  Troutbeck  died  in  1636, 
and  his  burial  entry  reads  thus  :  — 

1636  Jan.  11.     Sir  Robert  Troutbeck  curat  of  Newton  S.  [Sepult]. 
The    Registers    also    give    the     following,     the    Robert 
Troutbeck   here  named    being    probably    the    son    of    the 
Newton  "  curat,"  and  the  Oxford  graduate,  above  cited  : 

Marye  W.  of  Mr.  Robert  Troutbecke  of  Blenkhow  1665/6  Jany  15. 
Sept. 

A  person  of  this  name  also,  who  is  given  as  B.A.  and 
"  de  Bownas,"  was  ordained  Deacon,  Sept.  20,  1668,  and 
Priest  Sept.  5,  1670.'* 

James  Pearson,  1636 — 1676. 

The  Registers  state  that  "  J.  Pearson  entered  and  was 

admitted  Minister  unto  NeAvton  Church  "  Jan.  15,  1636-7. 

His  Augmentation .  is  dealt  with  in  the  following :  — 
Cumberland.         Att  the  Comittee  for  plundered  Ministers. 
September  26  Anno  Dni  1646. 
By  vertue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  Parliament  of  the  second 
of  May  last  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearlie  sume  of  ffortie  pounds  bee 
allowed   and    paid  out    of    such    of    the    profitts  of    the    Impropriate 
Rectorie  of  Newton  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  Sequestred  from 
William   Carleton   Delinquent  ffarmer   thereof  under  the   Bishopp   of 

1.  Vide  p.  514. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Vide  p.  603. 

4-  Episcopal  Register. 


452  The    Ejected    of   1662 

Carlile  to  and  for  increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  Mr.  James  Pearson 
Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Newton  aforesaid  his  psent  Main- 
tenance being  but  Twelve  pounds  p  ann.  And  the  Sequestrators  of 
the  pmisses  are  required  to  allow  and  pay  the  same  accordingly  at 
such  times  and  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  said  profitts  shall  grow 
due  and  payable. 

Gilbt.   Millington.    ' 
Newton.  Dec.    3,   1647. 

Whereas  this  Cotee  have  the  26th  of  Septembr  1646  grted  401i  a 
yeare  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of  Newton  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  Sequestred  from  Wm.  Carlton  delinqnt 
ffarmer  thereof  under  the  Bpp  of  Carlile  to  &  for  increase  of  the 
maintenance  of  ^Ir.  James  Pearson  Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of 
Newton  aforesaid  It  is  ordered  that  the  Sequestratrs  of  the  pmisses 
doe  forthwth  paie  unto  the  sd  Mr.  Pearson  the  sd  40li  a  yeare 
togeather  wth  the  arreares  thereof  yet  unpaid  Or  shew  Cause  to  the 
Contrarie  before  this  Comittee  on  the  29th  daie  of  ffebruarie  next.2 

Newton.  Martii  1,  1648. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  the  26th  of  Septembr  1646  graunted 
the  yearely  summe  of  fourty  pounds  out  of  the  pfitts  of  the  Imppriate 
Rcory  of  Newton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  sequestred  from 
Willm  Carleton  delinqnt  ffarmr  thereof  under  the  Bpp  of  Carlile 
for  increase  of  the  maintence  of  Mr.  James  Pearson  Minister  of  the 
pish  Church  of  Newton  aforesd  upon  the  humble  peticon  of  the 
sd  Mr.  Pearson  It  is  ordered  that  Henry  Robinson  John  Clarke  John 
Readman  &  William  filetcher  Sequestratrs  of  the  prmisses  doe  from 
time  to  time  pay  the  Same  to  the  said  Mr.  Pearson  together  wth  all 
arreares  thereof  to  him  due  by  virtue  of  the  said  order.  ^ 

The  Registers  contain  the  following  :  — 

1642  Aug.   29.     Mary  d.  of  James  Pearson  Cler.   B.  [bap.]. 
1672  Dec.  21.     Margret  W.  to  James  Pearson  Curat  of  Newton, 
Sept. 

His  own  burial  entry  is  given  in  the  f  ©Rowing  terms  :  — 

1676/7  Mar.  1.     James  Pearson  Curat  of  Newton  Sept. 
Jefferson   says :  — "  In   the  way   to  the   pulpit   are   these 
doggrel  lines  to  the  memory  of  a  curate  of  this  parish  :  — 

Under  lyeth  james  pearson  here, 
Curate  of  this  place  forty  year; 

1.  S.P.   Dom.   Inter.,  F.    1    (Record  Office).     Duplicated  in   Bodleian 
MS.  323. 

2.  Bodl.   MS.   325. 

3.  Ibid. 


Newton  Reigny  453 

Who  biiryed  was  March  the  first, 
I  hope  his  soul  in  heaven  doth  rest. 
Anno  Dom.  1676."  ^ 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  James  Pearson's  ministry 
was  continuous  through  all  the  changes  of  the  times. 
Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1704,  says:  — 

There's  a  Chasm  in  it  [the  Register]  in  the  time  of  the  late  Civil 
Warrs;  which  is  laid  to  the  Charge  of  Mr.  Pearson,  grandfather  to 
Mr.   James  Pearson  now   Practitioner  of  Physick  in   Penrith.  2 

The  Pearsons  were  a  local  family. 

Hugh  Newton,  1676 — 1707. 

The  Episcopal  Hegister  says  that  he  obtained  a  license 
to  read  prayers  in  the  Parish  Church  of  Soulby  Jan.  22, 
1664—5 ;  also  that  he  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  20,  1665, 
and  Priest  Sept.  20,  1668,  being  Curate  at  Ousby  in  that 
year.  ^  He  was  collated  to  Newton  March  15,  1676. 
The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

1686  May  9 

Collected  in  the  Parish  Church  of  Newton  the  sume  of  one  pound 
and  three  shillings  and  in  going  from  house  to  house  in  the  week  day 
for  the  distressed  ffrench  protestants  by  me  Hugh  Newton  curate  and 
James  Bolraer  and  Robert   Hasty  Church  wardens. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1704,  says  that  the  present  "  Curate  is 
Mr.  John  Newton;  a  poor  old  Man,  of  Qualifications 
suitable  for  ye  preferment."  ^  This  must  be  a  mistake  for 
Hugh  Newton  :  for  in  an  account  of  the  Curate's  income 
for  that  year  the  signature  is  that  of  "  Hugh  Newton 
Minister  of  Newton."  ^    In  his  Diary  Nicolson  says  :  — 

1705   June   11.     Mundy.     Old   Mr.    Newton   in   ye   morning   very 
impatient  till  he  sees  what  Q.  Ann's  Bounty  will  do  for  him.  6 

He  resigned  in  1707. 

1.  Hist,   of  Leath   Ward,   p.    152. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.   146. 

3.  Vide  p.  389. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  146. 

5.  Ibid.,  p.  238. 

6-  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.   12. 


lY.     GREYSTOKE. 

In  older  documents  "  Graystock,"  "  Graistock,"  or 
"Grastoke."  It  is  a  moderate  sized  village,  some  five  miles 
east  of  Penrith,  the  Howards  and  the  Huddlestons  being 
long  connected  with  the  neighbourhood.  Its  Church,  a 
fine  massive  structure,  has  much  about  it  of  interest  to 
the  antiquarian  and  is  dedicated  to  St.  Andrew.  The 
Registers,  which  are  in  an  excellent  state  of  preservation, 
are  exceedingly  rich.  The  Parish  was  originally  very 
large,  consequently  the  entries  are  numerous.  The  earlier 
volume,  which  begins  in  1559,  has  several  gaps  up  to 
1622.  It  is  oblong,  and  bound  in  thick  leather,  the 
writing  in  the  main  being  easily  deciphered.  The 
Registers  have  been  transcribed  by  the  present  Rector 
and  are  in  the  hands  of  the  publisher.  The  list  of 
Incumbents  is  as  follows  :  — 

Leonard  Lowthee,  1597- — 1609. 

He  was  presented  by  Richard  Lowther  of  Lowther, 
Esquire,  and  was  a  Pluralist,  being  Rector  of  Lowther 
also.^  His  burial,  at  Lowther  Church,  is  thus  given  in 
the  Grey  stoke  Registers:  — 

1609  December  Sun  the  third  day  was  buried  Mr.  Leonard 
Lowther  parson  of  Graystocke  and  Lowther  wch  Mr.  Lowther  depted 
to  the  mercy  of  God  the  same  day  and  was  buried  at  Lowther 
Church. 

He  had  previously  held  the   Great   Orton   and   Bowness 
livings.^ 

Heney  Robinson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1609—1616. 

Foster  gives  the  following  respecting  him  :  — "  Tabarder 
Queen's  Coll.,  B.A.  12  July,  1572,  fellow  1572,  M.A.  20 
June,  1575,  B.D.  10  July,  1582,  D.D.  6  July,  1590,  provost 

1.  Vide  p.  1234. 

2.  Vide  pp.  227,  600. 


Greystoke 


455 


of  his  college  1582-98,  principal  of  St.  Edmund  Hall 
1576-81,  member  of  Gray's  Inn  1601,  rector  of  Fairstead, 
Essex,  1580,  bishop  of  Carlisle  1598,  until  his  death  13th 
of  the  calends  of  July,  1616,  buried  in  the  college  chapel."^ 
He  held  the  Greystoke  living  in  commendam. 

Jerome  Waterhouse,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1616—1632/3.2 

The  following  from  the  Registers  supplies  us  with  much 

interesting  information  respecting  him  :  — 

1632-3  ffebruarie  19  daye  Being  Tewsdaye  was  Buryed  Mr. 
Jierome  Waterhouse  Batcher  of  Divinitie  was  sometymes  ffellowe  of 
Trinitie  Colledge  in  Cambridge,  and  departed  this  lyfe  upon  Mondaye 
morning  about  fower  of  the  Clock  when  he  had  beene  pson  of  Gray- 
stock  xvi  yeares  vii  months  and  xvii  dayes. 

His  daughter,  Mary,  married  Lancelot  Fletcher  of 
T.allentire,  and  it  was  their  daughter,  Dorothy,  who 
became  the  wife  of  George  Larkham,  the  Ejected  Minister 
of  Cockermouth.  George  Larkham  says  that  his  daughter 
Eliza  was  buried  with  her  great  grandmother  Waterhouse, 
who  would  be  the  widow  of  Jerome  Waterhouse,  in  Birstal 
choir,  near  Leeds. ^  In  all  probability  she  was  a  native  of 
that  district  which  appears  to  have  been  the  home  of  the 
Waterhouse  family.  Jonas  Waterhouse,  M.A.,  a  graduate 
of  St.  John's,  Cambridge,  described  as  "  a  moderate 
Nonconformist,"  ejected  from  a  Curacy  in  Bradford,  was 
"  the  son  of  Henry  Waterhouse  of  Tooting,"  whose  family 
originally  belonged  to  Bradford.* 

In  Lord  William  Howard's  "  Household  Books  "  is  the 
following :  — 

Rewards  Dec.  16 18  To  the  Parson  of  Graystock's  man  bringing 
40  hens  vs.  5 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  In  the  Watermillock  list  of  preachers  (vide  p.  515)  is  Samuel  Hilton 
"Minister  of  Graistocke."  Probably  he  was  simply  Curate.  In  the  list 
the  Incumbents  are  called  "Vicar"  or  "Parson."  William  Morland  is 
so  called  after  1640  when  the  living  fell  to  him ;  previously  when  he  was 
serving  as  Curate  he  appears  as  "Minister." 

3.  Vide  p.  695. 

4-   Thoresby's  Diaries,  vol.   i,  p.   60  note ;  vide  also  Dale's  Yorkshire 
Puritanism  and  Nonconformity,  p.  164. 
5.  P.  88. 


456  The   Ejected   of    1662 

This  would  be  Jerome  Waterhoiise.  Previously  he  was  at 
Kirkby  Lonsdale  for  a  short  time.^ 

William  Pettie,  B.D.,  1633— 1639 '40. 

He  was  instituted  July  31,  1633,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  Comes  Arundell  et  Surrey."  Foster  gives  the  following 
in  reference  to  a  person  of  this  name  who  may  possibly 
be  identified  with  the  Greystoke  Minister :  — "  Of 
Southants,  gent.  St.  Alban  Hall,  matric.  14  May,  1602, 
aged  16 :  B.A.  8  June,  1605,  M.A.  19  April,  1608,  B.D. 
10  March,  1620-1,  vicar  of  Thorley,  Isle  of  Wight,  1614."2 
There  is  a  curious  entry  in  the  Registers,  which  would 
suggest  that  William  Pettie  was  somewhat  of  an  absentee, 
while  it  contains  a  name  of  considerable  interest :  — 

November  1633  3  daye  Baptized  Thomas  the  Somie  of  William 
Toddhunter  of  Bowskale  the  first  childe  that  our  Mr.  William 
Morleand  the  substitute  of  Mr.  William  Pettie  the  pson  of  Graystock 
did  Baptize  after  his  entrie. 

This  William  Morland  is  to  be  identified  with  the  person 
of  that  name  who  follows;  and  it  would  appear  that  already 
he  was  a  kind  of  Curate  for  William  Pettie.  In  corrobora- 
tion is  the  statement  in  Lord  Howard's  "Household  Books" 
thus  :  — 

Oct.  11,  1634  To  Mr.  Morlan  Person  of  Graystock  for  a  Gratuitie 
at   my   Lords   buriall   xls     3 

William  Morland,  M.A.,  1639/40—1650. 

As  already  intimated,  he  was  probably  Curate  for 
William  Pettie  before  being  appointed  to  the  living;  and 
in  1630  he  was  Schoolmaster  at  Kirkby  Stephen.  At  this 
place,  mainly  at  his  expense,  "  a  handsome  little  school 
building "  was  erected  in  1659. 4  He  was  instituted  to 
Greystoke  March  6,  1639/40;  and  in  that  year  he  com- 
pounded for  his  First  Fruits.  In  the  usual  full  and 
interesting  style,  which  is  quite  a  feature  of  these 
Registers,  his  Induction  is  thus  noted:  — 

1.  Vide  p.  1010. 
•2-  Al.  Ox. 

3.  P.  355. 

4.  Nicolson  and  Burn,   vol.  i,  p.   548. 


Greystoke  457 

March  ii,  1639  Be  it  knowne  yt  Willm  Morland  ~SIt.  of  Artes 
of  Jesus  Colledge  in  Cambridge  was  Inducted  into  this  Rectory  of 
Graystocke  by  Lan.  Dawes  Dr  of  divinitie  vicar  of  Barton  in  West- 
merland  March  ii.    1639. 

About  1650  William  Morland  was  ejected  on  the  ground 
of  insufl&ciency  and  scandalousness ;  and  though  he 
appealed  through  his  solicitor,  John  Musgrave,  to  the 
central  Committee  in  London,  the  decision  went  against 
him.  ^  Walker  says  "  he  had  no  Fifths  paid  him.  "-  The 
Fifths  were  not  usually  paid  to  the  Sequestered  Minister, 
but  to  his  wife  for  the  maintenance  of  herself  and 
children. 

West  or  Westox,  1650 — 1652. 

In   the   brief  Sketch   of   John   Xoble   appended   to  the 
Sermon  in  his  memory  3  is  the  following  :  — 

In  the  year  1650  Mr.  West  was  sent  a  zealous  Preacher  and  one 
mighty  in  Prayer  but  sickly  and  he  soon  died  of  a  consumption. 

Walker  repeats  the  story  of  "  one  West "  succeeding 
Morland,  adding  that  "he  died  in  about  two  yeares  time,"* 
the  information  having  been  supplied  by  Thos.  Gibbon. ° 
The  present  Rector,  E-ev.  A.  M.  Maclean,  B.A.,  and  the 
Rev.  J.  H.  Colligan,  who  was  then  in  charge  of  the  Pres- 
byterian cause  at  Penruddock,  a  little  distance  away, 
claim  to  have  discovered  the  burial  entry  of  West  in  the 
Greystoke  Registers;  but  they  give  the  name  as  "Weston." 
Unfortunately,  as  is  not  infrequently  the  case,  the  page 
of  the  Register  fails  us  at  the  critical  moment.  It  is  one 
of  the  worst  faded  in  the  book;  but  the  following  is  the 
reading  given  by  the  two  gentlemen  just  named  :  — 

1654  Sept.  died  13th  day  15  day  buried  V.  Weston  the  p'son  of 
Greystoke. 

A  careful  examination  of  the  page  leaves  the  conviction 
that  a  definite  pronouncement  is  not  possible.     Certainly 

1.  Vide  p.  629. 

2.  Walker,  Pt.  II,  p.  306. 

3.  Vide  p.  1264. 

4.  Walker,  Pt.  II,  p.  306. 

5.  Vide  p.  369. 


458  The   Ejected   of  1662 

the  above  reading  is  open  to  serious  doubt.  It  is  somewhat 
unlikely  that  both  the  author  of  the  John  Noble  Sketch 
and  Walker  would  err  in  reference  to  the  name;  and  if 
"West"  is  the  correct  name  it  is  difl&cult  to  conceive  of  any 
clerk  blundering  to  the  extent  of  writing  "Weston."  It  is 
not  quite  the  sort  of  error  that  a  scribe  would  make. 
Certainly  the  least  decipherable  word  in  the  entry  is  the 
name.  Then  the  date  is  late  :  for  Walker  gives  to  West 
a  ministry  of  about  two  years.  A  more  formidable 
difl&culty,  however,  presents  itself  in  another  direction. 
Among  the  signatories  of  the  letter  to  Richard  Baxter 
from  the  Cumberland  Ministers  is  that  of  "  Ri  Gilpin 
Pastor  at  Graystock,"  ^     This   letter  bears  date   Sept.  1, 

1653,  and  is  written  from  Penrith;  so  that  even  at  that 
time  Richard  Gilpin  had  been  at  Greystoke  more  than 
twelve  months  before  the  burial  of  West  or  Weston  in 

1654.  This  fact  throws  considerable  suspicion  upon  the 
reading  above  given  and  points  to  a  much  earlier  date 
for  West's  death.  The  use  also  of  "  Y."  if  intended  for 
"  Yicar "  in  conjunction  with  "  p'son  "  is  exceptional. 
Altogether  the  evidence  suggests  that  the  reading  above 
cited  cannot  be  accepted  as  correct. 

The  foregoing  passage  was  written  months  ago,  and  as 
it  contains  an  interesting  history  of  the  elucidation  of  a 
difficult  reading  it  is  allowed  to  remain.  Since  then, 
however,  the  Registers  have  been  examined  by  Mr.  Henry 
Brierley,  Secretary  of  the  Lancashire  Parish  Registers' 
Society,  and  the  following  is  the  reading  given  :  — 

Buried    15   September    1652,    died    13th    Mr.    Weston    Parson   of 

Graistocke. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  whilst  "Weston"  is  retained 
the  date  is  the  one  suggested  in  the  above  passage.  The 
retention  of  the  name  is  curious ;  and  I  confess  that  I  do 
not  take  kindly  to  "Weston,"  though  in  view  of  Mr. 
Brierley's  finding  I  dare  not  question  the  correctness  of 
the  reading.  It  is  doubtful  if  evidence  is  ever  likely  to 
be    forthcoming    sufficient    to    determine    whether    the 

1.  Vide  p.  89. 


Grey  stoke  459 

Greystoke  Clerk  erred  in  the  name,  or  Walker  and  the 
author  of  the  John  Noble  Sketch  were  the  delinquents. 

Richard  Gilpix,  M.A.,  M.D.,  16521—1660. 

He  was  a  grandson  of  Richard  Gilpin,  who  was  brother 
to  Bernard  Gilpin,  the  illustrious  Protestant  preacher 
of  Elizabeth's  days,  and  whose  ministry  was  mainly 
exercised  in  the  County  of  Durham,  his  self  sacrificing 
labours  earning  for  him  the  title  of  "Apostle  of  the 
North."  The  Gilpins  were  an  old  Westmorland  family, 
fixed  at  Kentmere,  near  Kendal,  from,  at  least,  the  days 
of  King  John ;  and  Richard  Gilpin  was  the  son  of  Isaac 
Gilpin.  The  entry  of  his  baptism  in  the  Kendal  Registers 
is  as  follows  :  — 

October    23,    1625    Eichard    son    of    Isaac    Gilpin,    of    Strickland 
Kettle. 

No  light  appears  to  be  forthcoming  in  reference  to  his 
early  life  and  education.  Dr.  Grosart,^  whose  patient 
enquiries  resulted  in  the  unearthing  of  much  new  informa- 
tion respecting  this  distinguished  man,  tells  a  most 
interesting  story  of  searches  to  no  profit,  respecting  his 
University  career  instituted  at  Oxford  and  Glasgow.  It 
is  singular  that  Dr.  Grosart  did  not  carry  his  enquiries 
to  the  sister  Scottish  Univei-sity  at  Edinburgh,  for  there 
he  would  have  found  the  object  of  his  quest.  That  was 
Gilpin's  Alma  Mater,  where  he  took  Medicine  first  and 
Divinity  afterwards.  His  name  appears  in  the  list  of 
M.A.  graduates  thus  :  — 

July  30,  1646     Ricardus  Gilpin  Minister  verbi  in  Anglia.' 
Equally  barren,  Dr.  Grosart  informs  us,  his  endeavours  to 

1.  In  keeping  with  the  idea  that  West  died  in  1654  Mr.  Colligan  in 
his  booklet — "Three  Penruddock  Puritans" — gives  the  date  of  Gilpin's 
accession  to  Greystoke  as  1654,  which  is  obviously  incorrect.  The 
Tablet  in  Penruddock  Chapel  also  recently  erected  to  "the  inspiring 
memory"  of  three  men  Richard  Gilpin,  Anthony  Sleigh  and  John 
Noble  errs  in  the  same  way.  It  also  contains  the  further  date  error 
about  Gilpin  in  making  him  remain  at  Greystoke  until  1661,  whereas 
he  retired  from  the  living  at  the  end  of  1660. 

2-  Gilpin's   Daemonologia   Sacra    (Grosart). 

3-  List  of  Edinburgh  Graduates  (Bannatyne  Club). 


460  The   Ejected    of  1662 

verify  the  statement  of  Calamy  to  the  effect  that  before 
his  appointment  to  Greystoke  he  was  "  a  Preacher  in 
Lambeth  at  the  Savoy,  where  he  was  assistant  to  Dr. 
Wilkins,  and  at  Durham."  "  His  presentation  to  the 
Living  of  Greystoke  in  Cumberland,"  says  Dr.  Grosart, 
"  is  really  the  first  definite  fact  we  have  of  this  kind."  The 
Rev.  Wm.  Gilpin,  a  great  grandson  of  Richard  Gilpin,  is 
almost  as  disappointing,  in  reference  to  this  part  of  his 
ancestor's  life.  He  merely  says  that  he  "  applyed  the  first 
years  of  his  life  to  the  study  of  physic.  But  feeling  a 
stronger  inclination  to  divinity  he  laid  aside  all  thoughts 
of  practising  as  a  physician  and  changing  entirely  the 
course  of  his  studies,  he  took  his  degrees  in  divnity;  but 
at  what  university  I  find  no  account."  It  is,  however, 
certain  that  the  Gilpin  family  were  resident  in  Durham 
about  this  time.  In  the  suggested  "Durism"  Classis  appears 
"  Mr.  Isaacke  Gilpin  "  as  an  Elder  in  1645 ;  and,  about 
1649,  he  receives  £10.  Os.  Od.  from  the  proceeds  of  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  Lands  as  "  Usher "  of  a  school  in 
Durham.^  This  would  be  Richard  Gilpin's  father,  who 
married  Anne,  daughter  of  Ralph  Tonstall,  of  Coatham 
Mundeville,  Durham. ^  It  should  also  be  remembered  that 
this  was  the  County  where  Bernard  Gilpin,  his  distin- 
guished ancestor,  exercised  his  wonderful  ministry.  The 
following  is  still  further  confirmatory:  — 
July  1646. 

Pet.  of  Isaac  Gilpin  of  City  of  Durham  to  the  Comrs.  for  Com- 
pounding at  Westminster  That  before  these  late  troubles  petitioner 
suffered  much  injury  under  the  prelatical  faction  and  their  agents. 
That  in  the  time  of  the  Earl  of  Newcastle's  [domination]  himself  and 
family  were  thurst  out  of  their  dwelling  by  mandamus  from  that 
Earl,  whereupon  his  house  was  then  seized  and  much  of  his  house- 
hold stuff  wasted.  He  was  then  forced  to  disperse  his  family,  and 
himself  afterwards  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  troops  under  Colonel 
Clavering,  but  shortly  delivered  out  of  their  hands.  Since  then  he 
has  been  constantly  employed  in  the  Parliam.ent's  service,  both  by 
Commissioners  from  the  Parliament  and  by  Committees  of  the  County, 
and  his  diligent  and   faithful   service  therein  was  certified   from  the 

1.   Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii.  pp.  368,  551. 
2.  Gilpin  Memoirs  and  Pedigree  by  W.  Jackson,   F.S.A. 


Grey  stoke  461 

Grand  Jury  of  the  County  at  Michaelmas  Sessions  last  to  the  Right 
Honourable  Sir  Henry  Vane.  The  Committee  for  Revenue  about 
July  1646  granted  to  him  the  Keeper's  place  of  Bear  Park  [near 
Durham],  which  now  upon  sale  thereof  is  taken  away  from  him, 
being  the  only  reward  he  had  for  his  Service.  That  since  the  time 
when  the  Scots  had  taken  Berwick  and  Carlisle  and  were  making 
their  approaches,  petitioner,  at  his  own  charge,  furnished  himself 
and  his  son  with  horses  and  arms  and  assisted  those  few  of  the 
Militia  who  then  acted  for  raising  forces  in  the  County  for  its 
defence,  and  so  continued  for  6  months  together  without  any  recom- 
pense, his  son  being  yet  in  the  Parliament's  service.  In  this  service 
he  lost  several  valuable  horses,  and  has  had  little  or  no  benefit  all 
this  time  from  his  poor  estate.  He  having  grown  old,  now  prays 
that  you  would  be  a  means  to  procure  for  him  the  place  of  Keeper 
[of  Bear  Park]  or  some  other  allowance,  that  so  he  may  maintain 
his  family  and  his  Soul  may  bless  the  Parliament.' 

But  Richard  Gilpin  is  definitely  named  as  one  of  the 
Ministers  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Durham  about  1649, 
receiving  as  salary  £117.  9s.  Od.  for  a  period  of  nine 
months. 2  In  the  "  Memoir  of  Alderman  Barnes  "  it  is 
stated  that  he  "  administered  the  Lord's  Supper  to  a  small 
congregation  in  Durham,  hut  not  having  his  health  there, 
he  removed  to  Cumberland,  and  was  made  parson  of 
Graystoke,  a  benefice  of  £300  a  year."  ^ 

The  precise  date  of  his  Presentation  to  Greystoke  cannot 
be  ascertained,  but  the  evidence  points  to  1652,  the  year 
of  West's  death.  Richard  Gilpin  was  in  large  measure 
the  father  of  the  Cumberland  Association,  whose  origin 
Dr.  Shaw  very  properly  says  "  was  contemporary  with,  if 
not  earlier  than,  that  of  the  Worcestershire  one."''  The 
date  of  the  latter  was  some  time  before  May,  1653,  the 
"Agreement"  being  issued  July  10,  1653.  It  was  the 
publication  of  this  document  which  drew  forth  the  letter 
to  Richard  Baxter,  dated  Sept.  1,  1653,  signed  by  Richard 
Gilpin  and  other  Ministers,  in  which  it  is  said  that  "before 

1-  Cal.  S.  P.  Papers  for  1645-7,  p.  461  :  vide  also  the  Masy  Letters, 
p    920. 

2.  Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii,  p.  531. 
3-  Surtees   Soc,  vol.   50,   p.    142. 
4    Hist.   Eng.   Ch.,  vol.   ii,   p.   444. 


462 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


we  had  heard  of  your  book  we  had  undertaken  a  work  of  a 
like  nature."  ^  It  is  clear  also  from  the  letter  in  question 
that  the  work  met  with  considerable  difficulty  and  required 
time ;  besides  which  it  is  scarcely  likely  that  E-ichard 
Gilpin,  quite  fresh  upon  the  scene,  would  be  in  a  position 
of  influence  such  as  to  found  a  movement  of  that  kind. 
Late,  therefore,  in  1652,  or  very  early  in  1653,  he  must 
have  been  settled  at  Greystoke.  Dr.  Grosart  says  that  he 
"  had  married  shortly  after  coming  to  Greystoke ;  but, 
curiously  enough,  the  lady's  name  has  not  been  preserved 
in  any  of  the  numerous  family  papers  put  into  my  hands." 
Referring  later  to  Gilpin's  return  from  Holland  in  1676 
with  his  M.D.  Diploma,  he  says  that  by  this  time  he  "  was 
married  to  his  second  wife,  a  daughter  of  a  Cumberland 
Squire,  Brisco  or  Briscoe  of  Crofton  Hall."  Dr.  Grosart 
has  confused  matters  here.  The  lady  whom  Richard 
Gilpin  married  shortly  after  his  advent  to  Greystoke  was 
the  "daughter"  of  the  "Cumberland  Squire" ;  and  the 
name  has  been  "preserved,"  as  the  Thursby  Registers 
testify :  — 

1656  Sept  16  'Sir.  Eichard  Gilpin  &  Mrs.  Susana  Brisco  of 
Crofton  was   Married. 

This  error  in  reference  to  Gilpin's  second  marriage  is 
also  repeated  in  the  excellent  account  of  him  in  the 
"  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  "  from  the  pen  of  the 
Rev.  A.  Gordon,  M.A.  She  survived  him  many  years, 
dying  in  1715.  Dr.  Grosart  gives  the  names  of  only  two 
of  Gilpin's  children  who  were  baptized  at  Greystoke ;  but 
three  of  them  have  been  discovered  :  — 

1657  September.  Borne  ye  5th  Day  in  ye  afternoone  and  ye  23 
Day  Baptized  William  the  Sonne  of  Mr.  Richard  Gilpin  p'son  of 
Graistocke. 

Borne  ye  12  day  July  io58  and  22  was  Baptized  Isaac  ye  sonne 
of  Mr.  Richard  Gilpin  pson  of  Gr. 

1659  Susanna  ye  Daughter  of  Mr.  Gilpin  pson  of  Graestocke  was 
Borne  ye  17th  day  of  Nov.  and  Baptized  ye  7th  of  December  1659. 

In  all,  however,  thirteen  children  were  born  to  him: 
and  the  marriage  of  Ann  to  Jeremiah  Sawrey  of  Broughton 


1-  Rel.   Bax.,  p.   162. 


Grey  stoke  463 

Tower,  is  thus  given  in  the  Registers  of  Crosthwaite  near 
Kendal :  — 

Mr.   Jeremiah  Sawrey  &  Mrs  Ann  Gilpin  Nupt.   2  April   1688. 

In  reference  to  this  match,  the  author  of  Barnes's 
Memoir  has  the  following  :  — 

Mr.  Jeremy  Sawry,  a  very  deformed  crooked  man,  had  been 
refused  by  many  women,  but  Dr.  Gilpin  accepted  his  offer,  and  got 
his  daughter  Ann  by  that  means  settled  in  this  family,  which  was 
always  well  spoken  of  for  their  humility,  piety  and  sobriety.' 

Richard  Gilpin  did  not  wait  for  the  Uniformity  Act  of 
1662 :  he  retired  from  Greystoke,  according  to  the 
decision  of  the  Convention  Parliament  of  Sept.,  1660, 
which  allowed  the  reversion  of  the  living  to  the  Seques- 
tered Incumbent,  if  still  alive.  He  preached  the  Assize 
Sermon  at  Carlisle  on  Sept.  10,  1660,  being  probably 
still  at  Greystoke;  but  he  was  gone  before  the  following 
February  as  the  Registers  show :  — 

Anno  Regni  Caroli  Secundi  &c.  decimo  tertio  Annoq.  dom.  1660-1 
Mensis  Ffebruarii  2  was  William  Hodgson  of  Little  Blencow  Chosen 
Parrish   Clarke  of  Graystocke  by  William   Morland  Kector. 

As  with  his  distinguished  ancestor,  Bernard  Gilpin, 
Richard  Gilpin  had  the  offer  of  the  Bishopric  of  Carlisle, 
and  in  his  case,  as  in  the  other,  the  offer  was  refused;  and 
seeing  that  Richard  Sterne  was  consecrated  on  Dec.  2, 
1660,2  l\^Q  offer  must  have  been  made  before  that  date. 

It  would,  therefore,  appear  that  near  the  close  of  1660 
he  was  replaced  at  Greystoke  by  the  old  Rector.  "During 
his  incumbency,"  says  Dr.  Grosart,  "  he  had  invested  what 

*  monies  '  he  had  at  his  disposal  in  the  purchase  from  the 
Musgraves  of  the  Castle  and  small  estate  of  Scaleby,  near 
Carlisle, — filling  up  the  amount  of  the  purchase-money 
by  a  mortgage.  Thither  accordingly  he  retired  into 
privacy; — he  was  wont  to  assemble  his  employes  and 
neighbours  in  a  '  great  room  '  of  the  old  Castle — originally 
a  Border-fortalice  erected   against   the   Scots — and   there 

*  preach  '  to  them  on  the  Sabbaths."     The  following  in- 

1.  P.  142. 

2.  Gilpin  Memoirs  by  Eev.  W.  Gilpin,  p.   9  note. 


464  The   Ejected   of  1662 

teresting  note  is  added  by  Charles  Bernard  Gilpin,  Esq., 
Juniper  Green,  Edinburgh  :  — "A  good  old  aunt  of  mine 
— mother  of  the  present  [1887]  Mr.  Eawcett  of  Scaleby 
Castle — took  particular  pride  in  shewing  a  certain  very 
large  room  in  her  Castle.  Her  theory  was  that  this  was 
one  of  the  great  attractions  of  the  place  in  Dr.  Gilpin's 
view :  for  here  he  would  have  room  enough  to  preach  to 
as  many  people  as  were  likely  to  attend,  and  liberty  also : 
Scaleby  as  she  observed,  being  at  just  such  a  distance 
from  Carlisle  as  to  place  him  beyond  the  operation  of  the 
Conventicle  Act." 

In  an  Inquisition  respecting  the  "  Manors  of  Scaleby 
and  Kirklinton  (Cumberland)  lately  belonging  to  Sir 
Edwd  Musgrave  Knt.  and  Bart.  Customs  and  tenures  " 
taken  at  "  Riccargate  near  Carlisle,"  Oct.  20,  1669,  with 
Richard  Gilpin  as  defendant  the  following  appear  as 
plaintiffs  :  — Chresr.  Hewett,  Thos.  Gibson  Thos.  Bulman 
John  Dalton,  John  James,  John  Nicholson,  James  Grame, 
John  Bulman,  John  Gibson,  John  Matteson,  Peter  Grame, 
Mich.  Furnate,  Chresr  Taylor,  Chresr  Pierson,  Wm 
Goodfellow,  John  Palmer,  Robt  James,  Wm.  James, 
Rowld  James,  Andw  Linnex,  Richd  Dalton,  Robt  James, 
Thos  Palmer,  George  Simpson,  John  Furnate,  John 
Peirson,  and  Edmond  Blacklock.  Among  the  witnesses 
"  Robert  preistman  of  Kirklinton  in  the  County  of 
Cumberld  Clerk  and  Rector  of  Scaleby,  aged  sixty  yeares 
or  thereabouts "  is  "  sworne  and  examined  by  the  sd 
Comrs."  1 

In  keeping  with  the  spirit  of  the  time  Edmund 
Sandf ord,  referring  to  Scaleby,  says  :  — 

Tt  was  sometime  the  estate  of  Sir  Edward  Musgrave  of  Hayton 
baronet,  but  now  sold  to  Mr.  Gilpin  a  quondam  preacher  of  the 
fanatical  Parliament,  and  his  wife  Mr.  Brisco's  daughter  of  Crofton, 
brethren  of  Confusion  in  their  brains,  knew  what  they  would  not 
have  but  knew  not  what  they  would  have  if  they  might  chuse.2 

In  this  retreat  Gilpin   "  administered  medical   advice 

1.  Ex.  Dep.  Mich.  22  (Record  Office). 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  459. 


Grey  stoke  465 

among  many  of  his  poor  neighbours,"  besides  attending 
to  their  "  spiritual  wants " ;  and  how  greatly  he  was 
respected  and  revered  will  be  evident  from  the  fact  that 
it  was  believed  for  long  years  after  his  death  that  "  he 
had  laid  the  Devil,  as  they  phrased  it,  in  a  morass  not 
far  from  his  house."  In  the  account  of  Mary  Wilson, 
"The  Virgin  Saint,"  he  is  named  as  medical  adviser 
during  her  last  illness.  1 

As  early,  however,  as  1663,  Gilpin  formed  intimate 
relationships  with  the  Newcastle  Nonconformists,  and 
from  his  home  at  Scaleby  he  was  accustomed  to  journey 
over  and  preach  to  them.  Hence  Bishop  Cosin,  in  that 
year,  urges  the  Mayor  of  Newcastle  to  look  sharply  after 
the  "  Caterpillars,"  mentioning  "William  Durant,  Henry 
Lever,  Richard  Gilpin  and  John  Pringle  as  ringleaders. 

About  1668  he  was  invited  by  "  a  large  congregation  "^ 
of  Nonconformists  there,  and  the  invitation  was  accepted. 
At  this  time  persecution  was  rife,  and  how  he  fared  in 
his  new  sphere  of  labour  the  following  from  Depositions 
in  York  Castle  relating  to  offences  shows  :  — 

clxxvi.  Richard  Gilpin,  Clerk  and  othei-s.  For  holding  a  Con- 
venticle. Aug.  4,  1669.  Before  Ralph  Jenison,  Mayor  of  Newcastle, 
Cuthbert  Nicholson,  cordyner  saith  that  upon  Sunday  last,  about 
five  or  six  of  the  clock  in  the  morneing,  he  did  see  a  great  nomber  of 
people  goe  into  the  howse  of  Mr.  Richard  Gilpyn,  minister  in  the 
White  Freers,  and,  afterward,  he  went  to  parson  Jon  Shaw,  and 
acquainted  him  with  the  premisses.  Whereupon  the  said  Mr.  Shaw 
togeither  with  the  church  wardens,  constables,  and  sergeants-att- 
mace,  by  the  comaund  of  Mr.  Maior,  did  repaire  to  the  said  Richard 
Gilpin's  howse.  And  when  they  came  there  all  the  dores  were  shutt 
and  made  fast.  And  after  the  dores  were  broken  open  he  did  see 
these  severall  persons  come  out,  viz.  Robert  Johnson,  merchant,  Dr. 
Tunstall,  Wm.  Cutter,  James  Hargraves,  merchant,  Wm.  Hutchin- 
son, George  Headlyn,  fitter,  Charles  Newton,  gent.,  Humphrey  Gill, 
gent.,  Jno.  Bittleston,  tanner,  Matthew  Soulsbey,  roper,  Michael 
Jobling,  pullymaker,  Robert  Finley,  chapman,  and  diverse  other 
persons  to  the  nomber  of  fortie.  2 

1.  Vide  p.  341. 

2.  Depositions  from  York  Castle  (Surtees  Soc,  vol.   40),  p.   172. 

A  E        " 


466  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The    Conventicle    Returns    also    for    1669    within    the 
Deanery  of  Northumberland  give  the  following :  — 

Att  Newcastle 
four  Ringleaders  &  Speakers 

Mr.  Gilpin 
Mr.  Durant 
Mr.  Prindle 
Mr.  Lever,  i 

In  like  manner  the  following  letter  vividly  illuminates 
the  situation  and  shows  how  excited  the  times  were  :  — 

The  information  and  complaint  of  Mr.  Thomas  Naylor  Minister 
in  the  Chiefe  Church  of  the  Towne  of  Newcastle  upon  Tyne  in  his 
Letter  addressed  to  the  Bishop  of  Durham  and  Dated  Novembr  16 
1668. 

Upon  the  1st  of  November  last  being  Sunday  and  All  Saints-Day 
there  was  a  publick  Meeting  in  the  Barber-Chirurgeon's  Hall  at 
Newcastle  of  about  500  persons  (who  call'd  themselves  the  Congrega- 
tion of  Saints)  headed  and  led  thither  by  one  Gilpin  (a  man 
notoriously  knowne  to  be  disaffected  to  the  King's  Government)  who  at 
this  Meeting  caused  the  149  Psalm  in  Meeter  to  be  Sung  by  all  his 
Congregation  of  Saints  vizt. 

Sing  yee  unto  the  Lord  our  God 

A  new  rejoycing  Song. 

And  let  the  praise  of  him  be  heard 

His  holy  Saints  among,  &c. 

For  why  ?  the  Lord  his  pleasure  all 

Hath  in  his  people  set  : 

And  by  deliverance  he  will  raise 

The  Meeke  to  Glory  Great 

With  glory  &  with  Honour  now 

Let  all  his  Saints  rejoyce  &c. 

And  in  their  hands  eke  let  them  beare 

A  double  edged  Sword 

To  plague  the  Heathen  &  Correct 

The  people  with  their  Hands  : 

To  bind  their  Stately  Kings  in  Chains 

Their  Lords  in  Iron  Bands 

To  execute  on  them  the  Doome 

That  written  is  before 

This  Honour  all  his  Saints  shall  have 

Praise  yee  the  Lord  therefore. 

1.  lenison  MSS.   (Lambeth  Library),  639. 


Greystoke  467 

Whereby  they  gave  notice  to  all  others  in  the  Town  &  Country 
about  what  the  Seditious  Designes  of  these  Meetings  are  in  applying 
this  Psalme  to  themselves  and  to  their  own  ill-intended  purposes. 
This  Gilpin  has  lately  heretofore  much  molested  the  Counties  of 
Westmorland  &  Cumberland,  &  was  therefore  so  farr  prosecuted  by 
Sr  Phillip  Musgrave's  Legall  proceedings  against  him,  that  he  made 
him  Leave  that  Country  &  fearing  lest  hee  might  doe  as  much  Mis- 
chiefe  in  another  &  especially  by  harbouring  himselfe  in  the  Towne 
of  Newcastle  hee  gave  Notice  thereof  that  heed  might  be  taken  of 
him  &  his  evill  Designes  prevented  before  he  came  there. 

Besides  this  Gilpin  there  is  one  Durant  &  another  one  Leaver,  &  yet 
another  one  Pringle  who  joyned  themselves  together  &  keep  great 
assemblies  of  People  in  Houses  at  Newcastle  as  being  the  Heads  & 
Ringleader."!  of  the  Disaffected  persons  there  in  great  Multitudes. 

The  present  Maior  of  Newcastle  hath  forbidden  them  all  to  meet 
any  more  at  so  publick  a  place  as  the  Chirurgeon's  Hall  &  as  yet  I 
heare  of  no  further  proceedings  against  them.  But  the  Town  is  much 
Disquieted   &   endangered  by  them. 

Jo.  Durisme  [pen  through]. 
[Endorsed  :]     A    Copy   of    the    Complaint   and    Information    of  Mr. 
Naylor    New    Castle     Concerning    Conventicles    sent    to    my    Lord 
Arlington. 

Nov.  26,  1668.' 

How  eager  Gilpin's  enemies  were  to  do  him  an  ill  turn 
is  evident  from  the  following :  — 

Carlisle  ffeb   19th,   167i. 
Sr. 

The  Knowledg  of  yr  great  tendernes  ffor  ye  afflicted  incourages 
mee  to  offer  as  an  obiect  ffit  ffor  yr  charitable  consideration,  the 
unhappy  condition  of  my  poor  Neighbour  Chris.  Pearieson,  who  by  a 
chance  blow  killed  his  ffriend.  Upon  ye  strictest  inquisition  it  will 
appeare  to  be  but  manslaughter,  but  yt  makes  a  fforfeiture  of  his 
Land  &  goods  to  ye  utter  mine  of  his  wife  &  many  poor  children. 
I  hope  all  circumstances  weighed  it  will  not  appeare  an  unreasonable 
request  to  intreat  yr  flavour  in  procureing  his  Maties  pardon,  whereby 
you  give  a  being  to  his  poor  family  &  prevent  ye  gratifying  his  Land  Ld 
Mr.  Gilpin  a  great  phanatique  &  ye  most  dangerous  person  in  ye 
ffoure  Northerne  Countys.  The  flavour  you  shew  in  this  affaire  must 
particularly  be  acknowledged  by  him  who  is  withall  duly 

Sr    yr    most    obliged 
&    humble   Servant 

Chris  :    Musgrave. 

1.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  1,  No.  227. 


468  The   Ejected   of  1662 

My  wife  presents  her 

most  humble  service  « 

to  you. 

19  Febr.   167^  K     . 

Sr  Chr.   Musgrave 

Pierson's  forfeiture.* 

The  letter  was  sent  to  Sir  Joseph  Williamson  and 
Pearson's  pardon  was  obtained. 

At  Newcastle  Bichard  Gilpin  had  a  valuable  friend  in 
Alderman  Barnes,  who  more  than  once  protected  him  in 
the  hour  of  peril.  The  author  of  the  Memoir  of  that 
distinguished  man  says  :  — 

When  the  Five  Mile  Act  came  out  Dr.  Gilpin  lodged  at  Mr. 
Barnes  his  house  for  more  security.  When  his  goods  were  destrained. 
upon,  Mr.  Barnes  to  prevent  their  being  squandered  away,  repledged 
them.  These  good  offices  contracted  a  friendship  between  them. 
They  placed  out  their  eldest  sons  at  the  inns  of  court  together.  And 
when  there  was  a  design  to  bannish  the  Doctor  from  Newcastle,  Mr. 
Barnes,  by  persuading  the  Magistrates  of  his  great  usefulness  in  the 
town,  by  his  skill  in  physick,  procured  him  quietness  to  the  end  of 
King  Charles  his  reign.  He  claimed  to  be  of  Bernard  Gilpin's  line, 
and  had  his  scutcheon  pinned  at  his  coffin.2 

Gilpin  availed  himself  of  the  Indulgence  Declaration 
and  licensed  "Scarby"  [Scaleby]  Castle,  wrongly  placed 
in  Northumberland,  on  Sept.  5,  1672,  as  a  "  Pr.  [Presby- 
terian] preaching  place.  Curiously  enough,  however,  the 
house  of  "  Richard  Gilpine,"  in  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  is 
licensed  for  "  Cong  "  worship.  In  1676  he  proceeded  ta 
Leyden,  and  took  the  M.D.  degree,  though  previous  to 
this  he  had  been  styled  "  Doctor."  The  following  is  the 
record  from  the  Students'  Inscriptions  :  — 

Richard  Gulpin  Cumbridus  obtained  his  degrees  July  6,  1676 
post  disputationem  privatam  de  Historia  Hystericae  Passionis  medi- 
cinae  doctor  renunciatus  est  a  clarissimo  Kraame. 

Also 

Richard  Gilpin — Med.   Candid,  anno  50.  apud  Prof.  Spinaeus  die 
xxix  Julii  1676. 

During  his  Newcastle  ministry  it  would  seem  that  he 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  303,  p.  52. 

2.  Surtees  Soc,  vol.   50,  p.  142. 


Greystoke  469 

retained  his  connection  with  Scaleby  Castle.  "  By  the 
encouragement  his  ministry  met  with  from  the  liberality 
of  the  people  and  his  emoluments  by  the  practice  of  physic 
he  raised  a  considerable  sum,"  and  so  was  able  to  free  his 
Cumbrian  home  from  all  debt.  "  Very  pleasant,"  says 
Dr.  Grosart,  ''  must  have  been  those  holiday  '  escapes ' 
from  smoky  Newcastle  to  the  Sylvan  solitudes  and  bright- 
ness of  Scaleby,  he  interposed  between  his  toils."  "  A 
handsome  meeting  house "  was  eventually  erected  for 
him  at  Newcastle  and  the  congregation  became  both  large 
and  influential.  Here  he  laboured  until  death  brought 
him  rest  which  was  "on  Tuesday  Feb.  13.  1699/1700 
about  eight  a  Clock  in  ye  morning."  He  was  interred  on 
the  Friday  following  in  the  Churchyard  of  All  Saints, 
Newcastle.  Calamy  states  that  "  he  went  into  the  Pulpit 
the  last  time  he  was  in  it,  under  a  Feavourish  Indis- 
position, and  Preach'd  from  2  Cor.  5.  2.  For  in  this  we 
groan  earnestly  ^c.  and  to  the  surprise  of  all,  he  rather 
Groaned  than  spake  this  Sermon.  His  Lungs  being  at 
that  time  too  Tender  for  Work,  his  Disease  seiz'd  that 
part,  and  he  was  brought  Home  in  a  Pere'pneuTnonia 
which  in  10  Days  time  put  a  Period  to  his  Life." 
Calamy 's  account  of  him,  which  occupies  considerable 
space,  is  rather  an  appreciation  of  his  character  than  an 
attempt  to  tell  the  story  of  his  life ;  and  he  speaks  without 
any  reserve :  — 

He  had  a  large  Share  of  Natural  Abilities  which  he  had  wonder- 
fully improv'd  by  an  unwearied  Industry,  and  long  and  hard  Study  : 
So  that  there  was  scarce  any  thing  that  accomplish'd  a  Man,  a 
Scholar,  a  Physician,  or  Divine,  but  he  Possess'd  it  in  great  Perfec- 
tion .  .  With  a  clear  Head  and  searching  Skill  in  Divine  things  he 
had  a  sincere  and  warm  Heart.  The  fire  of  Zeal  and  the  light  of 
Knowledge,  accompanied  one  another  .  .  .  The  care  of  the  Churches 
lay  upon  him.  His  unblamable  Character  had  obtain'd  amongst  all, 
but  those  whose  Ill-nature  would  suffer  them  to  speak  well  of  none 
who  differ'd  from  them.  He  was  much  respected  by  many  for  the 
good  he  had  done  them  as  a  Physician.  Among  Persons  of  Rank 
and  Quality  in  the  Parts  where  he  liv'd  all  necessary  means  were 
scarce  thought  to  have  been  us'd,  if  he  had  not  been  Consulted.  He 
went  about  doing  good  to  the  Souls  and  Bodies  of  Men.     This  World 


470 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


was    not  in    his    Eye,    none    could    charge    him    with   anything    like 
Covetousness. 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  he  was  the  father  of  the 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland  Association,  and  it  i& 
impossible  to  estimate  the  extent  to  which  Nonconformity 
in  the  North  is  indebted  to  him.  Like  his  distinguished 
ancestor,  he  also  may  well  be  called  "  The  Apostle  of  the 
North."  What  Richard  Baxter  was  in  Worcestershire, 
Richard  Gilpin  was  in  the  area  in  question.  It  is  even 
said  that  he  accomplished  the  difficult  feat  of  winning  the 
respect  of  the  Quakers,  who  had  seldom  anything  but  the 
bitterest  speeches  for  the  "  priests  "  of  every  description. 
Thomas  Story,  who  was  of  that  persuasion,  was  "  initiated 
into  the  study  of  Law  "  by  Dr.  Gilpin's  son,  a  Councillor, 
and  he  tells  about  being  sent  for  to  Scaleby  Castle.  In 
relation  to  these  visits,  if  he  does  not  indulge  much  in 
praise  of  the  "  ancient  celebrated  Preacher  among  the 
Presbyterians,"  ^  he  certainly  does  not  heap  upon  him 
abuse  as  he  did  others.  Several  works  from  Dr. 
Gilpin's  pen  survive,  but  they  are  all  exceedingly  rare. 
They  are  :  —  "  The  Agreement  of  the  Associated  Ministers 
&c,"  which  was  published  in  1656 ;  "  The  Temple  Rebuilt  : 
a  Discourse  on  Zach,  vi.  13,"  preached  before  the  Asso- 
ciated Ministers  at  Keswick,  May  19,  1658,  and  at  their 
request  published  that  year;  his  "  Disputatio "  for  his 
Diploma,  1676,  of  which  a  copy  is  in  the  British  Museum ; 
"  The  Comforts  of  Divine  Love,"  a  sermon  preaclied  on 
the  death  of  Timothy  Manlove,  published  in  1700;  the 
Assize  Sermon,  previously  named,  which  was  not  published 
until  1700;  and  "  Daemonologia  Sacra,"  a  considerable 
volume  reissued  in  1872. 

As  already  stated  he  had  a  considerable  family  and  in 
the  "  Gilpin  Memoirs  "  (Jackson)  a  carefully  constructed 
pedigree  of  the  Gilpin  family  will  be  found.  A  daughter, 
Dorothy,  married  Dr.  Jabez  Cay,  of  Newcastle,  to  whom 
Thoresby  on  his  visit  to  the  place,  May  19,  1703,  thus 
refers :  — 


1.  Life  of  Thomas  Story,  p.   30. 


Grey  stoke  471 

To  inquire  for  Mr.  John  Cay,  brother  to  my  late  ingenious  friend 
and  kind  benefactor,  Dr.  Jabez  Cay,  whose  death  was  a  public  loss, 
as  well  as  to  me  in  particular.  Then  to  visit  good  Mrs.  Manlove 
(who  gave  me  some  original  papers  of  the  late  Doctor's),  to  her 
brother  Bennet ;  and  after  to  visit  the  widow  '  of  Dr.  Gilpin  (the  pious 
author  of  Daemonologia  Sacra,  &c.),  and  his  son-in-law,  Dr.  Cay.^ 

His  eldest  son,  "William,  born  at  Greystoke,  studied  for 
the  law,  and  the  following  two  letters  from  his  pen  while 
he  was  a  student,  are  of  considerable  interest.  Matthew 
Sylvester,  their  recipient,  was  a  distinguished  London 
Nonconformist  Minister  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for 
Baxter's  "  Reliquiae  "':  — 
Sr 

I  have  not  yet  been  so  fortunate,  as  to  be  delivered  from  the  fear 
I  have  yt  thro  ye  miscarriage  of  yt  wch  I  writ  to  you  upon  my  first 
arrivall  here  1  may  be  undr  some  misapprhension ;  for  this  reason 
I  cannot  satisfie  my  self  without  furthr  securing  mee  from  those 
thoughts  of  neglect  &  forgettfulness  yt  possibly  you  may  intertain  ot 
mee.  I  thought  to  have  been  at  London  ere  this,  for  wn  I  came  down 
I  was  fully  resolved  to  have  lost  no  more  time  in  ye  County  yn  ye 
long  Vacation.  But  now  I  find  ye  Importunity  of  Friends  &  Relations 
will  unavoidably  detain  me  here  this  winter.  I  see  it  is  an  easy 
thing  wn  one  first  undrtakes  a  business  of  this  nature  to  fix  a 
Resolution  thus  far  I  will  be  ingaged  &  no  further,  but  wn  one 
really  is  imbargned  therein  it  requires  a  more  yn  ordinary  Steddiness 
of  Principles  to  be  able  not  to  transgress  such  a  Resolve.  Divinity 
I  believe  can  afford  but  too  many  instances  of  this  kind  :  ^len  can 
readilier  resolve  yn  pform  any  thing.  Men  have  too  great  apprhen- 
sions  of  yr  strength  till  yu  try  it,  and  too  slight  thoughts  of  ye 
Difficulties  yu  are  to  wrestle  thro,  till  yu  feel  ym.  But  I  must  not 
draw  up  a  bill  agt  my  self ;  yt  would  betray  as  much  unnaturalnegs 
as  ye  other  doth  Humanity — Sr  I  have  nothing  of  News  to  acquaint 
you  withall,  wee  import  indeed  a  considerable  quantity  fro  London, 
but  export  none  thither ;  or  if  at  any  time  wee  venture  to  make  you 
a  Return,  our  wares  are  so  abominable  naught  &  corrupt,  yt  wee 
wondr  you  will  take  ym  of  or  hands,  witnesse  our  advices  in  a  late 
Gazette.  My  C.  Hawdon  hath  given  you  an  acct.  I  suppose  of  ye 
Execution  of  ye  Oxford  Act.  Wee  are  not  wthout  or  Jealousies  here 
of  wt  ye  papists  may  be  prompted  to  act  out  of  desperation,  &  yfore 

1.  Dr.  Gilpin's  widow,  Susanna,  died  "on  Tuesday,  Jan.  18,  abt. 
11  a  Clock  at  night  and  was  interred  on  Friday  following  being  Jan.  21st 
1714/15."  (Jackson's  "Gilpin's  Memoirs,"  p.  8  note). 

2.  Thoresby's  Diaries,  vol.  i,  p.  427. 


472  The   Ejected   of  1662 

in  most  places  have  a  strict  eye  ovr  ym.  The  Prebends  of  Durham 
think  their  fears  are  excusable  because  yy  [they]  have  so  much  to  lose — 
Wee  think  or  writers  may  now  leave  of  Countermining,  for  by  this 
time  yy  cannot  but  be  sensible  how  much  yy  have  yrby  undermined 
jr  own  Interest,  by  indeavouring  to  instill  a  belief  into  ye  nation  yt 
yr  is  no  danger  to  be  apprehended  from  ye  Papist  &  yt  it  was  ye 
Fanatic  yt  ye  Magistrate  need  only  be  whetted  agt.     I  Confess  it  was 

a.  meritorious  piece  of  Service  yy  did  yr  mother  in  bidding  her 

look  North,  wn  her  greatest  blow  was  coniinge  South.  I  suppose  yy 
will  not  now  expect  an  answer  from  ye  Fanatics ;  the  discovery  of 
this  Plott  is  a  practical  Confutation  of  all  yy  said.  Sr 

I   am 
Newl.  Nov.  4  Yor  Reall  friend  &  Servt 

78.  Wm.    Gilpin. 

My  Service  to  Mrs.  Silvester,  Mr.  Smith  &c. 
To 
Mr.  Matth.  Silvester  at  his  house  in  Dogwell  Court  in  White-fryars 
Fleete  street. 

London. 
These  ' 

Revrend  Sr. 

I  am  afraid  yt  I  have  so  long  disappointed  yor  expectations  of  a 
Ire  [letter]  yt  you  may  think  you  have  just  ground  to  imagine  yt  I 
am  one  of  those  yt  use  to  forgett  those  yy  [they]  have  obligations  to  so 
Soon  as  ye  necessity  of  yr  affairs  occasions  them  to  be  absent  from 
them.  And  indeed  I  must  confess  yr  were  reason  to  place  mee 
almost  in  ye  same  predicamte  wth  Mr.  Ducase,  if  it  were  not  yt  yr 
is  something  more  in  my  case  yn  wt  may  appear  to  you  at  first  view ; 
and  yrfore  Sr  I  shall  give  you  some  acct  of  ipy  selfe  &  yn  I  doubt 
not  but  yt  1  shall  obtain  more  favourable  thoughts  from  you  yn 
othr  wise  1  might  have  seemed  to  deserve. — ^ly  voyage  was  indeed 
far  more  tedious  yn  I  hoped  it  should  have  proved,  for,  wt  by  an 
obstinate  Calm  and  a  little  Contrary  Wind  it  was  the  Last  of  June 
before  1  gott  to  Newl  and  yet  notwithstanding  all  the  tediousness  of 
such  a  voyage,  for  my  part  1  have  no  reason  to  repent  yt  I  chose 
rather  to  go  by  sea  than  by  land,  for  I  may  suspect  yt  Considering 
my  constitution  ye  heat  and  toil  of  a  land  Journey  might  possibly 
have  had  ye  same  effect  on  me  yt  it  had  on  one  of  Sr  Wm  Blackett's 
sons  who  coming  down  by  land  wthin  two  or  three  days  riding 
contracted  a  ffeaver  by  it  wch  has  cost  him  his  life.  Imediately 
upon  my  arrivall  here  I  was  posted  into  Cmbrld  whither  I  am  also 
to  goe  again  to  morrow,  so  yt  I  hope  you  will  do  me  ye  justice  to 

1.  Baxter  MSS.,  vol.  i,  in  Dr.  Williams's  Library. 


*  Grey  stoke  473 

conclude  yt  this  was  ye  first  opportunity  I  had  to  assure  you  (Sr) 
that  I  am 

Yor  vry  much  obliged  Friend 
&  Servt 

Wm.  Gilpin. 
Newl.    July   20 
'78. 
Some    Ires    from    Scotld    assure  us    yt    Laudrdale    doth  not   carry 
things  so  before  him  at  ye  Convention  as  at  first  wee  were  told  he 
did,  and  particularly  yt  Sr  Patrick  Hume  did  so  vigorously  oppose 
his  nominating  ye  Comittee  yt  he  could  not  by  any  means  attain  jrt 
point.     However  it  is  propounded  to  ym  to  consider  of  a  ^lethod  for 
ye  raising  of  ]Money  to  ^Maintain  those  forces  yt  have  been  raised  in 
yr  Kingdome  by  vertue  of  a  late  act  of  Parleament  amongst  them. — 
Sr  Patrick  was  one  night  seized  on  in  his  own  house — &  Comitted 
close  prisonr  to  ye  Tollboth  of  EdinburgTi,  where  he  still  continues. 
Pray  give  my  Service  to  Mrs.  Silvester,  to  Mr.   Smith  [torn]  Eldred 
&c.     Wn  I  am  indebted  to  you  for  my  poll  pray  lett  me  know  &  I 
shall  take  care  to  discharge  it.' 

William  Mohl.\nd,  M.A.,  1660—1663. 

Towards  the  end  of  1660  the  Sequestered  Morland 
returned  to  his  living.  His  Petition  to  the  House  of  Lords 
for  restoration,  presented  in  June,  1660,  reads  as  follows  : 

To  the  Right  Honble  The  Lords  in  Parliament  Assembled. 
The  humble  peticon  of  William  Morland  Clearke  Master  of  Arts. 
Shewith, 

That  the  Rectory  of  Graystock  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  was 
divers  yeares  sequestred  from  yor  Peticonr  by  the  powers  then  in 
being  without  due  course  of  Law  : 

Therefore  yor  peticonr  prayeth  that  ye  Tythes  Gleabes  and  other 
profitts  of  the  said  Rectory  may  be  secured  unto  ye  hands  of  some 
responsable  persons  untill  that  the  Parliamnt  take  order  therein,  or 
the  Peticonr  be  restored  by  due  Course  of  Law 
And  yor.   peticonr  shall 
pray    &c. 

William  Morland. 
I  testify  that  ye  Peticonr  haveing   been   Minister  there   for  diverse 

L  Baxter  MSS.,  vol.  i.  Vide  Daemonologia,  edited  by  Dr.  Grosart ; 
also  Calamy,  Gilpin  Memoirs,  Life  of  Thomas  Story  (1747),  Audland's 
Sermon  for  John  Noble,  Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.  and  Memoirs  of 
Alderman  Barnes  (Surtees  Soc,  vol.  50),  for  further  information. 


474  The    Ejected   of  1662 

years  was   outed    in   the  tyme   of   the   late   wars   without    any    due 
Course  of  law  although  an  able  and  conscientious  devine. 
PHILIP  MUSGRAVE. 
Sr   philip    Musgrave   of   Edenhall 
Knt   &   Baronett. 
[On  the  outside]  : — 

23  of  June  1660 

Peticon  of  William  Morland 

Gierke. 

Expd.l 

William  Morland  did  not  lon^  survive  his  restoration. 
The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

1663  July  the  sixth  day  of  this  moneth  at  Sixe  of  the  clock  in 
the  after  noone  did  Mr.  William  Morland  Rector  of  Greystock  depart 
this  life  And  was  Buried  the  Eight  day  at  ffive  in  the  afternoone  by 
Mr.  Jacob  Spencer  who  was  his  Curate.  2 

Alan  Smallwood,  D.D.,  1663—1686. 

He  was  of  St.  Peter's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he 
became  S.T.P.  in  1661  "  per  literas  Eegias."  He  com- 
pounded for  his  First  Fruits  for  Norton  Dunelm  in  1661, 
and  Greystoke  in  1664,  being  instituted  to  the  latter  place 
Dec.  3,  1663,  on  a  Presentation  by  Joseph  Colston,  M.D., 
of  London,  by  virtue  of  a  grant  from  the  Countess  Dowager 
of  Arundel  and  Surrey.  He  was  inducted  on  the  15th  of 
the  same  month.  From  the  following,  however,  it  would 
appear  that  there  was  some  defect  in  relation  to  the 
matter :  — 

To  the  Kings  Most  Excellent   Matie  The  Humble   Petition   of  Alan 
Smalwood  Gierke  Dr.   in  Divinity. 

Sheweth 
That  your  Petr  since  your  Maties  happie  Restauration  was  by  the 

Rt   Honoble   Elizabeth   Gountesse   Dowager  of  Arundell   and   Surrey 

presented  to  the  Rectory  of  Graistock  in  the  Gounty  of  Gumberland. 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library  :  also  H.M.G.,  Seventh  Report,  Pt.  i, 
p.   107. 

2.  In  the  Sketch  of  John  Noble's  Life  it  is  said  that  at  the  King's 
return  an  attempt  was  made  to  put  in  one  Mr.  Jackson,  but  without 
success.  Two  Jacksons  are  given  as  ejected  from  Parishes  close  by — 
Peter  from  Gastle  Sowerby,  and  John  from  Hutton-in-the-Forest.  It 
is  quite  possible  it  was  one  of  these.     (Vide  pp.  488,  495.) 


Grey  stoke  475 

He  humbly  prayes  your  Matie  to  be  graciously  pleased  to  confirme 
him  and  corroborate  his  Title  to  the  said  Rectory. 

And  he  shall  ever  pray. 
[On   one   side] — 

I    am    assured    yt 
this  person  is  very  capable 
of  yr  Maties  favour 
ffeb  6,   1664.         Gilb.   Cant. 

[On  the  top  side] — -Dr.   Smallwood. 
I  Date  given  in  pencil] 

6   Feb.    1664/5.' 
Dr.  Smallwood 

Warrt  for  a  Presentacon  of  Allan  Smallwood  ad  corrob.  Tit.  to  ye 
Rectory  of  Graistock  in  ye  Diocese  of  Carlisle  Feb.  11th,  1664/5.  2 

Id  an  Inquisition  taken  at  Grey  stoke  Oct.  6,  1666,  he 
appears  as  plaintiff  with  Christopher  Blencowe  as 
defendant,  the  matter  in  dispute  being  the  "  Rectory  of 
Graistock.  Whether  lands  called  '  Marshalls  Moors  '  are 
parcel  of  the  glebe."  ^  Sir  Thomas  Howard  is  mentioned 
as  farmer  of  the  Rectory.  A  second  Inquisition  at 
Blencow  on  April  13  of  the  following  year,  between  the 
same  two  parties  and  in  reference  to  the  same  matter, 
speaks  of  the  "  Parsonage  of  Graistock,  and  two  closes  of 
land,  called  Marshall  Moors  late  of  Sir  Henry  Blencow 
(defendant's  father)  deceased."  •*  There  were  two  other 
Inquisitions  in  which  he  was  more  or  less  concerned.  The 
first  was  at  Greystoke  on  Sept.  23,  "  24  Chas.  2.,"  with 
Thos.  Parsons  and  John  Robson  as  plaintiffs  and  John 
Noble,  Henry  Winder,  Geo.  Parker  and  Miles  Hathwaite 
as  defendants,  the  matter  in  dispute  being  the  "  Rectory 
and  parish  of  Graistock,  and  the  townships  called  Berryer 
Penruddock-cum-Hutton  and  Johnby  Tithes."  ^  The 
other  was  at  Cockermouth  on  the  24th  of  January  following 
with  "  Sir  Miles  Haythwayte  Knight,  John  Bristow  Thos. 
Slee  "  as  plaintiffs,  and  "  Allan  Smallwood,  D.D.,  Thos. 

1.  S.P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  vol.  112,  No.  35. 

2.  Ibid.,  Entry  Book  22,  p.  14. 

3-  Ex.    Dep.    Rec.   Off.,    Mich.    15. 

4.  Ibid.,  East.   15. 

5.  Ibid.,  Mich.  7. 


476  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Parsons,  John  Robson,  John  Cannon  "  as  defendants,  the 
matter  in  dispute  being  the  same  except  that  we  have 
both  "John  and  Johnby"  among  the  place  names. ^  The 
Penruddock  "  Kist  "  contains  quite  a  collection  of  valuable 
documents  relating  to  various  disputed  matters  in  the 
Parish,  in  some  of  which  Alan  Smallwood  is  a  prominent 
figure.^  He  seems  to  have  had  a  keen  eye  for  finance, 
especially  where  there  was  an  opportunity  of  adding  grist 
to  his  mill.  On  this  account,  as  well  as  others,  he  fell 
foul  of  the  Quakers.  Besse  informs  us  that  among  others 
who  were  continued  prisoners  for  tithe,  in  April,  1682, 
were  :  — "  John  Sowerby  who  had  been  Prisoner  three 
years  and  seven  Months  at  the  Suit  of  Allan  Smallwood, 
Priest  of  Graystock,  and  John  Todhunter  who  had  been 
imprisoned  three  Years  and  two  Months  at  the  Suit  of  the 
same  Priest;  also  John  Slee,  who  had  been  committed  at 
the  Suit  of  Allan  Smallwood."^  A  sermon,^  which  he 
preached  at  Carlisle,  Aug.  17,  1664,  on  Oaths  brought 
him  into  conflict  with  these  people  and  called  forth  several 
replies  from  their  leaders  :  — 

Howgill  Francis  of  Todthorne  near  Greyrigg.  Oaths  no  Gospell 
Ordinance  but  prohibited  by  Christ ;  being  in  Answer  to  A.  Small- 
wood  D.D.  to  his  book  lately  pub.,  being  a  Sermon  preached  at 
Carlisle  1664,  wherein  he  hath  laboured  to  prove.  Swearing  lawful 
among  Christians  [&c.].  By  a  Sufferer  for  Christ  and  his  doctrine. 
F.H.  4to.  Printed  in  the  year  1666.  11^  [number  of  pages]. 
Reprinted  in  his  Works. 

A  Reply  to  a  Pamphlet  called — Oaths  No  Gospel  Ordinance,  &c. 
Wherein  a  Sermon  Preached  at  Carlisle,  Aug.  17,  1664,  with  all  the 
Arguments  therein  produced  (to  prove  that  our  Saviour  did  not 
forbid  all  Swearing)  is  fully  Vindicated.  The  Text  of  St.  Mat.,  5,  34, 
and  St.  James  5,  12,  are  plainly  interpreted,  the  Truth  undeniably 
manifested,  and  the  Objections  to  the  contrary  whatever  could  be 
found  in  the  Writings  of  Francis  Howgill,  Sam.  Fisher  or  any  other 
Quaker   Satisfactorily  Answered.     By  Alan    Smalwood.    D.D.     York. 

1.  Ex.  Dep.,  Hil.  1. 

2.  Trans.   (N.S.),   vol.   ix,   p.   225. 

3.  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  vol.  i,  p.   133. 

4.  This  was  printed  at  York  by  Stephen  Buckley  in  1665.     A  copy 
is  in  the  Bodleian. 


Grey  stoke  477 

Printed  by  Stephen  Bulkely,  and  are  to  be  sold  by  Francis  Mawburne. 
Small  8vo.     1667.     30. 

Benson  Gervase  of  Kendal  in  Westmoreland  a  Justice  of  Peace. 

A  True  Testimony  concerning  Oaths  &  Swearing  &c.  As  also  an 
Answer  to  the  subject  matter  contained  in  Twelve  Arguments  or 
Reasons  (laid  down  in  a  Sermon  preached  at  Carlisle,  Aug.  17,  1664, 
by  Allan  Smallwood,  D.D.,  as  he  stiles  himself)  [&c.]. 

4to.     London  :  Printed   in   the  Year   1669.     6. 

A  Second  Testimony  Concerning  Oaths  and  Swearing  in  Answer 
to  a  Book  entituled  The  Case  of  the  Quakers  relating  to  Oathes  stated 
by  J.S.  or  an  Appendix  to  a  Book  written  in  the  Year  1668  in 
answer  to  Allan  Smallwood.  Wherein  is  fully  cleared  the  Command 
of  Christ  &c.     4to.     Printed  in  the  Year  1675.     3.' 

The  Fleming  MSS.  have  the  following  interesting  entry  :  — 

Wee  two  [Sir  G.   Fletcher  &  Sir  Daniel  Fleming]  and  my  Lady 

Mary  were  Jany  21st,   1682/3  at  Graystock  Church  and  dyned  with 

Dr.    Smalwood,   that   day   being  his  marriage-feast   and  it  being  the 

fourty-fourth  given  Jany  22  in  the  house  at  Hutton  :  00  :  08  :  0C.2 

Alan  Smallwood's  burial  entry  in  Greystock  Registers 
is  as  follows  :  — 

1686  October  The  ffifteenth  day  of  this  Moneth  about  sixe  of  the 
Clock  at  night  did  the  Reverend  Doctor  Alan  Smallwood  Rector  of 
Graystock  depart  this  life,  and  was  Buried  the  Eighteenth  day  about 
three  in  the  afternoone  by  Mr.  Richard  Ward  his  curate. 

It  was  in  his  day  that  the  following  were  excommuni- 
cated, and  the  largeness  of  the  list  witnesses  to  the 
strength  of  Nonconformity  in  the  neighbourhood  :  — 

March  1685.  29. 

Were  these  psons  whose  names  &  Sirnames  are  hereunder  written 
denounced  excomunicate  for  their  offences  and  other  their  contumacye 
in  not  appeareing  at  Consistorye  Court  for  the  Reformation  of  their 
lives  &  manners  vizt  :  John  Slee  Jacob  Relf  John  Atkinson  Scholmr. 
at  Motherby  and  Mary  his  wife  John  Noble  and  Jane  his  wife  John 
Tod  &  Agnes  his  wife  Adam  Bird  &  Issbell  his  wife  Henry  Sheapherd 
Mary  Todd  wid.  John  Jack  &  Elizabeth  his  wife  Henry  winder  of 
Hutton  John  &  his  wife  John  Jack  of  Berrier  &  Ann  his  wife  Miles 
Malleson  of  the  same  &  Jane  his  wife  Thomas  Edmundson  of  Motherby 
&  Jane  his  p'tended  wife  Ambro.se  Hodgson  John  Slee  of  Gresedale  & 
Isabell   his   wife   John    Soulby  John   Todhunter   Jennett   Mark   wid. 

1.  Smith's  Bib.   Anti-Quakeriana,  pp.   400,  401. 

2.  Fleming  MSS.,   H.M.C.,  Twelfth  Report,   p.    399. 


478 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Chresto.  Scott  Bridgett  Slee  wid.  William  Greenhow  Elizabeth  his 
ptended  wife  Rich.  Mark  of  Hutton  roofe  &  his  wife  Dorothy  Relf 
wid.  Thomas  Barker  Abraham  Relfe  John  Relle,  Rich.  Atkinson  of 
Graystocke  &  Elinor  his  wife  Elizabeth  Hudson  of  Wathermealock 
Mary  Robinson  John  Martendale  &  Agnes  Rukin  all  of  the  same.' 

EicHARD  FowKE,  M.A.,  1686—1692/3. 

He  was  instituted  Dee.  3,  1686,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  Carol.  Howard  Ar." ;  and  inducted  the  day  following. 
He  remained  until  his  death.  His  burial  entry  is  to  the 
following  effect :  — 

1692/3  ffebruary  19  Buried  Mr.  Richard  ffowk  Rector  of  Graystock. 

Thomas  Gibbon,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1693—1716. 

He  was  of  St,  John's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he 
became  B.A.  in  1688;  M.A.  in  1692;  and  S.T.P.  in  1714. 
He  was  instituted  to  Greystoke  in  April,  1693,  on  a 
Presentation  by  the  University  of  Cambridge,  which 
claimed  "  the  right  of  presenting  as  to  a  popish  living." 
The  Registers  say  that  he  "publickly  and  openly  in  ye 
time  of  Divine  Service  at  Evening  Prayer  did  this  7th 
day  of  May  1693  "  read  the  Articles.  For  some  reason  he 
resigned  in  1711,  but  was  reinstituted,  April  25,  1712, 
upon  "  the  presentation  of  Gilfrid  Lawson  esquire  grantee 
of  Charles  Howard  esquire  the  lord  of  the  manor."  ^  He 
was  a  personal  friend  of  Bishop  Nicolson  and  was  installed 
Dean  of  Carlisle  in  1713.  He  died  on  Oct.  24th,  1716, 
and  was  interred  in  St.  Mary's  Church,  Carlisle.  His 
letter  respecting  the  Sequestration  of  William  Morland  is 
given  elsewhere.^ 

1.  Parish  Registers. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  366. 

3.  Vide  p.  369. 


y.     SKELTON. 

This  is  a  large  sized  village  lying  some  six  and  a  half 
miles  north  west  of  Penrith  and  about  four  north  of 
Oreystoke.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael  and 
the  Registers  begin  with  1580,  the  following  being  a  list 
of  them  :  — 

1.  Baptisms,  Burials  and  Marriages,  1580 — 1647. 
2  &  3.  Baptisms  and  Burials,  1712—1753. 

Marriages,  1712—1812. 
4  &  5.  Banns  of  Marriage,  1754—1812. 

The  oldest  book  contains  not  a  single  entry  of  value 
for  our  purpose,  and  is  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition, 
besides  being  faded  in  many  parts.  The  following  is  the 
list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Leonard  Scott,  M.A.,  1598—1623. 

He  was  instituted  October  10,  1598.  ]!^icolson  and 
Burn  state  that  in  1607  Francis  Southwyke  sold  the 
advowson  to  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford,  and  that  a 
caveat  was  entered  in  1623,  on  the  death  of  Leonard 
Scott,  by  Sir  E.  Musgrave,  Knight.  This,  however,  did 
not  prevent  Dr.  Fearclough  and  the  other  Trustees  for  the 
College  from  making  the  next  Presentation.^  A  person 
of  this  name  was  at  Castle  Sowerby  in  1584,  and  Irthing- 
ton  in  1589. 

Leonard  Milburn,  M.A.,  1623 — 1647. 

He  was  the  son  of  Richard  Milburn,  Bishop  of  Carlisle, 
and  was  instituted  February  18,  1623.  He  had  charge  of 
the  living  at  Ousby  as  well  as  Skelt-on,  and  appears 
in  Walker's  list  of  Sequestered  Clergy,  though  that  writer 
says  nothing  about  his  "  sufferings  " ;  he  merely  links  his 
name  with  Skelton.     Nicolson  and  Burn,  however,  state 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  387. 


48o  The   Ejected   of  1662 

that  lie  was  "  ejected  by  Cromwell's  Commissioners  in 
1653."  ^  It  is  very  probable  that  this  event  took  place  in 
1647,  and  it  is  more  than  doubtful  if  it  ought  to  be  called 
an  "  Ejection "  at  all.  The  following  documents  show 
that  Leonard  Milburn  was  merely  requested  to  make 
choice  of  the  living  that  he  was  prepared  to  surrender, 
the  policy  of  the  Commonwealth  being  to  put  an  end  to 
Pluralism  as  far  as  possible.  It  would  seem  that  he  kept 
Ousby  and  gave  up  Skelton  :  — 

Ousby  and 

Skelton.  Mail  28.  1647. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  Leonard  Milborne  Incumbent  of  the 
sev'all  benefices  of  Ousby  &  Skelton  in  the  Countie  of  Cimib'land  It  is 
ordered  that  he  do  forthwth  make  his  eleccon  wch  of  the  same  bene- 
fices he  will  relinquish  &  wch  he  will  adhere  unto  &  reside  upon  And 
it  is  ordered  that  he  shall  have  all  tithes,  rents,  revenues  &  profitts 
of  the  sd  benefice  wch  he  shall  so  relinquish  hapening  arrising, 
growing  &  beinge  till  Easter  last  &  that  he  shall  have  &  enjoy  to  his 
owne  use  all  Corne  &  grayne  by  him  sowen  upon  the  gleab  of  the  said 
Rectorie  wth  libertie  to  enter  upon  the  sd  gleab  Cutt  &  carry  the 
same  away  at  such  season  as  the  same  is  ripe  for  cutting  &  Inninge.2 

Skelton  and 

Ousby.  Junii  19.  1647. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  Anthony  Wilson  It  is  ordered  that  Mr. 
Milborne  Incumbent  of  the  Sev'all  benefices  of  Skelton  &  Ousby  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  doe  make  his  eleccon  pemtorilie  wthin 
eight  daies  after  serving  hereof  wch  of  the  Benefices  he  will  adhere 
unto  And  it  is  further  ordered  that  the  sd  Mr.  Milborne  shalbe 
accomptible  for  the  profitts  of  that  benefice  wch  he  shall  relinquish 
wch  fell  since  the  23rd  of  ffebruary  last  on  wch  daie  the  first  order  of 
this  Comittee  was  grted  for  making  his  eleccon.3 

Ousby  & 
Skelton.  Sept.  8.  1647. 

It  is  ordered  that  Leonard  Milborne  Incumbent  of  the  severall 
benefices  of  Ousby  &  Skelton  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  both  the 
said  benefices  having  Cure  of  Soules  doe  make  his  eleccon  before  this 
Comittee  on  the  20th  daie  of  October  next  wch  of  the  said  benefices 
he  will  adhere  unto  &  wch  he  will  relinquish  or  else  signifie  such  hia 
eleccon  under  his  hand  by  the  said  day.^ 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  387. 

2.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

3.  Ibid. 

4.  Ibid. 


Skelton  48 1 

EiJSHA  Bourne,  1653. 

This  name  does  not  appear  in  any  printed  list  of 
Incumbents;  but  Elisba  Bourne  joins  in  the  letter  to 
Richard  Baxter  respecting  the  Worcestershire  Agreement 
bearing  date  1653.  He  is  there  styled  "  Minister  at 
Skelton."  ^  Foster  gives  two  persons  of  this  name  in  his 
list  of  Oxford  graduates :  one  graduated  M.A.  in  1649, 
and  was  the  son  of  Emmanuel  Bourne,  Rector  of  Ashover, 
Derbyshire,  1622^2 ;  and  the  other  took  his  M.A.  in  1627 
and  B.D.  in  1638,  becoming  Rector  of  Misterton  in 
Leicestershire  in  1642.^.  Either  of  these  would  fit  in  with 
Elisha  Bourne  of  Skelton.  He  removed  from  Skelton 
shortly  after  1653.  It  is  highly  probable  that  Samuel 
Bourn,  a  prominent  Nonconformist  Minister  in  Lanca- 
shire during  the  early  part  of  the  18th  Century,  belonged 
to  this  family.  He  also  sprang  from  Derby,  where  his 
grandfather  and  great  grandfather  were  considerable 
tradesmen.^ 

George  Tibbold,  M.A.,  1654—1661. 

His  Presentation  to  this  place  in  1654  is  referred  to  in 
the  following :  — 

Skelton  Rectory.  Know  all  &c.   the   16th  day  of  June  in  the 

George  Tibball.  yeare  1654  There  was  exhibited  &c.  a  presenta- 

tion  of  George  Tibball   Gierke  to  the  Eectory 

Geo.  Tibball  Cert,  as  of  Skelton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Made 

aforesaid  by  to  him  by  the  president  &  Schollers  of  Corpus 

Edm.  Staunton  of  Christi   Colledge  in  Oxon  the  patrons  thereof 

C.C.C.Pr.  Together  &c.  of  the  said  George  Tibball  of  his 

John  Conant  of  Coll.  holy  &c.  approved  the  said  George  Tibball  &c. 

The  Masters  Coll.  and  doe  admit  the  said  George  Tibball  to  the 

Ox.  Scol.  Rectory  of  Skelton  aforesaid  &c.  Incumbent 

Jo.  Milward  &c.     In    witness    &c  Dated   at    Whitehall    the 

Nod.  Sparke  17th  day  of- June  1654.4 
Tho.  Whitehorne 
Zach.  Boggan. 

1.  Rel.  Bax.,  p.    164. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Vide  Toulmin's  Memoirs  of  Samuel  Bourn. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  997. 

A  F 


482  The   Ejected   of  1662 

This  name  also  is  absent  from  the  lists  supplied  by  the 
County  Histories,  He  appears  among  the  signatories  to 
James  Cave's  ordination  Certificate  dated  1656.^  George 
Tibbold  removed  to  Asby  in  1661,  where  he  remained  until 
his  death,  ^  and  held  Thursby  part  of  this  time.  He 
seems  to  have  been  one  of  those  who  readily  accepted 
the  new  conditions  which  came  in  with  the  Restoration, 
though  probably,  as  in  the  case  of  many  others,  he  felt 
it  wise  to  appear  in  his  new  character  in  another  part  of 
the  Diocese. 

Leonard  Milburn,  M.A.,  1661 — 1673. 

In  June,  1660,  Leonard  Milburn,  like  many  others, 
presented  a  Petition  to  the  House  of  Lords  for  restoration 
to  the  Skelton  living.  It  is  written  in  a  beautiful  hand. 
The  following  is  a  copy :  — 

To  the  Eight  Honble  the  Lords 
in  Parliamt  assembled. 

The  humble  Peticon  Of  Leonards  ^lilborne 
Gierke  Master  of  Arts. 
Sheweth, 

That  yor  Peticonr  haveing  enjoy'd  the  Rectory  of  Skelton  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  for  twenty  and  odde  years  was  yet  notwith- 
standing by  the  unjust  powers  late  in  being  sequestr'd  from  the  same 
without  any  due  Course  of  Law. 

Your  Peticonr  therefore  prayeth 
That  ye  Tythes  Gleabes  and  other 
Profitts  of  ye  said  Rectory  may 
be  secured  into  the  hands  of 
some  responsible  persons  untill 
yt  the  Parliamt  take  over 
therein  or  the  Petionr  be 
restored  by  due  Course  of 
law 

And  yor.  Peticonr  shall 
pray  &c 

LENNARDS  MILBORNE. 

I  certify  that  this  Peticon  is  true  and  that  ye  Peticonr  was  outed  in 

1.  Vide  p.  664. 

2.  Vide  pp.  545,  1113. 


Skelton  483 

ye  tyme  of  ye  late  wars  without  any  due  Course  of  law,  although  an 
able  and  conscientious  Divine. 

William  Musgrave. 
Capn  W.  Musgrave  of  Clio  (?)  in  Cumberland. 
[On  the  outside  as  follows]  : — 

23  of  June  1660  The  peticon  of  Lennards  Milborne  Clerke. 
Expd.» 

The  Petition  met  with  success  and  Leonard  Milburn 
held  the  two  livings  again  until  his  death  in  1673.  In 
the  Episcopal  Register  in  Carlisle  appears  the  following, 
the  full  significance  of  which  is  not  clear :  — 

July    24.    1665       Absolutio    Leonardi    Milburn    ab    excoicacone    ad 

instantiam    Mri    Georgii   Buchanan    et    Mr.    Sampson    in  pntia    mei 

William  Yates  Norij  pub. 

Nathaniel  Cole,  M.A.,  1673 — 1683. 

DoubT;less  the  person  of  that  name  to  whom  the  following 
refers  :  — 

Carlton.  Julij  5.   1647. 

Referred  Nathaniel  Cole  Minister  to  ye  Assembly  for  the   Church 

of  Carlton  Com.  Bedd.2 

He  took  the  Engagement  Dec.  26,  1650 ;  and  was  in- 
stituted to  Skelton  on  the  death  of  Leonard  Milburn  on  a 
Presentation  by  Ric.  Busher  and  his  wife,  Margaret,  on 
June  23,  1673,  His  request  for  leave  of  absence  from 
his  Cure  for  some  time  is  dealt  with  in  the  following  from 
the  King :  — 

Mr.  Cole  to  Reverend  Father   in   God  Rt.    Trusty   and  Rt   well- 

be  absent  beloved    Wee    greet    you    well.       Whereas    wee    have 

from  his  Cure  given  (as  by  these  psents  wee  doe  give)  free  leave 
for  some  time.  Licence  &  pmission  to  Nathaniell  Cole,  Clerk  late 
Chaplaine  to  Our  I.  &  W.  Ralph  Montagu  Esqr.  our  late  Ainbr.  to 
ye  most  Xn  King,  to  goe  for  some  time  to  France  upon  his  private 
occasions  that  nearely  conceme  him,  wee  have  thought  fitt  hereby  to 
Signify  Our  will  &  Pleasure  to  you,  &  accordingly  to  direct  &  Require 
you  to  dispence  wth  his  absence  from  his  care  of  Skelton  in  our 
County  of  Cumberland  &  Our  Diocesse  of  Carlisle  during  such 
his  absence  for  ye  space  of  twelve  months  or  longer,  if  ye  necessity  of 
his  Occasions  shall  soe  require  hee  taking  care  &  prudently  providing 
that  during  such  his  absence  ye  sd  Cure  bee  supplied  by  an  able  & 

1.  House  of  Lords'  Library;  also  H.INLC.,  Seventh  Report,  Part  i, 
p.  107. 

2.  Add.  MBS.,  Brit.   Mus.,  15671. 


484  The   Ejected   of  1662 

sufficient  Person  where  in  assuring  Our  selves  of  yor  ready  Concur- 
rence Wee  bid  you  heartily  Farewell,  Given  &c  ye  7  day  of  Octob. 
1673.  By  &c 

Arlington.^ 

Et.  Kev.  Father  in  God. 

Whereas  wee  have  thought  fit  to  give  leave  unto  Nathaniell  Cole  late 
Mr.  of  Acts  and  Rector  ot  Skelton  in  our  County  of  Cumberland  within 
yor  Diocesse  to  travell  into  France  for  ye  space  of  one  yeare  upon 
certaine  his  occasions  which  wee  have  approved ;  and  being  yrfore 
pleased  yt  ye  sd  Nath.  Cole  do  not  incurre  or  receive  any  prjudice  by 
reason  of  Such  his  absence  Wee  have  thought  good  hereby  to  signiiie 
Our  pleasure  unto  you  And  do  require  yt  se  sd  Nath.  Cole  be 
dispensed  with  for  his  absence  from  his  sd  charge  for  ye  space  of  one 
yeare  from  ye  day  he  shall  depart  out  of  this  our  Kingdome ;  And  yt 
during  ye  sd  terme  he  receive  &  enjoy  the  full  profitt  of  ye  sd  Liveing 
as  amply  as  if  he  were  actually  resident  upon  ye  place.  Any  Law  Custome 
or  Statute  to  ye  contrary  notwithstanding  Provided  nevertheless  yt  ye 
sd  Nath.  Cole  do  leave  an  able  &  sufficient  person  such  as  you  shall 
approve  to  discharge  ye  dutys  of  his  Ministrey  during  his  absence.  2 

Dec  8th  '74.  Arlington. 

Nathaniel  Cole  ceded  in  1683. 

William  Ward,  M.A.,  1683—1711. 

He  was  instituted  April  3,  1683,  and  was  the  son  of 
Thomas  Ward  of  Kirkland,  Westmorland.  He  matricu- 
lated Queen's  Coll.,  Oxford,  Feb.  22,  1666-7,  at  the  age 
of  18  years,  graduated  B.A.  1671,  M.A.  in  1674,  and  was 
Rector  of  Hampton  Poyle,  Oxon,  1680-1683,^  whence  he 
removed  to  Skelton.  In  the  Will  of  Christopher  Rich- 
mond of  Catterlen  dated  June  16,  1693,  mention  is  made 
of  William  Ward,  Clerk  of  Skelton.  He  remained  at 
Skelton  until  his  death  in  1711.  Bishop  Nicolson,  writing 
in  1704,  says  :  — 

The  Church  Yard  is  ill  fenced ;  and  ye  Register-Book  (tho'  pretty 
old)  as  ill  kept  as  other  matters  are  by  Mr.  Ward,  ye  present  careless 
Rector.  ■* 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Entry  Book  31,  p.  119. 

2.  Ibid.,  Entry  Book  27,  p.  64. 

3.  Foster's  Ox.  Al. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  145. 


Skelton 


485 


In  his  Diary  he  is  equally  uncomplimentary  in  his 
references  to  him  as  witness  the  following,  under  date 
Aug.  29,  1705,  Wednesday:  — 

In  ye  Afternoon  Mr.  Ward  (of  Skelton)  pot-valiant,  solliciteing  for 
the  Vicarage  of  Sowerby  =  whose  petition,  himself  dismiss'd  wth 
Resentmt,  was  mention'd  to  ye  A.  Dn.  who  came  soon  after  he  was 
gone.  1 


1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  24. 


VI.     HUTTON-IN-THE-FOREST. 

This  is  mucli  less  a  village  than  a  Parish,  and  in  the 
immediate  neighbourhood  of  the  Church  few  houses  are 
to  be  found.  It  lies  about  half  a  dozen  miles  north  of 
Greystoke,  and  a  couple  of  miles  east  of  Skelton,  and  is 
quite  true  to  its  name.  The  Church,  a  diminutive,  quaint 
looking  ^structure,  is  literally  among  the  trees,  which 
abound  in  these  parts.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  James.  A 
peculiarity  about  the  Church  is  the  small  gallery  over 
the  doorway,  not  by  any  means  lavishly  furnished,  which 
is  set  apart  for  the  use  of  the  Yane  family.  Whellan  ^ 
says  that  its  Registers  begin  in  1643 ;  but,  if  any  such 
existed  in  his  day,  they  have  entirely  disappeared.  In 
the  oldest  book,  now  extant,  the  earliest  entry  is  1729. 
The  Incumbent  list  is  imperfect,  both  Histories  and 
Registers  failing  us.     The  following,  however,  are  known  : 

Anthony  Walkwood,  1569 — 1612. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  state  that  the  Presentation  was 
made  by  John  Middleton,  gentleman,  "  to  whom  Sir 
Thomas  Smith,  Queen's  Secretary  and  Dean  of  Carlisle, 
together  with  the  Chapter  had  granted  the  first  avoid- 
ance." 2  He  died  in  1612.  He  held  the  living  at 
Torpenhow  during  part  of  the  time  and  was  Prebendary 
of  the  Third  Stall  in  1577.3 

William  Lawson,  1612— 1646  (?). 

He  was  instituted  January  20,  1612-3.  Foster  gives 
the  following: — "Lawson  William  of  Yorks  pleb.  Christ 
Church,  matric  30  May,  1606,  aged  17;  B.A.  10  Feb., 
1609-10  :  perhaps  rector  of  Hutton  in  the  Forest,  Cum- 
berland, 1614,  or  vicar  of  Stainton,  Yorks,  1622 :  father 
of  Lancelot  1631."  *     This  Lancelot  is  said  to  be  son  of 

1.  Whellan,  p.  565. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  392. 

3.  Vide  p.  574. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 


Hutton-in-the-Forest  487 

William  of  Hutton  "  sacerd."  He  matriculated  Queen's 
Coll.,  Oxford,  4  Nov.,  1631,  at  the  age  of  18  years,  so 
that  it  is  safe  to  put  William  Lawson  at  Hutton,  as  late, 
at  least,  as  1631.  How  much  longer  he  remained  is  not 
certain.  It  is,  however,  quite  possible  that  he  was  here 
until  the  appointment  of  Thomas  Todd  in  1646,  in  the 
document  relating  to  which  mention  is  made  of  the  "death 
of  the  last  Incumbent."  A  person  of  this  name  appears 
at  Bewcastle  in  1580  and  Wigton  in  1592,^  though,  of 
course,  if  Foster's  conjecture  be  right  it  cannot  be  the 
same . 

Thomas  Todd,  1646— 1651  (?). 

His  appointment  is  given  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

Hutton.  Junii  27.  1646. 

Whereas  the  Rcctorie  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Hutton  in  the  Countie 
of  Cumberland  is  void  by  the  death  of  the  last  Incumbent  &  the  guift 
thereof  is  in  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  the  Cathedrall  Church  of  Carlile 
It  is  therefore  ordered  that  the  said  Rectorie  shall  from  henceforth 
stand  sequestred  to  the  use  of  Mr.  Thomas  Todd  a  god  lie  &  orthodox 
divine  who  is  hereby  required  forthwith  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  sd 
Church  as  Rector  &  preach  diligentlie  to  the  pishpners  there. ^ 

The    following    order    for   his    Institution    was    issued 
shortly  afterwards  :  — 

Sept.  24.  1646.  Ordered  &c  That  Mr.  Doctor  Aylett  or  his  lawful 
Deputy  are  hereby  authoriz'd  and  required  upon  sight  of  this  Order 
to  give  Institution  and  Induction  to  Thomas  Todd  Clerk  to  the  Rectory 
of  the  Parish  of  Hutton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland.  Salvo  &c  the 
said  Mr.  Todd  producing  his  Presentation  thereunto  under  the  Hand 
and  Seal  of  Francis  Sisson  Patron.  And  this  to  be  a  Sufficient 
Warrant  in  that  Behalf.' 

Walker  includes  him  in  his  list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy," 

and,    in   view   of   the   high   terms    used   of   him    in   the 

appointment,,  his  statement,  like  many  another  in  his  book, 

must  be  regarded  as  exaggerated.     This  is  his  account :  — 

When   he   was   before   the    Committee,   one   of  them,    who   was   a 

Tradesman,   undertook  to   Examine  him  in  point   of   Learning  :  and 

very  judiciously,  among  other  Questions,  ask'd  him  "  Who  was  the 

1.  Vide  pp.  292,  487. 

2.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

3.  C.  J.,  vol.  viii,  p.  503. 


488  The   Ejected   of  1662 

best  Interpreter  of  Scriptures?  "  and  "  Whether  he  vsed  the  Lord's 
Prayer  or  not?"  Soon  after  this  he  was  Sequestred,  and  one 
Jackson,  a  Bawling  Illiterate  Fellow,  put  into  his  Rectory ;  who  had 
This  and  another  Parish,  during  the  whole  time  of  the  Usurpation. 
Mr.  Todd  (with  others  of  the  Clergy)  was  also  Imprison'd  at  Carlisle  : 
And  the  only  Crime  alledged  against  them,  was  That  they  Baptized 
Children,  Visited  the  Sick,  and  sometimes  Preached  privately  to  their 
Parishioners  and  others.^ 

Thomas  Todd's  two  sons  were  Dr.  Hugh  Todd  and 
Thomas  Todd.  The  latter  matriculated  at  Queen's  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  March  28,  1683,  aged  17,  graduated  B.A. 
feb.  15,  1686-7,  M.A.  1689,  and  was  possibly  Yicar  of 
Corbridge,  Northumberland,  in  1709. ^  On  the  authority 
of  Dr.  Todd,  Jefferson  tells  the  following  story  of  the 
interview  of  Thomas  Todd,  senior,  with  Charles  II.  as  he 
passed  through  Hutton  on  his  way  to  Worcester  on  Aug. 
6,  1651:  — 

He  informed  Charles  that  he  had  been  ejected  from  his  living  and 
imprisoned  at  Carlisle  for  his  allegiance  to  his  Majesty  and  for  the 
private  exercise  of  some  functions  of  his  sacred  office.  The  king,  who 
looked  very  pale  and  pensive,  was  seated  in  a  coach  with  some  of  the 
Scotch  nobility,  intent  on  a  map  of  the  country  which  was  spread 
before  him ;  he  charged  him  to  continue  in  his  duty  and  expressed  a 
hope  that  better  times  would  soon  follow.  His  Majesty  was  guarded 
by  a  body  of  Highlanders.' 

John  Jackson,  1651(?) — 1660. 

In  all  probability  the  Jacksons  were  a  local  family.  In 
the  Parish  Chest  is  a  Book  of  Accounts  dating  back  to 
1646;  possibly  with  this  Whellan  has  confused  the 
Registers.  It  contains  many  interesting  items,  and  was 
the  work  of  Peter  Murthwaite,  doubtless  the  person  of 
that  name  who  subsequently  held  the  living  of  Gilcrux.* 
The  following  appears  in  it :  — 

A  Booke  belonging  to  the  Parish  of  Hutton  containing  the  Church 
Stocke  thereof  And  in  whose  handes  it  remaineth  with  their  several 

1.  Walker,  part  ii,  p.  375. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Hist,  of  Leath  Ward,  p.  425.  Whellan  in  his  History  has  mixed 
up  this  story  in  all  sorts  of  ways. 

4.  Vide  p.  732. 


Hutton-in-the-Forest  489 

obligations  for  the  same  June  the  xxiii  anno  1646.  Petrus  Murth- 
waite  strinxit  Josephus  filius  praedicti  Petri  sepultus  fuit  in 
Cometrio  (?)  ecclesiae  praedict  23  die  Junij  1616 

Deliver  this  booke  to  my  kinde  friend  Lancelote  Allisson  I  pray  you. 

Money  due  to  the  Church  Wardens  1650  from  [among  others]  : — 
Wid.  Walkwood  1.   15.  0. 
Wid.  Walkwood  Sur.  [Surety] 
1649  Jo.  Jackson  elder  10 — 0 
Jo  Jackson  younger  10 — 0 
Eliz.  Walkwood  1—15—0 
Bobert  Becke  Sur. 

1653  Uxor  Jackson  elder 

0 — xo  Sur.  her  Crope 
pd  in  as  appeares  by  the  Sixtine  men  : — [among  others] 
More  by  Widdow  Jackson  0 — 05 — 0 
More  by  Jo.  Jackson  0 — 10 — 0 

1654  Item  to  Mr.  Tod  xij. 

Widow  Walkwood,  whose  name  frequently  occurs,  was 
probably  a  connection  of  the  late  Anthony  Walkwood,  a 
former  Hector;  and  John  Jackson,  junior,  son  possibly 
of  Wid.  Jackson,  whose  surety  was  "  her  crope,"  is 
assumed  to  be  the  Rector  at  the  time.  The  late  Henry 
Whitehead,  in  his  interesting  paper  on  Church  Bells  in 
Leath  Ward,  says  :  — 

Subjoined  to  the  account  for  1653  are  items  collected  for  a  bell 
amongst  them  being  : — "  More  by  Jo.  Jackson  10—0."  The  last  name 
in  the  list  of  Collectors — John  Jackson — is  that  of  the  Minister  who 
had  superseded  the  rector  Thomas  Todd.  .  .  The  omission  of  his 
initials  from  the  numerous  company  of  initials  on  the  Church  bells, 
for  which  he,  and  perhaps  his  mother  (widow  Jackson),  collected 
subscriptions  seems  to  imply  that  he  was  not  held  in  much  account  by 
the  parishioners.^ 

It  will  be  shown  presently  that  this  latter  inference  is 
quite  unwarranted.  Walker  describes  John  Jackson  as  "  a 
Bawling  Illiterate  Fellow  " ;  but  that  is  quite  in  his  style. 
As  appears  elsewhere,^  the  person  responsible  for  this  was 
Dr.  Todd,  son  of  the  Sequestered  Minister,  who  so  largely 
assisted  Walker,  and  consequently  it  will  need  to  be 
considerably     discounted.       Calamy,     who     gives     little 

1.  Trans.   (0.  S.),  vol.   13,  p.  194. 

2.  Vide  p.  374. 


490  The   Ejected   of  1662 

information  about  Jackson,  quoting  Walker's  statement 
suggestively  adds  :  — 

To  which  I  can  say  nothing,  unless  I  knew  his  Vouchers.  Had  he 
been  cast  out  as  illiterate  upon  a  proper  Trial,  it  must  be  own'd  he 
would  have  had  his  Desert.  But  when  all  that  were  Incumbents  were 
cast  out  by  the  Act  [Uniformity  Act],  it  they  did  not  punctually 
conform,  it  is  evident  that  the  most  meanly  qualified  were  as  proper 
Sufferers  by  that  Act,  if  they  were  ejected  and  silenc'd  by  it,  as  those 
of  the  greatest  Abilities,  i 

Jackson  appears  as  one  of  the  signatories  of  the  Baxter 
Letter  of  1663,  and  he  joined  in  the  ordination  Certificate 
to  James  Cave,  which  bears  date  1656,  being  in  the  first 
styled  "  Pastor,"  and  in  the  second  "  Minister "  of 
Hutton.2  Along  with  Timothy  Tullie,  who  was  *'  Modr. 
pro.  Temp."  he  signed  a  request  on  behalf  of  the  "Associate 
Ministers  of  the  County  of  Cumberland "  to  Richard 
Gilpin  "  to  print  his  acceptable  Sermon  preached  this  day 
[May  10,  1658]  at  our  Generall  Meeting,"  and  styles 
himself  "  Scribe."  3  That  surely  dismisses  the  charge  of 
illiteracy;  a  position  of  that  kind  was  not  likely  to  be 
assigned  to  an  ignorant  person,  and  it  further  bears  upon 
his  character.  Whatever  opinion  his  Parishioners  might 
cherish  concerning  him  it  is  clear  that  he  was  a  person 
of  considerable  influence  and  position  in  the  Cumbrian 
ministry.  * 

What  other  living  John  Jackson  held  along  with 
Hutton,  as  stated  by  Walker,  is  not  known,  but  the  whole 
passage  is  so  obviously  charged  with  bias  that  little 
reliance  can  be  put  upon  it. 

Thomas  Todd,  1660— 1689(?). 

The  County  Historians  do  not  say  that  Thomas  Todd 
was  restored  on  the  Ejection  of  John  Jackson,  and  direct 
evidence  is  wanting.  It  is,  however,  highly  probable  that 
such  was  the  case,  especially  in  view  of  the  fact  that  his 
son,  Thomas,  who  matriculated  in  1683,  is  described  as 

1-  Calamy,  vol.  iii,  p.  227. 

2.  Vide  pp.   89,  664. 

3.  Vide  p.  105. 

4.  Vide  under  Greystoke  for  a  reference  to  him,  p.  474,  note  2. 


Hutton-in-the-Forest  49  r 

the  son  of  "  Thomas  of  Hutton,  Cumberland,  Cler."  A 
person  of  this  name  appears  as  Schoolmaster  at  Morland 
lately  removed  in  1657.^  Can  it  be  that,  as  in  the  case 
of  Robert  E-ickerby,^  during  part  of  the  period  of  his 
Sequestration,  Thomas  Todd  was  permitted  to  occupy  this 
position  ? 

Nicholas  Tomlinson,  1689 — 1695. 

He  was  instituted  July  29,  1689,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Carlisle.  The  Crosby  Ravens- 
worth  Registers  give  the  following  :  — 

Chrestenings  1654  March  Ann  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Nicholas  Tomlinson: 
ye  xiiii  day. 

Who  this  was  is  not  stated. 

Joshua  Bureow,  B.A.,  1695—1728. 

He  was  instituted  May  20,  1695,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion. The  vacancy  had  been  caused  by  the  cession  of 
Nicholas  Tomlinson.  Joshua  Burrow  removed  to  Asby  in 
1728.    He  was  a  nephew  of  Rowland  Burrow  of  Brougham.^ 


1.  Vide  p.  1186. 

2.  Vide  p.  658. 

3.  Vide  p.  1248. 


yil.     CASTLE  SOWERBY. 

Castle  Sowerby  lies  a  few  miles  from  Hutton  in  the 
direction  of  Hesket  Newmarket.  Tlie  Churcli,  which  is 
dedicated  to  St.  Kentigern,  is  one  of  the  most  isolated  and 
primitive  looking  in  the  County.  The  earliest  Registers, 
a  long  volume  in  parchment,  have  for  their  first  de- 
cipherable date  1621,  which  has  been  inked  over  by  a  later 
hand ;  but  this  is  on  page  3.  There  are  two  other  pages  of 
entries  which  are  not  decipherable,  evidently  beginning 
with  baptisms,  and  it  would  appear  that  some  pages  have 
gone.     After  1642  occurs  the  following:  — 

A  booke  of   all  the   Chrestenings  and —  Raughton   head   Chappell 
since —  years  ano  Dom.  1621  to  1643. 

The  first  volume  extends  to  about  1709 ;  and  the  Raughton 
Head  entries  continue  until  about  1672.  The  following  is 
a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Thomas  Scott,  M.A.,  1571—1584. 

He  was  a  native  of  Cumberland,  graduated  B.A. 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  March,  1553-4;  Fellow  of 
Trinity  1555 ;  M.A.  July  8,  1556 ;  Proctor  1560.i  He  was 
collated  by  Bishop  Barnes,  and  resigned  in  1584.  A 
person  of  this  name  was  at  Edenhall  in  1580.^ 

Leonard  Scott,  1585—1623. 

He  was  instituted  May  31,  1585,  and  appears  to  have 
held  the  living  at  Skelton  at  the  same  time.^ 

William  Fairfax,  M.A.,  1624—1646. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Jan.  18,  1623-4,  and  instituted 
May  12,  1624.  He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Fairfax  of 
Caldbeck,  and  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Richard  Tolson 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  439. 

3.  Vide  p.  479. 


Castle   Sowerby  493 

of  Bridekirk.  Nicolson  and  Burn  represent  William 
Fairfax  as  holding  the  living  until  1664;  and  that  is  the 
impression  which  Jefferson  creates,  but  both  are  at  fault. 
He  was  a  Pluralist,  having  in  addition  to  Castle  Sowerby 
the  living  at  Bolton,  Mealsgate,  as  appears  from  what 
follows.  Here  again  it  will  be  noted  that  no  attempt  was 
made  to  sequester  William  Fairfax ;  he  was  merely  called 
upon  to  surrender  one  of  his  two  livings,  and  it  was  the 
Castle  Sowerby  one  which  he  relinquished  :  — 
Castle  Sowerby.  May  2.   1646. 

Ordered  by  Consent  of  William  ffairfax  vicar  of  Castle  Sowerby  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  that  ffrancis  Palmer  minister  of  the  word 
shall  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  Church  there  and  enjoy  the  said 
vicarage  for  that  the  said  Wm  ffairfax  hath  also  the  rectory  of 
Boulton  in  the  Diocesse  of  Carlisle. 

Refr   ffrancis    Palmer,   &c    to    ye   Assembly.^ 

Francis  Palmer,  M.A.,  1646 . 


The  Registers  have  the  following :  — 

Eegistrum  plenu.  ac  perfectu.  omnium  baptizat.  matrimoniu.  iunct. 
_  et  sepult.  in  parochia  de   Castle  Sowerbye  Anno  dni  1646  ffrancisco 
Palmer  vicario  ibm. 

The  following  documents  deal  with  Francis  Palmer's 
Augmentation :  — 

Castle  Sowerby.  November  17.  1647. 

By  virtue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  pliamt  of  the  2nd  of  May 
1646  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearelie  rent  of  91i  reserved  to  the  Deane  & 
Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  tithes  of  Langanby  &  the  further  yearelie 
rent  of  21  &  14s  to  them  reserved  out  of  Motcherby  Blencow  & 
Penruddock  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  13li  &  4d  to  them  reserved 
out  of  Culgarth  milne  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  llli  13s  4d  to 
them  reserved  for  sevrall  of  their  possions  in  Skellinge  in  the  pish  of 
Kirkland  in  the  occupacon  of  the  widdowe  Hutchinson  &  the  further 
yearlie  rent  of  Hi  6s.  8d  to  them  reserved  for  other  of  there  possessions 
in  Kirkland  in  the  occupacon  of  Mr.  Crakenthorpe  &  the  further 
yearelie  rent  of  viijs  to  them  reserved  out  of  sevrall  of  there  posses- 
sions in  Penrith  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  41i  16s  8d  to  them 
Reserved  out  of  sevrall  of  there  pssions  in  Plumpton  &  the  further 
yearelie  rent  of  138  &  4d  to  them  reserved  out  of  there  possessions  in 
Cringledyke  in  the  occupacon    of    Wm.    Carleton    being    all   in    the 

1.  Add.  M8S.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 


494  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Countie  of  Cumberland  be  pd  to  &  for  increase  of  ye  maintennce  of 
>  ffrancis  Palmer  minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  the 
sd  Countie  the  pnte  [present]  maintennce  belonging  to  the  sd  Church 
in  the  best  tymes  being  worth  not  above  24li  a  yeare  And  the 
Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to  paie  the  same  unto  him 
Accordinglie  at  such  tymes  &  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  sd  rents 
shall  grow  due  &  payable  provided  that  the  Church  of  Langanby 
aforesd  be  in  the  first  place  provided  for  wth  a  Competent  main- 
tennnce. ' 

Castle  Sowerby.  December  1.   1647. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  the  17th  of  November  1647  grted  the 
jearelie  rent  of  91i  reserved  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of 
the  tithes  of  Langanby  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  2li  &  14s  to 
them  reserved  out  of  Motcherby  Blencow  &  Penruddock  &  the  further 
yearelie  rent  of  13s  &  4d  to  them  reserved  out  of  Culgarth  Milne  & 
the  further  yearlie  rent  of  llli  13s  &  4d  to  them  reserved  for  sevrall 
of  there  possessions  in  Skellinge  in  the  pish  of  Kirkland  in  the 
■occupacon  of  the  widow  Hutchinson  &  the  further  yearlie  rent  of 
11  6s  8d  to  them  reserved  for  other  of  their  possessions  in  Kirkland  in 
the  occupacon  of  Mr.  Crakenthorpe  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  eight 
shillings  to  them  reserved  out  of  severll  of  their  possessions  in  Penreth 
and  the  further  yearelie  rent  of  4li  16s  &  8d  to  them  reserved  out  of 
severall  of  their  possessions  in  Plumpton  &  the  further  yearelie  rent  of 
13s  and  4d  in  Cringledyke  in  the  occupacion  of  Wm  Carleton  being  all  in 
the  Countie  of  Cumberland  to  &  for  increase  of  the  maintennce  of 
ffrancis  Palmer  ^Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  the 
Said  Countie  ffor  that  the  said  sevrall  Sumes  are  otherwise  desposed 
off  the  said  order  is  become  fruiteles.  This  Comittee  doe  discharge  the 
sd  order  &  in  liew  thereof  It  is  further  ordered  that  the  yearelie  sume 
of  30  li  be  paid  out  of  the  rents  &  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectory 
of  Castle  Sowerby  afforesaid  wch  are  sequestred  from  Sir  John 
Bancks  Knt  delinquent  &  the  further  yearelie  Somme  of  6li  13s  &  lid 
out  of  the  rent  reserved  to  the  deane  &  chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the 
said  Impropriacon  tax  for  increase  of  the  maintennce  of  the  sd  Mr. 
Palmer  for  his  officiating  the  Cure  of  the  sd  Church  of  Castle 
Sowerby.  And  the  Sequestratrs  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to  paie 
the  same  accordinglie  at  such  tymes  &  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  sd 
rents  &  profitts  shall  grow. due  &  payable. 2 

The  Survey  for  1649  gives  "  the  present  Incumbent  as 
Mr.  ffrancis  palmer  Mr.  of  Arts  an  approued  good 
preacher,"  and  states  that  "  he  pays  yearely  to  the  crowne 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  325. 

2.  Ibid. 


Castle   Sowerby  495 

VIS  lijd  &  to  the  aforesayde  Earle  of  Amndell  iijs  iiijd  all 
whicli  afforesaid  &  viij  Acres  of  Grounde  are  worth  p  annu 
0411-10-00."  1 

Francis  Palmer  had  gone  before  1656.  Why  is  not 
known;  but  in  1661  he  was  collated  to  Aspatria.^  His 
name  does  not  appear  in  the  County  Histories.  For  his 
connection  with  Croglin  the  reader  is  referred  to  the 
account  of  that  place.  ^ 

Peter  Jackson,  1656 — 1660. 

The  County  Histories  also  omit  this  name.  His 
appointment,  however,  is  certified  in  the  following 
documents  :  — 

Castle  Sowerby.  ffebruary  26.  1655. 

Whereas  the  curacy  of  the  pish  Church  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  at  pent  destitute  of  a  minister  &  Mr.  Peter 
Jackson  Mintr.  of  the  Word  hath  applyed  himselfe  to  these  trustees 
to  be  setled  Minister  there  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Mr.  Jackson  be 
setled  Minister  of  the  said  Church.  Provided  he  first  procure  the 
approbacon  of  the  Comrs.  for  approbacon  of  publique  preachers  in 
that  behalfe. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri  Sydenham  Ra  Hall  Jo  pocock  Jo.  Humfrey.4 

Order 
ffeb.   26. 
Castle  Sowerby.  1655. 

Peter  Jackson.  Know  all  men  by  these  Presents  that  the 

six  &  twentieth  day  of  ffebruary  in 

Pet.  Jackson  Cert,  as     the  yeare  1655  There  was  exhibited  to 
aforesaid  by  ye  Comissionrs  for  approbation  of  Publique 

Preachers  An  order  of  the  Trustees  for 

Rich.  Gilpin  of  maintenance  of  Ministers  whereby  Mr.  Peter 

Greystock  Jackson  is  setled  in  the  Curacy  of  the 

Ran  Croxall  of  Parish  Church  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  the 

Kirkland  County  of  Cumberland  Together  with  &c 

Jo  Davis  of  approved  the  said  Peter  Jackson  &c 

Kirkoswald  doe  admitt  the  said  Peter  Jackson  to  the 

Geo  Tiball  of  Curacy  of  Castle  Sowerby  aforesaid  &c 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Surveys,  vol.  11. 

2.  Vide  p.  644. 

3.  Vide  p.  406. 

4.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  974. 


496  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Skelton  In  witness  &c  Dated  at  Whitehall 

Rog.  Baldwin  of  the  29th  day  of  ffebruary  1655. 

Penrith 

Jo  fiorward  of 

Bolton 

Rol.  Nicolls  of 

Acton 

Edw.  Winter.' 

Castle 
Sowerby. 

Know  all  men  by  these  psents  that  the  26th  day  of  ffebruary  in 
the  yeare  1655  there  was  exhibited  to  the  Comrs  for  approbacon  &c 
An   order  of   the   Trustees   for   Maintennce   of   Minrs.   whereby   Mr. 
Peter  Jackson  is  setled  in  the  Curacy  of  the  pish  Church  of  Castle 
Sowerby  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  together  &c  Dated  at  Whitehall 
ye  29th  day  of  ffebruary  1655-6. 
John  Nye 
Eegr.' 
Castle  Sowerby.  March  4,  1655. 

Whereas  the  Curacy  of  the  pish  Church  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  at  pret  destitute  of  a  Minister  &  the  care 
of  providing  for  the  same  being  in  these  Trustees  It  is  ordered  that 
Mr.  Peter  Jackson  approved  by  the  Comrs  for  approbacon  of  pub- 
lique  preachers  to  be  a  pson  fitt  to  preach  the  Gospell  &c  &  he  is 
hereby  appointed  Minister  of  the  said  pish  Church  &  authorized  to 
officiate  the  cure  thereof  by  diligent  preaching  &  instructing  the 
pishioners  there  And  that  he  shall  have  for  his  paines  therein  the 
yearely  Sume  of  ffifty  pDundes  out  of  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the 
Impropriate  tithes  of  Castle  Sowerby  aforesaid  the  same  to  be  accoted 
from  the  29th  day  of  ffebruary  last  &  to  be  from  time  to  time 
continued  &  paid  unto  him  for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  the 
duty  of  the  Minister  of  the  said  place  or  untill  further  order  of  these 
Trustees  And  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  receiver  is  hereby  appointed 
to  pay  the  same  unto  him  accordingly.  Provided  that  this  order  be 
first  intered  with  the  Auditor. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Pocock  Edw  Cressett  Ri.  Sydenham.* 

Both  Calamy  and  Palmer  give  Jackson  a  place  in  their 
list  of  Ejected  Ministers;  but  beyond  that  not  a  line  of 
information  is  supplied  by  them.  In  the  account  of 
Hutton-in-the-Forest  it  was   stated   that   John   Jackson, 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  996. 

2.  Ibid.,  969. 

3.  Ibid.,  972. 


Castle   Sowerby  497 

ejected  from  that  place,  was  possibly  a  brother,  or  close 
connection.  In  the  Presentation  Lists  appears  the  name 
of  William  Jackson  of  these  parts,  but  Avhether  a  relation 
is  not  known. ^ 

William  Fairfax,  M.A.,  (?)1660— 1664. 

It  would  appear  that  at  the  Restoration  William  Fairfax 
resumed  charge  of  the  living  at  Castle  Sowerby,  which  he 
had  resigned  in  1646  to  make  way  for  Francis  Palmer. 
This  he  again  resigned  in  1664,  as  the  following  shows, 
probably  because  of  age  :  — 

Acta  Resignationis  Gulielmi  Fairfax  M.A.  Vicarii  de  Castle  Sowerby 
Jany.  23,  1664.^ 

Edward  Waterson,  1664 — 1705. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Aug.  17,  1662;  Priest  Feb.  1, 
1662/3;  and  instituted  Mar.  1,  1664,  on  a  Presentation 
by  the  Dean  and  Chapter.  He  compounded  for  his  First 
Fruits  in  1665.  He  is  wrongly  given  by  Nicolson  and 
Burn  as  Waterhouse. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  says:  — 

The  Vicar  (Mr.  Waterson,  aged  79)  treated  me  and  Mr.  Fleming 
with  Oaten  bread  and  Butter,  pretty  good  beer,  and  English  Spirits 
of  18d  a  Quart,  together  with  some  hints  of  his  being  displeas'd  at 
John  Todd's  looking  after  his  place.  3 

He  held  the  living  until  his  death  in  1705,  the  two 
following  entries  appearing  in  the  Registers,  the  first 
being  probably  that  of  his  wife  :  — 

1690  May  8  buryed  Mrs.  Mabell  Waterson  affadavited. 
1705    May    the    13th    Bur.    Mr.    Edw.    Waterson    vicar    of    Castle 
Sowerby. 

Christopher  Whittixgd.vle,  M.A.,  1705 — 1719. 

He  was  a  Glasgow  scholar,  appointed  Minor  Canon  and 
Lecturer  of  St.  Cuthbert's  June  24,  1703,  which  position 
he  resigned  Nov.  23  following  on  being  appointed  Lecturer 
of  St.  Mary's.  He  occupies  a  very  considerable  place  in 
Bishop  Nicolson's  Diary  and  appears  to  have  been  some- 

1.  Vide  p.  1348. 

2.  Episcopal   Reg.,   Carlisle. 

3.  Miscel.,  p.   11. 

A  G 


498  The    Ejected   of  1662 

what  of  a  favourite  with  him.     Under  date  May  12,  1705, 

Saturday,    Nicolson   writes  :  — 

Early  in  the  morning,  Mr.  Whittingdale  with  news  of  Mr.  Water- 
son's  death  (I  was  presently  invited  to  ye  FnneraK  and  desireing 
Advice,   whether  he  sd  apply  for   Sowerby.     By  all  means.  ^ 

It  is  said  to  have  been  Whittingdale's  appointment  that 
somewhat  occasioned  the  trouble  between  Atterbury  and 
Nicolson.     There  is  another  curious  entry  to  the  following 
effect  which  follows  a  notice  of  a  "  Harangue  on  Damna- 
tion "  by  Whittingdale  on  Sunday,  Aug.  13,  1704:  — 
After  Dinner,   Mr.   Wh.   gave  me  a  long  and   surpriseing  Acct  of 
several  particulars  in  the  Tryal  of  Witches  whilst  he  was  a  Scholar 
in  Glasgow  :  As  yt  himself  had  seen  ye  Witch-mark  in  three  of  'em 
(in  the  Neck,  Thigh  and  Ball  of  ye  Legg)  discover'd  by  a  Highland- 
Wizzard ;   two   women  crawling  on  the   sides   of   Ashler-stone- Walls, 
ye  Laird  of  Bargarron's  Daughter  vomiting  hot  coals.  Knots  of  Pins, 
&c.   and   flying   round   the  Room ;   all   ye   Witches  unable  to  repeat 
after  him  ye  Lord's  Prayer,  or  to  renounce  ye  Devel ;  &c. 

Whittingdale  must  have  had  a  wonderful  imagination.^ 

James  Clark,  B.A.,  1719—1735. 
His  burial  entry  is  thus  given  :  — 
The  Revd  James  Clark  vie.  of  Castle  Sowerby  Buried  June  3,  1735. 

The  names  of  Joseph  Wells,  "  Clark  of  Sowerbye  Church 
1710,"    and    Thomas    White,    "  Clark,"    appear    in    the 
Registers ;  but  probably  they  were  only  Parish  Clerks. 
The  following  notes  of  collections  are  interesting :  — 

A  collection  for  presentinge  of  our  bibel  into  there  language  in  ye 
Great  Duck-dom  of  Lithuania  being  three  Shillings  Seaven  pence 
collected  ye  10th  day  of  January   1661. 

Aug.  6,  1671  Collected  at  Raughtonhead  Chappie  for  the  english 
taken  by  Turkish  pirats  7s  4d. 

Aug.  13.  Collected  at  ye  Church  for  the  same  13s   5d  ob.  [farthing]. 

This  place,  solitary  as  it  now  is,  was  once  a  comparatively 
busy  centre.  Hesket  Newmarket,  a  few  miles  away,  would 
suggest  as  much;  and  the  Registers  are  a  witness  to  the 
same  fact.  In  the  17th  Century  "  tanner,"  "  piper," 
"  Webster,"  "  shoemaker,"  are  names  which  frequently 
occur. 

1.  Trans.    (N.S.),   vol.   iii,  p.  8. 

2.  Ibid.,  vol.  ii,  p.  202. 


yill.     SEBERGHAM. 

Sebergham  is  about  seven  miles  south  of  Dalston  and 
eleven  from  Carlisle,  approaching  the  mountainous 
country  which  passes  into  the  Skiddaw  range.  The  Church 
here,  dedicated  to  St.  Mary,  was  formerly  a  perpetual 
Curacy  in  the  patronage  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of 
Carlisle.  It  is  an  ancient  foundation,  but  little  is  known 
of  it  prior  to  the  18th  Century.  The  earliest  Register 
Book  was  purchased  in  1705,  though  a  few  entries  anterior 
to  that  date  appear  in  it.  There  is  a  baptism  dated 
April  6,  1694,  and  another  under  date  1697.  These  were 
probably  copied  from  earlier  fragments,  or  gathered  from 
the  recollections  of  the  people.  The  Historians  do  not 
help  us  with  any  list  of  Incumbents,  and  only  a  few 
names  have  been  recovered  :  — 

Daniel  Heckstetter,  M.A.,  1648. 

This  is  an  entirely  new  name,  and  the  authority  for  it 
is  the  following  :  — 

Martij  27  1648. 
Sebraham. 

Upon  Certificate  from  any  members  of  pliamt  that  serve  for  the 
Countie  of  Cumberland  in  the  behalfe  of  Mr.  Daniell  Hextetter 
Minister  of  Sebraham  in  the  Countie  aforesaid  Concerninge  his  life 
&  Conversation  It  is  ordered  that  he  shall  have  the  Augmentation 
graunted  by  order  of  the  14th  of  June  last  for  increase  of  the 
Minister's  maintennce  of  the  sd  Church.' 

The  Commonwealth  Survey  for  1649  gives  the  following. 
Unfortunately  it  supplies  no  name,  but  possibly  the  Curate 
was  Daniel  Heckstetter :  — 
Rectory  of   Seburham 

pd  to  the  Curate  of  the  Church  of  Seburham  Tenn  poundes  p- 
Ann  10—00—00. 

ffor  Repairs  of  the  Chancell  p  Ann  xxvis  viiijd  01 — 06 — 08. 

1.  Bodl.   MS.  325. 


500  The   Ejected   of  1662 

ffor  breade  and  wine  for  the  Comunicants  att  Easter  ffortie  sexe 
shillings  eight  pence  02 — 06 — 08. 

to  bee  represed  out  of  the  Rectoryes  of  Castle  Sowerby  for  repaire 
of  the  Chancell  of  the  same  Church  xxxs  01 — 10 — 00.* 

For  Daniel  Heckstetter  the  reader  is  referred  elsewhere. 
The  Editor  of  Bishop  Nicolson's  Diary  in  a  note  gives  him 
as  Yicar  of  Irehy  1661 — 1686;  Rector  of  Sebergham 
1661—1695;  and  Rector  of  Bolton  1665—1686.2  This 
must  be  inaccurate  for  he  died  in  1686;  moreover  it  is 
making  him  into  a  very  serious  Pluralist,  and  it  would 
have  been  well  if  authorities  had  been  assigned. 

Thomas  Maison,  1656. 

In  this  year  he  appears  as  baptizing  an  "  infante  "  at 
Castle  SoAverby;  and  is  described  in  the  Registers  of  that 
place  as  of  "  Sebraham." 

Robert  Abbot,  1678/9. 

His  marriage  is  thus  entered  in  the  Wigton  Registers  : 
1678-9  Mar.  3.     Robertus  Abbot  Curate  de  Seburham  p.  lie.  Anna 
Munkhouse. 
Robert   Abbot   "  literatus,"   was   ordained   Deacon  Dec, 
1663,  and  Priest  March  17,  1668. 

Matthevt  Preston,  B.A.,  1684. 

Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary,  under  date  April  8,  1684, 
says: — "  Sebraham  given  to  M.  Preston."  3  He  was 
subsequently  at  Thursby.  4 

James  Kynneir,  M.A.,  1695. 

The  following  has  been  extracted  from  the  Registers  :  — 
The  Revd  James  Kynneir  A.M.  A  Scotchman  &  Rector  of  Annan 
in  North  Britain  before  the  Revolution  was  in  that  time  for  the  sake 
of  his  faith  deprived  of  his  liveing  &  so  came  to  be  Curate  at  Holme 
Cultram  under  jNIr.  Ogill  in  which  time  about  ye  year  1699  he  was 
nominated  Lecturer  and  Curate  of  Sebergham  by  the  Revd  and 
Worshipful  Dean  &   Chapter  of  Carlisle. 

In  Scott's  "  Fasti  of  the  Scottish  Church"  is  the  following  : 
Annan  168 —  James  Kynneir  A.M.  had  his  degree  from  the  Univer- 

1.  Lambeth   MBS.    Surveys,  vol.    11. 

2.  Trans.    (N.S.),   vol.    i,   p.   19 note. 

3.  Ibid.,  p.  9. 

4.  Vide  p.  545. 


Sebergham  501 

eity  of  Edinburgh  in  1679.  He  deserted  his  charge,  went  to  England, 
was  appointed  Curate  at  Holm-Cultram  and  to  the  Curacy  of  Seberg- 
ham in  1699  where  be  died  in  1733  aged  about  74.^ 

The  Episcopal  Register  states  that  he  was  licensed  to 
Sebergham  July  1,  1695. 

Under  date  Oct.  18,  1706,  the  Registers  have  the 
following  :  — 

Upon  view  of  the  Church  of  Sebergham  this  day,  I  do  hereby 
direct  that  the  pulpit  be  fix'd  under  the  south  window  in  the  body 
of  the  Church,  and  that  Thomas  Grainger  have  the  chief  Seat  next 
to  the  pulpit  and  that  Tho  Watson  and  Richard  Clarke  remove  to 
that  Seat  on  the  other  side  where  Robert  Simpson  and  others  now 
also  sit 

W.  Carliol. 

by  order  of  my  Lord  Bishop  of  Carlisle  Enserted  by  me  J  Kinneir 
Curat. 

The  Authentick  writing  is  also  affixed. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  refers  to  James 
Kynneir  as  "  an  honest  and  modest  Scotchman."  ^  He 
appears  somewhat  frequently  also  in  the  Bishop's  Diaries, 
and  in  one  place  is  reported  as  giving  an  "  Acct  of  his 
severe  usage  by  ye  Whigs  of  Annandale  in  1693."  ^  It 
seems  that  he  was  accustomed  to  do  duty  monthly  at  the 
Chapel  at  Raughton  Head,  receiving  "  5s."  for  each 
sermon  he  preached. 

Thomas  Denton,  writing  in  1687-8,  states  that  "  the 
Common  Prayer  was  read  in  the  Church  of  Sebergham  in 
all  ye  late  times  of  trouble  and  we  never  had  a  phanatick 
in  the  parish,  neither  then  nor  since."  * 

1.  Vol.  i,  pt.  2,  p.   612. 

2.  Miscel.,  pp.   11   and   12. 

3.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.   4. 

4.  Perambulation  of   Cumb.    in   1687-8,    MS.   f.    85,   quoted   in   "The 
Victoria  History  of  Cumberland,"  p.   94  note. 


IX.     RAUGHTON  HEAD. 

This  is  a  small  village  some  seven  miles  south  of  Carlisle. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Jude,  and  was  formerly 
a  Chapel  of  Ease  for  Castle  Sowerby,  whence  it  is  distant 
about  four  miles.  The  date  of  the  erection  of  the  original 
building  is  unknown ;  but  in  1678,  "  having  long  laid  in 
ruins,"  ^  it  was  rebuilt  and  consecrated  by  Bishop 
Rainbow.  Rebuilt  again  in  1760,  in  1868,  along  with 
Gatesgill,  it  was  made  a  separate  Parish.  The  Registers 
properly  begin  in  1716 ;  but  the  marginal  and  other  spaces 
of  an  old  Book  of  Homilies  have  been  used  for  irregular 
entries,  the  earliest  being  that  of  a  baptism  under  date 
1663.  The  Castle  Sowerby  Registers  contain  the  Raughton 
Head  baptisms,  etc-,  up  to  about  1672  apart  from  the 
exceptions  just  named.  The  Register  Book  of  1716,  being 
of  paper,  is  somewhat  dilapidated ;  the  edges  at  the  top  are 
worn  away.  The  Book  of  Homilies  is  extremely 
interesting  because  the  entries  in  it  are  much  after  the 
manner  of  those  which  appear  in  "  The  Ambleside  Curates' 
Bible."  2  As  in  that  case,  we  get  from  it  the  names  of 
the  Curates  who  served  here.  Unfortunately  they  are 
frequently  without  dates,  and  not  always  is  an  appellative 
attached  by  which  we  are  able  to  say  whether  the  person 
in  question  represents  a  Minister ;  but  the  insertion  of  the 
name  is  good,  though  not  conclusive,  evidence.  The 
following  is  the  list  so  far  as  it  is  known  :  — 

Robert  Rickerby,  1647. 

It  will  be  convenient  to  give  the  following  documents 
together,  though  Robert  Rickerby's  name  does  not  appear 
until  July,  1647:  — 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.   348. 

2.  Vide  p.  1051. 


Raughton   Head  503 

Sept.  26,  1646. 

Chappell  of  By   &c.    2nd   May   last.     It   is  ord.    &c.    yearely 

Raughtone  sume  of  301i  be  allowed  &  paid  out  of  such  of  the 

head.  profitts    of    the    Impropriate    Rectorie    of    Castle 

Rect.  of  Castle        Sowerby    in    the    Countie    of    Cumberland   as    are 

Sowerby.  Sequestred  from  Sr  John  Banks  del.  ffarmer  thereof 

under  the  Deane  and  Chapter  of  Carlile  to  &  for 

increase   of   the   maintennce    of   such    Minister    as 

this    Cottee   shall   approve  of    to    officiate    in    the 

Chappell    of   Raughton    Head    wthin    the    pish   of 

Castle   Sowerby  aforesaid  the  pnte  maintennce  of 

the  Minister    there    being    but    71i    a   yeare.     And 

the   Sequestrators   &c.' 

Castle  Sowerby.  Julij   19,   1647. 

It  is  ordered  that  Robert  Rickerby  minister  of  the  word  be  referred 
to  the  next  Classical  Presbiterie  in  the  Countie  of  Lancaster  who 
are  desired  to  examine  the  fitnesse  of  the  said  Mr.  Rickarby  to 
officiate  in  the  Chappie  of  Raughtenhead  in  the  pish  of  Castle  Sowerby 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland  &  to  Certifie  the  same  &  what  trial] 
they  have  of  his  guifts  &  abilities  pticularly.2 

December  j   1647. 
Chappell   ot 
Raughtonhead. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  the  26th  of  September  1646  graunted 
30li  a  yeare  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of  Castle 
Sowerby  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  as  are  sequestred  from  Sr 
John  Banckes  delinquent  ffarmer  thereof  under  the  Deane  &  Chapter 
of  Carlile  to  &  for  increase  of  the  maintenance  of  such  Minister  as 
this  Comittee  shall  approve  off  to  officiate  in  the  Chappell  of  Raughten- 
head wthin  the  pish  of  Castle  Sowerby  aforesaid  the  pnte  maintenance 
of  the  Minister  there  being  but  71i  a  yeare  It  is  ordered  that  the 
further  yearelie  summe  of  6li  18s  &  lid  be  paid  out  of  the  rent 
reserved  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  Rectorie  of 
Castle  Sowerby  for  a  further  increase  of  the  said  Minister's  main- 
tenance, he  being  first  approved  off  by  this  Comittee  And  the 
Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses   are   required   &c.3 

Dec.   15,   1647. 
Raughtenhead. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  the  26th  of  Sept.  1646  granted  301i  a 
yeare  out  of  such  of  the  pfitts  of  ye  Impropriate  Rectory  of  Castle 

1.  Bodl.   MS.   323. 

2  Add.   MSS.,  Brit.   Mus.,   15671. 

3  Bodl.  MS.   325. 


504  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Sowerby  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  wch  are  Sequestred  from  8r 
John  Banck  Delinquent  farmer  thereof  under  ye  Deane  &  Chapter 
of  Carlile.  And  the  further  yearly  Sume  of  61i  18s  lid  by  order  of 
the  first  of  Decemb  instnt  to  bee  paid  out  of  the  rent  reserved  to  the 
sd  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  sd  Rectory  of  Castle 
Sowerby  to  &  for  increase  of  the  maintenance  of  such  Minister  as 
this  Comittee  should  approve  off,  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  Chappell 
of  Raughton  Head  in  ye  parish  of  Castle  Sowerby  aforesaid  the  pnte 
maintenance  thereof  being  but  71i  p.  Ann  It  is  ordered  yt  the  aforesd 
sevrall  yerly  sumes  of  30li  &  of  61i  18s  lid  bee  allowed  &  paid  to  Mr. 
Robt.  Rickerby  the  pnte  Minister  of  ye  sd  Chappell  of  Raughten- 
head  :  And  the  Sequestrators  &c.^ 

March  13,   1648, 
Raughton  Head. 

Whereas  this  Comittee  have  by  Order  of  ye  first  of  Dec.  1647  grted 
the  yearely  some  of  6li  18  lid  out  of  ye  rent  reserved  to  ye  Deane 
&  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  Rectorie  of  Castle  Sowerby  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  for  increase  of  ye  maintenance  of  such 
Minister  as  this  Comittee  should  approve  of  to  officiate  in  ye  Chap- 
pell of  Raughton  Head  wthin  the  pish  of  Castle  Sowerby  aforesaid 
&  Complt  [ComplaintO  is  made  yt  by  reason  the  same  is  graunted 
by  order  of  ye  first  of  Decembr  1646  to  the  Minister  of  ye  Chappell 
of  Broughton  in  the  said  County  they  cannot  receive  ye  fruite  of  ye 
said  Graunt,  for  yt  it  is  now  alledged  yt  ye  same  arriseth  out  of 
the  pfitts  of  the  said  Impropriacon  wthin  the  sd  Chappellrie  &  ye  sd 
Chappell  of  Broughton  is  far  distant  from  thence  It  is  ordered  yt  ye 
said  order  of  the  first  of  Dec.  1646  as  to  ye  graunting  the  said 
Augmentacon  to  the  Minister  of  Broughton  be  descharged  &  that  the 
same  be  paid  to  the  Minister  of  Raughton  Head  being  first  approved 
as  aforesaid  unlesse  Good  cause  be  shewen  to  the  contrary  before 
this  Comittee  on  the  first  day  of  May  next  whereof  the  Minister  of 
Broughton  aforesaid  is  to  have  convenient  notice.2 

The  reference  of  Robert  Rickerby  to  the  Lancashire 
Presbytery  is  interesting,  and  suggests  that  Presby- 
terianism  had  established  itself  neither  in  Cumberland  nor 
Westmorland.  There  was  a  Robert  Rickerby  at  Cocker- 
mouth  at  this  time ;  but  whether  the  two  are  identical  has 
not  been  ascertained.  ^ 

1.  Bodl.    MS.    325. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Vide  p.  682. 


Raughton    Head  505 

The  following  names  appear  in  the  Book  of  Homilies, 
but  the  reader  will  need  to  remember  the  caution 
previously  given  in  relation  to  them :  — 

John  Bowker,  ]^o  date. 

Thomas  Rttmxey,  1673. 
A  son,  John,  is  named  under  date  Nov.  16,  1673. 

John  Ben,  1681. 

John  Sharples,  No  date. 

A  person  of  this  name,  probably  the  same,  was  ordained 
Deacon  Sept.  20,  1663.i 

William  Langhoen,  No  date. 

George  Simpson,  1700. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  and  "  Ludimag "  May  27, 
1700. 

The  name  of  Mary,  daughter  of  "  Geo.  Simpson  de 
Cowring  "  appears  under  ''  ff'ebr  2d  1672." 

BiCHARD  Wilson,  1705. 

The  following  also  is  from  the  Book  of  Homilies  :  — 

Glasgow 
When  Julius  Caesar  reigned  king 
About  my  neck  he  hang  this  ring 

And  whosoever  doth  me  take 
Pray  save  my  life  for  Julius  Caesar's  Sake. 
[Written]  [Richard] 

1705  Wilson 

Curate  de  Raughton 
Head. 

Elsewhere  he  says  that  he  "  entred  ye  16  day  of  September 
Anno  Dom.  1705."  In  the  Episcopal  Register,  however, 
Wilson's  license  to  the  Curacy  here  is  dated  June  20,  1709. 

William  Holme,  1713. 

His  license  in  the  Episcopal  Register  as  Curate  and 
"  Ludimag."  is  dated  22,  1713. 
Thomas  Richardson,  1717. 

He  is  called  Curate  in  that  year. 

I.  Episcopal  Register. 


5o6 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


Thomas  Weatherall,  1721/2. 

He  is  named  as  Curate  in  that  year. 

Isaac  Johnson,  1724. 

Richard  Mandevil,  1732. 

John  Parker,  1732. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  says :  — 

The  Chappie  at  Raughton  Head,  in  this  parish  is  supply'd  ordin- 
arily by  ye  Schoolmaster  there,  and  once  a  month  by  Mr.  Kanyer 
[of  Sebergham] ;  to  whom  the  Vicar  [Edw.  Waterson  of  Castle 
Sower  by]   (since  his  own  Infirmities  have  disabled  him  to  attend  it 

himself)   allowes   5s   for   every    Sermon   he   preaches The 

Interest  of  this  money  [£87]  and  6d  per  Quarter  of  each  Scholar  ia 
the  whole  Support  of  the  Reader  and  Schoolmaster ;  who,  for  ye 
present,  is  Mr.  a  Deacon,  and  Son  of  a  Neighbouring  Yeoman.' 


1.  Miscel.,  p.    12. 


X.    DACRE. 

Dacre  lies  about  five  miles  south  west  of  Penrith,  the 
Castle  of  that  name,  once  the  home  of  the  Dacre  family, 
being  still  an  object  of  considerable  antiquarian  interest. 
The  Registers  begin  in  1557,  and  are  in  good  condition 
except  the  1660  period,  where  the"  entries  are  much  mixed 
up  and  imperfect,  several  of  the  leaves  also  being  faded. 
A  feature  of  interest  about  them  is  the  "  Regester  of 
Dissenters,"  which  ranges  from  1696  to  1711.  They  have 
been  transcribed  with  a  view  to  publication.  Nicolson 
and  Burn  in  their  list  of  Incumbents  break  off  at  1591  and 
go  on  to  1724.  Jefferson  merely  copies,  and  Hutchinson 
does  the  same.  The  following  is  the  list  so  far  as 
obtained  :  — 

John  Brockbank,  1571. 

He  was  collated  March  21,  1571. 

There  was  a  person  of  this  name  at  Shap  in  1574 ;  and 
one  also  at  Beetham  in  1664.^ 

Richard  Sutton,  1574 — 1582. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Barnes  on  Oct..  20,  1574. 
His  burial  entry  appears  in  the  Registers  thus :  — 

1582   May   The  vij   Day  was   Sr.    Rychard   Sutton  vicar   at  Dacre 
buryede. 

William  Martin,  1582—1591. 

He  was  collated  January  31,  1582. 

Thomas  Wrae  or  Wray,  1591. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Meye  on  the  last  day  of 
February,  1591-2,  the  cause  of  the  vacancy  being  the 
death  of  Martin.  Foster  says: — "Wraye,  Thomas,  B.A. 
13  March,  1575-6;  perhaps  vicar  of  Dacre,  Cumberland, 

! 


1.  Vide  pp.  984,  1190. 


5o8  The    Ejected   of  1662 

1592,  and  vicar  of  Campsall,  Yorks,  1601."  ^  If  this  be 
correct  lie  must  have  been  a  Pluralist,  as  the  following 
Wray  entries  indicate  that  he  continued  at  Dacre  some 
time  after  1601 :  — 

1595  Julie  The  xiijth  daye  was  Jane  Wraye  Daughter  to  Sr.  Thomas 
Wraye  vicar  of  Dacre  bapt. 

1604  June  The  same  [21]  day  was  John  Wray  sone  to  Thomas  Wray 
Clarke  buried. 

1604  November  the  xi  day  was  John  Wray  sonne  to  Tho  Wray  Clark 
baptized. 

Doubtless  the  following  refers  to  a  connection,  if  not  to 
the  same  person  :  — 

1643  Sep.  the  xvij  was  Tho  sonne  of  Tho  Wray  bapt. 

The  Watermillock  Registers  also  contain  references  to 
Thomas  Wray  of  Dacre  for  the  years  1640  and  1683,  from 
which  it  would  appear  that  the  family  were  long  associated 
with  the  place. 

Leonae,d  Smith,  1648. 

In  this  year  he  was  buried  as  the  Registers  testify  :  — 
1648  May  the  15th  buried  Mr.  Lennard  Smith  pastor  of  this  parish. 

Foster  mentions  four  persons  of  this  name,  but  it  is  not 
certain  that  any  had  relationship  with  Dacre. 

RoBEET  Mawson,  1702. 

Possibly  the  person  of  this  name  who  was  the  son  of 
Samuel  Mawson  of  Hegatcastle,  Cumberland,  and  who 
entered  St.  John's,  Cambridge,  from  Sedbergh  Grammar 
School  in  1692,  being  then  18  years  of  age.  He  graduated 
B.A.  in  1695.2  A  person  of  this  name  was  ordained 
Deacon  Sept.  21,  1673,  and  Priest  Sept.  15,  1674,  being 
described  as  "  de  Penrith."  Writing  in  1704,  Bishop 
Nicolson  speaks  of  Robert  Mawson  as  "  the  late  Curate  " ; 
and  the  Registers  give  the  following,  which  doubtless 
refers  to  him  :  — 

January  22,  1702  was  Mr.  Robert  Mawson  Buryed. 
In   1669,   "William   Mawson  of  Timpaurin  gave  by   his 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Sedbergh   School   Register,   p.    108. 


Dacre  509 

Will  a  lease  of  the  tithes  of  Slegill  and  Thrimby  in 
Westmorland  to  the  vicars  of  Penrith  and  Dacre  equally 
between  them."  ^  The  stipend  of  Dacre  at  this  time  was 
only  £8  a  year.  Probably  the  benefactor  was  a  relative 
of  Robert  Mawson.  A  person  of  this  name  appears  at 
Muncaster  in  1707.2 

John  Holme,  1704. 

Writing  in  this  year,  Bishop  Nicolson  says  that  this  is 
the  name  of  "the  present  Curate";  and  he  continues:  — 

This  Liveing  is  a  Vicarage,  and  in  the  gift  of  the  Crown  :  But  the 
Endowment  is  so  very  mean  and  Scandalous  (hardly  exceeding  51i 
p.  An.)  that  none  have  ventur'd  on  a  presentation  and  Institution 
these  many  years.  So  that  its  still  held  (as  Kirkoswald  and  Shap 
likewise  are)  by  Sequestration.^ 

This  accounts  for  the  silence  of  the  Institution  Books. 
In  his  Diary  under  Mar.  26,  1705,  Nicolson  refers  to  a 
visit  of  "poor  Mr.  Holme  of  Dacre,  full  of  complaints.  His 
curacy  will  not  amount  to  above  lOli  nothing  being  to  be 
made  of  Thrimby-Tith :  But  he  has  a  clear  (Freehold) 
estate  from  his  Father,  worth  91i  per  an."  * 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.   ii,  p.  382. 

2.  Vide  p.  849. 

3.  Miscel.,  p.   129. 

4.  Tran.s.   (N.S.),  vol.   iii,  p.   1.     In  vol.   iv  are  several  other  similar 
entries. 


XI.    WATEEMILLOCK. 


This  is  tlie  name  of  a  district  rather  than  of  a  village,  on 
the  western  side  of  Ulls water,  appearing  in  older  documents 
as  "Wathermelock,"  "Wethermelock,"  "Wethermealock," 
and  under  other  forms.  The  Church,  dedicated  to  All 
Saints,  formerly  stood  on  the  margin  of  the  Lake,  upon  a 
spot  marked  by  a  venerable  Yew  Tree.  The  previous 
building  having  been  "  destroyed  by  the  Scots,"  a  new  one 
was  erected  about  a  mile  inland;  and,  in  1558,  it  was 
consecrated  by  Bishop  Oglethorpe  when  he  "  was  on  his 
road  to  crown  Queen  Elizabeth."  It  came  to  be  called 
■"  New  Kirk,"  and  in  documents  of  the  time  it  is  so  marked. 
Its  Registers,  which  date  back  to  1579,  have  recently  been 
transcribed  by  the  present  Rector  and  published.  In  the 
volume  also  is  a  "  Book  of  Paines,"  1610 — 1837,  together 
with  the  Registers  of  Matterdale  Church.  It  was  formerly 
one  of  several  Chapelries  belonging  to  Greystoke,  and  the 
Rector  of  Greystoke  still  presents  to  the  living.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  those  who  have  served  the  living  in 
so  far  as  they  can  be  recovered. 

— 1596. 


Robert  Pearson,  — 

In  the  Registers  is  the  following :  — 
1596  Aprill  The  xxxth  was  buried  Robert  Pearson  Gierke. 

Matthew  Gibson,  1596—1633. 

The  Registers  supply  the  following :  — 

June  Md.  yt  Math.  Gibson  Clark  did  enter  to  serve  the  Cure  heare 
at  Wattermelock  upon  the  xiij  day  of  June  Ano  Dnj  1596. 

1596  Julye  The  viij  day  was  wedded  Mathew  Gibson  Gierke  and 
Janett  Lamson. 

1596-7  Januarye  The  ixth  day  was  Chrestened  Edward  the  son  of 
Mathewe  Gibson  Gierke. 

He  appears  to  have  held  the  living  until  his  death  which 


Watermillock  5 1 1 

took  place  in  1633,  the  Registers  noting  the  fact  in  the 
following  terms  :  — 

1633  November  Thursday  the  xxviij  day  Mathew  Gibson  Gierke 
was  buried  who  had  lived  in  this  world  seventie  eight  years  and 
served  the  Gure  at  Wethermeiock  Church  Thirty  nyne  yeares.  The 
same  day  one  Sermon  was  preached  by  Mr  Willm  Morland  Minister 
at  Graistock. 

That  seems  so  far  to  be  clear,  and  yet  something  more  is 
needed.  The  Registers  during  this  period  contain  the 
name  of  William  Burton,  "  Gierke,"  thus  :■ — 

1618-9  Februarie  2.  Elisa  d.  of  Sr.  William  Burton  Gierke  was 
Ghrestened. 

1620-1.  Januarie  frydaie  The  xiith  daie  William  the  Son  of  William 
Burton  Gierke  was   Ghrestened. 

Can  it  be  that  William  Burton  was  assistant  to  Matthew 
Gibson  for  some  time?  That  seems  to  be  the  explanation 
of  his  appearance  here :  for  that  he  was  a  Minister  is  put 
beyond  doubt  by  the  "  Sir "  coupled  with  the  term 
"  Gierke."  The  wife  of  Matthew  Gibson  predeceased  him 
by  about  seven  years,  as  appears  from  the  following  :  — 

1626-7.  Buried  Jannett  w.  of  Sir  Mathew  Gybson  Glerk,  who 
lived  in  God's  Feare  manie  years,  and  died  in  good  name  and  report. 
15  February. 

After  the  death  of  Matthew  Gibson  the  Registers  are 
silent  in  reference  to  any  other  name  for  some  years.  In 
1641,  Lancelot  Dawson  "  came  before  the  Minister, 
Churchwardens  and  other  honest  men  of  the  Pishe  " ;  but 
unfortunately  the  name  is  not  supplied.  In  the  list  of 
Preachers,  however,  appears  the  name  of  William 
Dobson,  almost  without  break,  from  Sept.,  1642,  to  July, 
1643.  Probably  he  was  a  native  of  the  place  and  the  son 
of  John  Dobson,  born  July  10,  1609.  Whilst  the  name  is 
worth  noting  there  is  no  real  evidence  to  show  that  he 
was  more  than  a  temporary  supply. 

James  Cragg,  1660. 

Calamy  and  Palmer  give  "  James  Cragg  of  Newkirk  "  as 
an  Ejected  Minister  who  "  afterwards  conformed."  The 
insertion  of  such  in  Calamy's  list  is  the  least  satisfactory- 
thing  in  his  book.     It  is  apt  to  lead  to  serious  confusion. 


512  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Calamy  himself  appears  to  have  felt  this,  for  in  reference 
to  James   Cragg  he   afterwards  says  :  — ■ 

I  have  been  inform'd  since  my  last  Edition,  that  Mr.  James  Cragg 
of  Newkirk  (where  there  is  a  Chappel  belonging  to  Graystock  Parish) 
went  into  Scotland  and  there  Conform'd,  and  therefore  I  have  here 
left  him  out.^ 

Edward  Gibson,  1664. 

In  the  Transcripts  the  following  appears  :  — 

Burial  1664  Thursday  the  29  day  being  Michalmas  day  Edward 
Gibson  Curate  at  Wethermealock  Church. 

In  all  probability  he  was  the  son  of  Matthew  Gibson,  his 
christening  being  noted  under  Jan.  9,  1596-7. 

Thomas  Knott,  1669. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  20,  1665,  Priest  March 
11,  1665/6,  and  signs  the  Transcripts  in  1669.  There  is 
no  appellative  to  the  name ;  but  "  Churchwarden "  is 
written  against  the  name  of  John  Greenhow  who  signs 
with  him.  Thomas  Knott  was  certainly  not  a  Church- 
warden. Possibly  it  was  his  daughter,  Anne,  that  was 
baptized  Feb.  9,  1668.  A  person  of  the  name  appears  at 
Bampton  in  1672,  and  Ambleside  in  1694.^ 

Christopher  Sanderson,  1673. 

Matthew  Soulby,  1682. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  March  7,  1676/7.  His  name 
appears  in  the  Registers  the  first  time  under  1682,  and 
the  last  under  1698,  when  a  son,  Joseph,  was  baptized. 
He  was  subsequently  Curate  of  Greystoke;  and  was  at 
Bewcastle  in  1713.^ 

John  Breeks,  1698. 

He  was  licensed  to  the  Bolton  School  in  Westmorland, 
May  4,  1692;  ordained  Deacon  and  licensed  to  the  Bolton 
Curacy  Nov.  12,  1693 ;  and  to  Watermillock  June  18,  1698. 
He  sought  Priest's  Orders  on  Sept.  22,  1705,  but  Bishop 

1.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   161. 

2.  Vide  pp.  1057,  1214. 

3.  Vide  p.  295. 


\ 


"W"atermillock  5 1 3 

Nicolson  says  :  — "  Scandalously  ignorant — refused."  ^ 

William  Dawson,  1705. 
Bishop  Nicolson  says  :  — 

1705,  May  7,  Munday.  At  Dinner.  Onely  Mr.  Walker  and  Mr. 
Dawson  ye  Probationer  Reader  of  Wethermelock ;  who  promises  that 
his  future  behaviour  shall  be  good.- 

William  Dawson  was  ordained  Deacon  May  29,  1706, 
and  held  the  living  until  his  death.  His  burial  entry  in 
the  Registers  appears  thus  :  — 

1722  buried  Mr.  William  Dawson — late  Curate  of  New  Church 
July  8. 

The  Registers  contain  many  items  which  are  both 
curious  and  interesting.  The  following  may  be  regarded 
as  illustrations  :  — 

1612-3  Elizabethe  Clarke  Wedow  was  buried,  humated  and  sepulted 
Februarie  8th. 

Evidently  in  this  case  the  Clerk  wished  to  assure  posterity 
that  the  matter  had  been  "  well  and  truly  "  done. 

M.D.  In  this  yeare  of  our  Lord  God  1607  was  a  marveillous  great 
frost  wch  continued  from  the  first  day  of  December  until  the  xvth 
day  of  February  after.  Vlleswater  was  frozen  ower  and  so  contynuea 
from  the  vjth  day  of  December  vntill  the  xxijnd  day  of  February 
followinge.  So  stronge  that  men  in  great  companies  made  a  common 
way  vp  the  same  from  John  Barton's  dore  to  Fewsdaille  Wyke. 
And  men  of  Martindaill  carried  shepe  vp  the  same  on  at  Barton's 
and  of  at  Sharrowsande.  Men  went  vp  the  same  water  and  over  yt 
wth  horses  loaden  wth  corne.  Vpon  the  vjth  day  of  January  the 
younge  folkes  of  Sowlby  went  unto  the  mydst  of  the  same  water  and 
had  a  Minstrel!  wth  them  and  there  daunced  all  the  after  Noone. 
On  Shrovetuesday  being  the  ixth  day  of  February  at  Weathermeal- 
,  lock  was  a  Boone  fire  builded  on  the  Ise  and  matches  of  Shotinges 
shott  and  a  Pott  wth  aill  drunke  thereupon  and  Edward  Willson  of 
Benethead,  Anthony  Rumpney  Francis  Rumney  John  Castlehowe  and 

others  &c.  Churchwardens 

Oswold   Rumney    balif  John  Rewkinge 

Mathew  Gibson     Curate  Oswold  Gierke 

Anthony   Pattynson    Pish   Clerk.  Cuthbert  Slee 

John   Castelhow  of 
Greney. 

1.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  27,  vide  also  Bolton,  p.   1176. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  7. 

A  H 


514 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


A  particularly  interesting  feature  of  the  Registers  is 
the  insertion  by  the  Clerk  of  the  names  of  occasional 
preachers  with  their  texts.  They  range  from  1600  to 
1645  and  no  less  than  103  such  services  are  chronicled. 
The  period  almost  synchronizes  with  the  ministry  of 
Matthew  Gibson,  and  it  would  be  interesting  to  know  why 
these  outsiders  were  so  frequently  requisitioned.  The 
"  Parson  "  of  Greystoke  was  often  there,  and  that  presents 
no  difficulty  as  Watermillock  was  a  Chapel  of  Ease  to 
Greystoke.  Generally  this  sort  of  thing  may  be  accounted 
for  by  Pluralism,  and  it  is  quite  possible  that  on  these 
occasions  Matthew  Gibson  was  serving  other  parts  of  this 
wide  Parish.  At  any  rate  the  visits  of  these  preachers 
have  been  carefully  reported  in  the  Registers,  and  usually 
the  Clerk,  whoever  he  may  have  been,  indulges  in  a  brief 
comment  upon  the  performance.  He  tells  us  that  one 
"  did  preache  a  Learned  Sermon,"  indeed  that  was  his 
favourite  expression  for  these  pulpit  efforts.  As  the  list 
contains  quite  a  number  of  names  it  is  here  appended  as 
constructed  by  the  present  Rector :  — 

LIST  OF  PREACHERS. 


1.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,    Parson   of   Greystock 

2.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,  Parson  of  Graistocke 
"3.  Mr.  Robert  Troutbeck,  Mr.  of 

4.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,  Person  of  Graistocke 

5.  Mr.   Robert  Troutbeck 

6.  Mr.  Leonard   Lowther,    Parson  of   Graistocke 

and  Parson  of  Lowther 

7.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,    Parson   of   Graistocke 

8.  Mr.  Leonard   Lowther,    Parson   of  Graistock 

Psl.  xc.  12 

9.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,  Parson  of  Graistocke 

Lev.  xix.  11 

10.  Mr.  Leonard  Lowther,  Parson  of  Graistocke 

11.  Mr.  John  Teasdell  Hosea,  vi.  1 

12.  Mr.  Peter  Becke,   Vicar  of  Brumfielde     Rev.  vii.  13 

13.  IMr.  John     Teasdall,     Chaplain    to     Bishop 

Robinson   of    Carlisle,    and   Parson   of 
Graistocke 

14.  Mr.  John  Teasdell 


13  Mar. 
4  Mar. 
27  Dec. 

24  Feb. 

25  Mar. 

29  June, 
22  July 


1600 
1603 
1604 
1604 
1605 

1605 
1606 


22  Mar.  1606 


1  Nov. 
26  Mar. 

2  Sept. 
23  June 


26  Dec. 
3  Jan. 


1607 
1609 
1610 
1611 


1611 
1612 


Watermillock  5 1 5 

15.  Henry,   Bishop  of   Carlisle,   and   Parson  of 

Graistocke                                                        Psl.  xv.  1     14  Mar.  1612 

16.  Mr.  John   Teasdell,    Parson  of   Lowther  1  May  1614 

17  Mr.  Doctor  Robinson,  Vicar  of  Crosthwaite  19  June  1614 

18  Mr.  George   Hudson  24  Mar.  1615 

19.  Mr.  Lancelot  Dawes,  Vicar  of  Barton.         Jer.  iv.  1     23  Mar.   1616 

20.  Mr.  Samuel   Hilton,   Minister  of  Graistocke  30  Mar.  1617 

21.  Mr.  Hierome  Waterhouse,   Parson  of  Graistock  13  June  1619 

22.  Mr.  George   Hudson,   Parson  of  Kirckbride 

Psl.  1.  15     10  Jan.   1620 

23.  Mr.  Hierome  Waterhouse,  Parson  of  Graistocke  3  ^lay  1624 

24.  Mr.  Robert  Reade,  Preacher  of  God's  Holy 

Word  27  Aug.   1626 

25.  :Mr.  Robert   Reade,    Preacher  of   God's  Word  1  Oct.   1626 

26.  Mr.  Robert  Troutbeck  22  Oct.  1626 

27.  Mr.   Richard   Edmondsonne  7  Sep.  1628 

28.  Mr.  John  Winter  [doubtless  of  Clifton,  vide  p.  1240]     19  July  1629 

29.  Mr.  John   Winter  9  Aug.  1629 

30.  Mr.  John  Hastye,  Vicar  of  Penrith  23  Apr.  1630 

31.  Mr.  Hierome  Waterhouse,  Parson  of  Grai.stocke  26  May  1622 

32.  Mr.  Robert  Troutbeck,  Parson  of  Whitefealde  11  May  1623 

33.  Mr.  Richard   Kitchen  17  Aug.  1623 

34.  Mr.  George  Hugginsone,    Mr.    of  ...  .  13  June  1630 

35.  Mr.  Richard  Kitchen  12  Sept.   1630 

36.  Mr.  John   Teasdale,    Parson   of  Lowther 

Prov.  xxii,  8     24  July  1631 

37.  Mr.  John    Hastie,    Vicar   of   Penrith            Amos,  ii.     31  July  1631 

38.  Mr.  Samuel  Guy,  a  Preacher  Licensed    St.  Matt.  vi.  33     4  Dec.   1631 

39.  Mr.  John    Edmondson,    Preacher    of    the 

Word  of  God  8  Jan.   1631- 

40.  Mr.  Robert  Troutbeck,   Parson  of  W 15  Apr.   1632 

41.  Mr.  Robert  Troutbeck  3  June  1632 

42.  Mr.  John   Haisty,   Vicar   of   Penrith  ' 

1  Chron.  xxviii,  9     29  July  1632 

43.  Mr.  Samuel  Guy,  Licensed  21  Oct.  1632 

44.  Mr.  Richard    Kitchen,    Preacher    of    the 

Word  of  God  28  Dec.   1632 

45.  Mr.  Richard   Kitchen  2  Feb.  1632 

46.  Mr.  Richard   Kitchen  3  Feb.  1632 

47.  Mr.  John  Edmondson  7  Apr.  1633 

48.  Mr.  Edward  Wil.'^on  1  :May  1633 

49.  Mr.  Richard  Kitchen  5  May  1633 
60.  Mr.  William  Willis,  Schoolmaster  at  Penrith  30  June  1633 

51.  Mr.  —  Pearson,  Licensed  24  Aug.  1633 

52.  Mr.  William  Morland,  Minister  at  Graistock  28  Nov.   1633 


5i6 


The   Ejected    of   1662 


53. 
54. 
55. 
56. 
57. 
58. 
59. 
60. 
61. 
62. 
63. 
64. 
65. 
66. 
67. 
68. 
69. 
70. 
71. 

72. 
73. 
74. 
75. 
76. 
77. 

78. 
79. 
80. 
81. 
82. 
83. 
84. 
85. 
86. 

87. 
88. 

89. 
90. 
91. 
92. 
93. 


Mr 
Mr 
Mr 
Mr 
Mr. 
Mr 
Mr 
Mr, 
Mr. 
Mr 
Mr. 
Mr, 
Mr, 
Mr, 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 

Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 

Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 

Mr. 
Mr. 

Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 
Mr. 


.  Richard  Kitchen  15  Dec.  1633 

.  William  Morland,   Minister  at  Graistocke  15  June  1634 

.  William  Morland,  Minister  at  Graistock  22  Feb.  1634 

.  William    Morland  27  July  1636 

,  —  Brown,  Licensed  28  Aug.  1636 

.  Leonard  Smith  [possibly  of  Dacre,  p.  508]  26  Dec.   1636 

.  William  Morland  5  Feb.  1636 

.  Keiseley  27  May  1637 

,   William  Morland  13  Aug.  1637 

.  Philip  Addyson,   Licensed  29  Oct.  1637 

Henry  Drury  2  Feb.  1637 

,  William  Morland  10  June  1638 

William  Morland,  Minister  at  Graystock  2  Sept.  1638 

,  Nelson,   Licensed  26  Nov.  1638 

,  John  Bowe,  being  blind  3  Mar.  1638 

Braidley,  Licensed  28  Mar.  1639 

William  Morland,  Minister  at  Graistock  26  May  1639 

Braidley  24  May  1640 

William   Morland,    Parson   of   Graystock 

Gen.  iii.     21  June  1640 

Philip   Addyson,   Licensed  20  Sep.  1640 

William  Li.ster,   Licensed  28  Feb.   1640 

Richard  Kitchen  4  Apr.   1641 

William  Morland,   Parson  of  Graystocke  2  May  1641 

George  Troutbeck  23  May  1641 
William    Morland,    Parson    of 
Graistocke                                    St.  Matt,  xxviii,  6 
Francis  Bairefoote,  Licensed 


24  Apr. 
11  Sept. 
21  Sept. 

16  Oct. 
28  Oct. 
20  Nov. 

25  Dec. 
22  Jan. 

19  Mar. 


1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 
1642 


William  Dobson  Isa.  Ivii.   21 

William  Dobson 
William  Dobson 
William  Dobson 

William  Dobson  St.  Matt.  x.  16 

William  Dobson  Prov.  m  .  21 

William  Dobson  St.  James,  v.  16 

—  Head   [possibly  Thos.    Head  of 

Aikton,  vide  p.  609]  25  June  1643 

William  Dobson  23  July  1643 

—  Todd  [possibly  Thos.  Todd  afterwards  of 

Hutton,  vide  p.  487]  27  Aug.   1643 

John  Dickson,  Curate  at  Skelton  10  Mar.   1643 

John  Dickson  '  12  May  1644 

William  Morland,  Parson  of  Graistocke  16  June  1644 

William  Morland,  Parson  of  Graistock  18  Aug.  1644 

Braydley  15  Sept.  1644 


Watermillock  5 1 7 

94.  Mr.  Dickson,  Curate  at  Skelton  29  Dec.  1644 

95.  Mr.  Francis   Bairefoote,   Licensed  1  Jan.  1644 

96.  Mr.  William   Morland  13  Jan.  1644 

97.  Mr.  Richard  Kitchen  19  Jan.  1644 

98.  Mr.  John  Dickson  15  June     1645 

99.  Mr.  William   Morland  24  Aug.   1645 

100.  Mr.  John  Dickson  21  Sept.  1645 

101.  Mr.  Richard  Kitchen  26  Oct.  1645 

102.  Mr.  William  Morland,  Parson  of  Graistock  14  Dec.  1645 

103.  Mr.  Braidley  8  Mar.  1645 


XII.     MATTEEDALE. 

This  is  another  Chapelry  some  three  miles  east  of 
Watermillock,  whose  mother  Church  was  Greystoke,  the 
patronage  of  the  living  still  being  in  the  hands  of  the 
Rector  there.  The  building  was  erected  sometime  before 
1580  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Whereas  about  ye  eight  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth  the  Inhabitants 
of  Matterdale  did  petition  for  having  a  Church  att  ye  said  Matterdaie 
which  was  granted  in  Bishop  Best  his  time  with  a  proviso  that  they 
should  maintain  a  Curate  att  it  which  ye  said  Inhabitants  did 
promise  and  Ingage  to  doe.^ 

The  Episcopal  Register  notes  the  Consecration  under  date 
1580,  by  Bishop  Meye,  who  granted  to  it  Parochial  rights. 
The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  document  as  copied 
in  Nicolson  and  Burn's  History  (vol.  ii,  p.  370):  — 

To  all  christian  people  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come,  John 
by  the  providence  of  God  bishop  of  Carlisle  sendeth  greeting  in  our 
Lord  God  everlasting.  Know  ye,  that  at  the  reasonable  suit  of  the 
whole  inhabitants  of  the  chapelry  of  Matterdale,  complaining,  that 
by  reason  their  parish  church  of  Graystock  is  so  far  distant  from 
them,  and  from  the  great  annoyances  of  snow  or  other  foul  weather 
in  the  winter  season  in  that  fellish  part,  they  be  often  very  sore 
troubled  with  carrying  the  dead  corpses  dying  within  the  said 
chapelry  and  the  infants  there  born  unto  burial  and  christening  to 
their  said  parish  church  of  Graystock,  sometimes  the  weather  being 
so  foul  and  stormy  that  they  be  driven  to  let  their  dead  bodies  remain 
unburied  longer  time  than  is  convenient,  or  else  to  abide  that 
annoyance  and  danger  in  carrying  them  to  burial  as  is  not  reasonable, 
and  therefore  have  divers  times  made  humble  suit  for  remedy  of 
their  said  inconveniences  and  griefs. 

The  Registers  begin  in  1634,  and,  as  already  intimated, 
they  have  been  published  in  the  same  volume  as  the 
Watermillock  Registers.  The  following  are  the  only 
names  of  persons  who  are  known  to  have  served  the  Curacy 
here  during  the  period  with  which  we  are  concerned:  — 

Thomas  Wilson,  1601—1634. 
He  died  Nov.  2,  1634. 

1.  Matterdale  Registers  by  Mr.   Brierley,  Preface,  p.  iii. 


Matterdale  5 1 9 

Thomas  Beowxiugg,  1655 — 1665, 

He  appears  as  Curate  in  1655,  died  in  1665,  and  was 
buried  at  Matterdale,  though  no  note  of  the  event  occurs 
in  the  Registers.  Doubtless  he  belonged  to  a  local  family. 
Foster  mentions  Christopher  Brownrigg  of  Cumberland 
as  matriculating  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  May  T,  1602, 
at  the  age  of  16,  taking  his  B.A.  May  20,  1606,  and  M.A. 
July  6,  1607.^  A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Moresby  in 
1603.2 

Thomas  Grisedale,  1677 — 1718. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sep.  20,  1665;  Priest  March  11 
1665-6;  and  licensed  that  day  to  Matterdale.  He  also 
belonged  to  a  local  family  and  was  married  at  Greystoke 
on  Nov.  2,  1675,  to  Elizabeth  Grisedale.  Under  "Grise- 
dale" Foster  gives  Robert,  son  of  Thomas,  of  "  Crostor- 
mount  in  Barton,"  Westmorland,  as  matriculating  at 
Queen's  College,  in  1683,  at  the  age  of  19 ;  and  Thomas 
son  of  Thomas  of  Matterdale,  who  matriculated  at  the 
same  University  on  Nov.  24,  1687,  at  the  age  of  15  years. ^ 
Thomas  Grisedale  held  the  living  until  his  death  which 
took  place  in  1718.  His  burial  is  thus  noticed  in  the 
Registers :  — 

1718,  buried  Thomas  Griesdall  late  curate  at  Matterdale  1  September. 

Joseph  Clarke,  1719 — 1725. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  July  5,  1719,  and  licensed  to 
the  Curacy  and  the  school  the  day  after.  It  is  surmised 
that  this  is  the  person  referred  to  in  the  list  of  St.  Bees 
Scholars  during  the  Head  Mastership  of  Richard  Jackson. 
Concerning  him  it  is  recorded  that  he  was  born  "nigh 
Cockermouth;  went  to  Edinburgh,"  and  "was  a  Curate 
in  Greystock  parish  and  dyed."  ^ 

1.  AI.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  p.  805. 

3.  Al.   Ox. 

4-  "The  Grammar  School  of  St.  Bees,"  by  William  Jackson,  F.S.A., 
p.  7.3.  For  an  interesting  account  of  Matterdale  Church  from  the  pen 
of  the  Rev.  J.  Whiteside,  M.A.,  vide  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  i,  p.   235. 


V.    THE   WIGTON   GROUP. 

I.     WIGTON. 

WiGTON  is  one  of  the  larger  towns  in  Cumberland.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary,  and  the  Registers,  which 
begin  with  baptisms,  date  from  January  6th,  1603-4.  The 
earlier  volume  in  parchment,  rebound  in  cloth  boards,  is  in 
good  condition.  The  writing  is  minute,  but  clear.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

William  Lowden,  1572 — 1592. 

William  Lowson  or  Lawson,  1592 — 1612. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Meye.  The  Registers  give 
the  following :  — 

1606  Maye  ffrances  the  daughter  of  Willm  Lowson  viccar  of  Wigton 

bap.  the  same  day  [4th].  ^ 

He  removed  to  Hutton-in-the-Forest  in  1612.^  The 
burial  entry  of  his  widow  appears  in  the  Wigton  Registers 
thus : — 

Burialls  1649  April  Ann  Lowson  widow  late  wife  of  Willm  Lowson 
clerk  Bur.   12. 
A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Bewcastle  in  1580.^ 

Thomas  Warcop,  M.A.,  1613—1649. 

He  was  instituted  January  21st,  1612-13,  on  the  resigna- 
tion of  Wm.  Lowson.  The  Registers  contain  the  following 
statement  as  to  his  intentions  in  reference  to  them :  — 

WIGDONN   1612. 

At  my  Coming  unto  this  place  seeing  the  Christenninges  burialls 
and  weddings  Sett  downs  in  such  Sort  as  you  male  see  them  before 
by  which  meanes  they  could  not  be  written  in  the  booke  till  the  end 

1.  Vide  p.  487. 

2.  Vide  p.  292. 


"Wigton  521 

of  the  yeare  but  onelie  noted  in  some  paper  bycause  one  could  not 
know  how  fan  off  everie  leafe  or  leafe  side  the  Christeninges  would 
reach  how  farr  the  burials  and  how  farr  the  weddings  before  the  end 
off  the  yeare  were  come  and  the  number  Decerne  And  also  by  this 
meanes  the  names  might  be  left  badly  written  but  onely  in  lowse 
papers  Hereupon  I  thought  it  meete  to  make  a  place  ffor  every  one 
by  himselfe  for  the  easier  finding  them  and  the  Surer  Kepinge  ot  them 
being  in  their  right  place  Written  dayly  as  they  fall 
By  me  Thomas  Warcoppe. 
Ibidem   Vicarius. 

Thomas  Warcop  belonged  to  a  prominent  Westmorland 
family  and  possibly  is  the  person  of  that  name  who 
appears  at  Kirkby  Thore.^  Foster  has  the  following 
respecting  him  :  "  Of  "Westmorland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll., 
matric.  entry  8  June,  1588,  aged  13,  B.A.  21  Feb.,  1592-3, 
M.A.  7  July  1596;  vicar  of  Wigton,  1613. "^  His  marriage 
in  the  year  of  his  settlement  at  Wigton  is  given  in  the 
Greystoke  Registers  thus  :  — 

1613   Maried   Thomas   Warcopp   dark   &   vicar   of   Wygton  &   Els. 

Hodgson  of  this  prish  the  29th  day  of  Aprill. 

The  names  of  two  of  his  children  appear  in  the  Wigton 
Registers  :  — 

Christening  1614  September  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Thomas  Warcopp 
vicar  de  Wigton  xviiij. 

1617  Novemb.  Mary  daughter  of  Tho.  Warcop  vicar  of  Wig.  bapt. 
xi. 

His  last  signature  in  the  Registers  is  under  date  1649 
thus  :  — 

1649   April   Alice   daughter   of  John   Bell  and   Elizabeth   his  wife, 
bapt.  by  me  Tho  :  Warcop  7  day. 

The  Preface  to  the  "  Wigton  Monumental  Inscriptions" 

contributed  by  the  Rev.  J.  Wilson,  now  Dr.  Wilson,  says  : 

It   is  more   than  probable,    it   is   certain,   that /he   was   ejected   or 

silenced  by  the   Cromwellian  inquisitors,  as  a  study  of  the  register 

plainly  shows.  ^ 

Surely  that   statement   is   much   too    dogmatic.      That    a 

1.  Vide  p.  1165. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  P.  vii. 


522  The   Ejected   of  1662 

change  took  place  about  1649  would  seem  to  have  been  the 
case;  and  it  would  also  appear  that  Thomas  Warcop 
ceased  to  hold  the  living  about  that  time ;  but  neither  the 
Register  nor  anything  else  enables  us  to  say  definitely 
what  happened.  In  the  Churchyard  at  Wigton  is  a  tomb- 
stone bearing  this  inscription,  which  Thomas  Warcop 
himself  is  said  to  have  prepared  with  the  exception  of  the 
date  of  death  :  — 

Thomas  Warcup   prepar'd   this   stone, 

To  mind  him  oft  of  his  best  home. 

Little  but  sin  and  misery  here, 

Till  we  be  carried  on  our  beere. 

Out  of  the  grave,  and  earth's  dust. 

The  lord  will  raise  me  up  1  trust  : 

To  live  with  Christ  eternal  lie, 

Who  me  to  save,  himself  did  die. 

Mihi  est  Christus  et  in  vita  et  in  morte  lucrum.     Phil.   1.  21.     Obiit 
Anno  1653. 

That  is  the  reading  given  by  Nicolson  and  Burn  (vol.  ii, 
p.  194) ;  and  by  Bishop  Nicolson  (MisceL,  &c,,  p.  24). 
In  reference  to  it  however,  Dr.  Wilson  says :  — 

At  both  ends  of  the  tombstone  there  are  supplementary  inscriptions 
very  much  worn  and  difficult  to  decipher.  The  Rev.  W.  Lindop, 
curate  of  Wigton  [written  in  1892]  has  succeeded  in  reading  that  on 
the  east  side,  1  Cor.  xv.  54-5,  in  Greek  uncials,  while  the  lettering 
on  the  west  end  remains  undeciphered.  It  does  not  look  like  the 
Latin  of  Phil.  1.  21,  usually  given.  There  is  no  obscurity  in  the 
date— DIED  MDCLIIL' 

Hutchinson  records  a  tradition  about  Thomas  Warcop 
which  cannot  be  made  to  fit  in  with  the  foregoing.  It  is 
as  follows  :  — 

Warkup,  one  of  the  incumbents  of  Wigton,  in  the  civil  war  was 
obliged  to  fly  on  account  of  his  loyalty  to  the  sovereign.  After  the 
restoration  he  returned  to  his  cure  :  and  the  tradition  is,  that  the 
butcher  market  was  then  held  upon  the  Sunday,  and  the  butchers 
hung  up  their  carcasses  even  at  the  church  door,  to  attract  the 
notice  of  their  customers  as  they  went  in  and  came  out  of  church ; 

I 

1.  "Wigton  Monumental  Inscriptions,"  p.  vii  note.  Vide  p.  94  of  that 
work  for  a  copy  of  this  inscription  which  varies  slightly  from  the  one 
above  given. 


Wigton  523 

and  it  was  not  unfrequent  to  see  people,  who  had  made  their  bargains 
before  prayer  began,  to  hang  their  joints  of  meat  over  the  backs  of 
the  seats  until  the  pious  clergyman  had  finished  the  service.  The 
zealous  priest,  after  having  long,  but  ineffectually,  endeavoured  to 
make  his  congregation  sensible  of  the  indecency  of  such  practices, 
undertook  a  journey  to  London  on  foot,  for  the  purpose  of  petitioning 
the  king  to  have  the  market-day  established  on  the  Tuesday,  and 
which  it  is  said  he  had  interest  enough  to  obtain.^ 

Until  further  information  respecting  Thomas  Warcop 
i3  forthcoming  the  case  is  clearly  not  one  for  definite 
judgment.  It  is  quite  permissible  to  ask  if  the  tombstone 
is  to  be  trusted  as  to  date  of  death.  The  Registers  are 
silent  about  him ;  and  Walker  does  not  include  him  in  his 
list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy."  The  Warcop  Registers  record 
the  baptism  of  Thomas,  son  of  Mr.  Thomas  Warcop,  in 
1635,  a  member  doubtless  of  the  same  family. 

To  this  period  belongs  the  following  :  — - 
Wigton.  November  6,  1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  Dame  Katherine  ffletcher  Widdow  the 
late  wife  of  Sir  Henry  ffletcher  Barronett  It  is  ordered  that  noe 
desposicon  be  made  of  the  Profitts  of  the  Rectorie  of  Wigton  als 
Wigdon  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  for  increase  of  the  maintenance 
of  any  small  livinge  untill  the  petr  be  heard  concerninge  the  same.' 

Moor,  1657. 


This  name  is  inserted  tentatively,  for  it  is  difficult  to  read 
the  course  of  events  after  Thomas  Warcop's  day.  In  the 
old  Register  Book  are  a  few  long,  narrow  leaves  stitched 
together,  evidently  the  work  of  a  comparatively  late  hand. 
They  cover  the  years  1653  to  1657,  though  it  is  open  to 
doubt  whether  they  are  to  be  regarded  as  a  complete 
record  for  those  years.     Dr.  Wilson  says  :  — 

At  the  end  of  what  may  be  called  Warcop's  register  there  is  inserted 
a  miniature  register,  consisting  of  six  narrow  strips  of  paper,  begin- 
ning on  January  25th,  1653,  and  ending  November  7th,  1657,  which 
puts  in  evidence  the  civil  functions  of  the  Commonwealth.  A  few 
entries  will  suffice  : — 

1655  July.  Married  Richard  Richardson  &  Jane  Bouche  by  I\Ir. 
Barwise  &  Myself  at  ...  . 

1.  Hutchinson,  vol.   ii,  p.   479 

2.  Bodl.    MS.    323. 


524  The    Ejected   of   1662 

Bap.  John  son  of  Mungo  Smith. 

Jane  Bouche's  offering  day  kept  at  Wigton. 

1657  October  10.  Married  John  Smith  and  Jane  Eobinson  by  Mr. 
Moor. 

May  3.     Bap.  Geo.  son  of  Geo.  Clark  at  Kirkld  by  Mr.  Moor. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  Warcop  ceased  to  perform  his  duties 
as  vicar  of  Wigton  at  the  close  of  1649,  or  the  beginning  of  1650,  and 
that  the  parliamentary  official  reigned  in  his  stead  till  the  appoint- 
ment of  Chambers,  the  new  vicar,  who  came  in  with  the  Restoration.* 

That  passage  is  surely  based  upon  a  misconception  of  the 
position  of  Moor.  It  was  not  he,  but  Mr.  Barwise,  a 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  that  was  the  Parliamentary  Official ; 
and,  here  as  everywhere  else,  marriage  having  come  to  be 
regarded  as  largely  a  civil  contract,  his  presence  became 
necessary.  Mr.  Moor,  however,  was  almost  certainly  a 
Minister,  and  possibly  he  is  the  person  referred  to  under 
date  1655  in  the  term  "  Myself."  Certainly  in  1657  we 
see  him  performing  the  marriage  ceremony.  Whether  he 
was  a  neighbouring  Minister  or  actually  resident  in 
Wigton  is  not  known.  There  was  a  James  Moore,  Lecturer, 
at  Kirkby  Lonsdale  in  1642.^ 

John  Chambers,  1661 — 1674. 

Probably  the  person  of  this  name  that  was  at  Allhallows 
in  1650 .3  His  name  appears  in  the  Registers  both  with  and 
without  the  final  "  s."  He  was  collated  to  Wigton  by  Bishop 
Sterne  on  October  20th,  1661,  and  compounded  for  his 
First  Fruits  in  1662.  He  held  the  living  until  his  death. 
The  Registers  note  his  burial  thus :  — 

1674  John  Chamber  Vicar  buried  March  the  27th. 

Henry  Geddes,  M.A.,  1674 — 1715. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  on  September  15th,  1674,  and 
is  given  as  a  graduate  of  Glasgow.  •*  A  person  of  this 
name,  however,  appears  in  the  graduate  list  of  Edinburgh 
University  under  date  July,   1661.     Henry   Geddes  was 

1.  Wigton  Monumental  Inscriptions,  pp.  vii,  viii. 

2.  Vide  p.  877. 

3.  Vide  p.  572. 

4.  Episcopal  Register. 


Wigton  525 

collated  by  Bishop  Rainbow  on   September  24tb,   1674; 
and,  like  his  predecessor,  held  the  living  until  his  death. 
His  burial  entry  is  thus  given  in  the  Registers  :  — 
Henricus  Geddes  Vicarius  de  Wigton  Julij  1,  1715  [bur.]. 

Bishop   Nicolson,   in   1703,   refers  to  him   as  "  a   con- 
scientious good  man."  ^ 

The  following  Presentments  appear  in  the  Transcrijjts 
under  date  1679  :  — 

Jo  :  Watson  and  his  wife  for  not  repaireinge  to  the  church. 

Christopher  Browne  and  his  wife  for  the  like. 

Jo  :   Horner  and  his  wife  for  the  like. 

Jo  :  Jackson  for  the  same. 

James  Adamson  and  his  wife  and  his  daughter  for  the  like. 

John  Eeede  and  his  servant  for  the  like. 

Robert  Scott  and  his  wife  for  the  like. 

Wid  :  Hammond  for  the  like. 

Arthur  Borrowdale  and  his  wife  for  the  like. 

Wm  Pattinson  and  his  wife  for  the  like. 

The  wife  of  Matthew  Richardson  for  the  same. 

ffrancis  Richardson  and  John  and  Edward  his  sons  for  the  same. 

George  White  and  his  wife  for  the  same. 

John  Richardson  and  4  servants  for  the  same. 

John  Richardson  of  ilaines  for  the  like. 

John  Seanhouse  his  son  and  servant  for  the  same. 

John  Key  and  his  wife  for  same. 

Thomas  Ismay  and  Elizabeth  Bone  for  the  same. 

David  Palmer  and  his  wife  for  the  same. 

Matthewe  Birkby  and  Ann  Messenger  for  fornication. 

Janett  Poole  for  fornication. 

The  vicarage  not  in  repaire. 

Adam  Barnes 

Tho  :  Robinson 

Tho  :  Rooke  Churchwardens.  2 

Jo  :  Rooke 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  23;   vide  also  Diary,  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  180. 
2-  Wigton  Monumental  Inscriptions,  Preface,  p.  viii. 


II.     WESTWARD. 

This  place  is  about  four  miles  south  of  Wigton.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Hilda.  The  earliest  Registers 
consist  of  sheets  of  parchment  of  unequal  length  stitched 
together,  parts  of  pages  having  been  cut  away.  In  many- 
places  the  ink  is  faded,  and  the  earliest  decipherable  date 
is  1605.  This  has  been  inked  over  by  a  late  hand.  In 
the  forties  of  that  Century  the  leaves  are  much  mutilated ; 
in  1656  there  are  two  or  three  entries,  presumably  of 
burials.  There  are  four  sets  of  parchments;  and,  though 
the  writing  is  decipherable,  they  have  suffered  greatly 
from  damp  as  well  as  from  the  knife.  A  break  occurs 
from  about  1679  to  1700.  The  County  Histories  do  not 
help  us  with  any  list  of  Incumbents,  but  the  following 
names  have  been  recovered :  — 

CUTHBERT   TiFFINE,    1620—1648. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  in  1600,  and  how  long  he  had 
been  at  Westward  previous  to  1620,  the  first  date  of  his 
appearance  in  the  Registers,  is  not  known.  The  Tifiines 
or  Tyffines  were  numerous  in  this  neighbourhood ;  and  the 
following  are  supplied  by  the  Registers  :  — 

Item.  The  11th  of  May  was  Sr.  Cuthbert  Tyffine  Clarke  minister 
at  Westward  &  Jane  Jackeson  of  Brigend  laite  of  Wigdon  wedded 
at  Westward  Anno  Dmi.  1620. 

Item  The  xxth  of  August  was  Mabell  dowghter  of  Sr  Cuthbert 
Tyffine  minister  of  Westward  Baptized  Anno  Dom.  1620. 

Item  The  xth  of  ifebruarie  was  John  the  sonne  of  Cuthbt  Tifiine 
Minister  of  Westward  baptized  anno  Dom  1621. 

Item.  The  xxiijth  of  March  was  John  ye  sonne  of  Cuthbert  Tiffin 
minister  of  Westward  buryed  Anno  Dom.  1622. 

Item.  The  xxth  of  July  was  Cuthbert  the  sonne  of  Cuthbert  Tiffin 
Clark  minister  of  Westward  baptized  Anno  Dom.  1623. 

Item.  The  vith  of  ffebruarie  was  Richard  the  sonne  of  Cuthbert 
Tiffine  Minister  of  Westward  baptized  Anno  Dom.   1625. 

[Cut  away]  Januarie  was  Marie  the  dowghter  of  Cuthbert  Tiffine 
Clarke  .  .  .  1634. 


Westward  527 

The  following  document  relates  to  the  Augmentation  of 
the  Minister's  stipend,  and  though  the  name  is  withheld 
it  would  be  that  of  Cuthbert  Tiffine :  — 

Cumberland.  Att  &c.  Decembr  7th  Anno  Dni.   1646. 

By  vertue  &c  yearely  rent  of  Twenty  one  pounds  reserved  to  the 
Deane  and  Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  the  Impropriate  Rectory  of 
Kirkland  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  the  further  sume  of  sixe 
pounds  a  yeare  more  to  them  reserved  out  of  the  Tythes  of  Westward 
in  the  said  County  and  the  further  sume  of  Eleaven  pounds  a  yeare  to 
them  reserved  out  of  severall  of  their  possessions  in  Briscoe  in  the 
sayd  County  And  the  further  Sumes  of  Three  poundes  and  eight 
shillings  a  yeare  payable  by  Bernard  Robinson  to  ye  sayd  Deane  and 
Chapter  and  of  three  pounds  eight  shillings  a  yeare  to  them  payable 
by  widowe  Heckstetter  And  of  three  pounds  and  eight  shillings  a 
yeare  to  them  payable  by  ffrancis  Sisson  and  of  Three  pounds  and 
eight  shillings  to  them  payable  for  Meale  Garners  to  the  sayd  Deane 
&  Chapter  bee  payd  to  and  for  increase  of  the  maintenance  id  ye 
Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Westward  in  the  sayd  County  his 
psent  maintenance  being  but  eight  pounds  p.  annu  and  the  Seques- 
trators &c  payable. 

Gilbert  Millington.' 

Two  years  after  this  Cuthbert  Tiffine  died,  his  burial 
entry  being  in  the  following  words  :  — 

Item.  The  23  of  October  1648  was  Cuthbert  Tiffine  Minister  of 
Westward  buried. 

Cuthbert  Tiffine,  1649. 

He  was  the  son  of  his  immediate  predecessor,  being 
baptized  July  20,  1623.  The  Commonwealth  Survey  for 
1649  is  the  authority  for  the  insertion  of  his  name,  and 
in  reference  to  him  we  have  the  following  from  that 
source  :  — 

Parcell  of  the  Rectorye  of  St.  Maryes  [Carlisle]. 
Westward — 

All  which  aforesayde  tythe  corne  &c  are  nowe  in  the  possession  of 
Cuthberte  Tiffine  Minister  of  the  Westward  and  Successr  of  the 
aforesaid   Cuthbert  Tiffin— Olli— 00s— OOd. 

Memorandum  that  the  aforesayde  Cuthberte  Tiffin  Curate  of  the 
West  warde  wthin  the  County  of  Cumberland  by  Indenture  of  Lease 
dated  the  vijth  daye  of  August  in  the  xiiijth  yeare  of  the  late  Kinge 
Charles    Graunted    by   Thomas    Cumber   Deane   and    the    Chapter   of 

1.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  F.  1,  p.  298  (Record  Office). 


528  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Carlyle  holde  All  ye  last  mentioned  premisses  to  them  &  theire 
Successors  from  the  date  for  the  terme  of  xxitie  yeares  yeilding  and 
payeing  therefore  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  &  their  Successors  the 
Annual  rent  of  two  shillings  att  the  feast  of  St.  Martin  the  Beshoppe 
in  Winter  onely  or  within  xxtie  dayes  :  But  are  worthe  uppon 
Improuement  overe  &  aboue  ye  sayd  Rent 
Comunibus  Annis— 00— 18 — 00 

ffor  none  paymt  of  the  Rent  att  the  appointed  times 
the  lease  to  bee  voyde 

Then  to  come  of  ye  lease  ye  vijth  of  August  1649 
Ten  yeares. 

Again  : 

Parcell  of  Rectory  of  St.  Maryes  in  Carlile. 

Tythe  piggs  of  ye  forrest  of  Inglewood  and  Westward  before  leased 
to  Cuthbert  Tyffin  Clearke — now  in  possession  of  John  Thompson, 
Thomas  Andrewes,  Robarte  Dalton,  Edward  Guye,  Abraham  Dobson, 
Richard  Sims,  Edward  James  and  Ralph  Waterhouse,  Clarka  and 
petty  Cannons  or  theire  assignes.* 

Evidently  Cuthbert  Tiffine,  the  younger,  was  here  only 
a  short  time,  and  what  led  to  his  removal  is  not  known. 

Bradshaw,  1651. 


This  is  given  on  the  authority  of  William  Lampit.^ 
ISTo  information  has  been  obtained  respecting  him. 

James  Steward,  1655—1669/70. 

The  Registers  for  1656  give  two  or  three  entries, 
probably  of  burials;  but  the  page  is  badly  cut.     These 

are  followed  thus :  — " daughter  borne  &  not  bapt. 

by  any  minister,"  possibly  because  base  born.  In  the 
same  year  also  is  a  marriage  entry,  again  seriously 
mutilated;  but  from  it  the  following  fragment  has  been 
recovered  :  — 

[Probably  Justice  of  P.]  eace  and  by  James  Stewart  a  minister. 

Doubtless  this  is  the  person  that  appears  as  Minister  of 
Torpenhow   in    1646.^    It   would   seem    that  during    his 

1.  The  Commonwealth  Church  Survey  for  1649,  vol.  ii  (Lambeth 
Library).  This  is  a  very  bulky  volume  and  about  one  third  of  it  is 
occupied  with  Cumberland  and  Westmorland.  It  is  well  worth  printing 
after  the  fashion  of  the  Survey  for  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  for  the 
same  period  by  the  Record  Society. 

2.  Vide  p.  623. 

3.  Vide  p.  579. 


Westward  529 

ministry  at  Westward  he  gave  considerable  assistance  to 
the  Wigton  Church;  and  it  is  the  Registers  there  which 
go  far  to  establish  a  continuous  ministry  for  him  at  West- 
ward, during  all  the  changes  of  these  times.  The  follow- 
ing entries  appear  in  the  Wigton  Registers,  and,  beside 
other  things,  they  throw  light  upon  the  point  raised  by 
Dr.  Wilson  in  reference  to  the  conducting  of  marriage 
and  other  services  during  the  Commonwealth  time  :  — 
August  5  1656 

Bapd.  by  Mr.   Steward of  Miller  (!)  of  Kirkland. 

1656-7  ffebruary  1.  Bap.  ffrances  d.  of  Jno  Caxton  by  Mr.  Moor 
and  Marrd  Tho.  Messenger  &  Janet  Osmotherly  by  Mr.  Jno.  Barwise 
Esq.  Justice  of  the  peace  and  Mr.  James  Steward  Minister  of  West- 
ward. 

1657  June  15  Marrd  Wm.  Clark  and  Catherine  Hobson  by  Mr, 
Barwise  Esq.  and  Mr.  James  Steward  Minister. 

He  remained  here  until  his  death,  and  his  burial  entry  is 
thus  given  :  — 

1669 — 70  The  24  day  of  January  Mr.  James  Steward  vicar  of  Westd 
buryed.' 

William  Robinson,  1671 — 1700. 

He    was    ordained    Deacon    Sep.    20,    1665,    and    Priest 
March  11,  1665-6.     The  Registers  give  the  following:  — 
1671  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Mr.  Will.  Robinson  Curate  of  Westward 

bap.  Aug.  24  nat.   2  day  id.  mensis. 

On   the   outside   of   volume   iii.    of   the   Registers,   which 
begins   about   1700,  just   decipherable   are   the   words:  — 
Mr.   William  Robinson  ....  [Minister  presumably   buried]. 

Thomas  Holme,  1699—1711. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  here  on  Nov.  30,  1699. 
Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  speaks  of  him  as 
Curate,  and  says  that  he  was  glad  to  find  him  "surrounded 
wth  so  good  a  Number  of  Scholars;  I  could  have  wish'd 
to  have  seen  them  elsewhere  than  in  the  Chancel,  and 
spoiling  Mr.  Barwis's  monument  (at  the  West-end  of  the 
Church)  with  writeing  their  Copies  upon  it."  ^  In  his 
Diary    under   date    Sept.    16,    1708,   he  says   that   Holme 

1.  Westward  Registers.     - 

2.  Miscel.,   p.   5. 

A   I 


530  The   Ejected    of  1662 

appeared  before  him  with  his  son  for  Deacon's  orders,  but 
the  son  was  "  rejected  on  examination."  ^  Thomas  Holme's 
burial  entry  appears  in  the  Registers  thus  :  — 

1711   Mr.   Thomas   Holme  late  Minister  of  Westward  was   buryed 
December  ye  8. 

He  was  licensed  to  serve  Beaumont  and  Kirkandrews  in 
the  office  of  Deacon,  May  21,  1691,  and  was  previously  at 
Ireby.2 

Richard  Wilson,  1711. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  of  this  place  Dec.  22,  1711. 
The  Registers  speak  about  him  being  "  exhibited  into 
ye  Bishops  ....  4  1711-12."  The  entry  is  inked  over 
and  not  decipherable;  but  it  would  appear  to  indicate  the 
date  of  his  entrance  upon  the  Westward  living.  His 
marriage  also  on  Oct.  26,  1714,  with  "  Mrs.  Margaret 
Ballentine  of  Crookdale  "  is  noted.  Possibly  the  person 
of  that  name  who  was  at  Beaumont  in  1679,  and  Raughton 
Head  in  1705. » 

1.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.   40. 

2.  Vide  p.  562. 

3.  Vide  pp.  220,  505. 


III.     THUESBY. 

This  village  lies  about  half  a  dozen  miles  east  of  Wigton. 
The  present  Church,  erected  in  1845,  stands  on  the  site 
of  a  previous  Norman  structure.  The  following  respect- 
ing the  Registers  is  copied  from  a  document  in  the  Vicar's 
possession  :  — 

A  list  of  all  extant  Register  Books  in  the  Parish  of  Thorsby. 
1st.  Register  1649 — 1752,  Baptisms,    Marriages 
and  Burials 

entered  in  this 
Register. 
2nd.  Register,    1753 — 1804,  Baptisnas,   Marriages 
and  Burials  are 
entered  in  this 
Register  in  1753 
&  afterwards  only 
Baptisms  and  Burials. 
3rd  Register  ,  1805—1812,  Baptisms  & 

Burials  entered 
in  this  Register. 
4th.  Register  1754 — 1774,  Marriages 

entered  in 
this  register. 
5th.  Register  1775 — 1794,  Marriages 

entered  in  this 
Register. 
6th.  Register  1794—1812,  Marriages 

entered  in  this 
Register. 
All   the  Registers   above  mentioned  are  deposited   at  the   vicarage 

I  House  Iron   Chest.     No  entries  of  Baptisms  and   Burials  have  been 
made  in  the  year  1781  by  the  late  Revd.  Mr.  Robinson  Vicar.     The 
Registers  are  not  deficient  anywhere  else  that  I  know  of. 
The   above   account   is  truly   made   according   to   the    best   of   my 
Knowledge  and  Belief 
Jno  Mayson 
Curate  of  Thorsby. 
[This  would  be  about  1812  or  1816.] 


532  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  following  appears  in  the  Registers  themselves :  — 

The  Eegister  booke  of  Thursby  for  Maridges,  Birthes  and  Buriallis 
from  Anno  Domj   1649. 

Collected  togedder  out  of  Sundry  hands  be  Mr.  Johne  Hammiltoun 
Minister  and  inserted  anno  1663. 

The  Registers  are  in  good  condition,  but  previous  to  1663 
the  entries  are  comparatively  few,  as  may  be  surmised 
from  John  Hamilton's  statement  above  given.  His  writ- 
ing is  exceedingly  minute.  The  first  two  pages  of  the 
older  book  are  occupied  mainly  with  notes  of  Inductions^ 
of  various  Yicars.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  r 

Thomas  Monk,  1570—1600. 

Presented  in  1570  by  Edward  Monk,  and  died  in  1600. 

William  Walleis,  1601—1622. 

A  predecessor  in  the  living  was  Richard  Walles  alias 
Brandling,  possibly  an  ancestor,  who  died  in  1570. 
William  Walleis  removed  to  Thursby  from  Penrith  in 
1601  ^  and  held  the  living  until  his  death  in  1622. 

Christopher  Peile,  M.A.,  1622—1646. 

He  was  instituted  Feb.  18,  1622;  and  had  previously 
been  at  Wetheral.^  Foster  names  several  Peiles  of  Cum- 
berland among  his  Oxford  Alumni.  Christopher  Peile 
was  here  in  1646  being  recommended  for  Augmentation 
in  that  year  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Att  &c.  November  11th.  Anno  Dni  1646. 

By  vertue  &c.  Ordered  yt  ye  yearely  rents  of  Eight  pounds  Twelve 
shillings  and  Tenne  pence  reserved  and  payable  to  ye  Deane  & 
Chapter  of  Carlile  out  of  Severall  of  their  possessions  in  Thursby  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  And  ye  further  yearely  sume  of  Thirteene 
pounds  and  Twelve  shillings  payable  to  the  said  Deane  and  Chapter 
by  Eichard  Kirkebride  of  Ellerton  Delinquent  for  Tythe  Meals  bee 
payd  to  and  for  increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  Chrestopher  Peele 
Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Thursby  aforesaid.     The   Viccaridge- 

1.  Vide  p.  418. 

2.  Vide  p.  208. 


Thursby  533 

whereof  in  ye  best  tymes  was  worth  but  Thirty  pounds  p  Annu  And 
ye  Sequestrators  &c  as  the  sd  rents  shall  grow  due  &  payable. 
Har.  Grimston.^ 

The  name  Peile  occurs  about  this  date  both  in  the 
Cockermouth  and  Lorton  Registers.  It  would  appear  that 
almost  immediately  after  this  the  living  became  vacant, 
though  from  what  cause  is  not  known. 

Joseph  Nicolson,  M.A.,  1651. 

After  Peile  there  is  an  unfortunate  gap  in  the  County- 
Histories  until  the  Restoration ;  but  that  Joseph  Nicolson 
was  here  in  1651  is  placed  beyond  doubt  by  the  Musgrave 
Tracts.2  The  following  also  is  confirmatory  of  an  even 
earlier  date  :  — 

Thursbye.   -^  ffebr.  8,  1646/7. 

It  is  ordered  that  Joseph  Nicholson  Minister  of  the  Word  be 
Comended  to  the  next  Classical  Presbyterie  in  the  Province  of  London 
who  are  desired  upon  due  examion  [examination]  &  triall  of  his  guifts 
&  abilities  for  the  Ministrie  &  his  fitnesse  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the 
pish  Church  of  Thursby  in  the  Countie  of  Ciraiberland  to  ordaine  him 
thereunto  if  they  see  cause.  ^ 

He  had  previously  been  at  Plumbland  and  subsequently 
held  the  livings  of  Great  Orton,   Crosby  and   Stanwix.* 

John  Carmichael,  M.A.,  1658 — 1661. 

He  was  the  son  of  Frederick  Carmichael,  Minister  of 
Markinch,  graduated  at  St.  Andrew's  University  July  20, 
1650,  and  was  elected  to  their  Bursary  by  the  Presbytery 
of  Kirkcaldy  on  the  4th  of  December  following.  His 
appointment  to  Thursby,  the  amount  of  his  Augmentation, 
and  the  state  of  the  living  at  the  time  are  referred  to  in 
the  following  documents  :  — 

1.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  F.  1  (Record  Office),  duplicated  in  Bodleian  MS. 
523. 

2.  Vide  p.  627. 

3.  Bodl.  MS.  324. 

4.  Vide  pp.  191,  201,  230,  584. 


L 


534  The   Ejected    of  1662 


Thursby  in  the 
County  of 
Cumberland. 

Mr.  John  Carmichell— Admitted  the  5th  day  of  March  1657  to  the 
V.  of  Thursby  in  the  County  of  Cumb'land  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited 
the  same  day  from  his  Highnes  the  Lord  Protector  under  his  Seali 
Manuall  And  Certificates  from  J.  Howard  Ar.  ffoster  Nath.  Burnand 
Andr  Mandracke  of  Brampton.' 

Thursby.  July  7th.  1658. 

Whereas  the  Vicarage  of  the  parish  Church  of  Thursby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  of  the  yearlie  value  of  thirty  pounds  or 
thereabouts  as  is  alleaged  and  the  tithes  of  the  Rectory  of  the  pish 
Church  of  Thursby  aforesaid  pcell  of  the  possions  of  the  late  Deane 
and  Chapter  of  Carlisle  are  yet  in  Lease  It  is  ordered  that  upon 
expiracon  of  the  sd  Lease  due  care  bee  taken  to  annex  such  of  the 
tithes  of  the  said  Rectory  to  the  said  Vicarage  whereby  due  provision 
may  bee  made  for  the  maintennce  of  such  godly  and  painfull  preacher 
of  the  Gospell  as  shall  bee  from  time  to  time  Setled  Vicar  of  Thursby 
aforesaid  According  to  Act  of  Parliamt  in  that  behalfe  And  that  due 
care  bee  taken  in  the  meantime  for  an  exact  inquiry  of  the  value  of 
the  said  Vicarage  and  tithes  of  the  said  Rectory  to  the  end  that 
these  Trustees  may  bee  inabled  to  annex  a  maintenance  out  of  the 
said  tithes  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edward  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Jo  Humfrey  Richard 

Yong.2 

Thursby.  Aprill   19.    1659. 

Ordered  that  ye  sume  of  fiive  poundes  fifteene  shillinges  &  two 
pence  halfe  penny  be  graunted  to  &  for  increase  of  the  Maintennce 
of  jMr.  John  Carmichal  Ministr.  of  Thursby  in  ye  County  of  Northum- 
berland [Cumberland]  approved  by  ye  Comrs  for  Approbacon  of 
publique  Preachers  which  wee  humbly  certifie  to  his  Highnes  ye  Lord 
Protector  and  ye  Comrs. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Jo.  Pocock  Ri  Yong.^ 

Thursby 

D.   30.  ffeby  24th  1659. 

Upon  ye  humble  peticon  of  John  Carmichaell  Ministr  of  Thursby 

in   ye    County   of   Cumberland   Ordered   yt   upon   the   Petr.    pducing 

Inquision  of  ye  value  of  ye  Vicarage  of  Thursby  aforesd  and  makeing 

appeare  the  true  yearely  value  of  ye  tithes  of  ye  rectory  due  Course 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.   Min.)   998. 

2.  Ihid.,  980. 

3.  Ibid.,  1004. 


Thursby  535 

shall  be  taken  for  annexeing  soe  much  of  ye  said  tithes  to  ye  said 
vicarage  as  shall  make  up  the  value  thereof  lOOli  a  yeare.  i 

Both  Calamy  and  Palmer  call  him  "  Carmitchel,"  and 
represent  him  as  ejected  from  Thursby.  Palmer,  however, 
in  his  1802  Edition,  says: — "Thursby  (V.)  North  riding. 
Mr.  John  Carmitchel,  who  afterwards  went  into  Scotland, 
This  article  is  now  transposed  from  Cumberland."  ^  In 
this  case  again  Calamy  is  more  accurate  than  his  reviser : 
for  the  Thursby  in  question  is  undoubtedly  the  Cumberland 
Thursby.  Scott,  in  his  "Fasti,"  says  that  John  Carmichael 
was  "  ordained  May  24,  1661,  as  Minister  of  Thursbie,  in 
England,  presented  to  the  parish  of  Traquair  by  Charles  II, 
11  July,  1661,  instituted  and  admitted  7  Aug.,  1662; 
deposed  18  Oct.,  1665,  for  declining  Episcopacy,  when  he 
joined  the  Presbyterians,  had  his  share  of  suffering,  and 
died  at  Pittdie  in  Fife,  aged  about  36.  He  left  a  son, 
Frederick,  and  a  daughter  Euphan."  ^ 

Wodrow  states  that  John  Carmichael  was  fined  "  a 
hundred  merks  "  in  1670  for  being  present  at  a  Conventicle 
at  Livingseat  in  Carnwath  parish,  "  which  made  a  great 
noise  at  the  time."  He  also  informs  us  that  his  brother 
was  the  "reverend  and  learned  Mr.  Alexander  Carmichael, 
late  minister  at  Pittenain,"  both  of  whom  "  out  of  an 
earnest  desire  for  the  gaining  of  souls  to  Christ,"  joined 
for  some  time  "  in  the  course  of  conformity  with  the 
prelates  " ;  but  that  "  they  came  to  discover  so  much  evil 
in  their  ways,  as  to  relinquish  them,  quit  their  livings, 
and  cheerfully  join  themselves  with  the  suffering  presby- 
terian  ministers  and  people."  *  If  the  account  given 
by  Scott  be  correct,  and  its  circumstantiality  is  strong 
evidence  in  its  favour,  the  idea  of  an  Ejection  from 
Thursby  would  seem  to  be  at  fault.  The  ordination 
in  May,  1661,  may  be  taken  as  evidence  of  Conformity, 
and      the      Presentation     to      Traquair     in      the      July 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.)  989. 

2.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  iii,  p.  453 ;  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   159. 

3.  Vol.  i,  pt.  i,  p.  257. 

4-  Hist,  of  the  Sufferings  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  vol.  ii,  pp.  159 
and  195  (1830  Ed.). 


536  The   Ejected    of  1662 

following  similarly.  Can  Calamy  have  confused  his  life  at 
Thiirsby  with  his  subsequent  career?  It  would  appear  soj 
and  it  is  a  mistake  that  might  easily  occur.  If,  however, 
the  same  person  is  intended  throughout  there  would  seem 
to  be  some  error  in  the  dates.  Living  in  1670  and  dying 
at  the  age  of  36  years,  he  would  be  very  young  when  he 
graduated  in  1650. 

John  Hamilton,  1661 — 1672/3. 

The  following  doubtless  relates  to  him  :  — 

Hamilton.  Julij  24,   1645. 

It  is  ordered  that  Mr.  Hamilton  Minister  of  the  word  be  taken  care 
of  by  this  Comittee  to  be  settled  in  some  sequestred  living  wthin 
the  disposal  of  this   Comittee  in  the  Bishoprick  of  Duresme.' 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Darlington  Classis  in  1645,  and 
was  appointed  to  Hurd worth,  Durham,  in  April,  1647. ^ 
Though  he  was  quite  ready  to  accept  any  "  sequestred 
living  within  the  disposal  of  this  Coittee,"  John  Hamilton 
appears  to  have  been  an  ardent  Royalist;  and  about  1655 
he  was  ejected  from  his  Hurdworth  living.  As  the  case  is 
one  of  considerable  interest  the  documents  relating  to  it 
are  here  appended  in  full :  — 

To  his  Highnes  the  Lord  Protector  of  the  Commonwealth  of  England, 
Scotland  and  Ireland,  and  the  Dominions  thereto  belonging. 
The  humble  peticon  of  John   Hamilton  of   Hurworth   upon  Tease 
in   the    Countie   of   Durham. 
Most    humbly    sheweth 

That  your  Petr.  being  sumoned  to  appeare  before  ye  Commissioners 
for  Eiecting  of  Ignorant  scandalous  and  insufficient  Ministers  in  the 
foure  Northern  Counties  sitting  at  Newcastle  upon  Tyne  to  answeare 
the  Charge  of  Scandall  exhibited  against  him,  Did  according  to 
first  Stimonds  appeare  at  ye  time  and  place  appointed  praying  a 
Copie  of  ye  Charge  on  Informacon  exhibited  against  him  that  hee 
might  put  in  his  answeare  in  writeing  and  have  some  time  to 
bringe  in  witnesses  to  make  good  his  answeare  wch  was  refused 
and  yor  Petr.  required  to  make  a  verball  answeare  imediately  els 
they  would  proceed  agt  him ;  The  Sevall  Articles  being  read  and 
yor  Petr.  perceeveing  most  of  them  to  be  for  some  frivolous  words 
in   reference  to  ye   late   warr   aUeadged  to   have   been   spoken   7   or 

1.  Add.    MSS.    Brit.    Mus.    15669. 

2.  Shaw's  Hist.  Eng.  Ch.,  vol.  ii.,  pp.  340,  368. 


Thursby  537 

eight  yeares  agoe  some  in  ye  yeare  1648,  some  1649,  and  some 
1650,  Did  humbly  renew  his  first  request.  That  seeing  the  Infor- 
macon  consisted  for  ye  most  pt  of  words  alleadged  to  have  been 
spoken  7  or  8  yeares  agoe  in  comon  ordinary  discourse  wch  could 
not  possibly  bee  called  to  mind  upon  a  sudden  he  might  have  a 
Copie  of  them  and  some  fewe  houres  to  putt  his  answeare,  beseeching 
ye  said  Oomissionrs  to  consider  how  dangerous  a  thing  it  is  to 
examyne  upon  oath  ordinary  people  of  words  spoken  so  many 
yeares  agoe  further  adding  that  things  of  that  nature  were  buryed 
in  oblivion  by  publicke  Act  or  Ordinance,  all  wch  was  reiected 
And  yor  Petr.  Voted  by  ffive  Comissioners  whose  names  are  under- 
written to  be  elected  out  of  ye  Rectory  of  Hurworth  Contrary  to 
ye  expresse  Rules  and  directions  specifyed  in  yor  Highnes  Ordinance 
whereupon  yor  Petr.  did  Declare  That  he  did  and  would  appeale 
to  yor  Highnes  not  doubting  to  finds  redresse  of  such  iniiistice 
The  next  day  yor  Petr  attended  ye  said  Comrs  praying  a  Copie 
of  his  Charge  and  ye  Deposicons  of  Witnesses  if  any  had  been 
examyned  upon  oaths  (wch  yor  Petr.  doth  much  doubt  of)  as  also 
a,  Copie  of  theere  sentence  that  yor  Petr.  might  ye  more  fully 
informe  yor  Highness  wch  also  was  and  as  yett  is  refused  to  ye 
just  admeracon  of  all  that  heare  of  such  Strang  pceedings  and  ye 
utter  ruyne  of  yor  poore  Petr.  if  ye  rightious  Lord  move  not  yor 
Highnes  in  detestacon  of  such  sinester  proceedings  to  afford  some 
psent  remeady  Your  Petr  hrnnbly  beseecheth  yor  Highnes  in  ye 
bowells  of  ye  Lord  Jesus  Christ  for  Justice.  And  in  order  thereunto 
that  yor  Highnes  may  be  pleased  to  grant  an  Order  to  the  Judges 
of  Assize  to  be  holden  at  ye  Citie  of  Durham  this  instant  August 
1655,  or  to  either  of  them,  or  to  ye  Justices  of  ye  peace  for  ye 
said  Countie  or  any  two  or  more  of  them  to  call  before  them  ye  ffive 
underwritten  Comissioners  or  some  of  them  to  iustify  their  pro- 
ceedings against  yor  Petr.  and  if  they  find  that  they  have  proceeded 
agt  him  contrary  to  ye  Rules  and  directions  specifyed  in  yor  Highnes 
Ordinance  denying  yor  Petr  a  Copie  of  his  Charge  or  any  time  to 
put  in  his  answeare  and  refusing  to  examyne  any  witnesses  for  and 
on  ye  behalfe  of  yor  Petr.  as  is  abovesaid  That  in  such  case  they 
suspend  or  repeale  ye  illegal  Vote  or  Sentence  of  Electing  yor  Petr 
out  of  ye  Rectory  of  Hurworth  and  that  hee  may  bee  free  from  all 
inconveniences  by  ye  same  till  he  have  a  Copie  of  his  Charge  and 
Witnesses  examyned  for  and  on  his  behalfe  as  well  as  against  him 
And  be  proceeded  against  according  to  yor  Highnes  Ordinance 
And  yor  Petr  shall  ever  pray  etc.  John    Hamilton. 

Robt  Fenwick 

Tho.  Lacie 

Robt  Sharpe  Commissioners 

Tho.   Huntley 

Robt.  Johnson. 


538  The   Ejected   of  1662 

[All  this  in  the  clear  minute  hand  of  John  Hamilton  similar  to  what 
appears  in  the  Thursby  Registers ;  and  appended  is  the  following]  : — 

Oliver  P. 
Let  this  Peticon  be  showed  to  the  Comissioners  herenamed  to  the 
end  they  may  forthwth  retorne  to  Our  Coimcell  the  perticulars  of  their 
proceedings  in  this  business. 
[Endorsed] 

Jon  Hamilton  of  Hursworth 
ref  2  Jan.  1655.' 

Right  Honorable, 

The  enclosed  Peticon  wth  the  reference  of  his  Highnesse  upon  the 
same  delivered  us  the  5th  instant  hath  putt  us  upon  troubleing  yor 
honors  at  this  time.  May  it  therefore  please  yor  honors  to  take 
notice  that  Mr  John  Hamilton  of  Hurworth  being  Summoned  before 
us  upon  severall  Articles  exhibited  against  him  not  barely  for  words 
(as  he  most  falsely  suggests,  and  wch  yor  honrs  may  evidently  see 
by  the  enclosed  Articles)  but  for  many  grosse  scandals  in  life  and 
Conversacion,  We  according  to  our  duty  tooke  the  depositions  of 
severall  witnesses  upon  oath  in  the  prsence  of  the  said  ]Mr.  Hamilton 
(though  he  endeavours  to  ensinuate  into  his  Highnesse  that  he  doubts 
whether  they  were  sworne  or  no)  bycause  as  he  told  us  [Gen.  14.  21 
in  margin]  upon  the  delivery  of  the  peticon  they  were  not  Sworne  by 
kissing  the  booke  but  by  lifting  up  their  hands  to  the  high  God ;  After 
the  heareing  of  wch  charge  upon  oath  we  demanded  his  answer  to  the 
charges  (he  haveing  heard  it  all  the  while)  He  desires  a  Copy  of  this 
Charge,  and  time  to  bring  in  his  witnesses  to  prove  the  Contrary.  We 
told  him  we  conceeved  (and  wch  yet  we  humbly  present  as  or 
Judgment)  that  the  Comrs  were  made  Judges  of  the  Ordinance  whether 
the  case  required  it  or  no ;  And  for  the  psent  case  they  being  articles 
consisting  of  matter  off  fact  expressing  the  yeare  not  the  day  we 
durst  not  so  prophane  the  name  of  God  as  to  give  oathes  to  men 
concerning  an  unknowne  time  to  prove  a  negative,  it  being  not 
possible  that  they  could  cleare  him  as  to  an  unknowne  day,  as  also 
himselfe  for  a  great  while  did  deny  times  &  places  to  wch  the 
witnesses  swore  though  at  last  he  thought  it  his  onely  refuge,  and  it 
did  plainly  appeare  to  us  that  his  desire  was  onely  a  prtence  to  delay 
his  eiectment,  he  haveing  forcibly  throwne  out  one  who  was  setled 
by  Act  of  Parliamt,  and  had  a  Suite  at  law  to  comence  at  Durham 
Assizes  about  it ;  Upon  wch  aforesaid  reasons  (he  haveing  heard  his 
charge)  we  desired  his  answer  it  being  all  matter  of  fact,  upon  which 
he   did   Answr  haveing   as   much   liberty   and   freedome   as   could   be 

1.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  vol.  123,  fol.  8 


Thursby 


539 


desired,  though  his  carriage  both  to  witnesses  &  Comissionrs  was 
very  reproachfull  and  insolent,  and  whereas  he  alledgeth  he  was 
eiected  for  frivolous  words  and  that  spoken  many  yeares  agoe  & 
p'doned  by  the  Act  of  Oblivion  We  humbly  conceive  that  that  Act 
doth  not  pardon  Drunkennesse,  quarrelling  and  fighting,  in  a  Minister 
as  to  point  of  Scandall  wch  admitt  it  did,  yet  it  appeares  upon  oath 
that  he  hath  bene  twice  drunk  since  that  act,  and  wth  what  colour 
he  can  call  Such  grosse  Scandalls  ffrivolous  words,  we  leave  to  yor 
honors  to  judge  ;  Haveinge  in  obedience  to  his  Highnesse  Comands  thus 
given  a  faithfull  Account  of  our  selves  and  actings,  we  crave  leave 
to  Subscribe  orselves 

My  Lords 

Yor  Ldps  most  humble  Servants 
Robt.   flenwicke 
Eobert  Johnson. 
Robt.  Sharpe 
The.  Lacie 
Tho  :   Huntley.' 


Newcastle   September  6th 
1656. 


To  the  honorable  the  Comrs  for  electing  of  ignorant  Scandalous  & 
insufficient  Ministers  &  Schoolemasters  in  the  foure  Northerne  Coun- 
ties sitting  at  Newcastle  upon  Tine. 

A  Charge  of  Scandall  Exhibited  agt  Mr.  John  Hamilton  of  Hurworth 
upon  Tease  in  the  County  of  Durham  Clerk  Aug.   14th  1655. 

1.     In  the  yeare  1650  in  or  about  the  latter  end  of 
Witnesses  Aprill   this  Deponent   being  at  Rippon,  he   saith  that 

he  found  Mr.  Hamilton  in  Company  wth  one  ffrancis 
Heighington  a  malignant  and  that  the  said  Mr.  Hamil- 
ton was  full  of  drink  and  that  they  two  together  did 
drink  Divers  concealed  healthes,  and  did  cast  Their 
hatts  upon  the  ground,  and  Mr.  Hamiltons  hatt  was 
trodden-on  by  the  said  ffrancis  Heighington,  and  that 
Thomas  the  nextinge  the  aforesaid  Mr.  Hamilton  came  into  one 

Davyson  ]\lr.  Wearemouths  lodgeing   and   was  then  also    full  of 

Sworne  drink  and  disfigured  by  it,  and  for  his  drunkenesse  & 

misdemeanors  was  reproved  by  one  Corporale  White 
and  Scarred,  whereupon  the  said  Mr.  Hamilton  said 
in  this  Deponent's  heareing  that  he  must  hencewards 
bycause  he  had  to  preach  and  give  the  Comunion  to 
the  people, 
Thomas  The  same  saith  this  Deponent 

Rawling  Thomas  Davyson. 

Sworne.  Tho  :  Rawling. 


1.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.,  vol.  123,  fol.  8,  i. 


540 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


John  2.     In  the  yeare  1650  This  Deponent  saith  that  Mr. 

Coulson  John  Hamilton  being  about  to  dept  the  nacon  by  an 

Sworne  Act  of   Pliamt   enioyning  all   Scotchmen   to   dept  this 

nacon  and  takeing  leave  of  this  Deponent  saith  that  at 

his  returne  he  would  be  better  horsed  and  if  he  gott 

by  Cromwell  he  would  secure  the  Parish  of  Hurworth. 

John  Coulson. 

Mr.  Leonard        3.     In  the  yeare  about   1654  in  or  about  July   Mr. 
Smithson  Hamilton   haveing  taken  possession   of  the   Parsonage 

Sworne  house  by  force  from  Mr.  Leonard  Wastell  then  Minister 

of  Hurworth,  This  Deponent  saith  that  Mr.  Hamilton 
sent  for  him  to  take  away  certaine  goods  belonging  to 
him  and  after  some  discurse  touching  Mr.  Wastell  Mr. 
Hamilton  said  these  words  wch  follow  (vizt)  That  the 
Wastels  &  all  that  take  their  parts  were  Murderers, 
Traytors  &  Rebells,  and  he  would  maintaine  it  wth  his 
life  &  blood  and  so  long  as  he  had  a  drop  of  blood  in 
him,  &  would  nevr  yeild  possession  of  the  Parsonage 
house  so  long  as  he  breathed. 

Leonard  Smithson. 

Mr.  Robert  4.     In  the  yeare  1648  This  Deponent  saith  that  he 

Andrson  Comeing  into  the  house  of  Matthew  Wilby  an  Alehouse 

Sworne  Keep  in  Croft  he  found  Mr.   Hamilton  there  in  Com- 

pany wth  two  Ministrs  and  Divers  othr  gents,  and 
he  saith  that  the  said  Mr.  Hamilton  was  full  of  Drinke 
and  did  so  abuse  divers  of  the  Company  by  words  that 
they  were  ready  to  fight  together,  and  that  the  said 
Mr.  Hamilton  did  call  the  Deponent  a  base  bastard 
and  the  sone  of  an  Whore.         Robt.  Anderson. 


John    Nesham         5.     In    the    yeare    1652   The    Defendant  saith    that 
Sworne  himselfe    and    John    Hebburne    Clerk    being    in    Darl- 

ington at  the  house  of  Edward  Suretie  Inkeep,  Mr. 
John  Hamilton  came  into  their  company  and  after 
some  discourse  did  vilify  the  aforesaid  Mr.  Hepburne 
calling  him  Turn  coat  Knave  who  replyed  that  he 
was  a  worse  Turne  coat  Knave  otherwise  he  could 
not  have  gott  out  of  prison  at  London  unless  thou 
hadst  taken  the  engagement  wch  formerly  thou 
ptestedst  thou  wouldst  never  do.  To  wch  the  said 
Mr.  Hamilton  answered  thou  lyest,  I  never  take  it 
nor  ever  will.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith 
that    Mr.    Hamilton    did    at   the    same    time    offer   to 


Thursby 


541 


wager  lOli  to  5s.  that  he  would  regaine  the  Par- 
sonage of  Hurworth  within  6  months  in  despight  of 
Wastells  and  all  that  tooke  their  pts;  and  uttering 
many  revileing  speeches  agt  the  said  Wastels,  This 
Deponent  replyed  that  they  were  honest  men  then 
Mr.  Hamilton  said  Thou  art  a  knave  in  so  saying, 
and  I  will  maintaine  it  with  my  heart  and  hand,  if 
thou   darest   go  with  me   to  the   doore. 

John  Nesham. 

Mr.  6.     This  Deponent  saith  that  he  found  Mr.  Hamilton 

Kerton  so  drunk  and  fallen  of  his  horse  that  he  was  scarcely 

able  either  to  ride  or  stand. 

Ninian  7.     This   Deponent   saith  that   he   was   in   Company 

Gresham  wth  Mr.  Hamilton  at  Widow  Collings  an  Alehouse  in 

Sworne  Darnton,  where  he  saw  the  said  Mr.   Hamilton  drink- 

ing Divers  healths,  and  the  same  was  so  drunke  that 
in    going    homeward    he    reeled    out    of   the    foot-trod 
stumbled   and   fell   sometimes  over   the   stile  and   was 
Tho.  Bulman   not  able  to  go  sometimes. 

Sworne  Ninian  Gresham.  This  Deponent  in  Particular 

led  him. 
Thomas  Bulman. 

Ellenor  8.     In  the  yeare  1649  this  Deponent  Saith  that  Mr. 

Elwood  Hamilton  did  in  the  open  Markett  at  Darlington  revile 

Sworne  &  abuse  her  calling  her  whoore  she  is  an  houre  that 

saith  it,  relating  to  words  she  had  spoken. 

Ellenor  Elwood. 

Joanna  9.     In  the  yeare  1654  This  Deponent  Saith  that  Mr. 

Bulman  Hamilton  did  revile  her  Calling  her  base  Jade  severall 

Sworne  times. 

Joanna  Bulman. 


Thomas  Elwood.      In   the   yeare   1652   about    November    this  Deponent 
Sworne  saith  that  he   being  in   Company  with  Mr.    Hamilton 

at  Thomas  ffrankland,  an  Alehousekeep.  the  said 
Mr.  Hamilton  was  distempered  through  ale  from  before 
Sunrise  to  Sunsett,  and  did  stumble  and  fall ;  and 
further  saith  that  in  December  1652  he  was  in  his 
Company  at  the  said  Thomas  flrankland's  from  morn- 
ing till  late  within  night  and  he   saith  that  the  said 


542 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


Mr.  Hamilton  was  so  full  of  Drink,  that  he  could 
not  go  homeward  without  reeling  and  staggering  and 
was  led  by  this  Deponent  some  part  of  the  way. 

Thomas  Elwood. 


Chrestopher  In    the   year    1654    this    Deponent    saith    that    in 

Place  his  hearing  Mr.  Hamilton  said  to  Mr.  Wastell  that  he 

Sworne  was  a   Pedling   preacher,   and  that    he   had   none,    but 

a  Company  of  pedling  hands  at  his  Order,  and  had  a 

false  &  prtended   Order. 

Chrestophr    Place.* 

Newcastle 
upon  Tyne. 

By  the  Comrs.  for  the  eiecting  of  Scandalous  Ignorant  &  Insuffi- 
cient Ministrs  &  Schoole  Masters  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland 
Durham  Northumberland  &  Westmrland.     Aug.  14  1655. 

By  vertue  of  the  powr  &  authority  to  us  given  by  an  Ordinance  for 
the  eiecting  of  Scandalous  ignorant  &  insufficient  ^linisters  & 
Schoolemstrs  Ordered  that  Mr.  John  Hamilton  of  Hurworth  in  the 
County  of  Durham  be  from  this  day  eiected  amoved  and  discharged 
for  Sevrall  Scandals  of  frequent  alehouse  haunting  Drunkenesse  and 
■Quarrelling  pved  upon  oath  agt  him  and  he  is  hereby  eiected  and 
discharged  from  ye  Rectory  of  Hurworth  in  the  aforesaid  County  of 
Durham,  and  from  all  the  pfitts  hereunto  belonging. 

A  true  Copy  &  exaied  by  Robt.  Kepling  Cl.^ 
Proceedings  of  Council. 
Fryday  4.  Jany.  1655. 

Mr.  Strickland  makes  report  from  the  Comittee  of  the  Counsell  to 
whom  it  was  referred  to  Consider  of  the  pceedings  of  the  Comrs.  for 
ejecting  Scandalous  Ministers  in  the  fower  Northerne  Counties  as  to 
the  ejecting  of  Mr.  John  Hamilton  from  the  Rectory  of  Hurworth  in 
the  County  of  Durham  on  reading  and  Consideration  whereof  It  is 
ordered  by  his  Highnes  the  Lord  Protector  and  the  Counsell  That  the 
sentence  of  the  .«aid  Comrs  for  ejecting  the  said  John  Hamilton  out  of 
the  said  Rectory  of  Hurworth  be  and  hereby  is  affirmed  and  approved 
'  and  that  the  Same  be  pursued  to  effect,  whereof  the  Said  Comrs  and 
all  others  whom  this  may  Conc'ne  as  also  the  said  ^Ir.  Hamilton  are 
to  take  notice  and  to  Conforme  themselves  accordingly.  3 

In   1657   John   Hamilton  appears   at   Kirkbride/   from 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.  Inter.,   123,  fol.  8  ii. 

2.  Ibid.,  fol.  8  iii. 

3-    S.  P.  Dom.,  Inter.  I.  76,  p.  452. 
4.  Vide  p.  597. 


Thursby  543 

which  it  may  be  assumed  that  his  character  and  his 
attitude  towards  the  Commonwealth  were  now  such  as 
satisfied  the  Commissioners.  The  Institution  Books  say- 
that  he  was  instituted  to  Thursby  on  June  16,  1662,  but 
he  himself  states  that  he  was  presented  November  1661. 
He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1662.  It  has 
been  already  intimated  that  we  owe  the  earlier  Registers 
to  his  painstaking  efforts.  "  This  vicar,"  says  Dr.  James 
Wilson,  "  was  a  man  of  many  conceits,  a  feature  of  his 
character  to  which  perhaps  we  owe  the  preservation  of 
these  entries.  His  handwriting  is  peculiar;  his  method 
of  spelling  is  peculiar;  and  the  title  of  his  Register  is 
peculiar."  ^     He  begins  his  Register  in  the  following  way  : 

The     Register     book     of     the     Church     of     Thursbie     Contayning 
Marrages  Baptisms  and   buriels  inserted  be  me  Johne   Hammiltoune 
Since    my    entry   thereto    be    ye    dean    of    Careliel   his    presentation 
gevin  to  me  the  last  of  November  1661. 
Johannes  Hammiltoun's  Johne 

Anagi.  Hammiltoune 

Sonuit  hosanna  Elohim.  Anagranfuna 

To  heaven 

Mine  > 

home. 

With  reference  to  this  Dr.  Wilson  remarks :  — "A  clever 
and  happy  transposition  of  the  letters  in  a  name,  though 
the  pietism  savours  of  Scotland  from  which  apparently 
the  author  had  sprung."'^  His  spelling  certainly  is 
exceedingly  peculiar,  the  odd  thing  being  that  he  even 
writes  his  own  name  with  all  sorts  of  variations.  The 
following  entries  occur  in  the  Registers  :  — • 

Appryel   29.    1671. 

Barbara  Hammiltoun  the  dor  of  Mr  Johne  Hammiltoun  Minester 
at  thursbie  departed  this  lyfe  at  10  cok  of  nyt  and  was  Interred  in  ye 
quier  the  26  day. 

\  Sunday  ffebruary  ye  23rd  1672-3  Mr.  John  Hammilton  Minister 
off  Thursbye  died  and  was  buried  in  the  Queer  uppon  Tuesday  ye 
25  following. 

1.  Trans.  (0.  S.),  vol.  14,  p.  121. 

2.  Ibid. 


544  ^^^   Ejected   of  1662 

EiCHARD  Savage,  B.A.,  1673—1674. 

He  was  the  son  of  Arthur  Savage  of  Caldbeck,  and  was 
a  Cambridge  graduate,  obtaining  his  B.A.  in  1660.  He 
was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  25,  1670,  Priest  Sept.  21,  1673, 
and  instituted  the  day  following  on  the  same  Presentation 
as  the  preceding.  He  was  inducted  October  6th 
following  and  held  the  living  only  a  year,  dying  in  1674. 
He  was  interred  at  Caldbeck  as  the  following  from  the 
Thursby   Registers  -shows  :    — 

1674  Mr.   Eichard   Savage   INIinister  off  Thursby  Buried   att  Cald- 
beck uppon  Satterday  the  4th  Aprill  1674. 

Michael  Hodgson,  B.A.,  1674 — 1679. 

He  was  a  Glasgow  University  graduate  and  "  was 
Inducted  into  the  Yicaridge  of  Thursby  the  ffifth  day  of 
May  anno  Dni  1674."  ^  This  name  is  not  given  by 
Nicolson  and  Burn.  He  appears  at  Appleby  and  Kirk- 
land. ^ 

William  Atkinson,  M.A.,  1679 — 1680. 

Another  Glasgow  University  graduate,  who  was  ordained 
Deacon  and  Priest  Sept.  21,  1673,  and  instituted  March 
31,  1679,  on  the  same  Presentation,  being  "  inducted  into 
the  Vicaridg  of  Thursby  by  Mr.  Walker  Aacar  of  Dalston 
the  16th  Day  of  May  Annoq  Dni  1679."  s  This  name 
also  is  omitted  by  Nicolson  and  Burn.  He  was  subse- 
quently at  Morland.  * 

Thomas  Stalker,  M.A.,  1680—1681. 

He  was  instituted  April  6,  1680,  on  the  Presentation  of 
Thomas  Smith,  S.T..P.  Foster  says  that  he  graduated 
B.A.,  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  March  19,  1656-7,  and 
M.A.  Nov.  29,  1660.  ^  The  following  from  the  Registers 
supplies  additional  information  about  him  :  — 

This  Eegister  book  for  ye  parish  of  Thursby  &  ye  adjacent  parts 
of  Westward  was  put  into  ye  order  following  by  me  Tho.    Stalker 

1.  Parish  Eegisters. 

2.  Vide  pp  397,  1135,  1184. 
3-  Parish  Eegisters. 

4.  Vide  p.  1184. 
5-   Al.   Ox. 


Thursby  545 

Vicar  at  my  Induction  ye  23  day  of  Apr.  1680  Noting  in  ye  first 
place  ye  Christnings  yn  ye  midle  ye  Marriges  at  ye  End  ye 
Burialls. 

Tho.  Stalker  Clericus  Mr.  of  Arts  Minor  Canon  of  ye  Cathedral 
Church  of  Carlile  was  inducted  into  ye  vicaridge  of  Thursby  ye  23 
day  of  April  anno  1680.^ 

George  Tibbold,  B.A.,  1681—1685. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  21,  1681,  on  the  Presentation 
of  the  Dean  and  Chapter;  and  was  a  Pluralist,  having 
Asby  as  well  as  Thursby.^  Previously  he  had  held 
the  living  of  Skelton.^  The  two  following  excerpts  from 
the  Registers  supply  the  dates  of  his  Induction  and  burial  : 

An  Account  of  ye  Register  book  of  Thursby  since  Geo  Theobald's 
cler.  was  inducted  which  was  on  Nov.   7.   1681. 
1685  Aprill  the  25. 

Mr.  George  Theobals  Minister  of  Thursby  died  and  was  buried  in 
the  Sun  side  of  the  quir  upon  Sunday  25th  Aprill  1685. 

Matthew  Preston,  B.A.,  1685—1693. 

He  matric.  in  Queen's  Coll.  Oxford,  on  March  29,  1672, 
and  graduated  B.A.  in  1675.,*  He  was  ordained  Deacon 
February  19,  1674/5,  Priest  March  7,  1676/7,  and  had 
previously  been  at  Sebergham.^  His  institution  to 
Thursby  was  on  Sept.  18,  1685,  on  the  same  Presentation, 
and  his  Induction  on  the  same  day. 

The  following  are  from  the  Registers  :  — 
1689  July  ye  12.  Elizabeth  the  wife  of  Mr.  Preston  vicar  of  Thursby 

was  buryed  in  ye  south  side  of  the  Quier. 

1693    Mr.    Matthew    Preston    Minister   of   Thursby    dyed    &    was 

Buryed  in  ye  South  Side  of  ye  Quire  the  10th  day  of  Aprill  1693. 

Joseph  Waite,  1693—1726. 

That  is  how  the  name  appears  in  the  Registers. 
Nicolson  and  Burn,  however,  give  "  White,"  and  against 
the  name  have  the  date  1699.     He  was  instituted  July  27, 

1.  Vide  also  p.  186,  315. 

2.  Vide  p.  1113. 

3.  Vide  p.   481. 

4.  Al.   Ox. 

5.  Vide  p.  500. 

A  J 


546 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


1693,  and  had  been  licensed  to  teach  boys  at  Holm 
Cultram,  Sept.  30,  1681.  A  person  of  this  name  was  B.A. 
of  Catherine  College,  Cambridge,  in  1664,  and  M.A.  in 
1668.1 

The  following  appear  in  the  Registers :  — 

1695  Oct  31  was  Aggnes  ye  Daughtr  of  Mr.  Joseph  Waite  Vicar  of 
Thursby  Baptized. 

Dec.  22.  1698  Bridget  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Joseph  Waite  vicar  of 
Thursby  baptized. 

1726  March  27.  The  Revd.  Mr.  Joseph  Waite  vicar  of  Thursby  was 
buried. 


1.  Cant    Grad. 


IV.     CALDBECK. 

Tliis  village  lies  some  eight  miles  east  of  Wigton  in 
close  proximity  to  the  Skiddaw  range  of  mountains.  It  is 
only  two  or  three  miles  from  Hesket  Newmarket.  The 
Church  at  Caldbeck  is  comparatively  modern,  but  the 
foundation  is  ancient.  The  Registers  begin  about  1647. 
The  first  two  pages  of  the  book  are  occupied  mainly  with 
entries  of  the  Hutton  and  Yaux  families,  some  bearing 
dates  as  early  as  1640,  1631  and  even  1628.  Probably 
they  are  simply  family  memoranda  inserted  by  a  later 
hand.  The  Churchwardens'  Accounts  begin  in  1666. 
The  following  is  the  Incumbent  list :  — 

Thomas  Fairfax,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1583. 

He  matriculated  Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  in  March, 
1557-8,  took  his  B.A.  in  1560-1,  subsequently  became 
Fellow  of  Catherine,  and  took  his  M.A.  and  B.D.  degrees. 
He  was  collated  to  the  Canonry  at  Carlisle  Jan.  15,  1577-8, 
and  instituted  to  Caldbeck  in  1583  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  Thomas  Hammond,  chancellor  of  the  diocese,  who  had  a 
grant  from  the  Bishop  of  the  Advowson  for  20  years."  ^ 
Nicolson  and  Burn  speak  of  the  death  of  Thomas  Fairfax 
in  1640,  and  the  reader  would  infer  that  the  reference  is 
to  the  person  before  us,  and  that  he  held  the  living  until 
this  date.  Such,  however,  is  not  the  case.  He  vacated 
his  Carlisle  Canonry  in,  or  before,  1595,  and  became 
Chaplain  to  Toby  Matthew,  Bishop  of  Durham.  Whether 
he  resigned  the  Caldbeck  living  at  the  same  time  does  not 
appear.^ 

Thomas  Fairfax,   1640. 

.  He  was  the  son  of  his  predecessor,  and  is  the  person  who 
died  in  1640.     He  married  Grace,  daughter  of  William 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  137. 

2.  Ath.  Cant.      vol.  ii,  p.  176. 


548  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Hutton,  of  Greystoke,  and  a  son,  Anthony,  born  at 
Caldbeck,  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
Nov.  21,  1628,  aged  20  years. ^  It  was  his  son,  William 
Fairfax,  that  was  Rector  of  Bolton  and  Castle  Sowerby.^ 

Frederick  Tunstall,  M.A.,  1640 — 1645. 

He  was  of  a  distinguished  family  in  Middlesex; 
matriculated  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Nov,  21,  1628,  at 
the  age  of  14  years;  graduated  B.A.  Nov.  4,  1630, 
and  M.A.  June  21,  1633.  He  had  a  brother, 
Henry,  also  a  Queen's  College  graduate,  as  was 
his  son  Walter,  who  matriculated  March  23,  1665-6, 
aged  18,  being  described  as  of  Carlisle.^  Frederick 
Tunstall,  frequently  Tonstall,  was  collated  by  Bishop 
Potter  July  3,  1640,  and  in  that  year  he  compounded  for 
his  First  Fruits,  as  the  following  testifies :  — 

October  1640 
Caldbecke  Frederick  Tonstall 

Minister  of, 
Johnes  Tunstall  de 
Adgcombe  in  Com.  Surrey.  4 

He  appears  among  the  subscribers  to  the  Carlisle  garrison 
in  1644,  the  amount  of  his  subscription  being  £2-0-0. 
Walker  says  in  reference  to  him: — "He  was  a  Learned 
Worthy  Person,  of  a  Good  Famiily,  and  Died  before  the 
Hapfy  Restoration."   ^ 

The  following  documents  give  the  reason  for  his  Seques- 
tration dealing  also  with  the  provision  of  Fifths  for  his 
wife;    and    they    illustrate    the    policy    pursued    by   the 
Commonwealth  at  this  time  :  — 
Colbeck.  Julij  29.   1645. 

Whereas  this  Coittee  is  informed  that  the  Rectory  of  the  pish 
Church  of  Calbeck  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  is  wholy  Deserted 
by  Tonstall  Rector  thereof  &  that  he  hath  betaken  himselfe  unto  the 
forces  raised   against  the   Parliamt   and   that   the   same   is   therefore 

T.  Al.  Ox 

2.  Vide  pp.  492,  565. 

3.  AI.   Ox. 

4.  Composition  Books  (Record  Office). 

5.  Walker,  part  ii,  p.  10. 


'    Caldbeck  549 

sequestred  to  the  use  of  Eichard  Lingard  who  is  nominated  to  the 
rectory  &  church  of  Workington  in  the  said  County  It  is  ordered  that 
the  said  Rectory  of  Colbeck  shall  from  henceforth  stand  so  sequestred 
to  the  use  of  Eichard  Hutton  a  godly  &  orthodox  divine  who  is  hereby 
requested  forthwth  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  said  Church  as  rector 
and  to  preach  diligently  to  the  pishoners  there.  ^ 

Colbeck.  Julij  29.   1645. 

Ordered  that  the  Eectory  of  Colbeck  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
Deserted  by  Tonstall  who  hath  betaken  himselte  to  the  Army  agt  ye 
Parliamt  be  sequestred  to  the  use  of  Richard  Hutton  Minister  of 
the  word.  Referred  the  said  Eichard  Hutton  to  ye  Assembly  to  be 
Exaided  for  the  said  Church.* 
Welbeck.  [Caldbeck.]  18  April  1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  [name  left  blank]  the  wife  of  ffredrick 
Tonstall  from  whom  the  vicarage  of  Welbeck  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  is  sequestred  It  is  ordered  that  the  sd  Mrs.  Tonstall  shall 
have  for  &  towards  the  maintennce  of  her  &  her  Children  the  full 
cleare  5th  pte  of  all  the  tithes  rents,  glebe  lande  &  Easter  booke  of  the 
sd  Rectorie  (all  taxes  &  charges  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole) 
unlesse  good  cause  be  shewn  to  the  contrary  on  the  16th  dai  of  July 
next.  3 

Caldbeck,  August  19.  1646. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  Richard  Hutton  Minister 
of  Caldbeck  in  the  County  of  Cumbrland  this  Coittee  doe  declare  & 
order  that  Mary  the  wife  of  ffrederick  Tunstale  from  whome  the 
rectorie  of  Caldbeck  aforesd  is  sequestred  shall  have  the  5th  pte  of 
the  pfits  of  the  sd  rectorie  from  the  time  that  the  said  Mrs.  Tunstale 
did  peticon  for  the  said  fift  pte  &  not  before  &  yt  all  taxes  &  charges 
be  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole  &  that  the  same  be  paid  in  Money 
by  the  sd  Mr.  Hutton  &  not  in  specie  which  the  Coittee  for  ye  sd 
County  are  desired  upon  exaicon  of  pties  on  both  sides  concerning  the 
value  of  the  said  Living  to  ascertaine  &  see  pd  accordingly.  4 

Caldbeck.  December  4.  1646. 

Upon  consideracon  had  of  the  peticon  of  Mary  wife  of  ffrederick 
Tonstall  from  whom  the  Rectory  of  Caldbeck  in  the  Countie  of 
Cumberland  is  Sequestred  &  Sevrall  Certificates  from  divers  of  the 
Cottee  of  pliamt  for  the  Said  Countie  whereby  it  appears  that  Mr. 
Hutton  to  whome  the  said  Rectorie  is  Sequestred  hath  hitherto 
deteyned  the  5th  pte  of  the  profitts  of  the  sd  Rectorie  to  her  greate 

1.  Add  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15669. 

2.  Ihid. 

3.  Ihid.,  15670. 

4.  Ibid. 


550  The   Ejected   of  1662 

impoverishmt  notwithstanding  the  Cotees  order  to  the  Contrarie  It  is 
ordered  that  he  doe  pale  unto  the  sd  Mrs.  Tunstall  the  full  5th  pte  of 
ye  pffitts  of  the  said  Rectorie  together  with  all  arreare  thereof  from 
the  tyme  that  the  first  peticone  for  the  same  within  14  daies  after 
notice  &  sight  hereof  In  default  whereof  It  is  ordered  that  the  said 
Rectorie  shall  stand  Sequestred  from  him  and  that  he  doe  then  also 
make  his  psnall  appearance  before  this  Cotee  on  the  11th  day  of 
ffebruary  next  to  answere  the  said  Contempt.' 

Caldbeck.  Martii  26.  1647. 

It  is  ordered  that  the  Peticon  of  Mary  the  wife  of  ffrederick 
Tunstall  from  whom  the  Rectorye  of  Caldbeck  in  the  Countie  of 
Cumberland  is  sequestred  (a  Coppie  whereof  is  hereto  annexed)  be 
referred  to  the  Comittee  of  pliamt  for  the  said  Countie  who  are 
desired  to  examine  whether  the  5th  pte  Graunted  her  out  of  the  sd 
Rectorie  be  of  soe  small  a  vallew  that  it  will  not  afford  her  &  her 
Children  a  Subsistence  &  to  Certifie  the  same  And  in  case  it  shall 
appeare  to  be  of  soe  small  a  vallew  This  Cotee  will  then  take  into 
Consideracon  the  peticon  for  relievinge  her  out  of  the  Prebend 
belonging  to  the  Church  at  Carlile  Sequestred  from  her  said  husband.' 

Richard  Lingard,  1645. 

Under  Workington  a  fuller  notice  of  liim  appears.^  He 
could  have  held  the  Caldheck  living  only  a  few  months. 

Richard  Hutton,  M.A.,  1645—1662. 

According  to  Foster,  Richard  Hutton  was  a  Cambridge 
graduate,  but  incorporated  in  Oxford  July  15,  1617. 
"  One  of  these  names,"  says  he  [he  gives  four  Richard 
Huttons]  "  sequestered  to  the  vicarage  of  Brightlingsea^ 
Essex,  and  to  the  rectory  of  Workington,  Cumberland, 
1645,  which  he  exchanged  for  Caldbeck,  July  same  year."^ 
His  identification  with  the  Essex  Hutton  is  tolerably 
certain ;  but  whether  Foster's  suggestion  that  he  was  the 
Cambridge  graduate  of  1617  be  correct  is  not  clear.  His 
appointment  to  Brightlingsea  must  have  been  about  1642 
or  1643,  and  the  gap  between  that  and  1617  is  very  con- 
siderable, during  which  we  have  little  information  about 
him.     He  was  in  charge  of  the  Curacy  of  Norton  Mande- 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  324. 

2.  Ibid.,  324. 

3.  Vide  p.  787. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 


Caldbeck  551 

ville  in  1640/  and  how  long  he  had  been  there  we  do  not 
know.     Davids  says  :  — 

The  Brightlingsea  Vicarage  was  sequestered  to  his  use  from  Robert 
Pettit,  for  "several  misdemeanours."  He  was  removed  from  Bright- 
lingsea,   by    order    of   the    Committee    for    Plundered   Ministers,    to 

Cumberland,    before    November    29.    1645 The    Rev.    James 

Thwaites,  the  present  rector  of  Caldbeck,  [1863]  kindly  informs  me 
that  Hutton  became  rector  there  in  1657,  and  that  the  first  register 
opens  with  entries  relating  to  six  children  of  his.^ 

The  date  1657  is  clearly  a  mistake.  The  documents 
above  cited  refer  to  the  transfer  of  Richard  Lingard  from 
Caldbeck  to  Workington,  and  Richard  Hutton  from 
Workington  to  Caldbeck  in  1645.  In  either  case  the 
living  could  have  been  held  only  a  week  or  two  before  the 
transfer  was  effected.  Hichard  Lingard  complained  that 
Hutton  kept  him  out  of  the  Workington  Rectory,  and  the 
documents  dealing  with  that  matter,  and  Mrs.  Tunstall's 
Fifths  do  not  present  Hutton  to  advantage.  Where 
money  was  concerned,  even  Ministers  sometimes  proved 
to  be  very  human. 

Reference  has  also  been  made  to  the  Hutton  entries  in 
the  Registers,  and  it  will  be  convenient  at  this  point  to 
insert  them.  Unfortunately  in  one  or  two  cases  the 
writing  is  not  decipherable  :  — 

Ann  the  daughter  of  Richard  and  Ann  Hutton  baptized  April  10th. 
Anno  Domini  1640. 

Elizabeth  ye  daughter  of  Richard  and  Ann  Hutton  Baptized 
January  ye  first  Anno  Domj  1642. 

Ffrances  the  daughter  of  Richard  and  Dorothy  Hutton  was  baptized 
November  24  A.D.  1650. 

Dorothy  ye  daughter  of  Richard  &  Dorothy  Hutton  was  baptized 
July  ye  24th  Anno  Domj  1652. 

Grace  Hutton  ye  daughter  of  Richard  &  Dorothy  Hutton  was 
baptized  february  14.  x\nno  Domj  1656. 

Thomas  the  Sone  of  Richard  &  Dorothy  Hutton  was  baptized 
December  2nd  1657. 

These  are  ye  names  of  ye  children  of  Richard  Hutton  minister  of 
Caldbeck. 

1.  Newcourt's  Reper.,  vol.  ii,  p.  440. 

2.  Annals  of  Evangelical  Nonconformity  m  Essex,  p.  542. 


552  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Ann  the  wife  of  Richard  Hutton  Minister  of  Caldbeck  was  buried 
in  the  Church  of  Caldbeck  July  17  Anno  Domj.  1644  having  had  .  .  . 
Richard  Hutton  her  .  .  .  being  husband  8  children. 

Richard  Hutton  and  Dorothy  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Richard  Sisson  of 
Dacre  were  maried  ye  12th  day  of  August  An.  Domj.  1649. 

William  pattison  of  Carlisle  &  Elizabeth  Hutton  of  Caldbeck  were 
married  on  Seaventh  day  of  November  1659. 

John  ffell  and  Ann  Hutton  were  maried  December  12th.  1659. 

William  ye  son  of  Richard  Hutton  and  Dorothy  was  baptized 
October  17.  An.  1661. 

The  statement  that  Richard  Hutton  had  eight  children 
by  his  first  wife,  Ann,  who  died  in  1644,  goes  some  way 
towards  filling  the  long  gap  previously  named;  and  so 
towards  justifying  Foster's  conjecture  that  he  was  the 
Cambridge  M.A.  of  1617 ;  and  the  further  statement  of 
his  wife's  burial  at  Caldbeck,  in  July,  1644,  raises  some 
interesting  questions.  Richard  Hutton  was  not  at  that 
time  Minister  at  Caldbeck.  If  indeed  he  had  left  Essex 
he  could  only  just  have  done  so.  Why  then  Caldbeck  as 
a  burial  place  for  his  wife?  Hutton  is  a  north  country 
name,  and  the  suggestion  is  that  both  he  and  his  wife 
were  natives  of  these  parts. 

Caldbeck  was  visited  by  George  Fox  in  1653,  the 
Bewleys  of  Hallcliffe  Hall,  in  the  Parish,  being  early 
converted  to  the  movement.  He  was  followed  almost 
immediately  by  Robert  Withers,  one  of  his  preachers,  an 
account  of  whose  experiences  is  as  follows  :  — 

1653  And  from  Embleton  the  sd  R.  W.  was  moved  to  goe  to  Cold- 
beck  Steeple  house,  where  he  spoke  to  priest  Hutton,  when  he  was  in 
his  high  place,  and  the  Rude  people,  the  priest's  hearers,  threw 
Robert  down  amongst  the  seats,  and  Dragged  him  forth  into  the  yard, 
and  threw  him  down  upon  the  ground,  and  punch'd  &  Beat  him  until! 
the  blood  gushed  out  at  his  mouth.  And  he  lay  for  Dead  some  time 
But  a  woman  took  pity  of  him,  &  held  up  his  Head  till  his  Breath 
came  to  him  again  (as  some  sd  who  stood  by).^ 

Calamy  does  not  give  Richard  Hutton  as  one  of  his 
Ejected  Ministers ;  but  Palmer  on  the  authority  of  Nicol- 
son  and  Burn  adds  him  to  the  list.^  The  statement  of 
the  latter  is  to  the  following  effect :  — 

1.  The  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth,  p.  35. 

2.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  iii,  p.  355. 


Caldbeck 


553 


In  1657  Richard  Hutton  was  rector,  who  probably  was  deprived  in 

his  turn  by  the  Bartholomew  act,  for  in  1663  Arthur  Savage,  M.A., 

who  had  been  ejected  from  Brougham  in  1644,  was  collated  by  Bishop 

Sterne,  i 

According  to  the  entries  in  the  Eegisters  above  given  lie 

was  here  in  October  1661 ;  and  his  Ejection  seems  very 

probable,  though  it  is  a  rare  case  in  our  area  of  one  so  late 

as  1662.     The  following  bears  upon  the  matter  :  — 

Sequestratio  Rectoriae  Ecclesiae  paroch.  de  Caldbeck  Concessa  est 
Magro  Arthuro  Savage  ultimo  die  Mensis  Decembris  Anno  Dni  1663  2 
E-ichard  Hutton  disappears  completely  from  view.  A 
person  of  that  name  held  the  Bootle  living  after  the 
E/estoration  f  but  whether  he  was  any  connection  cannot 
be  ascertained. 

Arthur  Savage,  M.A.,  1663—1700. 

Under  Brougham,  Westmorland,  Walker  says :  — 
He  was  first,  Despossest  of  this  Living  in  1644 ;    and  about  Three 

years  after  got  into   it  again,    and  kept   it  till   the  year    1655 ;    but 

without  receiving  any  of  the  Profits  all  that  time  except  One  Year. 

What  became  of  him  afterwards  I  know  not.  4 
His  son,  E-ichard  Savage,  was  Yicar  of  Thursby,^  and  Mrs. 
Savage  was  buried  April  29,  1685.  Arthur  Savage  was 
particularly  aggressive  against  the  Quakers,  who  were 
numerous  in  this  district.*^  He  was  Sir  Philip  Musgrave's 
intimate  friend,  and  it  is  recorded  that  he  "  lived  many 
years  in  his  house,  taught  his  children,  and  did  ye  offices 
of  a  Minister  of  God's  word."  ^ 
Jeffrey  Wybergh,  LL.B.,    1701 — 

He  was  collated  Mar.  7,  1700/1,  and  was  previously  at 
Bewcastle  and  Lamplugh.*^ 

1-  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  137. 

2-  Episcopal  Reg.  Carl. 
3.  Vide  p.  864. 

4-   Walker,  part  ii,  p.  372. 

5.  Vide  p.  544. 

6.  Vide  Besse's  "Sufferings,"  etc.,  vol.  i,  pp.  132,  133. 

7-   Life  of  Sir  Philip  Musgrave,  by  Gilbert  Burton  (p.  34).     There  are 
some  other  interesting  references  to  Arthur  Savage  in  this  pamphlet. 
8.  Vide  pp.  294,  776. 


Y.     ULDALE. 

In  older  documents  this  place  appears  as  "  Ulndale. " 
It  is  about  a  couple  of  miles  from  Ireby  in  a  southerly 
direction.  The  old  Church  on  the  roadside,  a  quaint  looking 
structure,  is  little  used,  a  new  one  having  been  erected 
nearer  the  village.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  John, 
and  the  Registers  begin  in  1642,  running  on  continuously. 
They  are  in  excellent  condition,  being  a  copy  from  much 
older  ones  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

This  copy  is  taken  from  an  old  paper  Register  and  begins  with  part 
of  ye  year  1642. 

At  the  end  is  the  following :  — 

Copy'd  by  me  Edward  Backhouse  Rector  in  the  year  1725. 

It  contains  a  list  of  Rectors.  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703, 
thus  refers  to  the  Registers  as  they  were  in  his  day :  — 
The  Remains  of  the  Register-Book  commence  at  1605  the  rest 
haveing  been  the  less  carefully  look'd  after,  because  at  the  end  of  each 
year  (as  appears  by  what's  left)  the  Minister  and  Churchwardens  used 
to  certify  that  a  Copy  of  that  year's  Lists  was  given  into  Court  at  the 
Annual  Visitation  or  General  Chapter.  Towards  the  beginning  of 
last  Century  particular  Notice  is  taken  of  all  the  Sundayes  whereon 
either  Mr.  Atkinson  (or  any  other  Minister)  preach 'd  in  the  Church  : 
And  it  is  observ'd  that  the  Bishop  (who  must  be  Bp  Snowden) 
preach'd  here  on  July  18.  1620.  NB.  Lancelot  the  Son  of  Sr  Francis 
Salkeld  Kt.  appears  to  have  been  Christen'd  here  on  the  16th  of 
January  A.D.  1661.^ 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

James  Carlile,  M.A.,  1583—1624. 

He  was  instituted  June  18,  1583,  and  is  described  as 
"  Deacon." 

George  Hudson,  1624—1647. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  21,  1624,  and  was  also  Rector  of 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  79. 


Uldale  555 

Kirkbride.  Foster  says  respecting  him  :  — "Of  Westmorland . 
St.  Edmund  Hall,  matric.  20  Jan.,  1608-9,  aged  29;  rector 
of  Kirkbride,  and  of  Uldale,  Cumberland,  1624 ;  father  of 
Christopher  1623."  This  Christopher  Hudson  graduated 
M.A.  from  the  same  University  matriculating  there  Feb. 
14,  1622-3  ^  at  the  age  of  16.  George  Hudson  died  in 
1647,  his  burial  entry  in  the  Uldale  Registers  reading 
thus  :  — 

1647  Mr  George  Hudson  Parson  of  Uldale  was  bury'd  ye  17th  Day 
of  September. 

Henry  Fallowfield,  1647 — 1665, 

Doubtless  he  belonged  to  the  same  family  as  Richard 
Fallowfield,  who  was  at  Crosby  Garrett  in  1596,  and  who 
is  given  as  of  Westmorland.  The  Sedbergh  School 
Register  has  Henry  Fallowfield,  born  in  Westmorland, 
who  entered  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  from  that 
School  in  1626,  being  elected  a  Fellow  in  1633.2  This 
may  have  been  the  Uldale  Incumbent.  The  Registers 
contain  the  following  Fallowfield  entries  :  — 

1649  William  ye  Son  of  Mr.  Fallowfield  was  baptiz'd  ye  20th  Day  of 
June. 

1651  Christopher  ye  Son  of  Mr.  Henry  Fallowfield  was  baptiz'd  the 
29th  of  October. 

1656  Augustine  the  Son  of  Henry  Fallowfield  Rector  of  ye  Rectory 
of  Uldale  was  baptized  upon  ye  24th  of  September. 

1665  Mr.  Henry  Fallowfield  Rector  of  Uldale  was  bury'd  upon  ye 
25th  Day  of  June  at  Temple  Sowerby  Church  in  Westmorland  Mr. 
Bernard  Robinson  made  a  Sermon  ye  same  day. 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  Henry  Fallowfield's 
ministry  received  no  interruption  at  the  Restoration, 
though  he  was  appointed  during  the  Commonwealth. 
From  the  fact,  however,  that  he  received  a  new  Institution 
on  Oct.  15,  1662,  on  a  Presentation  by  ''Jo.  Dalston  Ar." 
it  would  seem  that  in  this  way  he  sought  to  secure  his 
position. 

William  Walker,  M.A.,  1665—1677. 
He  was  instituted  Dec.  9,  1665,  on  the  same  Presenta- 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  P.  71. 


556  ,      The   Ejected   of  1662 

tion  and  was  a  Pluralist  having  Kirkby  There  as  well  as 
Uldale.^  He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1666. 
His  burial  entry  is  thus  given :  — 

1677  Mr.  William  Walker  Parson  of  Uldale  was  bury'd  the  26th 
Day  of  May  Mr.  Guy  preach'd  ye  same  day. 

During  the  vacancy  the  following  are  named  among  the 
preachers  who  did  duty  here  :  — 

[1677]  June  ye  24th  Mr.  Wm.  Ardrey  preach'd  at  Uldale  Church  by 
my  Lord  Bishop's  Order. 

July  ye  1st.  Mr.  Atkinson  preach'd. 

July  ye  8th  Mr.  Guy  preach'd. 

July  ye  T5th  Mr.  Ardrey  preach'd. 

July  ye  22nd  Mr.  Brisco  preach'd. 

July  ye  29th  Mr.  Ardrey  preach'd. 

Henry  Guy,  1677—1684. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  19,  1677,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion. Foster  gives  Henry  Guy  as  son  of  "  William  of 
Kendal,  Westmorland,  pleb.  pp.  Queen's  Coll.  matric.  20 
May,  1664,  aged  17;  B.A.  1667,  M.A.  1670;  incorporated 
at  Cambridge  1671."  '^  This  may  have  been  the  Uldale 
Rector.  The  following  from  the  Registers  refer  to  his 
family :  — 

1680  Henry  the  son  of  Mr.  Henry  Guy  rector  of  Uldale  was  baptiz'd 
ye  20th  Day  of  June. 

1682  John  ye  Son  of  Mr.  Henry  Guy  was  baptiz'd  ye  1st  Day  of 
October. 

John  ye  Son  of  Mr.  Henry  Guy  was  bury'd  ye  27th  Day  of  October 
[1682]. 

In  the  Boltongate  Registers  is  the  following :  — 

Phillis  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Henry  Guy  was  bapt.  ye  first  of  January 
1676-7. 

She  was  buried  a  few  months  later  in  the  same  place. 
Precisely  the  significance  of  these  entries  is  not  clear, 
unless  it  be  that  Henry  Guy  was  already  resident  and 
doing  duty  in  the  district.  This  may  well  have  been  so 
in  view  of  Walker's  Pluralism. 

1.  Vide  p.  1171. 
2-  Al.  Ox 


Uldale  557 

Henry  Guy  ceded  in  1684;  and  possibly  the  following 
may  refer  to  him  :  — 

Easter  1696. 

Henry  Guy  of  Watercroke  CI.  being  suspected  to  be  disafected  to 
ye  Governmt  is  in  Custody  at  Carlisle  aforesd.' 

Thomas  Nevinson,  M.A.,  1684—1697. 

He  was  inducted  Octv  29, 1684,  and  ceded  f  or  Torpenhow, 
in  the  account  of  which  place  the  reader  will  find  further 
information  about  him.^  The  Registers  give  the  follow- 
ing respecting  his  children  :  — 

1692  Susanna  the  Daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Nevinson  Eector  of 
Uldale  was  baptiz'd  ye  4th  day  of  April. 

1697  Ann  ye  Daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Nevinson  Eector  of  Uldale 
was  baptiz'd  the  10th  Day  of  October. 

Peter  Gregory,  B.A.,  1697—1719. 

He  was  instituted  March  3,  1697,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  executor  of  "  Xpr  Dalston  Ar."  Foster  says: — "  S. 
of  Giles  of  Ashpool,  co.  Lancaster,  pleb.  Brasenose  Coll. 
matric.  13  May,  1681,  aged  17 ;  B.A.  from  Hart  Hall  1685 ; 
rector  of  Uldale,  Cumberland,  1698."  The  Chester 
Visitation  Books  state  that  he  "exhibited"  as  Deacon  at 
Hoole,  in  Lancashire,  in  1685.  It  appears  from  the 
following  that  he  sought  the  living  at  Dean :  — 

1705  Apr.  9  Munday.  At  Dinner  Mr.  Gregory  and  Mr.  Lindsey  of 
Melmerby.  The  former  in  danger  of  loseing  Dean  by  G.  Lowther's 
better  Interest  in  Ld  Wharton,  &  Concerned  at  Encroachmts  on  his 
glebe  at  Ulndale ;  the  Latter  uneasy  in  the  want  of  his  Dues  but  will 
not  Sue.  3 

Gregory  was  not  successful  in  his  suit.     For  some  time  he 
held  the  living  at  Cockermouth,   also  the  Bassenthwaite 
Curacy.  * 
He  died  in  1719. 

1.  Kendal  Indictment  Book. 

2.  Vide  pp.  356,  582. 

3.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  3. 

4.  Vide  pp.  675,  703. 


558 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Edward  Backhouse,  B.A.,  1719 — 1752. 

Foster  says  that  he  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Backhouse, 
of  Caldbeck,  matriculated  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  July 
9,  1713,  at  the  age  of  18  years,  taking  his  B.A.  in  1717. 
As  already  intimated,  it  is  to  him  that  we  are  indebted 
for  the  copy  of  the  Registers  now  in  existence.  He  died 
in  1752.     He  took  charge  also  of  Ireby.  ^ 


1.  Vide  p.  562. 


VI.  '  lEEBT. 

Formerly  a  market  town,  Ireby  is  now  a  considerable 
Tillage,  about  seven  miles  south  west  of  Wigton.  The  original 
Churcb,  of  which  only  a  fragment  remains,  was  about  a 
mile  and  a  half  from  the  village,  but  the  present  building 
is  in  its  centre.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  James.  The  oldest 
Registers  are  a  flat,  parchment  volume,  and  they  begin  in 
1705.     They  are  headed  thus  :  — 

The  Register  of  the  Births  Marriages  &  Burialls  within  the  Parish 
of  Ireby^  from  the  year  of  our  Lord  1705 
Begun  by 
Tho.Ne  Vinson 
Vicar  of  Torpenhow, 
and 
Curate  of  Ireby 
So  teach  us  to  number  our  days  that  we  may  apply  our  hearts  unto 
wisdom. 

The  County  Histories  give  us  no  assistance  with 
Teference  to  a  list  of  Curates  or  Incumbents,  and  only  two 
or  three  names  for  the  Century  have  been  recovered  :  — 

John  Harrison,  1655. 

The  Survey  of  1649  has  the  following :  — 

Paid  out  of  the  Rectory  of  lerbye  for  a  Curat  Wages  five  pounds  by 
Mr.  John  Relfe.^ 

Unfortunately  the  name  of  this  "  Curat "  is  withheld ; 
nor  do  we  know  anything  of  John  Harrison  beyond  what 
is  contained  in  the  following  documents :  — 

Ireby.  July  24.  1655. 

Whereas  ye  Curacy  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Ireby  in  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  is  at  pnt  destitute  of  a  minister  And  Mr  John  Harrison 
Minr.  of  ye  word  hath  applied  himselfe  to  these  Trustees  for  his 
Settlemt  in  ye  said  Church  It  is  ordered  yt  ye  said  INIr.  Harrison  be 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Surveys,  vol.  ii. 


56o 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


setled  ^linister  of  ye  said  Church  Provided  he  first  pcure  ye  appro- 
bacon  of  ye  Comrs  for  approbacon  of  publique  preachers  in  yt  behalfe. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ric  Sydenham  Jo.  Humfrey  Jo  Pocock  Ri  Yong.' 

Ireby 
John  Harrison.         Know  all  men  by  these  psents  Order 

that  the  first  day  of  August  July  24.  1655 

in  the  yeare  One  thousand  

Six  hundred  ffifty    and  five  There  was  John  Harrison 

exhibited  to  ye  Comissionrs  for  approbation  Cert  as  aforsd 

of  publique  preachers  An  order  of  ye  by 

Trustees  for  maintenance  of  Ministers  for  Geo.  Larkham 

ye  setlement  of  Mr  John  Harrison  of 

in  the  Cure  of  the  parish  Church  of  Ireby  ^      Cockermouth 

in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Geo.  Benson  of 

Together  with  a  testimony  in  the  Bride  Kirke 

behalfe  of  the  said  John  Harrison  Rich,  filetcher 

of  his  holy  and  good  Conversation  of  Distinction 

Upon  perusall  and  due  consideration  of  the  pmisses        John  Woods. 

and  finding  him  to  be  a  person  qualified  as  in  

and  by  the  Ordinance  for  such  approbation  is 
required  The  Comissionrs  above  Menconed  have 
adjudged  &  approved  the  said  John  Harrison 
to  be  a  fit  person  to  preach  the  Gospell  and  have 
Graunted  him  admission  &  doe  admitt  the  said 
John  Harrison  to  the  Cure  of  Ireby  aforesaid  to  be 
full  &  perfect  possessor  and  Incumbent  thereof. 
And  doe  hereby  signify  to  all  persons  concerned  herein 
that  he  is  hereby  instituted  to  ye  profits  &  perquisitts 
&  all  Rights  &  dues  incident  &  belonging  to  ye 
said  Cure  as  fully  &  effectually  as  if  he  had  been 
instituted  &  inducted  according  to  any  such  Lawes 
&  Customes  as  have  in  this  case  formerly 
beene  made  had  or  used  in  this  Realme 
In  Witnesse  whereof  they  have  caused  the 
Comon  Seal  to  be  hereunto  affixed  &  ye  same 
to  be  attested  by  the  Hand  of  ye  Regestrar  by 
his  Highnesse  in  that  behalfe  appointed 
Dated  at  Whitehall  the  first  day  of  August, 
One  Thousand  six  hundred  fifty  &  five.  2 

Ireby  :  The  like  [approval]  for  Mr.  John  Harrison  for  the  Cure  of 
Ireby  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland.*     [Aug.  1.  1655.] 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  1008. 

2.  Ihid.,  996. 

3.  Ibid.,  968. 


Ireby  561 

Ireby.  August  13.  1655. 

Whereas  ye  Curacy  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Ireby  in  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  is  at  pret  destitute  of  a  Minr  &  ye  Care  of  pviding  for.  ye 
same  is  in  these  Trustees  It  is  ordered  yt  Mr.  John  Harrison  (approved 
&c)  doe  &  he  is  hereby  Authorised  forthwith  to  officiate  ye  Cure  of  ye 
said  Church  by  diligent  preaching  &  instructing  ye  pishionrs  of  ye 
said  pish  &  yt  he  shall  have  for  his  paines  therein  ye  yearely  Sume  of 
50li  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  Rectory  of  Ireby  aforesaid  ye  same  to  be 
accompted  from  ye  first  of  August  instant  &  to  be  Continued  unto  him 
for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  ye  duty  of  ye  Minister  of  ye  said 
place  or  till  further  ordr  of  ye  said  Trustees.  And  Mr.  Edmund 
Branthwaite  Eeceivr  is  hereby  appointed  and  Authorised  to  pay  ye 
Same  unto  him  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Jo  Humfrey  Jo  Pocock  Ra  Hall  Ric.  Yong.  i 

Ireby.  May.  25.  1658. 

Ordered  that  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recr  doe  inquire  the  true 
yearlie  value  of  the  tithes  of  Ireby  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  and 
some  responsible  person  or  per.sons  to  take  the  same  and  certifie  his 
doings  therein  to  these  Trustees  by  the  29th  of  June  next  when  these 
Trustees  doe  appoint  to  lett  the  said  Tithes  whereof  publique  notice  is 
to  be  given  in  the  said  parish.  2 

July  9.  1658. 

Ireby.  Mr  Harrison  moves  that  he  may  have  ye  rectory  Settled  on 
him — give  him  all  except  the  old  rent.  3 

Ireby.  July  14.  1658. 

Whereas  the  tithes  of  the  impropriate  rectory  of  Ireby  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  are  come  into  ye  possion  of  these  Trustees  by 
expiration  of  the  lease  thereof  In  whom  the  care  of  providing  for  the 
Cure  of  the  said  Church  is  incumbent  It  is  ordered  yt  the  rents  and 
profiitts  of  the  said  tithes  bee  graunted  to  and  for  increase  of  the  main- 
tennce  of  the  ministr  of  Ireby  aforesaid  and  from  time  to  time  inioyed 
by  Mr.  John  Harrison  approved  by  the  Comrs  for  approbation  of 
publique  preachers  for  such  time  as  hee  shall  continue  minister  of  Ireby 
aforesaid  or  further  ordr  of  these  Trustees.  And  yt  Mr.  Edmund 
Branthwayte  Recr.  doe  permitt  him  to  receive  ye  same  accordingly 
being  of  the  yearly  value  of  three  score  and  seaventien  poundes  six 
shillings  eight  pence. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett  Ra.  Hall  Jo.  Humfrey  Ri.  Yong.  4 

1-  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  972. 

2.  Ibid.,  980. 

3.  Ibid.,  985. 

4.  Ibid.,  995. 

A  K 


562  The   Ejected   of  1662 

July  14.  1658. 

Ireby  Settled  the  whole  tithe  of  Ireby  upon  ye  Minister  during  his 
Ministry.^ 

A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Barton  in  1663.2 

Thomas  Holme,  1684. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Aug.  17,  1662,  and  Priest 
Sept.  20,  1663.  The  Uldale  Registers  contain  the 
following  :  — 

1684  Anne  the  wife  of  John  Fell  of  Stockdale  was  bury'd  ye  9th 
Day  of  November  whose  funeral  Sermon  Thomas  Holme  Curate  of 
Ireby  preach'd  Text.  Heb.  9.  27.  And  it  is  appointed  unto  all  men 
once  to  Dye  but  after  that  ye  Judgmt. 

He  was  subsequently  at  Westward.^ 

Joseph  Waite,  1686. 

He  is  given  in  the  Episcopal  Register  as  Curate  here  in 
May,  1686,  and  was  subsequently  at  Thursby. 

Thomas  Nevinson,  1693 — 1728. 

He  was  Vicar  of  Torpenhow,  and  held  the  living  of 
Ireby  as  well,  being  licensed  to  serve  this  Cure  Oct.  31, 
1693.^ 

Thomas  Cantley,  1728-9. 

His  marriage  appears  in  the  Registers  thus  :  — 

1728-9  Thomas  Cantley  Clerk  &  Deborah  Kalph  Married  the  14th 
Day  of  ffebruary. 

Edward  Backhouse,  1735. 

He  signs  the  Registers  as  Curate  this  year.  He  also 
held  the  living  at  Uldale.^ 

Benjamin  Lazonby,  1753. 

He  appears  in  the  Registers  this  year. 

James  Marshall,  1778. 

He  was  appointed  January,  1778. 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  985. 

2.  Vide  p.  1226. 

3.  Vide  p.  529. 

4.  Vide  p.  582. 

5.  Vide  p.  558. 


Ireby 


56; 


► 


The  Registers  state  :  — 

The  Number  of  Families  in  the  Parish  of  Ireby  as  given  in  to  the 
Bishop  the  14th  day  of  June  1749  at  his  Primary  Visitation  at  Wigton 
The  Parish  of  Ireby  contains  seventy  three  Families 
to  wit 

Of  Quakers  2 

Of  Papists   1. 

Of     ye     Communicants    of 
the  Church  of  England...  70 


In  all  73. 


The  Number  of  Families  in  the  Parish  of  Ireby  as  given  to  the 
Bishop  ye  11  of  June  1763,  75  Families  all  of  the  Communion  of  the 
Church  of  England  Except  one  Family  of  Quakers. 


VII.     BOLTON. 

This  place  often  appearing  as  Bolton,  sometimes  as  Bolton 
Mealsgate  and  Boltongate,  must  be  carefully  distinguished 
from  Bolton  in  Westmorland,  between  Kirkby  Thore  and 
Morland.  It  is  a  small  village  about  two  miles  south  east 
of  Mealsgate  Station,  and  half  a  dozen  south  west  of 
Wigton.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  All  Saints,  and  the 
present  Rector  claims  uniqueness  for  its  vaulted  roof. 
"  Probably,"  he  says,  "  it  is  the  only  one  in  England, 
certainly  there  is  not  more  than  another  like  it."  ^  The 
Registers  are  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition,  and  begin 
with  April  3,  1619,  an  earlier  volume  having  disappeared. 
Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703,  refers  to  this  earlier 
book,  which,  he  says,  began  in  1574;  and  he  further 
states  that  it  "  like  other  matters  has  been  much  neglected 
and  spoil'd."  ^  The  writing  of  the  earliest  existing 
Register  Book  is  faded  in  many  places.  After  1637  it 
becomes  even  more  illegible,  and  a  break  occurs  until 
about  1662.  The  next  volume  is  oblong,  and  is  stated  ta 
have  been  bought  in  1711.  It  is  signed  "  Obadiah  Yates, 
Rector." 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

William  Turner,  1567 — 1628. 

He  was  presented  by  George  Porter  of  Bolton.  Foster, 
who  mentions  several  William  Turners  among  his  Oxford 
graduates,  has  the  following  in  relation  to  William  Turner,, 
student,  Christ  Church,  in  1561:— "B.A.  22  Oct.,  1562, 
M.A.  13  Feb.,  1565-6,  B.D.  sup.  June,  1573;  one  of  these 
names  rector  of  Bolton,  Cumberland,  1568."  ^  His  burial 
entry  appears  in  the  Registers  thus :  — 

1.  Rector's  communication. 

2.  Miscel.;  p.  92. 
3-  Al.  Ox. 


Bolton  565 

Mr.  Wyllni  Turn,  pson  of  bolton  was  buryed  ye  4th  Day  of  november 
1628. 

William  Fairfax,  M.A.,  1629. 

The  Institution  Books  say  that  he  was  instituted  Dec.  9 
1629,  on  a  Presentation  by  "  Ricus  Tolson  Ar.  et  Tho. 
ffairfax  Cli  hac  vice  Patron."  The  Episcopal  Register 
gives  January  10th,  1629-30  as  the  date.  The  following 
entry  occurs  in  the  Registers  :  — 

Mr.  William  Fairfax  Rector  of  Bolton  was  buried  ye  2nd  of  May 
1665. 
This  seems  to  suggest  a  continuous  ministry  through  all 
the  changes  of  the  Commonwealth  and  the  Restoration ; 
but  the  case  is  by  no  means  so  simple  as  that.  William 
Fairfax  was  a  Pluralist^  having  the  Castle  Sowerby  ^ 
living  in  addition  to  the  one  at  Bolton.  In  1646  he 
resigned  the  Castle  Sowerby  living  and  retained  Bolton. 
At  the  Restoration  he  resumed  the  Castle  Sowerby  living, 
which  he  finally  resigned  in  1664,  a  little  before  his  death. 
The  difficulty  is  to  say  what  happened  in  relation  to 
the  Bolton  living ;  but  the  evidence  points  in  the  direction 
of  Sequestration. 

John  Forward,  1655/6 — 1660. 

Calamy  refers  to  John  Forward  as  an  Ejected  Minister 
who  afterwards  conformed.  In  his  1713  Edition,  he  says, 
with  reference  to  him  and  some  others,  that  he  no  longer 
includes  them  in  his  list  of  Ejected  Ministers,  having  been 
informed  since  his  previous  Edition  that  they  had  con- 
formed. -  Foster  mentions  several  persons  of  this  name, 
but  he  makes  no  attempt  to  identify  any  one  of  them  with 
the  person  in  question.  John  Forward  appears  to  have 
been  previously  at  Bassenthwaite  and  Lamplugh.^ 
The  Lambeth  MS.,  1021,  under  Feb.  29,  1655-6,  says : 
"  Dalston — put  Mr.  Forward."  This,  however,  does  not 
appear  to  have  been  done ;  and  the  same  document,  under 
Nov.  22,  1654,  gives  a  Mr.  Forward  for  "Mary  Ottery" 


1.  Vide  p.  492. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  161. 

3.  Vide  pp.  672,  773 


566  '    The   Ejected   of  1662 

in  Cornwall,  but  whether  this  is  the  same  individual  has 
not  been  ascertained.  John  Forward  appears  among 
Peter  Jackson's  certifiers  in  1655-6,  and  is  there  described 
as  "  of  Bolton."  ^  Unless,  therefore,  that  is  an  error  on 
the  part  of  the  scribe,  he  must  have  removed  from 
Lamplugh  almost  immediately.  The  following  deals  with 
his  Augmentation  :  — 

Bolton.  March  2nd  1659. 

Whereas  it  appeares  by  ordr  of  ye  Comittee  for  plundred  Ministers 
in  that  behalfe  that  ye  psent  Maintennce  belonging  to  Mr.  John 
fforward  Ministr  of  Bolton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  doth  not 
exceede  ye  yearely  value  of  551i  ye  said  parish  is  large  &  the  said  Mr. 
fforward  able  &  deserving  whereupon  the  said  Comittee  have  especially 
referred  it  to  these  Trustees  to  consider  how  an  Augmentacon  may  be 
speedily  setled  upon  the  said  i\Ir.  fforward  for  increase  of  his  Main- 
tennce In  pursuance  of  ye  sd  ordr  of  ye  Comittee  for  plundred 
Ministrs  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearely  sume  of  fforty  poundes  be 
Graunted  to  &  for  increase  of  the  ^laintennce  of  the  said  Mr.  fforward 
and  that  the  same  be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto  him  To  hold  for 
such  time  as  he  shall  continue  faithfully  to  discharge  ye  duty  of  the 
Ministr  of  the  said  place  or  further  order  And  that  Mr.  Edmund 
Branthwaite  Recr  doe  pay  ye  same  unto  him  accordingly  out  of  the 
rents  and  profitts  of  the  tithes  of  Meale  Garner  of  Carlisle  in  the  said 
County. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Geo  Cowper  Ri  Yong  Jo  Pocock  Wm  Skynner.' 

Two  or  three  members  of  the  Forward  family  suffered 
Ejection  after  the  Restoration,  and  it  would  appear  that 
something  approaching  it  was  experienced  by  John 
Forward.  He  was  here  as  late  as  March,  1659-60 ;  and  at 
the  Restoration,  William  Fairfax  being  still  alive, 
Forward  would  have  to  make  way  for  the  old  Incumbent. 
We  lose  sight  of  him  from  this  point.  A  person  of  this 
name  compounded  in  1667  for  his  First  Fruits  as 
Minister  of  Alford,  Sussex.  Dorset  and  Devon  are  the 
two  counties  where  the  family  abounded  at  this  time.  It 
may  be  that  he  was  a  native  of  those  parts  and  returned 
thither  at  the  Restoration.^ 

1.  Vide  p.  496. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  987. 

3.  Vide  Cong.  Trans.,  Oct.,  1908,  p.  344;  May,  1909,  p.  125;  and 
Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  270. 


Bolton  567 

William  Fairfax,  M.A.,  1660—1665. 

He  retained  the  living  this  time  until  his  death  which 
occurred  in  1665. 

Daniel  Heckstetter,  M.A.,  1665 — 1686. 

He  belonged  to  the  Heckstetters  of  Keswick,  a  Dutch 
family,  who  came  over  to  work  the  lead  mines  in  the  days 
of  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  was  the  son  of  David  Heckstet- 
ter, Vicar  of  Brough;  and  respecting  him  Foster  has  the 
following: — "Queen's  Coll.  matric.  4  Nov.,  1631,  aged 
17;  B.A.  10  July,  1635,  M.A.  20  April,  1638,  'served  the 
king  in  his  army.'  "  ^  He  was  ordained  Priest  Aug.  17, 
1662,  and  for  some  time  was  at  Sebergham  and  Master  of 
the  Grammar  School  at  Carlisle. ^  The  Episcopal  Register 
gives  his  license  to  preach  and  his  subsequent  Institution 
to  Bolton  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

Eodem  die  [Dec.  21.  1663]  Licentia  ad  inserviendum  curae  animarum 

Concessa  Danieli  Heckstetter  Clico  in  Artibus  Magro. 

Institution  and   Induction   of   D.    Heckstetter   to   Bolton   June   8th 

1665. 

He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1666;  and  held 
the  Bolton  living  until  his  death.  Bishop  Nicolson 
preserves  the  following  inscription,  which  he  saw  upon  a 
brass  plate,  in  the  Churchyard,  "all  of  which,"  he  says, 
"  (except  the  Date  of  his  Burial)  is  said  to  be  the  Composure 
of  the  deceas'd  Rector  himself  "  : 

Depositum  Danielis  Hechstetterij  quondam  hujus  Ecclesiae  Rectoris, 
qui,  post  defatigatos  Viginti  Annorum  Labores,  tandem  requievit  in 
Domino,  Creatoris  sui  brachijs  Confisus.  Sepultus  7o  die  Apr.  A.D. 
1686.' 

Michael  Robinsox,  1686 — 1701. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  5,  1686.  From  this  time  onward, 
during  a  number  of  years,  the  two  livings — Bolton  and 
Plumbland — were  held  together,  Michael  Robinson  being 
instituted   "  on  a    Presentation    of  Richard    Thomson    of 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  pp.  181,  499 ;  also  p.  500  for  suggested  connection  with  Ireby. 

3.  Miscel.,  p.  92.  A  note  of  his  burial  appears  in  the  Bolton 
Registers. 


568  '     The   Ejected   of  1662 

Kellam  in  the  County  of  York  esquire."  ^  How  impover- 
ished the  livings  were  at  this  time  is  evident  from  the 
f  olloAving  :  — 

The  Parsonage  House  (haveing  first  drop'd  piecemeal)  was  much 
contracted  by  the  last  Incumbent,  Mr.  Robinson;  who  paid  j'early  (as 
was  too  reasonably  suspected)  so  high  a  Quit-Rent  out  of  this  Rectory 
and  that  of  Plumbland,  to  his  patron  Mr.  Thompson,  that  he  was 
never  well  able  to  keep  himself  and  his  Family  (any  more  than  that 
of  his  Curate)   out  of  a  starveing  Condition.^ 

Michael  Robinson  died  in  1701. 

GusTAvus  Thompson,  1702—1710. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  2,  1702,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion. The  following  interesting  account  of  the  Thompson 
family  from  the  pen  of  the  late  Wm.  Jackson,  F.S.A., 
merits  a  place  here,  though  it  covers  ground,  in  part, 
occupied  by  the  passage  from  the  pen  of  Thomas  Leathes 
under  Plumbland :  — 

Tangier  House  in  Whitehaven  became  the  property  of  Gustavus 
Thompson  Esq.  of  Arkleby  Hall,  Oct.  1722.  I  may  be  allowed  to 
enlarge  a  little  upon  Gustavus  Thompson  and  his  family,  for  their 
story  has  not  been  told,  and  is  well  worth  the  telling.  Soon  after  the 
glorious  Restoration,  for  such  jolly  doings  would  scarcely  have  taken 
place  in  the  days  of  Puritanism,  or  else  would  have  been  kept  more 
sub  rosa,  Mr.  Potter  of  Wreay  Hall,  in  the  parish  of  Bolton,  attended 
the  races  at  York,  and  was  unfortunate  in  his  betting  transactions; 
money  was  wanted  to  pay  his  debts  of  honour,  and  then  and  there  he 
sold  his  advowsons  of  Bolton  and  Plumbland  to  Mr.  Richard  Thomp- 
son of  Kilham  in  Yorkshire,  for  £100  down.  It  is  sad  to  think  that 
for  a  few  years  Mr.  Thompson  received  no  interest  on  his 
capital,  but  in  1686  fortune  smiled,  for  the  Rev.  Daniel  Heck- 
stetter  of  the  Heckstetters  of  Keswick,  Rector  of  Bolton,  died ;  and 
in  the  very  same  year  the  Rev.  Joseph  Nicolson,  father  of  William 
Nicolson,  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  was  laid  beneath  the  Communion  table 
at  Plumbland.  Mr.  Richard  Thompson  was  at  last  in  a  position  to 
recoup  himself,  and  well  he  availed  himself  of  the  opportunity.  He 
presented  both  rectories  to  the  Rev.  Michael  Robinson  with  an  agree- 
ment in  the  background  that  he — the  patron — was  to  receive  £60  per 
annum  for  fourteen  years,  after  which  the  rector  was  to  have  both 
livings  clear  for  the  rest  of  his  life ;  but  alas  !  for  poor  ^lichael,  he 
died  in  the  very  terminal  year  of  1700.     Mr.  Richard  Thompson  was 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  149. 

2.  Miscel.  &c.,  p.  92. 


Bolton  569 

not  quite  prepared  for  this  stroke  of  good  luck,  for  his  sons  were 
all  laymen,  and  Gustavus,  who  was  the  one  pitched  upon  to  succeed 
to  this  ecclesiastical  prize,  was  in  the  army ;  but  there  were  no  penny 
papers  in  those  days;  a  Mr.  Green,  usher  at  Cockermouth  school,  kept 
the  two  livings  going  for  a  twelvemonth,  during  which  period  Captain 
Gustavus  Thompson  dyed  his  red  coat  into  a  black  gown,  and  all  went 
on  serenely.  He  held  both  livings  imtil  his  death  in  1710.  In  addi- 
tion to  being  owner  of  these  livings  Mr.  Thompson  was  Squire  of 
Arkleby  Hall,  wliicli  the  Penruddocks,  sorely  impoverished  by  their 
support  of  Charles,  had  been  obliged  to  alienate.  Mr.  Thompson  had 
three  sons ;  his  successor  at  Arkleby,  Gustavus ;  Richard,  ancestor  of 
the  present  Sir  Thomas  Raikes  Thompson,  Baronet,  of  Hartsbourne, 
Hertfordshire ;  and  another  to  whom  was  given  his  mother's  maiden 
name  of  Godbold,  baptized  at  Plumbland,  February  8th,  1703-4. 
Gustavus  it  was  who,  May  4th,  1721,  as  the  Crosscanonby  register 
tells  us,  married  Johanna  Senhouse.  Apparently  he  went  to  reside 
at  Whitehaven  during  the  period  when  Arkleby  Hall  was  being  re- 
built, for  1725  is  the  date  over  the  front  door  there.  On  September 
9th,  1725,  Gustavus  sold  Tangier  House  to  Mr.  Gilpin.  .  .  .  The 
grandfather  of  Gustavus  seems,  in  his  own  person,  to  have  exhausted 
the  family  good  fortune ;  for  when  this  third  successor  tried  to  better 
himself  by  gambling  in  South  Sea  stock,  he  was  a  holder  when  the 
great  crash  took  place,  and  was  sorely  smitten.  He  was  obliged  to 
sell  the  two  rectories  to  Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson  for  £500,  and  ultimately 
Arkleby  fell  into  the  same  hands.  His  son,  Gustavus,  became  vicar 
of  Penrith  in  1748,  and  on  the  13th  of  April,  1749,  I  find  the  following 
entry  in  the  Plumbland  register  : — "Gustavus  Thomson,  Vicar  of 
Penrith  and  Chaplain  to  Richard,  Lord  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  who  died 
at  Penrith,  and  was  buried  in  Mr.  Senhouse's  vault  at  Canonby 
Church."  7'his  Ls  the  la.st  trace  of  the  family  of  Thompson  that  I  can 
find  in  Cumberland.^ 

The  Curate  who  served  at  Bolton  was  Edward  Keddy. 
He  was  licensed  as  such  Oct.  25,  1686.  His  burial  entry 
in  the  Registers  is  thus  given  :  — 

Mr.  Edward  Kedday  Curate  of  Bolton  buried  the  28th  of  August 

1710. 

The  following  notice  from  the  pen  of  the  distinguished 

1.  "Whitehaven  :  Its  Streets,"  &c.,  by  W.  Jackson,  F.S.A.  Trans.  (O.S.) 
for  1878.  Mr.  Jackson  adds  as  note  : — "  I  deem  it  right  to  state  that 
several  points  in  the  above  statement  have  been  called  in  question  by  an 
antiquarian  friend,  who,  besides  his  very  extensive  general  genealogical 
knowledge,  has,  in  this  case,  at  his  conrmiand  special  sources  of  informa- 
tion. •  I  think  he  has  at  least  proved  that  a  brother  Henry  was  in  holy 
orders  at  this  very  time." 


570  '         The    Ejected    of   1662 

prelate,  Bishop  Nieolson,  as  to  the  condition  of  the  Church 
and  the  religious  complexion  of  the  Parish,  in  1703,  is 
worth  appending :  — 

The  Chancell  here  is  a  very  great  Length;  and  its  high  walls  are 
good  and  firm.  There  are  five  Windows  in  it ;  whereof  half  of  each 
is  wall'd  up.  The  want  of  Rails  is  what's  Common  with  this  and  a 
great  many  of  its  Neighbours  :  But  the  Irregularity  of  the  Floor 
(which  lyes  in  hollow  pits)  and  a  great  rough  Heap  of  stones  at  the 
very  Entrance  of  the  Door,  are  somewhat  Extraordinary.  The  Roof 
needs  looking  after.  The  body  of  the  Church  and  the  two  Side 
Isles  (belonging  to  the  parishioners  in  Common)  are  cover'd  with  a 
Tapering  Arch  of  large  hewen  Stone;  over  which  there's  an  outer 
Covering  of  Slate  :  So  that  a  small  matter  will  repair  and  beautify  it 
in  such  a  manner  as  to  give  it  a  very  glorious  Appearance.  The 
Mischief  is,  there  are  so  many  Dissenters  (chiefly  Anabaptists  and 
Quakers)  in  the  parish,  that  it  will  be  difficult  to  set  forward  anything 
of  that  kind  :  till  God  and  the  Governmeait  blesses  us  with  a  more 
elTectual  Method  of  Raiseing  our  Church  Assessments.  A  set  of 
new  Books  has  been  procured,  since  Mr.  Thompson  came  to  the 
Liveing  :  But  the  old  Curate  (poor  Mr.  Keddy)  looks  as  tatter'd  as 
ever;   but   will   hereafter,  I  hope,  have  his  Salary  rais'd.' 

Obadiah  Yates,  1710. 

He  was  instituted  Dec.  26,  1710,  and  his  Induction  into 
the  Church  and  B-ectory  is  given  in  the  Eegisters  as 
occurring  on  January  15,  1710/11. 

1.  Miscel.,  pp.  92,  93. 


\ 


VIII.     ALLH  ALLOWS. 

Allhallows  is  about  a  mile  from  Mealsgate  Station.  "Tlio. 
this  place,"  says  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  "now  pretends, 
as  it  has  done  for  some  years,  to  be  an  independent  parish 
of  itself;  yet  it  appears  that  the  reputed  Church  was 
antiently  no  more  than  a  Chappie  of  Ease  in  the  parish 
of  Aspatrick,  the  Yicar  whereof  was  obliged  (at  certain 
Times)  to  attend  Divine  Service  at  this  Chappie  of  All- 
Saints  at  Ukmanby."  ^  The  old  Chapel  is  still  standing, 
though  it  is  not  much  used.  It  is  a  primitive  looking 
structure,  quite  secluded,  practically  in  the  grounds  of 
the  Moor  family,  the  one  which  has  replaced  it,  dedicated 
to  All  Saints,  being  half  a  mile  away.  The  Registers 
begin  in  1666  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

A  Register  of  all  the   Christenings  Marriages   and   Burials   in  the 

Parish  of  All  hallows  Since  the  year  of  our  Lord  God   1666.     Jno. 

Thompson  Curate. 

In  this  case,  only  the  most  meagre  list  of  men  who  have 
served  the  place  is  available,  the  Historians  giving  us 
little  or  no  assistance.  The  following  document  shows 
that  it  considerably  occupied  the  attention  of  the  Plun- 
dered Ministers'  Committee  during  the  Commonwealth 
period  :  — 

Cumberland.  Att    the    Committee    for    plundered    Ministers 

Martij  3  Anno  Dni  1646. 

By  vertue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  pliamt  of  the  second  of 
May  last  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearely  rent  of  Eight  Poundes 
reserved  and  payable  to  the  Bishop  of  Carlile  out  of  the  Impropriate 
Tythes  of  the  Rectory  of  All  hallowes  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
And  the  further  yearley  sume  of  Twenty  pounds  out  of  the 
Impropriate  Tythes  &  pfitts  of  Bothell  &  Blenerhassett  sequestred 
from  Lancelot  Salkeld  Delinquent  be  Allowed  and  paide  to  &  for 
increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  such  Minister  as  this  Comittee  shall 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   103. 


572  The   Ejected   of  1662 

approve  of  to  officiate  in  the  pish  Church  of  Alhallowes  aforesaid  the 
present  Maintenance  belonging  to  the  said  Church  being  a  Yearely 
Stipend  of  Three  pounds  sixe  shillings  and  Eight  pence  And  the 
Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to  allowe  &  pay  the  same 
Accordingly  Att  such  tymes  &  seasons  of  the  Yeare  as  the  saide 
Tythes  &  pfitts  shall  growe  due  &  payable. 
Har.  Grimston.' 

The   following    are    tlie    only    names    that    have   been 
recovered :  — 


Chambers,  1650. 

This  is  inserted  on  the  authority  of  William  Lampit,^ 
and  probably  he  is  the  person  of  that  name  who  afterwards 
appears  at  Wigton.^ 

John  Thompson,  1666—1725. 

It  is  not  certain  that  John  Thompson  served  from  1666. 
It  may  be  that  his  signature  in  the  Registers  is  merely 
to  indicate  that  he  made  the  present  copy  of  them.  Bishop 
Nicolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

The  present  Curate,  Mr.  Thompson,  is  poor  enough  in  parts  & 
Learning  :  But  haveing  a  small  Tenement  in  the  Neighbourhood  and 
no  Charge  of  Children,  is  not  so  very  low  in  his  temporal  State. 
I  gave  him  part  of  my  Lord  Thanet's  Charity ;  which  he  promis'd 
to  bestow  in  purchasing  some  good  Books.' 

His  burial  entry  reads  thus :  — 

Buried  November  19th  1725  John  Thompson,  Curate. 
The  Thompsons,  Adam  and  John,  were  Churchwardens. 

Samuel  Relph,  1726. 

He  appears  in  the  Registers  as  Curate  in  September, 
1726.  Possibly  he  may  have  rendered  John  Thompson 
assistance  earlier.  The  following  almost  certainly  refers 
to  him,  and  would  suggest  his  presence  here  before 
Thompson's  death  :  — 

Buried  February  21st  Char  filia  Sarah  Samuelis  Relph  Sepult. 

1.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.  F.  1.  (E«cord  Office). 

2.  Vide  p.  624. 

3.  Vide  p.  524. 

4-   Miscel.,  p.    104. 


AUhallows 


573 


This  immediately  follows  1722-3,  as  does  this  :  — 

February  23.     Dilectissima  Sarah  Samuelis  Belph  uxor. 

Take  also  the  following :  — 

October    31st.      Armo    Domini     1725     Sepulta    erat    Priscilla    filia 
Charissima  Samuelis  Relph. 

William  Taylor,  1743. 

There  is  a  second  copy  of  the  Registers  which  is  in  a 
very  dilapidated  condition.  They  contain  little  of 
interest. 


IX.     TORPENHOW. 

In  older  documents  this  name  appears  as  "  Torpenho," 
"  Torpenhoe,"  "  Torpenno,"  and  in  several  other  forms. 
It  is  the  name  of  a  small  village  lying  on  elevated  ground 
some  eight  or  nine  miles  south  west  of  Wigton;  and  its 
Church  commands  full  view  of  the  country  to  the  west, 
as  far  as  the  Solway.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael;  and 
its  Registers  begin  in  1651.  They  are  in  fair  condition. 
The  following  is  the  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Anthony  Walkwood,  1576 — 1612. 

He  was  vicar  of  Hutton-in-the-Forest  during  the  same 
period ;  ^  and  it  would  seem  that  he  resided  at  the  latter 
place. 

Bernard  Robinson,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1612—1632. 

He  was  collated  January  20,  1612-3,  by  his  brother. 
Bishop  Henry  Robinson ;  and  respecting  him  Foster  gives 
the  following  :—"  B.A.  from  Queen's  Coll.  20  June,  1579, 
fellow  1582,  M.A.  14  May,  1582,  B.D.  13  Nov.,  1591,  vicar 
of  Burford,  Oxon,  1593,  and  of  Torpenhow,  Cumberland, 
1613 — 1632,  Canon  of  Carlisle  1612 — 1634 ;  perhaps  father 
of  Barnard  and  of  George,  1631."  ^  He  was  previously 
at  Great  Musgrave.^ 

Bernard  Robinson,  M.A.,  1632—1646. 

He  was  collated  Sept.  3,  1632,  and  was  the  son  of  his 
immediate  predecessor.  He  was  educated  at  Queen's 
College,  Oxford,  where  he  matriculated  Nov.  21,  1628,  at 
the  age  of  20  years,  graduated  B.A.  July  24,  1630,  M.A. 
June  27,   1633,   and   was   incorporated  at  Cambridge  in 


1.  Vide  p.  486. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Vide  p.  1116. 


Torpenho  w  575 

1633.^  He  was  an  ardent  Royalist,  and  during  tlie  Civil 
War  suffered  Sequestration.  Walker  names  him  in  his 
list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy"  and  says  that  "  he  had  no  Fifths 
paid  to  him."  ^  The  following  documents,  however,  show 
how  little  reliance  is  to  he  placed  upon  Walker's  state- 
ment. They  further  indicate  that  the  charge  of  ruthless- 
ness  so  frequently  brought  against  the  Commonwealth 
regime  is  often  considerably  overdone,  and  that  there  was 
no  disposition  to  press  the  case  hardly  against  Bernard 
Robinson.  He  gave  the  Sequestrators  considerable  trouble 
before  his  removal  was  effected,  and  their  patience  must 
impress  the  reader. 

Torpenhow.  ult.   ffebr.   Anno  Dni  1645. 

Whereas  Bernard  Robinson  vicar  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Torpenhow 
in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  hath  pswaded  his  parishioners  to  rayse 
and  Maintayne  armes  to  serve  under  ye  comision  of  ye  Earle  of 
Newcastle  and  hath  in  his  pulpitt  prayed  for  ye  confusion  of  ye 
Parliamt  averring  yt  ye  Pari,  was  but  a  broken  legged  Parliamt  but  a 
peece  of  a  Parliamt  &  hath  otherwise  expressed  great  Malignancy 
agt  ye  Parlt  &  hath  heretofore  very  much  neglected  his  cure  preaching 
not  aboue  once  a  moneth  It  is  therefore  ordered  yt  ye  sd  Rectory 
&  ye  pfitts  thereof  shall  stand  and  be  sequestred  from  ye  sayd 
Bernard  Robinson  to  ye  use  of  some  godly  &  orthodox  Divine-' 
Torpenhow.  28   ffebruar  1645. 

Ordered  that  Mr.  Robinson  from  whom  ye  vicarage  of  Torpenhow 
in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  is  sequestred  shall  have  tyme  to  remove 
wth  his  family  goods  and  household  Stuff  out  of  ye  sayd  vicarage 
house  till  this  day  six  weeks  ye  sayd  Mr.  Robinson  comitting  noe 
waste  nor  spoyle  in  or  upon  ye  sayd  house  or  any  of  ye  gleab  Lande 
thereof.* 

Torpenhow.  23  April  A.  Dni  1646. 

A  pelicon  beinge  p'ferred  this  day  for  ye  setlinge  of  a  Minister  in 
ye  parish  of  Torpenhow  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  in  ye  steed  of 
Mr.  Robinson  from  whom  ye  vicarage  of  ye  sd  Church  is  sequestred 
and  the  sayd  Mr.  Robinson  hath  peticoned  this  Comittee  to  bee  first 
heard  in  ye  sd  cause  p'ducinge  a  Cerficat  from  ye  Comittee  for  ye  sd 
County  of  his  good  life  abilytes  and  desert  for  yt  ye  sd  vicarage  was 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Walker,  Pt.  ii,  p.  340. 

3.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

4.  Ibid. 


576  The   Ejected   of   1662 

sequestred  upon  Certificate  &  exaicons  likewise  returned  from  ye  sd 
Coniittee  This  Comittee  doe  appoint  to  take  ye  p'misses  into  their 
further  consideracon  on  this  day  seaven  night  on  wch  day  ye  aforesd 
Certificates  and  exaicons   are   to    bee  likewise  p'duced.' 

Torpenho.  Junij  13,  1646. 

Whereas  the  vicarage  of  the  pish  church  of  Torpenhow  in  the 
Countie  of  Cumberland  is  sequestred  by  order  of  the  Cotee  from 
Bernard  Robinson  This  Comittee  doe  hereby  appoint  Lancellott 
Appleby  John  Tolson  Cuthbert  Tickell  &  Anthony  Appleby  to  provide 
for  the  Service  of  the  cure  of  the  said  Church  &  to  sequester  &  Collect 
&  gather  the  tithes  rents  revenues  &  profits  of  the  sd  vicarage  & 
therewith  Satisfie  such  as  they  shall  provide  for  the  said  service  till 
the  pleasure  of  this  Cotee  be  further  Knowne  And  it  is  ordered  that 
the  comtee  for  the  sd  Countie  be  assistant  to  the  sd  sequestrators  & 
doe  remove  the  sd  Mr.  Robinson  out  of  the  sd  vicarage  house  and  to 
take  care  from  tyme  to  tyme  that  this  order  be  duly  executed.^ 

Torpenho.  Junii  20,   1646. 

Upon  the  himible  peticon  of  Ffrances  the  wife  of  Bernard  Robinson 
from  whom  the  vicarage  of  Torpenno  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland 
is  sequestred  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Mrs.  Robinson  shall  have  for 
&  towards  the  maintennce  of  her  &  her  children  the  full  clere  5th  pte 
of  all  the  tithes  rents  glebelands  &  Easter  booke  of  the  said  viccarage 
(all  taxes  8c  charge.s  first  deducted  out  of  the  whole)  unlesse  good 
cause  be  shewn  to  the  contrarie  the  said  Mr.  Robinson  &  his  wife 
yeilding  all  due  obedience  to  the  said  sequestracon  The  Examinacon  of 
wch  cause  (if  there  be  any)  the  Cotee  doe  referre  to  the  Coitee  of 
parliamt  for  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  who  are  desired  to  heare  the 
pties  on  both  sides  therein  &  to  call  before  them  &  examine  the 
witnesses  that  shalbe  produced  as  well  for  proofe  of  the  sd  cause  as 
on  the  pte  &  behalfe  of  the  sd  Mrs.  Robinson  for  the  Justifying  of 
her  &  of  the  said  paymt  of  the  sd  5th  pte  &  to  determine  the 
differences  betweene  them  if  they  can  or  otherwise  to  certifie  the  same 
to  this  Comittee.^ 
Torpenhowe.  August  28,  1646. 

Upon  complaint  made  by  Lancelott  Appleby  &  Anthony  Appleby 
two  of  the  Sequestratrs  of  the  viccarage  of  Torpenhow  in  the  Countie 
of  Cumberland  that  they  are  opposed  by  Barnard  Robinson  from 
whome  ye  same  is  sequestred  &  one  John  Chambers  who  resist  the  sd 
sequestraters  in  the  possion  of  the  sd  viccaridge  &  the  gleab  & 
profitts    thereof   in    Contempt    of   the    order   of    this   Cotee    of    the 

1.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

2.  Ibid.  ;    Duplicated  in  Bodl.  MS.  323. 

3.  Ibid. 


Torpenhow  577 


13th  of  June  last  &  have  brought  judgments  agt  them  indevidualie  for 
putting  in  execucon  the  sd  order  being  encouraged  thereunto  by 
Wm.  Briscoe  &  Thomas  Lamplow  Esqrs  Justices  of  peace  who  have 
publiquelie  slighted  &  contemned  the  sd  order  in  ye  open  Sessions 
held  for  the  sd  Countie.  This  Cotee  doe  hereby  conferme  the  sd 
order  &  referre  it  to  Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson  Sheriffe  of  the  sd  Countie 
John  Barwis  Thomas  Curwen  &  Henry  Tulson  Esqrs.  being  all  of  the 
Cotee  of  parliamt  for  the  sd  Countie  to  see  the  sd  order  duly  executed 
and  the  sd  Wm.  Briscoe  Thomas  Lamplow  Bernard  Robinson  &  John 
Chambers  are  required  to  make  their  psonall  appearance  before  this 
Comittee  wthin  one  month  next  after  notice  of  this  order  to  answere 
the  said  Contempt  whereof  they  are  not  to  faile  of  their  p'ill-* 

Torpenho.  Sept.  10,  1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  the  p'ishoners  of  Torpenhoe  in  the 
Countie  of  Cumberland  in  the  behalfe  of  Mr.  Steward  their  Minister 
in  regards  the  sd  p'ishe  is  soe  farr  distant  from  Westmer  & 
for  that  there  are  a  Committee  of  Ministers  who  are  authorised  by 
ordynance  of  parliamt  to  examine  &  approve  of  Ministers  that  are 
setled  in  the  Countie  of  Lancaster  This  Comittee  doe  referr  the  said 
Mr.  Steward  to  the  said  Comittee  who  are  desired  to  examine  his 
fitnesse  to  officiate  the  cure  of  the  pishe  Church  of  Torpenhoe 
aforesaid  &  to  Certifie  the  same  &  what  triale  they  have  of  his  guifts 
&  abilities  pticularly.* 

Torpenho.  November  6,  1646. 

This  Cotee  doe  order  that  the  cause  between  Mr.  Briscoe  Mr. 
Lamplugh  &  Mr.  Robinson  from  whome  the  Rectory  of  Torpenhoe 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland  is  sequestred  and  Mr.  Appleby  be  heard 
on  Monday  next.' 

Torpenhowe.  Nov.  9,  1646. 

It  is  ordered  that  the  Cause  Concerninge  the  Sequestrators  of 
Torpenhow  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  &  Mr.  Briscoe  &  others  be 
deferred  till  this  day  Seaven  night  &  that  they  shall  have  warrts  for 
summoninge  pties  and  witnesses  on  the  sd  day.  4 

Torpenhoe.  Nov.   16,  1646. 

By  virtue  of  an  ordinance  by  the  Comittee  of  the  House  of  Comons 
concerning  plundered  Ministers  These  are  to  require  and  comand  you 
&  evry  of  you  whose  names  are  hereunder  writen  to  make  yor 
psonall  appearance  before  the  said  Comittee  on  the  three  &  twentieth 
daie  of  this  instant  November  at  one  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoone  in 

1.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.,  15670. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Bodl.   MS.   324. 

4.  Ibid. 

A  L 


578  The   Ejected   of  1662 

the  Excheqr  at  Westmer  to  testify  yor  knowledge  of  all  such  matters  as 
shall  be  ppounded  unto  you  in  the  cause  concerning  the  Sequestrators 
of  Torpenhoe  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  &  Mr.  Briscoe  &  others 
hereof  faile  not  as  you  will  answers  the  contrary  at  yor  p'ill.  Dated 
the  sixtenth  day  of  November  1646. 

John  Osmotherly   Esqr. 

Henry  Peerson. 

Isaack   Antrobus. 

James   Peerson. 

Michaell  Craplees.* 

Torpenhoe.  Nov.  17,  1646. 

It  is  ordered  that  the  Cause  betweene  the  Sequestrators  of 
Torpenhoe  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  &  Mr.  Briscoe  &  others  be 
deferred  till  the  three  &  twentieth  day  of  November  next  instant.^ 

Torpenhow.  24  November,  1646. 

Upon  heareing  ye  whole  Cause  betweene  Mr.  Briscoe  &  Mr. 
Lamplough  Esqrs  Justices  of  Peace  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  & 
Mr.  Robinson  from  whom  ye  vicarage  of  Torpenhow  in  ye  County 
aforesd  is  Sequestred  and  ye  Sequestrators  of  ye  sd  vicarage  It  is 
charged  agt  ye  sd  Mr.  Robinson  yt  hee  hath  in  contempt  of  ye  sd 
sequestracon  brought  Indictemts  agt  ye  sd  Sequestrators  for  putting 
ye  sd  Sequestracon  in  execucon  in  taking  possion  of  ye  gleab  of  ye  sd 
vicarage  and  driveing  the  Cattle  of  ye  sd  Mr.  Robinson  of  from  ye 
sd  gleab  And  yt  ye  sd  justices  have  countenanced  ye  finding  of  ye  sd 
Indictemt  &  incouraged  ye  juray  to  find  ye  same  but  ye  sd  justices 
&  Mr.  Robinson  plead  an  Order  of  ye  Comtee  of  ye  sd  County 
grounded  upon  an  Order  of  this  Comittee  whereby  ye  sd  Mr. 
Robinson  detained  ye  possion  of  ye  vicarage  house  and  gleab  for 
ye  5th  pte  graunted  to  his  wife  by  this  Comittee  This  Comittee  doe 
declare  yt  it  was  not  their  intencon  yt  ye  sd  Comittee  in  ye  sayd 
County  should  sett  out  ye  fift  pte  in  Specie  And  doe  therefore 
Order  yt  they  doe  ascertaine  ye  sayd  5th  pte  according  to  ye  former 
Orders  of  the  Comittee  to  be  payd  in  money  raysed  by  ye 
Sequestrators  of  ye  sd  vicarage  out  of  ye  pfitts  thereof  and  not  in 
kind  And  yt  they  doe  from  tyme  to  tyme  upon  any  Order  of  reference 
of  this  Comittee  astertaine  ye  5th  pte  to  them  referred  to  be 
apporconed  &  to  see  ye  same  payd  in  money  by  ye  respective 
Sequestrators  of  such  benefices  as  axe  Sequestred  &  not  in  kind  And 
ye  said  Mr.  Briscoe  &  Mr.  Lamplough  are  enioyned  for  tyme  to  come 
to  take  care  yt  the  Orders  of  this  Comittee  be  duely  observed  and 
obeyed  &  not  opposed  or  thwarted  by  any  pceeding  before  them  in  ye 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  324;  Duplicated  in  the  vol.  without  the  names. 

2.  Ibid. 


Torpenhow  579 

execucon    of    their    office   who    are  hereby    discharged   from    further 
attendance  &  ye  sayd  cause  dismissed.' 

Torpenhow.  14  Decemb.,   1646. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  ye  Sequestrators  of  Torpenhow  in 
ye  County  of  Cumberland  It  is  ordered  yt  ye  Comitee  of  Parliamt 
for  ye  sd  County  doe  remove  Mr.  Robinson  from  whom  ye  sd  vicarage  is 
sequestred  wth  his  family  out  of  ye  possion  of  ye  sd  vicarage  house  & 
Gleab  Lands  thereof  and  that  they  doe  Exaine  what  cause  can  be 
shewen  why  ye  fift  pte  of  ye  sd  vicarge  should  not  be  payd  unto  her 
calling  before  them  and  exaininge  ptees  and  wittnesses  oai  both  sides 
therein  concerned  and  to  certify  ye  sd  Exaicons  [Examinations]  to  this 
Comittee.  2 

Torpenhow.  Junii  12,  1647. 

Upon  the  humble  peticon  of  the  Sequestrators  of  the  vicarage  of 
Torpenhoe  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  It  is  ordered  that  Bernard 
Bobinson  from  whom  the  said  vicarage  is  sequestred  &  the  pishoners 
of  the  said  pishe  doe  from  time  to  time  pay  unto  thesaid  Sequestrators 
the  tythes  of  the  said  Vicarage  from  them  respectively  due  togeather 
with  aU  arreares  thereof  by  vertue  of  ye  former  orders  of  this  Cottee 
And  the  Justices  of  peace  in  the  said  Countie  are  hereby  desired  to 
to  take  some  speedy  &  effectuall  Course  for  the  said  Sequestrators' 
releife  in  their  recovery  of  the  said  tythes  &  to  returne  to  this  Cottee 
the  names  of  such  as  refuse  to  pay  the  same  or  oppose  the  said 
Sequestrators  in  their  receipt  thereof  Contrary  to  the  order  or 
determinacon  of  the  said  Justices  to  the  end  that  they  may  be 
proceeded  against  according  to  their  demeritt.  3 

Bernard  Robinson  appears  to  have  continued  to  reside 
in  the  neighbourhood  after  his  Sequestration.  The 
following  occurs  in  the  Registers :  — 

Baptism    1654.     Grace   daughter   of  Bernard  Bobinson   of   Bothell, 

Clearke,  ffebruary  6. 

James  Steward,  1646. 

This  name  appears  in  one  of  the  documents  previously- 
cited.  Doubtless  he  is  the  person  who  was  afterwards  at 
Westward.*  He  removed  before  1655.  The  County 
Histories  leave  a  gap  after  Bernard  Robinson  until  the 
Restoration. 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  324. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

4.  Vide  p.  528. 


58o 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


John  Myeiell,  1655. 

This  is  the  person  who  attests  the  truth  of  John  Gilpin's 
story  in  1653.  He  signs  the  document  as: — "J.  Myriell 
Master  of  the  Free  Schoole  there  [Kendal]."^  It  was 
from  this  source  that  many  of  the  Ministers  of  the 
Commonwealth  period  came :  and  his  appointment  to 
Torpenhow  is  given  in  the  following  :  — 
Torpenhow  .  Pres.  27 

John  Myriell  Apr.   1655. 

Know  all  men  by  these  presents  That  the  Seaven 

Jo.  Muriell  cert.       &    twentieth    day    of    Aprill    in    the    yeare    One 
as  aforesaid  by        thousand   six    hundred    fifty   and   five    There   was 

exhibited  to   the    Comissionrs   for   approbation    of 

Elex.  Ekins  publique   preachers    A   Presentation    of    Mr.    John 

Jo.  Courtman  Myriell    to    the    Vicarage    of    Torpenhow    in   the 

Tho  Senior  County    of    Cumberland    Made    to    him    by    His 

Sam.  Corbyn  Highnesse   Oliver   Lord   Protector    of    the    Comon- 

Tho  Walker  of        Wealth  of  England  &c  the  patron  thereof  under  his 
Kendale  Seale   manual    Together    with   a    testimony    in    ye 

Ri  Tatham  of  behalfe   of  the   said  John  Myriell   of   his  holy    & 

Heversham  good    Conversation    Upon    perusall    and    due    con- 

Jo  Wallace  of  sideration  of  the  premisses  and  finding  him  to  be  a 

Gresmire  person  qualified    as  in    and   by   the    Ordinance    for 

Jo.  Smyth  of  such    approbation  is   required.     The    Comrs   above 

Kirby  menconed    have   adjudged    &    approved    the    said 

J.  Salkeld  John    Myriell    to    be    a  fit    person   to   preach    the 

Rob.  Dickenson.  Gospell  and  have  graunted  him  admisson  and  doe 
admitt  the  said  John  IMyriell  to  the  Vicarage  of 
Torpenhow  aforesaid  to  be  full  &  perfect  possessor 
&  Incumbent  thereof  And  doe  hereby  signify  to  all 
persons  concerned  therein  that  he  is  hereby  intituled 
to  the  profitts  and  perquisitts  and  all  Rights  & 
dues  incident  and  belonging  to  ye  said  Vicarage  as 
fully  &  effectually  as  if  he  had  been  instituted  & 
inducted  According  to  any  such  Lawes  and 
Customes  as  have  in  this  case  formerly  beene  made 
had  or  used  in  this  Realme  In  witnesse  whereof 
they  have  caused  the  Common  seale  to  be  hereunto 
affixed  and  the  same  to  be  attested  by  the  hand  of 
the  Regr.  by  his  Highnesse  in  that  behalfe 
appointed.  Dated  at  Whitehall  the  27th  day  of 
Aprill   1655.2 


1.  Vide  p.  128. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min. 


996. 


Torpenhow  581 

The  baptism  of  a  child  is  thus  recorded  in  the  Registers  : 

1655,  Baptisms.  Tho.  son  of  Mr.  Jo.  Myriell  vicar  of  torpenhow 
May  ii. 

He  joined  in  signing  James  Cave's  ordination  Certificate 
in  October,  1656,  being  described  as  then  "  Minister  at 
Lampley,"  so  that  his  stay  at  Torpenhow  was  very  brief. ^ 

Thomas  Turner,  1657— 1660(?). 

He   was  previously  at    Crosby  and    Stanwix,   the    two 
Parishes  being  united  under  his  ministry.     His  appoint- 
ment to  Torpenhow  is  given  thus  :  — 
Torpenhow  in  Com.  Cumberland. 

Mr.  Tho.  Turner.  Admitted  the  14th  day  of  Aug.  1657  to  ye 
Vicarage  of  Torpenhow  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  Upon  a  pres. 
exhibited  the  day  aforesaid  from  his  Highnes  the  Lord  protector 
under  his  Seal  Manuall  And  Certificates  from  Roger  Baldwyn  of 
penreth  Comfort  Starr  of  Carlile  Cuth.  Studholme  Tho.   Langhorne.2 

The  Registers  give  the  baptism  of  a  son  in  1659  :  — 

1659  [Christian  name  illegible]  son  of  Mr.  Thomas  Turner  of 
Torpenhow  Minister  December  24. 

He  signs  the  Baxter  Letter  of  September,  1653 ;  but  while 
in  every  other  case  the  name  of  the  place,  where  the 
signatory  was  ministering  at  the  time  is  appended.  Turner 
is  merely  described  as  "  Preacher  of  the  Gospel."  ^ 
During  the  "  Yacancy  "  at  Carlisle  in  1655-6  under  date 
Dec.  "ye  16th,  1655,"  he  appears  as  follows:  — 
•    Item  pd  for  sacke  and  beare  bestowed  on  Mr.  Tomer  00  :  04  :  OS.* 

At  this  time  he  would  be  at  Crosby  and  Stanwix.  In  the 
margin  of  "  The  Ambleside  Curates'  Bible "  against 
2  Kings  X.,  is  the  name  of  T.  Turner;  but  it  is  probable 
that  the  "  T."  should  be  "  H."  ^  Calamy  merely  mentions 
Thomas  Turner  of  "  Torpennow  "  as  an  Ejected  Minister; 
and  Palmer  adds  nothing  to  his  statement.  Nothing 
further  is  known  about  him. 

1.  Vide  pp.  664,  773. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS. -(Plund.  Min.),  998. 

3.  Vide  p.  89. 

4.  Vide  p.  152. 
6.  Vide  p.  1054. 


582         '  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Bernard  Eobixson,  M.A.,  1660 — 1673: 

No  mention  of  the  restoration  of  Bernard  Hobinson  is 
made  by  the  County  Historians,  but  such  appears  to  have 
been  the  case.  In  the  Presentations  ^  for  1673  he  is  referred 
to  as  "  Clarke,  vicar  of  Torpenhow,"  and  acknowledges  to 
"  drunkennes  &  scandalous  intemperance  and  his  riotous  & 
unlawful  gameing  at  Penreth."  For  these  offences  he  was 
suspended  "  ab  officio  et  Beneficio "  for  "  the  space  of 
3  years."     What  became  of  him  afterwards  is  not  known. 

William  Sill,  M.A.,  1673—1681. 

He  was  previously  at  Addingham  ;2  and  held  the  living 
at  Bromfield  in  addition  to  Torpenhow.  In  1668  he 
became  Prebendary  of  Carlisle,  First  Stall,  a  position 
which  he  resigned  in  the  year  1681,  on  becoming 
Prebendary  of  Westminster. 

William  Nicolson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1681—1698. 

He  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Nicolson  of  Great  Orton,  and 
was  collated  Nov.  17,  1681.  He  became  Prebendary  of 
Carlisle  in  succession  to  William  Sill  in  1681,  Archdeacon 
in  1682,  and  Bishop  in  1702.  He  held  the  livings  of  Great 
Salkeld  and  Addingham.  ^ 

Thomas  Nevinson,  B.A.,  1699—1728. 

He  was  the  son  of  Edward  Nevinson  of  Woodhead, 
Westmorland;  matric.  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  July  2, 
1675,  aged  16,  and  graduated  B.A.  in  1680 ;  was  Vicar  of 
Uldale  in  1684  and  of  Torpenhow  and  Addingham  in 
1699.*  He  was  collated  Feb.  2,  1698-9.  About  this  time 
the  two  livings  appear  to  have  been  held  together.  The 
following  notice  of  his  marriage  with  William  Nicolson's 
sister  is  from  the  Haile  Registers  :  — 

1690  Thomas  Nevison  and   Mrs.  Grace   Nicholson  married  the   23d 
'■        day  of  August. 

He  died  in  1728.  A  son,  Thomas  Nevinson,  also  a 
graduate  of  Queen's  College,  was  Vicar  of  Whittingham, 
Northumberland,  in  1722.  ^ 

1.  Vide  p.  1350.  4-  Vide' pp.  356,  557,  562. 

2.  Vide  p.  355.  5.   Ai    Ox. 

3.  Al.  Ox ;   vide  also  pp.  357,  362. 


X.     PLUMBLAND. 

This  Parish  lies  a  few  miles  south  of  Aspatria  and  some 
ten  miles  west  of  Wigton.  The  Church,  which  was  partly 
rebuilt  a  few  years  ago,  is  at  least  as  old  as  the  l-ith 
Century.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert,  The  earlier 
Registers  have  evidently  disappeared,  the  oldest  volume 
extant  beginning  with  1677.  In  it  is  the  following 
statement  respecting  the  various  Incumbents  who  had 
served  up  to  the  time  of  the  writer.  It  is  from  the  pen  of 
Thomas  Leathes,  who  entered  upon  the  living  in  1728, 
and,  though  not  in  every  particular  accurate,  it  is  much 
too  interesting  to  be  omitted  :  — 

Mr.  Nicolson  was  bur.  Apl  22.  1686.  Then  came  Mr.  Eobinson  here 
in  1786  [1686]  and  had  both  Plumbland  Rectory  aad  Bolton  Rectory 
and  as  I  have  been  told  he  was  to  pay  to  Capn  Thompson  of  Kilham 
in  Yorkshire  w.  was  yn  the  Donr  the  sum  of  601  p  ann  for  14  years 
and  this  matter  came  to  be  known  by  the  Recdpts  being  found 
amongst  his  Paprs  after  his  death,  And  ys  happened  the  very  14th 
year  wch  had  he  outlived  He  wd  then  have  had  both  Livings  and  by 
what  I  can  find  of  the  Lands  and  Tythes  being  yn  Lett,  He  could  not 
clear  501  or  601  at  most  out  of  both  livings.  He  yn  paying  (besides 
ye  601  to  ye  said  Thompson)  201  to  one  Mr.  Keddy  curate  at  Bolton. 
This  acct  I  had  from  several  persons  but  mostly  from  Joseph 
Younghusband  of  Plumbland.  Then  came  Mr.  Green  wo  as 
far  as  I  can  understand  was  Usher  at  Cockerm.  School  and 
He  kept  ye  Living  for  near  a  year,  and  then  came  Mr.  Thompson 
to  be  Rector  of  the  said  Livings  (He  was  son  to  ye  above- 
said  Thompson)  and  was  Then  an  Ensigne  in  the  Army  and  his  Fathr 
got  him  to  Take  orders  and  leave  off  fighting  and  yn  went  away  and 
came  not  for  a  year  and  4  months  agn  Then  he  came  in  1702  and 
stayd  two  Sundays  at  wch  time  Piper  Thompson's  bouse  was  built  and 
he  gave  him  ground  for  ye  Toofalls  of  ye  House  and  part  of  the 
Garden  even  wth  the  House.  This  I  understand  by  ye  same  Persons. 
Mr.  Thompson  dyed  in  ye  year  1710  or  ye  beginning  of  ye  year 
1711  but  in  The  year  I  supose — so  yt  Mr.  Robinson  was  14  years  and 
odd  months.     Mr.  Thompson  was  nearly  24  ( ?)  years  and  Mr.  Farish 


584  The    Ejected    of   1662 

was  buryed  deer  1728  so  he  was  here  near  eighteen  years — And  Mr. 
Nicolson  was  here  after  ye  Restoration  26  years  but  how  long  he  was 
here  before  '48  I  cannot  well  find  out  but  he  was  turned  out  at  48  and 
Gawin  Eglesfield,  a  Dissenting  Teacher  placed  in  his  room.  He  was 
born  at  Allerby  Hall  or  somewhere  near  it. 

The  Hst  of  incumbents  as  far  as  ascertained  is  as  follows  : 

Lancelot  Fletcher,  1628 — 1647. 

He  was  instituted  Nov.  26,  1628,  on  the  Presentation  of 
Joseph  Porter  "  de  Bridekirk  Ar."  "  notwithstanding  a  caveat 
entered  by  Richard  Skelton."  ^  He  appears  in  the  list  of 
contributors  to  the  needs  of  the  people  of  Carlisle  during 
the  Siege  of  1644-5,  the  amount  against  his  name  being 
£2 — 0 — 0.  He  was  a  Pluralist,  having  the  living  of  Dean^ 
as  well  as  Plumbland;  and  the  following  document  gives 
the  reason  for  his  resignation  of  Plumbland  in  1647.  It 
is  also  testimony  to  the  way  in  which  men  of  this  type 
were  treated  during  this  period.  It  will  hardly  be  alleged 
that  he  was  Parliamentarian  in  his  sympathies;  but  there 
was  evidently  little  wish  to  disturb  him  on  that  account. 
As  repeatedly  indicated  it  was  the  system  of  Pluralism, 
parent  of  innumerable  evils,  which  was  vigorously  attacked 
by  those  in  authority :  — 
Deane  &  Plumbland.  Mail  19.   1647. 

It  is  ordered  that  Mr.  filetcher  Incumbent  of  the  sev'all  Benefices 
of  Deane  &  Plumbland  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  Both  the  said 
Benefices  have  cure  of  Soules  doe  appeare  before  this  Cotee  on  the 
eight  &  twentith  day  of  May  instant  to  make  his  eleccon  which  of 
the  said  Benefices  he  will  adhere  ujito  &  wch  he  will  relinquish.  3 

Making  choice  of  Dean  he  continued  there  until  his  death 
in  1663. 

Joseph  Nicolson,  M.A.,   1647. — . 

He  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Nicolson  of  Park  Broom, 
Carlisle,  and  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
Nov.  17,  1637,  at  the  age  of  14  years,  graduating  B.A. 
July  15,  1643.*     Nicolson  and  Burn  following  Walker  are 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  119. 

2.  Vide  p.  762. 

3.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.  Mus.  15671. 
4-  Al.  Ox. 


Plumbland  585 

quite  in  error  in  their  account  of  this  person.  "  The  next 
incumbent,"  they  say,  "  was  Joseph  IS^icolson,  who  was 
ejected  by  Cromwell's  commissionei-s,  and  during  the 
usurpation  lived  retired  at  his  maternal  inheritance  at  Park 
Brow  in  the  parish  of  Stanwix,  and  on  the  coming  in  of 
King  Charles  the  Second  was  restored."  ^  How  much  truth 
there  is  in  that  will  appear  presently.  Walker,  who  styles 
him  "A.M.,"  says:  — 

I  am  obliged  to  mention  him,  because  he  was  ActuMy  turned  out 
of  this  Living  :  But  he  afterwards,  as  I  have  heard,  got  a  Better 
Living,  viz.  that  of  Sannix;  which  he  enjoyed  during  the  whole 
Remainder  of  the  Usuryation.^ 

The  course  of  events  at  Plumbland  is  not  easy  to  trace, 
but  something  like  the  following  appears  to  have  hap- 
pened. On  the  resignation  of  Lancelot  Fletcher,  Joseph 
Nicolson  was  appointed  Oct.  7,  1647.  This  is  clear  from 
the  following :  — 

Ordered  &c.  That  Doctor  Aylett  give  Institution  unto  Joseph 
Nicholson  Clerk,  Batchelor  of  Arts,  to  the  Rectory  of  Plumbland,  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland,  void  by  the  Resignation  of  Lancelott 
Fletcher,  clerk.  Salvo — he  taking  the  National  Covenant;  Richard 
Skelton,  Gentleman,  Patron.  3 

It  would  seem  that  efforts  were  being  made  at  the  same 
time  to  secure  the  Institution  of  Gawin  Eaglesfield,  who 
was  connected  with  the  Eaglesfields  of  Allerby  Hall,  close 
by,  as  witness  what  follows  :  — 

Plumbland.  Sept.  24.  1647. 

Ref.  Gawin  Egglesfeild  minister  to  the  Assemblie  for  the  Church 

of  Plumbland  Com.  Cumberland.  4 

These  efforts  were  attended  with  some  measure  of  success 
and  the  living  was  also  given  to  him.  Hence  the  following  : 
Plumbland.  Sept.  24.  1647. 

Whereas  the  Rectrory  of  the  parish  Church  of  Plumbland  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  &  standeth  sequestred  from  Lancelot 
ffletcher  It  is  ordered  That  the  said  Rectorie  shall   from  henceforth 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  120. 
2-  Walker,  Pt.  ii,  p.  316. 

3.  L.J.,  vol.  ix,  p.  474. 

4.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 


586  The   Ejected    of  1662 

stand  sequestred  to  the  use  of  Gawin  Eaglisfeild  a  Godly  and 
orthodox  Devine.  And  yt  hee  doe  forthwith  officiate  the  Cure  of  the 
said  Church  as  Eector  &  preach  dilligently  &c.' 

On  the  20th  of  January  following  Joseph  Nicolson  peti- 
tioned against  this.  The  Seventh  Report  of  the  Historical 
MSS.  Commission  thus  epitomizes  the  Petition  :  — 

Petition  of  Joseph  Nicolson  late  Minister  of  God's  word  at  Plumb- 
land  in  Cumberland,  by  order  of  7th  of  October  last  petitioner  was 
instituted  and  inducted  to  the  rectory  of  Plumbland,  but  this  order 
has  been  since  reversed  on  information  given  that  Richard  Skelton, 
patron  of  the  living,  was  in  arms  against  the  Parliament,  but 
petitioner  was  then  resident  in  Oxford,  and  knew  not  of  it,  and 
Skelton  has  since  conformed.  The  House  has,  however,  conferred 
the  living  on  Gawin  Eglesfield,  who  was  also  in  arms  against  the 
Parliament  as  the  annexed  oath  shows;  petitioner  prays  the  House 
not  to  deprive  him  of  the  rectory  his  sole  livelihood,  nor  to  confirm 
another  therein  who  has  been  guilty  of  the  same  delinquency  as  the 
patron. 

Annexed  is  the  :  — 

Affidavit  of  Sir  Henry  Fetherstonhaugh  of  Kirkoswald,  Cumberland 
that  Gawin  Eglesfield,  then  Scholar  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  bore 
arms  under  William  Vallett,  captain  of  a  troop  under  Colonel  Sir 
John  Byron  immediately  before  the  fight  of  Worcester.  15  Jan. 
[1647-8]. 

The  Report  adds  :  "  nothing  done  therein" ;  but  that  "  on 
the  25th  of  Feb.  following  the  House  re-established 
Nicolson  in  the  living."  '^  This  is  confirmed  by  the 
following :  — 

Feby.  25.  1647-8.         Upon  the  Petition  of  Jos.  Nicolson. 

It  is  ordered  That  the  Order  formerly  granted  to  Mr.  Eglesfield  is 
hereby  reversed  for  his  Delinquency ;  and  that  the  Petitioner  is  hereby 
reestablished  in  the  Rectory  of  Plumbland  in  the  County  of  Cum- 
berland.3 

The  matter  was  not,  however,  yet  quite  settled.  Nicolson 
held  the  living  only  a  brief  period.  During  part  of  this 
time   he   was  negotiating,   or  being   negotiated    for,   the 

1.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit.  Mus.,  15671. 

2-  Seventh  Report  and  Appendix,  p.  4. 

3.  L.J.,  vol.  X,  p.  78. 


Plumbland  587 

Thursby  living ;  ^  and  it  is  quite  possible  that  the  Eagles- 
field  influence  being  against  him  the  propriety  of  his 
removal  would  be  suggested.  At  any  rate  evidence  of  his 
Sequestration  in  the  usual  sense  is  lacking ;  and  his  subse- 
quent career  suggests  that  it  was  otherwise.  Joseph 
!N^icolson  at  once  adapted  himself  to  his  circumstances. 
Almost  immediately  he  was  appointed  to  Thursby,  and 
subsequently  he  held  the  livings  of  Great  Orton,  Crosby 
and  Stanwix.2  Indeed  he  carried  his  conformity  to  such 
an  extent  that  he  actually  became  one  of  the  Sequestrators 
for  the  County.^  The  reader  is  referred  to  Great  Salkeld* 
for  much  illuminating  correspondence  in  relation  to  him 
and  his  son,  Bishop  Nicolson.  The  case  is  one  of  the 
worst  against  Walker  as  a  Historian,  though  he  shows 
considerably  more  conscience  in  the  matter  than  either  of 
the  others  with  whom  he  had  to  deal. 

Gawin  Eaglesfield,  M.A.,  1649  (?)— 1660. 

He  is  given  by  Foster  as  "  Eglesfield,"  son  of  George  of 
Alwardby  [Allerby],  Cumberland  pleb.  He  matriculated 
Queen's  Coll.,  Oxford,  Feb.  14,  1622-3,  aged  17;  B.A.  July 
3,  1627;  M.A.  June  30,  1630;  and  was  Eector  of  South 
Weston,  Oxon.,  1634.5  He  was  a  kind  of  "  stormy  petrel" 
all  through  his  career.  His  "  delinquency,"  by  which  is 
probably  meant  his  refusal  to  subscribe  to  the  Solemn 
League  and  Covenant,  cost  him  the  Plumbland  living  for 
a  time;  and  precisely  when  he  got  possession  of  it  is  not 
clear.  He  was  here,  however,  in  1651,  when  the  Cocker- 
mouth  Congregational  Church  was  formed,  and,  though 
not  one  of  the  seven  Founders,  he  must  have  joined  almost 
immediately  afterwards.  He  gave  the  Fellowship  there 
considerable  trouble  by  his  conduct.  On  March  7th, 
1655-6,  he  was  "  laid  under  the  Sentence  of  Excomuni- 
con  "  because  of  "  a  foule  miscarriage  whereby  the  mouths 

1.  Vide  p.  533. 

2.  Vide  pp.  191,  201,  230. 

3.  Vide  p.   174. 

4.  Vide  p.  362. 
5-  Al.  Ox. 


588  The    Ejected    of  1662 

of  wicked  men  were  opened  " ;  and  it  is  said  that  he  had 
■"often  been  dealt  wth  formerly  for  many  miscarriages."  ^ 
In  1657  he  was  freed  from  this  "  censure  "  and  restored  to 
the  confidence  and  affection  of  the  Church.  In  the  follow- 
year  year  he  was  appointed  a  messenger  along  with  George 
Benson  of  Bridekirk  to  assist  in  ordaining  "  a  Teaching 
Elder "  at  the  Kirkoswald  Church.  Both  Calamy  and 
Palmer  give  "  Mr.  Gawen  Egglesfield  "  as  ejected  from 
^'  Plumbland  " ;  but  how  soon  after  the  Restoration  is  not 
stated.  After  his  Ejection  he  went  to  live  at  Dearham,  a 
few  miles  away  and  nearer  Cockermouth.  Here  in  1672 
he  licensed  his  house  for  preaching  as  an  "  Indept,"  while 
Richard  Eaglesfield  of  Allerby  Hall,  though  a  Ruling 
Elder  in  the  Cockermouth  Congregational  Church,  took 
out  a  License  for  his  home,  which  is  described  as 
"Presbyt,"  showing  once  more  how  loosely  this  name  was 
used.  Both  Richard  Eaglesfield  and  Gawin  appear  in 
the  Presentation  Lists. ^  On  two  other  occasions  after- 
wards his  miscarriages  brought  upon  him  the  censure  of 
the  Church,  one  being  noted  thus  :  — 

The  same  day  [March  4.  1678-9]  Bro  Gawin  Eaglesfield,  of  Deerham. 
was  dealt  wth  by  the  church,  For  his  folly  in  wilde  interpretaons  of 
Scripture ;  wth  relaon  to  the  comings  downe  of  the  preseoit  Governmt 
by  such  a  day;  That  wch  was  done  because  he  was  thought  not 
capable  to  be  dealt  with  more  severely  withall,  his  braine  seeming  to 
be  heated  with  his  notion  was  to  desire  him  to  forbeare  his  further 
publishinge  such  a  wilde  conceit,  both  to  his  owne,  &  the  churches 
preiudice  Amd  that  he  would  forbeare  to  sit  down  at  the  Lords  Table 
with  us,  till  he  was  better  able  to  give  Satisfacon  for  this  &  former 
whims  of  the  like  nature  and  other  miscarriages.  The  said  party 
pmised  He  would  pforme  what  the  church  inioyned  upon  him." 

In    the    Dearham    Parish    Registers    are    the    following 
entries :  — 

1670  July  ye  24th  was  Mary  wife  of  Mr.  Jo.  Eaglesfeild  buried. 

1671  Aprill  ye  7th  was  Mr.  John  Eaglesfield  buried. 

1680-1  March  ye  4th  was  Maudlin  Eaglesfield  wife  of  Mr.  Gawin 
Eaglesfeild  buried. 

1682  Novenibr  ye  18th  was  Mr.  Gawin  Eaglesfield  buryed. 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

2.  Vide  pp.  1353,  1357. 

3.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 


Plumbland  589 

Gawin  Eaglesfield  stands  fifth  among  the  male  members 
on  the  Cockermouth  Church  Roll ;  and  his  wife  "Maudlin'^ 
or  "  Magdalen  "  has  the  same  position  among  the  female 
members.  The  Church  Book  contains  the  following 
pathetic  entry  against  his  name  :  — 

Found  dead  on  a  Moore  Nov.  17.  1682. 

Joseph  Nicolson,  M.A.,  1661  (?)— 1686. 

After  the  Restoration  he  returned  to  Plumbland.  The 
Episcopal  Register  states  that  he  was  ordained  Deacon 
Aug.  17,  1662,  and  Priest  Feb.  1,  1662-3.  It  needs  to  be 
remembered  that  Joseph  Nicolson's  appointments  had 
been  by  the  Commonwealth;  and  it  is  said  that  he  took 
the  National  Covenant  on  his  first  going  to  Plumbland. 
Evidently  he  had  not  been  ordained,  or,  at  least,  not 
episcopally,  until  now.  He  held  the  living  until  his 
death.  Bishop  Nicolson,  his  son,  placed  within  the  rails 
of  the  communion  in  the  chancel  of  Plumbland  Church  a 
•blue  marble  stone  thus  inscribed  :  — 

H.  P.  S. 
Deposita  Joseph!   Nicolson  Rectcris   hujus    Ecclesiae; 

Et  Mariae  Uxoris  ejus,  Filiae  Johannis  Brisco 
de  Crofton  Armigeri.   Obiit  ille  A.D.    1686, 
ilia  1689.     Parentibus  religiosissimis  P.  Guil. 

Carliol.  Episc. 

Michael  Robinson,  1686 — 1701. 

He  was  instituted  June,  1686,  and  held  the  Bolton 
living  as  well.  Thomas  Leathes  says  that  for  most  of 
1701  the  living  was  served  by  a  Mr.  Green,  Usher  at 
Cockermouth  School. ^ 

GusTAvus  Thompson,  1702 — 1710. 

Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary  says  that  on  July  17,  1702,. 
he  instituted  Thompson  into  the  Rectory  "  that  of  Bolton 

1.  Vide  p.  583. 


590 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


being,  as  he  said,  to  be  given  him  likewise,  as  soon  as  his 
Dispensation  was  perfected.     Qu.  vix  credo."  i 

Peter  Farish,  1711—1728. 

He  was  previously  at  Isel  and  held  Moresby  in  Plurality 
with  Plumbland.  ^ 


Thomas  Leathes,  1728 — . 

He  was  also  at  Isel  previously.  ^ 

1.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  172;  vide  also  Bolton,  p.  568. 

2.  Vide  pp.  726,  807. 

3.  Vide  p.  726. 


VI.    THE   HOLM   CULTRAM  GROUP. 
I.     HOLM  CULTRAM. 

This  is  a  large  village  some  six  miles  from  Silloth  on  the 
Carlisle  and  Silloth  line.  Originally  it  was  the  seat  of 
a  powerful  Cistercian  monastery,  from  which  it  gets  its 
modern  name  of  Abbey  Town.  The  Church,  dedicated  to 
St.  Mary,  is  clearly  part  of  the  old  Abbey,  and  has  been 
transformed  and  converted  to  its  present  use.  The 
Registers  begin  in  1580,  some  of  the  earliest  pages  being 
much  worn  and  the  writing  difficult  to  decipher,  because 
soiled  and  faded  by  time.  This  earliest  volume  continues 
to  1597,  and,  being  in  paper,  would  appear  to  be  one  of 
few  originals  belonging  to  that  period  still  extant.  A 
break  occurs  in  the  Registers  after  1656,  the  next  entries 
being  under  date  1665.  A  copy  made  in  1749  is  thus 
prefaced :  — 

This  Register  was  copied  out  of  ye  old   one   &   what  names  were 
perfect  are  herein  written 
p  me 

Geo.  Whinfield 
p.  Clerk 
Anmo  1749. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :  — 

Edward  Mandevile,  1581 — 1607. 

His  career  at  Holm  Cultram  was  quite  eventful,  as  the 
Registers  indicate :  — 

1590  In  the  14th  day  of  May  there  fell  out  of  the  foit  of  the 
Steeple  Vaulte  over  above  the  poulepoit  thre  great  stones  wch  brast 
the  stalls  where  I  use  to  sitt  &  some  part  of  Chambers  stall  and  a 
ledge  of  the  Common  table  a  lytle  time  before  it  fell  there  was  auld 
Steven  &  sertaine  others  standing  where  the  fale  happed  &  so  was  I 
there  also  and  came  southe.  I  immediately  went  to  the  Churche 
againe  and  then  were  the  said  stones  fallen,  it  was  the  morrowe  after 


592  The    Ejected   of  1662 

a  court  was  holden  in  the  church  and  the  Jury  was  that  daye  together 
in  the  Churche. 

Edward  Mandevell  Clercke.' 
A  true  copy  taken  out  of  an  old  Register  book  being  recorded  by 
Edward  Mandevile  minister  there  Anno  1600.  Memorandm.  The 
Steeple  of  ye  Church  being  of  ye  height  of  19  fathoms  did  suddenly 
fall  down  to  ye  ground  upon  ye  first  day  of  January  1600  about  three 
o'clock  in  ye  afternoon  and  by  ye  fall  thereof  brought  down  a  great 
part  of  ye  chancel  both  timber,  leed  and  walls,  and  after  ye  said  fall, 
the  same  continued  in  a  very  ruinous  manner  for  ye  space  of  two 
years  during  which  time  there  was  much  leed,  wood  and  stone  carried 
away.  There  was  present  at  ye  fall  Robt.  Chambers  and  myself,  both 
of  us  being  within  ye  church  at  ye  very  time  of  ye  fall,  and  yet  by 
ye  good  pleasure  of  God  we  escaped  all  perils.'' 

Edward  Mandevile  was  troubled  with  listless  worship- 
pers, as  are  most  preachers  even  to  day,  and  the  following 
account  of  the  means  he  adopted  to  put  an  end  to  the 
trouble  is  interesting  :  — 

1591 

Upon  occation  partly  of  the  Premises  but  more  espetially  for  that 
in  the  Chancell  there  were  manye  corneres  wherein  people  were  always 
laughing  and  talking  in  tym  of  devine  service,  which  abuse  I  thought 
to  redresse  for  the  honour  of  God ;  for  these  causes  I  moved  the 
parishioners  to  remove  to  the  lowe  churche  which  is  proper  to  all  the 
parishe  and  for  the  better  drawin  of  their  mynds  to  this  good 
purpose  I  repared  the  lead,  washed  overe  the  walls  repared  all  the 
glasse  windowes,  lefte  not  a  hole  in  any  of  them  within  the  compasse 
of  the  parish  Churche  and  this  being  deune  in  August  &  September 
1591,  in  October  following  I  sett  it  withe  fourmes  wch  cost  me  the 
very  worke  besydes  the  wood  for  it  pertayned  to  the  Parishe  33/lOd. 
and  upon  the  Sunday  the  twenty  after  Trenitye  being  the  17th  of 
October  1591  I  began  to  do  service  &  ministred  the  Sacrement  that 
same  day  the  were  very  quiet  &  maid  noe  question  about  there  places 
as  Many  dowted  they  shoulde. 

Edward  Mandevill.  3 

Edward  Mandevile  died  about  1607. 

1.  The  Register  Book  of  Hohn  Cultram,  by  Rev.  W.  F.  Gilbanks, 
M.A.,  p.  180. 

2.  Some  Records  of  a  Cistercian  Abbey,  &c.,  by  Rev.  G.  E.  Gilbanks, 
M.A.,  p.  138. 

3-  Register  Book,  &c.,  p.  180. 


Holm   Cultram  593 

Egbert  Mandevile,  M.A.,  1607 — 1617. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  24,  1607,  and  was  a  native  of 
Cumberland,  possibly  a  connection  of  bis  immediate 
predecessor.  Tbe  Mandevile  name  appears  somewhat 
frequently  in  the  Registers.  Foster  has  the  following 
respecting  him: — "Queen's  Coll.,  matric.  25  June,  1596, 
aged  17;  B.A.  17  June,  1600;  M.A.  from  St.  Edmund 
Hall  6  July,  1603,  vicar  of  Abbey  Holme,  alias  Holm 
Cultram,  1607,  until  his  death  in  1618."  ^  The  latter 
date  is  wrong  by  a  year, 

Thomas  jEFFEHsoisr,  M.A.,  1617 — 1632. 

He  was  instituted  Feb.  8,  1617,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  "  Chancellr  magr  et  Schol.  universitat  Oxon" ;  and 
the  living  is  described  as  "  Newton  Arloish  infra  Domina 
de  Holme  Yic."^  Foster  gives  him  as  "  of  Cumberland 
pleb.  Queen's  Coll.,  matric.  27  June,  1606,  aged  18;  B.A. 
30  April,  1610,  M.A.  8  July,  1613,  incorporated  at  Cam- 
bridge 1616,  vicar  of  Holme  Cultram  with  Newton  Arloish, 
Cumberland,  1618."  ^    He  died  in  1632. 

Charles  Eobson,  M.A.,«B.D.,  1632—1638. 

He  was  instituted  May  25th,  1632,  on  the  same  Presen- 
tation. Foster  again  imforms  us  that  he  belonged  to 
Cumberland;  matriculated  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  May 
5,  1615,  at  the  age  of  17  years;  graduated  B.A.  October 
24,  1616,  M.A.  June  21,  1619,  and  B.D.  July  10,  1629; 
was  preacher  to  the  English  merchants  at  Aleppo,  and 
Vicar  of  Holm  Cultram,  Cumberland,  in  1632.^  Nicolson 
and  Burn  have  an  interesting  story  in  reference  to  some 
trouble  which  his  degree  occasioned — the  following  being 
the  "case"  stated  and  the  attorney's  reply  :  — 

Mr.  Robson,  being  bachelor  of  divinity,  demanded  of  the  parish  an 
hood  proper  to  his  degree.  The  question  was,  Whether  the  ordinary 
of  the  place  hath  power  to  command  the  churchwardens  and  parish- 
ioners at  their  charges  to  provide  an  hood  for  the  vicar,  he  being  a 

1.  Ai.  Ox. 

2.  Institution  Books. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Ibid. 

A  M 


594  The   Ejected   of  1662 

graduate ;  because,  1.  The  said  parish  was  never  before  charged  in 
fhis  kind.  2.  The  vicars  there  have  respectively  either  bought  them- 
selves hoods,  or  brought  the  same  with  them.  3.  The  present  vicar 
there  hath  at  all  times  since  his  first  coming  to  his  vicarage,  which  is 
five  years  and  more,  worn  a  hood  of  his  own,  at  such  times  as  by  the 
canons  he  is  injoined  to  wear  the  same,  tiU  within  this  half  year  last 
past. 

Answer.  In  this  case  I  am  of  opinion,  that  the  ordinary  cajinot 
compel  the  churchwardens  to  provide  their  parish  priest  an  hood  at 
the  parish  charge,  because  an  hood  is  habitus  scholasticvs,  and  doth 
not  belong  to  a  priest  quatenus  a  priest,  but  to  a  scholar  qvatenus  a 
,  graduate  in  the  university,  where  (at  least  in  Oxford)  every  graduate 
is  bound  habere  intra  quindenani  habitum  de  proprio  gradui  compe- 
tentem.  And  in  this  case,  as  it  is  propounded,  if  the  three  reasons  be 
proved,  it  will  make  the  matter  still  more  clear  that  the  churchwardens 
are  not  to  provide  the  hood ;  though  the  ordinary  may  compel  a  priest 
who  is  a  graduate,  to  wear  his  hood,  according  to  the  58th  canon.' 

Charles  E.obson  died  in  1638. 

William  Head,  M.A.,  1638—1684. 

He  was  instituted  May  10,  1638,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion as  his  predecessor.  He  graduated  B.A.  from  Queen's 
College,  Oxford,  June  11,  1634,  and  M.A.  May  11,  1637.2 
He  was  brother  to  Thomas  Head  of  Aikton,  and  a  native 
of  Cumberland.  He  appears  to  have  lived  through  all 
the  changes  of  the  Century  and  retained  his  living  until 
his  death  in  November,  1684. 

John  Hewitt,  M.A.,  1684  —1687. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  March  15,  1684-5,  and  instituted 
to  Holm  Cultram  the  day  following  on  the  Presentation 
of  the  Chancellor  "  de  Oxon."  Foster  states  that  he  was 
the  son  of  Francis  Hewitt  of  Warrington,  matriculated  at 
Brasenose  College,  Oxford,  April  10,  1674,  at  the  age  of 
18,  took  his  B.A.  in  1677,  and  M.A.  in  1681.^  The  Regis- 
ters give  the  burial  of  "  Uxor  Jo.  Hewet  alias  parson 
He  wet  "  Sept.  15,  1589.  A  century  divides,  yet  the  one 
may  have  been  descended  from  the  other. 

1 .  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  180. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Ibid. 


H  olm   Cultr am  595 

John  Holmes,  AI.A.,  1687—1694. 

He  was  instituted  Nov.  15,  1687,  on  a  similar  Presenta- 
tion. Foster,  who  calls  him  Holme,  says  that  he  was  the 
son  of  John  Holme  of  "Bampton,  of  Westmorland ;  matric. 
at  Queen's  Coll.  Mar.  22,  1677-8,  at  the  age  of  19; 
graduated  B.A.  in  1682,  and  M.A.  Feb.  12,  1684-5  (as 
Holmes)."  1  The  living  now  appears  in  the  Institution 
Books  as  "  Holme  Cultram  als  Newton  Arlosh,"  instead 
of,  as  formerly,  "  Newton  Arloish  als  Holme  Cultram." 
He  resigned  Oct.  11,  1694. 

John  Ogle,  B.A.,  1694—1715. 

He  was  instituted  Feb.  2,  1694-5,  on  the  same  Presen- 
tation, and  was  another  Queen's  College  Alumnus ;  Foster 
consequently  is  able  to  supply  us  with  the  following 
information  about  him: — "  S.  of  J.  of  Bradford,  North- 
umberland, gent,  matric.  4  April,  1691,  aged  20;  B.A. 
23  May,  1691,  vicar  of  Holme  Cultram-with-Newton, 
Cumberland,  1695."  ^  He  had  James  Kynneir,  afterwards 
at  Sebergham,  as  Curate.  3 

Thomas  Jeffeeson,  M.A.,  1715 — 1730. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  20,  1715.  Foster  informs  us  that 
he  was  the  son  of  Robert  Jefferson  of  Denbigh ;  but 
whether  he  was  a  descendant  of  the  previous  Yicar  of  that 
name  we  do  not  know.  He  matriculated  Queen's  College, 
June  22,  1699,  aged  17,  graduated  B.A.  in  1703.  and  M.A. 
from  Catherine  Hall,  Cambridge,  in  1713,  being  at  Holm 
Cultram  in  1715  and  Lamplugh  in  1731. 

The  Chapel  at  Newton  Arlosh  is  about  four  miles  north 
east  of  the  Abbey.  Like  many  other  of  the  Border 
Churches,  erected  at  that  period,  it  was  intended  to  serve 
as  a  Tower  of  Refuge,  as  well  as  a  House  of  Prayer.  The 
old  tower  still  remains  and  forms  part  of  the  present 
structure.  It  has  now  all  parochial  privileges  and  is 
dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Evangelist. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Vide  p.  500. 


II.     KIRKBEIDE. 

This  is  a  considerable  village  with  a  railway  station  on 
the  Carlisle  and  Silloth  line.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Bridget,  and  the  Registers  begin  in  1662.  This  earliest 
'volume,  which  is  of  paper,  is  large  and  flat,  evidently 
being  a  copy,  and  an  exceedingly  good  one,  of  an  earlier 
book.  It  extends  to  1750.  The  following  appears  in  it : 
Baptisms    and   Marriages    Registered    in  the   Parish    of    Kirkbride 

since  June  ye  20.  1662. 

The  first  page  is  occupied  with  Briefs.     The  following  is 
a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

CuTHBEET  Fisher,  1580. 

This  is  given  as  the  year  of  his  death. 

Robert  Allanby,  M.A.,  1580 — 1586. 

Probably  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  at 
Aikton  in  1573.  Foster  mentions  several  Allanbys  or 
Alanbys  among  his  Oxford  Alumni  as  of  Cumberland ; 
and  respecting  Robert  Allanby  of  Aikton  he  says  :  — "  Of 
Queen's  Coll.  1565,  B.A.  9  July,  1568,  M.A.  18  June,  1572, 
rector  of  Aikton,  Cumberland,  1573."  ^ 

Giles  Hemmerford,  1586 — 1587. 

He  was  instituted  on  a  Presentation  by  John  Dalston; 

and  died  in  1587. 

Nicholas  Deane,  M.A.,  1587 — . 

Doubtless  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  at 
Bromfield,  Great  Salkeld,  &c.^ 

George  Hudson,  1611/12—1647. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  after  the  Institution  of  Nicholas 
Deane  on  the  death  of  Giles  Hemmerford,  pass  on  to  1643 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Vide  pp.  359,  638. 


Kirkbride 


597 


and  simply  say  "one  Mr.  Hudson  was  rector"^  here  in 
1643.  He  was,  however,  ordained  Priest  Sept.  22,  1611, 
and  instituted  on  the  21st  of  January  following.  He  held 
the  living  of  Uldale  ^  as  well  as  that  of  Kirkbride,  and 
died  in  1647.  Who  followed  immediately  we  have  no 
means  of  knowing.  Nicolson  and  Burn  pass  on  again  to 
1660;  but  Besse  says  that  John  Martin  was  committed  to 
prison  about  1653  "  for  testifying  against  the  Priest  of 
Kirkbride,  whom  he  met  in  the  Fields  and  calling  him  by 
his  proper  Name,  viz.  an  Hireling."  3  It  is  to  be  regretted 
that  the  name  is  not  supplied,  but  the  passage  makes  it 
clear  that  some  one  was  actually  resident  here  at  the  time. 
Two  other  names  also  by  way  of  filling  in  Nicolson  and 
Burn's  blank  may  be  added. 

John  Pattison,  before  1656. 

This  is  given  on  the  authority  of  Gervase  Benson,^  who, 
writing  in  1656  about  the  sufferings  of  Quakers  in  this 
district,  says  that  Matthew  Kirkbride  had  had  his  goods 
taken  at  the  instigation  of  John  Pattison,  priest  of  Kirk- 
bride. Possibly  this  is  the  person  just  referred  to,  who 
also  committed  John  Martin  to  prison. 

John  Hambleton,  1657. 

The  following  is  the  authority  for  this  :  — 

Kerkebride  John   Hambleton   Clarke — Admitted   the   25th  day 

in  ye  County     of  January  1657  to  ye  R.  of  Kirkebride  in  ye  County 

of  Cumberland,    of  Cumberland  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited  the  same  day 

from    his    Highness  the    Lord    protector   under    the 

Great   Seale  of  England  and  Certificates   from  Tho. 

Craister  Tim.  TnUye  of  Carlile  Cuth.   Studholme.  5 

Doubtless  this  was  the  John  Hamilton  who  subsequently 
appears  at  Thursby.  e 


1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  212. 

2.  Vide  p.  554. 

3.  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  vol.  i,  p.   127. 

4.  "The  Cry  of  the  Oppressed  from  under  their  Oppressions." 
Tract.     A  copy  is  in  the  Brit.  Mus. 

5.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min),  998. 

6.  Vide  p.  536. 


A  rare 


598  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Thomas  Lumley,  1661 — 1678. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  20,  1661,  on  the  Presentation 
of  William  Dalston,  "Mil.  et  Baron";  and  ordained 
Priest  Aug.  17,  1662.  It  would  be  interesting  to  know 
how  the  vacancy  had  been  brought  about;  but  the 
information  is  lacking.     The  Registers  give  the  following  : 

1665  October  23.  Bap.  John  son  of  Tho.  Lumley  Eectr  of  Kirkbride. 
1668  Novembr  22.  Bapt.  Augustion  Son  of  Tho.  Lumley  Kectr.  de 
Kirkbride. 

Thomas  Lumley  died  in  1678,  his  burial  entry  being  as 
follows  :  — 

1678  April  23.  Bur.  Mr.  Tho.  Lumley  Eectr  de  Kirkbride. 
The  following  from  the  Registers  belongs  to  his  time :  — 

1667  ffebr  18  buried  XTopher  Taylor  of  Leathes.  In  ilia  nocte 
tempestuosus  fuit  Affricus. 

Henry  Hall,  1678 — 1717. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  25,  1670,  Priest  Sept.  21, 
1673,  and  instituted  July  31,  1678,  on  a  Presentation  by 
Sir  William  Dalston.  The  Registers  note  the  baptism  of  a 
son,  Henry,  on  Feb.  8,  1684-5,  and  burial  of  a  daughter, 
Anne,  on  April  11,  1692.  His  own  burial  entry  is  thus 
given  :  — 

1717  Jxme  19  Bur.  Mr.   Henry  Hall  Rectr  of  Kirkbride. 

His  wife,  Jane,  survived  him  only  three  years,  being 
buried  on  July  5,  1720.  Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in  1703, 
is  unusually  severe  in  his  strictures  upon  him  :  — 

The  Parson,  Mr.  Hall,  and  his  son  (one  of  ye  Taberdars  of  Queen's 
College  in  Oxford)  were  goaie  abroad,  and  the  Key  of  the  Church 
would  not  be  found.  However,  I  easily  put  back  the  Lock  of  the 
great  Door  with  my  Finger ;  &  quickly  found  why  I  was,  in  a  manner, 
deny'd  Entrance.  I  never  yet  saw  a  Church  and  Chancel  (out  of 
Scotland)  m  so  scandalous  and  nasty  a  Condition.  Every  thing  to 
the  highest  Degree  imagineable,  out  of  Order.  The  Roof  of  the  Quire 
comeing  down,  the  Communion-Table  rotten,  the  Reading  Desk  so 
inconvenient  that  'twas  impossible  to  kneel  in  it,  the  Pulpit  inacces- 
sible, no  Seat,  nor  pavement  in  the  Quire,  &c.  So  ill  an  Example  in 
a  Rich  Parson  (who  is,  in  Effect,  the  Lord  of  the  Mannor  as  well  as 
the  Rector  of  the  Parish)  cannot  but  beget  a  proportionable  Slovenlyness 
in  the  Parishioners ;  who  have  their  Seats  tatter'd,  the  Floor  all  in 


Kirkbride 


599 


holes,  no  Surplice  no  Common  prayerbook,  a  very  few  fragments  of 
an  old  Bible,  &c.  The  Font  has  been  a  beautiful  one;  But,  to  bring 
it  to  a  resemblance  with  the  rest,  one  of  its  square  Sides  is  half  broken 
off.  In  short — The  whole  look'd  more  like  a  Pigsty  than  ye  House 
of  God.' 

John  Walker,  B.A.,  1717 — 1743. 

Foster  states  tliat  he  was  the  son  of  John  Walker  of 
Lazonby;  that  he  matriculated  at  University  College, 
Oxford,  on  the  20th  of  March,  1698-9,  at  the  age  of  19 
years,  and  took  his  B.A.  in  1706.  -  The  E-egisters  thus 
note  his  Induction  :  — 

That  upon    ffriday    the    thirteenth    day   of    September    1717    Jno 
Walker,  A.B.,  was  Inducted  into  the  Parish  Church  of  Kerkbride  wth 
its  Rights  Members  &  Appurtances  by 
Tho.  Benson 
S.T.P. 

John  Walker  had  to  do  with  the  following :  — 
Jan.  21.  1721-2. 
A  Certificate  given  from  Dalston  Parish  To  the  Parish  of  Kirkbride 
bearing  date  Jan.  7th  for  Jonathan  Bewley  &  his  family  delivered  in 
the  presence  of  the  Minestr   &   Several  of  ye  parishioners  into  the 
hands  of  John  Atkinson  Churchwarden  of  Kirkbride. 
Wit.  George  Whinfield. 
Jo.  Walker  Rectr. 

Mr.  HaU 

Jo.  Barn  Shoomaker 
Jo.   Brown 
Rob.  Barn 
'  Jo.    Drape  Senr. 
Jo.   Skelton  jun.  &  others. 

He  died  in  1743,  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Mr.  Jno.  Walker  Rector  of  Kirkbride  buried  apr.  5th  1743. 


1.  Miscel.,  p.  21. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


III.     BOWNESS. 

In  older  documents  it  is  "  Boiilness,"'  the  name  of  a  good 
sized  village  about  four  miles  north  of  Kirkbride,  and  one 
from  Port  Carlisle,  the  nearest  railway  station .  Overlooking 
the  Sol  way,  it  played  a  prominent  part  in  the  Border  Wars 
of  the  old  days.  The  Church  dedicated  to  St.  Michael,  is 
of  the  castellated  type,  and  was  used  as  a  shelter  in  those 
troubled  times,  as  well  as  for  purposes  of  religious  worship. 
The  earliest  Register  Book  has  been  rebound,  evidently 
at  a  comparatively  late  date;  but  the  leaves  have  been 
irregularly  placed.  Some  are  parchment  and  the  others 
paper;  the  writing  is  good  and  clear,  only  a  few  of  the 
pages  being  faded,  and  even  these  by  proper  treatment 
could  easily  be  deciphered.  The  entries  up  to  1661  are 
few.  Under  "Natalies"  we  have  a  baptism  in  1642; 
later  in  the  book  a  series  of  baptisms  beginning  with  1643, 
mainly  children  of  Christopher  Watson ;  and  on  page  2  a 
couple  of  entries  for  1628.  I  imagine  that  the  Registers 
proper  begin  in  1660  with  George  Troutbeck,  and  that  all 
previous  to  that  date  are  odd  entries  from  older  fragments 
or  from  the  recollections  of  the  people,  filled  in  about  that 
time.  Somebody  has  frequently  written: — "Since  the 
Rebellion  in  the  North,"  though  it  is  not  easy  to  reconcile 
the  dates  given  with  the  statement.  The  following  is  a 
list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Leonaed  Lowther,  1580 — 1597. 

Doubtless  the  person  of  that  name  who  appears  at  Great 
Orton  in  1578,  Lowther  in  1587  and  Greystoke  in  1597.^ 
He  was  a  Pluralist  and  resigned  Bowness  in  1597. 
Richard  Sibsox,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1597 — 1617. 

Foster  states  that  he  was  of  Cumberland,  matriculated 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Jan.  17,  1582-3,  at  the  age  of  17 ; 
graduated  B.A.  Dec.  8,  1586,  M.A.  June  9,  1589,  became 
Fellow  in  1593,  B.D.  5  July,  1598,  and  Canon  of  Carlisle 
in  1603.2     He  died  in  1617.*^ 

1.  Vide  pp.  227,  454,  1234. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


Bowness  60 1 

William  Orbell,  1617—1629. 

"  On  the  death  of  Mr.  Sibson,"  write  Nicolson  and  Burn, 
*'  a  caveat  was  entered  by  Henry  Hudson,  vicar  of 
Brigham,  who  claimed  the  right  of  presentation,  and 
although  he  lived  in  the  diocese  of  Chester,  he  allowed 
himself  on  any  occasion  of  controversy  hereupon  to  be 
cited  in  the  parish  church  of  Plumbland.  But  in  the  same 
year  William  Orbell  was  instituted  on  a  presentation  by 
Henry  Spiller  of  Latham  in  the  county  of  Middlesex, 
purchaser  from  Anne,  countess  of  Arundel.  "  ^  He  was 
instituted  August  11,  1617,  and  is  given  in  the  Institution 
Books  as  "  Guil.  Orbell  junr."  He  died  in  1629.  He  was 
at  Aspatria  in  1610."^ 

Thomas  Warwick,  M.A.,  1629. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  1,  1629,  on  the  Presentation  of 
"  Thomas  West  of  Stoake  in  the  county  of  Surrey."  ^  He 
held  the  living  of  Brampton  as  well,  but  how  long  he  did 
so  is  not  clear.  Nicolson  and  Burn  give  Thomas  Warwick 
in  1629,  and  say  that  "  in  1643,  one  Mr.  Watwick  was 
rector."  This,  of  course,  is  a  mistake  for  "Warwick"; 
for  in  1644  Thomas  Warwick  was  still  in  possession  of 
the  two  livings,  contributing  as  such  in  that  year  to  the 
Carlisle  garrison.  Shortly  afterwards,  at  least,  the  Bow- 
ness living  passed  out  of  his  hands;  but  in  what  way  we 
have  no  means  of  knowing.^  Possibly  we  have  here 
another  case  of  a  person  compelled  to  surrender  a  living 
because  of  his  Pluralism. 

Lancelot  Wharton,  1647. 

This  is  a  new  name.  Nicolson  and  Burn  pass  from 
"  Watwick  "  in  1643  to  1660.  In  1647,  however,  Lancelot 
Wharton  was  here  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

26  Nov.  1647. 

Or.  That  Lancelot  Wharton  Minister  at  Bowness  in  the  County  of 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  215. 

2.  Vide  p.  643. 

3.  Institution  Books. 

4.  Vide  pp.  250,  &c. 


6o2  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Cumberland  shall  continue  in  officiating  the  said  Cure  until  such  Time 
as  the  Title  to  the  said  Kectory  betwixt  the  Parties  be  by  Law  or 
otherwise  cleared  and  determined ;  and  this  with  a  Salvo  Jure 
cujuscunque  and  without  Lapse. i 

Unfortunately,  we  have  no  further  information  about 
him,  unless  the  reference  in  the  Musgrave  Tracts  is  to 
him,  where  it  is  charged  against  Sir  Arthur  Haselrig  that 
"  honest  men  are  put  out  of  the  ministry  under  the  name 
of  Sectaries  and  Independents  as  Mr.  Lampit,  Mr.  Bag- 
gerly  and  Mr.  Wharton."  ^ 

John  Saxton,  1656—1660. 

This  name  is  given  by  Calamy  as  that  of  a  Minister 
ejected  from  this  place.  ^  Palmer  adds  the  story  of  Mr. 
Saxton,  the  Puritan  Minister,  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

It  appeals  from  Mather's  History  of  New  England,  that  a  minister 
of  this  name  went  into  that  country.  The  author  gives  the  following 
account  of  him.  He  was  a  Yorkshire  man  a  studious  and  learned 
person  :  a  great  Hebrician.  The  unsettled  condition  of  the  colony, 
and  some  unhappy  contentions  in  the  plantation  where  he  lived,  put 
him  upon  removing  from  Scituate,  first  to  Boston,  and  so  to  England, 
in  his  reduced  age.  I  find  in  Mr.  Ryther's  devout  book,  intitled  A 
Plot  for  Mariners,  this  passage  related  concerning  him.  An  old 
Puritan  minister,  Mr.  Saxon  of  Leeds  in  Yorkshire,  in  a  storm,  as  he 
was  coming  from  New  England,  when  they  were  all  expecting  the 
vessel  to  sink,  said — 0  who  is  now  for  Heaven? — who  is  bound  for 
Heaven.     (Math.  Hist.  B.,  iii,  p.  214.)* 

Palmer  does  not  say  whether  the  insertion  of  that  story 
is  intended  to  suggest  that  the  Puritan  Minister  in  ques- 
tion was  the  same  as  the  Bowness  Incumbent.  Such, 
however,  could  not  have  been  the  case.  Peter,  not  John, 
was  the  name  of  the  New  England  Puritan;  and  the 
period  of  his  Incumbency  at  Leeds  does  not  permit  of  his 
connection  with  Bowness.^ 

That  John  Saxton  was  at  Bowness  in  1656  is  made  clear 

1.  L.J.,  vol.   ix,  p.   544. 

2.  Vide  p.  622. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   159. 

4.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  377. 

5.  Vide  Thoresby's  Diary,  vol.  i,  p.  118,  for  a  reference  to  Peter 
Saxton,  whose  name  was  evidently  lovingly  cherished  in  the  district  for 
many  years. 


Bowness  603 

by  the  following  notice  of  his  Composition  for  First 
Fruits  :  — 

Cumbland,   E.   Bouldnesse. 

ffirst  No.  1656. 
ffirst  May   1657 
July  21.  1656.  ffirst  No.  1656 

John  Sexton  cl  ffirst  May   1657 

[probably  should  be 
1657  and  1658] 
xixli  xs  vjd  ob  ' 

Beyond  this  no  information  about  him  has  been  obtained, 
nor  do  we  know  whether  he  was  in  any  way  related  to 
Peter  Saxton.  The  appointment,  however,  of  George 
Troutbeck,  in  1660,  gives  countenance  to  the  idea  of  an 
Ejectment  here. 

Geoege  Troutbeck,  1660—1691. 

The   Registers,   probably   referring   to   the  date  of  his 
Induction,  give  the  following  :  — ■ 

Georgius    Troutbecke    Rector    de    Bowness    vicessimo    quarto    die 

Novembris  Annoq  Dom.   1660. 

A  daughter,  Mary,  was  baptized  Feb.  16,  1678-9,  being  a 
"  Lord's  Day."  George  Troutbeck  compounded  for  his 
First  Fruits  in  1663.  He  belonged  to  a  Cumberland 
family,  being  the  son  of  Robert  Troutbeck,  who  for  some 
time  was  probably  Minister  at  Xewton  Reigny.^  In  an 
Inquisition  at  Blencow  on  August  29,  1688,  with  William 
Whitelock  and  his  wife,  Elizabeth,  as  plaintiffs,  George 
Troutbeck,  Clerk,  Wm.  Troutbeck,  Thos.  Bowerbank  and 
Wm..  Nicholson  appear  as  defendants  in  a  dispute  respect- 
ing "  the  Barony  &  manor  of  Dacre,  the  manors  or  lord- 
ships of  Johnby,  Blencowe,  Skelton,  Newton  and  Catterlen, 
and  right  and  title  to  the  lands  late  of  Robert  Troutbeck 
Clerk,  otherwise  called  Sir  Robert  Troutbeck  (late  father 
of  defendant  George  and  grandfather  of  plaintiff  Eliza- 
beth) and  Mary  his  wife.  Touching  plaintiff  Elizabeth's 
claims  to  the  lands  as  heir-at-law  to  Sir  Robt,  &c.  &c. 

1.  Composition  Books  (Record  Office). 

2.  Vide  p.  450. 


6o4  The    Ejected    of   1662 

Customs  of  Manors  &c.  &c."  the  names  and  possessions 
of  "  Robt.  Troutbeck  (eldest  son  of  Sir  Robt)  Anthony 
Troutbeek  (second  son  of  Sir  Robt.  father  of  plaintiff 
Elizabeth)  Lord  Dacre,  Chr.  Blencowe  Esq.  (late  lord  of 
the  manor  of  Blencowe)  and  Chres.  Richmond  (lord  of 
the  manor  of  Catterlen) "  are  mentioned.^  George 
Troutbeck  appears  as  plaintiff  against  "  John  Lawson, 
Thos.  Wilson  Richd.  Winder  Robt.  Earlam,"  in  a 
dispute  concerning  "  the  Rectory  and  parish  of  Bowness 
and  lands  &c.  in  Whitrigg  in  the  possession  of  defendants 
Lawson,  Winder  and  Farlam  and  lands  &c  in  Langcroft 
and  Anithorne  in  possession  of  Wilson.  Tithes."  ^  The 
Inquisition  was  at  Carlisle  Jan.  1,  1684,  and  a  similar  one 
was  taken  at  the  same  place  the  following  October.  George 
Troutbeck  died  in  1691,  the  burial  entries  of  himself  and 
wife,  who  survived  him  about  four  years  being  as  follow : 
1691  George  Troutbecke  lat-e  Rector  of  Bowness  was  buried  ye  6th 

day  of  Aprill. 

Ann  the  wife  of  George  Troutbecke  of  Bowness  was  buried  the  11th 

day  of  March  1695. 

Henry  Aglionby,  M.A.,  1691—1697. 

He  was  of  St.  John's,  Cambridge,  taking  his  B.A.  in 
1670,  and  M.A.  in  1684.  He  was  instituted  July  4,  1691, 
on  the  Presentation  of  Henry  Dacre,  Norfolk,  and  was  a 
Pluralist,  having  Addingham  as  well  as  Bowness.^  He 
died  in  1697,  and  his  burial  entry  is  thiis  given  :  — 

1697  Henry  Aglionby  late  Rector  of  Bowness  was  buried  the  29th 

day  of  May  1697. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says:  — 

The  last  Vicar  (Mr.  Aglionby)  lyes  bury'd  in  the  Chancel;  under  a 
Grave-stone  whereon  there's  an  Inscription,  so  ill  cut  that  'tis  not 
now  legible,  and  will  be  entirely  defaced  ere  long.  4 

Gerard  Lowther,  M.A. ,.1697 — 1731. 

He  was  the  son  of  Christopher  Lowther  of  Colby  Laithes, 
and  grandson  of  Lancelot  Lowther,  Vicar  of  Addingham, 

1.  Ex.  Dep.  Mich.  31.  R€c.  Office. 

2.  Ex.  Dep.   Hil.   12. 

3.  Vide  p.  356. 

4.  Miscel.,  &c.,  21. 


I 


Bowness  605 

in   Commonwealtli   days.^     Gerard   Lowther's   Institution 
was  on  August  20th,  1697.     Bishop  Nicolson  says  :  — 

The  Rector  (Mr.  Gerard  Lowther)  has  remov'd  all  his  Goods  to 
Colbyleathes,  near  Appleby,  designing  to  fix  his  Family  there ;  and  his 
Curate  is  also  retired  into  Lancashire ;  So  that,  on  Sunday  last,  they 
had  no  Service ;  nor  do  they  know  when  they  shall.  2 

Probably  it  was  this  continued  neglect  of  his  living  which 
led  to  a  threatened  Sequestration  in  1708.  Bishop 
Nicolson,  who,  in  his  Diary,  refers  in  no  complimentary 
terms  to  Gerard  Lowther,  under  date  April  17th,  1708, 
notes  a  visit  of  Lowther  who  craves  "  Suspension  of  his 
Sequestration."  ^  He  retained  the  living  until  his  death 
in  1731.  His  wife  Ann  Lowther  "  dyed  on  Friday  the 
12th  and  was  buryed  on  Sunday  the  14th  day  of  January 
1732."  The  Registers  have  the  following  about  his  sons  : 
Lancelot  the  son  of  the  Reverend  Mr.   Gerard  Lowther  Rector  of 

Bowness  was  baptized  the  30th  day  of  August  Anno  Domini.  1699. 
Bapt.    Henry   the   son   of    Mr.    Lowther,  Mar.    18.    1700    admitted 

Trinity  Coll.  Dublin  Mar.   1713. 

Henry  Lowther  subsequently  became  Rector  of  Aikton. 

The  Registers  note  the  coming  of  Thomas  Lewthwaite, 
the  Curate,  referred  to  by  the  Bishop  :  — 

Memandum  That  on  ye  last  day  of  May  1703  Thomas  Lewthwaite 
came  to  Boulness  to  Serve  as  Curate  for  Mr.  Lowther.  4 

The  following  also  from  the  same  source  deserves  a 
place  here  :  — 

Memorandum  That  George  Whinfield  of  Oackton(?)  came  to 
bowness  to  serve  for  Clerk  on  ye  1  of  8ber  Anncq  domini  1716  by  ye 
general  consent  of  the  16teen  and  Rector  of  ye  parish. 

On  the  top  of  the  page  dealing  with  1677  is  "  George 
Whenfield"  also  in  the  margin  of  1681  "George  Whinfield 
Clarke."  His  name  appears  in  the  Parish  Registers  of 
Kirkbride  along  with  that  of  John  "Walker,  Minister.^ 

1.  Vide  p.  351. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.  21. 

3.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  30. 

4.  For  Lewthwaite  vide  p.  221. 

5.  Vide  p.  599. 


lY.     KIRKBAMPTON. 

This  is  a  moderate  sized  village  lying  some  six  miles  west 
of  Carlisle,  and  about  the  same  distance  north  of  Wigton. 
The  Registers  of  the  Church,  which  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Peter,  do  not  date  farther  back  than  1695.  The  following 
list  of  Incumbents  covers  the  period :  — 

Joseph  Lowden,  M.A.,  1598 — 1610. 

He  resigned  in  the  latter  year.  A  person  of  this  name 
was  at  Irthington  in  1597.^ 

CuTHBERT  Roper  or  Raper,  1610. 

He  was  "  unanimously  and  jointly  presented  by  Henry 
Dacre,  Cuthbert  Musgrave,  and  John  Brisco  esquires,"  ^ 
and  instituted  September  15th,  1610. 

Robert  Brown,  M.A.,  1639. 

He  held  the  living  of  Stanwix  ^  as  well,  and  died  in 
1639. 

Otho  Polewheele,  M.A.,  1639— 1651  (?). 

He  was  instituted  December  30th,  1639,  on  a  Presenta- 
tion by  "  Will  Brisco  de  Crofton  hall  Com.  Cumbr.  ar. 
hac  Vice  Patron."  He  had  previously  been  at  Egremont  -i 
for  a  short  time,  and,  in  1640,  compounded  for  his  First 
Fruits  as  follows  :  — 
May  1640. 

Kerkbampton  Otho  Polwhele  IMinister  of 
Johnes  Polwhele  de 
Trevoorgan  in  Com.  Comub.  5 

He  appears  as  "  Otto  "  and  "  Theophilus  "  as  well  as 
"  Otho."     In  1651  he  was  appointed  to  the  Lectureship  at 

1.  Vide  p.  283. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  210. 

3.  Vide  p.  190. 

4.  Vide  p.  822. 

5.  Composition  Books  (Record  Office). 


Kirkbampton  607 

Carlisle,  to  which  place  he  removed.^  A  ^ap  of  several 
years  occurs  after  the  removal  of  Polewheele,  the  next 
known  Minister  appearing  in  1658. 

John  Bell,  1658 — 1679. 

His  appointment,  together  with  a  note  of  his  Augmen- 
tation, is  given  in  the  following:  — 

Kirkbanton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland. 

John  Bell  CI.  Admitted  the  second  day  of  July  1658  to  ye  R.  of 
Kirkbanton  in  the  County  of  Cimibland  Upon  a  pres.  Exhib.  the  21st. 
day  of  May  1658  from  William  Brisco  Esq.  the  patron  And  Certi- 
ficates from  The.  Craister  Cuth  Studholme  Tho.  Sewell  Jos.  Nicholson 
of  Orton.  2 

March  9.  1658. 

Kirkbanton.  Ordered  yt  Mr.  ffarrington  SoUr  Certefy  unto  these 
Trustees  &c  the  Eighteenth  Day  of  this  iiustant  March  what  are  the 
yearely  sumes  paj'^able  out  of  the  benefices  of  Beaumont  &  Kerkandrs 
&  Kerkbanton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  for  tenthes  &  what 
arreares  of  tenthes  are  due  from  ye  sd  Benefices  whereupon  these 
Trustees  shall  take  further  Consideracon  of  the  peticon  of  Mr.  John 
Bell  Minister  of  Kerkbanpton  aforesd  this  day  exhibited. 3 

Kirkbanton.  Apr.   1.  1659. 

Ordered  that   the   sume   of    131i    8s   4d.   bee    graunted    to    and    for 
increase  of  the  maintennce  of  Mr.  John  Bell  Minister  of  Kirkbanton 
in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Approved  by  the  Com.  for  approbation 
of  publique  preachers  Which  wee  hmnbly  Certifie  to  his  Highnes  the 
Lord  protector  and  the  Councell. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Edw.  Cressett,  Ra.  Hall,  Jo.  Humfrey  Ri.  Yong.4 
John    Bell    accepted  the   new    order    of  things    at   the 
Kestoration.     He  sought  reordination  and  became  Priest, 
August   17th,    1662,   just  one   week  before   St.  Bartholo- 
mew's Day."     Everything  points  to  a  continuous  ministry 
until  his  death  in  1679. 

1.  Vide  p.  145. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.),  999. 

3.  Ibid.,  989. 

4.  Ibid.,  1004. 

5.  The  Episcopal  Register. 


6o8  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Thomas  Story,  M.A.,  1679—1740. 

He  was  an  Edinburgh  graduate,  taking  his  M.A.  degree 
in  1674,  was  ordained  Priest,  March  7th,  1676-7,  and 
instituted,  May  22nd,  1679,  on  a  Presentation  by  Henry 
Dacre  of  Lanercost.  He  held  the  living  for  61  years ;  and 
at  the  time  of  his  death,  1740,  "had  buried  every  one  of 
the  parishioners  that  was  living  at  his  induction/'^  Bishop 
Nicolson  has  the  following  interesting  note  in  his  Diary 
under  date  Sept.  11,  1708  :  "Mr.  Story  of  K.  Bampton,  for 
removeing  to  Burgh,  his  son  (not  yet  poor-child)^  costs 
him  401i  per  annum."  s  Along  with  Kirkbampton  was 
joined  Burgh  during  the  greater  part  of  this  period.*  His 
son,  John  Story,  became  Yicar  of  Thursby  in  1726,  and  of 
Dalston  in  1731. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  211. 

2.  "  Pauper  puer  "  the  official  designation  of  a  Queen's  College  Under- 
graduate. 

3.  Trans.  (N.S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  41. 

4.  Vide  p.  225. 


V.    AIKTON. 

This  village,  which  in  older  documents  appears  as 
"Ayketon,"  "Aketon,"  "Aicton,"  and  "Acton,"  lies  some 
four  miles  north  of  Wigton  and  about  nine  west  of 
Carlisle.  The  Registers  of  the  Parish  Church,  though  it 
is  a  very  old  foundation,  do  not  begin  until  1694.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Thomas  Blayne,  1598—1642. 

He  was  instituted  June  19th,  1598,  on  a  Presentation 
by  "  Comes  Arundell  at  Surrey."  ^  Foster  gives  "  Alan 
Blayne  as  son  of  Thomas  of  Acton,  Cumberland,  Sacred. 
Queen's  Coll.  matric.  21.  Nov.  1628,  aged  18:  B.A.  12 
May  1629,  M.A.  24  Jan.  1631-2,  rector  of  a  moiety  of 
Pattishall,  Northants,  1642,  as  Blaney."  ^  Alan  Blayne 
appears  in  Walker's  list  of  "  Suffering  Clergy."  ^  Thomas 
Blayne  died  in  1642. 

Thomas  Head,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1642—1646. 

On  the  death  of  Thomas  Blayne,  Nicolson  and  Burn  say 
that  "  a  caveat  was  entered  Feby  7.  1642  by  William 
Head,  vicar  of  Holm  Cultram,  on  the  behalf  of  his  brother 
Thomas  Head;  who  on  the  7th  of  March  following  was 
instituted  by  archbishop  Williams  then  residing  in  Wales, 
on  the  presentation  of  Thomas  Dennis  a  mercer  in  Oxford. 
And  a  monition  was  sent  by  the  said  archbishop  to  the 
archdeacon  of  Carlisle  to  give  induction  thereupon.  Dr. 
Usher  was  then  and  had  been  about  :a  year  bishop  of 
Carlisle ;  but  archbishop  Williams  was  then  begun  to 
incline  to  the  parliament  party."*     Thomas  Head  was  a 

1.  Institution  Books. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 

3.  Pt.  ii,  p.  213 ;  see  also  p.  413  of  the  same  work. 

4.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  201. 

A  N 


6io  The   Ejected   of  1662 

native  of  Cumberland,  matriculated  Queen's  Coll.,  Oxford, 
at  the  age  of  16,  on  May  10,  1622,  graduated  B.A.  Jan. 
31,  1626-7,  M.A.  June  30,  1630,  B.D.  June  11,  1639.i  He 
compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1643,  and  was  here  in 
1644,  contributing  in  that  year  to  the  Carlisle  garrison 
the  sum  of  £3 — 0 — 0.     He  died  however  shortly  after. 

James  Halton,  B.A.,  1646 . 


He  also  was  a  native  of  Cumberland  and  graduate  of 
Queen's  College,  matriculating  there  May  10th,  1622,  at 
the  age  of  16,  and  taking  his  B.A.  degree  February  15th, 
1625—6.2  His  appointment  to  Aikton  is  given  in  the 
following  terms  :  — 

Aketon.  Julij.  4.  1646. 

This  Cotee  taking  into  consideracon  the  peticon  of  James  Halton 
clerke  for  that  it  thereby  appeareth  that  he  is  psented  to  the  Rectorie 
of  Aketon  in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  by  the  right  honble  the  Earle 
of  Arundell  &  Surray  patron  thereof  the  said  Rectorie  becoming  void 
by  death  &  the  sd  Mr.  Halton  complayneth  that  one  Mr.  Sharpies 
who  hath  another  livinge  hath  obteyned  an  order  from  the  Comtee 
for  the  parliamt  in  the  North  ptes  for  the  said  living  conceiving  the 
said  Earle  to  be  a  delinquent  ffor  that  it  now  appeareth  that  the  said 
Earle  is  noe  delinquent.  The  Comittee  doe  therefore  referre  him  the 
sd  Mr.  Halton  to  same  to  gett  his  Institucon  and  Induccon  into  the 
sd  R«ctorie  notwithstanding  the  clayme  of  the  sd  Mr.  Sharpies 
thereunto.' 

July  24th  1646.  Ordered  That  Doctor  Aylett  shall  give  Institution 
and  Induction  to  James  Halton  Clerk  to  the  Rectory  of  Aketon  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland  being  presented  thereunto  by  the  Earl  of 
ArimdeU  :  And  this  with  a  Salvo  Juris  cujuscunque.* 

Institution  was  given  on  July  27th ;  but  the  appointment 
was  disputed,  and  an  attempt  was  made  by  Francis  Lord 
Dacre    to    put    in   Richard    Sharpies    of   Croglin.^      The 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Add.  MSS.,  Brit  Mub.,  15670. 

4.  L.J.,  vol.  viii,  p.   443. 

5.  Vide  p.  406 ;   also  Masy  Letters,  p.  913. 


Aikton  6 1 1 

matter  went  on  for  a  couple  of  years  before  James  Halton 
was  "quieted"  in  the  living,  and  the  following  documents 
tell  the  story  :  — 

Aug.  25.  1646.  The  Petition  of  Francis  Lord  Dacres  touching  the 
Institution  of  James  Halton,  Clerk,  to  the  Rectory  of  Aketon  was 
read.  Upon  the  Petition  of  the  Lord  Dacre  read  this  Day  in  the 
House  :  shewing  That  the  Petitioner  hath  presented  Richard  Sharpeles 
Clerk  to  the  Parish  Church  of  Ackton  in  Cumberland ;  a»nd  that 
Doctor  Aylett  hath  granted  Institution  to  another  prejudicial  to  the 
Petitioner's  Title  It  is  ordered  by  the  Lords  in  Parliament  That  the 
said  Richard  Sharpies  shall  continue  his  possession  notwithstanding 
the  said  Institution,  any  order  of  this  House  to  the  Contrary  not- 
withstanding :  and  that  the  said  Parties  concerned  are  hereby  left  to 
their  ordinary  Course  in  Law  as  though  no  order  of  this  House  had 
been  made  touching  the  same,  i 

Die  Jovis  Septembris  1646. 

The  Petition  of  James  Halton  Clerk,  touching  the  Lord  Dacres  and 
the  Earl  of  Arundell  and  a  Presentation  to  the  Rectory  of  Aketon,  in 
■  Com.  Cumberland  was  read  in  haec  verba  : 
"  To  the  Right  Honourable  the 

Lords  in  Parliament  Assembled. 
The  humble  Petition  of  Jameg 
Halton   Clerk ; 
Sheweth, 

That  he  is  duly,  and  within  the  six  months,  presented  by  the 
Earl  of  Arundell  to  the  Church  of  Aketon,  Com.  Cumberland,  which 
became  void  by  the  Death  of  Thomas  Head,  the  last  Inciunbent,  in 
February,  1644,  who  was  also  thereunto  presented  upon  the  said 
Earl's  Title,  which  is  justified  (as  appended  to  the  Manor  of  Aketon) 
by  a  Possession  of  Two  Hundred  years  in  him  and  his  Ancestors ; 
And  the  Petitioner  hath  by  Order  of  this  Honourable  House  received 
Institution  from  Mr.  Doctor  Aylett  authorized  in  that  Behalf  : 
That  one  Richard  Sharpeles  who  is  beneficed  in  the  Same  County, 
and  first,  upon  Pretence  the  said  Earl  was  sequestered,  obtains  Order 
from  the  Commissioners  for  the  Northern  Parts  to  officiate  in  the 
said  Church  and  receive  the  Profits  thereof  :  Which  Point  being 
cleared,  and  the  Petitioner  left  to  the  due  Course  of  Law  for 
settling  himself  in  his  Right  ;  now  (the  said  Sharpies  having  without 
Right  these  Two  years  kept  Possession  of  the  same  Church)  there  is  a 
Petition  exhibited  to  your  Lordships,  in  the  Name  of  the  Lord  Dacre, 
supposing  a  Presentation  from  his  Lordship  to  the  said  Shaipeles, 
and  intimating  his  Possession  to  have  been  under  that  Presentation ; 

1.  L.J.,   vol.   viii,   p.    470. 


6i2  The    Ejected    of   1662 


whereupon  the  Order  annexed  is  Made,  '  That  the  said  Sharpeles 
shall  continue  in  Possession  of  the  said  Church  notwithstanding  the 
Petitioner's  said  Institution.' 

Now,  for  that  the  Petitioner  doth  humbly  conceive  it  is  not  your 
Lordships'  Intention,  by  the  Said  Order,  to  prejudice  his  Title,  nor 
to  give  any  Possession  against  the  Petitioner  to  the  said  Sharpies 
(who  never  pretended  any  Presentation  from  the  Lord  Dacre  until 
now,  nor  hath  proved  any  to  have  been  made  within  six  months  after 
the  Death  of  the  last  Incumbent,  nor  ever  had  any  Institution 
thereupon  nor  can  indeed  have  any  Title  thereby)  : 

The  Petitioner  doth  humbly  pray  that  the  said  Church  being  in 
Point  of  Law  full  of  him  the  Petitioner,  by  the  Right  of  the  Said 
Presentation  and  Institution ;  and  the  said  Lord  Dacres  if  he  had  any 
Right,  put  to  this  Action  at  Law ;  your  Lordships  said  order  touching 
the  Possession  may  be  discharged ;  and  the  Petitioner  at  Liberty  to 
obtain  Induction,  which  the  said  Sharpies,  Notwithstanding  a 
Commission  by  Authority  from  your  Lordships  in  that  Behalf,  did 
oppose  by  Force  And  the  Petitioner  shall  be  ready  to  maintain  his 
Title  at  Law  and  answer  any  Action  that  shall  be  brought  by  the 
said  Lord  Dacre,  or  his  said  Clerk,  touching  the  Right  of  the  said 
Presentation. 

And   shall  pray  &c." 

Upon  reading  of  the  said  Petition  of  James  Halton  Clerk  this  Day 
in  the  House,  concerning  his  Right  to  the  Parsonage  of  Aketon,  in 
the  County  of  Cumberland,  presented  by  the  Earl  of  Arundell  and 
Surrey,  whereunto  Richard  Sharpeles  makes  Claim,  he  being  presented 
by  the  said  Lord  Dacre  to  the  said  Parsonage  :  It  is  Ordered  &c 
That  the  parties  are  hereby  left  to  their  ordinary  Course  at  Law 
touching  Matter  in  Difference  between  them ;  any  former  Order  of  this 
House  in  any  wise  Notwithstanding.' 

Feby.  10,  1646-47.  Ordered  That  Doctor  Aylett  shall  give  Institution 
to  Rich.  Sharpies  to  the  Parsonage  and  Rectory  of  Aicton  in  Cumb. 
presented  thereunto  by  the  Commissioners  of  the  Great  Seal.  This 
with  a  Salvo  juris  cujuscunque  and  the  Covenant  to  be  taken. 2 

May  20,  1648.  Upon  reading  the  Petition  of  James  Halton 
complaining  That,  upon  the  Presentation  of  Thomas  Earl  of  Arundel 
deceased  he  was  by  this  House  Instituted  and  Inducted  into  the 
Church  of  Ayketon  in  Com.  Cumber,  but  the  Possession  was  forcibly 
gained  and  detained  from  him  by  one  Mr.  Sharpeles  who  pretended 
Right  thereto  by  another  Instrument.  It  is  ordered  That  the 
Petitioner  shall  be  quieted  in  the  said  Living  until  he  be  evicted  by 
due  Course  of  Law.  3 

1.  L.J.,  Vol  viii,  p.  484. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  717. 

3.  Ihid.,  vol.  X,  p.  272. 


Aikton  6 1 3 

Ricliard  Sharpies  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  for 
Aikton  in  March,  1646-7,  and  James  Halton  in  November, 
1648.  It  appears  that  Halton  survived  this  only  a  short 
time,  for,  in  1650,  he  was  dead,  and  there  was  another 
contest  in  reference  to  a  successor. 

William  Lampit,  B.A.,  1650. 

This  is  almost  certainly  the  person  to  whom  Foster 
thus  refers  :  "  Lampit  William  of  co.  Worcester  pleb.  St. 
John's  College  [Oxford]  matric.  10.  Nov.  1621  aged  16: 
B.A.  from  Gloucester  Hall  8  Feb.  1625-6."  ^  Nicolson 
and  Burn,  who  make  no  mention  of  either  James  Halton 
or  Richard  Sharpies,  have  the  following:  — 

In  1650  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig  and  other  commissioners  for  propagating 
the  gospel  in  the  four  northern  counties  ejected  Mr.  Lampit  out  of 
the  rectory  of  Aketon,  upon  account  of  his  not  having  been  legally 
presented  thereto  :  and  settled  there  Mr.  Rowland  Nichols  an  able  and 
painful  preacher.  2 

William  Lampit  tells  the  story  in  his  letters  in  the 
Musgrave  Tracts;  and,  as  these  Tracts  contain  much 
valuable  information  respecting  men  and  things  in  this 
area  during  this  period,  an  account  of  them  with  con- 
siderable extracts  is  here  appended. 

John  Musgrave,  who  gives  his  name  to  the  series, 
informs  us  in  his  "  Cry  of  Bloud  of  an  Innocent  Abel," 
tbat  he  was  the  grandson  of  Sir  Simon  Musgrave,  who  in 
the  days  of  Queen  Elizabeth  did  good  service  against  the 
marauding  Scots  as  deputy  warden ;  and  that  on  his 
grandfather's  death  the  Queen  was  pleased  to  honour  his 
father  "  with  that  imployment."  He  does  not  state  his 
father's  name,  but  says  that  Sir  Simon  Musgrave's  second 
son  was  Sir  Richard  Musgrave ;  and  that  his  father 
brought  upon  him  the  envy  of  King  James,  and  that  of 
"  most  of  the  Scots  Nobility  "  by  the  "  great  executions  " 
that  he  did  "  upon  some  eminent  Scots,  enemies  to  our 
nation." 

1.  AI.  Ox. 

2-   Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  201. 


6i4  The   Ejected    of   1662 

He  continues :  — 

About  the  5th  year  of  King  James's  reign  here  in  England,  one 
Thomas  Musgrave,  a  dissolute  loose  man,  and  one  Puckering,  more 
deboist  drew  into  their  company  Sr  Thomas  Musgrave,  a  young 
gentleman  and  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Richard  Musgrave,  my 
grandfather's  second  son;  these  fell  upon  the  King's  Receivers  in 
Westmorland,  and  robbed  them,  and  the  night  after  came  to  my 
father's  house,  in  Cumberland,  and  lodged  there,  my  father  being 
then  at  Ednell,  ignorant  both  of  the  fact  done,  and  their  being  at 
his  house,  as  another  of  the  same  name  vsrho  suffered  for  that  fact, 
at  his  death  did  solemnly  declare.  Robinson,  then  Bishop  of  Carlisle, 
knowing  how  pleasant  a  thing  it  would  be  to  the  King  to  bring  my 
father  within  the  compasse  of  the  Law,  procures  Puckering  a 
pardon  to  become  an  Approver  against  my  father  to  evidence  that  he 
was  privy  of  their  being  at  his  house  after  the  fact  done,  more  they 
could  not  have  any  colour  for.  King  James,  glad  of  this,  doth 
forthwith  cause  a  Special  Gaol  delivery  to  be  called  for  trial  of  my 
father  and  sent  down  as  Commissioners  the  Earl  of  Dunbar,  with 
sundry  other  Lords  to  carry  on  the  design,  he  well  knowing  that 
upon  an  equal  tryal  my  father  would  be  in  no  jeopardy,  and  the 
King  a  moneth  before  the  Tryal  signs  a  warrant  for  execution  to 
prevent  all  Reprival,  all  which  was  with  much  celerity  performed 
according  to  the  King's  direction ;  but  the  great  signal  Testimonies 
of  my  father's  innocency,  and  the  Comitrey's  dislike  of  these  extra- 
ordinary proceedings  much  discontented  the  King  and  the  Court 
faction.  My  father  left  an  estate  settled  upon  my  mother  &  his 
children  of  £200  by  year,  held  by  lease  for  3  lives,  which  King 
James  would  have  seized  on,  but  upon  Tryall  in  the  Exchequer, 
possession  was  established  with  her. 

He  next  tells  us  that  afterwards  his  mother  "  by 
persuasion  of  friends,  to  her  children's  undoing  marries 
one  Vaux,  a  gent,  of  ancient  but  most  wicked  bloudy 
family  having  no  Estate  at  all."  This  was  John  Vaux 
of  Catterlen  Hall,  who  died  some  years  before  Musgrave's 
mother,  and  whom  he  charges  with  most  brutally 
treating  her.  The  same  charge  he  brings  against  his  two 
sisters  who  married,  the  one,  Christopher  Richmond,  and, 
the  other,  Richard  Graham,  of  Nunnerly.  These  are  the 
two  "Bloudy  Cains,"  whose  persecution  of  him  he  alleges 
was  so  relentless. 

John  Musgrave  lived  at  "Milnerigs,"  possibly  the  same 
as  Millrigg,  a  few  'miles  south  of  Edenhall,  and  appears 


\ 


Aikton  6 1 5 

to  have  been  a  solicitor,  for  some  time  acting  as  steward 
of  the  Honour  of  Penrith.  For  about  ten  years,  1645  to 
1654,  he  bulks  considerably  in  the  life  of  these  two 
Counties,  and  was  frequent  with  his  Petitions  to  Parlia- 
ment. Lilly  in  his  account  of  the  troubles  of  his  "most 
munificient  Patron,"  Wm.  Pennington  of  Muncaster, 
caused  by  Isaac  Antrobus  and  John  Musgrave,  says  of  the 
latter :  — 

When  the  Times  of  Sequestration  came  was  one  John  Musgrave, 
the  most  bold  and  impudent  Fellow  and  most  active  of  all  the 
North  of  England,  and  most  malicious  against  my  Friend/  . 

Besides  the  four  Tracts  to  be  noted  presently,  several 
others  are  known  to  exist.  John  Musgrave  is  quite  a 
puzzle.  Whether  he  was  largely  moved  by  self  interest 
in  what  he  did,  or  was  the  patriot  he  claimed  to  be,  it 
is  difficult  to  say.  He  appears  to  have  been  the  one  man 
who  was  ready  to  take  in  hand  "  legal  jobs,"  which  no 
one  else  would  touch.  His  connection  with  the  Church 
at  Broughton  seems  to  have  been  intimate,  and  his  style 
of  speech  would  suggest  considerable  sympathy  with  the 
Quakers,  some  of  w^hom  he  befriended.  His  language 
was  often  eminently  pietistic.  Referring  to  an  escape  out 
of  the  hands  of  Graham  and  Richmond,  he  says:  — 
Thus  the  Lord  delivered  me  from  these  bloudy  Conspirators. 

In  another  place  he  writes  :  — 

I  have  endeavoured  to  shun  Superstition,  and  to  expresse  true 
devotion,  as  I  conceived  might  bee  most  acceptable  to  God,  and 
inoffensive  to  man. 

On  the  whole  his  character  does  not  leave  a 
favourable  impression  upon  the  reader.  The  following 
are  the  Tracts  :  — 

I.     DECLARATION 

of    Captalne 
John   Musgrave 
Prisoner  in   Newgate 
Vindicating  him  against  the  misprisions  and  imputed  reasons  of 
his   sad   imprisomnent   for  high  Treason   against  the   State    with  an 

1.  Hist,  of  His  Life  and  Times,  written  by  Himself,  &c.,  172L 


6i6  The   Ejected   of    1662 

Order  or  Proclamation  :   By  the   Committee   of  the   City   of  London 
with  the  Committee  of  Lords  and  Commons  for  safety  :   for  Listing 
-    in  the  late  engagement  &c. 
London. 
Printed    for   John    Musgrave,    and    are    to    bee    Sold    in 
Newgate  Market. 
1647.' 

II.     A   true  and  exact 
RELATION 
Of  the   great  and  heavy 
PRESSURES 
and 
GRIEVANCES 
The 
Well-affected    of    the    Northern   bordering   Counties   lye    under,    by 
Sir    Arthur    Haslerig's    misgovernment,    and    placing    in    Authority 
there    for    Justices    of   the    Peace,    Commissioners    for   the    Militia, 
Ministry,  and  Sequestrations,  Malignants,  and  men  disaffected  to  the 
present  Government,  set  forth  in  the  Petition,   Articles  Letters  and 
Remonstrance,  himibly  presented  to   the   Councel  of  State  with   his 
Apologie  to  the  Lord  President,   for  publishing  thereof. 
By   John   Mtjsgrave   [Latin   quotation]. 
London,  Printed  Anno  Dom.  1650. 

The  "Apologie"  charges  Sir  Arthur  Haselrig  with  taking 
for  "  bosome  acquaintances  such  as  were  professed  enemies 
to  this  Commonwealth;  and  preferrs  none  other;  he  slights, 
derides,  and  keeps  under  all  the  cordial,  and  well 
affected,"  an  instance  being  Mr.  [Charles]  Howard,  "  a 
most  dangerous  and  notorious  delinquent,"  who  "  hath 
for  his  Councellour  one  Fallowfield  a  Lawyer,  a  dangerous 
Papist,  being  but  the  other  day  with  the  Rebels  in 
Ireland,  and  for  his  Chaplain  a  Malignant-Priest  [Nichols] 
late  Preacher  to  the  King  at  Oxford  in  his  Garrison  there," 
and  who  is  "  made  High  Sheriff  of  Ctuinberland  "  :  — 

After  he  [Sir  Arthur]  returns  into  the  Countrey  to  Newcastle 
he  convenes  our  Ministry  before  him ;  the  Engagement  he  mentions 
not,  nay  some  are  threatened  with  imprisonment,  for  desiring  the 
same  to  be  tendered  to  some  Scottish  Malignant  Priests  which  are 
beneficed  with  us,  he  establishes  in  the  Ministry,  malignant,  scandalous, 
and   such   as  be  opposite   to   the  Engagement,    our   honest  Ministers 

1.  There  is  nothing  of  any  local  interest  in  this  Tract. 


Aikton  6 1 7 

and  your  friends  he  discountenanceth,  silenceth,  and  sequesters, 
putting  in  their  places  men  disaffected  and  Mr.  Nichols  SheriSe 
Howard's  Chaplain,  whom  before  I  spoke  of,  upon  the  recommenda- 
tion of  Mr.  Craystor  [Thomas  Craister,  Mayor  of  Carlisle] 
(as  from  a  good  hand  is  certefied  one)  since  I  came  thence,  he  hath 
placed  at  Aicton  where  before  Mr.  Lampit  served  faithfully  the 
cure. 

[The  "  Apologie  "  is  signed 

John  Musgrave. 
12  month   1650.] 

To  the 

Right  Honourable  the  Council  of  State,   sitting  at    White-hall. 

The  Humble  Petition  of  John  Musgrave,  for,  and  in  the  behalf  of 
Thomas  Worsley  Esquire,  John  Worsley,  Elizabeth  Worsley,  Caftain 
Richard  Crackanthorp,  Mary  Blaythwaite,  and  the  rest  of  the  well- 
affected  in  the  Counties  of  Cimiberlajid,  Westmerland,  Bishoprick, 
and  Northumberland.  Articles  exhibited  by  John  Musgrave,  Gentl. 
to  the  Councel  of  State,  against  Sr  Arthur  Haslerigge,  Knight,  and 
Barronet,  Govemour  of  New-Castle,  and  the  Northern  bordering 
Counties. 

1.  That  Sr  Arthur  Haslerigge  contrary  to  his  Engagement  to  the 
Councel  of  State,  and  Councel  of  States  Declarations  upon  the 
Petitioner's  exceptions,  procured  lately  such  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland,  to  be  Justices  of  the  Peace,  Commissioners  for  Sequestra- 
tions, Commissioners  for  the  Ministery,  and  Commissioners  for  the 
Militia  there  as  were  known  Delinquents,  and  such  as  are  disaffected 
to  the  present  Government,  and  complying  with  the  Scottish  Interest, 
ae  by  the  charge  against  them  hereunto  aainexed,  and  another  charge 
against  them,  formerly  exhibited  to  the  Councel  of  State  may  appear. 

2.  That  the  said  Sr  Arthur  Haslerigge  being  the  chief,  and  leading 
Commissioner  for  the  Ministry  at  Xew-castle,  approved  of  such 
Ministers  in  Cumberland  at  New-Castle  as  refused  the  Engagement, 
were  Scandalous,  and  Delinquents ;  And  such  Ministers  as  were  well 
affected,  without  any  charge  removed  from  their  Ministery,  and  put 
them  out  of  their  places,  whereby  he  discovers  his  dis-affection  to  the 
present  Government,  by  upholding  and  countenancing  the  Malignant 
party  in  Authority,  and   keeping   under  the   Parliament's   friends. 

There  are  seventeen  charges  in  all,  among  them  being 
the  fact  that  he  had  given  "  Commissions  to  Thomas 
Craystour,  Cuthbert  Studholme,  Captain  Broivn,  and 
others  to  be  Captains,  and  Lieutenants  in  Carelile 
Garrison,  men  known  to  be  disaffected  to  the  present 
Government,  prof  est  Enemies  to  honest  men" ;   that  he 


6i8  The   Ejected   of  1662 

'"doth  Countenance  none  in  Cumberland,  but  such  as  are 
profest  Enemies  to  the  honest  party,  and  are  for  the 
Scottish  Interest" ;  that  "the  said  Sr  Arthur  is  a  protector 
of  Papists,  and  Delinquents,  forbidding  the  Subseques- 
tratours,  and  Sollicitours  for  Sequestration  in .  Bishoprick 
to  Sequester  Papists,  Ordered  to  be  Sequestred,  of  which 
the  Papists  and  Delinquents  do  much  boast,  and  honest 
men  thereby  are  much  cast  down."  The  writer  then 
proceeds : — 

Articles  Exhibited  by  John  Musgrave,  against  the  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  Commissioners  for  the  Militia,  Commissioners  for  the  Ministery, 
and  Commissioners  for  Sequestrations  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
at  the  desire  and  Request  of  the  well-affected  there. 

Imprimis,  Thomas Lamplough  now  Justice  of  the  Peace,  a  Comniiss  oner 
for  the  Militia  and  Ministry,  took  the  Oath  for  the  Earl  of  New-Castle 
against  the  Parliament,  subscribed  the  same  set  out  Horse  and 
Arms  for  the  Enemy,  Voluntarily  Contributed  to  the  Enemy,  and 
his  Estate  protected  by  the  Enemy,  a  great  persecutour  of  honest 
men.  under  the  name  of  Independents,  a  Countenancer  and  protector 
of  Papists,  Delinquents,  and  Malignant  Ministers,  ajid  did  justifie 
the  Enemyes  Colonels  Orders  were  good  orders,  and  ought  to  be 
obeyed. 

2.  John  Stoddart  now  a  Commissioner  for  the  Militia  and  Ministry, 
a  man  Sequestrable,  was  a  Lieutenant  in  Arms  for  the  enemies 
against  the  Parliament  under  Captain  Rolf  a  drunkard,  a  pleader  for 
Delinquent  and  Scandalous  Ministers,  an  Enemy  to  honest  men,  and 
the  Parliament's  suflering  friends. 

3.  Robert  Hutton  now  a  Commissioner  for  the  Militia  and  Minist  y, 
a  man  Sequestrable,  took  the  Oath  for  the  Earl  of  New-Castle  against 
the  Parliament,  a  countenancer  and  upholder  of  Malignant  and 
Scandalous  Ministers,  and  such  as  Act  for  the  Scottish  Interest,  a 
commoji  Ale-house  haunter  and  a  great  drinker. 

4.  Cuthbert  Studholme  now  Commissioner  for  the  Mihtia,  Ministry 
and  Sequestrations,  a  private  Captain  in  Carlile  Garrison,  a  Farmour 
of  Sequestred  tithes  at  far  under  values,  when  other  would  have 
given  and  offered  greater  sumes,  a  countenancer  and  upholder  of  such 
Ministers  as  oppose  the  Engagement,  and  he  is  for  the  Scottish 
Interest  against  the  Parliament's  friends. 

5.  Thomas  Craister  now  a  Commissioner  for  Sequestrations,  for 
the  Militia  and  Ministry,  a  professed  Enemy  and  persecutour  of  all  the 
Parliament's  suffering  friends  there  under  the  name  of  Independants, 
an    upholder    and   maintainer  of   Malignant    and   such   Ministers    as 


Aikton  6 1 9 

refused  the  Engagement  and  are  for  the  Scottish  faction,  threatened 
those  that  informed  against  such  saying,  they  went  in  John  Musgrave's 
way,  he  discountenanced  witnesses  produced  against  Thomas 
Millington,  a  Malignant  Minister,  who  since  the  Act  and  Proclamations 
against  King  and  Kingship,  prayed  for  all  Kings  and  Princes,  and 
especially  for  those  that  pretended  title  to  this  Nation,  and  forbad 
men  to  speak  against  the  King,  and  said  the  King's  Laws  would 
yet  be  in  force  and  LawfuU,  and  that  the  Parliament  could  not  order 
England,  he  doth  still  Church  women  and  take  money  for  Burials, 
all  this  and  much  mere  was  proved  before  the  said  M.  Craister, 
M.  Langhorn,  M.  Lamplough,  M.  Cholmeley,  and  Edward  Winter, 
yet  by  M.  Craister's  power  and  countenance  the  said  Minister  is 
still  Countenanced  and  continued  in  his  personage,  being  worth  lOOf 
per  Annum,  and  more. 

6.  That  Thomas  Craister  refused  to  joyn  with  the  said  John 
Musgrave,  to  receive  discoveries  against  Delinquents,  whereby  the 
Common-wealth  is  hindered  10000/  and  Delinquents  inabled  to  raise 
a  second   war. 

7.  That  the  Commissioners  for  the  Militia  in  Cumberland  suffer 
Delinquents  to  ride  with  their  amies,  to  and  from  their  homes  at 
pleasure,  some  10,  some  20,  some  60  miles,  without  Sequestring  or 
questioning  them  for  it,  contrary  to  the  late  Act  of  Parliament. 

8.  Thomas  Cholmely  now  a  Justice  of  Peace,  a  Commissioner  for 
the  Militia,  Ministry  and  Sequestrations,  a  man  Sequestrable  left  the 
Parliament  for  his  delinquency  in  the  first  war,  was  in  arms  and 
joyned  with  the  Enemy  against  the  Parliament,  and  Voluntarily  lent 
the  Enemy  fifty  pounds,  in  the  second  war  kept  Intelligence  with 
the  Scots,  and  sent  a  man  and  horse  to  the  Enemy  into  Scotland, 
took  the  Oath  for  the  Earl  of  New-Castle  against  the  Parliament, 
a  great  Enemy  to  the  Parliament's  friends  and  them  they  call 
Independants,  joyned  with  M.  Briscoe,  Sr  Wilfride  Lawson, 
M.  Lamplough,  M.  Henry  Tolson,  M.  Thomas  Curwen,  and  M.  John 
Barwis,  in  committing  diverse  honest  n)en  for  not  coming  to  the 
Book  of  Common-Prayer,  since  it  was  taken  away,  and  caused  them 
to  be  indicted  at  the  Quarter  Sessions  for  the  same.  And  a  little 
before  the  Scots  received  the  last  great  overthrow  by  the  now  Lord 
General,  the  said  M.  Cholmley  said  the  Scots  were  his  brethren  in 
Covenant,  and  it  was  against  his  conscience  to  fight  against  the  Scots, 
he  is  a  great  upholder  of  such  Ministers  as  are  against  the  Engagement, 
and  he  complieth  with  the  Malignant  and  Scottish  party. 

9.  Edward  Winter  a  man  of  private  condition,  never  appeared 
for  the  Parliament  where  danger  was,  a  Countenancer  and  maintainer 
of    Malignant    Ministers    and    such   as  are  against    the    Engagement, 


620  The   Ejected   of  1662 

and  procured  by  M.  Craister  and  M.  Langhom  to  be  a  Commissioner 
for  the  Militia  and  Ministry  to  vote  with  them. 

10.  John  Crosthwaite  a  Commissioner  for  the  Militia  and  Ministry, 
a  maji  that  lived  peaceably  in  the  Enemies  Quarters  while  they  had 
power,  never  acted  nor  appeared  for  the  Parliament  where  danger 
was,  holds  his  Estate  in  Tenantbright  under  Sr  John  Lowther,  and 
was  Bailiffe  and  receiver  of  his  Rents,  when  Sr  John  was  a 
Commissioner  of  Array,  he  is  a  fearfull  low-spirited  man,  and 
procured  by  M.  Craister  to  be  a  Commissioner  to  vote  and  Act  with 
him. 

11.  William  Mawson  now  a  Commissioner  for  the  Militia  and 
Ministry,  never  acted  nor  appeared  for  the  Parliament  where  danger 
was,  a  great  favourer  and  protector  of  Scandalous  and  Malignant 
Ministers,  and  procured  by  M.  Craister  and  M.  Langhorn  to  vote 
with   them    and   uphold    their    Interest. 

12.  Thomas  Langhom,  now  a  Commissioner  for  Sequestrations,  the 
Militia  and  Ministry ;  a  Man  sequestrable  took  the  Oath  for  the  Earl 
of  Newcastle  against  the  Parliament :  A  great  enemy  to  them  they 
call  Independents,  refused  to  joyn  with  the  said  John  Musgrave,  in 
discovery  of  Delinquents  when  presented  unto  them,  an  upholder  of 
Mr.  Balwyne,  a  Minister  that  refuseth  the  Engagement,  to  preach  on 
Thanksgiving-dayes  or  preach  for  the  Parliament  or  Army,  disaffected 
to  the  present  Government,  and  joynes  with  Mr.  Craister  to  keep 
under  such  as  favour  the  Parliaments,  and  such  as  are  called 
Independents. 

13.  Thomas  Garth  named  Agent  for  Sequestrations,  a  man 
Sequestrable,  took  Oath  for  the  Earl  of  Newcastle,  was  Comet  to 
Sir  Henry  Fletcher,  and  Quartermaster  to  Sir  Phylip  Musgrave,  a 
great  favorer  and  protector  of  Malignants,  while  he  was  Solicitor  to 
the  old   Committee   for  Sequestrations. 

14.  Henry  Robinson,  imployed  as  Agent  for  Sequestrations  now 
by  Mr.  Craister  and  Mr.  Lajighorne,  voluntarily  gave  to  the  Enemy 
five  pounds  to  buy  a  Horse  and  ingaged  he  would  never  act  for  the 
Parliament,  protesting  what  he  did  for  the  Parliament,  he  did  it  for  a 
livelihood ;  saying,  alas,  alas,  he  was  for  the  King  in  his  heart. 

15.  Thomas  Curwen,  now  a  Justice  of  Peace,  in  the  last  Warre  set 
out  man  and  Horse  for  the  Enemy,  was  protected  in  his  Eistate  by 
Baronet  Curwen,  and  continued  at  the  said  Baronet  Curwen's  house  all 
the  time  of  the  last  Warre,  and  after  the  County  was  reduced  to 
the  Parliament,  he  protected  the  said  Baronet  Curwen's  Estate, 
kept  his  Goods  from  being  sequestring,  and  in  a  threatening  manner 
told  some  whom  he  Ccilled  Independents,  that  it  was  such  as  they 
that  caused  the  last  Warre. 


Aikton  621 

16.  That  all  or  most  of  the  Delinquents  there  injoy  their  real 
Estates,  and  most  of  their  personal,  and  those  that  have  compounded 
with  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig,  did  not  compound  the  half  value  of  their 
Estates. 

17.  Sir  Wilfride  Lawson,  now  a  Commissioner  for  Ministers,  and  a 
Justice  of  Peace,  was  a  Commissioner  of  Array,  and  acted  upon  the 
same,  took  the  Oath  for  the  Earl  of  Newcastle,  and  was  in  Arms  with 
the  Enemy  against  the  Parliament,  hath  great  summes  of  money  of 
the  County,  not  accompted  for,  a  professed  Enemy  to  honest  men,  a 
favorer  and  Protector  of  Papists  and  Delinquents. 

18.  That  the  Commissioners  for  the  Militia,  are  great  favourers  of 
Malignants  very  unequally  raising  the  Horse  on  the  poorer  sort;  and 
the  Parliament's  Friends,  whose  Estates  are  under  ten  pounds  per 
Annum ;  and  men  of  great  Estates,  and  charged  by  the  Act,  not 
charging  them  proportionably,  and  upon  such  as  have  Estates  and  did 
set  out  Horse  and  Arms  for  the  enemy,  they  impose  little,  and  of 
some  such  nothing  at  all. 

19.  That  the  Commissioners  for  Ministers  have  desplaced  such 
honest  Ministers  as  they  call  Independents,  and  such  rectories  they 
take  into  their  hands,  they  farm  out  to  their  own  Agents  and 
Servants  at  far  undervalues,  and  for  far  less  then  others  would 
have  given  and  afford,  when  the  same  be  let  out  as  one  instance  for 
many,  they  let  the  Rectory  of  Graistock,  which  is  worth  300Z  per 
Annum,  to  their  Agent  Clerk  for  three  score  and  eleven  pounds, 
when  twice  as  much  was  bid,  and  the  Commissioners  take  the  Tythes 
up  to  their  own  use  as  can  be  proved. 

John  Musgrave. 
The  Articles  are  subscribed,  and   will   be  attested  by 
John  Nicholson, 
Mungo  Rothero, 
John   Nicholson, 
Francis    Smith, 
Isaac   Antrobus. 

Musgrave  was  invited  to  appear  before  tlie  Council  of 
State  "  to  morrow  in  the  afternoon  "  to  give  in  his  excep- 
tions &c.,  the  date  of  the  order  being  Jan.  31,  1649. 

Then  follows  this  letter  from  the  "Congregated  Church" 
at  Broughton  together  with  some  others  :  — 

Kind  Friend  and  Brother  Musgrave. 

Upon  your  return  from  London  in  Hillary  Terme  we  were  much 
gladded  the  Council  of  State  was  pleased  to  hear  you  upon  your 
exceptions    to    the    Commissioners    of    the    Militia,    and     for    their 


^22  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Declaration  to  redress  our  grievances  Complained  of  in  your 
Remonstrance;  but  when  we  understood  that  Sir  Arthur  Hazlerig  had 
procured  the  same  men  whom  you  excepted  against,  not  only  to  be 
Commissioners  for  the  Militia,  but  for  the  Ministry  we  were  cast 
down,  conceiving  the  Enemy  to  be  very  potent,  and  prevailing  more 
on  you,  because  of  your  negligence,  though  formerly  you  have  been 
very  active  and  suffering  for  your  countrey ;  yet  in  this  we 
cannot  but  blame  you,  being  confident,  if  the  Councel  of  the  State 
had  known  what  manner  of  men  they  were,  how  disaffected  to  the 
present  Government,  either  Cavaliers  or  of  the  Scottish  faction,  not 
one  of  them  would  have  been  approved  of  by  the  Councel  of  State, 
unless  the  Crovernor  of  Carlile  who  in  regard  he  is  a  stranger,  is 
whoUy  guided  by  the  other  :  As  for  the  Militia,  they  pursue  not  the 
Act,  but  take  a  disposing  power  of  Men's  Estates,  setting  some 
half  a  Horse,  where  his  Estate  is  not  equal  to  such  they  impose  but 
a  third  part.  And  for  the  Ministry  they  approve  of  few  or  none,  but 
such  as  are  of  the  Scottish  faction  and  raylors  against  Independents, 
or  if  worse  may  be,  such  as  are  Malignants  and  Royalists ;  but  for 
honest  men,  they  cannot  abide,  such  they  remove  and  put  out  of  the 
Ministry,  under  the  name  of  Sectaries  and  Independents ,  as  Mr. 
Lam-pit,  Mr.  Baggerley,  and  Mr.  Wharton;  if  any  be  for  the 
Presbytery ,  though  they  deny  the  Engagement,  are  approved  of,  and 
allowed  :  our  Justices  of  Peace  do  impose  book-swearing  upon  some 
of  the  States  friends,  and  for  denying  the  same,  do  fine  them  in  ten 
pounds,  threatening  them,  and  scoffing  them,  and  calling  them  as  they 
think  good.  Mr.  Musgrare,  be  not  weary  of  well  doing,  though  you 
have  no  money  or  wages  from  us,  slight  us  not,  it  concernes  you 
nearly;  if  the  Enemy  be  thus  holden  up,  you  can  expect  little  ease, 
and  lesse  security ;  therefore  as  you  tender  your  own  welfare,  and 
your  friends'  peace,  be  not  sluggish  or  longer  silent,  but  stand  for 
the  cause  of  our  God,  and  his  People,  be  bold,  it  will  be  your  Honour, 
whatsoever  the  success  be,  trust  God.  Sir,  howsoever  be  our 
condition,  we  will  not  cease  to  trouble  you,  hoping  you  will  take 
in  good  part  what  we  have  written ;  and  will  not  forsake  your 
suffering  friends,  or  in  silence  leave  us  under  our  Enemies  hands, 
let  the  God  of  power  inable  you  to  finish  what  you  have  begun,  for 
the  good  of  his  Church  and  People;  to  whose  care  and  protectiooti 
we  recommend  you  and  our  cause,  this  13  of  the  9  Moneth  1650. 

Your  Brethren  in  Affection,  and  signed  by  the  direction  of  the 
Church  at  Bro^ghton,  in  particular  viz.  John  Robinson,  Mungo 
Rothero,  Gawen  Wheelwright,  John  Tafl&n,  John  Bow,  John  Scot, 
Fran.  Smith,  Tho.  Thompson,  John  Nicholson  [this  last  name  is 
-written]. 

Mr.  Lampit  the  Minister  of  Aickton  in  Cumberland,  hearing  I  was 
to  take  my  journey  for  London,  writes  unto  me  this  following  Letter 


Aikton  623 

Jb  after  came  to  me  himself  desiring  me  to  present  hif  Petition  to  the 
Councel  of  State,  and  another  for  the  Committee  for  plundered 
Ministers ;  the  man  being  poor  and  a  great  sufferer,  1  undertook  to 
do  m.y  endeavour,  to  accomplish  his  desire,  but  not  knowing  what 
success  I  should  have  therein,  1  did  not  tajce  one  peny  of  his  money: 

October  15.   1650. 
Worthy  Sir, 

Hearing  of  your  exceeding  care  in  promoting  the  glory  of  God,  & 
of  your  favourable  countenance  in  incouraging  honest  men,  in  reference 
to  the  State,  and  preseoit  Government  of  this  Nation,  strongly  ani- 
mates, and  makes  me,  though  unacquainted,  to  present  you  in  these 
lines,  with  a  short  Character  of  the  harsh,  and  unkind  (if  not  unjust) 
dealings  and  proceedings  of  the  Commissicaiers  for  the  Ministry 
against  me  at  Newcastle,  and  their  favour  towards  Malignants,  and 
scandalous  Ministers.  Sir,  I  was  by  some  of  the  old  Committee,  and 
other  Officers  in  Carlisle  commended  to  Aicton  Church  as  Minister, 
&  (after  the  decease  of  Mr.  Halton  last  incumbent)  there  elected  & 
called  by  the  People,  as  appears  by  a  testimony  under  their  hands ; 
but  when  Mr.  Craystor  had  received  the  like  Commission,  I  was 
called  at  first  to  Newcastle,  and  their  rage  was  so  hot  against  me,  in 
that  I  passed  under  the  notion  of  an  Independent,  that  Mr.  Craystor 
told  me,  I  should  not  stay  at  Airton  upon  any  condition,  and  so  by 
his  procurement,  incensed  Sir  Arthur  and  the  rest,  that  they  ejected 
me,  sequestred  the  Rectory,  and  left  the  People  ever  since  without  a 
Preacher;  they  having  neither  information,  accusation,  or  other 
charge  against  me,  save  only  my  judgement,  crossing  Presbytery  and 
the  Scottish  Interests.  But  as  for  others,  whose  names  are  subscribed, 
though  Malignant,  known  Delinquents,  and  very  Scandalous,  the 
Commissioners  approved,  and  setled  in  their  place  as  honest  men,  and 
others  as  yet  never  questioned.  All  which  partial  actings  of  theirs, 
as  yet  strengthens  theirs,  and  the  hands  of  their  enemies ;  so  it 
mightily  disheartens  the  well  affected,  and  will  prejudice,  as  me  in 
particular,  so  the  Commonwealths  friends  in  general.  Wherefore  I 
pray  you  in  behalf  of  myself,  and  the  honest  party,  use  your 
endeavour  for  a  speedy  redress,  which  I  hope  you  will  not  neglect,  and 
rest 

Your  Friend  to  serve  you 
W.  Lampit. 

Mr.  Bradshaw  Minister  at  Westwards  who  had  two  wives  at  once, 
now  living,  this  they  know. 

Mr.  Luggard,  Minister  at  Workington,  who  was  a  Chancellour  in 
Ireland,  was  married  to  another  man's  Wife  in  her  Husband's  life- 
time, and  often  drunk. 

Mr.  Jo.  Macmillian  a  Scot,  who  had  an  adulterous  Bastard  in  the 
highest  degree,  and  was  deposed  for  it  in  Scotland. 


624  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Mr.  Johnston  Minister  at  Disttngton,  who  had  often  complyed  with 
the  enemy  under  Duke  Hamilton. 

Mr.  Grainger  Minister  at  Bromfield,  who  is  often  drunk,  an  apparent 
Malignant,  a  Cavalerish  Priest,  even  to  this  day. 

Mr.  Batchleiffe  of  St.  Bees,  Mr.  Sledded  of  Cannanby,  with  many 
more  whom  they  know  themselves,  have  been  very  active  against  the 
State,  yet  because  they  are  Presbyterians,  they  must  be  setled,  and 
are  esta;blished  in  their  places  by  their  power. 

Mr.  Wheelwright  Chaplain  to  Barronet  Curwen  at  Preston,  lately 
in  Arms  against  the  State,  now  Minister  at  Broughton. 

Mr.  Warwick  late  Chaplain  to  Sir  Edward  Musgrave  a  great 
plunderer  of  honest  men. 

Mr.  Chambers  at  All  hallowes,  tenderer  of  Oath  for  the  Lord 
Newcastle,  a  Preacher  for  the  Enemy,  a  Common-Prayer-Booh  Man. 

Mr.  Welchman  Minister  at  Stannix,  an  enemy  in  Carlisle  Town, 
when  the  Leager  was  against  it,  and  many  more. 

And  all  the  Sir  Johns  and  Readers  yet  never  questioned  by  the 
Commissioners,  and  that  the  Independents  first  questioned,  and  put 
out,  I  have  alwayes  been  in  the  Parliament's  Army  and  Garrison,  and 
never  declined  the  Service,  being  3  times  in  prison,  and  5  times 
plundered  and  I  am  now  going  with  the  Governor  of  Carlisle  into 
Scotland. 

Yours 
To  his  much  honoured  W.  L. 

Friend, 
Mr.  Musgrave 
this  deliver. 

October  the  16.   1650. 
Dear  Friend 

Upon  after  thoughts  I  am  bold  to  acquaint  you  further  with  Mr. 
Craistours  dealing  and  my  friends,  I  being  at  New-Castle  by  order 
from  the  Commissioners  for  the  Ministry,  and  knowing  Mr.  Craistours 
resolution  to  out  me,  I  delivered  a  Letter  that  I  received  from  ^Major 
Bird,  Captain  Cave,  and  other  officers,  who  writ  in  my  behalf  to  a 
friend  of  theirs  and  mine,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Hobson  by  name,  which 
Letter  when  he  read,  and  spake  with  me,  did  go  presently  to  Mr. 
Craistour  and  others,  and  spake  in  my  behalf  to  him,  who  promised 
him  to  do  for  me  according  to  his  desire,  which  was  to  establish  me 
in  the  place  I  was  placed  in  by  the  Order  you  have  to  show,  and  I 
speaking  with  Mr  Craistour  myself  he  appeared  very  loving,  and 
said  I  should  that  day  be  called,  and  he  would  be  my  friend,  my 
friends  and  myself  believing  him,  conceived  all  to  be  as  he  pretended, 
and  did  rest  contented  till  that  day  was  past,  and  at  night  he  meeting 
with  Lieutenant  Colonel  Hobson  told  him  he  had  accomplished  his 
desire  in  behalf  of  his  friend,  which  was  myself  upon  his  word,  the 


Aikton  625 

Lieutenant  Colonel  sent  a  Letter  to  Major  Bird  and  other  Officers 
that  my  friend  (sayeth  he)  and  yours  is  established  in  his  place.  But 
all  this  appeared  to  be  meer  dissembling,  onely  to  hinder  my  friends 
to  speak  for  me,  till  he  did  get  an  order  to  out  me  without  any 
charge  against  me,  and  Sequestred  the  means.  Whether  this  be  just 
and  righteous  dealing  I  shall  desire  all  un-by-assed  to  Judge,  and 
since,  he  and  the  rest  have  had  the  Rectorie  in  their  hands,  there 
hath  not  a  Sermon  been  preached  by  their  appointment.  And  I  would 
have  preached  to  the  people  though  nothing  I  asked  for  my  pains ; 
yet  Mr.  Craistour  said  it  was  not  fit  for  me  to  preach,  saying,  I  was 
a  private  man,  because  the  hands  of  the  Presbytery  were  not  laid  on 
me,  upon  order  I  left  the  place,  five  weeks  the  Clergy  read  to  the 
people  by  the  Commissioners  appointment,  as  he  saith,  but  after  five 
weeks  seeing  their  condition  and  hearing  them  complain  to  me,  I 
have  preached  to  them  these  six  weeks  for  nothing,  but  now  I  am 
going  with  the  Army  into  Scotland  Mr.  Howldsvk)rth  an  Enemy  to 
the  State,  was  indeavoured  to  be  put  in  the  place  by  Commissary 
Sewel,  but  the  people  would  not  accept  of  him.  I  could  acquaint  you 
with  much  more  of  this,  and  the  like,  but  I  rest 

Yours    W.  Lampit. 
I  have  preached  this  20  years  and  was  both  Minister  and  Governour 
in  Lunde  Island,  and  was  never  excepted  against  by  the  Army  or  real 
friends  to  it,  or  the  State  W-  L. 

To   his  much   respected  friend 

Mr.   JOHN  MUSGRAVE. 

Mr.  Bywater  Chapline  to  the  Governour  of  Carlile,  a  man  of  good 
report  writes  to  me  this  following  Letter  in  approbation  of  what  Mr. 
Lampit  had  writ,  and  Mr.   Craistors  unchristian  dealing  with  him. 
Noble  Sir 

Mr.  Major  (meaning  Mr.  Craister)  quondam  Captain,  did  (as  I 
am  informed)  chearfuUy  bear  Arms  for  the  King  in  Carlile,  yea, 
bought  Arms  with  his  own  mony,  after  this  he  faced  about  to  the 
Pari,  party,  and  being  imprisoned  by  the  Royalists  for  it,  by-and-by 
he  recants  the  premises  considered,  for  when  Duke  Hamilton  appeared 
before  Carlile,  offering  him  release  upon  these  tearmes,  viz.  in  case 
he  would  joyn  with  him  and  the  Presbyterian  party  against  England 
upon  the  last  invasion,  it  is  reported  that  he  manifested  willingness 
to  receive  freedom  upcm  these  tearms,  for  since  he  hath  acted  in  that 
stream  with  a  high  hand  by  countenancing  such  as  are  extream 
enemies  to  this  present  power  *  speaking  [in  margin  *"As  Mr.  Baldwin 
who  uttered  in  the  sight  of  the  Regiment  stray  expressions  tending 
to  strife  and  division "]  words  of  division  in  the  Parliaments 
Garrison  though  he  himself  had  Commission  there ;  Nay,  his  whole 
current  was  for  the  Scottish  interest  with  the  English  Parliament,  for 

A  O 


626  The   Ejected    of  1662 

he  kept  his  Commission  there,  and  received  the  sweet  of  it,  till  he 
with  others  were  designed  against  Scotland,  but  then  layes  it  down 
under  this  specious  pretence  that  he  could  not  in  conscience  receive 
any  more  mony  from  the  State,  in  that  he  could  not,  or  had  not  done 
them  any  service,  because  of  his  Mayoralty  but  all  this  while  nothing 
said  of  making  restitution ;  he  was  a  friend  to  Scottish  Minister  of 
CocJcermouth,  who  refused  to  take  the  Engagement,  he  keeps  in 
Town  Officers  that  refuse  the  same,  manifesting  by  sundry  other 
actions  that  whatever  his  pretension  is,  yet  his  intention  is  not  for 
the  present  power.     My  dear  love  to  yourself  from  him  who  is 

Your  and  the  Common-wealth's 
Servant 

/.  Bywater. 

I  do  well  approve  of  this  other  relation  concerning  Mr.  Lampit  for 
Mr.   Craister,  manifested  as  much  hardness  as  he  could. 

Octob.    15.  1650. 
To  his  very  good  friend 
M.  Musgrave. 

All  men  may  see  by  this  Letter  of  L.  Fearon  the  rage  of  the 
Justices  made  by  Sr  Arthur  H.  have  against  honest  men,  and  that  the 
poor  Church  of  Broughton  complain  not  without  cause  what  would 
not  these  Justices  do,  if  Armed  with  Law  and  countenance  by  the 
higher  power,  when  they  thus  despise  the  Acts  &  Ordinances  of 
Parliament?  for  it  is  more  than  a  year  since  the  Act  for  liberty  to 
swear  without  laying  hand  on  a  Book  was  passed  and  published. 

Mr.  Musgrave 

Z  was  summoned  to  appear  at  the  last  quarter-Sessions  of  the  Peace 
at  Cockermouth,  where  I  did  appear,  and  being  returned  to  be  one 
of  the  Jury,  because  I  could  not  swear  upon  a  booh,  Mr.  Henry 
Pearson  then  Clerk  of  the  Peace,  fined  me  10  pounds,  and  would  not 
suffer  me  to  be  of  the  Jury :  1  shall  desi'^e  you  to  help  me,  and  other 
of  our  friends,  who  are  troubled  for  the  same,  that  we  may  have  the 
benefit  of  the  Act  of  Pari  concerning  Boole-Swearing,  Mr.  Antrobus 
and  Francis  Smith  are  troubled  for  the  like  by  Mr.  William  Tubman, 
Steward  to  the  Earl  of  Northumberland  in  Egrem-ont-Court,  the 
Justices  that  sate  upon  the  Bench  the  last  Sessions  when  I  was  fined 
in  10  pounds  are  Sr  Wilfrid  Lawson,  Henry  Tolson,  Thomas  Curwen 
and  Miles  Halton.  7  pray  you  do  this  for  us;  for  the  Parliam,ents 
suffering  friends  are  much  oppressed  by  their  Enemies. 

Sir,  I  remain 

Your  loving   friend 

Lancelot  Fearon. 
Lamplough  the  15.  of  October  1650. 

For  Mr.  John  Musgrave,  Steward  of  the  Honour  of  Penreth. 


Aikton  627 

There  is  much  else  in  the  pamphlet  but  not  of  local 
interest.  In  a  "  Post-Script "  the  writer  says  that  "  Sir 
A.  H.  within  these  2  or  3  years,  and  since  he  became  ruler 
of  the  North,  hath  got  an  Estate  in  Lands  there,  worth 
eight  or  ten  thousand  pounds  per  Annum,  part  by  oppres- 
sion; but  the  most  of  it  by  buying  the  Common-wealths 
Lands  at  far  undervalues ;  the  Surveyors  being  such  who 
durst  not  displease  him,  but  made  returns  of  the  values 

as   he   desired." 

III.  MUSGRAVE    MUZL'D  ; 

or 
The  Mouth  of  Iniquitie   Sloped.  •     . 

Being 
A  true  and   Clear  Vindication  of 
Sir  Arthur  Hazelrigge 
from 
A  false  and  Scandalous  Accusation  of 
John  Mitsgrare. 
In  his  late  Pamphlet  Intituled,  A   True  and  exact  Relation  of  the 
great  and  heavie  pressurs   and  grievances   the  Well-affected   of   the 
Northern  bordering  Counties  lye  under  by  Sir  A.  H.  misgovernmeoit. 
With  a  True  but  not  Exact  Character  of  the  said  Musgrave  in  some 
discoveries  of  him. 

London  Printed  by  John  Macock   for  L.  Lloyd  &   H.  Cripps,  and 
are  to  be  sold  at  their  shop  in  Popes  head  Alley,  1651. 

This  pamphlet  is  an  attempt  to  vindicate  the  character 
of  Haselrig  and  it  brings  a  counter  charge  against 
Musgrave  of  covetousness,  dishonesty  and  knavery.  The 
points  are  taken  and  answered  seriatun  and  the  language 
used  of  Musgrave  is  exceedingly  bitter.  It  is  said  that  he 
was  outed  from  the  stewardship  of  the  Honour  of  Penrith 
and  took  it  ill.  Among  other  things  adduced  in  proof  of 
his  covetousness  and  knavery  is  the  following :  — 

Observe  his  covetousness,  dishonesty,  and  (to  speak  it  out)  his  plain 

Knavery  in  this  Instance  following,  in  a  Certificate  under  the  hand  of 

a  Minister  and  an  eye-witness  thereof. 
A  Certificate  from,  a  Minister  touching  Mr.  Musgrave's  base  offering 

to  compound  to  desist  prosecution  of  an  honest  man,   by  him  accused 

for  a  certain  sum  of  money. 

About  the  beginning  of  February,  1648,  Captain  Crackanthorp  and 

John  Musgrave  procured  an  Order  from  the  Committee  for  Complaints 

at   Westminster,  to  summon  several  Gentlemen  within  the  County  of 


628  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Cumberland  to  appear  before  the  said  Committee,  to  answer  to  a 
Charge  lay'd  against  them  by  the  said  Captain  Crakanthorp  and  John 
Musgrave,  who  alledged,  that  they  had  sustained  loss  or  damage  by 
those  Gentlemen  (being  Justices  of  the  Peace  within  the  said  County) 
to  the  value  of  two  thousand  pounds  and  upwards ;  which  Order  the 
said  Informers  shewed  to  Captain  Dowson  and  myself,  then  being  in 
London.  We  friendly  demanded  of  them.  What  Injury  they  had 
received  from  William,  Brisco  Esq.,  now  High-Sheriff  of  the  said 
County,  being  one  of  those  Gentlemen  whom  they  accused,  and  whom 
they  had  Order  to  Summon.  And  finding,  by  their  unsatisfactory 
Answer,  that  a  matter  of  mony  would  pacific  them,  and  prevent  this 
appearance,  we  acquainted  Mr.  Edward  Brisco,  a  Merchant  in  London, 
and  Brother  to  the  said  William  Brisco,  Esq ;  of  their  Intentions,  so 
•far  as  by  their  discourse  we  could  judg  of  them;  Mr.  Edward  Brisco 
was  willing  to  promise  a  considerable  sum  of  mony,  though  without 
his  Brother's  privity,  hoping  he  might  thereby  procure  a  discharge 
from  the  Complainers,  and  withall  an  engagement  under  their  hands 
to  free  his  Brother  from  all  future  trouble,  which  accordingly  was 
effected,  and  the  sum  agreed  upon  viz  351.  presented  before  them, 
upon  the  sight  and  promise  whereof,  the  Complainers  engaged  to 
acquit  the  said  William  Brisco  from  all  future  troubles,  assuring  us 
that  they  would  not  molest  or  accuse  him  directly  or  indirectly,  by 
themselves  or  others,  for  any  injury  or  offence  done,  or  pretended  to 
have  been  done,  by  him,,  either  in  particular  against  them,  or  In 
general  against  the  State,  of  which  they  protested  they  were  able,  and 
would  accuse  him,  if  they  received  not  present  satisfaction.  They  on 
the  other  side  required  Bonds,  besides  the  present  payment  of  the 
money,  for  assurance  from  the  said  Edward  Brisco  Captain  Dowson 
and  myself  that  we  would  not  descover  this  their  Act  and  send  to 
any  other,  least  the  report  thereof  should  prejudice  their  proceedings 
against  the  rest  of  the  Gentlemen  of  whom  they  hoped  to  receive  like 
satisfaction  :  their  engagemeait  for  acquiting  Mr.  Brisco,  together  with 
the  mony,  which  then  lay  upon  the  Table  in  a  bag,  He  the  said  Mr. 
Edward  Brisco  immediately  pocketed  pretending  that  he  desired  to 
be  advised  by  some  Lawyers,  whether  this  Engagement  of  theirs  was 
full  and  satisfactory,  or  not ;  and  so  leaving  them  that  had  delivered 
their  Engagement,  and  not  received  their  mony,  he  went  home,  and 
that  night  shewed  the  paper  to  Major  Salloway,  a  Member  of  the 
House,  who  assured  him  that  he  would  acquaint  the  House  with  it. 
This  I  am  willing  to  depose  upon  Oath,  whenso  ever  I  shall  be  called 
thereunto. 

Jos.  Nicholson,  Minister  of  God's  Word  at  Thursby.  Mr.  Edward 
Brisco  is  now  in  the  City,  and  ready  to  make  Oath  of  what  i« 
expressed  in  this  Certificate." 

[Here  follows  Musgrave's  release  of  Brisco.] 


Aikton  629 

The  writer  of  the  pamphlet  goes  on :  — 

I  ahaJl  forbear  any  further  digging  in  his  own  dunghill ;  for  the 
truth  is,  I  loath  the  work,  and  it  shall  be  pure  necessity  that  shall 
re-compel  my  pains  of  this  nature,  if  ever  I  attempt  it  the  second 
time  :  no  more  now  but  only  this  :  he  pretends  himself  the  grand 
Advocate  for  the  godly  Ministers  in  the  Northern  Coimties;  if  you 
may  judg  of  his  Clergy  Clients  by  one  or  two  of  them,  whose  cause 
he  solicited  very  lately  before  the  Committee  of  Plunder'd  Ministers, 
you  may  quickly  ghess  what  Ministers  they  are;  and  for  thy  satis- 
faction herein,  read  the  Orders  of  the  said  Committee  after  full 
hearing  of  both  of  their  Causes. 

"At  the  Committee,  for  Plundered  Ministers,  February  IJ/..  1650. 
Upon  the  complaint  of  Mr.  John  Musgrave  on  the  behalf  of  Mr. 
Morland,  ejected  out  of  the  Rectory  of  Qraystock  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  by  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig,  and  other  the  Commissioners  for 
propagating  the  Gospel  in  the  four  Northern  Counties,  the  said  Mr. 
Morland  appealing  against  the  Judgment  of  the  said  Commissioners, 
and  being  now  present  with  the  said  Mr.  John  Musgrave,  his 
Solicitor,  to  make  good  the  said  Appeal,  It  is  admitted  on  both  sides. 
That  the  Cause  of  the  said  Mr.  Morland  his  Ejectment  out  of  the 
said  Rectory,  was  for  insufficiency  for  the  Ministry ;  and  that  he 
appearing  upon  examination  before  the  said  Commissioners  (as  is  in 
behalf  of  the  said  Commissioners  affirmed)  to  be  grossly  ignorant  and 
therefore  unable  and  unfit  for  the  work  of  the  Ministry,  they  have 
adjudged  him  a  scandalous  Minister;  but  the  said  Mr.  Morland 
standing  upon  his  Justification,  submitteth  himself  to  a  re-examination 
before  this  Committee ;  and  being  now  re-examined  before  tliis 
Committee  in  presence  of  his  said  Solicitor  Mr.  John  Musgrave,  and 
all  parties  concerned,  it  appeareth  to  this  Committee  upon  the 
publique  Examination  of  the  said  Mr.  Morland,  that  he  is  notoriously 
ignorant  even  of  the  very  Fundamentals  of  Christian  Religion ;  and 
the  said  Mr.  Morland  having  nothing  more  to  say  for  himself,  nor 
his  said  Solicitor  Mr.  Musgrave,  on  his  behalf,  this  Committee  do 
upon  full  hearing  adjudg  that  the  said  Mr.  Morland  is  a  very 
Scandalous  Minister  in  regard  of  his  said  ignorance,  and  do  approve 
of  the  said  Commissioners  ejecting  him  out  of  the  said  Rectory  for 
the  same,  and  do  therefore  order,  That  the  Orders  of  the  said 
Commissioners  for  his  said  Ejectment  shall  stand,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  confirmed,  and  that  the  said  Appeal  be,  and  the  same  is, 
hereby   dismissed. 

Gilbert  Millington." 

"At  the  Committee  for  Plundered  Ministers  February 
U.   1650. 
Upon  the  complaint  of  Mr.   John  Musgrave  on  the  behalf  of  Mr. 


630  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Lam/pit  against  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig,  and  the  rest  of  the  Commissioners 
for  propagating  the  Gospel  in  the  four  Northern  Counties,  the  said 
Mr.  Lamint  appealing  against  the  judgment  of  the  said  Commissioners 
for  removing  him  out  of  the  Rectory  of  Aicton  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland,  and  being  now  present  with  the  said  Mr.  John  Musgrave 
his  Solicitor  to  make  good  the  said  Appeal;  It  appeareth  upon  full 
hearing  of  what  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  and  Mr.  Musgrave  could  say, 
that  Mr.  Lampit  was  not  ejected  out  of  the  said  Rectory  by  the 
said  Commissioners,  for  that  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  by  his  own 
shewing  and  confession  acknowledges  that  he  had  no  other  title  unto 
the  said  Church,  but  the  Election  and  entertainment  of  some  of  the 
said  Parish  thereunto,  they  having  no  Authority  at  all  to  present; 
and  that  the  said  Commissioners  taking  notice  of  the  vacancy  of  the 
said  place  (the  former  Incumbent  being  lately  dead)  did  according 
to  the  Authority  vested  in  them  by  the  Parliament,  settle  Mr.  Nichols, 
Minister  of  the  said  Church,  an  able  and  painful  Preacher,  who  is 
freely  received  and  entertained  by  the  said  Parish,  and  the  pretended 
choyce  of  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  by  them  the  said  Parishioners  wholly 
retracted.  Now  therefore  in  regard  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  claimeth 
only  by  Intrusion,  as  aforesaid,  without  any  right,  and  the  said 
Commissioners  having  found  it  so  before  them,  and  thereupon  other- 
wise disposed  of  the  'said  living  according  to  Law  :  The  said  Mr. 
Lampit  and  Mr.  Musgrave  having  nothing  more  to  say,  this  Committee 
finding  that  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  or  Mr.  Musgrave  had  not  the  least 
just  cause  of  complaint  against  the  said  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig  a<nd 
Commissioners  for  putting  the  said  Mr.  Lampit  out  of  the  said 
Rectory  of  Aicton,  do  approve  of  the  proceedings  of  the  said 
Commissioners,  and  confirm  the  Order  by  them  made  for  disposing 
the  said  Rectory,  and  do  dismiss  the  said  Appeal. 

Gilbert  Millington." 
IV.  A  Cry  of 

Bloud 

of   An 

Innocent  Abel 

Against  Two 

•Bloudy  Cains 

Being 

A  Discovery  of  Two  Cavalier  and 

Malignant   Brothers   Conspiracy 

against  another  Brother  of 

the  Parliament  Party 

And 

A   short   Relation  of  Justices 

of  the  Peace  in  Cumberland 

their  Illegal  Proceedings 


Aikton  631 

Against  the 

Parliaments    Friends 

with 

A  Complaint  of  some  Corruptions 

and  Delays  in  Law  and 

Chancery  Proceedings. 

London.     Printed  1654.' 

It  is  addressed  ''  To  the  Honourable  Major  General 
Lambert,  one  of  his  Highness  Councel."  There  is  in  it 
little  of  interest  for  our  purpose  until  we  come  to  the  notes 
about  the  various  justices  in  the  two  Counties.  The 
writer  says  : 

I  will  proceed  in  order  with  our  County  Justices  of  the  Peace  in 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland ; 

And  first  with  Cumberland,  whose  names  be,  Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson, 
Charles  Howard,  William  Briscoe,  John  Barwis,  Henry  Tolson, 
Thomas  Cholmley,  John  Hudson,  Thomas  Craister,  Tho  :  Langhorn, 
Arthur  Foster,  Lancelot  Fletcher,  Captain   Coulsey. 

Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson  did  take  the  treasonable  Oath  and  Engagement 
called  the  E.  of  Newcastles  Oath  was  a  Lieuten.  Colonel  in  Armes 
for  the  King  caused  one  Widdow  Blaithwait  to  be  carried  in  a  cart 
to  Carlisle  Goal,  and  there  imprisoned,  and  first  stript  to  her  smock, 
urging  to  Sir  Philip  ^lusgrave  that  she  came  from  the  Parliament,  as 
a  Spy.  Committed  to  prison  one  George  Foxe  to  close  Goal,  and  pro- 
cured an  Order  from  the  Judges  that  none  of  his  friends  should  visit 
him,  for  no  other  thing  then  being  a  Preacher,  without  ever  laying 
any  charge  against  the  McUi  to  this  day. 

After  an  Injunction  served  for  settling  possession.  Sir  Wilfrid 
Lawson  some  three  months  since  put  two  of  Sir  Patritius  Curwen's 
tenants  out  of  the  possession  of  their  houses  and  tenements,  and 
thereby  the  men  were  forced  to  submit  to  their  Landlords  will  and 
pleasure,  after  much  money  spent  in  settling  their  possession.  Sir 
Wilfride  Lawson  being  Sheriff  the  last  Summer  Assizes  at  Carlisle, 
refused  to  arrest  Christoph.  Eichmond  upon  a  Capias  ut  legat,  at  my 
mothers  suit  the  Warrant  being  delivered  to  him  in  Richmonds 
presence,  and  his  Fee  tendered  [&c]. 

Charles  Howard  a  notorious  delinquent,  though  at  Worcester  he 
engaged  against  the  enemy,  yet  his  brother  (supposed  not  without  his 
privity)  betraid  a  great  part  of  Mr.  Howards  Troop  to  the  Scots  King, 

1.  MS.  copy  in  the  Jackson  Librai'y,  Carlisle.  The  text  is  set  from 
this  copy,  but  it  has  been  collated  with  an  original  in  the  British 
Museum,  only  a  few  minor  differences  of  spelling  having  been  retained. 


632  The   Ejected    of  1662 

with  whom  his  brother  went  away,  and  before  Mr.  Howard  came  up 
to  the  last  Parliament,  Sir  Pat.  Curwen  and  most  of  his  projecting 
Cavaliers  was  at  his  House  all  night,  which  the  Well-affected  are 
jealous  was  upon  some  designe,  for  the  next  day  again  they  had 
another  great  meeting  at  Sir  Patric.  Curwen's  Castle,  under  colour  of 
a  hunting.  Mr.  Howard  used  barbarous  cruelty  upon  the  body  of  the 
WiYe  and  daughter  of  Thorn.  Milb[urn]  one  of  the  Witnesses  examined 
to  prove  his  delinquency  by  causing  a  Scottish  Witch  finder,  so 
tearmed  in  his  presence,  to  strip  the  women,  and  thrust  great  pins 
into  sundry  parts  of  their  naked  bodies,  to  the  amazement  of  the 
beholders,  the  women  being  of  good  repute,  and  never  any  charge 
brought  against  them. 

Since  the  last  Plot  against  the  Lord  Protector  was  discovered  Mr. 
Howard  hath  listed  one  Berriswith  to  be  one  of  the  Lord  Protectors 
Life-guard,  by  the  name  of  Hunt,  that  he  might  not  be  known  by 
the  name  of  Berriswith,  he  and  his  friends  being  so  much  declared 
enemies  to  the  Parliament  as  Captain  Thorp  a  man  of  credit,  both 
by  Word  and  writing  doth  testifie ;  for  other  things  I  refer  you  to 
my  Letter  to  the  speaker  of  the  last  Parliament,  my  petition,  Articles, 
and  the  proof  of  his  Delinquency  following;  only  I  desire  notice  may 
be  taken  of  what  manner  of  men  he  puts  in  Commission  of  peace 
with  us. 

[Here   follow  his  Letter,  Petition  and  Charges.] 

William  Briscoe  was  a  Committee  man  for  the  enemy,  advised  the 
other  justices  being  most  of  them  Commissioners  for  Array  to  commit 
Captain  Crakanthorp  and  me  for  not  taking  the  Oath  of  Supremacy 
and  advised  the  other  Justices  to  disobey  our  Habeas  Corpus. 
When  the  Justices  in  open  Sessions  would  have  released  one  Nicholson, 
committed  by  Col.  Fletcher,  for  refusing  to  take  up  Arms  for  the 
King  against  the  Parliament,  Mr.  Briscoe  advised  the  Court  not  to 
do  it  without  Collonel  Fletchers  directions.  Whereupon  the  poor 
man  was  held  in  prison,  till  the  Siege  of  Carlisle  was  over.  He  is  a 
great  enemy  to  Sectaries,  so  called,  and  in  his  charge  in  Sessions 
called  them  worse  than  Papists,  requiring  the  Jury  to  present  them, 
and  they  would  punish  them. 

That  Complaint  being  made  to  Mr.  Briscoe  against  Edward  Robin- 
son a  notorious  Delinquent  and  one  who  articled  against  William 
Musgrave  for  delivering  Hartlepool  to  the  Pari.  For  forging  a  false 
verdict  against  one  Wil.  Bourbank,  and  for  levying  monies  upon  that 
verdict  and  other  forgeries,  Mr.  Brisco  would  not  pimish  nor  displace 
Robinson  for  it,  but  keeps  him  stil  to  be  Clark  of  the  honour  of 
Penrith  and  Inglewood  Forrest  Courts,  Master  Briscoe  being  tearmed 
Steward  of  the  same  Honours  and   Courts. 

Complaints  being  made  to  Mr.  Brisco  for  redress  of  a  wrongful 
Amerciament  set  upon  Thomas  Cason  a  tradesman,  for  selling  goods  in 


Aikton  633 

Penrith  being  no  Corporation,  and  of  the  said  Robinson  for  taking 
Casons  Cloath  of  good  vahie  from  him,  would  neither  give  order  to 
redress  the  Amerciament,  or  Robinson  to  restore  Casons  Cloth, 
tending  to  the  destroying  of  Casons  trade  and  credit. 

John  Barwes  to  him  I  have  little  to  say,  then  what  is  said  already, 
onely  he  is  known  to  be  no  friend  to  fhem  they  call  Sectaries,  and 
would  destroy  us. 

Henry  Tolson,  he  hath  ever  been  a  Neutral,  but  known  a  Cavalier 
hath  his  heart,  and  is  no  friend  to  the  Parliament  or  Armies  Friends. 

Thomas  Cholmley  did  take  the  Earl  of  Newcastle's  Oath  sent  out 
Horse  and  Armes  against  the  Parliament,  and  was  in  Armes  himself 
for  the  late  King  for  his  delinquency  and  Malignancy  deserted  the 
former  Parliament  being  a  Member  thereof.  At  the  Lord  Protector's 
first  going  into  Scotland  openly  declared,  it  was  against  his  conscience 
to  fight  against  the  Scots,  and  Committed  sundry  to  prison  under  the 
name  of  Sectaries  and  preachers. 

Thom.  Craister  a  Commissioner  for  Sequestrations,  got  most  of  his 
estate  by  that  imployment  and  being  a  Captain  in  Carlisle  Garison, 
declared  it  was  against  his  Conscience  to  fight  against  the  Scots,  and 
laid  down  his  Commission,  raised  near  ten  thousands  pound  of 
Delinquents  by  way  of  Fines,  for  which  he  never  yet  accounted  for 
and  without  authority  of  Parliament  or  the  Lord  General,  Continues 
still  a  professed  Enemy  to  all  such  as  are  called  Sectaries  or 
Independents,  and  imprisoned  sundry  of  them  for  their  judgement. 

Thomas  Langhorn  did  take  and  Subscribe  the  Earl  of  Newcastle's 
Oath,  a  great  Countenancer  of  Malignant  Ministers,  as  Master 
Baldine  of  Penrith,  who  refused  to  pray  for  Parliament  and  Army 
while  the  Scots  had  an  Army  on  foot ;  A  petty  shopkeeper  very  unfit 
for  a  Justice  of  Peace. 

John  Hudson,  against  whom  I  have  nothing  to  object,  if  others 
have  they  may,  but  as  he  tells  me  he  will  rather  undergo  a  fine  then 
take  the  Oath  with  others  in  Commission  whom  he  cannot  approve  of. 

Lancelot  Fletcher  is  a  stranger  to  me,  I  never  knew  or  heard  he 
was  any  wayes  active  or  appeared  for  the  Parliament,  but  by  his 
Cavalier  friends  lived  peaceably  at  home  when  the  Enemy  was  in 
power. 

Captain  Coulsey,  what  manner  of  man  he  is,  I  refer  to  the  Articles 
against  Howard. 

Arthur  Foster  a  Delinquent  and  in  Armes  both  in  the  first  and 
second  War  against  the  Parliament,  arraigned  for  murther,  and  sued 
out  his  parson  by  means  of  Sir  Richard  Graham  to  whose  family  he 
is  a  retainer. 

For  the  Westmerland  Justices  I  shall  be  brief,  being  not  my 
business,  and  should  have  been  wholly  silent,  if  the  honest  and 
suffering  party  there  had  not  been  concerned  therein. 

Edward   Briggs,   noted   for  his   Malignancy  to  the   Armies  friends 


634  The   Ejected   of  1662 


and  for  his  life  and  Conversation  I  shall  forbear  to  speak,  but  very 
many  ways  unfit  for  that  imployment,  and  ignorant  of  the  Laws  and 
Statutes  of  this  Nation. 

Roger  Bateman  was  so  disaffected  to  the  change  of  Government 
from  Kingly  to  Pari,  as  for  a  long  time  he  refused  to  be  sworn  a 
Justice,  very  passionate,  and  Strafford  never  more  cruelly  persecuted 
the  Puritans  than  he  the   Sectaries. 

Thomas  Burton,  a  notorious  Delinquent,  was  a  Trooper  under  Sir 
Thomas  Tildesley,  expressing  his  Malignancy  by  drinking  the  King's 
health ;  the  gross  Misdemeanors  in  executing  of  his  office  while  he 
was  Justice  of  the  Peace,  the  many  quarrelsome  and  troublesome 
suits  his  oppressions,  and  unwarrantable  illegal  commitments,  his 
daily  frequenting  ranting  Cavaliers  company  are  all  proved  before  the 
Commissioners  for  Compounding,  and  much  more,  for  which  he  was 
fined  Fifty  pounds  and  disabled  to  be  a  Justice  of  Peace.  And 
whereas  it  is  said  that  his  father  was  plundered  by  Sir  Philip 
Musgrave,  it  is  known  that  his  father  was  under  Sir  Philip 
Musgrave's  protection  and  voluntary  without  Compulsion  lent  large 
suras  of  money  to  Sir  Philip  to  carry  on  the  War ;  and  if  there  was 
a  more  scandalous  and  malignant  Priest  in  that  Country  let  me 
receive  blame  and  shame. 

Francis  Sisson,  a  man  of  a  quiet  spirit,  but  Prelatical  and  no 
friend  to  the  Armies  Interest. 

Robert  Skaife,  a  m.an  no  ways  qualified  for  a  Justice  of  Peace. 

Sir  John  Lowther,  a  compounded  Delinquent,  a  man  of  able  parts, 
but  known  to  be  of  a  Kingly  Spirit,  and  his  son  was  in  the  last 
war  conceived  not  without  his  fathers  privity  :  a  Gentleman  he  is 
of  great  Estate,  nearly  related  to  me  in  Kindred ;  but  it  stimibles  all 
friends  that  he  shall  now  be  thought  fit  to  be  a  Justice  of  Peace  in 
his  countrey,  where  he  is  so  powerful  and  known  (though  his  Wisdome 
in  this  time  teacheth  him  moderation)  to  wait  for  a  change.  I  am 
afraid  some  of  our  Worthies  are  carried  away  with  their  Dalilahs 
but  let  them  be  ware  they  receive  not  Sampsons  portion  I  could  say 
more,  but  will  forbear  for  the  present :  Onely  I  could  wish  it  were 
eaiquired  into,  How  John  Thwaits,  who  hath  Knowledge  to  discharge 
his  duty,  not  in  a  condition  with  power  to  oppress  his  countrey ;  and 
Gervase  Benson,  who  hath  been  thought  fit  to  be  trusted  with  such 
high  Commands,  and  great  employments.  While  there  was  trouble 
and  danger,  without  any  complaint  should  now  be  laid  aside.  You 
that  sit  at  the  Helm  will  have  the  loss,  and  thereby  may  unawares- 
tacitely  set  up  again  Charles  Stuarts  Interest. 

[It  is  signed  :] 

A  true  Servant  and  Wei  wisher  to  his  Countrey 

6.  3.  Mon.  1653.  John   Musgrave. 

Pulchrum  est   pro   Patria  mori. 


Aikton  635 

Musgrave  refers  to  Riclimond's  "  barbarous  usage  of  one 
Halton  the  Minister  of  Kurby  thure,^  because  a  Round- 
head ;  and  bow  be  caried  tbe  man  to  York  by  vertue  of  bis 
Commission  of  Array,  and  bow  tbe  poor  man  was  brougbt 
by  bim  to  bis  grave,  will  require  a  more  large  discourse." 

Sbortly  after  bis  deprivation  William  Lampit  obtained 
tbe  living  of  Ulverston  wliere  tbe  Uniformity  Act  led 
to  bis  Ejection.  Botb  Calamy  and  Palmer  refer 
to  bim  as  "Mr.  Lamvet,"  and  Calamy  says: — "Anotber 
warm  and  lively  Preacber  in  tbe  Same  Quarter,  beyond 
tbe  Sands.  He  liv'd  obscurely:  and  dy'd  Ann.  1677."  ^ 
George  Fox,  wbo  so  frequently  made  bis  bome  at  Swartb- 
moor  in  tbe  neigbbourbood  of  Ulverston,  saw  mucb  of 
William  Lampit,  and  be  appears  to  bave  been  particularly 
incensed  against  bim.  He  speaks  of  bim  as  "  full  of 
filtb,"  a  bigb  "  notionist "  witb  a  "  crooked  and  rougb 
nature,"  "an  old  deceiver,"  "  a  false  propbet" ;  and  mucb 
else  to  tbe  same  effect.  Fox's  language  about  William 
Lampit  is  not  to  be  taken  seriously.  Tbe  trutb  is  tbat 
Lampit  was  mucb  like  bis  Quaker  antagonist,  a  man  of 
strong  conviction,  resolute  purpose  and  extreme  view. 
In  tbe  Presentations  for  1669  under  Colton  be  appears 
along  witb  Gabriel  Camelford  wbo  bad  been  ejected  from 
Staveley.  Tbe  cbarge  against  bim  is  tbat  of  "expounding 
or  preacbing  in  our  Cbappell  being  not  Lysenced  Minis- 
ter." Under  Ulverston  is  tbe  following  : — "  Wm  Lampitt 
and  bis  wife — Sectaries."  In  1672  be  licensed  bis  bouse 
at  Ulverston  for  "  Congregational "  worsbip.  In  tbe 
Ulverston  Registers  tbere  is  only  one  Lampit  entry :  it  is 
tbe  marriage  probably  of  a  daughter,  Mary,  to  William 
Dansonne  "botb  of  Ullverstone  "  on  Feb.  18,  1655.     In 

tbe  Rydal  MSS.  J.K.  to under  date  June  1,  1672, 

appears  tbe  following  :  — 

They  say  Lampitt  preacht  last  Sunday  att  Broughton  Tower,  and 

1.  This  surely  must  be  Halton  of  Aikton,  and  "  Kurby  thure "  must 
be  a  mistake. 

2.  Calamy,   vol.   ii,   p.   413. 


636  The   Ejected   of  1662 

proclaimed  there   amongst  his  proselytes  the  great  loss  of  men  wee 
had,  and  the  great  press  att  London  for  more  men.' 

William  Lampit's  death  took  place  about  1677.  George 
Fox  abated  nothing  of  his  feeling  in  reference  to  the  man 
who  proved  to  be  so  stout  an  opponent;  but  even  at  his 
death  he  heaped  abuse  upon  him,  calling  him  "  an  old 
deceiver"  and  "  perverter  of  the  right  way  of  the  Lord." 
"  He  continued,"  says  he,  "  in  his  false  accusing  of  God's 
people  till  a  little  before  he  died  and  then  cried  for  a 
little  rest.  To  one  of  his  hearers,  that  came  to  visit  him 
before  he  died,  he  said — '  I  have  been  a  preacher  a  long 
time  and  thought  I  had  lived  well ;  but  I  did  not  think  it 
had  been  so  hard  a  thing  to  die."  ^ 

EoLAND  NicoLs,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1650— 1694  (?). 

He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Nicols  of  London,  and  was 
educated  at  St.  Paul's  School,  where  he  obtained  an 
exhibition  to  Queen's  College,  (Oxford,  which  he  entered 
as  bateller  in  the  Easter  term  of  1630.  He  matriculated 
Nov.  4, 1631,  aged  17;  was  exhibitioner  1629-39 ;  B. A.  Jan. 
23,  1633-4;  M.A.  Nov.  10,  1636;  Chaplain  of  Magd.  Coll. 
1641-7;  and  took  his  B.D.  June  17,  1646.^  In  the  various 
Presentations  to  livings  in  this  neighbourhood  during  the 
Commonwealth  period  his  name  appears  along  with  those 
of  Tullie,  Starr,  Baldwin  and  others;  but  at  the  Restora- 
tion he  conformed  and  received  reinstitution  Nov.  19, 
1660.  He  became  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese  in  1667  and 
held  the  position  until  1683.  His  wife  was  Mary,  the 
daughter  of  Thomas  Warwick,  of  Warwick,  near  Carlisle.* 

For  some  reason  Nicolson  appears  to  have  had  a  strong 
antipathy  to  him.  His  Diaries  contain  several  references 
to  him  and  seldom  are  they  friendly.  On  the  occasion  of 
Judge  Jeffreys's  visit  to  Carlisle,  Aug.  7,  1684,  when  he 

1.  H.M.C.,  Twelfth  Report,  Part  vii,  Appen.  p.  94.  Broughton  Tower 
was  the  residence  of  Roger  Sawrey,  a  prominent  Nonconformi.'st,  and  the 
reference  is  to  the  loss  sustained  in  the  naval  fight  with  the  Dutch. 

2.  Journal  (1765  Edition),  p.  495,  et  paxsivi- 

3.  Foster's  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Hutchinson,  vol.  i,  p.  154. 


Aikton  637 

was  received  with  15  guns  Xicolson  says  that  the  sermon 
was  preached  by  "  Mr.  Xicols  "  and  his  description  of  it 
is — "length  and  stuff  intolerable."^  Xicols  was  for  some 
time  Lecturer  at  Carlisle, ^  and  like  most  of  the  Ministers 
of  that  day  found  himself  more  than  once  in  conflict  with 
the  Quakers.^     He  died  in  1694. 

EicHAED  Threlkeld,  B.A.,  1694 — 1707. 

He  matriculated  Queen's  Coll.  April  1,  1664,  and 
graduated  B.A.  in  1668.  "Perhaps,"  says  Foster,  "rector 
of  Lowther,  *  Westmorland,  1676,  and  of  Aikton,  Cumber- 
land, 1695."  He  was  instituted  Feb.  14,  1694-5,  on  a 
Presentation  by  "  Johes  Lowther  Barrtt" ;  and  the  sug- 
gestion of  a  Lowther  ministry  is  correct.''  Bishop  ]N^icolson, 
who  calls  him  "  ye  Lazy  Parson,"  writing  in  1703,  says 
that  "the  present  Rector  Mr.  Threlkeld"  had  done  nothing 
in  the  way  of  repairing  "  the  Quire" ;  also  that  the  "Rec- 
tor's Seat  in  the  Quire  is  very  mean ;  much  below  the 
Rank  of  one  who  holds  the  Second  Liveing  of  the  Diocese 
in  Value."  ^     He  died  in  1707. 

Richard  Holme,  M.A.,  1707 — 1789. 

He  was  instituted  April  7,  1707,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  "  Comes  Lonsdale."     He  died  in  1739. 

1.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  i,  p.  16. 

2.  Vide  p.  184. 

3.  Vide  Besse's  "Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,"  vol.  i,  p.  133;  and  in 
particular  "The  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth"  for  an  encounter  with 
Robt.  Withers  in  1653,  p.  35. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 

5.  Vide  p.  1237. 

6.  Miscel.,  pp.  22,  160.  In  Nicolson's  Diaries  also  are  several  refer- 
ences to  him  equally  unfavourable  (Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iii. 


YI.     BEOMFIELD. 

This  is  a  very  extensive  Parish,  the  village  lying  some 
six  miles  west  of  Wigton  and  about  three  south  of  Ahbey 
Town  or  Holm  Cultram.  The  Registers  of  the  Church, 
which  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mungo,  begin  in  1654,  the  first 
entry  being  under  date  Sept.  24  of  that  year.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Nicholas  Deane,  M.A.,  1589—1602. 

He  matriculated  as  a  pensioner  of  Peterhouse,  Cam- 
bridge, Feb.  15,  1579-80,  took  his  B.A.  1583-4,  and  M.A. 
in  1587.  His  name  occurs  in  a  commission  for  the 
suppression  of  schism  in  the  province  of  York,  Nov.  24, 
1599.^  He  was  appointed  to  Kirkbride  in  1587,  but 
whether  he  continued  to  hold  it  after  receiving  the  living 
of  Bromfield  on  Aug.  28,  1589,  is  not  stated.  He  resigned 
Bromfield  in  1602  on  being  appointed  Archdeacon  of 
Carlisle  and  Hector  of  Great  Salkeld.^  He  died  early  in 
1604. 

Peter  Beck,  M.A.,  1602— 1648  (?). 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Robinson  on  June  18,  1602; 
and  was  here  at  least  until  1644,  in  which  year  he  con- 
tributed to  the  Carlisle  garrison.  Probably  he  is  the 
person  referred  to  as  dying  in  1648,  and  thus  creating  a 
vacancy  in  the  living.    He  was  previously  at  Crosthwaite.^ 

William  Grainger,  B.A.,  1648- 


He  was  a  native  of  these  parts,  being  the  son  of  Francis 
Grainger  of  Sowterfield.  He  matriculated  in  Queen's 
Coll.  Oct.  10,  1634,  aged  17,  and  took  his  B.A.  Nov.  29, 
1637.  Foster  adds  the  following  to  the  foregoing:  — 
"  Vicar  of  Bromfield,  Westmorland  [Cumberland]   until 

1.  Ath.  Cant.,  vol.  ii,  p.  368 

2.  Vide  pp.  359,  596,  1123 

3.  Vide  p.  648. 


Bromfield  639 

ejected,  1662,  for  nonconformity."  ^  His  application  for 
a  testimonial  as  to  his  fitness  and  character  for  the  sacred 
office  of  the  ministry  brought  forth  the  following  :  — 

To  the  right  Honorble  the  Lords  in  Parliamt  assembled 

The  humble  certificate  of  the  Comittee  of  the  Countie  of  Cumberland 

Humbly  Sheweth. 

That  whereas  the  bearer  heareof  Mr.  William  Granger  hath 
addressed  himselfe  to  us  desireing  of  a  Testimoniell  of  his  Guifts  and 
abilities  and  also  of  his  carriage  and  Conversacooi,  wee  whose  names 
are  underwritten,  thinking  it  fitt  to  satisfie  his  reasonable  request 
hearin  doe  humbly  certifie  unto  yor  honnrs  and  all  others  whom  it 
may  Concerne  That  he  the  said  Mr.  Granger  is  of  knowne  abilities 
and  sufficiencie,  of  good  deportment  and  Conversacon,  that  he  is  and 
hath  beene  Orthodox  in  his  doctrine,  exemplarie  in  his  life,  painefuU 
and  industrious  in  his  Ministerie,  since  his  residence  heare  amongst  us 
where  he  was  borne,  and  in  all  thinges  well  qualified  as  is  agreeable 
to  that  divine  function.  All  wch  is  referred  to  yor  Honnors 

by  yor  Humble  Servants 
Octob.  27th 

1648.  Jo  Barwis  vie'  Cumbr 

Henry  Tolson,  Thos  Lan^iplugh 
Mich  Studholme. 
Wilfrid  Lawson.^ 

His  appointment  to  Bromfield  is  notified  thus  :  — 

Nov.  25,  1648.  Ordered  That  Dr.  Bennett  give  Institution  and 
Induction  unto  Wm.  Granger,  Clerk,  to  the  vicarage  of  Bromfield  in 
the  Com.  Cumberl.  void  by  death.  Salvo  jure  cujuscunque,  Henry 
Thompson  Patron.' 

William  Lampit's  description  of  William"  Grainger,  in 
1650,  is  not  flattering.  "  Mr.  Grainger,"  says  he,  "  minister 
at  Brumfield  who  is  often  drunk,  an  apparent  Malignant, 
A  Cavalerish  Priest  even  to  this  day."  *  It  may,  however, 
be  necessary  to  discount  somewhat  these  statements. 
Nicolson  and  Burn,  after  Peter  Beck's  appointment  in 
1602,  proceed  to  say :  — 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  House  of  Lords'  Library;  also  H.M.C.,  Seventh  Eeport,  Part  i, 
p.  65. 

3.  L.J.,  vol.  X,  p.  607. 

4.  Vide  p.  624. 


640  The   Ejected   of  1662 

During  the  usurpation  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  William  Gramger,  vicar 
of  Bromfield,  was  ejected,  and  his  successor  seems  to  iave  been 
deprived   aft«r  the  Restoration  by  the  Bartholomew  Act.' 

Probably  this  is  based  upon  "Walker's  statement:  — 

Grainger  William,  Bromphield.  His  Family,  I  find,  were  at  length 
reduced  to  great  Necessities,  and  some  of  them  Petitioned  for  the 
Charity  of  the  Corporation  for  Ministers'  Widows,  which  is  all  that 
I  know  more  of  him.* 

The  case  of  William  Grainger  is  far  from  being  clear. 
Calamy  does  not  name  him  in  his  list  of  Ejected  Ministers, 
and  Palmer  merely  quotes  the  passage  from  Nicolson  and 
Burn  already  cited.  Poster  has  evidently  blundered  in 
stating  that  William  Grainger  was  ejected  in  1662, 
quoting  Calamy  as  his  authority.  Doubtless  he  means 
Palmer's  Edition  of  Calamy;  and  even  there  the  evidence 
is  not  favourable  to  an  Ejection  by  the  Uniformity  Act. 
Yet  it  has  to  be  remembered  that  William  Grainger  was 
a  Commonwealth  appointment;  and  the  Parish  Registers 
give  no  indication  of  any  Minister  between  himself  and 
Richard  Garth,  who  took  the  vacant  living  in  1663.  The 
Grainger  entries  are  numerous,  and  one  seems  to  point  to 
the  presence  of  William  Grainger  at  Bromfield  as  late  as 
the  early  part  of  1663.     It  reads  thus:  — 

1662-3  ffeb.  24.  Robert  of  Mr.  William  Grainger  of  Bromfield 
[Bapt.]. 

There  is  no  further  reference  to  him  in  the  Registers,  and 
it  is  not  certain  that  he  is  intended  in  the  one  just  cited. 
Certainly  there  is  not  sufficient  evidence  to  say  definitely 
whether  he  is  to  be  placed  among  the  Sequestered  Ministers 
of  the  Commonwealth  or  theEjectedof  theUnifonnity  Act. 
It  would,  however,  appear  that  there  was  some  displacement 
at  this  time,  and  that  either  he,  or  some  other  whose  name 
has  not  been  preserved,  must  be  put  into  the  latter  list. 
The  Graingers  continued  to  be  prominent  among  the 
parishioners  of  Bromfield.  The  Episcopal  Register  at 
Carlisle,  under  date  July  6, 1682,  gives  the  name  of  Thomas 

1.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.  ii,  p.  170. 

2.  Walker,  Pt.  ii,  p.  249. 


Bromf  ield  64 1 

Grainger  of  Bromfield,  and  refers  to  him  as  joining  the 
Minister  there,  who  would  be  John  Child,  in  petitioning 
"for  the  erection  of  a  pew  for  Roger  Briscoe  &  family  near 
the  pulpit." 

Richard  Gakth,  M.A.,  1663 — 1673. 

He  was  appointed  to  Dalston  in  1661 ;  ^  and  received 
Institution  to  Bromfield  May  8,  1663,  on  a  Presentation 
by  the  King.  In  this  year  he  compounded  for  his  First 
Fruits.     His  burial  is  thus  recorded  in  the  Registers:  — 

1673  May  7.     Mr.  Kichard  Garth  minister  of  Bromfield. 

Within  the  Communion  on  a  stone  slab  is  the  following 
epitaph :  — 

Bromfield's    pastor's   here    intombed, 

Richard  Garth  so  was  he  nam'd. 

God's  word  to's  flock  he  did  declare 

Twice  a  day,  and  would  not  spare. 

T'  instruct  the   youth,   help  the   needy, 

Visit  the  sick,  alwayes  ready. 

To  end  Debate  amongst  his  Neighbours, 

Now  he  rests   from  all  his  Labours. 

Rebellious  Spirits  he  alwayes  did  hate, 

Obedient  to  the  Church,  true  to  the   State. 

Now  it'h  Heaven's  Quire  he  sings 

Ain  Anthem  to  the  King  of  Kings.     1673. 

William  Sill,  M.A.,  1673—1681. 

His  collation  to  Bromfield  was  on  Oct.  21,  1673,  and  he 
would  seem  to  have  held  Torpenhow  as  well.^  He  com- 
pounded for  his  First  Fruits  in  1673,  and  resigned  in 
1681.  •     • 

John  Child,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1681—1692. 

He  was  collated  May  18,  1681,  and  was  a  Pluralist, 
holding  the  Penrith  living  at  the  same  time.  Near  the 
Garth  monument  is  a  brass  containing  the  following 
epitaph,  which  was  found  in  John  Child's  pocket  after  his 
death ;  and  is  supposed  to  have  been  composed  by  himself. 
The   reference   to   the   "  Papistas "   and    "  Sectarios "    is 

1.  Vide  p.  246. 

2.  Vide  pp.  355,  582. 

A  P 


642  The   Ejected   of  1662 

significant :  for  both  at  Penrith  and  Bromfield  the  Secta- 
ries appear  to  have  been  of  considerable  strength :  — 

Depositum  Johannis   Child  Vic. 
__  hujus  Ecclesiae  S.T.B.  Cultus  pri- 

mitivi  (contra  Papistas  et  Sectarios) 
Assertoris  Seduli;    qui  neglectus  vixit 
•     ac  laetus  obijt  in  TrXrjpocfiopia  beatae 
Resurrectionis.     Tu  vero  Viator  mor 
-tem  meditari,  et  ultimum  judicium 
expectare,  cures. 

John  Procter,  M.A.,  1692. 

He  was  collated  June  13,  1692.  Writing  in  1703, 
Bishop  Nicolson  refers  to  him  as  "  the  present  worthy 
vicar."  ^     A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Harrington.^ 

Joseph  Eothery,  M.A.,  1714 — 1718. 

He  was  the  son  of  Edward  Rothery,  Bankend,  Cumber- 
land; graduated  M.A.  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  in  1714; 
and  was  Bishop  Nicolson's  nephew.  He  was  collated  to 
Bromfield  March  24,  1714-5,  and  resigned  March  22, 
1717-18,  following  his  uncle  to  Ireland.^ 

1.  Miscel.,    p.    28. 

2.  Vide  p.  797. 

3.  Al.  Ox.     Also  Nicolson's  Diaries. 


VII.     ASPATEIA. 

This  is  an  important  town  aboiit  midway  between  Wigton 
and  Maryport,  wliicli  in  older  documents  appears  as  "Aspa- 
trick"  and  "  Cospatrick."  Tlie  Churcli  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Kentigern,  and  the  Registers  begin  in  1660.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Lancelot  Dawson,  1578 — 1610. 
He  died  in  1610. 

William  Orbell,  M.A.,  1610—1617. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Dec.  23,  1608,  Priest  Sept., 
1610,  and  collated  Aug.  8,  1610.  He  removed  to  Bowness 
in  1617.1 

Matthew  Braddell,  1617 — 1639. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Snowden  Feb.  16,  1617,  and 
died  in  1639.  A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Crosby 
Eavensworth  in  1617.^ 

Thomas  Warwick,  1639. 

Probably  previously  at  Beaumont.^  He  was  collated 
by  Bishop  Potter  Feb.  19,  1639,  and  compounded  for  his 
First  Fruits  in  1640.  The  reader  is  referred  to  the 
accounts  of  Brampton,  Bowness,  &c.,  for  additional  infor- 
tion  about  the  Warwick  family.*  How  long  Thomas 
Warwick  remained  here  we  do  not  know.  The  next 
appointment  given  by  Nicolson  and  Bum  was  in  1661.^ 

That  Thomas  Warwick  was  here,  however,  in  1648  is 
made  clear  by  the  following :  — 
Aspatrick.  Martij    1,    1647. 

Whereas  this  Cotee  have  the  17th  of  March  Xo46  grted  30li  a  years 

1.  Vide  p.  601. 

2.  Vide  p.  1197. 

3.  Vide  p.  220. 

4.  Vide  pp.  250,  &c. 

5.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.  157. 


644  T^^   Ejected   of  1662 

out  of  the  Rents  &  Profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of  Aspatrick 
in  the  Countie  of  Cumberland  reserved  &  payable  to  the  Bpp  of 
Carlile  to  &  for  increase  of  the  maintenance  of  such  Minister  as  this 
Cotee  should  approve  off  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  Pish  Church 
of  Aspatrick  aforesaid  the  Vicarage  whereof  is  not  worth  25li  p  Anno 
It  is  ordered  that  the  sd  30li  a  years  be  paid  to  Thomas  Warwick  a 
godlie  &  orthodox  devine  the  pnte  minister  of  the  sd  Church  for  an 
increase  of  his  maintennce  And  the  Tennts  of  the  pmisses  are  required 
to  paie  the  same  unto  him  accordinglie  at  such  tymes  &  seasons  of 
the  yeare  as  the  sd  Rents  &  Profitts  shall  grow  due  &  payable 
togeather  wth  the  arreares  thereof  payable  from  the  sd  8th  dale  of 
March    1646.' 

In  1658  the  Chancel  was  in  sore  need  of  repair  as  the 
following  intimates :  — 
Aspatricke  ffebruary   10,   1658. 

These  Trustees  being  informed  that  the  Chauncell  of  the  pish 
Church  of  Aspatricke  wthin  the  County  of  Cumberland  is  in  much 
decay  &  it  being  prayed  on  behalfe  of  ye  pshionrs  there  yt  some 
speedy  remedy  therein  might  bee  afforded  by  these  Trustees  to  whom 
it  belongeth  to  cause  the  same  to  bee  repaired  as  is  alleadged  Ordered 
yt  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwate  Recr.  view  ye  sd  Chauncell  and  inquire 
what  sume  the  repairs  thereof  will  amount  unto  &  thereof  verify  the 
sd  Trustees  by  the  three  and  Twentieth  day  of  March  next." 

Members  of  the  Warwick  family  appear  to  have  remained 
about  for  years,  and  Warwick  Hall  is  close  by,  though  in 
the  neighbouring  Parish  of  Plumbland.  The  following 
are  from  the  Registers  :  — 

1664  Sepult.  Nov.  6  Isabella  Warwick  de  Aspatrick  vidua. 

1665  May  31.  Matrim.  iunct.  Johnes  Warwick  et  Isabella 
Osmotherly. 

1667  Sep.  11.  Sepult.  Isabella  Warwick  de  Aspatrick. 

Francis  Palmer,  M.A.,  1661—1686. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Sterne  Oct.  9,  1661,  and  had 
previously  been  at  Castle  Sowerby.  ^  In  that  year  he 
compounded  for  his  First  Fruits ;  and  in  1666  a  person  of 
this  name  compounded  similarly  for  Wikehamon  in 
Northants.     What  happened  to  Francis  Palmer  after  he 

1.  Bodl.   MS.,  325. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   980. 

3.  Vide  p.  493. 


Aspatria  645 

left  Castle  Sowerby?  Did  he  displace  any  one  at 
Aspatria?  These  are  questions  to  which  no  answer  has 
been  found.  The  marriage  of  Francis  Palmer  with 
Elizabeth  Mitchell  on  Sept.  3,  1678,  is  recorded  in  the 
Registers;  but  if  this  was  the  Yicar  it  was  a  late  marriage. 
The  Cockermouth  Church  Book  under  date  Jan.  26, 
1671-2,  referring  to  Gawin  Eaglesfield's  miscarriage  says 
that  it  was  "  committed  at  Gilcrux  in  ye  psence  of  one 
Mr.  Dykes,  a  gentleman,  and  one  Palmer  a  pfane  Minister, 
&  one  Brownrigg,  all  Scoffing  enemies  to  the  wayes  of 
God."  Possibly  this  may  have  been  the  Aspatria  Ticar. 
On  the  other  hand  a  high  character  is  given  to  him  by 
the  Croglin  people  who  petitioned  for  him  to  be  their 
Minister.^  The  Registers  also  contain  the  following 
striking  eulogy,  by  whom  composed  does  not  appear  :  — 

1686  : 

Hoc   Anno  occubuit  vere 
plus  &   admodum  Doctus 

Ecclesiae   &   Coronae  Anglicanae 
religiose  firmus  et  constans 
Vigilantissimus  :   ille  Pastor 
Aspatriensis   Vicarius 
Ffranciscus   Palmer   A.M. 
Esse,  fuisse  fore  tria  florida 
sunt  sine  flore.     Omne 
simul   perijt   quod   ftiit 
est   &   erit.     Quod  fuit 
est  &  erit  perijt  spatio 
brevis   horae   Ergo   parum 
refert  esse  fuisse  fore. 

Richard  Holme,  M.A.,  1686—1695. 

He   was   ordained  Deacon    March    7,   1676-7,    collated 
Sept.  4,  1686,  and  removed  to  Lowther  in  1695. ^ 

George  Fleming,  M.A.,  1695—1703. 

He  was  collated  on  March  26,  1695,    and  removed  to 
Stanwix,  subsequently  becoming  Bishop  of  Carlisle.^ 

1.  Vide  p.  407. 

2.  Vide  p.  1238. 

3.  Vide  pp.  198,  382,  &c. 


646  The   Ejected    of  1662 

Robert  Hume,  M.A.,  1703—1706. 

He  was  collated  Oct.  16,  1703,  having  been  previously 
at  Lazonby.  ^  He  died  in  1706.  Bishop  Nicolson  sug- 
gests that  Robert  Hume  had  a  considerable  family,  while 
his  two  predecessors.  Holme  and  Fleming,  in  1703,  were 
still  "  unmarry'd  persons."  ^  In  his  Diary  under  date 
Aug.  7, 1704,  IS^icolson  says  that  Hume  could  "get  no  Right 
of  his  new  parishioners  at  Aspatrick."  ^ 

David  Bell,  M.A.,  1706—1729. 

He  was  collated  Dec.  7,  1706.  He  held  livings  at 
Kirklinton  and  Askham  ;4  and  was  brother  in  law  to 
Robert  Hume.  Nicolson  says  that  he  wanted  to  hold 
Kirklinton  along  with  Aspatria ;  but  he  enters  in  his 
Diary — Aug.  20,  1706 — "  I^oe."  ^  He,  however,  added 
Great  Orton  to  Aspatria  in  1710,  and  died  possessed  of 
both  livings.  The  Great  Orton  Registers  give '  the 
following  :  — 

The  Reverend  Mr.  Bell  Rector  of  Orton  and  Vicar  of  Aspatria  was 
buried  January  ye  12th  1729. 

1.  Vide  p.  326. 

2.  Miscel.,    p.    102. 

3.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  ii,  p.  202. 

4.  Vide  pp.  233,  313,  1221. 

5.  Trans.   (N.S.),  vol.  iii,  p.  53. 


VII.    THE   KESWICK  GROUP. 

I.     CROSTHWAITE. 

In  the  17th  Century  the  Parish  of  '"  Orosthwat,''  as  it 
appears  in  older  documents,  was  one  of  the  most  extensive 
in  the  County.  It  had  five  Chapels  of  Ease,  viz: — St. 
John's,  distant  about  three  miles  south  east  of  the  mother 
Church;  Wythburn,  about  six  miles  in  the  same  direction; 
Borrowdale,  some  six  miles  to  the  south ;  Newlands,  about 
four  south  west;  and  Thornthwaite,  about  six  miles  north 
west.  The  mother  Church  is  about  half  a  mile  out  of  the 
town  of  Keswick.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Kentigern;  and 
its  Registers  begin  in  1566.  Concerned  as  they  are  with 
such  an  enormous  area  they  are  exceedingly  full.  Four 
bulky  volumes  represent  our  period  :  — 

1.  Baptisms  from  October  20,   1566,   to  October   2,    1614. 
Marriages  from  Oct.   27,   1566,  to   Oct.   9,  1614. 
Burials  from  Oct.  23,  1566,  to  Oct.  3,  1614. 

A  long,  dumpy  volume  of  parchment,  well  bound,  and  enclosed  in 
leather  clasps,   beautifully  written  and  quite  distinct. 

2.  Baptisms,  Oct.   9,   1614  to  Jan.   1628/9. 
Marriages  Oct.   9_,   1614,  to  Nov.   8,   1628. 
Burials,  Oct.  9,   1614,  to  Dec.   27,   1628. 

Flat    volume,    also    of    parchment,    in    neat,    minute,    and    often 
flourishing  hand. 

3.  Baptisms,  Jan.   6,   1628/9,  to  June   1,  1673. 
Marriages,  Feb.   16,  1628/9,  to  Nov.  17,  1675. 
Burials,  Feb.   11,   1629/30,  to  April  26,   1688. 

4.  Baptisms,  July  20,   1673,  to  Aug.   12,   1740. 
Marriages,  April  29,   1676,  to  July  28,  1740. 
Burials,  July  15,  1688,  to  Sept.  19,  1T40. 

There  are  no  baptisms  for  1658 — 1664;  no  marriages  for 
1658—1669 ;  and  no  burials  for  1658—1668. 


648  The   Ejected    of  1662 

The  following  is  the  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 
Peter  Mayson,  1585—1592. 

Egbert  Beck,  1592—1597. 

There  was  a  Robert  Beck,  who  appeals  as  surety  for 
widow  Walkwood  of  Hutton-in-the-Forest.^  A  person  of 
this  name  was  at  Brampton  in  1579  and  Kirklinton  in 
1576.2 

Peter  Beck,  M.A.,  1597—1602. 

"In  1568,"  says  Mr.  J.  Fisher,  Crosthwaite,  "Christopher 
Beck,  Duchman,  married  Esaybell  Bewley  Englishwoman. 
In  1571,  February  15,  Sir  Robert  Beck,  of  Keswick, 
married  Janet  Fawsett,  servant,  at  Isle."  The  prefix  "Sir" 
was  probably  given  to  him  as  Clergyman.  In  1579  "Mayster 
Peter  Beck"  was  appointed  Yicar,  "  having  by  this  time 
succeeded  to  his  Master's  degree."  ^  Whether  Peter  Beck 
was  related  to  Christopher  Beck  is  not  stated ;  nor  is  it  said 
whether  he  also  was  of  Dutch  descent.  He  appears  at 
Bromfield  after  leaving  Crosthwaite.  Probably  he  was  a 
relation  of  Robert  Beck. 

Giles  Robinson,  M.A.,  D.D.,  1602—1623. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  3,  1602,  being  brother  to  Dr. 
Robinson,  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  at  the  time.  Like  him  he 
received  his  University  training  at  Queen's  College, 
Oxford.  He  is  described  as  "  of  Cumberland,  pleb."  ; 
matriculated  June  14,  1582,  at  the  age  of  16;  graduated 
B.A.  Dec.  8,  1586;  became  Fellow  in  1588;  M.A.  June  9, 
1589 ;  B.D.  Dec.  7,  1596 ;  and  D.D.  July  6,  1599. ^  He  was 
Rector  of  Great  Salkeld  in  1599,^  and  Archdeacon  of 
Carlisle  in  1600.  He  died  in  1623,  and  the  following 
under  "  Burials  "  appears  in  the  Registers  :  — 

November  22.     D.   Egidius  Robinson  Sacrae  Theologicae  Doctor  & 
Professor  Vicarius  Eccliae   Parochialis  de   Crosthwaite   vir  perhunia- 

1.  Vide  p.  489. 

2.  Vide  pp.  249,  307. 

3.  Trans.  (O.S.)  for  1874,  p.  230. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 

5.  Vide  p.  359. 


Crosthwaite  649 

nus  Uteris  &  linquis  tarn  sacris  quam  profanis  inter  peritos  (si  quis 
alius)  peritissimus  inter  suarum  lachrymas  at  desideria  vicessimo  die 
Novembris  obijt  feliciter  sepultus  vicessimo  secundo. 

Isaac  Singleton,  M.A.,  1623—1643. 

He  was  instituted  Feb.  12,  1623/4.  The  following 
particulars  are  given  by  Foster,  which,  if  correct,  show 
that  he  must  have  been  a  Pluralist  to  a  very  high  degree  : 
"Of  London  gent.  Brasenose  Coll.  matric.  14  Oct.,  1597, 
aged  14;  B.A.  4  Dec,  1600;  M.A.  from  All  Souls'  Coll. 
1  May,  1604;  rector  of  Whitchurch,  Oxon.,  1610;  Canon 
of  St.  Paul's  1614;  archdeacon  of  Brecon  1620-44;  rector 
of  Blethvaugh,  co.  Radnor,  1620;  chancellor  1622,  and 
archdeacon  of  Carlisle  1623 ;  rector  of  Great  Salkeld  1623 ; 
and  vicar  of  Crosthwaite,  Cumberland,  1624;  prebendary 
in  collegiate  church  of  Abergwilly  in  Brecon  1624."  ^ 
Isaac  Singleton's  wife  was  Chrysogen,  the  elder  of  the  two 
daughters  of  Richard  Milburn,  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  at  this 
time.  Bishop  Nicolson  was  accustomed  to  speak  of  Sin- 
gleton as  "  boon  Mr.  Singleton,"  because  he  "  observed 
and  brought  up,"  a  custom  at  Great  Salkeld,  which  the 
latter  thought  better  honoured  in  the  breach  than  in  its 
observance ;  because  it  called  upon  ''the  rector  to  pay  to  every 
parishioner  that  payeth  a  Stone  of  wool  in  Tith,  sixpence 
in  ale."  Bishop  Nicolson  adds  that  he  himself  "  never 
yielded  to  this."  2  Neither  Mr.  Loftie  nor  Jefferson  takes 
any  notice  of  Isaac  Singleton's  connection  with  Cros- 
thwaite ;  both  indeed  say  that  he  died  and  was  buried  at 
Great  Salkeld.  "Archdeacon  Singleton,"  writes  Mr. 
Loftie,  "  died  after  November  3rd,  1643,  and  it  is  said  he 
was  buried  at  Great  Salkeld.  That  is,  no  doubt,  according 
to  the  custom  at  that  time,  in  the  chancel  of  the  church, 
but  there  is  no  monument  to  his  memory.  We  may  feel 
sure  that  he,  at  least,  lived  and  died  in  the  Rectory,  which 
must  have  been  built  before  this  time  to  accommodate  the 
curate,  when  the  rector  was  non-resident,  as  the  tower  of 
the  church,  if  even  it  had  formed  the  residence  of  the 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  by  A.  G.  Loftie,  p.  57. 


650  The   Ejected   of  1662 

rector,  would  be  found  quite  unsuitable  for  a  married 
clergyman  and  his  family."  ^  The  Crosthwaite  Registers 
show  this  to  be  incorrect,  his  burial  having  taken  place 
there  :  — 

1643  December  16  Mr.  Isaak  Singleton  vicar  of  the  pish  of  Cros- 
thwate  Quier. 

Walker  corroborates  Foster's  statement  as  to  Singleton's 
Pluralism,  and  under  "  Brecknock,"  whose  Archdeaconry 
and  Canonry  he  held,  says  :  "  He  lived  long  enough  to 
suffer  in  this  Archdeaconry,  though  he  died  soon  after  the 
Rebellion  broke  out,  and  made  way  for  a  second  Person 
to  Suffer  here."  ^  It  is  not  easy  to  see  where  the  suffering 
would  come  in  at  so  early  a  date,  and  in  view  of  the 
numerous  benefices  which  he  appears  to  have  held  until 
his  death.  For  his  son,  Richard  Singleton,  the  reader  is 
referred  to  Melmerby.^  Nicolson  and  Burn  present  a 
hiatus  after  Singleton  until  1661,  which  happily  may  be 
filled  in  from  other  sources. 

John  Winter,  M.A.,  1643/4. 

At  the  beginning  of  No.  3  Register  Book  appears  the 
following  :  — 

Feby  27,  1643  John  Winter  Clearke  (Queens  Colledge)  Inducted  by 
Lancelot   Dawes   Doctor   in  Divinity. 
Witnesses 

flrancis   Hechstetter 
Percivall  Radcliffe,   Gierke 
William    Langbaine 
Nichol.  Smyth. 

Foster  informs  us  that  he  was  "  of  Westmorland  pleb.," 
educated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  where  he  matricu- 
lated Nov.  10,  1621,  being  19  years  of  age,  and  took  his 
B.A.  July  21,  1625,  becoming  Rector  of  Clifton  in  1634.* 
The  Westmorland  Certificate  of  1646  speaks  of  him  as 
"  minister  of  Clifton,  one  who  formly  complyed  wth  the 

1.  Great  Salkeld,  &c.,  p.  58. 

2.  Walker,   Pt.   ii,   pp.    10,   16,   50. 

3.  Vide  p.  384. 

4.  Al.  Ox ;   also  vide  p.  1240. 


Crosthwaite  65 1 

Enemy,  but  since  taken  ye  Covent."  1  Evidently  he  was 
a  Pluralist;  but  he  was  gone  from  Crosthwaite  before 
1646,  when  the  name  of  his  successor  appears.  It  has 
already  been  shown  that  under  the  new  regime  Pluralism 
was  vigorously  attacked,  and  that  may  have  been  the 
reason  for  his  relinquishment  of  the  Crosthwaite  living. 
Among  the  Clergy  contributing  to  the  Carlisle  garrison 
in  1644  appears  "  Mr.  Langbaine  for  Keswick  " ;-  and 
Foster  suggests  that  in  this  year  Gerard  Langbaine  was 
Yicar  here.  The  following  are  the  particulars  given  by 
him :  — 

Langbaine  Gerard,  M.A.  provost  (of  Queen's)  11  March,  1645-6 ; 
S.  William  of  Barton  Kirk,  Westmorland,  Queen's,  Matric.  21  Nov.. 
1628,  aged  19,  as  of  Westmorland  pleb.  ;  B.A.  24  July,  1630,  fellow 
1633,  M.A.  27  June,  1633,  created  D.D.  22  June  1646,  Keeper  of  the 
archives  1644  (and  (?)  Vicar  of  Crosthwaite,  Cumberland,  1644)  until 
his  death  10  Feb.,  1657-8,  Will  at  Oxford,  dated  19  Aug.,  1647.3 

There  is  little  opening  for  Gerard  Langbaine  in  the 
Incumbent  list,  but  the  name  is  inserted  for  further 
enquiry. 

William  Meoles,  1646—1653. 

He  was  already  here  in  IB46  as  the  following  from  the 
Cockermouth  Registers  makes  clear  :  — 

1646  Bartram  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  meoles  vicar  of  Crossthwaite  was 
baptized  here  octob.  25th. 

His  first  appearance  in  the  Crosthwaite  Registers  is  some 
three  years  later.     The  following  entries  relate  to  him  :  — 

Baptisms  :  1649  June  24.  Joseph  INIeoles  son  of  Mr.  Willm  vicar 
of  Crostwt.  &  Julian  his  wife. 

Burials.  1649/50  March  21.  Joseph  :Meoles  Infant  of  Ur.  Meoles 
vicar  of  this  pish,  Quire. 

1651  Henry  Meoles  son  of  Mr.  Willm  Meoles  of  Vicaridge  & 
Julian  his  wife. 

Burial.  Maii  11,  1652,  Henrie  Meoles  Infant  of  Mr.  Willm  Meoles 
of  this  pish  Quire. 

8  Maij  1653  Mr.  William  Meoles  Minister  of  this  pish  buried  in 
ye  quire. 

1.  Vide  p.  111. 

2.  Vide  p.   134. 

3.  Oxford  Men  and  their  Colleges,  p.  167 ;  vide  also  Al.  Ox.     Several 
of  his  letters  appear  in  "The  Flemings  in  Oxford."     (Magrath.) 


652  The    Ejected   of  1662 

Percival  Hadcliffe,  1654 — . 

Foster  mentions  a  person  of  this  name  as  graduating 
B.A.  from  IS^ew  Inn  Hall,  Oxford,  July  4,  1626,  in  refer- 
ence to  whom  he  says  : — "  Perhaps  served  the  cure  of  St. 
Bees,  Cumberland,  1647  " ;  while  "  another  was  vicar  of 
Boughton-under-Blean,  Kent,  1663."  ^  The  Padcliffes  or 
Eatcliffes  were  a  Keswick  family  and  connected  with  the 
Eadcliffes  of  Derwentwater.  John  Ratcliff,  an  early  In- 
cumbent of  Crosthwaite,  died  in  1567.  The  Registers 
contain  the  following  :  — 

Baptisms  :  1605  Mar.   16,  parcevell  Radcliffe  Sone  of  Anthony  and 
Kateren    his  wyfe. 

1610    Feby.    9.    parsivell    Radcliffe    Sone    of    Jaymes    Radcliffe    of 
Keswick  and   Allis   Wyfe. 

Marriage.     Mr.  Parcivell  Radcliffe  of  Keswicke  and  Mrs.  Katherin 
Tyler  of  same  the  23rd  of  October  1636. 

Their  children  were  "  Tymothie,"  "  Samuell "  and 
"  Anthony."  Percival  Radcliffe  also  married  Elizabeth 
Heckstetter  in  1653.  Possibly  the  Percival  Radcliffe 
whose  marriage  is  referred  to  in  these  two  extracts  was 
the  same  individual;  and  may  have  been  the  one  who  was 
baptized  in  1605.  Possibly  also  he  is  to  be  identified  with 
the  "  Clerk  "  of  that  name  who  witnesses  the  Induction  of 
John  Winter  in  1643-4.  The  conjecture  is  hazarded  that 
at  this  time  he  was  serving  as  Curate  because  of  the 
Pluralism  of  Winter.  In  June,  1647,  however,  he  was 
referred  to  the  Assembly  of  Divines  for  the  Cure  of  St. 
Bees.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  Francis  Radcliffe,  a 
member  of  the  Keswick  family,  was  Master  of  the  St.  Bees 
Grammar  School  at  this  time.  The  appointment  of 
Percival  Radcliffe  to  Crosthwaite  in  1654  is  given  in  the 
following  terms  :  — 
Crostwhaite 
Perceval!  Radcliffe 
pres.  23  Sept.  1654  Know    all    &c.    the    fourth    day    of 

October  in  the  yeare   1654  There  was 

Per.    Radcliffe   Cert  as  exhibited  to  the  Comrs  &c  A  psenta- 

aforesaid  by  tion   of   percevall   Radcliffe   Gierke   to 

1.  Al.   Ox. 


Crosthwaite  653 

the    vicarage    of    Crostwhaite    in    the 

Rogr  Baldwin  of  Penreth  County  of   Cumberland   Made  to   him 

Sim.  Atkinson  of  Mellmerby  by  his  Highnesse  Oliver  Lord  Pro- 
Jam.  Cave  tector  of  ye  Commonwealth  of  Engd. 
Edw.  Winter  &c  the  patron  thereof  under  his  Seale 
Wm.  Briscoe  Manuall  To<,'ether  &c  said  percivall 
John  Woods  Radcliffe  &c.  approved  the  said  perci- 
James  Palmer                                vail  Radcliffe  &c  doe  admitt  the  said 

percivall  Radcliffe  &c  to  the  vicarage 
of  Crostwhaite  aforesaid  &c  Incum- 
bent thereof  And  doe  hereby  signify 
to  all  persons  concerned  therein  that  hee  is  hereby  intituled  to  ye 
profitts  &  perquisitts  and  all  Rights  and  dues  incident  and  belonging 
to  ye  said  Vicarage  as  fully  &c  Realme.  In  witnes  whereof  they 
have  caused  this  Approbation  to  be  entred  &  signed  by  the  Regester 
thereunto  appointed.  Dated  at  Whitehall  the  4th  day  of  October 
1654.^ 

In  the  Registers  also  appears  a  note  of  his  Induction, 
which  unfortunately  in  parts  is  illegible.  It  is  as 
follows  :  — 

1654.  By  vertue  of  authority  undr  hands  from  Commissionrs  for 
ye  placing  preachrs  of  the  word  of  God,  appointed  by  Oliver  Lord 
Protector  of  the  Commonwealth  of  England  Scotland  and  Ireland 
.  .  .  cording  to  ye  tenor  of  ye  said  authority  .  .  .  under  Seale  unto 
Percevall  Radcliffe,  Clerk  to  take  .  .  .  ion  of  ye  pish  Church  of 
Crosthwaite  ....  Cumberland  and  was  inducted  into  ....  ac- 
cordingly the  second  of  Novembr   1654. 

Witness   hereof 

John    Hayes   Clerke 

Robert  Rickerby 

Gawen   Bowe 

John   Birkitt 

William   Bowe. 

It  is  unfortunate  that  the  Registers  fail  us  again  at  the 
critical  point,  because  there  is  much  in  relation  to  Percival 
Radcliffe  which  requires  explanation.  In  a  brief  history 
of  Crosthwaite  Church  by  Henry  Manders  in  1853,  the 
author  appears  to  suggest  that  his  death  occurred  about 
1658  or  shortly  afterwards.  "  From  1658  to  1669,"  says 
he,  "the  Registers  are  defective  so  ...  .  that  on  the  decease 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.   Min),   997. 


654 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


of  Mr.  Radcliffe  the ,  Oliverian  appointee,  whicli  probably 

took  place  in  tbat  interval  bis  interment  is  not  recorded." 

Walker  includes  bim  among  bis  "  Suffering  Clergy,"  and 

says  :  — "  Some  of  bis  Family  were  after  bis  deatb  reduced 

to  sucb  Necessities  tbat  tbey  were  forced  to  Sue  for  tbe 

Publick  Cbarity  of  tbe  Corporation  for  Ministers  Widows 

wbicb  tbey  received."  ^     It  is  almost  certain  tbat  tbere  is 

some  mistake  bere.     As  previously  intimated  E-adcliffe's 

appointment    was    a    Commonwealth    one,    certified    by 

Ministers  wbo  were  ejected  at  tbe  Restoration,  and,  unless 

be  suddenly  developed  a  great  change  of  attitude  towards 

tbe   reigning    powers,    it    is   not   likely   tbat   be    suffered 

Sequestration.     Tbe  Registers  witness  to  no  change  up  to 

1658  and  after  tbat  a  Sequestration  would  be  somewhat 

improbable.     Tbe  Embleton  Registers  give  tbe  following  : 

Robertus   Jackson   de   Loughrigg   in   Comitatu   Westmerlandiae   et 

Janeta  Rothery  filia  Johannis   Rothery  de   beckton   in   Embleton  in 

Comit.     Cumbriae    nupt.    fuere    decimo    tertio    die    Julij    Milessimo 

Sexcentissimo    Sexagessimo   primo 

p  Par  Radcliffe 

vie.   de 

The  writing  at  this  point  in  tbe  Registers  is  extremely 
minute  and  cramped,  besides  being  quite  faded  in  places. 
Tbe  date  is  interesting  but  unfortunately  tbe  place  name 
cannot  be  deciphered,  and  whether  Percival  Radcliffe 
was  still  at  Crosthwaite  cannot  be  ascertained.  It  is 
clear,  however,  tbat  be  was  still  living  and  somewhere  in 
the  neighbourhood.  John  Studdert  in  bis  Petition  says, 
tbat  the  last  Incumbent  "  Radcliffe  "  bad  resigned.  Tbe 
reason  is  not  given,  and  unfortunately  all  trace  of  bim 
from  this  point  is  lost.  Are  we  to  identify  bim  with  tbe 
person  in  Kent  to  whom  Foster  refers  as  in  charge  of  a 
living  tbere  in  1663  ?  ^ 

John  Studdert,  M.A.,  1660—1661. 

This  is  quite  a  new  name,  and  bis  Petitions  bere  ap- 
pended are  particularly  interesting.     Foster  gives  John 

1.  Walker,  Pt.    ii,   p.   340. 

2.  Al.   Ox. 


Crosthwaite  655 

Studdert  son  of  *'  Hugh,  of  Braythwayte,  Cumberland, 
pleb.,"  *  as  matriculating  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Nov. 
9,  1632,  at  the  age  of  16  years.  Whether  this  was  the 
Crosthwaite  Studdert,  or  a  connection  does  not  appear. 
The  following  are  the  Petitions :  — 

1660 

Aug.    6. 

To  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Majesty   &c. 

The  humble  peticon  of  John  Studdert  Mr.  in  Arts  &  psent  Incum- 
bent of  the  Viccaridge  of  Crosthwaite  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
Humbly   Sheweth 

That  whereas  the  said  Viccaridge  is  duely  vested  in  yor  petr  by 
the  resignation  of  Mr.  Eadcliffe  the  last  incumbent    but  in   regard 
of  the  vacancy  of  the  See  of  Carlisle  to  whose  jurisdiction  the  title 
of  the  said  Viccaridge  belongeth  yor  petr  Cannot  without  yor  Majes- 
ties Gratious  Grant  of  Confermation  peaceably  enjoy  the   Same  : 
And  forasmuch  as  the  Parishioners  of  the  same  parish  as  alsoe  many 
other  psons  of  Worth  and  approved  Loyalty  to  your  Sacred  Majestie 
have  Given  testimonial!  of  yor  Petrs  Capacity  to  enjoy  the  Same  : 
Yor  Petr  therefore  Most   Humbly  prays  Yor  Majestyes   Most   Gra- 
tious Warrant  for  a  psentacon  to  the  said  Viccaridge  unto  yor  Petr 
for  the  better  Corroboratinge  his  title 
And  yor  petr  as  in  duty  bound 
shall  ever  pray  &c. 

At  the  Court  at  Whitehall  the  6th  Aug.   1660. 

His  Maty  is  Gratiously  pleased  to  referre  this  Petition  unto  the 
Consideration  of  Dr.  Sheldon,  Dr.  Eales  &  Dr.  Morley  to  certify 
their  opinions  of  his  abilitye  &  capacity  of  the  person  &  what  may  be 
fit  to  be  don  therein 

Edw.    Nicholas. 
I  am  assured  by  Persons  of  credit  that  this  Petitioner  is  very  capable 
of  his  Maties  favour  in  this  particular. 
Gilb.   Sheldon. 
Geor.   Morley.  2 
1660 
Aug.  To 

the  Kings  Most  excellent  Majesty  :  The  humble  petition  of  John 
Studdert  Mr  of  Arts. 

Sheweth 

Forasmuch  as  the  said   John   Studdert   was  presented   unto   the 
vicarige    of    Crosthwait    in    the    County    of    Cumberland    by    your 

1.  Al.   Ox. 

2.  S.P.  Dom.  Car.  ii,  vol.  x,  No.  59. 


656 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


Majesty's  letters  patent  bearing  date  the  fiffteenth  of  August  1660 ; 
who  accordingly  was  legally  collated  in  the  aforesaid  living ;  And 
whereas  ther  is  another  John  Studdert  in  the  aforesaid  County,  who 
may  make  use  of  the  said  presentation  to  the  endamagmt  of  the 
title  of  Your  petitioner  ^lay  it  therefore  pleas  your  Sacred  [omitted 
Majestie]  that  a  new  presentation  may  bee  Graunted  unto  your 
petitioner,  under  the  denomination  of  John  Studdert  Senior;  And  so 
the  intent  of  Yor  Majesty's  fomier  psentation  imto  the  forementioned 
John  Studdert  may  not  be  frustrated ;  nor  your  petitioner  deprived 
of  the  benefitt  of  your  Gratious  bounty ;  And  your  petitioner  (as  in 
Duty  bound)  shall  ever  pray  &c.  i 

1661 
May{?) 
To  the  King's  most   Excellent   Majesty ; 

The  humble  petition  of  John  Studdert 

Master  of  Arts 
May  it  please  your  Majesty 

Whereas  yor  Majty 
was  pleased  to  present  yor  petitioner  unto  the  Vicarige  of  Crosthwait 
in  Cumberland  in  September  1660 ;  Who  accordingly  in  October 
following,  was  instituted,  inducted  into  and  possessed  of  the  same ; 
But  by  the  Mistake  of  his  Sollicitor  was  Stiled  Mr.  of  Arts,  and 
under  that  title  was  presented  to  the  aforesaid  Living,  which  hee 
then  was  not,  but  now  is ;  And  least  the  said  Misnomy  should  preju- 
dice the  title  of  the  said  John  Studdert  as  his  Counsell  learned  in 
the  lawes  of  this  Eealm  Conceive  it  may 

These  are  therefore  humbly  to  request  your  Sacred  Majesty  that 
you  would  pleas  to  grant  unto  the  said  John  Studdert  a  new  presen- 
tation ad  Corroborandum  titulum ;  that  so  your  Majesty's  intent  in 
presenting  your  said  petitioner  unto  the  aforesaid  Vicarige  may  not 
bee  frustrated  nor  your  petitioner  deprived  of  the  benefitt  of  your 
gratious  bounty  :  and  your  petitioner  (as  in  duty  bound)  shall  ever 
pray  &c.  2 

John  studdert  does  not  appear  to  have  been  successful 
in  his  Petitions;  for,  in  166.1,  Henry  Marshall  was 
appointed  to  the  vacant  charge.  He  seems  to  have  been 
unsuccessful  in  other  directions,  though  he  was  not  lack- 
ing in  pushfulness,  and  an  attempt  to  secure  for  him  the 
living  at  Dean  similarly  failed.^ 


1.  S.P.  Dom.,  Car.  ii,  vol.  12,  No.  80. 

2.  Ibid.,  vol.  36,  No.  48. 

3.  Vide  p.  763. 


Crosthwaite  657 

It  is  doubtful,  indeed,  if  lie  was  ever  properly  appointed 
to  Crosthwaite,  though  it  is  necessary  to  include  his  name. 
The  Institution  Books  give  him  as  instituted  Oct.  18, 1661^ 
on  the  King's  Presentation.  On  July  14,  1664,  the  Deposi- 
tions were  taken  at  Keswick  of  a  person  of  this  name 
suspected  of  "  complicity  in  the  late  plot."  ^  This  was 
the  Kaber  Rigg  plot,  but  there  is  nothing  to  show  that  he 
was  a  Minister. 

Henry  Marshall,  M.A.,  1661 — 1667. 

The  Institution  Books  are  quite  a  puzzle  in  relation  to 
him.  They  give  him  as  instituted  April  14,  1661,  on  a 
Presentation  by  the  King;  and  again  as  being  collated 
by  Bishop  Sterne,  on  Sept.  21,  1661.  William  Sewel  has 
a  confused  account  of  him,  assigning  him  to  Crosthwaite 
in  Westmorland.  He  says  that  "  Henry  Marshall  priest 
at  Crosthwaite  in  Westmorland,  who  being  also  a  preben- 
dary, and  having  several  Benefices  yet  how  great  soever 
his  Revenues  were,  kept  poor  People  of  that  Perswasion  in 
Prison  for  not  paying  Tithes  to  him ;  and  once  he  said 
very  presumptuously  from  the  Pulpit,  That  not  one 
Quaker  should  be  left  alive  in  England.  But  this 
Temerity  he  did  not  outlive  long :  for  as  he  was  going 
half  dressed  to  his  chamber  to  bed,  he  fell  down  Stairs,  as 
was  concluded  from  the  Circumstances;  for  he  was  found 
lying  on  the  Floor,  with  his  skull  broken,  wrestling  with 
death,  without  being  able  to  speak  one  Word ;  and  being 
taken  up  he  died,  leaving  his  Wife  and  Children  in  such 
a  Condition,  that  by  reason  of  Debts  they  fell  into 
Poverty."  "^  Jefferson  says  that  he  was  murdered.  This 
was  at  Stanwix,^  which  he  seems  to  have  held  along  with 
Crosthwaite. 

Richard  Lowry,  M.A.,  1667 — 1710. 

He  was  collated  on  June  4,  1667,  on  the  death  of  Henry 
Marshall.  He  had  previously  been  at  Wetheral  for  a  short 
time.*     In  1667  he  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits;  and 

1.  Fleming  MSS.,   H.M.C.,  Twelfth  Eeport,  p.  33. 

2.  Hist,  of  the  Quakers,  p.  469  (Ed.  1722). 

3.  Vide  p.   195. 

4.  Vide  p.  213. 


658  The   Ejected   of  1662 

died  in  1710.  Besse  includes  him  among  the  list  of 
"  Priests  "  who  caused  the  imprisonment  of  some  of  the 
Quakers  in  1682.  ^ 

Bishop  Nicolson  refers  to  a  Mr.  Clark  who  was  Lowry's 
Curate  in  Sept.,  1702,  and  speaks  of  him  as  still  here 
on  July  29,  1707,  when  he  desired  the  Curacy  of 
Bassenthwaite.2  Could  this  be  the  person  referred  to  in 
Jackson's  list  of  St.  Bees  Scholars?^ 

In  connectioH  with  Crosthwaite  appears  a  name  of 
considerable  interest.  Robert  Eickerby  was  one  of  the 
witnesses  to  the  Induction  of  Percival  Radcliffe  in  1654. 
He  was  the  Schoolmaster  at  Crosthwaite,  and  the  following 
relate  to  him  :  — 
Crosthwaite.  Nov.    21,    1655. 

Whereas  the  Comrs  for  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in  ye  4  Northerne 
Counties  have  by  thier  order  of  ye  4th  of  March  1652  Graunted  ye 
yearely  Sume  of  Ten  poundes  out  of  the  pfitts  of  the  Eectory  of 
Penreth  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  And  the  further  Sume  of  ffive 
poundes  a  yeare  payable  out  of  the  viccarage  of  Crosthwaite  to  ye 
Bpp  of  Carlisle  for  the  Tenthes  of  ye  said  Viccarage  in  the  County 
aforesaid  for  increase  of  the  Maintennce  of  ye  SchooUmr  of  Cros- 
thwaite aforesd  &  to  his  Successors  his  pret  Maintennce  being  but 
Ten  poundes  a  yeare.  It  is  ordered  that  the  same  be  Graunted  & 
from  time  to  time  Continued  &  paid  to  Mr.  Robt  Rickerby  pret 
Schoolemr  of  the  said  Schoole  for  such  time  as  he  shall  descharge 
the  duty  of  Schoolemr  there  or  untill  further  Ordr  of  the  said 
Trustees  And  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Receiver  is  hereby  appointed 
to  pay  the  same  unto  him  accordingly. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Ra.  Hall,  Ri.  Sydenham  Edw.  Cressett.  Jo. 
Pocock.4 

Nov.   22,   1655. 

Crossthwaite.  Mr.  Ricerby  Confirme  the  Augmentacon  to  ye 
Schoole  there. 5 

It  is  almost  certain  that  this  was  the  Sequestered  Vicar  of 
Cockermouth ;  and  the  reader  is  recommended  to  turn  to 
the  account  of  that  place  for  the  evidence.  ^ 

1.  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  vol.  i,  p.  133. 

2.  Miscel.,   p.    96;   Trans.    (N.S.),   vol.  iv,   p.  6. 

3.  The  Grammar  School  of  St.  Bees,  p.  73. 

4.  Lambeth   MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   972. 

5.  Ibid.,  1021. 

6.  Vide  p.  683. 


II.     THOENTHWAITE,  &c. 

This  is  one  of  the  five  Chapelries  connected  with  the 
Crosthwaite  Parish  Church  referred  to  in  the  previous 
section.  No  attempt  is  made  to  give  a  list  of  those  who 
served  these  Chapelries  :  for  it  were  vain  to  do  so.  The 
materials  are  not  to  hand  for  such  a  task.  An  occasional 
name  appears  in  the  Crosthwaite  Hegisters  like  that  of 
"  Xofer  Scott  curate  at  Newlands  Chappell "  who  was 
buried  "  in  Ecclia  "  on  Oct.  11,  1623.  Bishop  Nicolson, 
writing  of  these  Chapelries  in  1703,  also  throws  interesting 
light  upon  the  way  in  which  they  were  served.  Taking 
the  three  with  which  we  are  concerned  he  says  :  — 

The  Reader  of  Newlands  has  (vijs  et  modis)  21i  15s  Id  and  St. 
Johns  5li  Is.  Lastly  Thornthwait  has  48li  in  stock  of  money  at  14d 
p  lib.  Interest  :  and  2li  5s  8d  rais'd  yearly  (by  way  of  Assessment) 
upon  the  Lands  of  the  Inhabitants  within  that  Chappelry  :  which 
brings  the  whole  Annual  Stipend  to  5li  Is  8d.  As  mean  as  these 
Salaries  look,  the  Readers  in  these  Dales  are  commonly  more  rich 
than  the  Curates  (much  better  provided  for,  in  appearance)  in  other 
parts  of  the  Diocese ;  haveing  the  Advantage  of  drawing  Bills,  Bonds, 
Conveyances,  Wills,  &c.,  which  the  Attornies  elsewhere  claim  as 
their  property  :  But,  since  the  Duty  of  stamp 'd  paper  came  in 
Fashion,  their  Revenues  are  much  abated  in  this  Article.' 

Connected,  however,  with  these  places  is  the  name  of 
James  Cave,  whom  Calamy  places  among  his  Ejected 
Ministers.  Previous  to  that  another  name  of  equal 
interest  is  found  linked  with  this  area  and  that  is  Simon 
Atkinson.     The  following  is  the  authority:  — 

Crosthwaite.  Martii  8,  1645-6. 

Ref.  Simon  Atkinson  minister  &c.  to  ye  assembly  to  officiate  in  ye 

Chappells   annexed   to   the   Church  of   Crosthwaite  in   ye   County  of 

Cumberland.  2 

1.  Miscel.,  p.   98. 

2.  Bodl.  MS.   322. 


66o 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


An  erased  passage  previous  to  that  says  that : — 

50li  be  paid  him  out  of  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlisle  to  officiate 
in  parish  of  Crosthwaite  consisting  of  many  Chappelrys. 

As  Simon  Atkinson  signs  the  Lazonby  Registers  in  the 
capacity  of  Yicar  in  January,  1645-6/  he  could  not  be 
serving  these  Chapelries  in  March  following.  The  erasure 
suggests  some  blundering  on  the  part  of  the  scribe ;  but  it 
may  be  that  Simon  Atkinson  was  here  previous  to  his 
advent  to  Lazonby. 

James  Cave,  1652—1660. 

Calamy's  account  of  James  Cave  is  comparatively  full, 
and  is  to  be  found  in  his  "  Continuation "  by  way  of 
correction  and  addition  to  his  first  Account.  He  informs 
us  that  James  Cave  was  born  at  Banbury,  that  his  father 
was  a  brazier,  and  that  for  some  time  he  fought  in  the 
wars  in  Scotland,  being  a  Captain  in  the  Army  there. '^ 
He  states  that  the  "  Commissioners  for  propagating  the 
Gospel  in  the  four  Northern  Counties "  appointed  him 
"  Preacher  at  Crosby,  Scaleby  and  Stanwix  with  80/  per 
Annum  Maintenance.  They  afterwards  sent  him  to 
itinerate  at  Thornewait  Newlands  and  St.  Johns  with  an 
Appointment  of  104?  per  ann.  These  it  seems  are  all  of 
them  in  Crosthwait  Parish."  ^  His  appointment  as 
"  Itinerant "  in  the  three  Chapelries,  in  1652,  is  given  in 
the  following  together  with  some  account  of  his  stipend  : 
Newcastle 

upon  Tine.  By  the  Corns.  November  3rd,  1652. 

Thornethwaite 
Newlands  & 
St.   John. 

Whereas  Mr.  James  Cave  being  recommended  for  a  godly  &  painfull 
preacher  &  of  able  guifts  &  knowledge  for  the  worke  of  ye  Ministry  & 
of  approved  conversation  for  piety  hath  come  before  us  &  upon 
tryall  &  examinacon  of  his  guifts  by  divers  godly  Minrs  according  to 
the  direcon  of  the  Parlt  is  found  fitt  to  preach  the  Gospell  of  Jesus 
Christ  &  to  be  duely  qualified  &  guifted  for  that  holy  Imployment 

1.  Vide  p.  319. 

2.  Vide  p.  624. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  159;  vol.  iii,  pp.  227-8. 


Thomthwaite  66 1 

these  are  therefore  by  vertue  of  the  power  &  authority  to  us  given  by 
ye  Par  It  to  appoint  the  said  Mr.  James  Cave  to  preach  at  Thornethwaite 
Newlands  &  St.  Johns  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  &  to  be  itinerant 
in  those  places  &  for  his  Support  &  maintennce  It  is  hereby  appted  & 
ordered  yt  the  rents  menconed  &  conteyned  in  ye  Schedule  hereunto 
annexed  bee  setled  upon  the  said  Mr.  James  Cave.  And  hee  is 
hereby  invested  in  ye  same  And  as  lawfully  Seised  thereof  to  all 
intents  and  purposes  as  if  he  had  bin  instituted  &  inducted  according 
to  any  forme  or  Course  of  Law  &  hath  the  like  remedy  for  ye 
recovering  thereof  as  ye  deane  &  chapter  of  Carlisle  formerly  had. 
Cuthbert  Studholme  Tho.  Cholmley  Tho  Langhorne  Jo.  Levering 
Wm  ffenwick,  Geo.  Dawson  John  Ogle  Luke  Rillingworth  Hen. 
Horsley  Tho.  Craister  Robt.  Hutton  Edw.  Winter. 
Exd.  &  Ent.  Anth.  Parsons. 

A  note  of  Severall  rents  setled  upon  Mr.  James  Cave  Minister  of 
the  Gospell   in   the  foure   Northerne    Counties    arising    out  of   rents 
late  belonging  to  the  Deane  &  Chapter  of  Carlile. 
Imprimis, 
Kirkland     Mr.  John  Dalston  of  Acron  Banke  out  of  the 

Tyth  of  Kirkland  at  andr  :  &  Elin.  21  :  00  :  00. 

Lagonby.     Mr.  Mackmillion  out  of  the  tith  of  Lagonby  at 

andr  &  Lady  Day  09  :  00  :  00. 

Camerton     Sr    Patricius    Curwen    out    of    the    tith    of 

Camerton  att  Michas  &  Lady  Day  08  :  13  :  04. 

Cross  Cannonby    Mr.  Robert  Sedall  out  of  the  Tythe  of 

Cross  Cannonby  att  Mart.  &  Michas  10  :  00  :  00. 

Grindledicke      Mr.  Carleton  for  Grindledik  at  Whitsontyde 

&  Mart.  00  :  13  :  04. 

Ireby     Mr.    John   Relfe    for    tyth    Come    of    Ireby   at 

Whitsontide  and  Martin  10  :  00  :  00. 

Sebreom.     Mr.   phillipp   Ellis   for   tythes   of   Sebreom  at 

Whitsontyde  &  Mart.  09  :  10  :  00 

Basingthwaite       Mr.      fforward     or     the      ffarmera      of 

Basingthwait  tyth  for  the  same  att  Whitsontide 

ajid   Mart.  11  :  00  :  00. 

Coltclose     Mrs.  Stephenson  for  Coltclose  att  Whitsontide 

&  Mart.  00  :  13  :  04. 

Hirhcomocke     Thomas  Bortrum  hirhcomock  at    Mart.    & 

Michas.  00  :  05  :  00. 

Heyclose  Mr.  Skaife  for  heyclose  at  Whit,  and  Mart.  00  :  12  :  00. 
Woolaiks  Mr.  Harrington  for  Woolaicks  Whit,  and  Mart.  00  :  10  :  04. 
Carlile  Small  tyth.     Edward  James  Richard  Symins  with 

the  rest  of  the  petty  Cannons  at  Carlile  for  Small 

tyth  there  att  Whit.  &  Mart.  01  :  05  :  00 

Corgan     The  ffarmers  of  Corgan  tyth  for  ye  sayd  tyth 

at  Jo.  Baptist  &  Lady  day.  02  :  18  :  00. 


662 


The   Ejected   of   1662 


Sowerby    The    vicar    of    Sowerby    for    Tyth    there    at 

Bapt.  &  Lady  day. 
Welfield  old  f  eild.    Perci  vail  Kirkebride  for  tyth  of  Welfield 

k  oldfield  at  Bapt.  &  Lady  Day 
Little  Salquald     Theffarmersof  the  tyth  of  Little  Salquald 

for  the  sayd  tyth  at  Bapt.   and  purification 
Todergill     Richard  Hindson  for  Todergill  att  Lammas 
Cathwait    William  Nelson   for  tyth   of   Cathwait   Lamas 

&  purificon 
Sprunston    John  Hindson  of  Sprunston  at  Lam.  Michas 
Lyntonholme    Mr.  fforward  for  Lynton  holme  att  Lam.  & 

Michas 
Highead        Mr.     Christopher    Richmond     for     tyth     of 

Highead  at  Lam.  &  purificacon 
Cathwaite        Thomas    Vaux    for    Cathwaite    Lam    and 

Purificacon 
Eadnall    Mr.   Macmillion    for   tyth   of   Eadnall   Lam.    & 

purificacon 
Sebreom       James     Gillaspy      of     Sebreom      Lam.      and 

purificacon 
Grindledick    John  Slagg  for  Grindledick  Lam.  purif. 

Mr.  Peter  Senhouse  Esq.  for  Gleab  there  Michas 
Thistlethwaite  Mr.  Halton  for  Thistlethwaite  at  Michas 
petrill    Crooke       Mr.    Atkinson    for    pettrill   Crooke    at 

Mich,  purifi. 
Apletreethwaite     Mr.  Skelton  for  Apletreethwaite  INIichas 
Ragmere     Mr.     Stephenson    for    a    Tenmt    in    Ragmere 

Michas 
Stemfeild     Sr  George  ffletcher  for  Stemfeild  at  Barth-. 

Jo.  Stanix    Michas 
Stone    Quarries     Mr.    Wilson    of   Carlile    for    two    Stone 
Quarries     Michas 

Thomas  Bushby    Michas. 
Hunsfeild    John  Moore  of  Hunsfeild     ^Nlich. 
Thwaite    John  Briscov?  of  Thwaite    Michas 
Phillip  Browne     Michas 
Anthony  Fleming     Michas 
Richard  Jackson     Michas 
John  Oliphant     Michas 
Cuthbert  Rumsey     Michas 
Widdow  Bowman     Michas 
Richard  Wright  Selyray  [Salary  ?]    Michas 
Thomas  Blenrassett,  Carlisle,'     Michas 


01  :  07  :  00. 


00  -.  01  :  06. 


00 
00 
01 
01 

00 
00 

00; 

00 

00 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


00  :  00. 

01  :  00. 


10  :  00. 
01  :  00. 


00  :  15  :  04. 


01  :  06  :  08. 


00  :  12  :  00. 


03  :  08  :  04. 


13  :  04. 
05  :  00. 
00  :  00. 

00  :  00. 

07  :  00. 
04  :  00. 

01  :'00. 
15  :  00. 

02  :  00. 

03  :  10. 

01  :  00. 
00  :  04. 

02  :  00. 
00  :  04. 
00  :  03. 
00  :  02. 
00  :  03. 
00  :  05. 

00  :  04. 
03:04. 

01  :  00. 


Thomas    Craister 
Cuthbert   Studholme 


Thomas  Langhorne 
Robert   Hutton.' 


104  :  10  :i06. 


1.  Lambeth   MSS.    fPlund.    Min.),    1006. 


Thornthwaite  663 

Crosthwaite 

The  like  [Approval]  for  Mr.  James  Cave  of  Crosthwaite  in  Com. 
Cumberland  &c.  Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  11th  day  of  May  An  l655. 

Jo.   Nye  Eegr.  i 

Thornthwayte 

Newlands  & 

St.   Johns.  July   16,    1655. 

Whereas  ye  Comrs  for  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in  ye  fower  North- 
erne  Counties  having  by  their  order  of  ye  3d  of  November  1652 
Setled  Mr.  James  Cave  Minister  of  Thornthwayte  Newlands  &  St. 
Johns  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  did  thereby  likewise  graunt  unto 
ye  said  Mr.  Cave  ye  yearely  Sume  of  One  hundred  &  fower  poundes 
elleven  Shillinges  &  five  pence  out  of  Severall  pticulars  of  ye  Revenue 
within  ye  said  County  now  vested  in  these  Trustees  It  is  ordered  yt 
Mr.  Edmund  Branthwayte  Recr  doe  examine  ye  said  pticulers  so 
Graunted  by  ye  said  Comrs  before  he  make  paymt  of  ye  same  and 
thereupon  pay  ye  said  Mr.  Cave  ye  said  yearely  sume  of  one  hundred 
fower  poundes  elleven  Shillinges  &  five  pence  out  of  ye  said  pticulers 
from  time  to  time  for  such  time  as  ye  said  Mr.  Cave  (approved  &c.) 
shall  Continue  to  discharge  ye  duty  of  ye  Minister  of  ye  said  places 
or  till  further  order  of  ye  said  Trustees  to  Comence  from  ye  time  of 
his  last  receipt. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Jo  Humfrey  Ri.  Sydenham  Jo.  Pocock,  Ri.  Yong." 

Thornthwaite 

Newlands  and 

St.   John's.  March  20,   1656. 

Whereas  the  yearely  Sume  of  Eleaven  poundes  was  graunted  by 
the  late  Comrs  for  propagacon  of  the  Gospell  in  the  foure  Northerne 
Counties  unto  Mr.  James  Cave  Minister  of  Thornethwaite  Newlands 
and  St.  Johns  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  out  of  the  tithes  of 
Bassenthwayte  in  the  Sayd  County  and  whereas  the  Curacy  of  the 
pish  Church  of  Bassenthwayte  aforesd  is  wthin  the  care  of  these 
Trustees  who  have  Setled  the  rent  of  the  whole  tithes  amounting 
but  to  foure  and  twenty  poundes  a  yeare  upon  Mr.  Wm.  Ardrey, 
whereby  the  aforesd  allow^ance  graunted  unto  Mr.  Cave  is  ceased  It 
is  orderd  that  in  lieu  thereof  the  yearely  Sume  of  Eight  poundes  one 
shilling  be  graunted  unto  the  said  Mr.  Cave  out  of  the  rents  and 
profitts  of  the  tithes  of  Little  Raughton  and  Halfeildes  and  that  the 
same  be  from  time  to  time  paid  unto  him  for  such  time  as  he  shall 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.   Min.),   972. 

2.  Ibid.,  968. 


664 


The    Ejected    of  1662 


discharge  the  duty  of  the  Minister  of  the  said  place,  or  untill  further 
order  of  these  Trustees  to  be  accompted  from  the  5th  day  of  ffebr 
last  past  And  that  Mr.   Edmund  Branthwaite  receiver  doe  pay  the 
same  unto  the  said  Mr.  Cave  accordingly. 
Ea.   Hall,  Jo.   Pocock,  Edw.   Cressett,  Jo.   Humfrey  Ri.  Yong." 

James  Cave's  ordination,  however,  did  not  take  place 
until  October,  1656,  and  the  following  is  a  copy  of  the 
testimonial  given  on  the  occasion  :  — 

CUMBERLAND. 

FORASMUCH  as  Mr.  James  Cave  hath  address'd  himself  to  us  the 
Associated    Ministers    of    this    County,    desiring    to   be    ordain'd    a 
Preaching  Presbyter  for  that  he  is  called  to  the  Work  of  the  Ministry 
in  Crosthwait  and  hath  exhibited  to  us  sufficient  Testimony  now  in 
our   Hands,   of  his  unblameable  Life  and  Conversation,  of   his  Gifts 
and  of  his  direct  Call  to  the  foremention'd  Place  :  And  whereas  the 
Great  Lord  of  the  Harvest  (who  hath  promis'd  a  continu'd  Succession 
of  Labourers    in    his   Vineyard,    to    the    end    of    the    World)    hath 
empower'd  Mimisters  of  the  Gospel  to  ordain  fit  Persons  to  the  Office 
successively,    the   Exercise   of    which    Liberty  and    Privilege    is  also 
allow'd  to  us  by  the  Instrument  of  the  Government  of  the  Common- 
wealth of  England,  Scotland,  &c.,  dated  at  Westminster  Dec.  16,  a.d. 
1653.     We  the  Ministers  of  the  said  Association  have  examin'd  him  ; 
and  finding  him  to  be  duly  qualified  and  gifted  for  that  holy  Office 
and     Employment     (no     just     Exception     being     made     against     his 
Ordination  or  Admission)  we  have  approved  him,  and  accordingly  in 
the  Parish  Church  of  Crosthwait,  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  upon 
the  Day  and  Year  hereafter  expressed,  we  have  proceeded  solemnly 
to  set  him  apart  to  the  Office  of  a  Preaching   Presbyter  and   Work 
of  the   Ministry,    with  Fasting,   Prayer   and    Imposition    of    Hands. 
And  do  hereby  (so  far  as  concemeth  us)   actually  admit  him  to  the 
said  Charge,  there  to  perform  all  the  Offices  and  Duties  of  a  faithful 
Minister  of  JESUS  CHRIST.     In  witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto 
subscrib'd  our  Names,  this  16th  Day  of  October  Anno  Domini  1656. 
Richard  Gil-pin,  Minister  at  Greystoch. 
Roger  Baldwin,  Minister  at  Penrith. 
George  Tibhol,  Minister  at  Skelton. 
John  Jackson,  Minister  at  Hvtton. 
John  Myriell,  Minister  at  Lamplvgh. 
George  Benson,  Minister  at  Bridekirke. 
George  Larkliam,  Minister  at  Cockermovth.'^ 


1.  Lambeth   MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),   993. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.   iii,   p.    228. 


Thomthwaite  665 

These  ordainers  were  not  all  of  one  denominational 
complexion — at  least  two  or  three  of  them  were  Congiega- 
tionalists;  and  the  conjunction  of  the  names  here  throws 
light  upon  the  composition  of  the  Association  which  they 
represented.  It  will  be  noticed  that  mention  is  made  only 
of  Crosthwaite,  in  whose  Parish  Church  the  ordination 
appears  to  have  taken  place;  but  there  is  no  reason  to 
think  that  anything  beyond  Crosthwaite  Parish  is 
intended.  It  is  however  curious  that  Percival  Radcliffe 
is  in  no  way  named,  though  he  must  have  been  Incumbent 
of  Crosthwaite  at  the  time.  Calamy  says  that  before 
James  Cave's  appointment  to  Thornthwaite  "  he  had  an 
Invitation  to  Inverness  with  the  Offer  of  £160  per  Annum 
sign'd  Rich.  Deane.  But  it  was  not  accepted."  The  area 
over  which  he  itinerated  was  very  ^considerable — from 
Keswick,  where  he  had  his  home,  six  miles  in  one  direction, 
six  in  another,  and  three  in  a  third.  Whether  he  is  one 
of  the  "  peripatetic  pastors  "  in  the  mind  of  the  author 
of  the  Victoria  County  History,  illustrating  the  preval- 
ence of  Pluralism  in  those  days,  is  not  stated.  It  is  not, 
however,  the  sort  of  Pluralism  against  which  much  can  be 
said;  it  was  merely  a  case  of  Church  grouping  such  as  is 
growing  in  favour  with  not  a  few  religious  bodies  to  day. 
Calamy  informs  us  that  "  after  his  Ejectment,  he  remov'd 
often  from  one  Place  to  another,  till  marrying  at  Daventry 
in  Northamptonshire  he  settled  and  continu'd  there  till  he 
came  to  London.  And  there  he  took  the  Opportunity  of 
King  Charles's  Declaration  in  1672,  publickly  to  exercise 
his  Ministry  taking  out  a  Licence.  He  died  in  1694." 
He  licensed  his  own  house  at  Daventry,  also  that  of 
"Widow  Manly,  Daventry,"  both  for  "Presbyterian" 
worship.  The  contention  throughout  this  work  is  that 
the  term  "  Presbyterian  "  is  used  in  these  Licenses  quite 
loosely,  as  indeed  it  is  generally  in  the  literature  of  the 
period ;  and  this  is  sustained  by  what  happened  at  Thorn- 
thwaite Chapel  during  James  Cave's  ministry.  Clearly 
the  congregation  was  in  close  association  with  the  one  at 
Cockermouth,  whose  Congregational  character  from  the 
very  beginning  is  beyond  suspicion.     The   Cockermouth 


666 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


Church  Book  informs  us  that  "  on  the  24th  day  of  the  4th 
month  [June,  1657],  The  two  Sister  Churches,  viz:  That 
of  Keswick  &  this  of  Cockermth,  mett  at  Thornthwaite 
Chappell,  when  the  two  Pastrs  preached :  our  Pastour 
from  ye  1  pet.  1.  22,  the  Pastor  of  ye  other  Society  from 
the  1st  Ep.  to  ye  Corinth.  15  Cap.  58  verse."  Still 
further,  and  more  striking,  the  fact  that  the  Savoy 
Confession  of  Faith  together  with  the  "  expressed  iudgmt 
of  yt  meeting  touching  order,  is  owned  by  this  [Cocker- 
mouth]  pticular  Church.  It  was  read  amongst  us  at 
Thornthwaite  Chapel,  in  Crosthwaite  Parish  and  assented 
too." 

Both  Calamy  and  Palmer  give  under  St.  John's  Chapel 
"  James  Carr "  as  an  Ejected  Minister.  This,  however, 
is  an  error  and  a  clear  case  of  reduplication,  St.  John's 
Chapel,  Newlands,  and  Thornthwaite  being  all  under  the 
care  of  James  Cave.  James  Carr  is  a  mistake  for  James 
Cave.i 

The  Episcopal  Register  states  that  Thomas  Knott  was 
ordained  Priest  March  11.  1665-6,  and  the  same  day 
licensed  to  teach  "  pueros  "  and  "  read  prayers  "  at  Thorn- 
thwaite. Probably  this  is  the  person  who  appears  at 
Watermillock  in  1669.  - 


1.  Vide  under  Kirkland  for  a  further  reference  to  James  Cave,  p.  396. 

2.  Vide  p.  512. 


III.     THEELKELD. 

About  half  a  dozen  miles  from  Keswick  in  an  easterly 
direction  is  Threlkeld.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Mary;  and  the  earliest  Register  Book,  a  long,  narrow 
parchment  volume,  is  broken  in  places ;  but  the  writing 
generally  is  good,  though  some  of  it  is  faded.  The  entries 
begin  in  1573,  as  the  following  shows:  — 

A  trewe  and  perfect weddings  Christings  the  xxv  daie 

of  Ap  .  .  .  Ecclesiae  Anglicanae  et  Decimo  quinto. 

The  book  commences  with  "  Weddings."  The  County 
Histories  do  not  help  us  with  any  Incumbent  list,  but  the 
following  names  have  been  obtained  from  the  Registers, 
and  in  other  ways  :  — 

Thomas  Piele,  1573—1602. 

He  signs  the  Registers  on  April  25th,  1573,  but  how 
long  before  that  he  had  held  the  living  is  not  known.  His 
burial  entry  is  as  follows  :  — 

July  1,  1602  Mr.  Thomas  Piell  Curate  buried  at  Lorton. 

The  Pieles  were  a  local  family  being  especially  numerous 
about  Lorton  and  Cockermouth.  Probably  this  is  the 
person  who  was  at  Lorton  in  1602,^  and  who  seems  to  have 
held  both  livings. 

Edward  Wilson,  1602. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 
Sept.   20,  1603,   John  son  of  Mr.   Edward  Wilson  Curate   baptd. 

In  the  Greystoke  Registers  also  we  read  :  — 

November  1609  Sunday  the  vth  day  being  Kyng's  Holy  day 
accordinge  to  the  Ackt  of  Parlament  one  Sermon  by  Mr.  Wilson 
Curate  at  Threlkeld  the  xxxvijth  psalme  33  verse. 

John  Lowes,  1645—1662. 

The  Registers  state  that  he  was  inducted  on  March  5th, 

1.  Vide  p.  739. 


668 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


1645 ;  and  they  have  the  following  notice  of  his  burial :  — 
March  26,  1662,  Mr.  John  Lowes  Minister  buried. 

It  would  appear  that  there  was  no  disturbance  here  at  the 
Restoration. 

Tristram  Lowther,  1697. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  being  "  Literatus  "  February 
1st,  1662-3 ;  but  the  date  of  his  appointment  to  Threlkeld 
is  not  forthcoming.  The  following  notice  of  his  burial 
appears  in  the  Registers  :  — 

March  10,   1697.     Mr.  Tristram  Lowther  Minister,  buried. 

Andrew  Naughley,  1698 — 1705, 

The  Registers  contain  the  following :  — 

Master  Andrew  Naughley  an  Scottish  Devine  was  inducted  to  be 
Minister  at  Threlkeld  Church  by  Dr.  Smith  Bishop  of  Carlisle  his 
order  upon  the  fourt  day  of  April  &  year  of  our  Lord  Gk)d  1698. 

April   17,   1705.     Mr.   Andrew  Naughley  died. 

April  19,  1705.     The  same  buried  at  the  North  Side  of  the  Altar. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says :  — 

Notwithstanding  that  the  Parishioners  here  pay  their  Tithes  (of 
Wool  &  Lamb  &c.)  to  the  Rector  of  Graystock,  and  are  undoubtedly 
part  of  his  parish,  they  have  alwaies  claim'd  (and  enjoy'd  for  some 
Ages)  distinct  Parochial  Rights  of  their  own  :  And  their  Register- 
Book,  to  begin  with  that,  has  been  so  managed  as  to  countenance 
their  Claim.  It  begins  at  1573,  and  tells  that  John  Lowes  was 
Inducted  into  this  Church  Mar.  5,  1645,  and  so  Mr.  Naughley,  the 
present  Curate,  has  taken  care  to  let  posterity  know  that  he  was 
Inducted  to  be  Minister  of  Threlkeld  by  Dr.  Smith  Bishop  of  Car- 
lile's  Order  Apr.  4,  1698.  Before  we  shut  this  Book,  we  must  observe 
one  extraordinary  Custome  of  the  place,  to  be  proved  by  it.  Formal 
Contracts  of  Marriage  are  herein  Recorded ;  and  Sureties  enter'd  for 
the  payment  of  five  Shillings  to  the  poor,  by  the  party  that  draws 
back. ' 

Alexander  Naughley,  M.A.,  1705 — 1756. 

He  was  an  Edinburgh  graduate,  appearing  in  the  M.A. 
list  under  date  April  30th,  1700.  The  following  from  the 
Registers  supplies  additional  information  :  — 

May  5,  1705.  Alexander  Naughley  his  son.  Nominated  to  the 
curacy   of   Threlkeld   by  Richard   Viscount  of   Lonsdale   at   Lowther 

1.  Misoel.,  p.  107. 


Threlkeld  669 

Hall  and  June  2,  1705  ordained  Deacon  at  Carlisle  and  June  13,  1705, 
Licensed  to  serve  cure  &  preach  at  Threlkeld  May  19,  1706.  The 
same  was  ordained  priest  in  the  fourth  year  of  the  consecration  of 
William   Nicholson   Lord   Bishop  of  Carlile. 

Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary,  under  date  September 
26th,  1713,  tells  about  Naughley  being  summoned  to 
Crosthwaite  to  meet  himself  and  Chancellor  Tullie,  when 
he  was  admonished  to  "  avoid  Brawls  and  Tipling."i 

Hutchinson  has  a  lengthy  account  of  this  singular  man. 
He  says  :  — 

The  son  of  Alexander  [should  be  Andrew]  Naughley,  an  episcopal 
clergyman  of  reputation  at  Stow,  in  the  Lowthians,  where  his  son  was 
born  a  few  years  before  the  revolution.  The  father  was  highly  respectable 
for  his  learning  and  piety ;  ,and  had  been  Chum  with  Bishop  Burnet  at 
the  University  of  Glasgow.  But  refusing  from  conscientious  motives,  to 
sign  the  Covenant,  and  siding  with  the  Marquis  of  Montrose,  he 
was  deposed  and  banished.  Another  brother  and  this  Alexander, 
then  a  mere  infant,  were  put  into  a  pair  of  panniers,  and  thus 
Conveyed,  on  a  little  Scots  galloway  to  this  place  :  the  father  and 
mother  performing  the  journey  on  foot.  The  stipend  of  Threlkeld, 
though  too  small  to  maintain  a  resident  Minister,  to  this  poor 
fugitive  became  a  most  comfortable  relief — the  cure  then  being 
vacant.  He  held  it  till  he  died,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son. 
Scanty  as  his  income  was,  hardly  ever  exceeding  £12  a  year,  he  was 
enabled  through  rigid  frugality,  after  having  taught  this  his  son, 
with  great  advantage,  all  that  is  usually  called  school  learning,  to 
send  him  to  the  university  of  Edinburgh,  where  he  staid  till  he  took 
his  Master's  degree.  At  this  Seminary,  he  distinguished  himself, 
particularly  for  his  proficiency  in  mathematical  learning.  Soon  after 
his  return  to  Threlkeld,  the  father  died ;  and  contented  to  succeed 
him  the  parishioners  were  happy  to  elect  the  son.  Here  he  remained 
fifty-one  years,  without  ever  seeking,  or  accepting,  of  any  other 
promotion  :  for,  here  alone  as  he  used  to  say,  he  was  in  his  element  ; 
because  his  peculiarities  did  not  at  all  diminish  the  respect  paid  him 
by  his  parishioners.  For  many  years,  he  added  something,  but  it 
never  could  be  much,  to  his  Church  revenue  of  £12  a  year  by  teaching 
astronomy,  navigation,  mensuration,  and  other  branches  of  the 
mathematics.  He  was  also  in  great  reputation  as  a  Classical  Scholar. 
In  his  modes  of  living  he  was  eccentric  and  careless  beyond  example. 
His  victuals,  such  as  they  were,  he  cooked  himself;  without  ever 
attempting  to  wash  the  one  poor  pan,  in  which  all  his  operations  in 

1.   Trans.  (N.S.).  vol.  iv,  p.  66. 


670 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


this  way  were  performed.  His  most  usual  fare  was  a  crust  of  sour 
brown  bread,  boiled  in  plain  water,  and  seasoned  with  a  little  salt  : 
and  the  only  luxuries  in  diet,  on  which  he  was  ever  known  to  regale 
with  superior  enjoyment,  were  messes  of  oatmeal.  His  dress  was 
only  comparable  to  his  diet  :  it  was,  in  general,  the  meanest  and 
worst  in  the  parish.  He  always  wore  wooden  shoes,  and  went 
without  cravat,  stock,  or  handkerchief  round  his  neck  :  his  slovenli- 
ness will  not  bear  description.  His  hearth  was  seldom  cleared  of  the 
«mbers ;  whilst  his  whole  apartment  was  strewed  over  with  books 
and  papers,  intermingled  with  his  household  implements.  [His  late 
life  was  shadowed.]  He  became  sottish,  grovelling  and  mean  in  the 
extreme ;  unstudious,  and  without  either  ambition  or  effort  to  improve 
his  understanding.  His  voice  also  was  rendered  so  effeminate,  weak 
and  piping,  that  his  Congregation,  even  when  they  could  hear  him 
at  all,  no  longer  heard  him  with  pleasure.  He  died  in  1756  at  the 
age  of   76.' 

Hutchinson  is  not  happy  in  his  dates  ^  when  he  tells  these 
stories,  which  are  an  interesting  feature  of  his  work. 
There  is  certainly  something  calling  for  explanation  in 
relation-  to  the  elder  Naughley.  His  Induction  to 
Threlkeld  was  only  in  1698,  and  at  that  time  the  Montrose 
incident  was  ancient  history,  while  the  younger  Naughley 
could  not  have  been  an  infant.  Were  it  not  for  the 
appearance  of  Tristram  Lowther  in  1697  it  might  have 
been  assumed  that  the  elder  Naughley  in  an  irregular  sort 
of  way  held  the  Threlkeld  living  before  his  Induction. 

1.  Hutchinson,  vol.  i,  p.  422  note. 

2.  Vide  Wigton,  p.  522. 


IV.     BASSENTHWAITE. 

About  four  miles  from  the  railway  station  and  on  the  east 
side  of  the  Lake  of  that  name,  is  the  Bassenthwaite  Church. 
It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Bridget,  and  the  Registers  begin  in 
1574.  The  oldest  book  has  by  way  of  cover  the  fragment 
of  an  old  missal.  It  was  rebound  by  the  present  Yicar 
and  Churchwardens  in  1902.  The  writing  is  neat  and 
clear,  though  a  little  faded  in  places,  and  is  evidently  in 
the  hand  of  a  scribe  employed  to  copy  from  an  original. 
The  first  entry  is  that  of  a  burial,  dated  June  6,  1574,  and 
all  are  burials  up  to  1593.  Following  1593  are  baptisms, 
which  again  end  with  1603,  these  being  succeeded  by 
"  Sepulti."  These  terminate  about  1636  and  are  followed 
by  another  set  beginning  with  April,  1664,  which  end  in 
1686,  and  are  succeeded  by  baptisms  in  1680  up  to  1687. 
There  are  only  a  few  marriages,  which  commence  in  1687, 
after  which  date  the  marriages,  burials,  and  baptisms  for 
each  year  follow  regularly  and  separately.  There  is  no 
attempt  in  the  County  Histories  at  any  list  of  Incumbents, 
but  the  following  names  have  been  discovered :  — 

Simon  Bell,  1578. 

This  is  the  date  of  his  burial  entry  in  the  Registers  :  — 
1578  Sepult  fiiit  Simo  Bell  Claricus  29  die  Junij. 

Robert  Fisher,  1578. 

The  Registers  are  again  our  authority  for  this,  and  he 
would  appear  to  have  held  the  living  for  a  few  months 
only:  — 

1578  Sepult  fuit  Robertas  ffisher  Claricus  24  die  Decembris. 

Foster  has  the  following :  "  Fisher  Robert,  s.  John,  of 
Braden  Thwayte,  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's  Coll.  Matric. 
4  Nov.,  1631,  aged  18."  ^  Bassenthwaite  is,  of  course, 
intended  by  "  Braden  Thwayte" ;  and  possibly  this  Robert 
Fisher  was  a  grandson  of  the  Yicar. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 


6/2 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


Thomas  Parker,  1592. 

The  following  also  from  the  Eegisters  :  — 
Sepult  fuit  Thomas  Parker  Clici  29  die  March   1592. 

Simon  Pearson,  1607. 

The  Registers  contain  quite  a  number  of  Pearson 
entries,  though  it  is  not  certain  that  all  relate  to  the 
person  in  question  :  — 

1607.     Sepulta   fuit   Margareta   pearson   filia    Simonis   Clici   11    die 
Novembris. 

1615.     Sepulta  fuit  Kethra  ( ?)  pearson  filia  8imoni  Pearson  clerico. 
Vicessimo    octavo    Aprilis. 

1616  Baptizatus  fuit  Isabella  Pearson  filia  Simonidi  pearson  clerico 
30  die  .  .  . 

1622  Baptizatus   fuit   Lancelotus  pearson  filius   Symonis   de  .  .  . 

1624  Baptizatus   fuit  Johannes  pearson  filius   Symonis   14   die   No- 
vembris. 

1626  Baptizatus  fuit  Symo  Pearson  filius  Symonis  Pearson  30  die 
Octobris. 

1630   Baptizatus  fuit   Richardus  Pearson  filius   Symonis  Pearson   3 
die   Novembris. 

Sepultus   fuit    Symo    Pearson   de  Northgrave    Septimo   die    \Tartij 
1631. 

1672  Sepultus  fuit  Simonidi  Peirson  de  Halls  ult  ffebruarij. 

EoBERT  Hewetson,  1649. 

The  authority  for  this  is  the  Commonwealth  Survey  for 

1649  as  follows  :  — - 
Bassenthwayte  alias  Bowhowkirke. 

The  present  Curate  is  Mr.  Roberte  Hewetson,  preaching  Minister 
putt  in  by  the  Comitte  of  this  Countye  of  Cumberland  and  received 
the  last  yeares  profitts  untill  the  xiiij  of  November  Last;  And  nowe 
Lett  by  us  to  Thomas  Radcliffe  of  Cockermouth  for  ye  enseueinge 
yeare  for  fifteene  pounds  hee  payeinge  the  Curate  wages,  findeinge 
Breade  and  Wine  and  deschardgeinge  all  other  Sesments  &  chardges.^ 
To  Mr.  Robert  Hewetson  for  serveinge  the  Cure  att  ye  Church  of 
Bassingthwaite  out  of  the  Rectory e  of  Bassinthwaite  ffowre  pounds 
sexe  shillings  Eight  pence  &c.* 

John  Forward,  1655. 

The  authority  for  this  is  the  Augmentation  List. 3 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   Surveys,  vol.  ii. 

2.  Ibid. 

3.  Vide  p.  1323 ;  also  pp.  565,  773,  for  additional  information  about 
Forward. 


Bassenth  waite  673 

William  Audrey,  1655 — 1680. 

Possibly  the  person  who  was  ordained  Deacon  May  23rd, 
1624,  being  then  "  literatus."  That  he  was  here  in  1655 
is  clear  from  the  following  :  — 

Bassenthwate.        Nov.    13,   1655. 

Whereas  ye  Curacy  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Bassenthwate  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  is  att  pret  destitute  of  a  Minister  &  Mr.  Wm. 
Ardrey  Ministr  of  ye  word  hath  applied  himselfe  to  these  Trustees 
for  his  Settlmt  in  the  said  Church.  It  is  ordered  yt  ye  said  Mr. 
Ardrey  be  setled  Minister  of  ye  said  Church.  Provided  he  first 
procure  ye  approbacon  of  ye  Comrs  for  approbacon  of  publique 
Preachers  in  yt  behalfe. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri.  Sydenham  Edw.  Hopkiais  Ra.   Hall  Jo.  Pocock.* 

Bassenthwait 

Wm.  Ardrey.     Know   all   men    by    &c    the   one    and  Order  Nov. 

twentieth  day  of  November  in  the  year  13,  — 55. 

one   thousand   six  hundred  ffifty  and 


five     There     was     exhibited     to     the  Wm.  Ardrey 

Comissionrs   for   approbation   of    publique    preachers  Cert,  as  aforesd 
An  order  of  the  Trustees  for  maintenance  of  Ministers  by 

whereby  Mr.   Wm.   Ardrey   is   setled    in  ye    Curacy  — — 

of  ye  parish  Church  of  Bassenthwayte  in  ye  County  Jo.  fforward  of 
of     Cumberland     Together     &c    approved    the    said        Bolton 

William   Ardrey    &c    doe  admitt  the    said    William  Jo.  Harrison  of 
Ardrey  to  the  cure  of  Bassenthwayt  aforesaid  to    be        Ireby 

full    and   perfect    possessor    and    Incumbent    thereof  per.Radcliffe  of 
and  &c.  Crosthwite 

In  Witnesse   &c.   Dated   at  Whitehall  the  Rich,  ffletcher 
2l8t  day  of  November  1655."  of  Distington 

John  Woods. 


Bassenthwaite.  November   22,  1655. 

Whereas  the  Curacy  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Bassenthwaite  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  is  at  psent  destitute  of  a  minister  and  the 
Care  of  provideing  for  the  same  is  in  these  Trustees  It  is  ordered 
tljat  Mr.  Willm  Ardrey  approved  by  ye  Comrs  for  approbacon  of 
publique  preachers  to  bee  a  pson  fitt  to  preach  the  Gospell  doe  and 
hee  is  hereby  Authorized  forthwith  to  officiate  the  Cure  of  the  said 
Church  by  diligent  preaching  and  instructing  the  Parishioners  of  the 
said  Parish  and  that  hee  shall  have  for  his  paines  therein  the  yearely 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.   Min.)  1008. 

2.  Ibid.,  996. 

A  R 


674 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


smnme  of  Twenty  pounds  &  fl&ve  Shillings  out  of  the  profits  of  the 
Impropriate  Rectory  of  Bassenthwaite  aforesaid  to  bee  accoted  from 
this  psent  22  day  of  November  and  to  bee  from  time  to  time 
continued  and  paid  unto  ye  said  Mr.  Ardrey  for  such  time  as  hee  shall 
descharge  the  duty  of  the  Minister  of  the  said  place  or  untill  further 
Order  of  the  said  Trustees  And  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Receiver  is 
appointed  to  pay  the  same  unto  him  accordingly  togeather  wth  all 
arreares  to  him  due  out  of  the  prmisses  since  ye  aforesd  May  last. 

John  Thorowgood  Ri.  Sydenham  John  Humfrey  John  Pococke  Ra. 
HaU.' 

Bassenthwaite. 
dd    Mr.    Wood. 

(27).  July  1,   1657. 

Whereas  the  Curacy  of  the  parish  Church  of  Bassenthwaite  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  being  at  the  provcon  of  these  Trustees  These 
Trustees  have  Setled  Mr.  William  Ardrey  (approved  according  to  the 
Ordinance  for  approbacon  of  publique  preachers)  Minister  of  the  said 
place  And  have  Graunted  him  the  yearely  Sume  of  ffower  and  twenty 
poundes  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Rectory  of  Bassenthwaite  aforesd 
It  is  ordered  that  the  further  Siune  of  Ten  poundes  a  year  be  and 
the  same  is  hereby  Graunted  to  and  for  a  further  increase  of 
Maintennce  to  the  said  Mr.  Ardrey  And  that  the  same  be  from  time 
to  time  paid  unto  him  for  such  time  as  he  shall  descharge  the  duty 
of  the  Minister  of  the  said  place  or  untill  further  ordr  of  these 
Trustees  out  of  ye  tithes  of  Upmanby  and  Allhallowes  in  ye  sd 
County  to  be  accompted  from  ye  24th  of  June  1657  and  that  Mr. 
Edmund  Branthwite  Recr  doe  pay  the  same  unto  him  accordingly. 
Edw.  Cressett  Jo.  Pocock  Richard  Yong  Rich.  Sydenham  Ralph  Hall.* 

William  Ardrey  seems  to  have  kept  undisturbed  posses- 
sion of  the  living  until  his  death  in  1680.  The  Registers 
give  the  following  :  — 

1680  Sepultus  fuit  William  Ardrey  Gierke  de  bassenth.  23 
January. 

1681  Sepulta  fuit  Mabella  Ardrey  quarto  die  Octobris. 

John  Pearson,  1680 — 1685. 

Doubtless  connected  with  Simon  Pearson,  a  previous 
Incumbent.  The  following  Pearson  entries  have  been 
found  in  the  Registers :  — 

1682  Bapt.  fuit  Maria  filia  Joh.   Pearson  Cur.  decimo  2d  Janu. 
Bapt  fuit  Maria  filia  Joh.  Pearson  par.  2d  die  ffeb.   (82). 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.  Min.),  972. 

2.  Ibid.,  993. 


Bassenth  waite  675 

1684  Bapt.  fuit  Elzabetha  fil.   Joh.   Pearson  Cur.  9mo  die  Sep. 
1689  Xtnings  John  Son  of  John  Pearson  of  Northrow  the  same  day 
April  24th. 
Marriages  1692 

John  pearson  of  this  parish  &  Dorothy  ffisher  of  Seckmurthery 
marryed  June  vj. 

Jolin  Pearson's  own  burial  entry  reads  tlius  :  — 

Interd  John  Pearson  Clarke  of  the  paresh  of  Bassenthwaite  16  day 
of  Aperall  in  1685. 

A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Ambleside  in  1669.^ 
John  Todd,  1687—1705. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  21st,  1673,  and 
licensed  Curate  Sept.  27,  1687.  At  tbe  foot  of  the  page  of 
the  Registers  for  1694  appears  the  following :  — 

Memorandu.  that  there  is  due  to  ye  Rector  or  Curate  3s  4d  for 
all  Buryed  in  the  body  of  the  Church  and  6s  8d  for  those  buryed 
in  the  Chancell  beside  the  usuall  ffee  for  Burying  tho  I  usually 
abated   them  near  one  half 

John  Todd    Curate 

John  Cape 
J.    Studdart       Chwardens. 

In  the  margin  by  another  hand  is  the  following :  — 
2s  6d  p  keeping  ye  Regester  12d  p  pound  for  offerings. 

The  second  volume  of  the  Registers  begins  with  1702  and 
under  burials  we  have  the  following  :  — 

1705  Mr.  John  Todd  Mintr  of  Bassenthwaite  Buried  ye  27th  day 
of  May. 

Peter  Gregory,  1708 — 1719. 

He  was  instituted  Dec.  9,  1708;  and  the  reader  is 
referred  to  the  accounts  of  Uldale  and  Cockermouth  for 
information  respecting  him.^  His  burial  entry  is  thus 
given  in  the  Registers  :  — 

1719  Mr.  Peter  Gregory  Curate  of  Basswtht  et  Uldale  buried 
August  16  ano  Dni   1719. 

Stephen  Grove,  1729—1763. 

He  is  named  as  Curate  of  Bassenthwaite  in  the  Isel 

1.  Vide  p.  1055. 

2.  Vide  pp.  557,  703. 


676  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Registers  for  1729,  and  his  burial  appears  in  the  Bassen- 
thwaite  Registers  thus  :  — 

Mr.   Stephen  Grove  Curate  of  Bassenthwte  Burd.   Aprl   16th   1763. 

The  Registers  give  the  name  of  Abraham  Brown  "  a 
Taberdar  of  Queen's  Coll.  Oxon."  He  was  buried  here 
November  28th,  1706.  Foster  says  that  he  was  the  son  of 
"  Sim.  of  Bassenthwaite,  Cumberland,  pp.  Queen's  Coll. 
Matric.  20  Feb.  1700-1,  aged  19;   B.A.  1705."  ^ 

1.   Al.   Ox. 


Y.     EMBLETON. 

Formerly  this  was  a  Chapelry  in  the  large  and  ancient 
Parish  of  Brigham.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cuthbert, 
and  is  about  half  a  mile  to  the  right  of  the  Embleton  rail- 
way station.  The  earliest  Register  book  is  of  parchment, 
and  in  several  places  quite  faded.  On  the  outside  page  may 
be  detected  the  date  1624 ;  but  inside  lately  inked  over  is 
1626.  The  volume  goes  up  to  1732.  The  entries  as  far  as 
1660  are  not  numerous,  and  many  of  them  are  somewhat 
indistinct.  The  County  Histories  are  silent  in  reference 
to  the  Incumbents  here.  Walker  gives  in  his  list  of 
"Suffering  Clergy"  Wm.  Cox  of  "  Embleston "  which 
he  places  under  Cumberland.  In  the  margin,  however, 
he  queries  whether  this  is  not  in  Northumberland. 
Such  is  the  case,  the  said  "William  Cox  being  presented 
to  the  living  there  by  Merton  College,  of  which  he  was  a 
graduate.^ 

The  following  are  the  only  names  that  have  been 
discovered :  — 

Oeorge  Messenger,  1674. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  20th,  1674,  and  is 
given  as  of  "  Cest.  Dio."^  In  the  Registers  appears  the 
following :  — 

Georgius   Messenger   fuit    Curate   apud  Embleton. 

The  date  is  not  given.  His  marriage  with  "  Mabell 
Sibson  "  on  the  "  ij  of  November  anoq.  Horn.  1673  "  is 
noted  in  the  Registers.  At  the  Bishop's  Visitation,  June 
30th,  1674,  he  appeared  and  exhibited  both  as  Curate  and 
■"Ludimagister,"  being  licensed  in  the  latter  capacity  on 
April  28th,  1674,  by  Chr.  Matteson  "Surrogate  Comry."  to 

1.  Walker,  Pt.  ii,  p.   215  :  Foster's  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Episcopal  Eegister. 


678 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


teach  boys  "Anglice. 
tion  for  1676/7  :  — 


He  signed  the  following  Presenta- 


Embleton,  1676-7. 

Our  Chappel  yard  is  well  fenced  for  Keeping  out  swine  &c.  Neither 
is  there  any  encroachmt  made  thereon,  nor  any  Excommunicate  pson 
buryed  therein. 

Our  Minister  being  but  Deacon  always  pcures  a  minister  in  full 
Orders  to  Administer  the  holy  Sacramt.     And  he  baptizes  none  but 

with   God   fathers   &   God   mothers he  is  of  a   good   life,   is 

allowed  by  ye  Bishopp,  his  allowance  is  but  5li  7s.  per  Anum  &  he 
is  Episcopally   ordained. 

George  Messenger  Curat,  i 

The  following  are  additional  Messenger  entries  from  the 

Registers :  — 

Gulielmus  ]Messenger  filius  Georgii  Messenger  Curati  in  Embleton 
Baptizatus  fuit  21  mo.   die  Novembris  Anoq.  Dom.   1677. 

Elizabeth  Messenger  ye  daughter  of  George  Messenger  Curate  was 
Baptized  ye  28th  of  November  1680. 

1684  Mary  Messenger  the  daughter  of  George  Messenger  was  bapt. 
the  13th  of  August  Ano  Dni.  1684. 

Messenger  is  a  local  name,  and  it  frequently  appears  in 
the  Cockermouth  Congregational  Church  Book. 

William  Lancaster,  1718. 

He  signs  as  Curate  in  this  year. 

William  Wright,  1729. 

He  is  mentioned  as  Curate  of  Embleton  in  the  Registers 
for  this  year. 

L.  RuMNEY,  1743. 

He  was  instituted  on  the  resignation  of  Wright. 

T.  Fisher,  1744. 

Instituted  on  the  resignation  of  Rumney. 

The  district  is  particularly  interesting,  because  it  was 
here  that  George  Larkham,  the  Ejected  Minister  of 
Cockermouth,  visited  frequently  during  the  days  of  his 
exile  from  his  people.  Here  also  was  a  little  band  of 
Nonconformists  to  whom  these  visits  were  very  welcome. 

1.  Lancaster  Transcripts. 


Embleton  679 

The  Cass  and  Hudson  families  were  among  the  number, 
and  the  following  entries  in  the  Registers  relate  to  them. : 

Nupt  Gulielmus  Kothery  de  Wadrigge  de  Embleton  et  Maria 
Hudson  filia  Johannis  Hudson  de  Cragge  in  Setmurther  nupti  fuere 
...  die  Julij   1661  p.   Gul.   Ardrey  Cleri. 

John  Cass  of  Shoaton  was  buryed  the  23rd  day  of  October  Anq 
Dom.   1675. 

Isabel!  Cass  Widow  was  buried  the  6th  day  of  December  1684. 

John  Cass  the  son  of  John  Cass  was  baptized  the  first  day  of  May 
1687. 

John  Cass  buried  the  3rd  day  of  March  1704. 

The  Rev.  P.  N.  Kennedy  of  Wythop,  in  an  address,  in 
1904,  says :  "  John  Hudson  of  Setmurthy  passed  away  in 
1672,  a  pronounced  Nonconformist,  and  lived  in  a  house 
now  occupied  by  W.  Ellwood,  The  Cragg.  The  Initials 
are  over  the  doorway.  There  the  Rev.  George  Larkham 
preached  and  Thomas  Larkham  his  father.  The 
Independents  held  meetings  at  Embleton  and  Setmurthy." 

It  appears  also  that  a  place  was  found  in  the  Embleton 
Registers  for  marriages  in  the  "  Cockermouth  Meeting 
House":  — 

Lancelot  Yowherd  and  Anne  Boutch  were  married  at  the  Meeting 

house  of  Cockermoth  the  11th  day  of  July  Annoq  Dni  1704. 
John  Addison   &  Anne  ffisher  were  married  at  ye  meeting  house 

of  Cockermouth  the  15  day  of  June  Anoq.  Dni  1704. 


VIII.     THE  COCKERMOUTH   GROUP. 

I.     COCKEEMOUTH. 

This  was  formerly  a  Chapelry  of  the  large  and  important 
Parish  of  Brigham ;  consequently  in  the  period  with  which 
we  are  concerned  it  was  of  quite  secondary  importance.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  All  Saints.  The  Registers  begin 
in  1632  and  are  well  kept;  the  Churchwardens'  Accounts 
commence  in  1668.  The  first  volume  of  the  Registers  is  a 
small,  parchment  book,  recently  bound,  having  the  follow- 
ing upon  the  outside  cover:  — 

Cockermouth  Eegisters,  Births,  Marriages  and  Burials  From  1632 
to  1650,  Rebound  1804. 

It  is  in  good  condition,  few  of  the  entries  being  faded, 
while  the  writing  is  neat  and  clear.  The  following 
appears  inside :  — 

A  True  Register  of  all  the  Christenings  Marages  and  Burials  which 
happened  at  our  church  of  Cockermouth  since  Anno  Domini   1632. 

The  second  volume  bears  upon  the  outside  the  following : 

Cockermouth  Register  of  Births  &  Burials  lo54 — 1700.  Rebound 
1802. 

Within  as  follows  :  — 

A  true  and  Perfect  Register  of  all  Mariages  and  Burialls  and  of 
all  Birthes  or  Baptism es  yt  were  given  in  unto  me  which  happened 
in  the  parish  of  Cockermouth  since  the  14th  day  of  January  1654. 

In  all  probability  it  was  the  work  of  Peter  Murthwaite, 
the  Schoolmaster,  his  neat  and  beautiful  hand  being  quite 
a  feature  of  the  Grilcrux  Registers,  whose  living  he 
subsequently  held.^  The  County  Historians  are  of  little 
use  to  us  in  relation  to  this  place,  as  will  afterwards 
appear.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

1.  Vide  p.  732. 


682  The    Ejected   of   1662 

Peter  Hudson,  before  1649. 

The  Registers  are  the  authority  for  this  name,  as 
follows  :  — 

1649   Edward   the    sonne   of   Mr.    Peter    Hudson    late    Minister  of 

Cockermouth    was    slaine    at    the    farre    old    Milne    and   was   buried 

January  30th  day  1649/50. 

This  was  during  the  Siege  of  Cockermouth  by  the 
Parliamentary  Army,  which  was  preceded  by  a  serious 
epidemic  of  sickness.  The  Registers  give  evidence  of  the 
severity  of  both  these  experiences  in  the  following  among 
other  entries  :  — 

Buryalls   1647. 

The   visitation   begins   in   Cockermouth   July   3rd,    1647   whereof   & 

in  wch  tyme  these  dyed 

Francis    Benson,   Lucy   his    wife    Richard    theire    Son,    Margarett 

Benson,     John     Addison,     Willm     Biggrigge,     Jane     Benson     theire 

Servants. 

All  these  died  in  1647,  and  the  entries  are  followed  thus : 

By  reason  of  the  Sicknesse  and  the  Seige  diverse  were  neglected  to 
be  Registred  in  due  Course,  but  as  many  as  gave  in  their  Children's 
names  are   Sett  downe  as  followeth. 

The  Seige  was  laid  agt  Cockermouth  Castle  August  1648  and  the 
Castle  was  releived  the  29th  September  in  wch  time  were  slaine  of 
the  Beseigers  : — 

Several  names  are  here  given,  the  following  being  among 
the  number  :  — 

a  Trumpeter  in  Mr.  Tickell  loft. 

Myles  fRsher  of  Cockermouth  shot  about  the  quenching  of  Mr. 
ffearon   bake  house.     Capt.   John   Hobson   shot  on   Cockerbridge. 

We  have  no  means  of  ascertaining  the  length  of  the 
period  during  which  Peter  Hudson  held  the  living;  but 
from  the  wording  in  the  Registers  it  is  clear  that  he  had 
either  died  or  removed  before  1649.  The  Hudsons  were 
numerous  in  Cumberland  and  Westmorland,  and  there  was 
a  Peter  Hudson  at  Gosforth  from  1628  to  1645. ^ 

Robert  Rickerby, 1650  (?). 

In  1647  there  was  a  person  of  this  name  at  Raughton 

1.  Vide  p.  838. 


Cockermouth  683 

Head/  who  was  ordered  to  submit  himself  to  the 
Lancashire  Classical  Presbytery  for  examination;  and 
appearances  point  to  him  as  the  Robert  Rickerby  with 
whom  we  meet  at  Cockermouth  shortly  afterwards.  His 
marriage  with  Jane  Hastie,  daughter  of  the  Penrith 
Yicar,  in  1647/8,  is  given  in  the  Penrith  Registers.  Not 
one  of  the  County  Historians  gives  the  date  of  his  appoint- 
ment to  Cockermouth,  though  Hutchinson  seems  to  hint  at 
1640.  That,  however,  is  quite  wrong,  as  is  evident  from 
what  has  been  said  about  Peter  Hudson.  Robert 
Rickerby  was  sequestered  from  the  Cockermouth  living, 
though  Walker  makes  no  mention  of  him;  and  the  date 
in  this  case  again  is  not  forthcoming.  Probably,  however, 
it  was  about  1650,  as,  in  1651,  his  successor  had  been 
appointed.  An  extremely  interesting  little  fact  appears 
in  the  Augmentation  Lists  for  1656,  &c.  ^  It  is  to  the 
effect  that  "  Robert  Rickerbie  Mr.  [Schoolmaster]  Cross- 
thwaite  School,"  was  in  receipt  of  "£15:0:00" 
Augmentation;  and  the  Lambeth  MS.  of  a  few  months' 
earlier  date  deals  with  the  matter  still  more  fully  (vide 
p.  658).  It  is  not  absolutely  certain  that  this  was  the 
Sequestered  Minister  of  Cockermouth,  but  it  is  almost  so. 

The  Crosthwaite  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

Baptisms  1651 

Februarij  Robert  Richarby  Son  of  Robert  &  Jane  of  Keswick. 

The  burial  of  Jane,  the  Cockermouth  Minister's  wife, 
appears  later;  similarly  that  of  Robert  Rickerby,  a  son, 
who  was  an  Oxford  graduate.  His  age  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  in  1675,  is  given  as  23,  which  about  corresponds 
with  that  of  his  baptism ;  and  Foster  says  that  he  was  the 
son  of  Robert,  of  Cockermouth,  "cler,"  that  he  matricu- 
lated Queen's  Coll.  July  1,  1670,  at  the  age  of  17  years, 
taking  his  B.A.  in  1674,  about  a  year  before  his  death.  ^ 
Robert  Rickerby,  senior,  appears  among  the  signatories  to 
Percival  Radcliffe's  Certificate  at  Crosthwaite  in  1654, 
The  evidence  for  identity  is  practically  conclusive;  and, 

1.  Vide  p.  502. 

2.  Vide  p.   1314. 

3.  Al.   Ox. 


684 


The   Ejected   of   1662 


if  lie  was  able  to  hold  the  position  of  Schoolmaster  during 
these  years,  it  is  clear  that  he  was  not  very  hardly  pressed 
by  the  ruling  powers. 

John  Macmillan,  1650. 

This  is  a  conjecture  only  based  upon  the  following 
facts.  In  the  Musgrave  Tracts  there  is  a  reference  to  the 
Scottish  Minister  at  Cockermouth,  but  unfortunately  the 
nam©  is  withheld.^  In  the  same  Tracts,  John  Macmillan 
is  spoken  of  as  a  Scot,  and  in  this  case  no  place  is  assigned 
to  him.  The  Cockermouth  Registers,  also,  contain  the 
following  :  — 

1650-1  Jane  the  daughter  of  Mr.   John  Mackmillion  was  baptized 
ffebruary  2d   dayi 

It  would,  therefore,  appear  that  he  held  the  living  for  a 
brief  period  after  the  Sequestration  of  Robert  Rickerby.^ 

George  Larkham,  M.A.,  1651 — 1660. 

Neither  Calamy  nor  Palmer  does  justice  to  this  man, 
whose  influence  upon  Nonconformity  in  the  north  can 
scarcely  be  over  estimated.  He  has  been  fittingly  called 
"  the  star  of  the  North  " ;  and  perhaps,  next  to  Richard 
Gilpin,  he  is  the  most  interesting  of  all  the  Ejected 
Ministers  in  this  area.  In  many  respects  he  was  Gilpin's 
superior,  though  it  is  scarcely  proper  to  compare  two  men 
so  essentially  different.  His  strong  personality  was  in 
large  measure  a  replica  of  his  father's.  This  was  Thomas 
Larkham,  M.A.,  born  at  Lyme,  Dorsetshire  May  4th,  1601, 
and  educated  at  Jesus  College,  Cambridge.  Thomas 
Larkham  married  on  June  22nd,  1622,  Patience,  daughter 
of  George  Wilton,  Schoolmaster  of  Crediton.  There 
were  four  children  by  this  marriage :  Thomas,  who  died 
in  1648,  in  the  West  Indies ;  George,  the  Cockermouth 
Minister;  Patience,  who  married  Lieut.  Miller,  and  died 
in  Ireland  in  1656 ;  and  Jane,  who  married  Daniel  Condy 
of  Tavistock.  Thomas  Larkham  was  a  man  of  intense 
Puritan  sympathies,  belonged   to   the   advanced  wing   of 

1.  Vide  p.  626. 

2.  Vide  p.  441. 


Cockermouth  685 

Nonconformity,  and  was  frequently  in  trouble  in  conse- 
quence. Calamy  says  that  "  in  a  little  Time  he  had  been  a 
Sufferer  in  almost  all  the  Courts  of  England^'  In  1626 
he  was  Yicar  of  Northam,  Devon,  and  his  son,  Thomas, 
who  matriculated,  jS'ew  Inn  Hall,  Oxford,  March  2nd, 
1637-8,  at  the  age  of  14  years,  is  described  as  of  this  place. ^ 
For  some  time  he  was  chaplain  to  Sir  Hardress  Waller's 
Regiment,  and  held  other  military  appointments.  He 
speaks  of  receiving  "  Hi  3s "  in  1651  "  upon  a  muster  in 
Carlisle  for  my  men  " ;  and,  on  June  11th,  1652,  he  got 
"11  days'  paie  due  to  me "  from  Ebthery  at  Bristol, 
"  they  about  to  take  ship "  for  Ireland.  His  troubles 
during  the  Commonwealth  were  little  less  than  they  had 
been  in  the  days  of  Laud  and  Strafford ;  and  while  he  was 
at  Tavistock,  whence  he  was  eventually  ejected,  he  was  the 
centre  of  almost  ceaseless  storm.  ^ 

Thomas  Larkham's  spirit  lived  afresh  in  his  son,  George. 
Calamy  says  that  his  father  "  bred  him  in  Dorchester- 
School,  and  afterwards  sent  him  to  Cambridge,  where  he 
was  of  Trinity  College."  3  It  appears,  however,  from 
Thomas  Larkham's  Diary,  that  George  Larkham  received 
some  part,  at  least,  of  his  education  at  Oxford.     He  says  : 

1650/1  Feb.  18.  Delivered  yesterday  to  the  younger  sonne  of 
Bartlett  to  be  dd  [delivered]  to  George  at  Oxford,  5li ;  for  carriage 
of  it  &  of  a  letter  Is  lOd— 05  :  01  :  10. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  In  the  Transactions  of  the  Devonshire  Association  for  the  Advance- 
ment of  Science,  &c.,  for  1892,  is  a  lengthy  article  on  Thomas  Larkham 
by  Mrs.  G.  H.  Radford.  The  writer  has  accumulated  a  considerable 
amount  of  information  about  him,  but  the  aim  throughout  appears  to 
be  to  set  him  in  the  least  favourable  light.  It  is  long  since  I  read  an 
article  so  obviously  unfair.  On  the  flimsiest  evidence  she  accepts  the 
charge  against  him  of  immorality  during  his  residence  in  America. 
The  charge  is  repeated  in  her  article  in  the  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography.  The  article  is  in  reality  a  caricature  of  a  good,  though 
eccentric  man,  whose  spirit  and  character  the  writer  entirely  misunder- 
stands. 

3.  Vol.  ii,  p.   158. 


686  The    Ejected    of   1662 

1650/1  Delivered  to  George,  March  20th  going  to  Oxford  5li  00  00 
whereof  4li  was  borrowed  of  Ed.  Condy  &  the  other  20s  out  of  my 
stock. 

The  49th  yeare  of  mine  age  ended  August  17,  1651,  in  wch  1 
Eeceived  in  all  66li  :  18s  :  2d.  I  had  nothings  out  of  the  Sheaf e  of 
Lamerton  this  yeare,  yet  was  it  a  chargeable  yeare  by  meanes  of  my 
Sonne  George,  to  whom,  besides  his  expenses  in  Oxford  and  charges 
of  degres  of  Batcholar  I  gave  20li  at  his  going  into  Cumberland. 

Foster  also  has  the  following :  "  '  Serv '  Son  of  Thomas 
of  East  Greenwich,  Kent,  pleb.  Exeter  Coll.  matric.  9 
April  1647;  aged  17;  B.A.  17  Oct.  1650;  perhaps  M.A 
from  Trinity  Coll.  Cambridge,  ejected  from  the  ministry 
at  Cockermouth  1662  for  nonconformity;  died  26  Dec. 
1700  aged  71."  ^ 

The  passage  from  Thomas  Larkham's  Diary  just  cited 
fixes  the  date  of  George  Larkham's  appointment  to 
Cockermouth.  The  Congregational  Church  here  was 
formed  in  October  of  the  same  year  as  the  Church  Book 
shows  :  — 

Oct.  2,  1651.  The  Foundacon  of  this  pticlr  Church  was  laid  in 
the  Toune  of  Cockermouth  the  day  &  yeare  menconed  in  the  margent, 
through  the  instigaon  of  Mr.  Thomas  Larkham  Pastr  of  ye  Church 
of  Xt  at  Tavistock,  in  Devon ;  A  blessed  instrumt  in  promving  and 
Furthering  so  good  a  work.  The  foundaon  stones  (i.e.,  the  first 
stones  of  this  House  of  God  1  Tim.  iii.  15)  were  these  seven  poor 
unworthy  ones  George  Larkham,  George  Benson,  Roger  Fieldhouse, 
Thomas  Blethwaite,  John  Woods,  Richard  Bowes,  and  Thomas 
Jackson.  These  seven,  after  Solemne  invocaon  of  God,  and  mutual 
satisfacon,  each  in  other,  agreed  in  the  ensuing  hiunble  confession  and 
engagement  &c.  2 

On  the  28th  of  January,  1651-2,  he  was  ordained  "  by 
the  imposion  of  the  hands  of  three  ordained  presbyters 
then  present  (called  by  the  church  to  that  worke  for 
feare  of  offending  the  godly  brethren  of  ye  Presbyteriall 
way),  he  having  first  accepted  of  their  unanimous  & 
solemne  call  in  the  face  of  a  very  great  assembly  in  ye 
publicke  meeting   place   at   Cockermth."     The   ordainers 

1.  AI.  Ox. 

2.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 


Cockermouth  687 

were  Thomas  Larkham  his  father,  George  Benson  of  Bride- 
kirk,  and  Gawin  Eaglesfield  of  Plumbland.  It  will  be 
noted  that  Thomas  Larkham's  stay  in  these  parts  extended 
over  several  months,  and  that  the  date  of  his  visit 
coincides  with  the  one  previously  given  when  his  men 
were  mustered  in  Carlisle. 

The  Commissioners  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in 
the  Four  Northern  Counties  thus  report  concerning  George 
Larkham  :  — 

Newcastle 
upon  Tyne. 

By  the  Comrs  appointed  by  an  Act  of  Parliament  bearing  date  ye 
first  day  of  March  1649  for  ye  better  propagacon  of  the  Gospell  in 
the  fower  Northern  Counties  of  Northumberland,  Cumberland, 
Westmorland  and  Durham  ye  third  day  of  Noyember  1652. 

Cockermouth.  Whereas  Mr.  Georg  Larkham  being  comended  for  a 
godly  &  painefuU  preacher  &  of  able  gifts  and  Knowledg  for  ye  work 
of  the  Ministry  and  of  approved  Conversacon  for  piety  hath  come 
before  us  &  upon  tryall  &  examinacon  of  his  gifts  by  divers  godly 
Ministers  according  to  ye  direcon  of  ye  Parliamt  is  found  fitt  to 
preach  ye  Gospell  of  Jesus  Christ  &  to  be  duely  qualified  and  gifted 
for  ye  holy  employmt  These  are  therefore  by  vertue  of  ye  power  & 
authority  to  us  given  by  ye  Parliamt  to  appoint  and  Constitute  ye 
said  Mr.  Georg  Larkham  Minister  of  Cockermouth  in  ye  County  of 
Cmnberland  And  he  is  hereby  appointed  &  Constituted  Minester  of 
Cockermouth  aforesaid  And  for  his  Support  and  maintennce  It  is 
hereby  appointed  &  ordered  yt  ye  stipend  paid  by  ye  Lady  ffletcher  to 
ye  Minister  of  Cockermouth,  ye  tithes  of  Iveggill  &  ye  rents  in  ye 
Schedule  hereunto  annexed  expressed  and  contained  wth  all  other 
dues  &  profits  belonging  to  ye  Minr  of  Cockermouth  be  vested  & 
settled  upon  ye  said  Mr.  Georg  Larkham  &  he  is  hereby  invested  in 
ye  same  &  as  lawfully  seized  thereof  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  if 
he  had  beene  instituted  &  inducted  according  to  any  former  Course  of 
Law. 

Tho.  Chomley  Thc|  Langhome,    Cuth   Studholme  Geo  Dawson   Wm. 
ffenwick  Will  Vane   Hen.    Horsley  Jo.   Ogle,  Lu.   Rillingworth  Robt 
Hutton  Ed.  Winter  Tho.  Craister. 
Ex.  &  entd. 
Ant.  Parsons. 

A  Rentall  for  Mr.   Geo.  Larkham. 
1644. 


688 


The   Ejected   of    1662 


Mich,  et  Lady 
Mich,  et  Lady 
Eents  due  at 
Martmas 


Rents  dew  at 
Andrew  Day 
rents  due  at 
ye  nativity  of 
or  Lord  God 
rents  at 
Thanunciacon 


rents  due 
at  Easter 
rents  at 
Pentecost 


Spirituallites 

Ruthland  Swaden  p  tithe  wool  &  Lamb 

Chris.  Dobson  p  Unthanke  &  Skiprig 

Geo  Dalston  p  tithes  of  Dalston 

Mrs.  Scott  p.  Linstock  tithes 

Tho  Browham  p  tithes  of  brumsketh 

Mr.  Wm.  Carleton  p  Newton  tithes 

ye  tithes  of  Cardew 

Sr  ffrancis  Howard  p  tithes  of  Penreth 


03 
00 
00 
02 
01 
03 
01 
20 


Wm  Briscoe  p  tithes  of  Stanix 
Comersdall  &   Cronnston 

Ruthland  Swaden  p  tithe  wool  &  Lamb 

in  Dalston 
Sr  Geo  Dalston  p  litle  Dalston 
Chris  Dobson  p  Unthanke  &  Skiprigg 
Idem  p  tithes  of  Penreth 
Willm  Briscoe  p  tithes  of  Stanix 

Cumersdall 
Mrs   Scott  p  Hnstocke   tithes 
Tho  Browham  p  bransketh  & 

Mawby  tithes 
Cardew  tithes 

Mr  Willm  Carleton  p  Newton  tithes 
Arlecdon  tithe 
Jnerdale  tithes 


;  06  :  08 

10  :  00 

11  :  08 
00  :  00 
00  :  00 

;  06  :  00 
; 13  :  04 
03:04 


01  :  00  :  00 


06  :08 
11  :08 
10:00 
03:04 

00  :00 
00  :04 

00  :00 
13:04 
:06  :  08 
06:08 
13  :04 


57  : 03  :  04 

Tho  Craister,  Cuth  :  Studholme, 
Tho  Langhorne  Jo  Crosthwaite 

Edw.   Winter.' 

The   following  documents  supply  further  information 
about  him  and  his  living  :  — 

Cockermouth.  January   15th,   1654. 

According  to  an  Ordr  of  ye  Comrs  for  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in  ye 
fower  Northerne  Covmties  of  ye  third  day  of  November  1652  It  is 
ordered  yt  ye  yearely  Sume  of  fifty  Seaven  poundes  three  Shillinges 
&  fower  pence  be  &  ye  Same  is  hereby  Continued  unto  Mr.  Georg 
Larkham   Minister   of    Cockermouth    in    ye   County    of    Cumberland 


1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min),  1006. 


Cockermouth  689 

(approved  &c)  out  of  ye  rents  &  profitts  of  ye  tithes  hereafter 
menconed  (vizt)  ye  yearely  surne  of  Six  poundes  thirteene  shillinges 
&  fower  pence  out  of  ye  tithes  of  Rushland  &  Swaden  &  ye  yearely 
sume  of  one  pound  out  of  ye  tithes  of  Unthank  and  Skyrigg  &  ye 
yearely  Sume  of  one  pound  three  shillinges  &  fower  pence  out  of  ye 
profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Little  Dalston  &  ye  yearely  Sume  of  two 
poundes  out  of  ye  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Stannix  Comersdall  & 
Bromston  &  ye  yearely  sume  of  Twenty  poundes  six  shillinges  & 
eight  pence  out  of  the  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Penreth  &  ye  yearely 
Sume  of  Six  poundes  &  thirteen  Shillinges  &  fower  pence  out  of  ye 
profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Cadiew  &  ye  yearely  Sume  of  five  poundes  & 
six  shillinges  &  eight  pence  out  of  ye  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Arlingdon 
&  ye  yearely  Sume  of  fower  poundes  thirteene  Shillinges  &  fower 
pence  out  of  ye  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Inerdale  &  ye  yeariey  Sume  of 
fower  poundes  out  of  ye  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Lynstock  &  ye  yearely 
sume  of  two  poundes  out  of  ye  profits  of  ye  tithes  of  Brunsketh  & 
Mawby  being  all  within  ye  County  of  Ctmiberland  &  in  all  amounting 
to  ye  yearely  sume  of  fifty  Seaven  poundes  three  shillinges  &  fower 
pence  ye  same  to  be  continued  &  payd  to  ye  said  Mr.  Larkham  from 
time  to  time  for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  ye  duty  of  ye 
Minister  of  ye  said  place  or  till  further  ordr  of  ye  said  Trustees 
togeather  wth  all  arreares  of  ye  said  yearely  sume  of  fifty  Seaven 
poundes  three  shillinges  and  fower  pence  to  him  due  out  of  ye 
pmisses  by  order  of  ye  Comrs  aforesaid  of  ye  third  of  November  1652. 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri  Sydenham  Jo.  Humfrey  E.  Hopkins  Ra  Hall 
Rich.  Yong.i 

Cockermouth 

&  May  14.   1655. 

Bridkirk. 

Ordered  yt  ye  Clark  deliver  up  ye  Originall  ordrs  of  ye  Comrs  for 
ye  flower  Northerne  Counties  to  ]\Ir.  Geo.  Larkham  Minr.  of  Cocker- 
mouth in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  &  to  Mr.  Geo.  Benson  ^linr.  of 
Bridkirk  in  ye  said  County  keeping  true  Copyes  of  ye  Same.^ 

George  Larkliam's  marriage  at  Bridekirk  to  Dorothy, 
eldest  daughter  of  Lancelot  Fletcher  of  Tallentire  Hall, 
is  thus  recorded  in  the  Registers  of  that  Church :  — 
1652  Sept.  29  Georgius  Larkham  et  Dorothea  ffletcher  nupt. 
Through  this  marriage  he  became  connected,  directly  or 
indirectly,  with  Richard  Gilpin,  whose  eldest  son,  William,, 
married     Mary,     eldest     daughter    of    Henry    Fletcher; 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  972. 

2.  Ibid.,  1008. 

A  S 


690 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Nathaniel  Burnand,  the  Ejected  Minister  of  Brampton, 
who  married  Margaret  Gilpin,  sister  to  Richard ;  Matthias 
Partis,  who  married  (1)  Susannah  Gilpin,  daughter  of 
Richard,  and  (2)  Ann,  daughter  of  Henry  Fletcher, 
through  whom  Tallentire  Hall  came  into  the  possession 
of  Matthias  Partis ;  Jerome  Waterhouse,  Rector  of  Grey- 
stoke,  Gilpin's  wife  being  the  Rector's  granddaughter,  and 
even  with  Bishop  Nicolson. 

George  Fox's  visit  to   Cockermouth  and  Brigham,   in 
1653,  is  named  elsewhere.^     In  addition  he  says  :  — 

On  first  day  I  went  to  the  steeple-house  at  Cockermouth  where  priest 
Larkham  lived.  When  he  had  done  I  began  to  speak,  and  the  people 
began  to  be  rude  :  but  the  soldiers  told  them  we  had  broken  no  law,  and 
they  became  quiet.  Then  I  turned  to  the  priest,  and  laid  him  open 
among  the  false  prophets  and  hirelings  :  at  which  word  he  went  his  way 
saying  "he  calls  me  hireling,"  which  was  true;  all  the  people  knewit.2 

This  visit  was  preceded  by  one  to  Embleton  in  reference 
to  which  we  have  the  following  account :  — 

SevraJl  Priests  there  met  to  Oppose  the  Testymony  of  truth,  one  of 
which  was  John  Stubbs,  and  as  G  ff  was  speaking,  That  the  pure  in 
heart  shou'd  see  god  I  witness  it,  sd  he,  at  which  words  Jno  Stubbs 
was  Convinced ;  and  there  was  a  bundance  of  people  convinced  yt 
day,  for  the  Lord's  power  went  over  all.  There  being  one  George 
Larkam,  an  independent  priest,  who  cryed,  saying, 

"Where  is  this  ffox  yt  Deceives  the  people?     Jle  Katechise  him." 

And  when  he  mett  G  :  fT,  he  askt  him,  what  god  was. 

G  :ff  replyed,   "The  word." 

"I  Deny  yt "  sd  G  :  L. 

G  :  ff  replyed,  ' '  Take  notice,  people,  he  denyes  the  Scripture,  '  In 
the  beginning  was  the  word  and  the  word  was  with  god,  and  the 
word  was  god  '  " ;  to  wch  G  :  L.  was  silent  and  confounded.  So  after 
yt  he  passed  on  to  Cockermo  steeple  house  on  a  first  day,  where  he 
spoke  to  ye  people,  who  were  Eude,  but  the  Souldiers  told  them  they 
had  broke  noe  law.  Then  the  people  were  quiet  :  and  he  spoke  to  the 
priest  and  laid  him  open.' 

The  Restoration  produced  an  almost  immediate  change 

1.  Vide  p.  122. 

2.  Journal,  p.   98. 

3.  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth,  p.   33. 


Cockennouth  69 1 

at  Cockermoutli :  for  it  is  recorded  that  on  Aug.  26,  1660, 
George  Larkliain  ceased  "  to  preach,  in  the  Public  Place 
at  Cockermouth  one  Picharby  being  put  in,  by  Sir  George 
!Fletcher."  The  people  of  the  town,  however,  to  whom 
George  Larkham's  services  had  become  so  helpful,  en- 
deavoured to  retain  him  as  the  following  shows  :  - — 

The  Inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cockermouth,  gave  me  a  call  in 
public  to  be  their  Minister  (nemine  contradicente)  notwithstanding 
Sir  George  Fletcher's  Discharge  :  and  they  sent  a  letter  to  him  by 
Robert  Bowes,  signed  by  several  hands,  to  signify  as  much.  The 
Lord  bless  me  to  them,  if  I  shall  continue  to  preach  among  them, 
Amen.' 

His  Ejection,  however,  was  effected,  as  the  following  two 
entries,  one  from  the  Church  Book  and  the  other  from  his 
Journal,  testify  :  — 

November  15  1660  The  Pastr,  Geo  Larkham,  was  eiected  from  the 
publicke  place  at  Cock,  by  the  violence  of  Sr  George  Fletcher.^ 

Nov.  15.  [1660]  I  was  put  forth  of  Cockermouth  Public  Meeting  Place, 
by  an  order  from  Sundry  Commissioners  sitting  at  Mr  Lamplugh's 
house  in  Cockermouth.^ 

George  Larkham  took  leave  of  his  people  on  the  18th 
•of  November,  1660,  preaching  from  Heb.  iii,  2,  and  the 
following  day  went  to  Culgaith.  During  the  dark  days 
which  ensued,  he  appears  to  have  moved  much  about  to 
escape  his  persecutors.  At  one  time  we  read  of  him  being 
at  Papcastle,  then  at  Dearham,  and  again  at  Broughton. 
"  On  July  17th  [1663],"  says  he,  "  understanding  there  was 
a  warrant  forth  against  me,  to  bind  me  over  to  the  Assizes 
I  took  my  journey  that  morning  to  Broughton  Tower  in 
Lancashire."  *  This  was  the  residence  of  Poger  Sawrey, 
an  old  Cromwellian  soldier,  "  praying  Sawrey,"  as  he 
came  to  be  called.  "  Brother  Sawrey  "  is  several  times 
noted  in  the  Church  Book  as  being  present  at  meetings 
of  the  Cockermouth  Church ;  and  his  home,  like  Hoghton 

1.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  28. 

2.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

3.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  28. 

4.  Ibid.,  p.  30. 


692  The    Ejected    of   1662 

Tower  in  Lancashire,  served  as  a  "  shelter  "  for  the  outed 
Ministers  "  in  the  time  of  storm."  After  a  brief  sojourn 
at  Broughton  Tower,  he  went  "  to  Booth  to  my  Aunt 
Sandy's  house" ;  and  thence  to  "  Gomersal  in  Yorkshire,  to 
my  Aunt  Pollard's."  Joined  here  by  his  wife  and  one  of 
his  sons,  a  brief  stay  resulted  in  his  being  found  by  his 
pursuers,  taken  to  York,  lodged  in  prison  for  five  weeks, 
and  in  his  Journal  under  date  Oct,  12,  1665,  he  says:  — 
My  imprisonment  cost  me  out  of  purse  exactly  in  all  £7.  10.  1. 1 

This  was  a  large  sum  as  money  was  then  valued.  After 
an  absence  of  about  five  years  "  he  made  his  returne  into 
this  country  and  sate  down  wth  his  family  at  Egremond 
the  23rd  of  Aprill,  1668."  A  meeting  held,  on  the 
15th  of  May  following,  at  John  Bell's  house  in 
Embleton,  was  disturbed  by  Robert  Rickerby,  the  restored 
Incumbent,  "  in  a  furious  maner,"  whose  "  mischievous 
intendmt,"  however,  was  "  frustrated."  Publicly  when 
possible,  privately  when  it  could  not  be  otherwise,  he 
held  meetings  for  worship  during  the  greater  part  of 
this  period;  and,  though  he  and  his  people  risked 
considerably  in  so  doing,  it  would  appear  that  the  Church 
had  much  more  immunity  from  disturbance  and  loss  than 
was  the  case  with  the  sister  Church  at  Kirkoswald. 
Possibly  this  was  due  to  the  influence  of  the  Fletchers  and 
Eaglesfields.  His  home  was  at  Tallentire,  and  it  was 
there  that  the  Church  was  accustomed  to  meet. 

His  name  appears  both  in  the  Conventicle  Returns  and 
the  Presentation  Lists ;  and,  in  1672,  he  licensed  a  house 
at  "  Hameshill  "  for  "  Presbt  "  worship.  This  was  the 
residence  of  "  Sister  Hutton,"  and  not  of  George  Larkham 
himself,  as  the  License  states.  The  Church  Book  says  :  — 
June  2.   1672  The  Pastr  read  his  Licence  from  ye  King  giving  him  i 

liberty  to  preach  to  his  Congregaon  at  ye  house  of  Sister  Hutton  at 

Hemeshill. 

Respecting  this  place  Mr.  Lewis  says  :  — 

Hemshill  is  no  longer  [1870J  what  it  was  in  the  days  of  Mr.  Lark- 
ham,    when   its   mansion,    occupied   by   Sister   Hutton,   received    and 

1.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.  31. 


Cockermouth  693 

sheltered  him  and  his  people  from  the  fury  of  the  oppressor.  The 
locality  is  situated  at  the  corner  of  the  Carlisle  road  on  the  right 
hand  leading  from  Cockermouth.' 

In  tMs  year  lie  tlius  writes  :  — 

I  have  lived  wth  my  wife  Twenty  yeares,  she  hath  borne  me  eleven 
children  Four  sonnes  and  seven  daughters.  Three  sonns  &  four 
daughters  are  living. 

Blessed  be  God. 
The  Lord  is  good,   &  to  be  blest, 
Let  my  heart  in  his  goodnes  rest. 
The  following  yeare  pvide  o  Lord 
That  I  may  still  thy  praise  record ; 
0  Let  me  do  thy  worke,  and  still 
Conforme  my  selfe  unto  thy  will, 
Living  to  thee  whilst  yt  I  live. 
Giving  to  thee  what  thou  dost  give. 
Thus  Sings  his  unworthy  Servt. 

•  G.  Lm.  Sept.  26. 
1672. 2 

George  Larkham  lived  to  see  happier  days,  and  his 
labours,  which  were  continued  in  Cockermouth  and  neigh- 
bourhood until  his  death,  were  crowned  with  abundant 
success.  Writing  to  Sir  D.  Fleming,  Oct.  8,  1681,  Richard 
Lowry,  the  Crosthwaite  Vicar,  says  :  — 

Mr.  Larkin  of  Tallentire  has  fixed  upon  you  an  aspersion  that  you 
had  said  in  Conversation  with  him  that  the  clergy  of  the  Church  of 
England  were  the  only  or  greatest  reproach  of  and  disgrace  to  the 
Kingdom  he  also  Said  that  the  best  in  rank  and  Character  were 
among  his  adherents,  including  yourself.     I  cannot  believe  it. 

Sir  Daniel's  reply,  four  days  after,  would  hardly  be  quite 

satisfactory  to  his  correspondent :  — 

I  have  often  said  that  diverse  of  our  ecclesiastical  officers  do  deserve 
punishment  for  their  exactions  and  extortions,  and  that  several  of 
our  clergy  should  be  endicted  for  not  reading  of  the  Common  Prayer 
as  they  should  do,  but  I  never  spake  such  words  as  you  write.  3 

The  Dearham  Registers  have  the  following  interesting 
entry :  — 

Jonathan  the  Son  of  John  Cuthbert.son  was  baptized  as  they  say  by 
Mr.   Larkham  a  Brownist  the  5th  of  January   1692. 

1.  Lewis's  Hist.,  p.   34. 

2.  Larkham  MSS. 

3.  The  Fleming  MSS.,  H.  M.  C,  Twelfth  Report,  p.  183. 


694 


The   Ejected    of   1662 


The  following  beautiful  and  pathetic  letter  from  his  pen 
has  been  discovered  in  the  Birch  MSS  :  — 

Tallantyre  June   11. 
Deare  Sr.  1698. 

Yours  of  the  7th  Jnstant  to  Dr.  Gilpin  (to  be  Comunicated  &c.  by 
you  transcribed  and  to  me  transmitted)  weare  received  Thursday 
night,  J  would  say  on  Wensday  night. 
As  to  the  proposals,  J  can  at  present  say  little  to  them ;  I  doe  expect  a 
further  &  fuller  account  of  them,  and  the  conjunction  and  concurrence 
and  I  have  onely  this  to  say  now,  That  I  am  pleased  with  th*  designe 
of  those  many  Serious  and  worthy  psons  (as  is  signifyed)  For  the 
pmoving  the  interest  of  Religion,  and  the  Reformaon  of  manners 
And  I  shall  readily  Further  the  desigiae  according  to  my  capacity  and 
Circumstances.  For  my  part  I  am  aged  and  further  (as  you  take 
notice  in  yours)  I  am  continually  exercised  wth  a  paineful  and 
decaying  infirmity ;  And  therefore  am  not  like  long  to  be  useful  &c. 
I  am  sore  put  to  it  nowe  to  get  to  Cockermouth  to  my  worke,  on  Ld» 
dayes ;  Ride  I  have  not  been  able  now  this  half  yeare ;  I  have  been 
forced  to  Foot  it  (or  rather  as  I  may  say  like  a  Snail  creeping)  ;  The 
which  Footing  issues  in  the  increase  of  a  whole  weekes  paine  after ; 
Thus  I  canot  hold  out;  Therefore  that  I  yet  may  be  (whiles  my  day 
lasts)  Serviceable  to  my  people,  I  have  taken  a  house  at  Cockermth 
purposing  (if  the  Lord  pmit)  to  fall  into  my  grave  in  the  psence  of  all 
my  Brethren  and  concionantem  mori  &c. 
Sr.  I  am  thankful  to  you  For  your  Fraternal  sympathy  •.  I  hope  when 
such  a  weake  &  worthless  instrumt  is  removed  (after  a  wildemes 
travel  47'  yeares  &c)  God  will  be  with  you,  and  others  whom  he  is- 
able  to  and  shall  raise  up  &c. 
I  am  glad  Soe  hopeful  an  Elihu  (like  a  new  Star)  appeares  in  your 
Horison ;  may  he  have  the  mantle  of  Elijah  if  he  shall  be  in  his  stead 
&c.  I  have  not  Further  (Deare  Sr)  but  my  best  respects  and  Cordial 
Love  to  yor  whole  Selfe,  and  to  begg  that  the  Ld.  may  prosper  you 
in  your  (or  rather  his)  work — Farewel.  Let  him  be  remembered  by 
you   who  is    (Sr)  Your  decaying  &  pained  Brother 

George  Larkham. 
For  the  Revrd 
Mr.  James  Coningham 
in  Penrith 
These. 

[In  another  hand  the  following]  : 

This  worthy  Person  was  Vicar  of  Cockermouth  in  Cumber'land  till 
'62  yt  he  and  many  hundreds  were  turned  out.  He  continued  his 
Relation  to  that  People,  till  his  death  wch  happened  1700.^ 

1.  This  would  represent  the  length  of  his  ministry. 

2.  Birch  MSS.  4276,  fol.  18  (Brit.  Mus.). 


Cockermouth  695 

His  death  occurred  in  Dec.  1700,  his  Church  Book  being 
continued  by  him  to  within  a  month  of  his  departure.  It 
contains   the   following   testimony   concerning   him  by   a 

later  hand  :  — 

Nov.  24,  1700,  being  Ld's  day,  the  pastr  spoak  from  John  9,  4, 
wch  was  his  last  sermon  on  yt  Subject  he  was  sorely  aflicted,  by 
Keason  of  the  Stone  &  gravell  so  that  he  Departed  this  life  26 
Decembr  in  the  71  year  of  his  age  haveing  been  Pastor  over  this 
Congregation  Above  49  yeares.  thus  this  Chojce  Laborious  Divine 
An  Eminent  Servant  of  Jesus  Christ  after  he  had  faithfully  Served 
his  Genration  work  &  faithfully  Descharged  his  pastorall  office 
Departed  in  peace.  His  last  words  were;  "Lord  remember  my  poor 
Brethren  in  ffrance"  :  his  Corpse  was  Intered  in  Bridkirk  Church,  the 
27th  Dec.  1700. 

Calamy  says  that  he  was  "  a  man  of  brisk  Parts  and  a 
bold  Temper  till  the  latter  part  of  his  Life,  when  he  grew 
more  Pensive."     His  children  were:  — 

Mary  born  Jan.  12.  1654  on  a  Thursday  "  between  ten  and  eleven 
at  night  1654  at  Tallantire"  died  April  1656  [vide  Bridekirk  Registers]. 

Thomas  born  at  Tallentire  June  16.  1655  "  between  nine  &  ten 
of  the  clock  in  the  morning,  on  a  Saturday." 

Dorothy  born  Wednesday  Dec.  30.  1656  at  Cockermouth  "between 
eight  and  nine  at  night."     Died  Oct.   1.   1661. 

Deliverance  born  at  Cockermouth  June  9.  1658  Friday  "  between 
eight  and  nine  at  night." 

Mary  second  daughter  of  that  name  born  at  Cockermouth  Wednes- 
day Feb.  15.  ibbO  "between  nine  and  ten  in  the  morning." 

Lancelot  born  Nov.  29.  1661  at  Cockermouth  on  the  Lord's  Day 
"between  seven  and  eight  of  the  clock  in  the  morning." 

Margaret  bom  at  Gomersal  Dec.  29.  1663  at  "twelve  o  clock  at 
night  on  a  Tuesday." 

Eliza  bom  May  22.  1665  at  Gomersal  "  about  one  in  the  afternoon 
upon  a  Monday."  Died  like  Dorothy  of  Small  pox  Feb.  2.  1666. 
"  Lies  buried  in  Birstal  Choir,  by  her  great  grandmother  Water- 
house."     [Lewis's  Hist.,  p.   148.] 

Patience  born  at  Heckmondwike  Dec.  16.  1666,  "about  noon  on  a 
Lord's  Day." 

Jane  born  Aug.  24.  1668  "  about  one  or  two  of  the  Clock  in  the 
morning "  Monday  at  Egremont.  Buried  April  29.  1673.  [Vide 
Bridekirk  Registers.] 

George  born  Jan.  26.  1670-1  baptized  at  Tallentire  privately  March 
26.     Buried  March  26.   1672.     [Vide  Bridekirk  Registers.] 

Henry  born  at  Tallentire  and  baptized  May  16.  1673.  Buried  Sep. 
6.  1674.     [Vide  Bridekirk  Registers.] 


696 


The   Ejected   of    1662 


His  Church  Book,  written  in  a  small,  neat  hand,  is 
carefully  treasured  by  the  Cockermouth  Church.  Extracts 
from  it,  copies  of  Letters,  notes  of  a  Sermon,  and  extracts 
from  the  fragment  of  his  Journal,  are  printed  in  the 
"  History  of  the  Cockermouth  Church,  by  the  E.ev.  Wm. 
Lewis. 

George  Larkham's  name  does  not  appear  in  the 
Baxter  Letter  of  1653,  but  it  does  in  James  Cave's  ordina- 
tion Certificate,  and  he  preached  a  sermon  at  Cockermouth 
to  the  Associated  Ministers  on  ^ay  10,  1654.  In 
the  "  Journal  of  the  Life,  Travels,  &c.  of  that  Worthy 
Elder  &  Faithful  Servant  of  Jesus  Christ,  James  Dicken- 
son "  is  a  reference  to  George  Larkham,  in  the  usual  style 
of  the  Quakers  of  that  time.  James  Dickenson,  who  died 
in  1741,  in  the  83rd  year  of  his  age,  was  born  at  Low 
Moor  in  the  Parish  of  Dean.  He  belonged  to  the  Pard- 
shaw  Meeting,  and  tells  about  "  going  to  Tallentire  to  the 
Presbyterians'  Meeting."  Soon  after  he  was  moved  to  go 
to  the  Baptist  Meeting  at  Broughton,  when  "  John  Palmer 
the  Elder  bid  him  begone  out  of  his  House,"  because  he 
was  speaking.     After  some  time — 


A  certain  concern  came  upon  me  to  go  and  speak  to  George  Lark- 
ham,  a  Presbyterian  Preacher  at  Tallentire.  ...  So  I  went  in  the 
Fear  of  the  Lord  into  George  Larkham's  House  :  As  soon  as  he  saw 
me,  he  was  in  great  Fury  and  Rage  and  asked  me  what  Business  I 
had  there?  I  told  him — My  Business  was  to  clear  my  Conscience  in 
the  Sight  of  God,  which  I  desired  he  would  suffer  me  to  do ;  but  he 
in  great  Rage  ran  into  an  upper  Room  and  Ordered  me  to  be  put  out, 
for  I  was  a  Quaker ;  his  wife  being  also  in  a  great  Passion  said  There 
was  a  great  Fault  of  the  Magestrates  in  not  putting  such  Fellows  as 
I  in  the  Stocks ;  which  shewed  the  Bitterness  of  her  Spirit  that  she 
only  wanted  Power  to  follow  the  Example  and  imitate  the  Barbarity 
of  her  Brethren  in  New-England.  Then  George  Larkham  came  down 
in  great  Fury  and  asked  why  they  had  not  put  me  forth?  Then  I 
desired  him  (if  he  was  a  Christian)  to  show  his  Moderation  as  a 
Christian ;  then  he  charged  me  with  saying  that  he  was  no  Christian  ; 
which  I  told  him  was  false.  Then  he  said,  Some  of  my  Persuasion 
had  said  it ;  I  bid  him  charge  them  with  it.  and  not  me  falsely ;  then 
he  took  me  by  the  Shoulders  and  thrust  me  out  of  the  House  (as  his 
Followers  had  done  before)  and  as  I  was  going  out  I  spoke  to  him 


Cockermouth  697 

what  I  had  upon  my  Mind  :  So  as  I  came  away  in  much  Peace, 
feeling  the  Lord  to  over-shadow  me  with  his  living  Presence,  which 
filled  my  Heart  with  Praises  to  his  Name.' 

Very  different  is  the  testimony  given  in  the  following : 

A  Description  of  a  Gospel  Church  &c 
John  Whitside 
By    a   Member    of    and    in   Communion    with    that    Church    in    New 
Street,   London ;    but  Formerly   a   Member  of  a   Church  at   Cocker- 
mouth  in   Cumberland. 

At  the  foot  is  the  following  :  — 

The  gift  of  Mr.  Richard  Dover  Given  May  14.  1713. 

The  book  was  "  Printed  at  the  Bible  in  Newgate  Street 
1712";  and  in  the  Preface  the  author  says  :  — 

I  shall  now  set  forth  the  Heads  of  the  Book,  and  let  either 
Parochial,  Presbyterian,  Quaker,  Anabaptist,  Antinomian  or  Arm- 
inian  read  it. 

His  epistle  is  to  :  — 

The  Church  of  Christ  at  Cockermouth  in  Cumberland ;  and  to  all 
and  every  Member  thereof,  the  author  wisheth  all  Spiritual  Blessings 
and  Blessedness ;  even  Life  and  Peace,  Rest  and  Joy  for  Evermore. 

In  this  epistle  he  says :  — 

I  reciev'd  my  first  Birth  of  the  New  Creature,  Grace  of  Life  there 
[Cockermouth]  and  was  taken  into  Fellowship  and  Communion  with 
you  about  Twelve  Month  before  I  came  to  London,  which  is  near  five 
and  thirty  years  ago.  And  I  desire  to  wonder  and  admire  at  free 
Grace  that  brought  me  under  Mr.  Egglesfield's  and  ]\Ir.  Larkum's 
Ministry,  when  my  wretched  State  and  miserable  Condition  by 
Nature  was  discover'd,  and  the  only  way  of  Salvation  by  Jesus  Christ 
reveal'd,  I  say,  I  cannot  but  admire  at  that  goodness  that  brought  me 
,  under  such  an  eminent  faithful  and  powerful  Ambassador  as  Mr. 
Larkum,  whom  I  ever  highly  esteem  love  and  reverence  as  one  well 
furnished  in  his  work  of  Preaching  and  also  in  Expository  Divinity ; 
but  he  is  gone  to  possess  the  Fulness  of  that  Love  and  Joy  of  which 
he  had  a  Taste  before  :  and  when  I  think  what  he  was,  and  how  he 
liv'd  these  words  are  brought  in  upon  my  Mind,  The  memory  of  the 

1.  Copy  in  the  Jackson  Library,   Carlisle. 


698  The   Ejected   of  1662 

just  is  blessed,  but  the  name  of  the  wicked  shall  rot.  I  am  glad,  God 
has  so  well  provided  for  you  in  giving  you  such  an  able  and  faithful 
Minister  as  I  was  told  of  when  I  was  in  London.  1 

George  Larkham's  Will,  dated  Jan.  10,  1699-lTOO,  is  as 
follows  :  — 

Will  of  George  Larkham. 

This  tenth  day  of  January  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  ninety 
and  nine  in  the  eleventh  year  of  the  reigne  of  William  the  third  of 
England  Scotland  France  and  Ireland  King  &c  Doe  1  George  Larkham 
of  Cockermouth  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  ^Minister  of  the  Gospel, 
make  this  my  last  will  and  Testament  (writing  it  with  mine  own  hand, 
and  Sealing  it  with  my  usual  Seal)  In  Maner  and  forme  Following  : — 

In  short  (having  bequeathed  my  Soul  into  the  hands  of  my  blessed 
Eedeemer,  And  my  body  to  the  earth  to  be  decently  interred,  when 
my  Soul  shall  be  seperated  from  it  &c)  Thus  doe  dispose  of  my 
remaining  wordly  substance  (Having  none  but  little  left  to  live  upon 
in  old  age  j  And  it  is  much  I  should  have  what  I  have,  my  Condition 
in  the  world,  and  my  circumstances  being  considered,  and  having 
considerably  portioned  all  my  children  &c)  I  say  Thus  doe  I  despose 
of  my  remaining  wordly  substance. 

This  is  my  will  (that  there  may  be  no  quarrelling  among  mine  after 
my  death  but  that  they  may  live  in  love,  and  not  envy  one  another 
&c  I  say.  This  is  my  will)  made  after  addresse  to  God  for  direction  &c. 

Imprimis  my  will  is  That  my  eldest  Son  Deliverance  have  all  my 
books  and  papers  of  all  sorts,  reserved  carefully  for  him,  and  given 
to  him,  or  his  order;  only  I  desire  my  Son  will  give  Grandchild 
Larkham  Bowes  all  the  School  Books  if  he  take  to  be  a  Scoller 

Itm  My  will  is  and  I  doe  hereby  bequeath  to  my  Son  Lancelot  for  a 
Legacy  Ten  pound ;  Itm  to  his  Son  Thomas  (my  Grandchild)  Ten 
pound.  To  be  due  for  him ;  in  order  to  his  bringing  up  to  some  trade  ; 
And  I  hope  his  parents  will  not  defraud  him  &c. 

Itm  I  give  to  my  daughter  Margaret  Osmotherly  Ten  pound  for  a 
Legacy ;  I  also  give  to  her  husband  for  a  Legacy  one  of  my  mourning 
Rings,  Item  I  give  to  my  Daughter  Patience  Langdale  (living  at 
Leverpoole  in  Lancashire)  for  a  Legacy  Ten  pound. 

Item  to  the  poore  members  of  the  particular  Congregation  I  have 
gone  before  neer  fifty  years  Twenty  Shillings  To  be  desposed  by  the 
Deacons  &c 

Item  I  give  to  my  Fatherlesse  Grandchild  Anne  Hewetson  for  a 
Legacy  ten  pound  to  be  improved  for  her 

The  remainder  of  all  my  Substance  I  give  to  my  Daughter  Mary 
Bowes  who  is  my  cherisher  now  in  my  old  age,  and  who  hath  the 

1.   Copy  in  the  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle. 


Cockermouth  699 

greatest  charge,  whom  I  make  appoint  and  Constitute  sole  Executor 
of  this  my  last  will  and  Testament.     To  which  I  subscribe  my  hand 
the  day  &  yeare  above  menconed 
Geo  :  Larkham 
Published  before  us 
George  Bowes 
Tho  :  Stanger 
Joseph  Peill 
Samuel  Hovid. 

The  Bond  is  dated  March  17,  1700,  and  mention  is  made 
in  it  of  "  Mary  now  wife  of  John  Bowes  who  is  to  perform 
the  last  will  of  the  said  George  Larkham.''  Deliverance 
Larkham,  his  son,  was  trained  for  the  ministry  at  Richard 
Frankland's  Academy,  and  invited  to  assist  his  father  at 
Cockermouth ;  but  he  accepted  an  invitation  to  Launceston 
in  Cornwall.  Bishop  Nicolson  in  his  Diary,  under  date  May 
20,  1684,  tells  about  being  on  "  SciddaAv  wth  2  Fletchers, 
Crisp,  Dykes,  &c.,  Mr.  Eglesfield  and  D.  Larkha  "  whom 
he  describes  as  somewhat  "  Whiggish  "  in  his  speech  about 
Parliament.  He  adds  "  Mr.  Egl.  acquainted  me  yt  ye 
Saltpans  at  Canonby  were  worth  40Z  per  Annu;  &  yt 
Himself  had  often  proffer'd  to  farm  ym  so  wthout  Coal."  ^ 
In  a  letter  to  Walker  "  Nath.  Beard  "  of  "Tavystoke,  July 
ye  13,  1704,"  refers  him  for  information  about  Thomas 
Larkham  to  his  "  granson  "  Deliverance  Larkham,  "now 
in  Exon  a  dessenting  teacher  either  among  the  presbv- 
terians,  or  Independants  or  Anabaptists,  for  he  hath  been 
ye  round."  ^  Deliverance  Larkham  died  Pastor  of  the 
Exeter  Congregational  Church  in  1723.^ 

Egbert  Rickerby,  1660—1679/80. 

His  signature  in  the  Registers,  almost  immediately 
after  his  restoration,  is  large  and  bold;  and  it  is  not 
difficult  to  imagine  its  being  written  with  a  distinct 
feeling  of  triumph.  As  he  had  probably  not  been  epis- 
copally  ordained  with  the  approach  of  St.  Bartholomew's 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  i,  p.  11. 

2.  Walker  MSS.,  C.  2,  fol.  294. 

3.  "Vide  Oliver  Heywood's  Diaries,  by  Horsfall  Turner,  vol.  iv,  p. 
308;  and  James's  Presbyterian  Chapels,  &c.,  p.  687. 


yoo  The   Ejected   of  1662  * 

Day  he  took  the  necessary  measures  for  his  security. 
He  was  ordained  Deacon  Aug.  2,  1662,  by  George, 
Bishop  of  Chester,  and  Priest  the  same  day;  his  license 
to  serve  the  Cure  at  Cockermouth  was  accepted  by  Dr. 
Bur  well  for  the  Archbishop  of  York,  Oct.  16,  1662. 
Similarly  his  license  to  preach  through  the  whole  of 
E-ichmond.  He  subscribed  the  Declaration  Aug.  16,  1662, 
in  presence  of  "  Geo.  Cest.  Epo,"  and  again  before  Dr. 
Burwell  Oct.  16,  1662.  He  was  also  licensed  as  Curate  of 
Lorton  July  6,  1665.^  The  following  letter  from  his  pen 
to  Sir  Joseph  Williamson  is  self  explanatory  :  — - 

Honoured  Sr 

Tho.  a  mere  stranger  as  to  face  yet  (as  duty  binds  mee)  I  must  not 
sitt  silent  under  so  great  an  Obligacon,  but  returne  you  thanks  (wch 
is  all  I  can  doe)  for  ye  2  exhibicons  you  were  pleased  to  Conferr  on  ye 
Schollers  at  Dovenby ;  works  of  this  Nature  (as  we  generally  find) 
are  no  news  to  ye  Noble  &  most  generous  desposicons ;  All  ye 
Countrey  you  have  made  yr  Debtours.  Most  worthy  Sr  I  shall  but 
desire  ye  Seasonable  opportunity  wherein  I  may  declare  my  utmost 
Endeavours  to  Serve  you  or  yrs  pray  excuse  my  Incivility  on  omitting 
so  long  my  duty  of  thanks.  And  however  I  am  yr  most  unworthy  of 
all  yr  Servants  yet  still  I  am 

yr  dayley  Remembrancer  att 
the  throne  of  Grace 

Robert  Rickerby. 
Cockermouth 

Septemb.  4th  ffor  ye  Worsfull 

1671.  Joseph  Williamson  Esq. 

These 
[Outside]        Cockermouth. 

Ro  :  Rickerby  4th  Sept.  71. 
Re  :  7th.  2 

At  the  Bishop's  Visitation,  June  30,  16T4,  he  "  appeared 
and  exhibited,"  Peter  Murthwaite  doing  so  also  as 
"  Ludimagister  "  and  Eich.  Pearson  as  Parish  Clerk. 

Rickerby  seems  to  have  been  most  aggressive  against 
the  Nonconformists  after  his  return,  and  many  of  George 
Larkham's  troubles  were  due  to  his  instigation.     He  held 

1.  The   Visitation  Books   (Chester  Registry). 

2.  S.  P.  Dom.,  Car.  ii,  292,  p.  168. 


Cockermouth  701 

the  living  until  his  death  in  1679.  The  following  entries^ 
appear  in  the  Registers  of  Cockermouth  :  — 

1662  Charles  son  of  ASlr.  Robert  Rickerby  bapt.  decemb.  ye  19th. 

1665  Grace  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  July  13th. 

1675  Mrs  Jane  Rickerby  wife  of  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  Minr  of 
Cockermouth  was  bury'd  June  ye  15th. 

Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  Batchelour  of  Arts  Son  of  Mr.  Robert 
Rickerby  Minister  of  Cockermouth  was  Buryed  July  ye  11th  1675 
Anno  Aetatis  suae  vicesimo  tertio. 

John  Rickerby  Son  of  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  Minister  of  Cocker- 
mouth was  buryed  January  ye  1st  1674-5. 

Joseph  son  of  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  was  baptized  May  ye  14th  1677. 

1679  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  Minister  of  Cockermouth  was  buried' 
ffriday  being  ye  20  of  ffebruary. 

1685  Joseph  the  son  of  Mr.  Robert  Rickerby  was  buried  May  3rd. 

Hutchinson  gives  the  date  of  Robert  Rickerby's  death- 
as  February,  1699 ;  and  states  that  in  this  year  Thomas 
Jefferson  succeeded  to  the  living.     Whellan  proceeds  upon 
the  same  assumption,   while   J^icolson   and  Burn   dismiss 
Cockermouth  Church  in  a  sentence  or  two,  mentioning  the' 
name  of  no  Incumbent.     Hutchinson's   error  has   led  to' 
considerable  confusion,  and  been  quite  a  stone  of  stum- 
bling to  subsequent  writers.     His  statement  is  as  follows  : 
Robert   Rickarby,   who   was  incumbent   before   the   civil   war,   was 
suspended   during   the   usurpation   by    George  Larkham,    an  indepen- 
dent :   at   the   Restoration,   Rickarby   recovered   his   church,   died   in 
February  1699,  and  was  buried  in  Cockermouth.     He  was  succeeded 
by  Thomas  Jefferson,  A.M.  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  who  died  in 
February  1768  and  was  buried  at  Cockermouth.     Since  that  time  no 
one  has  been  nominated  to  this  church.     It  is  remarkable  that  there 
have  been  only  two  incumbents  since  the  year  1640.' 

As  usual  with  writers  of  this  type  George  Larkham  does 
not  count,  though  he  held  the  living  about  ten  years. 
The  fact  to  which  Hutchinson  calls  attention  would  indeed 
be  remarkable  if  it  were  a  fact;  but  it  has  already  been 
shown  that  Robert  Rickerby  died  in  1679,  and  so  had  been 
in  his  grave  20  years  in  1699.  It  is  not  difficult,  however,, 
to  see  how  the  mistake  occurred.  The  Registers  had  been 
wrongly  read,  and  an  inspection  of  them  will  at  once  show 

1.  Hutchinson,  vol.  ii,  p.  118. 


702  The    Ejected   of  1662 

how  easy  it  is  to  do  that.  The  third  figure  in  the  date  of 
Rickerby's  death,  the  figure  7,  is  very  similar  in  appear- 
ance to  the  9  which  follows,  but  close  examination  reveals 
its  true  character.  It  is,  moreover,  among  the  1679 
entries.  Nor  can  the  Registers  have  been  carefully  con- 
sulted or  the  names  of,  at  least,  two  other  Incumbents 
preceding  Jefferson  would  have  been  easily  discovered. 

Gawin  Noble,  1679—1691. 

The  Episcopal  Register  notes  his  appointment  as  Teacher 
to  Appleby  School  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

January  17.  1673-4. 

License  to  Mro.  Gavino  Noble  Hyopdidascalo  Scholae  de  Apulby 
in  Comitat.  Westmland  ad  erundien  pueros  quocunq  loco  infra  Dioc. 
Carlien  Subscrip,  prius  Articles  declaracone  de  jure  requirisit. 

He  was  granted  a  license  as  "Ludimagister  liberae  Scholae" 
at  Cockermouth,  by  John,  Bishop  of  Chester,  May  20, 1676, 
and  subscribed  the  declaration  the  same  day.  He  was 
ordained  Deacon  May  26,  1678,  being  described  as 
"  literatus  "  "  Dio  Cest.,"  and  Priest  by  John  of  Chester 
June  6th,  1680.  At  least  three  years  before  1679  he  was  in 
Cockermouth,  and  may  have  been  acting  as  Curate  for 
Robert  Rickerby.  Over  the  old  doorway  of  the  Grammar 
School,  of  which  Richard  Tubman,  a  leading  resident,  and 
Richard  Lowry,  the  Yicar  of  Crosthwaite,  were  governors, 
was  an  inscription  which  stated  that  it  was  founded  in 
1676 ;  and  a  stone  within  declared  that  "  Gavenus  Noble, 
1676,"  was  "  primus  Gymnasiarcha  hujus  Scholse."  Gawin 
Noble's  marriage  is  thus  given  in  the  Workington 
Registers :  — 

1677  Mr.  Gaw.  Noble  &  Mrs.  Elz.  ffletcher  both  of  Cockermouth 
Mar.  p.  Lie.  Dec.  13. 

The  Cockermouth  Registers  contain  the  following 
entries  relating  to  him  :  — 

1678  Isabella  daughter  of  Mr  Gawen  Noble  was  baptized  Septem. 
ye  4th. 

1681  Barbara  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  Minister  of  Cocker- 
mouth bapt   Dec.  5. 


Cockermouth  703 

Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  Minister  of  Cocker- 
mouth  was  bapt.   Nov.   15.  1683. 

1685  George  the  Son  of  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  Minister  of  Cockermouth 
bapt.  March  2. 

1690  Thomas  the  son  of  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  minister  of  Cockermouth 
Sept.  17.   1690  Baptized. 

1691  William  the  son  of  Mr.  Gawen  Noble  Minister  of  Cockermouth 
baptized  Oct.   14. 

Gawin  Noble  removed  to  Great  Orton  about  1691  where 
he  remained  until  his  death.  ^  The  Cockermouth 
Transcripts  for  1689 — 1690  are  signed  by  Gawin  Noble, 
Minister ;  and  the  Presentment  for  1690  says  :  — 

We  have  in  our  church  a  Comon  prayer  book  and  Great  Bible. 
And  a  Eegister  book  of  parchment  as  is  required.  Our  Minister  (to 
ye  best  of  our  observation)  is  a  man  of  Sober,  Chast,  just  and 
unblameable  life,  and  doth  performe  all  things  required. 

Our  parish  clerk  is  aged  above  one  and  twenty,  can  read  and  write, 
as  to  his  diligence  in  his  place,  and  sobriety  of  conversation  he  hath 
been  often  warned  and  we  have  some  hopes  he  will  take  warning. 

Master  of  our  ffree  School  we  believe  is  duely  Licensed.  We  know 
no  other  Schoolmaster  who  teacheth  in  our  parish  being  Unlicensed.  2 

Peter  Gregory,  B.A.,  1691/2. 

He  certainly  was  here  in  that  year,  for  he  is  described 
as  "  of  Cockermouth  "  in  a  list  of  preachers  at  Camerton 
in  March  1691-2. 

The  1692  Presentment  says  :  — 

We  have  a  paper  book  containing  the  names  of  strangers  yt 
preached  in  our  Church ;  we  know  not  whether  the  dessenters  in  our 
parish  have  certifyed  the  place  of  their  worship  to  the  Bishop,  or 
whether  they  have  Subscribed  the  Articles  &  declaration  required  by 
ye  late  Acts. 3 

He  signs  the  Transcripts  as  Curate  of  Cockermouth  in 
1696,  and  it  appears  that  he  also  supplied  Camerton. 
Hence  the  following  Presentment  under  date  1696 :  — 

Our  Minsr  doth  Supply  at  Camberton  but  takes  care  yt  none  but 

who  are  duely  qualifyed  officiate  for  him  here  as  we  really  believe.* 

1.  Vide  p.  232. 

2.  Lancaster  Transcripts.  ' 

3.  Ibid. 

4.  Ibid. 


704  The   Ejected    of  1662 

The  Registers  record  the  christening  of  a  son  the  year 
following :  — 

1697  William  Son  of  Mr.  Peter  Gregory  Min.  born  October  28.  and 
christened  November  9th. 

Peter  Gregory  held  the  living  of  Uldale  at  the  same  time, 
and  the  following  references  to  him  are  in  the  Diaries  of 
Bishop  Nicolson :  — 

1702  Aug.  26.  At  Kirkby  there  met  by  Mr.  Gregory  who  desir'd 
me  to  think  ot  some  body  for  Cockermouth  wch  he  would  resign  in 
such  manner  as  to  bring  in  my  man. 

Aug  29  Mr  Gregory  din'd  wth  me  :  And  Mr.  Clark  (Curate  at 
Crosthwt)  pitched  upon  for  Cockermouth.  i 

In  a  note  the  Editor  of  these  Diaries  says  :  — 

Peter  Gregory  B.A.  was  rector  of  Uldale  1697 ;  he  held  that  living 
to  his  death  1719.  I  do  not  understand  the  reference  to  Cocker- 
mouth. According  to  Whellan,  Thomas  Jefferson  was  incumbent  of 
Cockermouth  from  1699 ;  and  Mr.  Jefferson  of  Cockermouth  is 
mentioned  in  the  Diary  June  '.ib.  1705. 2 

The  confusion  is  due  to  the  error  in  the  date  of  Robert 
Rickerby's  death  to  which  reference  has  already  been 
made ;  and  it  is  not  a  little  surprising  that  respectable 
writers  should  ever  quote  Whellan  as  an  authority  in  these 
matters.  3  Peter  Gregory  resigned  about  1705.  In  the 
early  part  of  this  year  he  sought  to  obtain  the  Dean  living 
but  did  not  succeed.  He  retained  Uldale,  however,  and 
in  addition  had  the  Curacy  of  Bassenthwaite  until  his 
death.  * 

1.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  ii,  pp.  178,  179;    Clarke  was  not  appointed. 

2.  Ibid.,  p.  178. 

3.  These  Diaries  are  a  curious  collection  of  English,  German  and 
Latin ;  but  they  are  exceedingly  valuable  for  the  student.  They  appear 
in  the  first  five  volumes  of  the  "Cumberland  and  Westmorland  Transac- 
tion (N.S.),"  the  Editor  being  the  late  Bishop  of  Barrow.  They  are 
well  worth  publishing  in  separate  form  with  the  Latin  and  German 
passages  translated.  Read  in  conjunction  with  the  Bishop's  "  Miscel- 
lany, &c."  the  picture  which  they  give  of  the  character  of  the  Clergy 
during  the  opening  years  of  the  18th  Century  is  distressingly  sad. 

4.  Vide  pp.  557,  675. 


Cockermouth  705 

Thomas  Jefferson,  M.A.,  1705 — 1768. 

Foster  gives  him  as  John,  which  however  is  incorrect. 
He  states  that  he  was  the  son  of  John  Jefferson  of  Kendal 
"  paup "  and  that  he  matriculated  at  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  Oct.  24,  1687,  aged  18  years,  taking  his  B.A.  in 
1692.  "  Perhaps,"  says  he,  "  70  years  vicar  of  Cocker- 
mouth  and  died  Feb.  5,  1768."  ^  This,  however,  has  been 
shown  to  be  a  mistake.  A  sermon  of  his  with  the  follow- 
ing title  is  extant :  — 

A  Thanksgiving  Sermon 

Preach'd  the  29th  of  November 

1759  at  the  Rectory  of  Lamplugh 

on  the  taking  of 

Quebeck — By  the  Revd  Mr. 

Tho.  Jefferson  Minister 

of  Cockermouth. 

Kendal. 

Printed  by  Thomas  Ashburner 

And  sold  by  Mary  Cowley 

in  Cockermouth 

MDCCLX.* 

Hutchinson  suggests  that  Jefferson  was  a  native  of  Holm 
Cultram,  and  states  that  his  father  was  accustomed  to 
speak  of  his  son,  Tom,  as  a  fine  lad,  "  begotten  in  Cum- 
berland, born  in  Wales,  and  bred  in  Scotland."  Hutchin- 
son describes  him  as  an  "  odd  man  "  and  proceeds  :  — 

On  some  particulajr  Sunday  of  the  year,  we  suppose  on  Rogation 
Sunday,  he  constantly  preached  on  the  beauties  of  Flora.  On  these 
occasions,  he  failed  not  to  provide  himself  with  a  large  bouquet  of 
flowers;  and,  taking  it  in  his  hand,  he  displayed  it,  with  many 
significant  gestures,  to  his  congregation,  as  he  pronounced  his  annual 
text,  from  the  gospel  of  St.  Matthew — "Solomon,  in  all  his  glory, 
was  not  arrayed  like  one  of  these."  After  a  forty  years'  residence 
in  his  cure  supposing  his  people  not  to  be  sufficiently  attentive  to 
him,  he  lectured  them  in  a  sermon  on  this  text,  from  the  95th 
Psalm — "Forty  years  long  have  I  been  grieved  with  this  generation." 
.  .  .  On  the  1st  of  March,  St.  David's  day,  he  always  wore  a  leek ; 
in  token  of  his  having  been  born,  though  by  accident,  in  Wales.  He 
enjoyed   an   uncommon   share  of  health   and   spirits  till   he  was  95; 

1.  AI.   Ox. 

2.  The  Jackson  Library,  Carlisle. 

A  T 


7o6 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


affecting  to  be  offended  with  any  one  who  thought  him  old — always 
remarking  on  the  occasion,  that  there  was  nothing  old,  but  old  boots 
and  old  shoes,  and  here  and  there  a  chance  old  maid.  Till  within  four 
years  of  his  death,  he  was  remarkably  active  and  agile ;  and  would 
probably  have  continued  so  to  the  last,  had  he  not  unfortunately, 
when  upwards  of  ninety,  been  lamed  by  a  fall  from  his  horse ;  and, 
at  the  same  time,  caught  a  dangerous  cold,  by  lying  out  all  night 
in  winter  on  a  common,  as  he  was  on  a  journey  to  pay  his  addresses 
to  a  rich  heiress  in  the  county,  not  much  more  than  twenty  years 
of  age.     He  died  in  1768.^ 


1.  Hutchinson,  vol.  ii,  p.  340  note. 


II.     BEIDEKIRK. 

Bridekirk  is  about  two  miles  from  Cockermouth  on  th.e 
south  side  of  tlie  Derwent.  Bishop  Nicolson,  when  he 
visited  the  Church  here  in  1703,  indulged  in  quite  a  wail 
of  sorrow  over  what  he  saw :  — 

The  Quire  has  Rails  but  everything  else  (in  and  about  it)  looks 
very  scandalous.  The  Walls  and  Floor  are  most  nasty ;  and  the 
Leads  very  much  decay'd  and  full  of  Drops.  The  Roof  of  the  Vestry 
is   fallen  in.' 

It  is,  of  course,  quite  otherwise  to  day.  The  Registers  of 
the  Church,  which  is  dedicated  to  St.  Bridget,  begin  on 
the  second  page  of  the  volume  in  1585 ;  but  upon  the  top 
of  the  first  is  1584.  The  page  is  quite  illegible,  except  in 
that  particular,  and  that  appears  to  have  been  added  by  a 
later  hand,  though  doubtless  it  is  correct.  The  early 
writing  is  somewhat  faint,  but  decipherable,  though  the 
characters  are  very  minute.  There  is  a  full  list  of 
Incumbents  available,  and  the  following  fill  up  the 
Century  with  which  we  are  concerned  :  — 

John  Wheelwright,  1581 — 1625. 
His  burial  is  thus  recorded :  — 

1625  Mr.  Johannis  Wheelwright,  Eccliae  de  Bridekirke  vicarius 
sepult.  fuit  xvi  die  Martij  Anno  post  inductionem  suam  44  et  aetatis 
suae  88  expleto.* 

The  Wheelwrights  were  a  numerous  family  in  this  neigh- 
bourhood and  prominent  leaders  of  Nonconformity.  Gawin 
Wheelwright  is  mentioned  as  connected  with  the  Broughton 
Church  in  1650,^  and  John  Wheelwright  appears  in  the 
Presentment  Lists  among  other  "Anabaptists."^ 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  81. 

2.  Parish  Registers. 

3.  Vide  p.  622. 

4.  Vide  p.  1357. 


7o8 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Joseph  Williamson,  1625 — 1634. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon,  being  then  "  literatus,"  May 
23,  1624,  and  instituted  March  19,  1625,  on  a  Presentation 
by  the  King.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  however,  give  his 
Presentation  by  "  Henry  Baxter,  Sebergham,  gentleman, 
and  Thomas  Hutton  of  Hameshill,  yeoman,  assignes  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lamplugh  Knight."  ^  The  following  appears 
in  the  Registers  against  his  name  :  — 

Nomina     Omnium     Baptizatorum     Nuptorum     ac     Sepultorum     in 

parochia  de  Bridekirk  Josepho  Williamson  vicario  Anno  institutionis 

suae  primo  aetatis  vicessimo  septimo  1626. 

Among  baptismal  entries  appear  these :  — 

1626-7  Februarii  14  Henricus  filius  Josephi  Williamson  clerici  bapt 
cuius. 

1629 — 30,  25th  Jana  filia  Josephi  Williamson  Clerici  vie.  de  Bride- 
kirk bapt. 

1633  Aug.  4.  Josephus  fil.  Josephi  Williamson  Cler.  vicarij  de 
Bridekirk  bapt. 

An  account  of  Joseph,  afterwards  Sir  Joseph  William- 
son, Secretary  of  State,  is  given  elsewhere.  ^  The  father 
died  in  1634  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

1634  Aug.    10.     Josephus  Williamson  vicarias  Sepult. 

Nicholas  Beeby,  M.A.,  1634—1649. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  22,  1634,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"Anto  Lamplughe  Ar."  The  Registers  contain  the  follow- 
ing baptismal  entries  :  — 

1636-7  January  12.     Anthonius  filius  Nich.   Beeby  vicarij  bapt. 

1638-9  Janu.  2.     Nicholas  filius  Nicholaij  Beebye  Vicaru  bapt. 

1643  Decemb.  13.     Ellenor  fil.  Nich.  Beeby  Clerici  bapt. 

Foster  gives  the  name  of  "Anthony  Beebye"  in  his  list 
of  Oxford  graduates,  and  says  that  he  was  : — "ser.  Queen's 
Coll.  matric.  15  June,  1657;  B.A.  25  Feb.  1660-1;  M.A. 
1664,  vicar  of  Dinton  also  Dinnington,  Wilts,  1674,  and  of 
Broughton  Gifford  1685."  ^  In  all  probability  this  was 
the   Anthony   Beeby,   whose   baptism   is   recorded  above. 

1.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.   ii,  p.   100. 

2.  Vide  p.  60. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 


Bridekirk  709 

Nicholas  Beeby  was  here  in  1646  as  we  gather  from  the 

following  :  — 
Cumberland.  Att  &c.   November  11.   Anno  Dni.   1646. 

By  vertue  &c  florty  pounds  be  payd  out  of  the  profitts  of  the 
Impropriate  Rectory  of  Bridekirke  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland 
Sequestred  from  Sr.  Henry  ffletcher  Delinquent  to  and  for  increase 
of  the  Maintenance  of  Mr.  Nicholas  Beeby  Minister  of  ye  pish 
Church  of  Bridekirk  aforesaid  The  Viccaridge  thereof  being  worth 
but  thirty  pounds  p.  Annu  And  ye  Sequestrators  of  ye  pmisses  are 
required  to  pay  ye  same  accordingly  att  such  tymes  and  seasons  of 
ye  yeare  as  ye  said  profitts  growe  due  and  payable. 
Gilbt.   Millington.  1 

The  name  of  Nicholas  Beeby  does  not  appear  in  Walker's 
list,  yet  shortly  after  this,  he  must  have  been  sequestered, 
as  his  successor,  George  Benson,  appointed  in  1649,  is 
named  as  paying  "  fifths  "  to  Ann  Beeby  in  1652.  He  did 
not  live  to  the  Restoration  as  the  following  shows :  — 
1658  Aprillis  19.     Nicholaij  Beeby  late  Vicarij  Sepult. 

His  wife  survived  him  several  years,  and  according  to  the 
following  burial  entry  she  had  her  home  at  Tallentire  :  — 
1673  Augusti  24  Anna  Relicta  Nicholai  Beeby  de  Tallentyre  nup. 
vicarii  sepult. 

George  Benson,  1649—1660. 

The  Registers  contain  the  following :  — 

Nomina  Omnivun  Baptizatorum  Nuptorum  ac  Sepultorum  in 
parochia  de  Bridekirk  Georgio  Benson  vicario  Anno  Institutionis 
suae  primo  Aetatis  suae  tricesimo   primo   1649. 

The  pen  has   been   put  through  part  of  this,  but  it  is 
repeated  later  with  this  addition :  — 


Georg   Benson    vicar 

Ecclesiae 

Bridekerkienses 

paroch 

Johis   Watson 

Gardianis 

de 

Tho  palmer 

Bridkirk 

Rich.  Dodgson 

1649. 

Christo  Shepheard 

His  confirmation  to  the  living  by  the  Northern  Commis- 
sioners, in  1652,  is  given  in  the  following  documents 
together  with  some  information  about  his  stipend :  — 

1,  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.  F.  1  (Record  Office)  :  duplicated  in  Bodl.  MS.  323. 


7IO 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


Newcastle  upon 

Tine.  Cumberland. 

By  ye  Comrs  for  propagateing  ye  Gospell  in  ye  fower  Northeme 
Counties  of  Northumberland,  Cumberland,  Westmorland  &  Durham 
ye   3rd   day   of   ffebruary    1652. 

Bridkirk, 

Whereas  Mr.  Gorg  Benson  hath  addressed  himselfe  to  us  desireing 
to  be  approved  for  ye  work  of  ye  Ministry  &  upon  tryall  &  examina- 
con  of  his  gifts  before  us  by  divers  Godly  &  able  Ministers  according 
to  ye  rule  of  ye  Act  of  Parliamt  is  found  fitt  to  preach  ye  Gospell  of 
Jesus  Christ  &  to  be  duely  qualified  &  guiftted  for  yt  holy  employmt 
&  hath  given  us  satisfaccon  of  his  holy  life  &  Conversacon  &  Con- 
formity to  ye  p'sent  Governmt  These  are  therefore  by  vertue  of  ye 
power  &  Authority  to  us  given  by  ye  parliamt  to  appoint  &  Consti- 
tute ye  said  Mr.  Benson  Minr.  of  Bridkirk  in  ye  County  of  Cumber- 
land And  he  is  hereby  appointed  &  constituted  Minr.  of  Bridkirk 
aforesaid  And  for  his  Support  and  Maintennce  It  is  ordered  yt  ye 
vicaridge  of  Bridkirk  paying  out  a  fifth  pte  to  Mrs.  Anne  Beeby  & 
twenty  poundes  out  of  Graystock  and  thirty  poundes  out  of  Bpps 
rents  according  to  ye  rentall  togeather  wth  the  Gleab  Landes  houses 
tithes  rents  issues  &  profits  to  ye  same  belonging  be  vested  &  settled 
upon  ye  said  Mr.  Benson  &  he  is  hereby  vested  in  ye  same  &  as 
lawfully  seised  thereof  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  if  he  had  beene 
instituted  and  inducted  according  to  any  formr.  Course  of  Law. 
Tho.  Delawell  P.  Hodson  Tho.  Cholmley  Jo.  Middleton  Geo.  Dawson 
Jo.  Ogle  Eobt  Hutton  Hen.  Horsley  Tho.  Craister  Jo.  Studdert  Lu. 
Rillingworth  Jo.  Crosthwaite  Edward  Winter  Tho.  Langhorn 
Exd.  Ant.  Parsons. 

Imps.  A  rentall  for  Mr.  Benson. 

Mr.  Henry  Baxter  p  tithes  of  raughton  Andr  :et  :purific  01  :  07  :  08 
Mr.  Jo.  Salkeild  p.  tithes  of  Upmanby  Andr  :et  :purific  08  :  00  :  00 
Sr.  ffra  Howard  p  tithes  of  Ritherby  Lam  :et  :Ann.  08  :  06  :  08 

Idem  p  tithes  of  Crosby— Idem  02  :  13  :  04 

Mr.    Jo.    Skelton    p    tithes    of    Ayketgate    &    Newclose 

Ellen  &  purif.  02  :  10  :  00 

The  tennts  of  Castle   Sowerby  bapt  &  purific  13  :  17  :  11 

Mr.  Jo.  Thomlinson  p  tithes  Willonbed  Mich  et  Ann  00  :  00  :  08 
Jo.  Nicholson  p  his  tithe  Mart   &   Whitt  00  :  00  :  04 


Tot.     36  :  16  :  07 


Cuthbert   Studholme  Tho.    Craister 
Tho  Langhorne  Edw.   Winter 
Jo.    Crosthwaite.' 


1.  Lambeth  MS.   (Plund.  Min.),   1006. 


Bridekirk  711 

Bridkerk.  ffeb.    1,    1654. 

In  pursuance  of  an  ordr  of  ye  Comrs  for  ppagacon  of  ye  Gospell  in 
ye  fower  Northern  Counties  of  ye  3rd  of  ffebr  1652  It  is  ordered  yt 
ye  yearely  Sume  of  36li  16s  07d  be  and  ye  same  is  hereby  Graunted 
to  Mr.  Georg  Benson  Minr  of  Bridkerk  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland 
(approved  &c)  out  of  ye  rents  &  pfits  of  ye  tithes  hereafter  menconed 
(vizt)  ye  yearely  Sume  of  one  pound  Seaven  Shills  &  eight  pence  out 
of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Eaughton  ye  yearely  Sume  of  81  i  out  of  ye 
pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Upmanby  ye  yearely  sume  of  8li  six  shills  & 
eight  pence  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Ritherby  ye  yearely  sume 
of  2li  13s  4d  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Crosby  ye  yearely  sume  of 
2li  10s.  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Ayketgate  &  Newclose  ye  yearely 
Sume  of  13li  17s  lid  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Castle  Sowerby 
ye  yearely  sume  of  eight  pence  out  of  ye  pfits  of  ye  tithes  of  Willon- 
bed  &  ye  yearely  sume  of  4d  payable  by  John  Nicholson  all  wthin  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  &  amounting  in  ye  whole  to  ye  yearely  Sume 
of  36li  16s  07d  ye  same  to  be  continued  &  payd  from  time  to  time  to 
ye  said  Mr.  Benson  for  such  time  as  he  shall  discharge  ye  duty  of 
ye  Ministr  of  ye  said  place  or  till  further  ordr  of  ye  said  Trustees 
togeather  wth  all  arreares  of  ye  said  yearely  Sume  of  361i  16s.  07d 
to  him  due  out  of  ye  prmises  by  ordr  of  ye  said  Comrs  of  ye  3rd  of 
ffebruary  1652  And  Mr.  Edmund  Branthwaite  Recevr  is  hereby 
appointed  &  authorized  to  pay  ye  same  unto  him  from  time  to  time 
togeather  wth  ye  said  arreares 
Jo.  Thorowgood  Ri  Sydenham  Edw.  Cressett  Ra  Hall  Jo  Pocock.  1 

The  Registers  give  tlie  names  of  the  following  children : 

1650-1   ffebr.    10th   Thomas  fil.    Georgii  Benson   de   Bridekirk   cler. 
bapt. 

1656  Jimij  6  Maria  fil.  Georgii  Benson  Clerici  nat. 

1660  Aprilis  18  Samuelis  fil  Georgii  Benson  vicarii  sepult. 

According  to  George  Larkham's  Register  of  baptisms 
Samuel  was  baptized  on  March  5,  1653-4 :  and  Mary  on 
June  13th,  1656.2 

The  Bensons  were  a  family  of  considerable  position  with 
representatives  about  Kendal  and  Ambleside.  Probably 
it  was  a  branch  of  this  family  that  was  resident  in  London 
in  the  16th  Century.  John  Benson  left  that  city  for  the 
north  about  the  end  of  Elizabeth's  reign,  and  settled  in 
Great  Salkeld,  Cumberland.  He  had  thirteen  sons,  from 
the  eldest  of  whom  descended  the  late  Lord  Bingley.     An 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.    (Plund.  Min.),   972. 

2.  MS.   Min.    Bk.    Cock.    Ch. 


712 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


important  branch,  made  its  home  in  Kendal,  whence  sprang 
Dr.  George  Benson,  for  some  time  Canon  of  Hereford, 
whose  son,  again.  Dr.  George,  Benson,  was  Canon  of 
Worcester  and  Dean  of  Hereford.  The  name  of  the 
family  is  linked  also  with  Dovenby,  Broughton  and  Cock- 
ermouth.  Foster  gives  in  his  list  of  Oxford  graduates  :  — 
Thomas  Benson  son  of  Thomas  of  Cockermouth,  also 
Thomas  Benson  son  of  William  of  Broughton;  while  the 
Bridekirk  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

1667  Julij  30  Elzabetha  filia  Mr.  Thomae  Benson  de  Dovenbia 
Sepulta  fuit. 

George  Benson,  the  Bridekirk  Minister,  was  the  youngest 
of  John  Benson's  thirteen  sons ;  and,  owing  to  the  evils  of 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.  he  entered  the  service  of  Parlia- 
ment in  its  struggles  with  the  King,  and  suffered  consider- 
ably in  his  fortune,  particularly  from  the  Scots,  previous 
to  the  battle  of  Worcester.^  He  appears  as  one  of  the 
seven  Founders  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Cocker- 
mouth  in  1651,  being  ordained  a  Teaching  Elder,  while 
George  Larkham  was  Pastor.  His  Ejection  from  Bride- 
kirk took  place  Oct.  31,  1660,  and  is  thus  described  in  the 
Cockermouth  Church  Book  :  — 

This  day,  Bro  :  Geo  :  Benson,  Teacher,  was  by  an  order  under  the 
hands  of  five  Comissionrs  Sitting  at  Keswick,  elected  uniustly,  from 
his  publike  place,  for  denying  (as  was  alleadged)  the  Baptism  of 
children — A   known   falsehood." 

That  passage  shows  that  local  influence  was  a  large 
determining  factor  in  these  matters  :  for  in  this  case  there 
was  no  Sequestered  Incumbent  to  claim  the  living, 
Nicholas  Beeby  being  dead ;  while  Sterne  had  not  as  yet 
ascended  the  Episcopal  throne  at  Carlisle.  In  George 
Larkham's  Diary  these  seems  to  be  a  little  contradiction 
in  the  matter  of  date :  — 


1.  "Hist,  of  the  Life  of  Jesus  Christ"  &c.  by  the  late  Rev.  George 
Benson,  D.D.,  1764,  with  Memoir  by  Thomas  Amory.  Copy  in  Jackson 
Library,   Carlisle. 

2.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 


Bridekirk  7 1 3 

April  15th  (1661).  My  Brother  Benson  lost  the  Vicarage  of  Bride- 
kirk. And  by  this  means,  the  poor  congregation  is  much  straitened 
as  to  liberty.  1 

As  Benson's  successor  was  not  instituted  until  some 
time  after  October,  it  would  appear  that  notwithstanding 
his  previous  Ejection,  he  somewhat  retained  his  position 
at  Bridekirk  until  the  following  year.  He  joined  in  the 
ordination  Certificate  of  James  Cave  in  1656;  but  neither 
his  name  nor  that  of  George  Larkham  appears  in  the 
letter  to  Richard  Baxter  of  date  1653,  respecting  the 
Worcestershire  Agreement.  Calamy's  account  of  him  is 
exceedingly  meagre,  only  four  lines  being  devoted  to  him. 
To  this  Palmer  adds  a  paragraph  supplied  by  his  illus- 
trious descendant,  Dr.  George  Benson  in  his  "  History  of 
the  Life  of  Christ."  Calamy  says  that  after  his  Ejection 
"  he  retir'd  into  Lancashire  where  he  liv'd  at  Kellet  and 
Preachd  in  his  House."  ^  The  Cockermouth  Church  Book, 
under  1662,   says:  — 

The  13th  of  ye  sd  month  Bro  Benson  went  from  this  part  into  his 
owne  country  of  Westmerland  to  live  for  a  season,  in  regard  of  ye 
difficulty  of  the  times,  That  soe  he  might  pvide  for  his  family.  The 
church  not  being  in  a  capacity  to  make  pvision  for  him,  as  they 
gladly  would.  3 

Here  again  there  appears  to  be  some  discrepancy,  but 
probably  the  two  passages  refer  to  different  periods 
of  life.  It  has  already  been  shown  that  the  Bensons  were 
resident  in  Kendal,  several  entries  relating  to  the  family 
appearing  in  the  Registers  there;  and  it  is  certain  that 
George  Benson  lived  there  for  some  time.  His  License, 
in  1672,  was  for  his  house  in  "  Kirkbie  Kendal,"  for 
^'  Presbyt "  worship.  The  Cockermouth  Church  Book  also 
says :  — 

1676  Oct.  1.  The  Church  broke  bread  together  at  ye  Pastrs  house 
at  Tallantyre  :  The  pastr  preacht  from  Luk  13.  24,  in  ye  morning 
part  of  the  day,  and  Mr.  Gilpin  of  New  Castle  exercised  in  ye 
evening  from  ps  73,  28.     The  same  day  one  James  Sutton  of  Kendall, 

1.  Lewis's   Hist.,    p.    146. 

2.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.   154. 

3.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 


714  The   Ejected   of  1662 

was  ppounded  and  received — A  good  testimony  of  his  life  being  given 
by  Bro  Benson  soiourning  there  :  And  he  satisfying  the  elders  as  to 
his  faith.  The  Lord  blesse  this  remote  plant  and  cause  him  to 
grow.  1 

During  this  period  George  Benson  retained  his  position 
among  the  Cockermouth  people,  and  the  Church  Book 
notes  several  visits  when  "  Brother  Benson  "  "discoursed" 
or  "  helped  in  the  work  of  prayer."  Subsequently  he 
removed  to  Kellet,  and  the  Kenyon  MSS.  give  among 
meeting  places  for  "  Presbiterians  "  certified  and  recorded 
in  1689,  but  appropriated  to  no  particular  persons  :  — 

Mr.   George  Benson's  house  in  Nether  Kellet. 
Certified   by 

Richard  Willson 
John  Willson 
William    Brathwait  2 

Whilst  he  was  at  Kellet  he  assisted  in  the  ordination  of 
Robert  Waddington,  June  5,  1682, 3  who  succeeded  him 
there,  and  subsequently  was  at  Tockholes,  near  Blackburn. 
Calamy^says  that  he  "  dy'd  1691  Aetat  76";  but  the 
Cockermouth  Church  Book  in  its  list  of  deceased  members 
has  the  following :  — "  Mr.  George  Benson,  Teacher  1692." 
He  ranks  with  George  Larkham  and  Richard  Gilpin  in 
his  influence  upon  Cumberland  Nonconformity.  A 
grandson  of  his  was  Dr.  George  Benson,  who  was  born  at 
Great  Salkeld  in  1699,  and  became  an  eminent  Noncon- 
formist Minister,  a  distinguished  Biblical  scholar,  and  a 
leader  in  the  Arian  naovement  of  the  18th  Century. 
Foster  gives  "  Thomas  Benson  son  of  Tho.  of  Cockermouth, 
vicar  of  Stanwix  in  1705  and  of  Dalston  1714,  and  Canon 
of  Carlisle  in  1716."  ^  Probably  this  was  another  of  his 
grandsons,  the  baptism  of  the  father,  Thomas,  being  on 
"  fEebr.  10th  1650-1." 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.,  Cock.  Ch. 

2.  H.  M.  C,  14th  Report,  Appendix,  Pt.  iv,  p.  232. 

3.  Heywood's  Diaries  (Horsfall  Turner),  vol.  ii,  pp.  209 — 211. 

4.  Calamy,   vol.   ii,   p.    154. 
6.  Al.   Ox. 


Bridekirk  7  t  5 

In  "  The  First  Publishers  of  Truth  "  is  a  statement  to 
the  effect  that  "Richard  ffarnsworth  Came  in  the  moveings 
of  the  Lord  to  Grayridge  Chappell  where  one  Benson,  a 
Preist,  being  then  Preaching,  And  in  the  dread  of  the 
Lord  declared  agst  all  hierling  preachers  that  deceive  the 
people."  ^  Unfortunately  no  date  is  given  and  there  is 
nothing  to  indicate  who  this  "Priest"  Benson  was. 

Samuel  Grastie,  M.A.,  1660/1—1664. 

He  was  presented  by  "Petrus  Ward  Med.  Dr.  et  Ellinor 
uxor,"  and  his  Institution  is  given  in  the  Episcopal 
Register  thus :  — 

Institution  of  Samuel  Grasty  to  Bridekirk,  Master  of  Arts,  March 
6  first  year  of  [Bishop  Sterne's]  Consecration  1660-1. 

The  Registers  are  our  authority  for  the  following :  — 

Nomina  Omnium  Baptizatorum,  nupt.  et  sepult.  in  parochia  de 
Bridekirke  Samuele  Grasty  vicario  anno  Institutionis  suae  secundo 
Aetatis  tricesimo  Imo   1661. 

He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1660.  The  names 
of  the  following  children  appear  in  the  Registers  :  — 

1662  Sep.  14.  Eosa  filia  Samuelis  Grasty  clerici  vie.  de  Bridekirke 
bapt. 

1663-4,  Jan.  31.  Lancelotus  filius  Samuelis  Grasty  vie.  de  Bride- 
kirke bapt. 

1664  Maii  4  Lancelotus  Grasty  infans  sepult. 

1664  Maii  Eosa  Grasty  infans  sepult. 

Foster  says: — "Grasty  Samuel  'Ser.'  Brasenose  Coll. 
matric.  14  June  1649;  B.A.  8  Feb.  1652-3  (6  s.  Thomas 
of  Warford,  Cheshire),  rector  of  Woodchurch,  Cheshire, 
until  ejected  1662 :  one  Samuel  Graysby  or  Grasby  vicar 
of  Bridekirk,  Cumberland,  1661,  and  of  Brougham  1664."2 
There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  Cheshire  and  Cumber- 

1.  P.  24. 

2.  Al.  Ox. 


7i6  The   Ejected   of  1662 

land  Grastie  or  Grasty  were  one  and  the  same  person.  ^ 
Walker,  under  Woodchurcli,  in  Cheshire,  says  :  — "  One 
Peter  Burgher  was  Presented  to  this  Living  in  1654 :  and 
the  same  year  I  find  one  Samuel  Grasty  also  upon  it."  ^ 
In  Ormerod's  "  Cheshire  "  it  is  stated  that  Grastie  appears 
in  the  Parish  Register  as  Pector  in  1655,  and  he  is  "again 
noticed  as  rector  in  1659,  but  intruder  in  all  the  interme- 
diate years." 2  His  appointment  to  Woodchurch  is  given 
in  the  following  terms :  — 

Woodchurch 

in  Cheshire. 

Samuel  Grastey  appointed  by  His  Highnes — the  living  sequestred 

from  Mr.  George  Burges  Dated  Whitehall  19th  day  of  August  1654. 

Cert,  by  Ralph  Hall  of  Knutsford  Samuel  Bruen  Minr  of  ye  Ghospell 

Joh.  Howe  of  Torrington  Peter  Adams  of  Stanney  Nat.  Stuke  Philip 

Grasby.  4 

Calamy,  as  Poster  suggests,  places  him  in  his  list  of 
Ejected  Ministers  for  Cheshire,  under  Woodchurch, 
merely  putting: — "Mr.  Graisly  or  Graisty."^  Urwick 
names  him  as  one  of  his  "  ten  ejected  Nonconformist 
Ministers  in  the  Wirrall  Deanery  in  1662  " ;  ^  and  Dr. 
Powicke  similarly  classes  him. '^     It  is  extremely  doubtful 

1.  Respecting  the  Grastie  family  Earwaker  gives  the  following 
details  : — Thomas  Grastie  of  Warford  gent  who  was  living  in  1664 
was  then  80  years  of  age.  By  his  wife  Alice  daughter  of  Henry  Ellis 
of  Withington  Co.  Chester,  he  had  8  sons  and  8  daughters,  of  whom 
Thomas  Grastie  son  and  heir  apparent  died  in  his  father's  lifetime 
leaving  by  Prudence  his  wife  daughter  of  Thomas  Hassall  of  Nantwich 
one  son,  Thomas  Grastie,  described  as  of  Warford  and  Withington  heir 
to  his  grandfather.  This  Thomas  Grastie  was  33  years  of  age  in  1664. 
The  Grasties  subsequently  went  to  live  at  Warrington  where  they 
appear  to  have  engaged  in  trade.  Children  of  Thomas  Grastie  Sen. 
(1)  Thomas,  (2)  John,  (3)  Henry,  (4)  Philip,  (5)  Nathan,  (6)  Samuel, 
(7)  Jonathan,  (8)  Benjamin,  and  (1)  Alice,  (2)  Elizabeth,  (3)  Margaret, 
(4)  Sarah,  (5)  Catherine,  (6)  Susanna,  (7)  Mary,  (8)  Martha.  (East 
Cheshire,   vol.   ii,  pp.   641-2.) 

2.  Walker,,    Pt.    ii,    p     191. 

3.  Quoted  in  Urwick's  Nonconformity  in  Cheshire,  p.  82. 

4.  Lambeth   MSS.    (Plund.    Min.),   997. 

5.  Calamy,  vol.   ii,  p.  131. 

6.  Nonconformity  in   Cheshire,   p.    66. 

7.  Hist,  of  the  Cheshire  Cong.  Union,  p.  274  . 


Bridekirk  7 1 7 

if  Samuel  Grastie  should  be  included  in  any  list  of 
Ejected  Ministers.  Certainly  he  was  gone  from  Cheshire 
long  before  the  Uniformity  Act  came  into  force;  and 
equally  certain  it  is  that,  if  the  Nonconforming  spirit  was 
in  him  at  all,  it  found  only  a  very  temporary  abode  there. 
It  is  ,  quite  possible  that  if  the  displaced  Woodchurch 
Incumbent  was  living  at  the  Restoration,  Samuel  Grastie 
found  it  necessary  to  give  way  for  him ;  but,  judging  from 
his  subsequent  action,  if  the  chance  of  remaining  had  been 
his  he  would  have  had  no  hesitation  about  accepting  the  new 
conditions.  If  in  any  sense  a  Nonconformist,  it  is  one  of 
the  ironies  of  the  situation  that  he  should  have  been  called 
to  succeed  the  Ejected  George  Benson  at  Bridekirk. 

Grastie  was  instituted  to  the  living  at  Brougham  in 
Westmorland  on  Sept.  8,  1664,^  and  he  resigned  Bridekirk 
on  the  5th  of  October. 

TiiOMAS  Belman,  M.A.,  1664—1680. 

Possibly  the  person  of  that  name  who  was  born  at 
Windermere,  received  his  early  education  at  Sedbergh 
Grammar  School,  and  went  thence  to  St.  John's  College^ 
Cambridge,  in  1655,  being  at  the  time  20  years  of  age.^ 
It  appears  that  previously  he  had  exercised  his  ministry 
for  some  time  in  the  County  of  Durham,  and  that,  in  1663, 
he  was  Curate  at  Distington  under  Edward  Fletcher. 
Appeal  was  made  to  Lord  Wharton  at  this  time,  both  by 
Francis  Higginson  of  Kirkby  Stephen  and  Henry  Lever 
of  Newcastle,  to  present  him  to  the  living  at  Dean, 
which  was  then  vacant.  Their  appeal  was  not  successful 
but  their  letters  are  interesting  reading :  — 

Right  Honourable. 

There  is  one  Mr.  Thomas  Belman  at  present  Curate  at  Distington 
under  Mr.  Edward  Fletcher,  who  tells  me  the  Parsonage  of  Dean  in 
Cumberland,  whereof  your  Lordship  is  Patron,  is  now  vacant  by  the 
death  of  Mr.  Fletcher  late  incumbent  there.  Mr.  Belman  hath 
importuned  me  to  make  mention  of  him  to  your  Lordship  as  desirous 

L  Vide  p.  1248. 

2.  Sedbergh  School  Register,  p.  81. 


71 8  The   Ejected   of  1662 


of  that  place,  if  your  Lordship  shall  judge  him  worthy  of  that  favour ; 
which  I  am  the  more  imboldened  to  doe  because  I  remember  he 
shewed  me  the  last  year  a  Paper  wherein  Mr.  Brisco  did  recommend 
him  to  your  Lordship  &  gave  a  very  good  character  of  him.  Besides 
he  hath  very  good  Testimonials  from  others  also  both  of  his 
learning  &  piety,  wch  I  have  seen.  If  your  Lordship  think  good 
&  will  be  pleased  to  signify  so  much  to  him,  he  will  make  a  journey 
to  London  to  waite  upon  your  Honour  there.  I  beseech  your 
Lordship  to  pardon  this  boldness  &  shall  ever  be 

Your    Honours    most  himible    & 
Kirkby  Stephen  faithfull  Servant 

Feby.  17,  1663.  Francis  Higginson. 

[Endorsed] 

flebr  17,   1663. 

Mr.   Higginson  to  my  Lord 

Concneing  Mr.  Belman 

about  ye  Psonage  of 

Deane.^ 

My  Very  Good  Ld 

Though  I  am  almost  discouraged  for  any  further  troubling  yor 
Lp  wth  my  Ires  (upon  supposition  that  all  that  ever  I  wrote  since  1 
last  kissed  yr  noble  hand  have  miscarryed)  yet  I  judge  it  my  duty  to 
Let  this  run  the  same  hazard  being  that  it  Concernes  not  only  my 
private  addresses  to  yor  Lp.  in  a  most  hvunble  Recognition  of  yr 
multiplied  condescensions  but  a  busines  of  an  higher  nature  in 
reference  to  the  Service  of  God  in  his  Chur.  This  gentleman  Mr. 
Belman  (who  I  perceive  hath  been  by  others  formerly  &  now  by 
Mr.  Higginson  is  recomended  to  yr  Lp)  is  a  person  whom  I  doe 
very  well  know.  I  was  present  when  he  passed  a  tryall  in  order  to 
his  Ordination,  I  am  well  acquaynted  with  the  best  of  that  people 
where  he  exercised  his  Ministry  in  his  County.  In  the  first  He 
discovered  very  comendable  abilityes.  And  I  can  assure  yr  Lp  that 
in  the  course  of  his  life  &  Ministry  He  had  the  good  testimony  both 
of  such  Ministers  &  good  people  as  he  did  converse  wth  all.  It  is 
indeed  about  2  or  3  yeares  since  He  left  these  parts  but  I  hope  He 
continieth  in  the  same  way  still  thai  no  good  man  need  be  ashamed 
to  beare  witnes  to  Him.  If  yr  Lp.  have  not  desposed  of  that 
Parsonage  of  Deane  for  wch  he  is  a  Suitr  I  do  humbly  cast  in  my 
petition  on  his  behalf  That  He  may  have  encouragement  from  yr  Lp. 
to  wayte  psonally  upon  yu  at  London  in  order  to  yr  Lps  more  full 
satesfaction  concerning  Him  if  you  shall  so  think  fitt  And  if  my 
obligations  be  not  so  great  &  many  already  that  they  admitt  of  no 

1.  Rawl.    MSS.    Letters   104. 


Bridekirk  719 

augmentation,  I  would  humbly  say  It  will  adde  to  those  noble  favours 
so  frequently'  vouchsafed  from  yr  noble  hand  unto 
My  Most  Honoured  Ld 

Yr  Lps  most  justly  devoted 
Servt 

Hen.  Lever. 
To  the  Rt  Hnble  his  very  noble  Ld  the  Lord 
Wharton    at   his    house    St.     Giles    near    the 
Church  these  humbly  present  in  London. 

[Endorsed] 

ffeb.   18,   1663. 
Mr.  Lever  to  my  Lord 
Concerning  Mr.   Belman   about  ye 
Psonage  at  Deane.' 

Thomas  Belman  was  instituted  to  Bridekirk  March  16, 
1664  on  a  Presentation  by  "  George  and  Thomas  Lamp- 
lugh  Ar."  The  Registers  say  that  in  1665  he  was  "  anno 
Institutionis  suae  primo  setatisque  tricesimo  t«rtio,"  and 
he  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1666.  He  had  the 
friendship  of  Sir  Joseph  "Williamson,  the  distinguished 
son  of  his  predecessor,  and  the  following  communications 
from  his  pen  are  worth  inserting :  — 
Sr 

I  am  heartily  sorry  yor  Brother  (my  very  good  friend  &  Gossop) 
hath  languished  soe  long  undr  (hitherto)  some  growing  distempers, 
yt  that  they  have  not  only  occasioned  his  confinemt  att  home,  but  alsoe 
have  much  weakened  (though  I  hope  not  wasted)  his  Naturall 
Strength,  for  Blessed  by  God,  he  hath  scarce  evr  hitherto  beene 
heart  sicke. 

A  litle  after  Midsumer  he  begun  wth  a  Dysentery  wch  brought 
him  very  weake,  but  by  ye  physicans  means  (undr  God)  was  cured  of 
yt  who  afterwards  for  ye  diversion  of  ye  humors  did  flux  him  att 
his  mouth  (wch  I  believe  did  continue  att  least  a  month)  before  ye 
humors  came  to  be  setled  (if  setled)  in  their  pp  places  yet  after  this 
he  gott  such  strength  yt  he  &  I  could  walk  abroad  into  ye  feilds  wth 
much   alacrity. 

But  after  this  he  fell  into  a  relaps  occasioned  (I  presume)  by  an 
extraordinary  cold,  whereupon  he  fell  into  an  illness  &  much  in- 
desposednes  againe  &  was  troubled  (&  is  somewht  to  this  day)  wth 
an  hoarseness  in  his  throat  yt  he  could  not  speake  but  as  though  he 
were  whispering.       But  now  wthin  this  2  or   3  dayes  he  begins  tv 

1.  Rawl.  MSS.  Letters  104,  fol.  65. 


720 


The   Ejected   of  1662 


recover  his  speech  againe.  The  Dr.  continued  wth  him  till  ye  last 
weeke,  but  yor  sister  expects  him  againe  wthin  this  few  dayes. 

I  was  very  much  afraid  of  a  consumpcion,  his  flesh  much  falling 
away  &  his  spirits  growing  very  heavy,  &  his  appetite  to  meat  very 
litle,  but  he  tells  mee  his  stomach  growes  better,  &  he  sleeps  well,  & 
yor  sister  hopes  yt  he  is  not  consumptive,  but  has  ye  symptomes  of  ye 
scurvy  in  a  high  degree.  I  am  almost  his  dayly  companion,  I  take 
much  content  in  his  &  his  Lady's  company,  I  doe  much  covet  theire 
health  &  happines  &  doe  begin  confidently  to  hope  yor  Br  pfect 
recovery. 

Good  Sr  p'don  ye  boldnes  of  this  &  ye  other  pag.  Excuse  all 
weaknesses  in  both  &  accept  of  ye  same  from  him  who  is  though 
unknown. 


Br.  8br.  2d.  (72). 

[Outside]  Mr.  Belman 
R.   7  Oct.  72. 


Sr.    yor  most    humbly   devoted 
Tho.   Belman. 

To 
The  ever   honoble 

Joseph  Williamson  Knt. 
These. 


In  Praestantissimam  memorabilemq  tui  Munificentiam  Centum 
Librarum  ad  emendandum  Scholae  Dovenbiensie  Stipendium  nuper- 
rime   collatam. 

O  faelix  Animi,  pretij  quj  munera  donat  nobis  ac  nostris  talia  facta 

placent. 
Adfuit  in  tali  non  parvum  pectore  numen,  Gaudia  eij  primo  haud 

vestra  negate   viro. 
Nam  decies  denas  donavit  munere  libras,  in  quibus  est  pueris,  cura 

placere  viris. 
Dignus    es    argento     fulvo    quoq    dignior    Auro ;    venturi    Soboles 

Grandia  laudet  opum. 
Non  tibi,   sed  nobis  notus  es,   quid  plurima  dicam.       Non  tibi  sat 

famam   garrula   lingua  dedit. 
Cum   tibi   Supremos   Lachesis  perneverit   annos,   hie  tibi   perpetuo 

tempore  vivet  honor 

Tho.  Belman,   Bridek,   Vic. 

Benignitas  tua  pijssima  Dole  viroru  optime,  per  Parochianos  meos 
sit  gratissime  recognita. 

Praesidiumq  decus  musarum  fautor,  alumne, 

Ter  tres  Castalides  vario  modulamine  plaudunt. 

Grandia  nomie  tibi  fecit  Regnator  Olympi. 

Ac  Boreae  Patriae  fecisti  grandia  Nobis 

Quid  tibi  nunc  dabimus.     Nomen ;  Quid  Nomen.     Honoris. 

Non  tibi  sed  Nobis  reddit  praenobile  factum. 


Bridekirk  721 

Certe  Nobilitas  sola  est  atq  unica  virtus.  , 

Jam  Superis  opus  est  meritas  tibi  reddere  laudes, 
Heroae  famam  mentis  non  possumus  omnes. 
Laetificae  vultus  laetus  transfertur  ad  astra. 
Quid  dabimus,  grates  :  demus  tibi  parvula  thura, 
Offendunt  nunqua  talia  thura  Jovem. 

Utinam  Dominus  Deus  te  Ecclesiae  suae, 

Regi   nostro ; 
Reipublicae,  tuis  et  nobis  omnibusq  longum 
Servaret  incolumen ;  ita  precatur  qui  est, 
et  est  futurus 

Doie  Tui  Honoris   (dum  vixerit)  observan- 
tissimus 

Thomas  Belman. 
Bridekirkiae 

Ex  Musaeo  Meo 
2do  die  8bris   1672 
[Endorsed  behind] 

Omatissimo  praeclarissimoq  viro 
Doio  Josepho  Williamson 
Militj 
hae 
Londin  j.  * 

It  would  appear  from  the  following  that  Thomas 
Belman,  who  died  in  1680,  for  some  time  had  a  Curate  to 
assist  him: — "John  Bolton  Curatus  de  Bridekirke  "  who 
was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  21,  1673,  Priest  Sept.  15, 16T4.2 

ElCHARD  TiCKELL,  M.A.,  1680—1685. 

He  was  instituted  May  28,  1680,  on  a  Presentation  by 
Richard  Lamplugh,  and  held  the  living  at  Egremont  also 
during  part  of  this  time.  Subsequently  he  was  at  Disting- 
ton.  3  Poster  has  the  following  respecting  a  son :  — 
"Tickell  Thomas  s.  E,ic.  of  Bridekirk,  Cumberland,  cler. 
Queen's  Coll.  matric.  16  May,  1701,  aged  15,  B.A.  1705, 
fellow,  M.A.  22  Feb.  1708-9;  secretary  to  Joseph  Addison 
and  to  Craggs,  secretaries  to  the  lords  justices  in  Ireland, 
1724,  until  he  died  at  Bath  21  April  1740."  * 

1.  S.  p.  Dom.,  Car.  ii,  316,  fol.  18. 

.  Episcopal  Register. 

3.  Vide  pp.  802,  829. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 


A  U 


722 


The    Ejected   of  1662 


David  King,  M.A.,  1685—1701. 

He  was  instituted  January  6,  1685,  on  the  same  Presen- 
tation.    Visiting  Bridekirk  on  Aug.  21,  1694,  Thoresby 

says : — 

The  honest  parson  was  very  obliging  in  showing  us  the  famous 
foait  and  the  register,  where  one  of  his  predecessors  had  writ  a 
small  account  of  it  but  without  any  knowledge  of  the  letters.^ 

Tliis  would,  of  course,  be  David  King.  Nicolson  and 
Burn  say  tbat  be  died  in  1701,  but  tbis  was  not  so,  for  be 
was  subsequently  at  Lamplugb.^ 

John  Harrison,  1701 — 1720. 

He  was  instituted  May  28,  1701,  and  inducted  tbe  day 
following.     He  died  in  1720. 


1.  Diaries,  vol.  i,  p.  273. 

2.  Vide  p.  777. 


III.     ISEL. 

Isel  is  about  fire  miles  north  east  of  Coekermoiitli.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Michael,  and  lies  on  the  north 
bank  of  the  Derwent,  just  across  the  river,  beautifully 
sequestered.  The  Registers,  the  earliest  of  which  are  in 
a  long  parchment  volume,  begin  with  marriages  in  Oct. 
1669,  the  first  baptisms  being  in  1670.  The  writing  is 
clear,  and  the  Registers  are  in  good  condition.  The 
following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents :   — 

Leonard  Cape,  1581 — 1594. 

Foster  gives  a  William  Cape,  a  native  of  Cumberland, 
who  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  in  1595,  at 
the  age  of  18,  and  subsequently  became  M.A.  and  B.D.^ 

Leonard  Cape  died  in  1594. 

Anthony  Wharton,  B.A.,  1594 — 1636. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Dec.  22,  1622,  and  is  given  as 
of  ''  Cest.  Dioc."  Foster  has  several  persons  of  this  name 
in  his  Oxford  Alumni;  but  no  one  is  assigned  to  Isel. 
He  died  in  1636. 

Percival  Head,  M.A.,  1636. 

He  was  instituted  Nov.  3,  1636,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  Will  Lawson  de  Isall  hall  Ar."  Foster  says  that  he 
was  the  son  of  Thomas  Head  of  Raughton  Head,  matricu- 
lated at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Feb.  18,  1624-5,  at  the 
age  of  19  years,  graduated  B.A.  Feb.  15,  1625-6,  and  M.A. 
June  30,  1630.^  It  is  not  known  how  long  he  remained 
here;  but  in  1646  and  1659  we  have  the  following:  — 

Cumberland.  Att  &c.   November  11  Anno  Dni   1646. 

By  vertue   &c  ordered  that   the   yearely   sume  of  ffifty   pounds   be 

payde  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorye  of  Isell  in  the 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Ihid. 


724  The   Ejected   of  1662 

County  of  Cumberland  sequestred  from  Wilfrid  Ireton  and  Lawson 
Iretan  his  Sonne  Delinquents  to  and  for  increase  of  the  Maintenance 
of  ye  Minister  of  ye  pish  Church  of  Isell  aforesaid.  The  Viccaridge 
whereof  is  not  worth  Twenty  five  pounds  p  Ann  And  the 
Sequestrators  of  the  pmisses  are  requested  to  pay  the  same  accordingly 
att  such  tymes  and  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  ye  said  profitts  shall  grow 
due  and  payable. 

Har.   Grimston.  * 
IseU. 
d.d.  Mar.  3d.  ffebr  24,  1659. 

Whereas  the  Maintennce  belonging  to  ye  Ministr  of  laell  in  ye 
County  of  Cumberland  exceedeth  not  ye  yearly  value  of  twenty 
pounds  It  is  therefore  ordered  that  the  yearly  Sume  of  thirty  pounds 
be  graunted  to  and  for  increase  of  ye  Maintennce  of  such  godly  & 
painfull  preachers  of  ye  Gospell  as  shall  be  from  time  to  time  setled 
Ministr  of  ye  sd  Church  &  duely  approved  of  as  by  Authority  of 
parliamt  is  directed. 

Jo.  Thorowgood  Geo  Cowper  Wm.  Skinner  Jo  Pococke  Ri.  Yong." 

Geo.  Williamson  writing  to  Jos.  Williamson,  Apr.  16, 
1660,  among  other  things,  says  thai  Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson 
M.P.  for  Cockermouth,  wants  to  see  J.  W.  in  London, 
and  "  he  hopes  you  [J.  W.]  will  provide  an  able  minister  for 
Isell,  and  he  will  try  to  get  him  good  means  settled. 
There  is  60Z  now."  ^  Whether  in  response  to  this  Richard 
Fletcher  was  appointed,  or  some  other  person  filled  the 
vacancy  for  a  short  time,  does  not  appear. 

Richard  Fletcher,  B.A.,  1661—1668/9. 

In  the  Episcopal  Register  he  is  given  as  "  George,"  and 
was  instituted  Oct.  29,  1661,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"  Wilfrid  Lawson  Mil."  Foster  gives  several  persons  of 
this  name  as  Alumni  of  Oxford,  and  says  one  was  at  Isel.* 
The  Brigham  Registers  note  his  burial  thus :  — 
Rich,  ffletcher  Vicar  of  Isell.     Jan.   10,  1668/9. 

Doubtless  the  person  of  this  name  who  was  at  Distington 
in  1655. 5 

1.  S.P.Dom.  Inter.  F.  1.  (Record  Office);  Duplicated  in  Bodl.  MS.,  323. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  987. 

3.  Cal.  of  S.  P.  for  1659-60,  p.  415. 

4.  Al.  Ox. 

5.  Vide  p.  801. 


Isel  725 

George  Starke,  1669—1703. 

He   was    instituted    Sept.    18,    1669,    on    the    death   of 

Richard    Fletcher,    being    described    as    "Scotus."      The 

Presentation  was  made  by  "  Wilfrid  Lawson  Mil."     At 

one  end  of  the  Register  Book,  in  George  Starke's  own 

peculiar  writing,  is  the  following  interesting  statement :  — 

George  Starke  Vicar  of  Isell  was  born  in  the  parish  of  Ballmerrino 

Kyrkton(  ?)  in  the  portion(  ?)  of  Couper  in  fiffe  upon  the  Eleventh  of 

Novbr  and  baptised  upon  the  13  1644  he  was  ordained  preist  by  the 

Archbishop  of  Glasgow  in  the  grey  friers  Church  of  Edenbrough  upon 

the  Eleeventh  day  of  March  1665  &  Licensed  to  preach  at  higgett(  ?) 

22   day   of  June   1668  presented  to   Isell  by  the  truly  honorable   Sr 

Wilfrid   Lawson  May(?)    ye  last    1669    &   ye    bishop   being  then    at 

london   not    Instituted    till    Septr.    8th    following   He    was    married 

July  22  1669  &  had  a  daughter  born  Appr  22,  1670  who  was  baptized 

25  &  caled  Magdalene. 

Itm  Novbr  19,  1671  a  daughter  and  was  called  Isabell. 
Itm  May  8th  1673  a  Son  called  George  both  dead. 
Itm  June  15,   76  a  daughter  who  upon  ye  25  was  baptized  &  called 

ffrances. 
It.  May  30,  79  two  sons  William  and  Thomas   dead  both. 
It.  August  21,   1682  was  bom  to  him   a   Son  who  upon  the   31   was 
baptized  &  called  Edward. 
Testor   Appr   ye 
ninth  1698 
G.  Starke. 

In  the  burial  entry  of  "  Wilfrid  lawson  knt  barronet " 
on  Dec.  27,  1688,  he  says :  "  my  very  honered  &  dearly 
beloved  lord  &  patrone."  In  the  Registers  after  March, 
1697-8  he  writes:  — 

Thus  far  was  transcribed  &  finished  Appr.  7,  1698,  byG.  Starke,  Vic. 
From  this  it  would  appear  that  previous  entries  are  copies 
from  older  documents  that  have  perished ;  and  the  charac- 
ter of  these  earlier  entries,  which  are  very  meagre,  giving 
no  information  beyond  the  name  of  the  person,  agrees  with 
this  suggestion.  George  Starke  died  in  1703,  his  burial 
entry  reading  thus  :  — 

lOth  June  1703  George  Stark  Vicr  was  buried.  He  was  vicr  of  Isell 
34  years  &  6  weeks. 

An  Inquisition  took  place  at  Blencrake  on  Oct.  12,  1686, 
with  "Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson,  Knt.  and  Bart.,  Wm.  Winder, 


726  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Edwd.  Cleminston  and  Eobt.  Blakelin  "  as  plaintiffs  and 
"Chris.  Irton  Sen.,  Chris.  Irton  Jun.,  John  Simpson  and 
Chris.  Borranskell  "  as  defendants.  The  matter  in  dispute 
was  the  "  Rectory,  Yicaridge  and  parish  of  Isell  and  the 
townships  of  Blincrake  Sunderland  Isell  old  Parke,  and 
Isell  Gate,  a  tenement  called  Millstone  Moore  tenement 
Situate  on  Millstone  Moor  &c.  &c.  Mills  and  bound. 
Tithes."  1 

Peter  Parish,  MA.,  1703—1711. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  28,  1703,  and  the  Registers 
state  that  he  read  "  the  39  articles  &c.  on  Sunday 
ye  5th  day  September  in  ye  year  of  our  Ld. 
One  Thousand  Seven  Hundred  &  Three."  Foster  says 
that  he  was  B.A.  and  M.A.  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in 
1712,  being  incorporated  at  Oxford  Oct.  16,  1720. ^  He 
removed  to  Plumbland  in  1711.^  A  person  of  this  name 
was  ordained  Deacon  March  17,  1668-9.^ 

William  Pool,  M.A.,  1711—1719. 

He  was  a  graduate  of  Glasgow  University,  and  was 
inducted  to  the  living  at  Isel  by  Peter  Parish  on  June  5, 
1711.     He  was  previously  a  Curate  at  Caldbeck. 

Thomas  Leathes,  B.A.,  1719. 

He  was  inducted  also  by  Peter  Parish  on  Oct.  24th, 
1719,  and  removed  to  Plumbland.^  He  was  the  son  of 
John  Leathes  of  Cockermouth,  and  was  educated  at  Queen's 
College,  Oxford,  matriculating  there  March  27,  1708.^ 

John  Kendall,  B.A.,  1729—1782. 

He  was  inducted  by  Thomas  Leathes  on  June  3,  1729, 
Stephen  Grove,  Curate  of  Bassenthwaite,  being  one  of  the 

1.  Ex.  Dep.  Mich.  8,  Rec.  Office. 

2.  Al.   Ox. 

3.  Vide  pp.  590,  807. 

4.  Episcopal  Register. 

5.  Vide  p.  590. 

6.  Al.  Ox. 


Isel  727 

witnesses ;  and  remained  here  until  liis  death  in  1782.     In 
the  graveyard  is  a  tombstone  thus  inscribed :  — 

John  Kendall,  B.A.  died  May  7. 

1782  in  his  81st  year 

vicar  53  years. 

It  appears  from  the  following  that  he  gave  special  care 
to  the  Registers  :  — 

At  this  Date  [1750]  endeth  this  Register  Containing  a  Term  of 
Eighty  one  Years ;  viz.  from  the  Year  of  our  Lord  1669  to  1750 
Inclusive;  tho  it  appears  that  within  this  compas  three  years  that  is 
1673,  1674  &  1675  are  a  wanting.  How  this  has  happened  cannot  be 
known  at  this  Distance  of  Time.  I  think  myself  obliged  to  declare 
farther  for  the  Satisfaction  of  those  into  whose  Hands  This  may  fall 
that,  tho  it  be  not  here  Specified  that  every  particular  year,  since  I 
came  to  this  Place  was  Transmitted  to  the  Bishop's  Registry ;  yet  they 
were  all  duly  transmitted  every  Yearly  Visitation.  So  that  None 
need  to  doubt  that  this  is  a  good  and  Authentick  Register. 
Witness  my   Hand 

John  Kendall,  Vicar. 


ly.     DEAEHAM. 

A  few  miles  norfli  of  Cockermouth  is  Dearham.  The 
dedication  of  tlie  Church  is  lost;  and  the  Registers,  re- 
bound in  1826,  begin  in  1662,  as  the  following  shows :  — 

A  Register  of  all  chrestenings  buryalls  &  Maryages  within  the 
parish  of  Dearham  ffrom  Octor.  7,  1662  made  by  me  Mugr  Sleddall 
ibidm.  vicarium  Ano  Dom.  1662. 

Referring   to  this   book,    and   an   older   one    still,    when 

writing  in  1703,  Bishop  ISTicolson  says:  — 

The  New  Register-Book  (beginning  at  the  year  1662)  was  in  the 
Vicarage-House  :  But  the  older,  which  is  said  to  carry  a  good  Age, 
was  (unaccountably)  in  the  keeping  of  the  Clerk,  who  was  abroad  at 
ye  Harvest.^ 

This  earlier  volume  is  still  wanting.  The  present  one  is 
in  good  condition,  and  the  writing  is  not  difficult  to 
decipher.     The  following  is  a  list  of  Incumbents  :  — 

Henry  Adcock,  1593. 

Edward  Dykes,  1600. 

I^icolson  and  Burn  say  that  he  resigned  in  this  year.^ 
A  person  of  this  name  was  at  Distington  in  1588.^ 

John  Bowman,  1600. 

He  was  instituted  November  3rd,  1600. 

Michael  Hurd  or  Hird,  1623. 

This  is  the  date  of  his  death.  There  was  a  Michael 
Hirde  at  Patterdale  in  1623. -^ 

William  Harrison,  1623. 
Instituted  Nov.  17,  1623. 

Musgrave  Sleddall,  B.A.,  1662/3 — 1685. 

He  is  given  as  the  son  of  Thomas  Sleddall  of  Penrith,  a 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  86. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.   114: 

3.  Vide  p.  799. 

4.  Vide  p.  1229. 


Dearham  729 

brother,  Roger,  having  his  Will  proved  in  1667,  and  a 
younger  brother  being  Lamplngh  Sleddall.  Musgrave 
Sleddall  was  collated  to  Dearham  February  4th,  1662/3. 
He  had  the  living  of  Cross  Canonby  as  well ;  and  in  the 
account  of  that  place  the  reader  will  find  additional 
information  about  him.^  His  burial  entry  in  the  Dearham 
Registers  appears   thus:  — 

1685  July  the  second  day  was  Mr.  Musgrave  Sleddall  Vicar 
buryed. 

His  Will,  which  was  proved  in  1685,  is  in  the  following 
terms  :  — 

In  ye  name  of  God  Amen  January  ye  Second  1677  1  Musgrave 
Sleddall  of  Dearham  Clarke  being  of  good  &  pfect  remembrance  to 
ye  Glory  &  praise  of  Almighty  God  doe  make  this  my  last  Will  & 
Testament  in  manner  &  forme  following. 

ffirst  I  resigne  my  Spirit  into  ye  hands  of  ye  Father  of  Spirits  & 
into  ye  bosome  of  my  deare  Lord  &  Saviour  Jesus  Christ  trusting 
through  his  Merits  &  Sufferings  ye  Salvation  of  my  Soule  And  1 
Commit  my  body  to  ye  earth  from  whence  it  came  desyring  to  have 
decent  &  Xtian  buryall  And  as  for  my  Worldly  goods  I  dispose  of 
ym  as  followeth — ffirst  I  give  &  bequeath  unto  my  Sonne  Thomas 
Sleddall  my  whole  study  of  bookes  All  my  Apparall  one  Wainscot 
chaire  one  trunke  one  deske  &  a  table  in  my  Study  And  I  give  unto 
him  my  Clocks  Ite  I  give  &  bequeath  unto  Thomas  Sleddall  my 
Sonne  five  pounds  Ite  I  give  unto  my  brother  Lamplugh  Sleddall  one 
pound  tenn  shillings  wch  he  is  owing  me  Ite  1  give  unto  my  nephew 
&  godsonne  Robert  Bewly  an  eleven  Shilling  piece  of  gold  desyring 
him  to  be  helpful  to  my  wife  in  calling  up  of  my  debts.  Ite  I  give 
&  bequeath  all  ye  rest  of  my  goods  Cattell  &  Chatles  unto  my  deare 
&  loveing  wife  Jane  Sleddall  wm  I  make  &  ordaine  my  sole  executrixe 
of  this  my  last  Will  and  testament  Witnesse  my  hand  &  Scale  ye 
day  &  yeare  above  written 
Witnesses  hereof 

Richard  Fletcher  Jun.  Musgrave  Sleddall. 

Rob  Cuthbertson. 

M.  S. 

Richard  Murthwaite,  1686 — 1701. 

He  was  collated  October  15th,   1686.       The  reader  is 

1.  Vide  p.  735. 


730 


The   Ejected    of  1662 


referred  to  the  account  of  Gilcrux  for  further  information 
respecting  him.^ 

Peter  Murthwaite,  1701 — 1736. 

He  was  collated  August  20th,  1701.  Bishop  Nicolson, 
in  1703,  speaks  of  him  as  "  an  honest  poor  man  and  father 
of  a  growing  Number  of  Children.  Happy  he  is  in  the 
dayly  encouragement  and  support  that's  given  him  by 
Evan  Christian  Esqr.  who  so  well  approves  of  the  poor 
man's  Conversation  and  Doctrine  that  he  gives  him  the 
corn-Tithes  of  Ewanrigg,  those  of  his  own  Demesne  there 
onely  excepted."  ^ 

The  Registers  are  rich  in  Wheelwright,  Fletcher  and 
Eaglesfield  entries.     The  following  are  worth  notice  :  — 

The  wife  of  John  Wheelwright  of  the  Row  was  buried  the  26th  of 
January    1692. 

A  child  of  Thomas  Richardson  was  buried  unbaptized  the  same 
day.     these  2  were  anabapt. 

Mrs  Margaret  Dykes  aged  106  yeares  was  buried  the  Third  day  of 
March   1685. 

Could  the  latter  have  been  the  widow  of  Edward  Dykes, 
Vicar  of  this  place  in  1600  ? 

1.  Vide  p.  734. 

2.  Miscel.,   p.   87. 


Y.     GILCRTJX. 

In  older  documents  this  is  often  "Gilcruce,"  and  it  is  still 
so  pronounced.  It  is  a  few  miles  north  of  Cockermouth  and 
a  couple  of  miles  from  Bullgill  Station.  The  Church  here, 
a  quaint  little  structure,  is  dedicated  to  St.  Mary.  The 
Registers  begin  in  1589  and  are  said  to  be  "  compositu. 
p  me  Thoma  Dover  ibidem  vicariu.''  The  earliest  volume 
is  in  parchment,  writing  quite  plain,  but  it  has  suffered 
considerably  from  damp.  The  following  is  a  list  of 
Incumbents  :  — 

Thomas  Dover,  1589. 

Several  Dover  entries  appear  in  the  Registers,  one  in 
1603,  being  the  baptism  of  "  Thomas  Dover  filius  Tho.  9 
Januarij."  How  long  he  held  the  living  after  this  is  not 
known ;   but  the  Registers  give  the  following  :  — 

Novembris    1625    Elizabetha    Dover    uxor    Thomae    Clerici    sepult 

decimo   sexto. 

Nicholas  Banks,  1611. 

In  the  Registers  is  the  following :  — 
Anno  Dom.  1611  hie  incipit  Nicholas  Bankes  vie. 
He  appears,  however,  to  have  resigned  in  that  year.     He 
was  later  Curate  of  Flimby  and  also  of  Camerton.^ 

Edward  Cooke,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1611. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  September  29,  1608,  and  is 
described  as  "  de  Keswick."  The  Registers  give  the 
following  which  probably  marks  the  date  of  his  Induction 
to  the  living  :  - — 

Anno  doi  1611  October  8  Edward  Cooke  Mr  in  Artibu.  et  vicarius 
de  pochia  de  Gilcrux. 

Nicolson  and  Burn  speak  of  him  as  removing  in  1612  -^ 
but  that  is  a  mistake.  It  is  probable  that  this  is  the 
person  who  appears  at  Brigham  in  1618,  in  the  account  of 

1.  Vide  p.  758. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Burn,  vol.  ii,  p.   117. 


732  The   Ejected   of  1662 

which   place   the   reader    will   find    further    information 

about  him.^ 

EicHARD  Wilkinson,  1618. 

He  was  collated  by  Bishop  Snowdon  on  June  12th,  1618, 
Nicolson  and  Burn  wrongly  giving  1612  as  the  date.  The 
"Wilkinsons  were  a  numerous  and  influential  family  in 
this  neighbourhood,  the  following  entries  from  the 
Registers    being   evidence;     but    whether    they    refer    to 

connections  of  Richard  Wilkinson  is  not  clear. 

Thomas  Wilkinson  filius  Richardi  bapt.  Tricesimo  primordie  Octo- 
bris   1624. 

Joyce  filia  Richardi  Wilkinson  bap  fuit  sexto  die  ffebraarii  1639. 
Nicolson    and   Burn   say   that   he   lived   until   after  the 
Restoration  of  the  King,  and  made  way  for  his  successor 
in  1664.     Bishop  Nicolson  gives  some  further  information 
about  him  in  the  passage  quoted  later. ^ 

Peter  Murthwaite,  1664 — 1675. 

The  Episcopal  Register  gives  the  following  :  — 

9br  17th  These  are  to  Certify  all  whome  itt  may  concern  yt  peter 
Murthwaite  Clerk  vicar  of  Gilcrux  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland  & 
Diocess  of  Carlisle  hath  subscribed  ye  Declaration  &  Acknowledgmt 
required  of  him  by  ye  Act  of  parlt  xiijto  Car  2d  intituled  An  Act 
for  ye  Uniformity  of  publique  prayers  &  for  Witness  &c  1  have 
hereunto  sett  my  hand  &  seale 

Collation  to  Vicarage  of  Gilcrux  xx  Sep.   ^^oi. 
The  Gilcrux  Registers  contain  the  following  information 
respecting  the  Murthwaite  family,  three  of  whom  held  the 
Gilcrux  living  in  succession :  — 

Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  was  born  at  Blacksikes  in  Plumpton  Ap.  19, 
1612  was  inducted  vicar  of  Gilcrosse  when  Schoolemaster  of  Cocker- 
mouth  November  Anno  Domini  1664  aged  52. 

Mr.    Richard   Murthwaite  was  baptized   Julij    ye   23   A.D.    1634  was 
inducted  upon  his  father's  death  1675  aged  41. 

My  Grandfather  died  63  years  old. 
I  was   baptized  on   St.   Peter's  day  1666  inducted  upon  my  father's 
death  1704  aged  38  therefore  my  father  died  70  years  old.     Peter  my 
third  son  was  baptized  ye  15  of  August  1703. 

All  this  is  in  the  same  handwriting.     The  Cockermouth 
Registers   give   the   following   entries   respecting  several 

1.  Vide  p.  748. 

2.  Vide  p.  734. 


Gilcrux  7Z2> 

children    born    whilst    Peter    Murthwaite,    senior,    was 

Schoolmaster  there  :  — 

Baptism.     Richard  the  son  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  the  23  day  1634. 

Baptism  (?)  [1635]  Henry  the  Sonn  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite — 27  day. 

1636-7  Januarye  Peter  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  Scholemr 
of   Cockermouth  was  baptized   29th   day. 

1637  July  Peter  ye  sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cockermouth 
was  buryed  here  July  9th  day. 

Chrestening  1638  Mabell  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of 
Cockermouth  was  baptized  here  Aprill  22nd  day. 

1639  Chrestening  William  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  murthwaite  of 
Cockermouth  was  baptized  July  rx  day. 

1640  July  Henrye  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cocker- 
mouth was  buryed  xvij  day. 

William  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cockermouth  was 
buryed  xxvij  day  July   1640. 

1641  Mary  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Peter  murthwaite  of  Cockermouth 
was  baptized  2d  day  October. 

1642  Elizabeth  ye  daughter  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cocker, 
was  baptized  October  26th  day. 

1644  Joseph  ye  Sonne  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cockermouth 
was  baptized  September  2d  day. 

1645  Mary  ye  wife  of  Mr.  Peter  Murthwaite  of  Cockermouth  was 
buryed  October  14th  day. 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  the  beautiful  hand- 
writing of  the  Cockermouth  Registers  was,  in  all  proba- 
bility, the  work  of  Peter  Murthwaite,  even  as  is  that  of  the 
Gilcrux  Registers,  Latin  being  freely  used  in  both.  At 
the  bottom  of  the  page  preceding  the  new  entries  of  1664 
is  the  following  :  — 

The   Rebellion   of   the   late   years   and   negligence   of   the  spurious 

Registers  not  haveing  p 'formed   thier  duty  have  caused  these  pages 

to  be  left  for  the  recording  of  what  is  neglected. 

In  the  same  neat  hand  is  the  following  also :  — 

Regestrum  oium  Baptizatorum  nuptor.  &  Mortuor  infra  parochiam 

de  Gilcrux  Renovat  &  insertatu(?)  per  Petrum  Murthwaite  Clericum 

Vicarium   ibim    a   die  inductionis   ejus   vizt.    decimo    die    Novembris 

Anno  Redemptionis  Nostrae    1664. 

Peter  Murthwaite  received  his  license  as  Schoolmaster 
May  3rd,  1637,  from  "  Xorem  Mainwaring  "  of  Chester. 
It  would  appear  that  he  was  at  Hutton-in-the-Forest  about 
1646,  though  in  what  capacity  is  not  clear.  His  hand- 
writing may  be  seen  in  an  old  Account  Book  there,  and  the 


734  The    Ejected    of  1662 

burial  of  a  son,  Josepli,  is  recorded  in  the  same  Book.  He 
subscribed  the  Declaration  August  14tli,  1662 ;  and  died 
in   1675,   bis  burial  entry  in  the   Cockermouth  Registers 

reading  thus  :  — 

Mr.  peter  Murthwaite  vicar  of  Gylcrux  &  Schoolemaster  of  Cocker- 
mouth  was  buryed  Novemb   16,   1675. 

Richard  Murthwaite,  1675 — 1704. 

He  is  described  as  "  de  Cockermouth,"  being  ordained 
Deacon,  September  15th,  1674. ^  He  was  collated  November 
18th,  1675,  on  the  death  of  Peter  Murthwaite,  whose  son 
he  was ;  and  held  the  living  at  Dearham  in  Plurality  with 
that  of  G-ilcrux  for  some  time.  The  Registers  say  that  he 
"  ad  banc  vicariam  Inductus  f  uit  Decimo  nono  die 
Novembris  1675."     They  also  give  the  following:  — 

Katherine  the   daughter   of   Mr.    Eichard   Murthwaite   was   buried 

the  4  of  July  1699. 

1700    Margery   the    wife    of   Mr.  Richard    Murthwaite    Vicar    was 

bury'd  the  23  of  July. 

His  own  burial  entry  is  as  follows  :  — 

Mr.  Eichard  Murthwaite  Vic.   bur.  March  ye  23,  1703-4. 

Peter  Murthwaite,  1704 — 1736. 

He  was  collated  April  5,  1704,  and  according  to  the 
Registers  inducted  "  April  ye  8  1704 "  by  "  Mr.  John 
Harrison  vicar  of  Bridekirk."     He  died  in  1736. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  in   1703,  has   an  interesting 

paragraph  respecting  Gilcrux,  in  which  he  gives  the  list 

of  Incumbents  for  the  Century  in  the  following  terms :  — 

The  Eegister-book  begins  at  1589  when  Tho.  Dover  was  Vicar.     He 

was    succeeded    in    1611   by   Nicholas    Banks,    sometime    Curate    of 

Flemby;  who  was  removed  hence  to  Cammerton  before  ye  end  of  ye 

year  :  For  it  appears  that  Edward  Cooks  was  inducted  Oct.   8,  1611. 

He  was  also  soon  Translated ;  and    (in  1612)    succeeded  by  Eichard 

Wilkinson,   Schoolmaster  of  Dovenby,  who  continu'd  Vicar  till  after 

the   Eestoration   of  K.   Charles   the  Second.     This   man  minded-  his 

Temporal  Concerns   (leaveing  a  Considerable  Estate)  better  than  the 

Affairs  of  the  Church  :   So  that  the  Eegister-Book  is  very  lame  and 

imperfect   dureing   his  Incimibency.     In  1664    (Nov.    10)    Mr.    Peter 

Murthwait,  Schoolmaster  of  Cockermouth ;  who  was  succeeded  by  his 

son  Eichard  Murthwait  in  1675   inducted,    Nov.  19.2 

1.  Episcopal  Register. 

2.  Miscel.,  p.  88. 


VI.     CEOSS  CANONBY. 

In  older  documents  this  place  appears  as  "  Crosby " 
merely.  It  is  a  few  miles  to  the  north  of  Maryport,  not 
far  from  the  Solway  coast,  the  nearest  railway  station 
being  Dearham  Bridge.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St. 
John.  Bishop  Nicolson,  in  1703,  says  the  Register  Book 
begins  in  1600,  but  that  "  the  former  part  of  it  has  been 
written  with  very  bad  ink,  has  been  ill  kept,  and  is  now 
hardly  legible."  ^  This  early  volume  has  disappeared, 
and  the  present  one  begins  in  1663  as  the  following  shows  : 
A   Eegister  of   all  Crestenings  W[eddinges]  &   buryalls   wthin   the 

parish  of  [C]ononby  made  by  me  Musgrave  [Sleddall,]  Clearke  there 

begining  in  the  year  1663. 

At  the  bottom  of  the  page  is  "  Musgr.  Sleddall  Curate." 
The  first  part  of  the  name  is  scarcely  decipherable.  The 
County  Histories  do  not  help  us  with  any  list  of  Incum- 
bents, but  the  following  have  been  obtained  :  — 

Musgrave  Sleddall,  B.A.,  1646 — 1685. 

Foster  says  that  he  was  the  son  of  Robert  Sleddall  of 
Flimby,  that  he  matriculated  at  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
March  6,  1634-5,  at  the  age  of  17  years,  graduating  B.A. 
Oct.  30,  1638.^  Mr.  Jackson,  however,  gives  him  as  son 
of  Thomas  Sleddall  of  Penrith.  His  appointment  to  Cross 
Canonby  in  1646  is  certified  by  the  following :  — 
Cross  unmanby 
[Cross  Canonby]  25  Aprill  1646.. 

It  is  ordered  yt  ye  Comittee  of  Pari  for  ye  Coiinty  of  Cumberland 
be  &  they  are  hereby  desired  to  make  p'ticular  enquiry  how  ye 
Minister  of  ye  Church  of  Crossunmanby  in  ye  sd  County  is  to  be 
maintayned  and  out  of  what  and  in  whose  disposicon  ye  same  is  and 
to  certify  ye  same  And  Mr  Musgrave  Sleddall  Minister  of  ye  word  is 
hereby  authorised  to  officiate  ye  cure  of  ye  sd  Church  in  ye 
meantyme.* 

1.  Miscel.,  p.  87. 

2.  Al.   Ox. 

3.  Add.  MSS.  Brit.   Mus.   15670. 


736  The   Ejected   of  1662 

It  would  appear  that  ke  lived  undisturbed  througli  all 
the  changes  of  the  Commonwealth  and  Restoration. 
Along  with  Cross  Canonby  he  held  the  living  of  Dearham  ^ 
for  some  time.  The  following  is  from  the  Survey  of 
1649:  — 

By  Mr.  Robert  Sleddale  to  Mr.  Musgrave  Sleddale  a  preachinge 
Minister  Tenn  pounds  for  Crosse  Canonby.^ 

The  Registers  record  the  burial  of  Musgrave  Sleddall  of 
"  fflemby  "  on  May  18,  1679 ;  but  this  could  not  have  been 
the  Vicar  of  that  name.  He  died  in  1685.  Foster  gives, 
among  his  Oxford  Alumni,  Roger  Sleddall,  son  of  Roger 
Sleddall  of  Penrith,  who  matriculated  Feb.  22,  1677-8, 
at  the  age  of  18  years,  and  was  Barrister-at-law,  Gray's  Inn, 
1686;  and  Thomas  Sleddall,  son  of  Musgrave  Sleddall  of 
Dearham,  who  matriculated  May  22,  1674,  at  the  age  of 
16  years.  3 

Francis  Gregson,  1685 — 1711. 

He   was  ordained   Deacon  August  17,    1662,  and  was 
instituted  Oct.  9,  1685.*  The  Registers  give  the  following  : 

November  29th,  1685. 

Md.  That  Fran.  Gregson  Clerk  now  Curate  of  Cross  Canonby  did 
in  time  of  divine  Service  the  day  &  year  aboue  sd  publiquely  read  ye 
39  Articles  of  Religion  and  assented  to  ye  same  in  the  preseoice  of  us 
underwritten  wth  many  more 

ftran.  Gregson,  Junr.  Thomas  Harrison 

Robert  Gregson  James  Gibsoai 

Churchwardens. 

Bishop  Nicolson  speaks  of  him  as  "  honest  Mr,  Gregson." 
He  died  in  1711,  his  burial  entry  reading  thus:  — 

1711  Mr.  Fran.  Gregson  Curat  of  Cannonby  Buried  ye  9th  day  May. 

1.  Vide  p.  728. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Surveys,  vol.  ii. 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Episcopal  Register. 


Cross    Canonby  TZ7 

John  Rtjmney,  1712—1728. 

His  license  as  Curate  here  is  dated  June  2,  1713;  but 
the  Registers  contain  the  following :  — 

Memorandm  John  Rumney  Clerk  entered  Curate  of  Croscannonby 
September  the   29th   Anno   Domini  1712. 

1723  September  ye  18  Isabell  wife  of  John  Rumney  Clerk  Bury'd. 
1728    The    Reverend    Mr.    John    Rumney    Minister    att    Canonby 
Buried   October  the  26. 

There  was  a  John  Rumney,  Minister  at  Kirkoswald 
about  this  time :  probably  it  is  the  same,  his  removal  to 
Cross  Canonby  being  in  1712.^ 

1.  Vide  p.  344. 


A  V 


YII.     LORTON. 

Lorton  is  some  five  miles  south  east  of  Cockermouth  in  tlie 
beautiful  valley  of  that  name.  The  Church  is  dedicated 
to  St.  Cuthbert,  and  the  Registers  date  from  1538,  the 
earliest  possible  date  for  Parish  Registers.  The  first 
volume  is  of  parchment;  the  writing  is  beautiful  and 
clear;  the  leaves  are  long  and  unbound,  the  book  being 
clearly  a  copy,  made  near  the  end  of  the  16th  Century,  as 
many  others  of  those  early  times  were.  It  was  the  work  of 
John  Bell,  who  signs  the  pages  as  "  Curatt "  up  to  1599 ; 
and,  along  with  that  of  his  Churchwardens,  his  signature 
appears  against  the  following  statement :/—"  Wrytten  & 
exd  by  the  old  booke."  Unfortunately  the  date  is  not 
given,  but  it  must  have  been  sometime  before  1608.  A 
copy  of  this  parchment  volume  also  has  been  very  care- 
fully made,  in  reference  to  which  we  have  the  following : 

We  the  Minister  &  Churchwardens  of  the  Parish  of  Lorton  per- 
ceiving that  the  Register  Books  belonging  to  the  said  Parish  are 
much  decayed  have  transcribed  their  Contents  into  this  Book  &  we 
do  hereby  testify  that  we  have  Minutely  examined  &  compared  this 
Book  with  the  former  Register  Books  belonging  to  the  Said  Parish 
&  that  it  is  an  exact  Transcript  of  the  same  &  contains  an  account 
of  every  Marriage  Christening  '  &  Burial  that  were  entered  in  the 
former  Register  Books  belonging  to  the  said  Parish  in  Witness 
whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  our  Hands  the  fourth  Day  of  Novem- 
ber   1800. 

Thomas  Burnyeat   of   Swinside 

John  Sibson  Curate  of  Lorton    |  Churchwardens   of  Lorton. 

William   Mawson   of   Scalehill 

John  Hurd  of  Buttermere 

Jonathan   Stout  of   Withop. 

Several  defects  occur  in  the  Registers  including  a  break 
between  1645  and  1692.  The  County  Histories  do  not 
assist  us  with  any  list  of  Incumbents,  but  the  following 
names  have  been  obtained  :  — 


Lorton  739 

Thomas  Peile,  1602. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 
1602  Sr.  Thomas  Peile  Clarke  was  buried  the  2d  Day  of  July. 

The  Peiles  were  quite  numerous  in  this  district,  and  it  is 
almost  certain  that  Thomas  Peile  was  a  native.  This 
doubtless  is  the  person  who  also  held  Threlkeld.^ 

John  Bell,  1608. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 
1608  Mr.  John  Bell  Curate  of  Lorton  was  buried  July  21. 

It  is  to  him  that  we  are  indebted  for  the  preservation  of 
the  early  Registers. 

Thomas  Watson,  1646. 

That  he  was  here  during  this  year  is  clear  from  the 

following  :  — 

Cumberland.  Att  the  Comittee  for  Plundered 

Ministers  September  10  Anno  Dni  1646. 
By  Vertue  of  an  Order  of  both  houses  of  Parliamt  of  the  second 
of  May  last  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearely  sume  of  flBfty  pounds  be 
paid  out  of  the  profitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectorie  of  Lorton  in  the 
County  of  Cumberland  sequestered  from  Sr  Henry  ffletcher  Delin- 
quent to  and  for  increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  Thomas  Watson 
Minister  of  the  pish  Church  of  Lorton  aforesaid  the  present  Main- 
tenance belonging  to  the  said  Church  being  but  ffive  pounds  a 
Yeare  and  the  said  [parish]  Consistelh  of  sixe  hundred  Communicants 
And  the  Sequestrators  of  ye  pmisses  are  required  to  pay  the  same 
accordingly  at  such  times  &  seasons  of  the  yeare  as  the  said  profitts 
shall   grow  due   &  payable. 

Har.    Grimston.  2 

This  also  is  a  local  name  as  the  following  among  other 
entries  in  the  Registers  shows  :  — 
1616  Chrestenings 

Ellin  Daughter  of  Thomas  Watson  of  Over  Lorton  was  baptized  the 
25  of  December. 

Peter,  the  son  of  Thomas  Watson,  was  baptized  April  29, 
1622 :  and  Margaret,  daughter  of  Thomas  Watson,  the 
25th  of  February,  1644.    Whether  these  were  the  children 

1.  Vide  p.  667. 

2.  S.P.  Dom.  Inter.  F.  1  (Record  Office).     Duplicated  in  Bodleian  MS. 
323. 


740  *  The   Ejected   of  1662 

of  Thomas  Watson,  Vicar,  we  have  no  means  of  knowing. 
There  are  other  Watson  entries  -in  the  Registers.  Foster 
gives  Thomas  Watson  "  of  Cumberland,  pleb.  Queen's 
Coll.,  matric.  21  Nov.,  1628,  aged  18;  B.A.  from  New 
Inn  Hall  4  May,  1632."  i  If  this  was  the  Lorton  Vicar  the 
entries  above  given  could  not  all  refer  to  his  children. 

Robert  Rickerby,  1665-6. 

He  was  licensed  Curate  Feb.  4,  1665-6,  and  appeared 
and  exhibited  as  such  at  the  Bishop's  Visitation  June  30, 
1674.     He  held  this  along  with  the  Cockermouth  living. 

William  Sanderson,  1684. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Sept.  19,  1680,  and  admission 
to  the  Curacy  was  granted  June  5,  1684.  He  was  still 
here  in  1691. 

Thomas  Pearson,  1698. 

He  is  given  as  "  Clerk  Curate  "  in  this  year. 

William  Bow,  1701. 

The  following  from  the  Registers  is  our  authority  for 
this  name  :  — 

1701  Rebecca  Daughter  of  William  Bow,  Clark,  bap.  20  of  May. 

It  is,  however,  not  certain  whether  he  was  "  Curate  "  or 
merely  "  Parish  Clerk." 

Patricius  Curwen,  1707. 

To  the  same  authority  are  we  indebted  for  this  name 
as  thus  appears  :  — 

Mr.    Patricius   Curwen    Curate   of   Lorton   was  buried   October   6, 

1707. 

James  Clarke,  1740. 

The  Registers  give  the  burial  of  this  person  in  the 
following  terms :  — 

1740   The   Reverend   James   Clarke   Curate   of   Lorton   was  buried 
July  8. 

They   also   state   that  his   son,    John    Clarke,    Curate   of 
1.  Al.  Ox. 


^ 


Lorton  741 

Buttermere,  was  buried  Feb.  27,  1725,  from  which  it 
would  appear  that  James  Clarke  was  at  Lorton  at  least 
then. 

T.  Fisher,  1740. 

Instituted  on  the  death  of  Clarke. 

The  Registers  say  :  — 

Weddings.     No  Register  has  been  kept  in  this  Parish  during  the 
bloody  Reign  of  Mary  the   First. 


YIII.     LOWESWATEE. 

About  four  miles  in  a  southerly  direction  from  Lorton 
and  near  the  Lake  of  this  name  is  Loweswater.  The 
Church,  dedicated  to  St.  Bartholomew,  is  situated  at  the 
foot  of  a,  mountain,  and  in  the  very  heart  of  most  impressive 
scenery.  The  Registers  begin  in  1667 ;  and  they  supply 
the  following  interesting  information  respecting  them  :  — 

Registerum  parochiae  de  Loweswater  infra  Dioeceseon  Cestriensem 
renovatum  penultimo  die  Aprilis  Anno  Redemptionis  nostras  1667. 
Johane  Borranskeall   Clerico  existente   Curato 

Johane  Allason  de  Godfrid 

et  Michaele  Johnson  de  Waterend 

existentibus  Gardianis  &c 

p  me  Jno  Allason 

Supdt. 

Six  pages  are  occupied  with  christenings,  weddings  and 
burials  from  1626  to  1673.  After  the  date  1632  we  get 
the  following  :  — 

The  Rest  of  the  Chrestnings  marriages  &  Burialls  Down  till  the 
Seaventh  of  October  Ano  Dnj  1665  Looke  the  old  Regester  Books 
where  you  will  find  them  written. 

In  a  later  hand  we  have  the  words :  — 
The  old  Register  is  lost. 

On  the  top  of  the  next  page  is  the  following :  — 

The  Register  is  imperfect  for  ye  space  of  42  yeares  viz  from  1632 
till   1674.     T.C. 

Then  follows :  — 

TRe  Chrestenings  Marriages  &  Burialls  underwritten  could  not  be 
found  Registred  in  any  Booke  and  therefore  an  exact  account  was 
taken  through  the  parish  (according  to  the  just  Computations  of 
their  parents  &  ffriends  &  Mr.  John  Borranskell  then  Curate)  &  the 
times  when  they  happened  were  as  followeth. 

This  begins  in  1666. 

The  following  is  an  imperfect  list  of  persons  who  have 
served  here :  — 


Lowes  water  743 

—  Westray,  1667. 

He  was  here  in  that  year,  but  how  long  he  had  held  the 
living  is  not  known. 

John  Borranskell,  1667 — 1673. 

His  name  has  already  been  given.  In  all  probability 
he  was  a  native  of  the  place.  The  name  occurs  both  in 
the  Lorton  and  Isel  Registers.  He  appears  to  have 
resigned  in  1673.  A  person  of  this  name  was  ordained 
Deacon  May  23,  1624,  being  then  "  literatus "  and  of 
"  Cest.  Dio."  1 

Patricius  Curvten,  1673 — 1700. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  by  Edward  of  Carlisle  March 
15,  1673,  and  subscribed  the  declaration  the  same  day. 
He  appeared  and  exhibited  as  Curate  when  the  Bishop 
made  his  visitation  June  30,  1674;  and  obtained  a  faculty 
to  teach  boys  Sept.  24,  1686.  He  bulks  considerably  in 
the  Registers,  and  the  following  is  the  information  which 
they  give  about  him  and  his  family :  — 

Mr.  Patricius  Curwen  came  to  Loweswater  in  ye  yr  1673  succeeded 
Mr.  Borranskeale  wo  (as  I  have  heard  say)  succeeded  Mr.   Westray 

T.  Cowper. 
Here  is  inserted  the  Christnings  Marriages  &  Burialls  which  befell 
Ano  Dnj  1673  (being  the  yeare  I  came)  &  they  were  Acted  by  Mr. 
Borranskaill  because  I  wanted  Orders. 

Pat.   Curwen. 
Mr.  Patricius  Curwen  &  Barbara  Fisher  Mar.   [1677]  vijj  Novem- 
bris. 

1678  John  son  of  Mr.  Patricius  Curwen  of  Gillrtht  [Gillerthwaite] 
Bapt   xxiij   Junij. 

Chrestian  Daug.  of  Mr.  patricius  Curwen  Bap.  ij  January  1680. 
1687  Mary  daughter  of  Mr.   Patricius  Curwen  Bap.   xxxi  October. 
Eleanor  daughtr  of  Mr.   Patricius  Curwen  Bur.   xxvij  April   1687. 
1690  Anthony   Curwen  of  Lampl  &   Ann  Fox  of  Distington  Mar. 
xxxi  Julij. 

A  note  gives  the  following :  — 

The  sd  Antho.  Curwen  was  Bro.  to  Mr.  Curwen  Curate  of  Lowes- 
water  and  both  of  jtu  were  born  at  Ribton  Hall.  The  sd  Antho 
was  Father  of  Eliz.  pearson  of  Trusbank  [Thrushbank]  widow. 

Eleanor  daughtr  of  Mr.  Patricius  Curwen  Bur.  xxiv  Decemb.  1690. 

1692  Chrestopher  son  of  Mr.  Patricius  Curwen  Bap.  j  Maij. 

1.  Episcopal  Register. 


744  The    Ejected   of  1662 

At  tlie  bottom  of  the  page  containing  tlie  entries  for  the 
year  1700,  we  have  the  following :  — 

Hoc  Registrum  Scriptum  hactenus  p  Patr.   Curwen  Curat,  ibm. 

Andrew  Naughley,  1701. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

Incipit    Chrestgs   Mariages    and    Burialls    entred   by    me    Andrew 
Naughley  Curatt  Ibidiem  Anno   1701. 

Probably  this  was  the  Andrew  Naughley  who  also  held  the 
living  at  Threlkeld.^ 

John  Harrison,  1705. 

The  Registers  state  that  he  entered  "  hanc  Ecclesiam 
quarto  die  Augustij  Anno  Dom  1705."  There  was  a  John 
Harrison  at  Barton  in  Westmorland  about  this  time,^  and 
also  at  Bridekirk.  He  held  the  living  only  about  three 
years. 

Henry  Forrest,  1708 — 1741. 

The  Registers  contain  many  curious  and  interesting 
entries  from  his  pen.  They  tell  us  that  he  entered 
"  vigesimo  die  Martij  Anno  Domini  1708" ;  and  further 
say:  — 

Hanc  Ecclesiam  Inductus  erat   1708.  / 

Honour,  ye  Jdoll  wch  ye  most  adore 
Receives  no  Homage  from  my  knees 
Content  in  privacy  I  value  more 
Than  all   increased   Dignity. 
The  following  also  :  — 

The  Register  of  Loweswater  cost  14s  Ano  Domi  1667. 
Let  him  that  wbuld  ascend  ye  Tottering  Seat 
Of  Courtly  Grandeur  and  become  as  great 
As  are  his  Mounting  wishes  but  for  me 
Let  Sweet  Repose  &  rest  my  portion  be. 
Henry  Forrest   Curate 
at  Loweswater  Ad  [arrived] 
Domi  1722-3. 
Hen.  Forrest  promovebatur  ordinem  Deaconus  trie.  Die  Maij  1708. 
Presby.  Vic.  Die.   Sept.  1730. 

(Therefore  he  was  Deacon  22  years  before  he  was  made  priest.     He 
died  in  ye  59th  year  of  his  age). 

1.  Vide  p.  668. 

2.  Vide  pp.  722,  1226. 


Lowes  water  745 

Anno  Aetatis  Suae  47  Vicessimo  die  Octobris  1730.  Therefore  Mr. 
Forrest  was  born  in  1683.  He  died  in  March  1741-2.  Mr.  Forrest 
came  to  Loweswater  in  1708  being  then  25  years  of  age. 

The  following  are  the  burial  entries  of  himself  and  wife : 
Mr.  Henry  Forest  Curate  of  Lowswater  Bur.   xviiii  Mar.   1741. 
Mrs.  Eliner  Forrest  wife  of  ye  sd  Henry  fiorrest  Bur.  xxiiimar.  1741. 

J.  Simpson,  1742. 

J.  Wilkinson,  1742. 

Thomas  Cowpee,  1744 — 1795. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  —  , 

Ego  ut  Curatus  hanc  Ecclesiam  intravi  decimo  quinto  die  Julij  Ano 
Dni  1744. 

Thos.   Cowper 

Anno  Aetat.  24. 
Thomas  Cowper  Curate  of  this  Parish  Jany.   26,  1795.     Bueried. 

He  held  the  living,  therefore,  over  fifty  years;  and  it  is 
to  his  industry  that  we  are  indebted  for  so  many  items  of 
interest  in  the  Registers.  The  initials  "  T.C."  which 
appear  in  several  places  are  of  course  his.  His  marriage 
on  April  28,  1746,  is  recorded  in  the  Lorton  Registers. 
The  following  further  entries  are  worth  noting :  — 

The  Sycamore  trees  in  ye  Ch.  yard  of  Loweswater  were  planted  ye 
26  of  February  1710-11- 
Memorandu. 

That  the  Church  Stock  of  Loweswr  was  reduc'd  to  8d  per  11  in 
ye  year  of  our  Lord  God  1748  by  Reason  of  ye  Quakers  who  refus'd 
to  pay  or  be  destrained  upon  for  ye  accustomed  Annual  Interest  of  it 
of  20d  per  Pound  At  which  time  it  was  also  agreed  upoai  yt  ye  Curate 
shd  raise  yearly  wt  money  he  could  by  Subscription  towds  defraying 
remaining  Part  of  accustomed  Charges. 
T.  Cowper. 

J.  Barnes,  1795. 

On  the  death  of  Cowper. 


IX.     BEIGHAM. 

The  ancient  Parish  of  Brigham,  in  old  document* 
"  Bridgeham,"  formerly  included  a  very  extensive  tract 
of  country  on  the  south  side  of  the  Derwent,  even  Lorton 
and  Cockermouth  being  only  parochial  Chapelries  within 
it.  "  The  steeple  house,"  as  George  Fox  was  accustomed 
to  name  Churches  of  all  descriptions,  was  "  great  "  in  the 
17th  Century ;  and  in  appearance  it  is  heavy  and  imposing 
to  day.  The  village  of  Brigham  is  about  two  miles  west 
of  Cockermouth,  and  lies  on  the  left  of  the  Derwent. 
The  Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Bridget,  and  its  Registers 
begin  in  1564,  the  older  book  being  bound  in  a  good  cover, 
which  is  quite  modern.  They  are  in  fair  condition. 
Unfortunately  there  is  '"  a  deplorable  hiatus,"  says  Mr. 
Isaac  Fletcher,  '"  extending  from  1586  to  1661."  i  Thia 
is  only  approximately  correct,  as  there  are  some  1602 
entries,  with  occasional  ones  for  1612  and  1617.  The 
County  Histories  are  also  disappointing.  Nicolson  and 
Burn  make  no  attempt  at  a  list  of  Incumbents ;  Hutchin- 
son begins  with  1661 ;  Whellan  copies  Hutchinson ;  and 
Jefferson's  work  does  not  include  this  district.  The 
following,  however,  may  be  regarded  as  fairly  complete : 

Richard  Passe,  1553. 

Roland  Hauxbie,  1579. 

He  was  instituted  in  December  1579.  Nicolson  and  Burn 
give  a  person  of  this  name  as  Rector  of  Aikton  who 
resigned  that  living  in  1591,  and  as  Rector  of  Kirkbamp- 
ton  in  1598,  in  which  year  he  died.^ 

Richard  Birkett,  1582 — 1591. 

He  was  instituted  Sept.  21,  1582,  on  the  death  of  the 
last  Incumbent.     His  burial  entry  reads  thus  :  — 

1591  xxviij  August  Richard  Birkett  vicarius  de  Brigham  Sepult. 

1.  Paper  on  Brigham  Church,  Trans.   (O.S.),   vol.  iv. 

2.  Nicolson  and  Bum,  vol.   ii,  pp.  200,  210. 


Brigham  747 

Nicholas  Copeland,  M.A.,  1591 — 1607. 

He  was  instituted  Nov.,  1591,  on  the  death  of  the  last 
Incumbent.  In  the  margin  of  the  Registers  against  that  date 
occurs  the  following  :  "  Sepulti  vicarii  Nicholas  Copeland," 
which  will,  mean  the  burials  of  his  vicariate.  He  was  at 
the  time  Master  of  St.  Bees  Grammar  School,  having  been 
appointed  to  the  position  by  Archbishop  Grindal,  the 
Founderof  the  Institution.^  His  dismissal  from  his  position, 
for  such  it  seems  to  have  been,  occurred  about  1593. 
Possibly  he  is  the  person  who  was  also  at  Gosforth  and 
Brampton. 2  It  was  during  his  time  on  Jan.  20, 1602,  that  an 
Inquisition  was  held  at  Keswick  in  which  John  Hudson 
appears  as  plaintiff  and  John  Winder,  Nichs.  Bell,  Thos. 
Pearson,  Christopher  Fawcett,  Matthew  Bell  and  Allan 
Hibton  as  defendants,  the  matter  in  dispute  being  the 
"  Rectory  and  parsonage  of  Brigham  (Cumberland)  and  the 
churches  or  chapels  of  Embleton  and  Lorton  (Cumberland) 
and  the  townes  of  Widdup  and  Brackenthwaite.  Meets  and 
bounds.  Perambulations.  Customs  of  tithing.  Tithes." 
The  Inquisition  was  repeated  on  the  12th  of  April  follow- 
ing, precisely  the  same  persons  being  concerned.^  A 
John  Hudson  was  defendant  against  Sir  George 
Fletcher,  Bart.,  in  an  Inquisition  taken  at  Cockermouth, 
Oct.  2,  1663,  the  matter  in  dispute  being  the  "  Rectory  of 
Brigham  and  a  tenement  called  Boutherbeck  Cumberland 
(Tithes)."  * 

Henry  Hudson,  B.D.,  1607—1617. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  21,  1607,  on  the  resignation  of 
Nicholas  Copeland.^  His  burial  is  thus  recorded  in  the 
Registers  :  — 

Mr.  Henrie  Hudson  bachlor  of  devinitie  and  Vicar  of  Brigham  was 

buried  the   second   daye  of   March   of   xxiij   yeares  standing   in  St. 

John's  Coledge  in  Cambedg. 

1.  Archbishop  Grindal  and  his  Grammar  School  of  St.  Bees  (Jackson), 
pp.  16-18. 

2.  Vide  pp.  250,  837. 

3.  Ex.  Dep.  Hil.  18,  Rec.  Office. 

4.  Ex.  Dep.  Mich.  4,  Rec.  Office. 

5.  The  Act  Book  (Chester  Registry). 


748  The    Ejected   of  1662 

A  person  of  this  name  appears  at  Brampton  and  Staple- 
ton.  ^ 

Edward  Cooke,  M.A.,  B.D.,  1618- 


He  was  instituted  April  13,  1618,  on  a  Presentation  by 
"Richard  Fletcher  mil  et  Cay.  Hudson  Gen.  Patrons,"  the 
vacancy  being  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Hudson.^ 
Foster  gives  him  as  Edward  Cookes,  and  states  the  follow- 
ing about  him: — "Of  Cumberland  pleb.,  Queen's  Coll. 
matric.  28  Nov.,  1617,  aged  20;  B.A.  10  Dec,  1617,  M.A. 
13  Dec,  1620,  B.D.,  28  March,  1629,  vicar  of  Brigham 
Cumberland  1618,  father  of  Wilfrid  1634."  This  Wilfrid 
Cooke  matriculated  New  Inn  Hall,  Oxford,  July  11,  1634, 
at  the  age  of  18  years,  ^  and  is  described  as  of  Brigham, 
from  which  it  may  be  inferred  that  his  father  was  still 
there.  In  Isaac  Tullie's  account  of  the  Siege  of  Carlisle, 
in  1644,  among  the  Clergy  who  sent  contributions  appears 
"  Mr.  Cookson  Brigham "  with  £1:0:  0.-^  This  is  a 
mistake  for  Cooke,  as  the  following  shows  :  — 

Cumberland.  At  ye   Comttee   for  plundered  Ministers 

September  10  anno  Dni  1646. 
By  vertue  of  an  order  of  both  houses  of  pliamt  of  ye  second  May 
last  It  is  ordered  that  the  yearly  sum  of  Thirty  pounds  be  payd  out 
of  ye  pfitts  of  the  Impropriate  Rectory  of  Brigham  in  ye  County  of 
Cumberland  sequestred  from  Sr.  Henry  ffletcher  Delinquent  to  &  for 
increase  of  the  Maintenance  of  Edward  Cooke  Minister  of  the  parish 
Church  of  Brigham  aforesaid  his  present  Maintenance  being  but  fforty 
pounds  a  yeare  And  the  Sequestratrs  of  the  pmisses  are  required  to 
pay  the  same  accordingly  att  such  times  &  seasons  of  the  yeare  as 
the  said  profitts  shall  grow  due  and  payable. 

Rich.   Knightley.  5 

How  long  he  held  the  living  after  this  does  not  appear 

and    whether    he    died,    ceded    or    was    sequestered   that 

Wilkinson  might  replace  him  is  also  uncertain.     A  person 

of  this  name  was  at  Gilcrux  in  1611.     Doubtless  it  is  the 

1.  Vide  pp.  250,  288. 

2.  The  Act  Book  (Chester  Registry). 

3.  Al.  Ox. 

4.  Vide  p.  134. 

5.  S.  P.    Dom.    Inter.    F.    1,  Record  Office;    Duplicated    in    Bodleian 
MS.  323. 


Brigham  749 

same,  though  there  are  some  date  difficulties  which  have 
not  been  overcome,  ^  and  Foster's  facts  do  not  quite  fit  the 
suggestion. 

John  Wilkinson,  1653. 

Early  in  1653  George  Fox  visited  these  parts  making 
his  way  from  Swarthmoor,  through  Millom  and  up  the 
west  coast.  It  was  his  first  visit  to  Cumberland,  and 
"  great  threatenings  "  had  been  "  given  forth  "  that  "  if 
ever  I  came  there  they  would  take  away  my  life."  This 
was,  of  course,  the  very  thing  that  was  calculated  to  cause 
him  to  feel  "  drawn  to  go  " ;  and  while  he  was  staying  at 
Millom  he  was  "  moved  to  send  James  Lancaster  to 
appoint  a  meeting  at  John  Wilkinson's  steeple  house  near 
Cockermouth;  a  preacher  in  great  repute,  who  had  three 
parishes  under  him."  ^  The  first  meeting  was  near  Cock- 
ermouth, where  "  were  twelve  soldiers  and  their  wives 
from  Carlisle;  and  the  county  people  came  in,  like  as  it 
had  been  to  a  fair.  I  lay  at  a  house  somewhat  short  of 
the  place,  so  that  many  friends  were  got  thither  before 
me.  When  I  came,  I  found  James  Lancaster  speaking 
under  a  yew  tree;  which  was  so  full  of  people  I  feared 
they  would  break  it  down.  I  looked  about  for  a  place  to 
stand  upon  to  speak  unto  the  people;  for  they  lay  all  up 
and  down  like  people  at  a  leaguer.  After  I  was  dis- 
covered, a  professor  asked  If  I  would  not  go  into  the 
church?  I  seeing  no  place  abroad  convenient  to  speak 
to  the  people  from,  told  him.  Yes :  whereupon  the  people 
rushed  in ;  so  that  when  I  came  the  house  and  pulpit  was 
so  full,  I  had  much  ado  to  get  in.  Those  that  could  not 
get  in,  stood  abroad  about  the  walls.  When  the  people 
were  settled,  I  stood  up  on  a  seat."  In  addition  to  "Priest 
Larkham,"  and  "  John  Wilkinson,  preacher  of  that  parish, 
and  of  two  other  parishes  in  Cumberland,"  "  several 
priests  were  got  together."  He  informs  us  that  John 
Wilkinson  disputed  "  against  his  own  conscience  for 
several   hours,   till  the  people  generally  turned   against 

1.  Vide  p.  731. 

2:  Fox's  Journal,  pp.  95-99. 


750  The   Ejected   of  1662 

him :  for  he  thought  to  have  tired  me  out;  but  the  Lord's 
power  tired  him  out,  and  the  Lord's  truth  came  over  him 
and  them  all.  Many  hundreds  were  convinced  that  day, 
who  received  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  and  his  free  teaching 
with  gladness ;  of  whom  some  have  died  in  the  truth,  and 
many  stand  faithfull  witnesses  thereof.  The  soldiers 
also  were  convinced  and  their  wives,  and  continued  with 
me  till  first  day."  "  On  first  day  "  which,  of  course,  was 
Sunday,  he  went  "  to  the  steeple  house  at  Cockermouth 
where  priest  Larkham  lived  " ;  and,  when  he  had  spoken 
there,  he  says :  —  "I  went  about  two  miles  to  another 
great  steeple  house  of  John  Wilkinson's  called  Brigham; 
where  the  people  having  been  at  the  other  meeting,  were 
mightily  affected,  and  would  have  put  my  horse  into  the 
steeple-house  yard :  but  I  said,  '  No :  the  priest  claims 
that;  have  him  to  an  inn.'  When  I  came  into  the  steeple- 
house  yard,  I  saw  the  people  coming  in  great  companies 
as  to  a  fair;  and  abundance  were  already  gathered  in  the 
lanes  about  the  steeplehouse.  I  was  very  thirsty,  and 
walked  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  a  brook,  where  I  got 
some  water,  and  refreshed  myself.  As  I  came  up  again, 
I  met  Wilkinson ;  who,  as  I  passed  by  him,  said  '  Sir  will 
you  preach  to  day  ?  If  you  will,'  said  he,  '  I  will  not 
oppose  you  in  word  or  thought.'  I  replied,  '  Oppose  if 
thou  wilt ;  I  have  something  to  speak  to  the  people.  And,' 
said  I,  '  thou  carriedest  thyself  foolishly  the  other  day, 
and  spakest  against  thy  conscience  and  reason,  insomuch 
that  thy  hearers  cried  out  against  thee.'  So  I  left  him, 
and  went  on;  for  he  saw  it  was  in  vain  to  oppose,  the 
people  were  so  affected  with  the  Lord's  truth.  When  I 
came  into  the  steeple-house  yard,  a  professor  asked,  If  I 
would  not  go  into  the  church.  And  I  seeing  no  conve- 
nient place  abroad  went  in,  and  stood  up  on  a  seat  after 
the  people  were  settled.  The  priest  came  in  also  but  did 
not  go  up  into  the  pulpit."  ^  This  visit,  repeated  a  little 
later  the  same  year,  resulted  in  the  conviction  of  many 
hundreds,  "  the  most  and  best "  of  Wilkinson's  hearers 
turning  "  to  Christ's  free  teaching."  The  Cockermouth 
1.  Fox's  Journal,  pp.  95-99,  also  p.  110. 


Brigham  751 

Ohurch  Book  several  times  refers  to  persons  being  ensnared 
by  "  that  sweeping  errour  of  Quakisme " ;  and  John 
Wilkinson  himself  became  a  convert.  Under  date  June  6, 
1654,  the  Church  Records  speak  of  a  meeting  of  the 
Ohurch  at  Bridekirk  to  "beg  of  the  Ld  his  grace  &  strength 
that  they  might  stand  agst  that  deluge  of  errours  yt  had 
overflown  the  country,  and  had  quite  shattred  to  pieces  ye 
other  congregacon  abt  Broughton,  only  some  few  pieces 
of  yt  people  have  since  come  to  Land,  and  keept  together 
in  comunion.  John  Wilkinson,  the  Paster  of  that  church 
departed  with  the  most  of  that  people  to  ye  Quakers,  to 
his  great  shame  &  infamy.  The  Ld  (at  last)  convince 
him  of  his  sinne.  Amen,  Amen,  Amen."  ^  "  Cumberland 
John  Wilkinson,"  as  he  came  to  be  called,  probably  to 
distinguish  him  from  John  Wilkinson  of  Westmorland, 
also  a  preacher  among  the  Quakers,  became  one  of  George 
!Fox's  ablest  lieutenants.  Chancellor  Ferguson  fixes  1657 
as  the  date  of  his  final  defection  •,^  but  the  Cockermoiith 
Church  Book  points  to  an  earlier  one.  A  high  character 
is  assigned  to  him  and  his  labours  in  "  The  First  Pub- 
lishers of  the  Truth,"  the  following  being  a  specimen  :  — 
"  John  Wilkinson  (who  was  a  priest  at  Brigham)  after 
his  Convincemt,  came  to  know  a  waiting  in  Deep  Silence 
till  the  Lord  opened  his  mouth.  He  had  a  Convinceing 
Testymony,  and  was  of  great  service  to  many.  He 
travelled  sevrall  years  on  truths  accot  in  England  & 
Ireland  and  finished  in  peace."  ^  William  Penn  also  in 
his  Preface  to  the  "Life  of  John  Banks,"  speaks  of  him 
as  "  formerly  an  able  and  zealous  Independent  preacher." 
The  date  of  his  death  is  given  as  1675.* 

Two  or  three  further  points  in  relation  to  Wilkinson  call 
for  enquiry.  It  is  not  clear  for  example  what  is  meant  by 
"  Independent."  In  "  The  First  Publishers  of  the  Truth  " 
he  is  not  only  so  denominated  but  it  is  also  said  that  "  our 
worthy  friend  "  Had  been  a  teacher  amongst  ye  Baptists"  ;^ 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

2.  Early  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  Friends,  p.  64. 

3.  P.  39. 

4.  Early  Friends,  etc.,  pp.  63-65. 

5.  P.  70. 


752  The   Ejected   of  1662 

and  the  sympathies  of  the  Broughton  congregation,  of  which 
John  Wilkinson  was  Pastor,  appear  to  have  gone  strongly 
in  the  Baptist  direction.     The  Cockermouth  Church  Book 

says : — 

The  Sixteenth  of  Jiily,  in  ye  yeare  1652.  There  was  a  soUemne 
meeting  of  Both  the  chs  (vizt  :  This  of  Cockermthj  and  another  called 
the  Church  of  Broughton)  in  ye  publique  Meeting  place  at  Brigham, 
where  they  iointly  humbly  sought  the  Lord  in  praier  to  unite  their 
Spirits  in  Love,  they,  differing  in  iudgmt  in  ye  point  of  Paedo- 
baptisme.  * 

The  point  has  an  important  bearing  upon  the  use  of  the 
ecclesiastical  names  of  this  period,  and  suggests  that 
"Independent,"  at  least,  was  not  exclusively  the  property 
of  one  particular  religious  body. 

Then  George  Fox  speaks  of  Wilkinson  as  having  "three 
parishes  under  him,"  but  unfortunately  the  names  are  not 
given.  Chancellor  Ferguson  thinks  that  Brigham  was  one, 
and  that  Mosser  Chapel  and  Greysouthen,  a  few  miles  to  the 
south,  were  the  other  two.^  It  would,  however,  appear  from 
what  has  been  advanced  that  Broughton  was  one.  In 
any  case  the  point  to  be  noted  is  that  the  places  were  quite 
contiguous  to  Brigham ;  and  that,  as  in  the  case  of  James 
Cave,  this  does  not  sustain  the  charge  of  aggravated 
Pluralism,  which  Dr.  Wilson  brings  against  the  Common- 
wealth regime.^ 

The  other,  and  still  more  difficult  question,  is 
the  relation  of  John  Wilkinson  to  Brigham,  until 
the  next  known  Incumbent  appears.  Chancellor  Fergu- 
son says  that  his  attendants  gradually  "  dwindled  down 
to  about  half-a-dozen " ;  that  in  1657  "  Wilkinson  had 
some  talk  with  Fox,  was  convinced,  gave  up  his  livings 
and  became  a  minister  in  the  Society."  *  It  has  already 
been  stated  that  there  is  reason  to  think  that  he  joined 
the  Friends  before  1657,  and  whether  the  person  whose 

1.  MS.  Min.  Bk.  Cock.  Ch. 

2.  Early  Friends,  etc.,  12 

3.  Vide  p.  86. 

4.  Early  Friends,  &c.,  63,  64. 


Brigham  753 

name  follows  was  his  immediate  successor  has  not  been 
ascertained. 

The  Wilkinsons  were  a  local  family.  In  the  Cocker- 
mouth  Registers  we  get  the  following,  but  whether  they 
relate  to  the  John  Wilkinson  in  question  we  have  no 
means  of  knowing  :  — 

Baptism  Margrate  the  daughter  of  John  Wilkinson  of  Moser  the 
12   day   1632. 

Burials  March  1632-3  the  wife  of  John  Wilkinson  Seckmurther  the 
7day. 

Thomas  Denton,  B.A.,  1657-8. 

This  is  an  entirely  new  name,  and  is  doubtless  that  of 
the  person  who  appears  at  Edenhall  in  1658,  and  later  at 
Crosby  Garrett. ^  The  authority  for  fixing  him  here  is 
contained  in  the  following  :  — 

Sep.   30,   1658. 

Gilbert  Layte,  one  of  the  children  of  the  Lord  whose  testimony  in 
the  truth  is  that  those  that  are  in   Christ  cannot   swear  at   all,  to 
Hen.   Scobell  to  be  read  in  Council. 
Annexing. 

1  Mittimus  for  apprehension  of  Quakers  viz  : 
Cumberland. 

Lancelot  ffletcher  Esqr  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the 
County  of  Cumberland  to  the  Keeper  of  the  Comon  Gaole  att  Carlile 
for  the  said  County  &  his  Dupty  Greetinge  :  I  send  you  heire  withall 
by  the  Constables  of  Brigham  And  soe  from  Constable  to  Constable 
the  derect  way  to  you  att  Carlile  a  fowre  said  the  Body  of  Mathew 
Robinson  wthin  the  said  County  Yeo.  :  Brought  before  me  the  psent 
day.  And  by  Oathes  of  sufficient  witnesses  charged  wth  the  wilfull 
&  Malicious  Disturbing  &  Molesting  of  Mr.  Thomas  Denton,  Minister 
att  Brigham  wthin  the  said  County  upon  the  sevententh  day  of 
this  Instant  Janiary  being  the  Lords  day  in  the  forenoune  of  the 
same  day  in  the  Church  att  Brigham  of  his  Exercise,  to  the  grett 
hindrance  of  the  Gosspell,  Molestation  &  disturbance  of  the  said  Mr. 
Denton,  and  the  whole  Congregacon  theere  assembled.  These  are 
theirefore  in  the  name  of  his  Highnes  the  Lord  Protector  of  England 
to  Require  you  that  upon  sight  heireof  you  Resceaue  and  take  the 
Body  of  the  said  Mathew  and  in  your  custody  kepp  in  the  said  Gaole 
safely  Keepe  theire  untill  the  next  Generall  Quarter  Sessions  of  the 
pece  to  be  houlden  for  the  said  County  wthout  Baile  or  Maneprise, 

1.  Vide  pp.  443,  1098. 
A  W 


754  The   Ejected   of  1662 

then  &  theire  to  be  furder  pceeded  against  according  to  the  late  Act 
of  Parlement  in  that  Case  pvided,  heere  of  faile  not  att  your  pelles 
Given   under   my   hand   and  Seale   att   Tallentyre   wthin   the   said 
County  the   18th  day  of  Janiery   1657. 

Lancelot   Ffietcher.  * 

John  Pierson,  or  Pearson,  M.A.,  1661 — 1665. 

Doubtless  the  person  referred  to  in  tlie  following :  — 
Haltwhistle  in  ye 
County  of  Northumb. 

John  Peirson  CI.  Admitted  the  9th  day  of  ffebr  1658.  to  the  V.  of 
Haltwhistle  in  ye  County  of  Northumberland  Upon  a  pres.  exhibited 
the  12th  day  of  the  same  Month  from  the  Trustees  for  Maintenance 
of  Ministrs.  And  Certificates  from  Wm  Brisco  John  Barwis  Roland 
Nicols  Gawin  Eaglesfield.  2 

He  was  instituted  to  Brigham  June  27,  1661,  being 
described  as  "  in  Artibus  Magrum,"  and  the  vacancy  is  said 
to  be  caused  "  p  Resigacon  Edwdi  Cookes  ult.  Incumbt  ibm," 
the  Patron  being  George  Fletcher.^  Whether  Edward  Cooke 
was  still  living  is  not  clear;  but  the  statement  suggests 
that  he  was,  and  is  important.  It  is  not  necessary  to 
assume  that  he  had  returned  to  his  living  :  for  Thomas 
Denton  and  John  Wilkinson  being  Commonwealth  ap- 
pointments did  not  count  in  the  Episcopal  records. 
Edward  Cooke  would  be  regarded  as  last  Incumbent  even 
if  he  had  resigned  before  Wilkinson's  advent.  It  may 
be,  however,  that  he  did  return  to  Brigham,  for  Denton 
held  the  living  only  a  short  time.  In  that  case  he  had 
probably  been  sequestered ;  and  at  the  Restoration,  being 
an  old  man,  would  be  unequal  to  the  duties  of  his  oflB.ce. 
The  case  is  one  in  which  at  present  a  definite  pronounce- 
ment cannot  be  made. 

Foster  gives  John  Pearson  son  of  "Peter  of  Bracken- 
thorp  (sic)  [Crackenthorpe  ?],  Cumberland  pleb..  Queen's 
Coll.,  matric.  21  Feb.,  1639-40,  aged  17;  B.A.  28  Nov., 
1644;  M.A.  8  July,  1647,  Fellow  1648,  and  expelled,  vicar- 
of  Brigham,  Cumberland,  1661,  rector  of  Orton  1665-91, 
and   perhaps   rector   of  Wigan,   Co.   Lancaster   1673-89; 

1.  Cal.  S.  P.  Dom.  for  1658-9;   also  the  State  Papers  themselves. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  999. 

3.  The  Act  Book  (Chester  Registry). 


Brigham  755 

father  of  William  1680,  and  Thomas  1687.1  It  is  quite 
certain  that  John  Pearson  of  Wigan,  subsequently  Bishop 
of  Chester,  was  an  entirely  different  person. ^  The  bap- 
tism of  William  Pearson  named  above  appears  in  the 
Brigham  Registers  thus  :  — 

1662  William  son  of  Mr.  John  Pierson  vicr  Brigha  Aug  18th. 
The    Cockermouth   Registers    contain   the    following,   but 
whether   referring    to    the    person    in    question   does   not 
appear : — 

1671  Baptism  Ann  daughter  of  ^Ir.  John  pearson  baptized  December 
ye  19th. 

In  1665  he  removed  to  Great  Orton.^ 

John  Martin,  B.A.,  1665 — 1673. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon  Aug.  17,  1662,  Priest  Feb.  1, 
1662-3,  and  instituted  Nov.  1,  1665,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion. He  died  in  1673,  the  following  from  the  Registers 
being  witness :  — 

Mr.  Jo.  Martin  late  vicar  of  Brigham  was  buried  June  ye  23,  1673. 
A  person  of  this  name  given  as  M.A.  was  ordained  Priest 
Sept.  25,  1670.  * 

Henry  Stephenson,  B.A.,  1674 — 1705. 

He  was  ordained  Deacon,  Sept.  21,  1673,  Priest,  March 
15,  1673-4,  and  instituted  June  30,  1674,  on  the  same  Pre- 
sentation, the  vacancy  being  caused  by  the  death  of  John 
Martin,  the  last  Incumbent.  This  was  the  day  of  the 
Bishop's  Visitation,  and  in  addition  to  Stephenson,  Edward 
Wilson  appeared  and  obtained  license  as  "  Sacrista."  In 
that  year  Stephenson   compounded  for   his   First  Fruits. 

In  1677  according  to  the  following  he  married:  — 

Mr.  Henry  Stephenson  vie.  de  Brigham  &  Mrs.  Letitia  Harrington 
were  marry ed  in  the  parish  Church  of  Hutton  upon  Trinity  June  ye 
10.  1677.5 

1.  AI.    Ox. 

2.  Sinclair's  Hist,  of  Wigan,  vol.  ii,  p.  112. 

3.  Vide  p.  231. 

4.  Episcopal  Register. 

5.  Brigham  Registers. 


756  The   Ejected    of   1662 

Her  burial  took  place  "  ffeb.  ye  12th  "  1697 ;  and  that  of 
her  husband  "  Mr.  Henry  Stephenson  vicar  of  Brigham," 
on  Jan.  21st,  1705.  "  Mrs.  Lettice  Stephenson  daughter 
of  ye  vicar  of  Brigham  "  married  "  Mr.  John  Harrison 
vicar  of  Bridekirk  "  on  "Apr.  12,  1705."  i  The  following 
Presentments  were  made  in  his  time :  — 

Brigham  Parish. 

The  Answer  and  presentments  of  the  Churchwardens  of  the  sd 
parish  to  the  booke  of  Articles  to  them  exhibited  in  the  ordinary 
visitation  holden  at  the  parish  Church  of  Egremond  May  ye  16.  1690. 

Tit.  1.  Our  Church  is  kept  both  within  and  without  in  such  order 
and  decency,  as  becometh  the  house  of  God,  and  no  Schooll  taught 
therein  we  have  a  font  of  Stone  decently  covered,  a  Communion 
table,  a  Reading  desk  &  pulpit  all  Conveniently  set  &  placed  wth  all 
things  in  good  order  as  to  wt  is  comprehended  under  this  Title. 

Tit.  2.  Our  Minister  reades  the  office  of  Comon  prayer  morning  & 
Evening  on  Sundays  &  holy  days,  he  weares  his  surplice  whiles  he 
performes  those  or  other  offices  mentioned  in  ye  Comon  prayer  Book, 
he  Celebrates  the  Lord's  Supper  three  times  in  ye  year,  and  is  a  man 
of  Civill  Life  &  Conversacon  and  no  way  Irregular  to  the  order  of  the 
Church  of  England. 

So  yt  all  things  are  well.  And  we  have  nothing  to  present  to  any 
Article  comprehended  under  this  Title. 

Tit.  3.  Our  parishioners  (who  hold  Common  with  ye  Church  of 
England)  doe  duely  resort  to  ye  Church  upon  Sundays  for  ye  most 
part  and  in  time  of  Divine  Service  &  Sermon  behave  themselves 
reverently  as  is  required  We  know  not  any  yt  occupy  themselves 
unnecessary  in  ye  servile  work  of  their  ordinary  Callings  on  Sundays 
and  have  to  present  to  any  Article  with  this  Title. 

Tit.  4.  Our  parish  Clark  doth  his  duty,  was  made  Choice  of  by  our 
Minister,  and  allowed  of  &  Licensed  by  ye  Bishop. 

We  have  no  ffree  Schooll  in  our  parish.  There  is  a  private  Schooll 
ye  Master  whereof  was  Licensed  by  ye  Bishop.  We  leave  no 
physitian  or  Chyrurgeon  in  our  parish  nor  any  who  doth  practise  as 
a  Midwife. 

Our  Churchwardens  are  yearely  chosen  in  Easter  week  according  to 
ye  89  &  90  Canon,  and  their  Sidemen  to  Assist  them  for  ye  due 
ordering  of  ye  Church.  All  things  else  comprehended  under  this  Title 
are  well  &  in  good  order.     So  yt  we  have  no  further  to  present. 

1.  Vide  p.  722. 


I 

I 


Brigham  757 

To   wch  Articles  we  ye   Churchwardens   have  hereunto  Subscribed 
our  hands  or  marks 

Robet  ffawcett 
Henry  Robinson  his  Mrk   X 
Peter  Dalton  his  Mrk    X 
William  Allason.' 

[Year  by  year  the  Presentments  are  much  the  same.] 

Roger  Fleming,  1705 — 1736. 

He  was  instituted  April  29,  1705,  on  the  death  of 
Stephenson;  and  was  the  son  of  Sir  Daniel  Fleming  of 
E-ydal.  He  received  his  early  education  at  Sedbergh 
Grammar  School,  where  his  brother,  George,  afterwards 
Sir  George  Fleming,  and  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  spent  his 
early  school  days.  Roger  Fleming  entered  Queen's 
College,  Oxford,  in  1693,  matriculating  there  April  6th 
of  that  year.^     He  was  previously  at  Ambleside.^ 

1.  Lancaster  Transcripts 

2.  Sedbergh  School  Register,  p.   101 ;  and  Foster's  Al.   Ox. 

3.  Vide  p.  1056. 


X.     CAMERTON. 

This  place  is  about  midway  between  Cockermoutb  and 
Workington.  TheCliurcb  is  in  a  quiet  valley  away  from  all 
bouses;  it  is  dedicated  to  St.  Peter,  Tbe  Registers  com- 
mence in  1699.  They  are  well  kept  and  continuous;  but 
tbey  are  singularly  free  from  references  to  the  men  who 
have  served  here.  The  County  Histories  give  no  assist- 
ance in  this  matter  and  exceedingly  little  has  been 
discovered.  The  following  are  the  few  names  brought  to 
light:  — 

Nicholas  Banks,  1611. 

He  was  previously  at  Flimby  and  Gilcrux.^ 

Richard  Simpson,  1618. 
The  Registers  are  the  authority  for  this  name :  — 

philip  the  Sonne  of  Willm  Blenharasset  Squire  of  fflimby  was  bapt 
att  fflimby  the  first  day  of  Maii  by  Sr.  Richard  Sympson  1618. 

No  information  respecting  Richard  Simpson  is  forth- 
coming, and  it  is  necessary  to  add  that  the  extract  just 
given  is  not  decisive.  The  probability,  however,  is 
that  he  was  serving  the  Curacy. 

The  following  call  for  insertion  here,  though  unfortu- 
nately no  name  of  any  "able  and  learned  Curate  "  tran- 
spires until  we  come  to  George  Roberts.  The  first  two 
extracts  relate  to  1649  :  — 

Camberton. 
The  Lessee   (duringe  the  terme)   to  provide  one   able   and  learned 

Curate  for  Administration  of  ye  Sacremente  and  Sacramentall  Rights 

in   the    parish    of    Camberton  att    the  proper    Costes   of    the   Sayde 

patricius  Curwen.  2 

By  Sir  Patricius  Curwen  to  a  preaching  Minister  out  of  the  Rectory 
of  Camberton  Eighteene  pounds  &c.  3 

1.  Vide  p.  731. 

2.  Lambeth  MSS.,  Survey,  vol.  ii. 

3.  Ihid. 


Camerton  759 

ffebruary  17th  1653. 
Trustees  psent  Sr  Joh.  Thorowgood  Mr.  Yong  Mr.  Pocock. 
Camerton. 

Mr.  Challener  [moved]  in  behalfe  of  Sr.  Partricius  Curwen  of 
Workinton  Tennt  of  the  tithes  of  Camerton  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  that  the  said  Sr.  Partricius  may  be  heard  before  the 
Trustees  lett  the  same  to  any  other  person  his  Lease  expireing  ye 
15th  day  of  August  next  It  is  ordered  that  the  said  Sr.  Partricius 
may  treate  with  the  said  Trustees  for  the  said  tithes  the  23rd  day  of 
August  next  when  the  Trustees  appoint  to  treate  concerning  the  same. 

J.P.l 
Camerton  Nov.  30.    l-ooi. 

Ordered  yt  ye  pishioners  of  Camerton  in  ye  County  of  Cumberland 
have  Liberty  to  make  out  ye  psent  value  of  ye  INIinrs  Maintenance  of 
ye  said  Church  on  ye  14th  day  of  Decemb  next.  2 

In  the  early  part  of  1654-5  reference  is  made  "  to  such 
minister  as  trustees  shall  appoynt " ;  to  a  petition  for 
Augmentation  upon  "  putting  an  able  minister  to  reside 
there  " ;  in  March,  1654-5,  it  is  stated  that  the  "  Church 
is  in  good  repaire" ;  and  on  April  5,  1655,  "  Mr.  Challoner 
moves  for  an  allowance  to  the  minister  yt  served  the  Cure 
till  [blank]  last.  Ord  [order]  Cert,  from  ye  ministrs  wthin  ye 
County  of  ye  merit  of  ye  minister."  In  Feb.  1655-6,  he 
"  moves  for  a  minister  "  and  Clerk  is  to  "Search  ye  list  " ; 
and  at  the  same  time  we  read — "  Settled  Mr.  Robts 
Minister  there  after  approval  of  the  Comrs  &  let  him  be 
itinerant  at  Harrington  till  further  order  &  allow  the 
whole  rent  from  the  time  forward  from  Xmas  last  first 
halfe  yeare  Midd.   next."  ^ 

George  Roberts,  1656. 

The  authority  for  this  will  be  found  in  the  document 
just  cited  and  the  following :  — 

Camerton.  The  like  [Approval]  to  Mr.  George  Robert.*  of 
Camerton  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Dated  at  Whitehall  ye  7th 
day  of  May  1656. 

Jo.  Nye  Regr.  •* 

1.  Lambeth  MSS.   (Plund.   Min.),  1005. 

2.  Ibid.,  1008. 

3.  Ibid.,  1021. 

4.  Ibid.,  968. 


76o  The   Ejected   of   1662 

Under  Harrington,  which.  George  Roberts  held  in  con- 
junction with  Camerton,  further  information  respecting 
him  will  be  found.  ^ 

Jeeemiah  Topping,  1676. 

In  the  Will  of  Isabella  Curwen  of  Camerton,  dated 
March  23,  1676,  Jeremiah  Topping  appears  attesting,  and 
is  called  *'  Curat  of  Camerton  " ;  but  the  Episcopal  Register 
gives  Mar.  13,  1684,  as  the  date  when  he  was  licensed  as 
such.  He  also  held  the  Harrington  living  and  the  reader 
is  referred  to  the  account  of  that  place  for  additional 
information. 2 

Peter  Gregory,  B.A.,  1696. 

For  some  time  he  appears  to  have  had  charge  of 
Camerton  along  with  Cockermouth,^ 

—  Lumley,  1703. 

Bishop  Nicolson,  writing  under  date  1703,  says :  — 

The  Situation  of  this  Church  is  at  such  a  distance  from  all  the 
parishioners,  and  the  Melancholic  Indisposition  of  the  present  Curate 
(Mr.  Lumley)  so  great,  that  their  Congregations  are  commonly  very 
thin ;  the'  there  are  not  many  constant  dissenters  in  the  parish.  4 

The  following  items  of  interest  are  taken  from  the 
Registers  :  — 

The  names  of  strangers  who  have  preached  at  Camerton. 

Imps.  Mr.  Barrow  an  Itinerant  Feb  22.  1690. 

Mr.  Rouse  post  Comitia  Carliel. 

Mr.  Gregory  of  Cockermouth  March  ye  3.  91. 

Mr.  Rigby  Schoolmr  March  ye  22ind  being  good  friday  1691. 

1700  Grace  Pearson  of  Dearum  buried  the  fourteenth  of  December 
Mr.  Mourthwait  ye  Funl.  Serm. 

Jonathan  Harrison  of  Ribton  buried  the  twenty  fifth  day  of  Nov- 
ember Mr.  King — the  Funeral  Sermon  &c. 

1700  26  of  November  A  sermon  preach'd  by  Mr.  Ogle  vicar  of  Abbey 
Holm  at  death  of  Robt.  Harrison  of  Flemby. 

1743  Eellen  daughter  of  Irish  Paddy  (Patrick)  Dougharty  baptized 
Sepr  ye  11. 


I 


1.  Vide  p.  792. 

2.  Vide  p.  795. 

3.  Vide  p.  703. 

4.  Miscel.,  p.  85. 


XI.     DEAN. 

Dean  is  about  five  miles  south  east  of  Cockermoutli,  tlie 
nearest  station  being  Branthwaite  about  a  mile  away.  The 
Church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Oswald,  and  the  Registers  begin 
in  1542.  They  are  beautifully  written,  though  faded 
somewhat  in  places,  and  a  gap  occurs  between  1625  and 
1657.  The  County  Histories  do  not  help  us  with  any  list 
of  Incumbents;  but  the  following,  which  is  fairly  com- 
plete, has  been  recovered  :  — 

Thos.  Lythes,  1589.  / 

Lancelot  Fletcher,  1593 — 1635. 

Miles  Tarn,  Rector  from  1750  to  1795,  constructed  an 
Incumbent  list  beginning  with  a  Lancelot  Fletcher,  in 
reference  to  whom  he  says  :  — 

The  Begister  kept  in  his  time  is  not  now  legible  in  many  places, 
but  it  appears  that  he  or  one  of  the  same  name  was  Rector  in  1546 
and  till  the  year  1635,  when  he  died  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  of 
the  same  name. 

In   reference  to  this,  Archdeacon   Sherwen,  the  present 
Rector,  who  is  keenly  interested  in  archaeological  studies, 
and  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  much  kindness,  says  :  — 
I  am  disposed  to  think  that  this  conclusion  of  Rector  Miles  Tarn  is 
doubtful.     It  seems  to  me  that  the  entries-  on  the  first  thirteen  leaves 
of  the  oldest  Register  are  a  copy  from  an  older  Register  still  (vetere 
Charta)  and   that  Lancelot   Fletcher   signed   his   name   on   each   leaf 
together  with  the  Copyist  and  Churchwarden,  as  attesting  the  correct- 
ness of  the  copy,  and  therefore  his  signature  is  no  proof  of  his  being 
Rector  at  the  time  when  the  various  Offices  entered  in  those  leaves 
were  performed.     Considering  this,  I  think  that,  while  it  seems  most 
improbable  that  one  Lancelot  Fletcher  was  Rector  from  1546  to  1635, 
there  is  no  proof  that  two  of  the  same  name  were  consecutive  Rectors 
from  1546  to  1635  when  Lancelot  Fletcher  became  Rector. 

This  criticism  is  perfectly  just.  The  signature  of 
Lancelot  Fletcher  would  merely  attest  the  correctness  of 
the  copy,  and  is  not  to  be  regarded  as  an  indication  of 
his  possession  of  the  living  during  the  years  with  which 


762  '      The   Ejected   of   1662 

the  entries  are  concerned ;  but  the  criticism  does  not  allow 
for  two  persons  of  this  name,  as  E-ectors  of  Dean  in 
succession,  which  was  actually  the  case.  The  Lancelot 
Fletcher  whose  signature  appears  against  these  early 
entries  was  instituted  ''  19  May,  35  Eliz."  ^  In 
the  Will  of  John  Lamplugh  of  Lamplugh,  dated 
March  18,  1603,  mention  is  made  of  "  Lancelot  ffletcher 
parson  of  Deane,"  and  "  Thomas  Brownrigg  parson  of 
Moresbye."  Sir  Thomas  Lamplugh  of  Dovenby  also,  in 
his  Will,  dated  June  7,  1631,  which  was  proved  at  London 
Feb.  17,  1634,  speaks  of  "  my  house  and  Garth  at  Cocker- 
mouth  with  their  appurtenances  which  I  purchased  of 
Lancelote  ffletcher  Parson  of  Deane."  It  appears  that 
he  held  Dean  in  Plurality  with  Lamplugh  at  least  for 
some  time.  He  died  in  1635 ;  but  as  that  is  the  period  in 
which  a  break  occurs  in  the  Dean  Registers  his  burial 
entry  cannot  be  found  there.  The  Lamplugh  Registers, 
however,  supply  the  lack,  and  state  that  he  was  buried  at 
Dean.  It  would  appear  that  he  lived  at  Dean  and  had  a 
Curate  to  assist. 

Lancelot  Fletcher,  1635 — 1663. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  28,  1635,  on  a  Presentation  by 
William  ffothergill,  "hac  vice  Patron."  He  was  appointed 
to  Plumbland  in  1628,"^  and  that  living  he  held  along 
with  Dean  for  a  certain  period.  In  pursuit  of  their  policy 
in  relation  to  Pluralism  the  Parliamentary  Committee 
called  upon  him  to  surrender  one  of  his  livings,  the  choice 
to  be  left  with  himself.  Having  decided  for  Dean  he 
was  not  further  disturbed  until  his  death  in  1663.  The 
following  document  relates  to  the  matter:  — 
Deane  ffebruarie  23.  1646. 

Moresby  Upon  Informacon  that  Lanclote  ffletcher  is  Incumbent  of 
Acton  &  Deane  &  of  Plumbland  &  Edward  ffletcher  is  Incumbent 
Ousby.  of  Moresby  &  of  Distington  and  Mr.  Sharpies  is  Incumbent 
of  Acton  &  of  Croglin  &  Mr.  Milbome  is  Incumbent  of 
Ousby  &  of  Slcelton  all  wch  benefices  are  in  ye 
Cotmtie   of   Cumberland   &    evry    one    of    them    have  Cure  of  Soules 

1.  Act.  Book  (Chester  Registry). 

2.  Vide  p.  584. 


Dean  763 

This  Comittee  doe  referre  the  exainaons  thereof  to  the  Comittee 
of  pliamt  for  the  said  Countie  or  any  3  of  them  now  are  desired  to 
examine  the  truth  thereof  calling  before  them  &  p'curinge  pties  & 
witnesses  on  both  sides  therein  Concerned  &  to  hear  what  cause  each 
of  the  said  Ministers  can  respectivelie  shewe  why  one  of  his  said 
benefices  should  not  be  sequestred  from  him  And  in  Case  it  shall 
appeare  that  each  of  the  said  Ministers  hath  plurahtie  of  benefices  to 
give  a  fortnights  tyme  to  each  of  them  respectivelie  to  make  his 
eleccon  wch  of  his  said  respective  benefices  he  will  adhere  unto  & 
wch  he  will  relinquish  &  to  Certitie  the  same  to  this  Comitee.' 

His  burial  entry  is  thus  given  in  the  Registers  :  — ■ 

1663  Mr.  Lancelot  ffletcher  Rector  of  Deane  died  the  seaventh  of 
ffebr  and  was  buried  in  the  Chancell  the  ninth  day  of  ye  sd  Month. 

The  "  Inventory  of  the  Goods   of  Mr.  Lancelot  fl&etcher 

Rector  of  Deane  late  deceased"  is  dated  Feb.  25,  1663. 
It   was   in   his   day  that   the   Quaker,   Thomas    Stubbs, 

visited    Dean,    of    which    event    we    have    the    following 

account :  — 

Anno.  1654.  Thomas  Stubbs  was  concerned  to  go  into  the  Steeple- 
house  at  Deane,  where,  when  the  Priest  had  done  he  said,  Thou 
daubest  the  People  ti'p  with  untempered  Mortar;  whereupon  the  Priest 
bid  his  Hearers  fight  for  the  Gospel;  they  fell  violently  upon  Stubbs 
and  some  of  his  Friends,  tore  their  Clothes,  and  beat  them  cruelly. 
The  Priest's  Son  in  particular  sorely  bruised  the  Face  of  Richard 
Richardson.  After  which  two  Justices  sent  Stubbs  to  Prison,  but 
conscious  of  the  Wrong  they  did  him,  writ  his  Mittimus  and  Discharge 
both  on  one  Paper;  this  furnished  the  Gaoler  with  a  Claim  for  Fees, 
under  Pretence  of  which  he  kept  him  fourteen  Weeks  in  Prison.  2 

A  vigorous  attempt  was  made  to  secure  the  living  for 
John  Studdert,  with  whom  we  have  previously  met  at 
Crosthwaite.  The  correspondence  here  appended  is 
extremely  interesting.  John  Studdert  was  an  adept  at 
flattery,  but  neither  at  Crosthwaite  nor  at  Dean  does  it 
appear  to  have  won  him  success  :  — 

Honob.  Sir.  K.  Kendall  8  ffeb.  1663. 

My  service  prmised  &c  Yor  Sister  here  is  verie  well  I  p'sume  her 

husband  when  he  was  att  London  would  give  thanks  for  that  kind 

and  liberall  token  you  sent  her  by  me  the  last  time  I  was  wth  you. 

Sir   the   minister   att   Dean    in    Cumberland    is    verie   aged    and    his 

1.  Bodl.  MS.,  324. 

2.  Besse's  "  Sufferiags  of  the  Quakers,"  vol.  i,  p.   127. 


764  The   Ejected   of  1662 


dissolution  dailie  looked  for ;  I  have  a  Sonne  in  lawe  by  name  Mr. 
John  Studdert  (a  man  ptilie  knowne  to  yor  selfe)  is  a  minister  one  yt 
Contended  for  Crosthwait  but  was  overpower'd  by  the  Bushopp.  At 
psent  he  Supplys  no  place  but  seeing  hee  hath  putt  his  hands  to  the 
plough  I  would  not  have  him  to  draw  it  back.  1  understand  that  the 
Lord  Wharton  (one  who  I  hear  you  are  conversant  wth)  hathe  the 
Advowson  thereof  I  shall  therefore  earnestly  intreat  you  to  engage  my 
lord  Wharton  to  Lett  him  have  that  place  And  what  you  think  anie 
waie  fitt  to  be  done  by  or  for  my  Sonne  :  I  will  see  it  pformed  And 
you  requited.  So  soone  as  yr  more  urgent  occasions  give  leave ;  he 
Beggs  yor  Answer,  who  is,  Sir, 
Yor  Servant 

Thorn.   Sandes 
Sir  Since  I  writt  this  lettr  I  hear  the  incumbent  att  Dean  is  dead ; 
therefore  once  more  lett  me  intreat  you  upon  receipt  to  Close  wth  my 
Lord  and  what  you  do  agree  of  shalbe  pformed  who  (considering  a 
ministers  oath)  maie  better  do  it  then  my  Sonne  in  Lawe  from  whom 
I  prsume  you  will  this  post  have  a  lettr  faille  not  him  who  will  not 
ffaile  to  see  you  requited  And  who  is  as  yet  Sir 
Yor  unacquainted  Sert. 
Tho  :   Sandes 
The  letter  is  thus  endorsed :  — 

ffor  Joseph  Williamson  att  his  Chamber  in  Whitehall  London. 
Thos.  Sandys. 

R.  [received]  19  Feb.  1663/4 
Minister  at  Dean  Cumbld. 
Dead." 
John  Studdert's  own  letter  is  as  follows :  — 
Sr. 

You  live  in  ye  region  of  Petitions  (a  motive  for  my  boldness)  & 
suitably  to  your  reception  of  them,  ye  weather,  wth  your  necessitous 
Adressors  is  fair,  or  lowring ;  To  want,  is  ye  propty  of  a  man ;  to 
conceall  those  wants  (a  vertue,  but  unindowed)  of  a  modest  man ;  to 
Supply  ym  of  a  Deity ;  to  whose  Similitude  your  nearness  unto  a 
terrestriall  one  has  conformed  you;  and  'tis  not  Complement  but 
experience  yt  urges  my  mention  of  your  beneficence. 

That  Cumberland  is  but  a  dry  Nurse  to  her  own  Children  is  evident 
from  many  instances  :  but  eminently  from  yor  absence.  How  few  are 
ye  examples  of  greatness  from  her  single  nourishment.  And  though 
it  were  too  ghastly  a  Character  (especially  from  mee)  to  say  yt  many 
of  her  natives  are  less  benigne  yn  her  Clime ;  yet  this  is  a  certain 
truth  (hinting  att  mine  owne  calling  and  psent  business)  yt  ye  Piety 
of  our  Predecesrs  built  altars  but  strangers  devour  ye  fatt  of  their 
Sacrifices ;  of  Some  Scores  of  genialls  capable  of  her  warmest  lodgings, 
1.  S.  P  .Dom.,  Car.  ii,  vol.  92,  fol.  50. 


Dean  765 

not  above  4  (to  my  knowledg)  prferred  in  it.  However  your  beams 
can  thaw  ye  icy  pts  and  tempers  in  itt  rendering  ye  first  subservient 
to  your  Country  men's  needs  and  ye  other  more  susceptible  of 
naturall  Choices.  Not  to  molest  you  in  your  more  important  con- 
cerns ;  Mr.  Fletcher  (late  parson  of  Dean)  is  Dead  ye  8th  of  this 
Month  wch  parsonage  lyes  contiguous  to  ye  place  of  my  nativity,  and 
psent  residence. 

Now  I  am  informed  yt  ye  Advowson  belongs  to  my  Lord  Wharton  : 
with  whom  (since  ye  Coronation  Day)  I  am  assured  you  are  intimate ; 
wch  if  you  would  please  to  mannage  for  my  behoof  in  pcuring  mee  a 
psentation  my  returns  should  not  only  bee  verball ;  though  such 
Kindness  will  (as  upon  any  ingenious  nature  it  would)  leave  ye  same 
regret  upon  mee  yt  Caesars  kindness  did  upon  ffurnius  wn  hee  told 
him  hanc  unam  tuam  Caesar  habeo  injuriam  effecisti  ut  (laute)  viverim, 
et  morerer  ingratus. 

You  see  (Sir)  wt  quiet  Doores  wee  have  in  ye  Country  yt  can 
wthout  avocation  write  such  long  letters;  In  answer  whereunto  2 
lines  of  yrs  (like  yt  persian  gimimy  exudation  whose  smallest  pt 
Countervails  ye  greatest  prsents)  speedily  Directed  to  my  father 
Sandes  at  Kendall  will  equally  gratify  and  honnour  A  Servt  to  yor 
ptes  as  well  as  fortunes. 

John  Studdert. 
Febr  ye   13th. 
For 

Joseph  Williamson  Esq 
at  his  Lodgings 
in  Whitehall 

London, 
these  are 
John  send  this  p.  first  post  you  come  to  in  the  Road 
yors 
Fr. 
13  Feb.  1663-4.     R.  22. 
Jo.  Studdert 

Deane  Pareonage.^ 

As  already  stated  the  appeal  was  not  successful,  and  what 
became  of  John  Studdert  is  not  known.^ 

Thomas  Pickard,  M.A.,  1664—1679. 

He  was  accepted  as  Deacon  by  the  Archbishop  of  York 
Aug.  IT,  1662,  ordained  Priest  same  day  and  instituted 

1.  S.  P.  Dom.,  Car.  ii,  vol.  92,  fol.  81. 

2.  Vide  p.  654. 


766  The    Ejected   of  1662 

June  10,  1664,  on  a  Presentation  by  Lord  Wharton.  Tlie 
Registers  give  the  following  after  a  baptismal  entry  of  Oct. 
27,  1664:  — 

Here  beginneth  the  Register  of  Thomas  Pickarde  Rector  of  Deane 
and  Successor  of  Lancelot  ffletcher. 

He  had   previously   been    at   Howden,    and   his   letter 
accepting  Lord  Wharton's  offer  of  the  living  is  as  follows  : 

My  Lord 

The  P'fer  of  this  &  ye  reserving  thereof  makes  me  observe  Pvidence 
yet  extended  towards  me  in  yt  your  honrable  favours  are  not  all 
desposed  of  &  so  freely  offered  to  me  :  God  will  (I  hope)  make  me 
as  gratefull  to  yr  Ldshippe  as  servicable  in  yt  Chrch,  as  I  am  willing 
to  accept  thereof  :  jNJy  Lord  as  the  case  stands  I  am  not  only  satisfyed 
concerning  removeing  but  something  constrained  to  it,  because  of 
Churchmen  as  they  call  themselves  :  ye  matter  I.  hope  your  Lordshpp 
will  pdon  if  I  relate  not :  yet  suspension  for  p'eaching  twice  dayly 
is  threatened  me  &  others  :  I  know  not  how  long  God  will  pmitt  it : 
This  I  take  as  a  refuge  pfered  me,  I  may  have  cause  to  repent  too 
late  should  I  suspend  it  :  seeing  yor  honr  Thinkes  me  worthy  of  this 
patronage,  I  feare  not  God's  blessing  seconding  of  it :  I  know  it  will 
be  my  setlemt  &  I  hope  for  your  hours  satisfaction  &  ye  good  of  The 
people.  I  am  resolved  therefore  to  give  up  my  selfe  to  yr  Hours 
Service  &  Gods,  ceaseing  not  to  pray  for  yor  Ldships  health  & 
happiness  wth  your  Good  Ladyes  &c  I  shall  Humbly  devote  my 
selfe  to  be  at  your  Ldsh  disposing  expecting  your  mission  wch  I 
shall  thankfully  receive  from  your  Honr  &  I  hope  faithfully  improve 
to  God's  glory  &  his  peoples  good  there  while  I  jun  his  poore  &  weak 
steward  &  your  hours  Humbly  devoted 

Thomas  Pickard. 
Howden  March  14.  '63. 

Ye  Bishop  of  York  is  dangerously  affected  though  not  so  sick  yet 
forerunning  death  as  is  supposed  a  rub  is  turned  to  a  wound  &  a 
wound  to  a  gangreen,  but  he  will  not  goe  halting  or  Lame  from 
hence — he  will  not  loose  his  limbs  though  a  foot  only  :  I  pray  God 
yt  after  his  departure  such  another  succeed  for  piety  &  moderation 
its  in  Gods  hands ;  had  he  not  Curbed  Some  ye  pursuit  would  have 
been  hot. 
[Endorsed]  : 

14  March.  63. 

Mr.   Pickard 

Will  accept  of  Deane.  ^ 

1.  Rawl.  MSS.  Letters,  104  (Bodleian  Library). 


Dean  '         767 

Thomas  Pickard  appeared  before  the  Bishop  at  his 
Visitation  June  30,  16T4,  along  with  John  Noble  "Liidima- 
gister  "  and  Thos.  Bell,  Parish  Clerk.  His  burial  entry  is 
thus  given  :  — 

1679  Thomas  Pickard  late  rector  of  the  Parish  (Church)  of  Deane 

sepultus  Decimo  die  Aprilis  aged  42  Anns. 

Daniel  Pinner,  M.A.,  1679—1690. 

He  was  instituted  Oct.  9,  1679,  on  the  same  Presenta- 
tion as  the  previous  one.^  Foster  has  the  following:  — 
"Magdalen  Hall,  matric.  22  July,  1658,  rector  of  Tels- 
combe,  Sussex,  1664  (as  Pyner),  and  perhaps  rector  of 
Dean,  Cumberland,  1679-88,  as  Pinner."-  Bishop  Cart- 
wright,  writing  on  Dec.  6,  1686,  says  that  he  has  granted 
"  a  dispensation  for  non  residence  of  Daniel  Pinner, 
rector  of  Dean  in  Cumberland,  because  he  was  in  a  con- 
sumption." ^ 

The  E-egisters  give  him  as  successor  to  Thomas  Pickard. 

Anthony  Procter,  A.B„  1690 — 1705. 

He  was  from  Eavenstonedale ;  and  the  Registers  say 
that  he  was  instituted  March  19,  1690,  and  inducted  on 
the  26th  of  the  same  month.  It  is  curious  to  find  that 
an  effort  was  made  to  secure  the  living  for  "  young  Mr. 
Proctor,"  also  Anthony,  Master  of  Kirkby  Stephen  Free 
School,  and  the  commendatory  letter  of  Samuel  Shaw, 
Vicar  of  Kirkby  Stephen,  is  here  appended  :  — 

Kirkby  Stephen 
Right  Hnble.  March  7.  86. 

I  have  made  bold  to  trouble  yr  Lopp  with  2  lines  by  way  of 
Recomendation  in  ye  behalfe  of  young  INIr.  Proctor  Mr.  of  our  Free 
Schoole.  Of  whom  I  have  had  now  psonall  knowledge,  for  ye  space 
of  5  years  &  upwards,  &  have  observed  him  to  be  a  pson  of  a  verie 
Sober  &  good  conversation;  Charitable  to  ye  poor  &  a  moderat 
Conformist.  He  is  INIr.  of  Arts  &  a  good  preacher ;  hopef ull  to  doe 
much  good  in  ye  work  of  ye  ^linistry  wher  ever  his  lot  shall  fall. 
He  hath  given  generall  satisfaction  in  ye  office  of  a  Schoolmr ;  &  1 
doubt  not  but  he  will  doe  soe,  in  ye  higher  office  of  ye  ^linistry.  If 
therefore    ye    Parsonage    of    Deane    should    be    vacant,    through    my 

1.  Institution  and  Act  Books  (Chester  Registry). 

2.  AI.    Ox. 

3.  Diary  of  Bishop  Cartwriglit  (Camden  Society,  0.  S.,  vol.  22),  p.  16. 


768  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Brother  Pinnr's  resignacon  not  returning  to  ye  place ;  I  think  yor 
Lopp.  might  doe  God  &  the  People  good  service;  if  you  please  to 
conferr  it  upon  him.  I  pceive  by  lettrs  that  I  have  seen,  that  his 
Setlemt  among  them  would  be  Candidly  accepted,  by  the  Graver  & 
bettr  sort  of  ye  people.  I  have  not  farther  to  enlarge,  Saveing  only 
that  I  beg  yr  pdon  for  this  trouble;  heartily  prayeing  for  yor 
Hour's  health  &  the  welfare  of  yr  Noble  posterity.     My  Lord  I  am 

Yor  Lopps  most  Thankfull  & 
most  Hmble  Sert.   Sa  :  Shaw. 
[Endorsed]  : 

7th  March  1686. 

From  Mr.  Shaw. 

in  behalf  of  young  Mr.  Proctor.' 

The  reader  will  find  a  full  account  of  him  and  other 
memhers  of  the  Procter  family  under  Ravenstonedale.^ 
The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 

Mrs.  Procter  buried  22  Aprill  1701. 

Burials  An.  Dom.   1705.  March  29th  Mr.   Anthony  Procter  Rector 
of  D[eane  torn  off]. 

It  appears  that  about  this  time  Peter  Gregory  of  Cocker- 
mouth  was  very  anxious  to  obtain  the  Dean  living;  but 
he  did  not  succeed  in  his  endeavour.^ 

John  Dalton,  1705—1712. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  24,  1705,  on  the  Presentation 
of  "  Dmus  Thos.  Wharton."  He  was  the  grandson  of 
John  Dalton  of  Shap,  to  the  account  of  which  place  the 
reader  is  invited  to  turn  for  additional  information.  He 
subsequently  became  Rector  of  Distington  and  then  of 
Trinity  Church,  Whitehaven.* 

William  Ponsonby,  M.A.,  1712—1750. 

He  was  the  son  of  John  Ponsonby  of  Haile,  matriculated 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  July  11,  1701,  at  the  age  of  17, 

1.  Rawl.  MSS.,  Letters  104  (Bodleian  Library). 

2.  Vide  p.  1107. 

3.  Vide  p.  557. 

4.  Vide  p.  804. 


Dean  769 

and  graduated  B.A.  Jan.  29,  1706-7,  and  M.A.  in  1708.^ 
Under  date  Aug.  4,  1712,  Bishop  Nicolson  refers  to 
Ponsonby  returning  "wth  Ld  Whs"  presentation  to  Dean.^ 
His  Induction  took  place  on  Aug.  12,  1712,  and  he  died  in 
1750.     His  burial  entry  reads  thus:  — 

Buried  1750  April  17th  The  Kevd.   Mr.   Wm.   Ponsonby  Rector  of 
Deane. 

1.  Al.  Ox. 

2.  Trans.  (N.  S.),  vol.  iv,  p.  59. 


A  X 


XII.    LAMPLUGn. 

Lamplugli  is  a  few  miles  south  of  Dean  and  a  couple  of 
miles  from  Lamplugli  Station.  The  Church  is  dedicated  to 
St.  Michael  and  the  first  date  in  the  Eegisters  is  October, 
1582.     In  another  place  is  the  following:  — 

Contayning  the  names  of  those  that  were  Babtised  married  Buryed 
in  the  parish  of  Lamplugh  from  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  1567. 
None  of  these  early  entries,  however,  were  discovered. 
The  oldest  Register  Book  is  of  parchment;  manifestly 
some  of  the  leaves  have  gone,  and  the  one  outside  is  not 
decipherable;  but  the  writing  is  quite  clear  on  the  next. 
Many  of  the  later  pages  are  completely  faded,  but  the 
earlier  ones  are  fairly  distinct.  The  Historians  do  not 
help  us  with  any  list  of  Incumbents  but  the  following 
names  have  been  discovered :  — 

John  Moorhouse,  1592. 

He  is  called  "  preacher  "  in  the  following  entries  :  — 

1592  James  Morhouse  the  son  of  Mr.  Morhouse  preacher  the  xvij  of 
May  [Baptism  (?)]. 

Buryed  1592  Jonathan  storehouse  the  son  of  Air.  John  Morehouse 
preacher  the  xxij  of  June. 
It  is  not  certain  that  he  should  be  reckoned  among  the 
Rectors  of  this  place ;  but  the  name  is  worth  insertion. 

Tristram  Warwick,  1595. 

This  was  the  year  of  his  death  as  the  following  from  the 
Registers  shows  :  — 

Buried  1595  Mr.  Tristram  Warwick  parson  of  Lamplugh  the  28  of 

februarij.     Thus  farre   continueth  the  regester  duringe  the  tyme   of 

Mr.  Tristram  Warwick  parson  of  Lamplugh  &  wth  his  death  ended 

the  yeare  1595. 

Lancelot  Fletcher,  1596 — 1635. 

The  Registers  give  the  following :  — 
The  register  since  the  death  of  Tristram  Warwick  in  the  tyme  of 

Lancelot  ffletcher  parson  of  Lamplugh  next  succedinge  the  aforesaid 

Tristram.     And  it  beginneth  with  the  yeare  of  oure  Lord  1596. 
In  the   account  of  Dean  ^   it   was   shown   that   Lancelot 
Fletcher  held  the  two  livings  in  Plurality.     The  Curate 

1.  Vide  p.  761. 


Lamplugh  771 

who  served  him,  at  least  for  some  part  of  this  time,  was 
Robert  Pearson,   whose  burial  entry  in  the  Registers  is 

noted  thus  :  — 
1629 

The  Register  since  the  death  of  Sr  Robert  Pearson  late  Curate  at 
Lamplugh  buried  at  Bridkirke  the  14th  of  Februarie  Containing  the 
names  of  all  those  that  were  baptized  married  and  buried  eare  since 
1629.  written  by  me 

Pickerings  Hewer. 
Lancelot  Fletcher's  burial  entry  is  as  follows  :  — 

1635  Memd  that  Mr.  ffletcher  Rector  of  Lamp  dyed  the  16th  day  of 
July  and  was  buried  the  27th  at  dean. 

John  Beaithwaite,  1635 — 1652. 

He  was  instituted  Aug.  16,  1635,  on  a  Presentation  by 
the  King.  The  Braithwaites  were  numerous  in  Cumber- 
land and  Westmorland,  and  Foster  gives  quite  a  number 
of  this  name  among  his  Oxford  Alumni.  He  has  John 
Braithwaite,  son  of  William  of  Kendal  who  matriculated 
at  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Nov.  4,  1631,  at  the  age  of  18. 
The  date  and  age  would  permit  of  his  being  at  Lamplugh 
in  1635;^  but  whether  the  two  are  identical  we  have  no 
means  of  knowing.  The  Registers  give  the  following 
respecting  his  daughter:  — 

Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  Mr.  John  Braithwaite  Rector  of  Lamp- 
lughe  baptized  the  Eight  day  of  October  [1637]. 
In  a  declaration  by  "  Jane  Pattrickson  late  daughter  of 
Wm  Pattrickson  of  Stockhow  in  the  parish  of  Lamplugh," 
made  Jan.  27,  1647,  is  the  following:  — 

Paid  unto  Mr.  Braithwaite  Parson  of  Lamplugh  0 — 19 — 2. 

The  Registers  note  his  burial  in  the  following  terms  :  — 

John  Braithwaite  Rector  of  Lamplugh  died  the  8  of  ffebruarie  and 
was  buried  in  the  Chancell  of  Lamplugh  Church  the  10  day  of  the 
same  month  he  entered  to  this  psonage  in  August  1635  after  the  death 
of  Mr.  Lanclote  ffletcher  late  pson  (1652). 

The  following  from  the  Registers  of  this  period  is 
interesting :  — 

Mr.  Roger  Kirbie  of  Kerbee  in  ffurnace  departed  this  life  upon 
Thursdye  being  Novemb  2.  1643  betwixt  2  and  3  of  the  clocke  in  the 
afternoone  and  was  buried  at  Lamplugh  Church  upon  the  third  daie 
about  seven  of  the  clocke  at  night  God  send  him  a  ioyfuil 
resurrection. 

1.  AI.    Ox. 


772  The   Ejected   of  1662 

Roger  Kirkby's  eldest  daughter,  Jane,  was  the  wife  of 
Col.  John  Lamplugh,  then  head  of  the  Lamplugh  family. 
He  was  "  a  Cavalier  officer,  wounded  and  taken  prisoner 
at  Marston  Moor."  Roger  Kirkby's  sister  was  mother  to 
Sir  Daniel  Fleming.  His  presence  and  burial  at  Lamp- 
lugh are  accounted  for  by  the  family  relationship.^ 
Philip  Boath,  1654. 

Among  others  witnessing  the  marriage  of  John  Lamp- 
lugh, on  Nov.  14,  1654,  are  Pickering  Hewer,  who  figures 
prominently  about  this  time  and  was  probably  Parish 
Clerk,  and  Philip  Boath  "  Cler."  Nothing  is  known 
about  him  beyond  that  solitary  fact. 
Comfort  Stake,  1655. 

The  evidence  for  this  is  somewhat  slender.  In  the 
documents  immediately  following  he  appears  as  one  of 
John  Forward's  certifiers  and  is  said  to  be  of  Lamplugh; 
and  Gervase  Benson,  writing  in  1656,  of  Quakers  who  had 
suffered,  mentions  "Comfort  Starre  of  Lamplugh  Parish. "2 
If  he  held  this  living  it  must  have  been  for  a  short  time. 
John  Forward,  1655-6. 

His  Presentation  to  this  living  is  given  in  the  following  : 

Lamplugh 

John  ff  or  ward. 

Know    all    men    by    these    presents    That    the    Pres.  30  Jan  1655 

Sixth  day  of  ffebruary  in  the  yeare  1655  There    

was  exhibited  to  ye  Comissionrs  for  Approbation    Jo  fforward  Cert, 
of  Publique  Preachers  A  psentacon  of  Mr.  John    as  aforsd  by 

fforward    to    ye    Rectory    of    Lamplugh    in    the   

County    of    Cumberland    Made   to    him    by    his   Tho.  Craister 
Highnesse  Oliver   Lord   Protector   of  ye   Comon    Cuth.  Studholme 
Wealth  of  England  &c  ye  patron  thereof  under    Rich.  Gilpin 
his  Seal  Manuall  Together  &c.  said  John  fforward    of  Greystock 
&c.  approved  the  said  John  fforward  to  be  a  fit    Geo.  Larkham  of 
&c.   doe  admitt   the   said   John   fforward   to  the    Cockermouth 
Rectory  of  Lamplugh  &c.  possessor  and  Incum-    Comf .  Starr  of 
bent  &c.  Lamplugh. 

In  witnesse  &c.  Jo.  Myriell  of 

Dated  at  Whitehall  the  sixth  day  of  ffebruary    Torpenhow.  3 

1655.  ?ffr 

1.  The  Flemings  in  Oxford,  by  Dr.  Magrath,  p.  5,  note  9. 

2.  Vide  p.  597  and  note  4. 

3.  Lambeth  MSS.  (Plund.  Min.),  99'6. 


Lamplugh  "j^jt^ 

John  Forward  could  have  held  the  living  only  a  very 
short  time;  and  he  appears  subsequently  at  Boltongate.^ 
Previously  he  had  been  at  Bassenthwaite. 


John  Myriell,  1656 — 1660. 

He  was  previously'  at  Torpenhow,  in  the  account  of 
which  place  the  reader  will  find  further  information 
respecting  him.  ^  It  appears  that  he  was  at  Lamplugh  in 
1656,  and  so  would  be  John  Forward's  immediate  succes- 
sor. He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in  1657  as  the 
following  shows :  — 

Cumland. 

R.  Lamplugh.  August  1657. 

Bound  John  Wood  of  Cockermouth    ifirst  ffebr  1657     ixZi  iiijs  '\d  ob. 
in  the  County  of  Cumbland  gent,  and    flfirst  Aug  1658 
Nathaniel  Overton  of  Westmr  in  ye    ffirst  ffebr  1658 
County  of  Midds  gent. 

ffor  John  Merriol  el.* 

The  Registers  have  the  following  entries  relating  to 
him  :  — 

Chrestenings  1658. 

John  the  Sonne  of  John  Myriell  R.  of  Lamplugh  and  jane  his  wife 
[borne]  the  3  day  of  aprill  and  baptized  the  Eleaventh  day  of  the  said 
month. 

Januarie  the  30th  1659. 

Collected  in  the  Church  and  pishe  of  Lamplugh  for  the  releife  of 
the  destressed  Inhabitants  of  Southwark  (?)  the  sume  of  Eleaven 
Shillings  and  three  pence  halfe  pennie  as  Witnes  or  hands 

Jo.  Myriell  Ministr  of  Lam. 

Jo.   Sampson  Churchwardens. 

Wm.   Harrison 

Walther  Jackson. 

1.  Vide  p.  565. 

2.  Vide  p.  672. 

3.  Vide  p.  580. 

4.  Comp.  Books,  No.  22  (Record  Office). 


774  The   Ejected   of  1662 

At  this  time  the  Church  was  in  a  most  dilapidated  condi- 
tion as  the  following  shows  :  — 

1657  Pickering  Hewer.     [This  by  a  late  hand.] 

Memorand. 

That  this  yeare  aboue  written  the  pishe  Church  of  this  Lamplugh 
was  growne  in  such  ruine  and  decay  both  in  Timber  and  Walls  that 
the  pishioners  was  glad  to  take  all  the  tymber  downe  and  most  of 
the  walles  and  build  it  up  againe  upon  their  Charges  it  being  Soe 
good  a  work  I  thought  good  for  my  Credit  and  the  Satesffaction  of 
those  that  knowes  not  the  same  to  Register  it  1658. 
Pick,  [the  rest  is  torn  away].^ 

Palmer  puts  among  those  who  afterwards  conformed 
"  Mr.  John  Michael  or  Myriel  of  Lampley  the  Seat  of  Mr. 
Lampley."  ^  Calamy,  however,  who  is  often  to  be  pre- 
ferred to  Palmer,  though  the  work  of  the  latter  is  intended 
to  be  Calamy  "  abridged,  corrected  and  methodised,"  in 
his  Second  Edition  (1713),  very  properly  says  that  he  has 
left  out  "  Mr.  John  Michael  or  Myriel  of  Lamplugh," 
who  like  George  Yates  of  Ainstable  and  Forward  of 
Bolton  "conformed."  ^  That  was  the  correct  thing  to  do, 
as  there  is  no  evidence  that  Myriell  did  other  than  accept 
the  new  state  of  things  which  the  Restoration  brought  in. 
John  Myriell  died  in  1660  as  the  following  from  the 
Registers  testifies  :  — 

1660  John  Myriell  Rector  of  Lamplugh  buried  att  London  ( ?)  the 

sixth  day  of  August. 

A  query  is  put  against  the  name  of  the  place  of  burial. 
The  writing  is  extremely  difficult  to  decipher,  and  it  is 
just  possible  that  it  may  have  been  Lorton ;  but  it  looks 
much  more  like  London.  The  entry  is  most  important, 
because  it  practically  disposes  of  the  idea  that  John 
Myriell  was  ejected  and  afterwards  conformed.  The 
death  occurred  shortly  after  the  Restoration  and  there 
was  no  sequestered  Incumbent  to  claim  the  living. 

The  following  letter  from  Dr.  Thomas  Lamplugh  con- 
tains many  interesting  items,  though  it  seems  to  conflict 

1.  Parish  Registers. 

2.  Non.  Mem.,  vol.  i,  p.  391. 

3.  Calamy,  vol.  ii,  p.  161. 


Lamplugh  775 

a  little  with  the  position  here  assumed.  The  intruder 
must  surely  have  been  John  Myriell  whose  voluntary 
resignation  paved  the  way  for  George  Lamplugh.  The 
writer  evidently  did  not  know  of  his  death  at  the  time  of 
writing. 

My  dear  Joseph, 

Yors  I  reed  last  night,  &  his  Maties  speech  inclosed,  for  wch  1 
kindly  thank  you ;  &  you  shall  lay  an  obligacon  upon  me  by  intellig- 
ence of  ye  same  kind.  C.  Harrison  is  now  gone  with  Andrew  &  Mrs. 
Betty  Pettiplace,  to  Newham  in  Hantshire,  so  I  could  not  send  you 
his  Tickett  for  ye  Caution  ( ?)  but  you  shall  receiv  it  att  his  return. 
No  newes  here  but  yt  Tim  Halton  is  making  new  his  chamber  (yt 
wch  is  yet  Mr.  Smithes)  glorious  (?)  windowes  &  other  ornamts  about 
us  stately  to  behold.  Barnaby  Simpson  is  gone  towards  ye  North  by 
himself.  Dick  Garth  is  yet  unpvided  for,  &  much  discontented. 
Jack  Beeby  is  to  pte  with  Bray,  ye  Bpp  has  Conferred  it  upon  Dr. 
Fullam,  who  resignes  Hampton  pool  to  ye  Bps  son  of  New  Coll  :  to 
keep  with  his  felloweshipp.  The  greatest  pte  of  friend.shipp  is  interest 
I  will  endeavour  to  p'cure  hunny  (?)  for  Beeby  if  it  may  be  had 
without  bustling.  George  Lamplugh  has  a  psentacon  to  Lamplugh,  ye 
Jntruder  has  willingly  resigned  up  his  right  to  him.  Pray  enquire 
who  is  Bp  of  Chester,  or  who  is  Vicar  genall  for  ye  Province  of 
Yorke,  yt  so  we  may  make  some  application  for  Institucon  &  Induc- 
tion. I  have  tyred  you  with  these  imp[er]tenencies,  no  more  of  them 
but  only  yt  I  am 

Yors.  T.  L. 

7.4.  60  [Sept  4.   1660  in  pencil.] 

Mr.  Lampl. 

7ber  4th. 
For  my  very  loveing  friend 
Mr.  Joseph  Williamson  with  Mr. 
Secretary  Nicholais  Ldginge  in 
Whitehall 

these.' 

[This  is  a  wretched  hand  and  the  badness  of  the  pen  does  not  assist 
in  the  work  of  deciphering.] 

George  Lamplugh,  M.A.,  1660 — 1700. 

He  was  ordained  Priest  by  Robt.  Oxon.  April  11,  1660, 
and  accepted  by  the  Archbishop  of  York  Nov.  14.  1660. 

I.  S.  P.  Dom.,  Car.  ii,  vol.  14,  fol.  25. 


776  The   Ejected   of  1662 

The  Registers  again  come  to  our  assistance  and  give  the 
following :  — 

December  the  9  1660. 

The  day  and  yeare  aboue  written  Geo.  Lamplugh  Master  of  Arts 
and  Rector  of  the  pishe  of  Lamplugh  according  to  the  Tenour  of  his 
Induction  reade  the  39  Articles  of  the  Church  of  England. 
In  witness  whereof  wee  have  subscribed  our  names 
John  Lamplugh 
Jos  Patterson 
Edward  Lamplugh 
Pickering  Hewer 
Jo.  Simpson 
Mathew  Jackson 
Wm.  Harrison 

Churchwardens. 

George  Lamplugh  was  probably  the  person  of  that 
name  whom  Foster  represents  as  matriculating  at  Queen's 
Dec.  9,  1650,  graduating  B.A,  June  17,  1654,  and  M.A. 
April  21,  1657.  He  compounded  for  his  First  Fruits  in 
1661;  and  held  the  living  for  40  years;  his  burial  entry 
is  as  follows  :  — 

1700.  Mr.  George  Lamplugh  Minister  of  Lamplugh  died  the  13  of 
June  was  Buried  the  20  of  the  same  mouth  and  entered  of  his 
parsonage  in  November  1660. 

His  Will  is  dated  April  30,  1700.  The  Registers  give  a 
George  Lamplugh,  son  of  Richard  Lamplugh,  baptized 
Jan.  23,  1592,  and  buried  March  20,  1639.  Reference 
also  is  made  in  them  to  George  Lamplugh,  Yicar  of  Work- 
ington, to  the  account  of  which  place  the  reader  is  invited 
to  turn.^  In  the  Registers  of  St.  Mary's,  Carlisle,  is  a 
notice  of  the  burial  of  John  "  ye  son  of  Mr.  Geo.  Lamp- 
lugh "  on  Feb.  1,  1708-9.  Possibly  all  these  were  more 
or  less  related. 

Jeffrey  Wyburgh,  LL.B.,  1700. 

He  was  instituted  Nov.  30,  1700,  on  the  Presentation  of 
Thomas  Lamplugh  "Ar."  He  had  been  previously  at 
Bewcastle,  and  was  subsequently  at  Caldbeck.^ 

1.  Vide  p.  786. 

2.  Vide  pp.  294,  553. 


I 


Lamplugh  ^'^'j 

David  King,  M.A.,  1701—1729/30. 

He  was  instituted  May  16,  1701,  on  tlie  same  Presenta- 
tion. The  Registers  give  us  the  following  respecting 
him  :  — 

Junij  6.  1701. 

David  King,  M.A.   Inducted  into  the  Rectory  aetat.   suae  complet 

55mo.  &  Institutionis  jmo  Soli  Deo.  gloria  amen. 
Mr.  David  King  Rectr  of  Lamplugh  Dyed  February  the  23d  Day 

1729 — 30  was  Buried  the  25  of  the  same  month.     Who  was  Instituted 

into  this  Rectory  June  ye  6.   1701. 

His  wife  died  April  7,  1711.  He  had  previously  held 
the  Bridekirk  living. 


1 


1.  Vide  p.  722. 


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